JP4128636B2 - Conical friction ring transmission and method for friction ring control of conical friction ring transmission - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention comprises two conical friction wheels rotating in opposite directions on two parallel axes and having the same cone angle, in contact with both conical friction wheels and surrounding one conical friction wheel And a friction ring, the friction ring being guided along the generatrix of both conical friction wheels.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Such a conical friction ring transmission is known from GB 298676. In the case of this transmission, the guide member is guided on the guide shaft in parallel to the axis of the conical friction wheel. The guide member can guide the friction ring along the conical friction wheel. Thereby, the gear ratio of the conical friction ring transmission can be adjusted steplessly. A special drive is required to adjust the friction ring, which increases the cost of the transmission.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The problem underlying the present invention is to improve the control device for the friction ring so that the transmission is made as small as possible and can also be used as a vehicle transmission.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The solution to this problem starts from the recognition that, according to the invention, it is sufficient to tilt the friction ring by a small angle with respect to the axis of the conical friction wheel in order to produce the desired axial movement of the friction ring. Yes. Very little energy is required to swing the friction ring. The solution to this problem is that the friction ring is held in a cage, the cage is guided along the generatrix of the bi-conical friction wheel, the cage is pivotally attached to the axis of rotation, and the axis of rotation is driven by a drive. It exists in the arrangement | positioning so that rocking is possible.
[0005]
Other advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.
The structure proposed according to the invention is particularly suitable for use as a vehicle transmission in connection with a fluid clutch and a shifting device for switching the direction of travel and for front and rear wheel drive.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, the present invention will be described in detail based on the embodiment shown in the drawings.
1 and 2 show a friction cone transmission according to the present invention.
This friction conical transmission essentially consists of two conical friction wheels 3, 4 spaced on parallel axes 1, 2. The conical friction wheels are arranged in opposite directions and have the same cone angle β. A friction ring 5 is provided between the conical friction wheels 3 and 4 to fill the gap. This friction ring surrounds the conical friction wheel 3 and is held in a cage 6.
[0007]
The cage 6 is composed of a frame. This frame is formed by two horizontally oriented bodies 7 and 8 and two parallel shafts 9 and 10 accommodated in the horizontally oriented bodies. The shafts 9 and 10 are provided parallel to the shafts 1 and 2 and at the same time parallel to the generatrix of the friction conical wheels 3 and 4 inclined at an angle β, and two pins facing each other. An adjustment bridge 11 with 12 is supported. One guide roller 13 is attached to each pin. The guide roller 13 acts on both sides of the friction ring 5 and guides the friction ring in the axial direction.
[0008]
The center of the horizontal body 7 forms a vertical rotation axis 14. The entire cage 6 can swing around the rotation axis. For this purpose, the lower lateral head 8 is connected to a lateral drive device 15 and an adjusting motor 16 which are not shown in detail acting on it.
In this embodiment, the rotation axis 14 is in a plane passing through the rotation axis of the friction conical wheels 3 and 4. The rotation axis 14 may be provided in a plane parallel to the plane passing through the friction cone wheel rotation axis, and may intersect at an acute angle with respect to the plane passing through the friction cone wheel rotation axis.
[0009]
When the cage 6 is swung only a few degrees, the friction drive causes an axial adjustment of the adjustment bridge 11, thereby changing the gear ratio of the conical friction wheel. For that purpose, very little energy is sufficient.
FIG. 3 shows a front wheel drive for a vehicle equipped with a conical friction ring transmission according to the present invention. This front wheel drive device substantially comprises a hydraulic converter or fluid clutch 17, a shift unit 18 disposed thereafter, a conical friction ring transmission 19, and a driven part 20.
[0010]
A driven portion of the fluid clutch 17 is attached to the shaft 21. A brake disk 22 is provided on this shaft. This brake disc cooperates with a brake shoe 24 held in the casing 23 and can be controlled electronically.
Immediately after the brake disk 22, a rotatable gear 25 is provided. This gear meshes with the sub-transmission 26 shown only partially, and can be put into the reverse gear in the driven part 20. The gear 25 has a front tooth on one side, by which the gear engages the shift sleeve 27 and is operable. This shift sleeve is held on the shaft 21, is slidable in the axial direction, and has an axial tooth on the inside.
[0011]
When reversal of the direction of rotation is desired, the brakes 22, 24 are first operated so that the subsequent transmission is not affected by torque shock. Then, the shift sleeve 27 moves to the right from the neutral position shown in FIG. 3 and engages with the pinion 28. This pinion is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 29 of the conical friction wheel 30 of the conical friction ring transmission 19.
