JP4123886B2 - LED lighting device - Google Patents

LED lighting device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4123886B2
JP4123886B2 JP2002278029A JP2002278029A JP4123886B2 JP 4123886 B2 JP4123886 B2 JP 4123886B2 JP 2002278029 A JP2002278029 A JP 2002278029A JP 2002278029 A JP2002278029 A JP 2002278029A JP 4123886 B2 JP4123886 B2 JP 4123886B2
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inductor
switch element
voltage
dimming
lighting device
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JP2004119078A (en
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征彦 鎌田
恵一 清水
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Toshiba Lighting and Technology Corp
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Toshiba Lighting and Technology Corp
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【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ＬＥＤ点灯装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、ＬＥＤ点灯装置としては、負荷であるＬＥＤ（発光ダイオード）への通電路に限流素子として抵抗を接続したものが知られている。（例えば、特許文献１参照）。
【０００３】
【特許文献１】
特開２００２−２３１４７１公報（段落「００２４」、図１）
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ＬＥＤへの通電路に限流素子として抵抗を接続した場合、電源電圧の変動やＬＥＤの特性変化に対しＬＥＤの明るさが変動し易いという問題があった。また、抵抗での電力損失が大きいという問題があった。
【０００５】
そこで本発明は、限流素子での電力損失を充分に低減でき、定格電力の範囲を広げることができるとともに電源電圧の変動やＬＥＤの特性変化に対してＬＥＤを安定して点灯させることができるＬＥＤ点灯装置を提供する。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、直流電源に、スイッチ素子、インピーダンス素子及び第１のインダクタを直列に介して接続したＬＥＤ回路と、第１のインダクタに並列的に接続され、スイッチ素子がオフしているときに第１のインダクタに蓄えられたエネルギーを放出するためのダイオードと、第１のインダクタと磁気結合し、他端をインピーダンス素子の第１のインダクタとの接続側端に接続した第２のインダクタと、第２のインダクタの一端とスイッチ素子の制御端子の間に接続され第２のインダクタに発生する出力をスイッチ素子の制御端子に入力するコンデンサと、第２のインダクタの一端と直流電源の正極側出力端子との間に接続されるとともに、その接続点をスイッチ素子の制御端子とコンデンサの接続点に接続された２個直列接続した抵抗素子を備え、スイッチ素子のオン動作によりインピーダンス素子及び第１のインダクタを介してＬＥＤ回路に通電し、第１のインダクタの通電により前記第２のインダクタに発生する出力をコンデンサを介してスイッチ素子の制御端子に駆動信号として入力して該スイッチ素子のオン動作を継続させ、インピーダンス素子の両端間電圧の増大によりスイッチ素子の基準端子と制御端子との間の電圧を減少させてそのスイッチ素子をターンオフさせるとともに、前記第１のインダクタに蓄えられたエネルギーの放出により前記第２のインダクタに発生する出力によって前記スイッチ素子のオフ状態を維持させ、その後、第１のインダクタに流れる電流がゼロになったとき第２のインダクタに発生する逆起電圧でスイッチ素子を再度オンさせ、これを繰り返すことにある。
