JP4132796B2 - Extrusion processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an extrusion apparatus used when a raw material in a container is extruded from a die to produce an extruded material (molded body) having a desired shape.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, when extruding plastic raw materials, the raw materials are put in a container, and the raw materials are mixed and extruded forward by a screw in the container, and attached to the container discharge side (front side) via a die head. By passing the raw material through a die, an extruded material having a desired shape is obtained.
[0003]
As for the shape of the container, it is general that the inner cross-section is cylindrical due to demands such that raw materials are sufficiently mixed and raw materials move smoothly in the container. On the other hand, at least the discharge part of the die needs to have a shape that forms a molded product, and since the overall shape of the molded product to be manufactured is often a square shape, the overall shape of the cross section of the raw material insertion portion of the die is a square shape. Is common. In accordance with this die shape, the inner cross section (cross section of the raw material insertion portion) of the die head (guide portion) provided on the discharge side of the container is also generally rectangular.
[0004]
In this way, since the internal cross-sectional shape of the container and the internal cross-sectional shape of the die head are different, the shape of the conveyed raw material suddenly changes from a circular cross section to a square cross section at the boundary between the container and the die head. become.
[0005]
Such a rapid shape change is not a problem in the case of a raw material with good fluidity, but in the case of a raw material that is slightly inferior in fluidity, such as a clay made of plasticized inorganic powder, the shape change In some cases, the raw material in the die head may be in a non-uniform state, for example, an unpacked portion of the raw material may be formed in the inner corner of the die head. When this non-uniform raw material is transferred to a die as it is and extruded, there often arises a problem that an outer surface defect or the like occurs in the finished extruded material.
[0006]
A typical example of a material produced by extrusion molding using kneaded clay as a raw material is a deodorizing and denitrating filter having a rectangular parallelepiped shape and a honeycomb structure. As a result, extruded materials in which a sufficient amount of clay was not filled in the corners and as a result, cutouts and cracks occurred in the outer periphery were often produced.
[0007]
Therefore, in the past, the occurrence of the above-mentioned defective extruded material has been prevented by devising and changing the shape of the raw material introduction portion of the die or adjusting the extrusion conditions such as the extrusion speed and the raw material temperature. .
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-mentioned conventional preventive measures, even if the same shape is produced as the extruded material (molded product) shape, the raw material type is slightly different, such as changing the type of clay, each time, There is a problem that it takes time and effort to change to a die suitable for the raw material and to adjust the extrusion conditions. This is because different types of raw materials change their properties such as fluidity and viscosity, so in order to discharge uniformly from the die, it is necessary to use a die shape and extrusion conditions that are suitable for the properties of the raw material. .
[0009]
Therefore, in the present invention, even if there is a change in the type of raw material, etc., it is possible to provide an extrusion processing apparatus that can suppress the occurrence of defective extrusion materials without changing the die or adjusting the extrusion conditions each time. Objective.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Extrusion apparatus according to the present invention, the container discharge side of the extrusion apparatus, is provided a guide portion for guiding the discharged raw materials die inlet portion, the inlet side of the internal guiding matches the container discharge side shape, guiding internal exit side matches the die inlet side shape as the inner surface shape of the transition section for the transition from the inlet side of the guide portion to the outlet side, a portion that expansively deformed from the axis side to the outside, the axis be one having a portion to shrink deformed to the side, the extended deformable portion is, the raw material conveying direction of the cross-sectional shape of its is gradually expanded toward the outlet side from the entering side, and of the cross-sectional shape The amount of change is gradually increased from the entry side to the exit side, and the portion that deforms in a contraction manner is gradually reduced in cross-sectional shape in the raw material transfer direction from the entry side to the exit side. And the change of the cross-sectional shape Amount, and summarized in that in which was set to gradually increase from the entering side to the outlet side.
[0011]
In this way, the shape of the guide part gradually changes from the entry side that matches the shape of the container discharge side to the exit side that matches the shape of the die entry side. Even if it is a raw material with poor fluidity such as clay, it goes to the exit side while filling the inner space of the guide part without being uneven, and the raw material insertion space of the die Go across every corner. As a result, it is possible to obtain an extruded material free from missing or cracking.
[0012]
In the extrusion processing apparatus of the present invention, it is necessary to process the inner space of the guide portion (die head) into a complicated shape, but the processing is simpler than when the shape of the die is changed. In other words, when changing the hole shape of the die, it is necessary to conduct experiments and studies to determine an appropriate hole shape. For example, a die for forming a honeycomb structure has to be subjected to a lot of delicate hole processing. However, while the processing is complicated, in the processing of the guide portion for making the extrusion processing device of the present invention, if the die entrance side shape and the container discharge port shape are determined, the processing can be performed without performing an experiment or the like. This is easy because it can be done and only a large inner wall needs to be processed.