[0012]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the conical friction ring type transmission 19 is composed of two conical friction wheels 30, 31 facing in opposite directions and spaced apart in the radial direction. This conical friction wheel has the same cone angle β and the axes are parallel. Furthermore, the upper conical friction wheel 30 is surrounded by a friction ring 32. The inner peripheral surface of the friction ring is frictionally engaged with the conical friction wheel 30, and the outer peripheral surface is frictionally engaged with the conical friction wheel 31.
[0013]
Both conical friction wheels 30, 31 have different diameters as shown, thereby eliminating the gear stage in the subsequent driven part 20 in some cases.
For reasons of weight, the conical friction wheels 30, 31 can be formed hollow. This is because only the outer peripheral surface is important.
The friction ring 32 is held by a cage 33 as shown in FIGS. The retainer is disposed so as to be swingable about the rotation axis 40 at a casing portion 34 (FIG. 3). The rotation axis is provided in a plane passing through the rotation axis of the friction conical wheels 30 and 31. In order to avoid a large oscillating stroke, the rotating shaft is provided approximately at the center of the axial length of the friction conical wheels 30, 31. As described above, the rotation shaft 40 may be provided in a plane parallel to the rotation axis 40 or may intersect with the plane at an acute angle.
[0014]
Two parallel shafts 35 and 36 are held in the cage. The inclination angle β of this axis with respect to the horizontal is equal to the cone angle β of the conical friction wheels 30, 31. An adjustment bridge 37 is guided on the shafts 35 and 36. This adjustment bridge comprises an overhang 38. A guide roller 39 is supported on the overhanging portion. As shown in FIG. 5, the guide roller includes a circumferential groove 41, and a flange 42 surrounds the friction ring 32.
[0015]
The friction ring is arranged so that its axis is parallel to the axes of the friction conical wheels 30, 31 as shown in the figure. However, it may be held in a cage so that its axis is parallel to the generatrix of the friction cone wheels 30 and 31 facing each other and perpendicular to the outer peripheral surface of the friction cone wheel.
For adjustment of the cage 33, an adjustment spindle 48 supported on the casing 23 is provided. The adjusting spindle is connected to an adjusting motor or a magnet (not shown) and acts on the holder 33.
[0016]
When the cage 33 is rotated a little, the friction ring 32 rotates around the axis 40. Thereby, since the position of the friction ring with respect to the conical wheel changes, the friction ring 32 automatically changes its position, and the gear ratio of the conical friction ring type transmission 19 changes.
The driven shaft 43 of the conical friction wheel 31 is accommodated in the pressing device 44. The pressing device itself is supported by the casing 23 and supports the driven pistons 45 and 46.
[0017]
The pressing device 44 includes an extension shaft that covers the driven shaft 43. The extension shaft is provided with a flange 47 on the side of the conical friction wheel 31, which has a radial tooth 48. This radial tooth cooperates with the radial tooth of the conical friction wheel 31. The radial teeth 48 produce an axial pressing force against the conical friction wheel 31.
[0018]
It is advantageous if the casing 23 is divided by a partition 49 between the drive and driven parts 17, 18, 20 and the conical friction ring transmission 19. As a result, a coolant having no lubrication characteristic, for example silicone oil, can flow into the casing part for the conical friction ring transmission 19 so that the friction value is not affected. Oil or traction fluid with ceramic powder or other solid particles is suitable as the coolant for the conical friction ring transmission.
[0019]
The friction surface of at least one transmission portion of the conical friction ring transmission, such as the conical friction wheels 30, 31 or the friction ring 32, is preferably made of hard metal or ceramics such as titanium nitride, titanium nitride carbon, titanium aluminum nitride, etc. It is formed by a coating.
FIG. 6 shows the application of the conical friction ring transmission according to the present invention in a vehicle rear wheel drive.
[0020]
A fluid clutch or hydraulic converter 17 is provided in front of the conical friction ring transmission 19, and a planetary gear unit 50 is provided behind the conical friction ring transmission 19.
The driven shaft of the fluid clutch 17 simultaneously forms the shaft 51 of the upper conical friction wheel 30. This conical friction wheel drives the lower conical friction wheel 31 via a friction ring 32. A pinion 53 is mounted on the driven shaft 52 of the conical friction wheel 31. This pinion meshes with a freely rotatable gear 54 mounted on the transmission driven shaft 53 '. The transmission driven shaft 53 'is aligned with the shaft 51 and is accommodated in the shaft so as to be freely rotatable.