【０００７】
また、本発明は、直流電源に、第１のスイッチ素子、インピーダンス素子及び第１のインダクタを直列に介して接続したＬＥＤ回路と、第１のインダクタに並列的に接続され、第１のスイッチ素子がオフしているときに第１のインダクタに蓄えられたエネルギーを放出するためのダイオードと、第１のインダクタと磁気結合し、他端をインピーダンス素子の他端である第１のインダクタとの接続側端に接続した第２のインダクタと、第２のインダクタの一端とスイッチ素子の制御端子の間に接続され第２のインダクタに発生する出力をスイッチ素子の制御端子に入力するコンデンサと、第２のインダクタの一端と直流電源の正極側出力端子との間に接続されるとともに、その接続点をスイッチ素子の制御端子とコンデンサの接続点に接続された２個直列接続した抵抗素子と、インピーダンス素子の一端に制御端子を接続し、他端に基準端子を接続し、オン動作により第１のスイッチ素子の制御端子とインピーダンス素子の第１のインダクタとの接続側を短絡する第２のスイッチ素子を備え、第１のスイッチ素子のオン動作によりインピーダンス素子及び第１のインダクタを介してＬＥＤ回路に通電し、第１のインダクタの通電により第２のインダクタに発生する出力をコンデンサを介してスイッチ素子の制御端子に駆動信号として入力して該スイッチ素子のオン動作を継続させ、インピーダンス素子の両端間電圧の増大により第２のスイッチ素子をオン動作して第１のスイッチ素子をターンオフさせるとともに、前記第１のインダクタに蓄えられたエネルギーの放出により前記第２のインダクタに発生する出力によって前記スイッチ素子のオフ状態を維持させ、その後、第１のインダクタに流れる電流がゼロになったことにより第２のインダクタに発生する逆起電圧で第１のスイッチ素子を再度オンさせ、これを繰り返すことにある。
【０００８】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を、図面を参照して説明する。
【０００９】
（第１の実施の形態）
図１に示すように、商用交流電源１にコンデンサ２を並列に接続すると共にダイオードブリッジからなる全波整流回路３の入力端子を接続し直流電源４を構成している。
【００１０】
前記直流電源４の出力端子間、すなわち、前記全波整流回路３の出力端子間に、スイッチ素子としてのＦＥＴ（電界効果トランジスタ）５、インピーダンス素子としての抵抗素子６及び第１のインダクタ７を直列に介してＬＥＤ回路８を接続している。前記ＬＥＤ回路８にコンデンサ９並びに抵抗素子１０を並列に接続している。
【００１１】
前記第１のインダクタ７に前記ＬＥＤ回路８とコンデンサ９の並列回路を介してダイオード１１を図示極性にして並列に接続している。すなわち、前記ダイオード１１は前記ＦＥＴ５がオフしているときに前記第１のインダクタ７に蓄えられたエネルギーを前記ＬＥＤ回路８やコンデンサ９を介して放出する作用を為す。
【００１２】
前記第１のインダクタ７に第２のインダクタ１２を磁気結合し、この第２のインダクタ１２の一端を、コンデンサ１３を介して前記ＦＥＴ５の制御端子であるゲート端子に接続し、他端を、前記抵抗素子６と第１のインダクタ７との接続点に接続している。また、前記第２のインダクタ１２の一端を、抵抗素子１４，１５を直列に介して前記全波整流回路３の正極側の出力端子に接続している。
【００１３】
前記ＦＥＴ５のゲート端子と前記抵抗素子６と第１のインダクタ７との接続点との間に、ダイオード１６を、そのカソードをゲート端子側にして接続し、また、前記抵抗素子１４，１５の接続点を前記ＦＥＴ５のゲート端子に接続している。
【００１４】
このような構成においては、電源の投入時には、全波整流回路３の正極側の出力端子から、抵抗素子１５，１４、第２のインダクタ１２、第１のインダクタ７及び抵抗素子１０を順次経由して電流が流れ、各抵抗素子１５，１４，１０の抵抗比によってＦＥＴ５のゲート端子に所定の電圧が印加してＦＥＴ５はオンする。こうして装置は起動する。
【００１５】
ＦＥＴ５がオン動作すると、ＦＥＴ５、抵抗素子６、第１のインダクタ７を順次経由してコンデンサ９に電流が流れる。コンデンサ９の充電電圧がＬＥＤ回路８の順方向電圧以上になると、ＬＥＤ回路８に電流が流れ、ＬＥＤ回路８のＬＥＤは点灯を開始する。また、第１のインダクタ７に電流が流れると、第２のインダクタ１２に電圧が誘起され、この電圧がコンデンサ１３を介してＦＥＴ５のゲート端子に駆動信号として印加されＦＥＴ５はオン動作を継続する。