[0013]
Moreover, in this invention, it is preferable that the raw material transfer direction shape of the said guide part is made to change gradually greatly from the said entrance side to the said exit side.
[0014]
According to the present invention, although there is no sudden change in the raw material insertion portion, if the degree of change from the entry side to the exit side in the guide portion is too large, the raw material cannot follow the surface of the molded product as in the conventional case. There is a concern of creating defects. Therefore, it is desirable that the degree of the change is small, but if the drop due to the difference in shape between the container discharge side and the die entry side is large, if the degree of change is small, a long guide portion is required. Necessary. In this regard, in the case where the material is gradually changed as described above, the raw material can follow the change at a short distance, and therefore the guide portion does not have to be made too long.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
<Embodiment 1>
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a part of a guide part and a discharge side of a container of an extrusion processing apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 2 and 3 are schematic views showing the progress of the raw material from the container discharge side to the guide portion, FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view corresponding to the cross section along line AA shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a portion corresponding to a cross section taken along line BB shown in FIG.
[0016]
A die head (guide portion) 12 is attached to the discharge side 11 a of the container 11, and a die (not shown) is attached to the discharge side 12 a of the die head 12. The shape of the discharge port portion (inner space portion) 13 of the container 11 is circular, and the shape of the raw material introduction port 14 on the entry side of the die head 12 is made to coincide with this container discharge port portion 13 (inner shape of the cross section of the container discharge portion). It has a round shape. Further, the shape of the die entrance side is a quadrangle, and the shape of the raw material discharge port 15 on the exit side of the die head 12 is a quadrangle matched with the die entrance side shape (the inside shape of the die entrance side cross section). The inner wall (raw material transfer direction wall) 16 of the die head 12 has a shape in which the shape gradually changes from the circular introduction port 14 to the rectangular discharge port 15.
[0017]
4 is a perspective view showing a die head (guide portion) 52 of the conventional extrusion processing apparatus and a part on the discharge side of the container 11 as a comparison. 5 and 6 are schematic views showing the progress of the raw material from the container discharge side to the die head 52, FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view corresponding to the cross section taken along the line CC of FIG. 4, and FIG. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the location corresponded to the DD line | wire cross section shown in FIG.
[0018]
The inner hollow wall 56 of the die head 52 has a rectangular fixed shape, and the shape of the raw material discharge port 55 on the outlet side of the die head 52 is the same as the rectangular die inlet side shape. Reference numeral 54 denotes a square with respect to the circular container discharge port portion 13.
[0019]
Next, the case where a rectangular parallelepiped extruded material (molded product) is extruded using these extrusion processing apparatuses will be described. A die formed so as to discharge the rectangular parallelepiped extruded material is attached to the exit side of the die heads 12 and 52.
[0020]
First, the raw material 17 such as clay (for example, titanium oxide) is accommodated in the container 11, and the raw material 17 is advanced to the discharge side of the container 11 while mixing. The raw material 17 is extruded from the container discharge port 13 through the die heads 12 and 52 to the die, and the extruded material is formed.
[0021]
At this time, in the conventional extrusion processing apparatus shown in FIG. 4, the shape suddenly changes from a circular cross section to a quadrangular cross section when going from the container discharge port portion 13 to the die head 52, so the flow of the raw material 17 progressing in the extrusion direction. Changes suddenly, especially at the square corners of the die head 52, it expands outward from the axial center of the extrusion direction (FIG. 6), and depending on the extrusion pressure, a gap is formed in the corners. . In addition, the raw material 17 is abruptly shrunk in a portion other than the corners of the quadrangle (FIG. 5), and the flow is disturbed. Therefore, the raw material 17 is not uniformly supplied to the dies, and as a result, there is a high possibility that the corners of the extruded material will be defective or cracked (FIG. 8: manufactured by a conventional extrusion processing apparatus). The perspective view which shows the extruded material).
[0022]
On the other hand, in the extrusion apparatus of Embodiment 1 shown in FIG. 1, since the die head 12 gradually shifts from the circular shape to the quadrangular shape (raw material transfer method shape) as described above, the circular container discharge port 13 The raw material 17 that has progressed through the process is gradually changed in flow without being subjected to an abrupt change in flow and is directed toward the entrance side of the rectangular die (FIGS. 2 and 3). Accordingly, the raw material 17 arrives almost uniformly over the entire entrance surface on the die entrance side, and is then extruded through the die. As a result, a good extruded material having no defects such as defects can be obtained (FIG. 7: perspective view showing the extruded material manufactured by the extrusion apparatus of Embodiment 1). Thereafter, the extruded material is dried and fired to obtain a molded product.
[0023]
As mentioned above, since the raw material will reach the introduction port surface in a substantially uniform state on the die entrance side, even if there is a change in the type of the raw material, the extrusion conditions according to the raw material of the type, There is no need to change the dice.