[0021]
A pinion 66 integrally connected to the gear 54 forms a sun gear of the planetary gear unit 50. This sun gear meshes with the planet gear 56 held by the planet carrier 57. The planet carrier can rotate about the transmission driven shaft 53 '. The planet carrier 57 includes a cylindrical projecting portion 58. This overhanging portion surrounds the internal gear 59. The internal gear meshes with the planetary gear 56 and is fixedly connected to the transmission driven shaft 53 ′ via the longitudinal teeth 60.
[0022]
A multi-plate clutch 61 is further provided in the planetary gear device 50. This multi-plate clutch can connect the transmission driven shaft 53 ′ to the internal gear 59. A brake 62 is attached to the cylindrical projecting portion 58 of the planetary carrier 54.
The forward drive is started by operating the multi-plate clutch 61. When the brake 62 is operated, the planet carrier 57 is fixedly held, and the rotation direction of the transmission driven shaft 53 'is changed, that is, the reverse drive is generated.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the conical friction ring transmission according to the present invention taken along line II in FIG.
2 is a plan view of FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a vehicle drive device for a front wheel drive device including a conical friction ring type transmission.
4 is another cross-sectional view of the adjusting device along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the detail of FIG.
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of a rear wheel drive device for a vehicle including a conical friction ring type transmission.
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 2, 3, 4, 30, 31 Conical friction wheel 5, 32 Friction ring 6, 33 Cage 14, 40 Axis 17 Fluid clutch 20, Driven portion 22, 24 Brake 25 Shift sleeve 53 'Transmission driven shaft 57 Planet carrier 59 Internal gear 61 Clutch

Claims (11)

Two conical friction wheels rotating in opposite directions on two parallel axes and having the same cone angle, and a friction ring contacting both conical friction wheels and surrounding one conical friction wheel This friction ring (5, 32) is guided along the generatrix of both conical friction wheels and is held in the cage (6, 33), and the cage (6) is attached to the rotating shaft (14, 40). A conical friction ring-type transmission that is pivotally mounted and is swingably arranged around this rotational axis by means of a drive device (16, 48), comprising two parallel shafts (9, 10, 35, 36) Is held by the retainer, has a tilt angle equal to the cone angle of the conical friction wheel (3,4,30,31), and guide adjustment bridge (11,37) of the friction ring (5,32) Is guided on the shaft. Ring-type transmission. 2. Conical friction ring according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis of rotation (14, 40) of the cage (6, 33) lies in a plane passing through the axis of rotation of the conical friction wheel (3, 4; 30, 31). Type transmission. The axis of rotation (14, 40) of the cage (6, 33) lies in a plane parallel to the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the conical friction wheel (3,4); Item 4. The conical friction ring transmission according to Item 1. 4. The conical friction ring transmission according to claim 1, wherein the friction wheel transmission is provided in a casing separated from the gear region or the bearing region. The conical friction ring transmission according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the conical friction wheel (3, 4; 30, 31) is formed hollow. A fluid clutch, and shift sleeve for the travel directional control of the subsequent conical friction ring type transmission, and a driven part, is used as a vehicle transmission for front-wheel drive system, according to claim 1 to 5 The conical friction ring transmission according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the electric power is fixed to the casing for the driven part (20) of the vehicle transmission between the fluid clutch (17) and the shift sleeve (25). Conical friction ring transmission, characterized in that it is provided with brakes (22, 24) that can be controlled in a controlled manner. The conical friction ring transmission according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the friction wheel transmission has a cooling medium that generates a large friction value between the conical wheels. The conical friction ring transmission according to claim 7, wherein the cooling medium is a cooling liquid containing solid particles. Two rotating conical friction wheels having the same cone angle, provided opposite to each other on two parallel axes, and a friction ring in contact with and surrounding one of the conical friction wheels The friction ring (5, 32) is a method for controlling the friction ring of a conical friction ring transmission guided along the generatrix of both conical friction wheels, the friction ring (5, 32) being An angle (several degrees) that the axis of the friction ring is slightly inclined with respect to the two axes (1, 2) of the conical friction wheel in order to bring about the movement of the intended axial position of the friction ring (5, 32). ) are arranged in,
The friction ring (5, 32) is arranged such that when the axis of the friction ring (5, 32) is arranged at a slightly inclined angle with respect to the axis (1, 2) of the conical friction wheel, the friction ring (5, 32) A method for control, characterized in that the axial position is held by itself . The friction ring (5, 32) is held by an adjustment bridge (11, 37) guided along the generatrix of two conical friction wheels (3,4, 30, 31), The method of claim 9. The adjustment bridge (11, 37) is a cage (6, 6) pivotally attached to a rotating shaft (14, 40) provided to achieve the intended axial position movement of the friction ring (5, 32). The method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the method is held by (33).

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