【００１６】
ＦＥＴ５から抵抗素子６、第１のインダクタ７を経由して流れる電流は次第に増加する。電流が増加すると、抵抗素子６の両端間電圧が上昇する。ＦＥＴ５のゲート端子と、抵抗素子６と第１のインダクタ７との接続点との間の電圧はほぼ決まっているので、抵抗素子６の両端間電圧が上昇することは相対的にＦＥＴ５のゲート端子と基準端子であるソースとの間の電圧が低下する。
【００１７】
ＦＥＴ５のゲート、ソース間に印加する電圧がＦＥＴのスレッショルド電圧よりも低下すると、ＦＥＴ５はターンオフする。ＦＥＴ５がオフすると、第１のインダクタ７の蓄えられていたエネルギーがコンデンサ９→ダイオード１１→第１のインダクタ７の閉回路で放出される。このエネルギーの放出により流れる電流によって第２のインダクタ１２に発生する電圧の極性は反転しているので、ＦＥＴ５のオフ状態が維持される。
【００１８】
その後、第１のインダクタ７から放出される電流がゼロになると、第２のインダクタ１２に発生する電圧の極性が再度反転し、今度はＦＥＴ５をターンオンするように作用する。こうして、ＦＥＴ５は再びオン動作を開始し、ＦＥＴ５から抵抗素子６、第１のインダクタ７を経由して電流が流れる。
【００１９】
以後、この動作が繰り返され、ＦＥＴ５は高周波スイッチング動作し、ＬＥＤ回路８は高周波点灯動作を維持する。
【００２０】
このように、ＬＥＤ回路８に対して第１のインダクタ７を介して高周波電流を流して点灯を行うので、限流素子として作用する第１のインダクタ７での電力損失はほとんどなく、限流素子での電力損失を充分に低減できる。そして、第１のインダクタ７での電力損失がほとんどないので、定格電力の範囲を広げることができる。また、電源電圧の変動やＬＥＤの特性変化に対してもＬＥＤを安定して点灯させることができる。また、第１のインダクタ７や第２のインダクタ１２として小形のものが使用できる。
【００２１】
なお、この実施の形態では直流電源として、商用交流電源１にコンデンサ２を並列に接続すると共にダイオードブリッジからなる全波整流回路３の入力端子を接続した直流電源４を使用したが必ずしもこれに限定するものではなく、バッテリーなどからなる直流電源であってもよい。
【００２２】
（第２の実施の形態）
なお、前述した実施の形態と同一の部分には同一の符号を付し、詳細な説明は省略する。
【００２３】
図２に示すように、第１のスイッチング素子であるＦＥＴ５と第１のインダクタ７との間に、抵抗素子６よりも抵抗値の小さい抵抗素子６１を接続し、この抵抗素子６１を第２のスイッチング素子であるバイポーラ形トランジスタ２１のベース・エミッタ間に接続している。前記トランジスタ２１のコレクタを前記ＦＥＴ５のゲート端子に接続している。
【００２４】
このような構成においては、ＦＥＴ５がオン動作すると抵抗素子６１、第１のインダクタ７を介して電流が流れ、この電流が次第に増加するが、抵抗素子６１の両端間電圧がトランジスタ２１を動作するバイアスに達すると、トランジスタ２１がオン動作し、これによりＦＥＴ５はターンオフされる。
ＦＥＴ５がターンオフした後、再びオン動作するまでの動きは前述した実施の形態と同様である。
【００２５】
このように、抵抗素子６１の両端間電圧をトランジスタ２１のベースバイアスとし、この電圧が所定の電圧に達したときトランジスタ２１をオン動作してＦＥＴ５をターンオフさせるようにしているので、ターンオフのタイミングを第２のインダクタ１２に誘起される電圧値に影響されず常に正確に取ることができる。すなわち、ＦＥＴ５を常に正確にスイッチング動作できる。
【００２６】
また、トランジスタ２１をオン動作するベースバイアスはシリコントランジスタの場合で０．５Ｖと低く、このため、抵抗素子６１での消費電力はほとんど無く、無駄な電力消費を極力防止できる。
なお、この実施の形態においても前述した実施の形態と同様の作用効果が得られるのは勿論である。
【００２７】
（第３の実施の形態）
なお、前述した実施の形態と同一の部分には同一の符号を付し、詳細な説明は省略する。
【００２８】
図３において、４１は商用交流電源を整流した直流電源やバッテリーなどの直流電源である。２２はＰＷＭ（パルス幅変調）調光信号を発生する調光信号発生器である。前記調光信号発生器２２からのＰＷＭ調光信号を、抵抗素子２３を介してフォトカプラ２４の発光ダイオード２４Ｄに通電している。