[0024]
<Embodiment 2>
FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a part of the guide portion of the extrusion processing apparatus and the discharge side of the container according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In addition, about the same component as FIGS. 1-3, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and duplication description is avoided.
[0025]
In the first embodiment, the inner wall 16 of the die head 12 is linear from the entry side to the exit side. However, as the inner wall 26 of the die head (guide portion) 22 in the present embodiment 2, the entry side (raw material introduction port 14) is used. From the outlet to the outlet (raw material discharge port 15), the arc gradually changes greatly.
[0026]
Even in the second embodiment, since the shape gradually changes from the circular introduction port 14 and shifts to the rectangular discharge port 15, it can be said that there is no sudden flow change, for example, the raw material discharge port. At the corners at 15, the change in flow may be greater with respect to the flow axis of the raw material. Therefore, in order to smoothly change the flow without greatly changing, it is desirable to reduce the change angle α. However, if the change angle α is small, the length of the die head (guide portion) 32 and the change of the inner wall 36 are changed. As shown in the drawing for explaining the relationship between the angles, the thickness (length in the flow direction) t of the die head (guide portion) 32 is increased.
[0027]
In this regard, in the case of increasing the amount of change in shape from the inlet side (inlet port 14) to the outlet side (discharge port 15) as in the second embodiment, small changes are accumulated as the flow of raw materials. Therefore, the flow smoothly flows without being disturbed and reaches the die entrance side in a substantially uniform state, and the thickness t of the die head 22 does not increase.
[0028]
As described above, the extrusion processing apparatus according to the present invention has been specifically described with reference to the drawings showing examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated examples, and can be adapted to the above-described purpose. The present invention can be carried out with appropriate modifications, all of which are included in the technical scope of the present invention.
[0029]
For example, in Embodiment 2 described above, the shape of the inner wall 26 of the die head (guide portion) is changed in a curved manner, but in addition to such an arc curve, a plurality of straight lines are combined and gradually changed. May be.
[0030]
Further, the shape of the entrance side and the exit side of the guide part is not limited to the above embodiment, and the shape of the guide part exit side may be a pentagon, an ellipse, etc. according to the shape of the die entrance side, and the container discharge side shape It is good to gradually change to these shapes from FIG. 11 (FIG. 11: diagram showing the entrance side shape (left side of the figure) and the exit side shape (right side of the figure) of the guide portion).
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
According to the extrusion processing apparatus according to the present invention, the raw material is supplied almost uniformly to every corner of the raw material insertion space on the entry side of the die without disturbing the flow. It hardly occurs, and even if the type of raw material is changed, there is no need to change the die or adjust the extrusion conditions each time.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a guide portion of an extrusion processing apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention and a part of a discharge side of a container.
2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a portion corresponding to the cross section along line AA shown in FIG.
3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a portion corresponding to a cross section taken along line BB shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a part of a discharge part of a guide part and a container of a conventional extrusion processing apparatus.
5 is a partial cross-sectional view of a portion corresponding to the cross section taken along the line CC shown in FIG. 4;
6 is a partial cross-sectional view of a portion corresponding to the cross section along line DD shown in FIG. 4;
7 is a perspective view showing an extruded material manufactured by the extrusion processing apparatus according to Embodiment 1. FIG.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an extruded material manufactured by a conventional extrusion processing apparatus.
FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a part of a guide part and a discharge side of a container of an extrusion apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the length of the guide portion and the angle of change of the inner wall.
FIG. 11 is a view showing another example of the entrance side shape (left side of the figure) and the exit side shape (right side of the figure) of the guide unit;
[Explanation of symbols]
11 Container 12, 22, 32, 52 Die head (guide section)
13 Container outlet 14 Raw material inlet 15 Raw material outlet 16, 26, 36 Inner wall 17 Raw material

Claims (1)

The container discharge side of the extrusion apparatus, the guide portion for guiding the discharged raw materials die inlet portion is provided,
Match the guide inside the entry side is on the container discharge side shape, match the side out of the inner guiding within the die inlet side shape as the inner surface shape of the transition section for the transition from the inlet side of the guide portion to the exit side, the shaft A part that expands and deforms outward from the center side and a part that deforms contractively toward the axis side,
Said portion to expand deforming gradually expanded from raw material conveying direction of the cross-sectional shape of its previous entry side to the exit side, and the variation of the cross section, gradually from the entering-side to the delivery side It was designed to be bigger,
The portion that deforms in a shrinking manner gradually decreases in cross-sectional shape in the raw material transfer direction from the entry side to the exit side, and the amount of change in the cross-sectional shape gradually increases from the entry side to the exit side. extrusion apparatus, characterized in der Rukoto that the manner made.

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