【００２９】
バイポーラ形トランジスタ２１のコレクタ・ベース間に前記フォトカプラ２４のホトトランジスタ２４Ｔを接続し、ベース・エミッタ間に抵抗素子２５を接続している。また、ＬＥＤ回路８に代えてＬＥＤ回路８１を使用している。
【００３０】
このような構成においては、ＦＥＴ５をスイッチング動作するゲート端子信号は、図４の(b)に示すように高周波になっているのに対し、発光ダイオード２４Ｄからホトトランジスタ２４Ｔに供給される調光信号は、図４の(a)に示すように低周波になっている。
【００３１】
そして、ホトトランジスタ２４Ｔがオン動作すると、トランジスタ２１がオン動作され、ＦＥＴ５は強制的にオフ動作される。従って、ＦＥＴ５は高周波スイッチング動作している最中に、調光信号によって所定の遅い周期で一定時間強制的にオフ動作されることになる。
【００３２】
ＦＥＴ５は強制的にオフ動作されている間ＬＥＤ回路８１への通電は停止される。すなわち、ＬＥＤ回路８１に流れる電流波形は図４の(c)に示すようになる。しかし、調光信号によってＬＥＤ回路８１への通電が停止される状態は低周波といっても人の目では確認できないほど速いので、人の目にはＬＥＤ回路８１の発光量が低下し減光したように見える。
【００３３】
従って、調光信号によるＦＥＴ５の強制オフ動作期間を調整すれば、ＬＥＤ回路８１を調光制御することができる。すなわち、調光信号をパルス幅変調することでＬＥＤ回路８１を簡単に調光制御することができる。
なお、この実施の形態においても前述した実施の形態と同様の作用効果が得られるのは勿論である。
【００３４】
（第４の実施の形態）
なお、前述した実施の形態と同一の部分には同一の符号を付し、詳細な説明は省略する。
【００３５】
図５に示すように、直流電源４を構成する交流電源１の一端とコンデンサ２の一端の間に、交流電圧波形を調光のために半サイクル毎に一部をカットする調光回路２６を接続している。すなわち、前記調光回路２６は、図６の(a)に示すように、交流電圧波形を半サイクル毎にその立ち上がりの所定区間をカットし、この所定区間の長さを可変できるようになっている。
【００３６】
なお、カットする区間をここでは立ち上がりの所定区間としているが必ずしもこれに限定するものではなく、半サイクルの途中の区間でも終了の所定区間でもよい。
【００３７】
また、前記コンデンサ２の他端に前記調光回路６の誤動作防止用の抵抗素子３２の一端を接続し、この抵抗素子３２の他端を交流電源１の他端と全波整流回路３の入力端子との接続点に接続している。
【００３８】
前記調光回路２６からの交流波形を波形検出回路２７に供給している。すなわち、前記波形検出回路２７は、入力端子の一端を、抵抗素子２８を介して全波整流回路３の交流入力端子の一端に接続すると共に抵抗素子２９を介して全波整流回路３の交流入力端子の他端に接続し、入力端子の他端を、全波整流回路３の整流出力端子の負極側に接続している。
【００３９】
ＦＥＴ５のゲート端子と、抵抗素子６１と第１のインダクタ７との接続点との間に、調光制御用スイッチング素子としてのＦＥＴ３０のドレイン・ソースを接続している。
【００４０】
前記波形検出回路２７は、入力される全波整流波形から、半サイクル毎の立ち上がりのカット区間を検出し、そのカット区間だけ前記ＦＥＴ３０をオン動作させる調光信号をそのＦＥＴ３０のベースに供給している。なお、前記全波整流回路３の整流出力端子の両端間にコンデンサ３１を接続している。
【００４１】
このような構成においては、交流電源１からの交流電圧波形は調光の度合いに応じて調光回路２６により各半サイクルの立ち上がりの所定区間がカットされ、調光回路２６からは図６の(a)に示すような交流電圧波形が出力される。そして、その交流電圧波形のカット区間が半サイクル毎に波形検出回路２７で検出され、その区間だけ波形検出回路２７によりＦＥＴ３０がオン動作される。
【００４２】
ＦＥＴ３０がオン動作すると、ＦＥＴ５は強制的にオフ動作される。従って、ＦＥＴ５は高周波スイッチング動作している最中に、調光信号によって所定の遅い周期で一定時間強制的にオフ動作されることになる。そして、ＦＥＴ５が強制的にオフ動作されている間ＬＥＤ回路８１への通電は停止される。
【００４３】
すなわち、ＦＥＴ５のゲート端子に入力する信号は図６の(b)に示すようになり、ＦＥＴ５は高周波スイッチング動作している最中に所定の遅い周期で一定時間強制的にオフ動作される。これにより、ＬＥＤ回路８１に流れる電流波形は図６の(c)に示すようになり、人の目にはＬＥＤ回路８１の発光量が低下し減光したように見える。
【００４４】
従って、この実施の形態においても調光制御によりＦＥＴ５を強制的にオフする期間を調整することで、ＬＥＤ回路８１を簡単に調光制御することができる。
なお、この実施の形態においても前述した実施の形態と同様の作用効果が得られるのは勿論である。
【００４５】
（第５の実施の形態）
なお、前述した実施の形態と同一の部分には同一の符号を付し、詳細な説明は省略する。
【００４６】
図７に示すように、調光信号によって電圧値を可変できる直流電源４２を設け、この直流電源４２に抵抗素子３３と３４の直列回路を並列に接続している。そして、前記抵抗素子３３と３４との接続点に発生する電圧を電圧検出回路３５で検出している。
【００４７】
前記電圧検出回路３５は、電圧を検出すると、その検出電圧値に応じて所定の期間だけ調光制御用のＦＥＴ３０を、所定の遅い周期で繰り返しオン動作するようになっている。
【００４８】
従って、この実施の形態においても、ＦＥＴ５は高周波スイッチング動作している最中に、調光信号によって所定の遅い周期で一定時間強制的にオフ動作され、その間ＬＥＤ回路８１への通電は停止されることになる。これにより、人の目にはＬＥＤ回路８１の発光量が低下し減光したように見える。
【００４９】
従って、この実施の形態においても調光制御によってＦＥＴ５を強制的にオフする期間を調整することで、ＬＥＤ回路８１を簡単に調光制御することができる。
なお、この実施の形態においても前述した実施の形態と同様の作用効果が得られるのは勿論である。
【００５０】
【発明の効果】
以上詳述したように本発明によれば、限流素子での電力損失を充分に低減でき、定格電力の範囲を広げることができるとともに電源電圧の変動やＬＥＤの特性変化に対してＬＥＤを安定して点灯させることができる。
また、本発明によれば、さらに、ＬＥＤ回路への通電を直接制御するスイッチ素子を常に正確にスイッチング動作させることができるとともに無駄な電力消費を極力防止できる。
また、本発明によれば、さらに、ＬＥＤ回路を簡単に調光制御できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 本発明の、第１の実施の形態を示す回路構成図。
【図２】 本発明の、第２の実施の形態を示す回路構成図。
【図３】 本発明の、第３の実施の形態を示す回路構成図。
【図４】 同実施の形態における各部の信号、電流波形を示す図。
【図５】 本発明の、第４の実施の形態を示す回路構成図。
【図６】 同実施の形態における各部の信号、電流波形を示す図。
【図７】 本発明の、第５の実施の形態を示す回路構成図。
【符号の説明】
４…直流電源、５…ＦＥＴ（スイッチ素子）、６…抵抗素子（インピーダンス素子）、７…第１のインダクタ、８…ＬＥＤ回路、１１…ダイオード、１２…第２のインダクタ。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an LED lighting device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as an LED lighting device, one in which a resistor is connected as a current limiting element to an energization path to an LED (light emitting diode) as a load is known. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2002-231471 A (paragraph “0024”, FIG. 1)
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
When a resistor is connected as a current limiting element to the current path to the LED, there is a problem that the brightness of the LED is likely to fluctuate with respect to fluctuations in the power supply voltage and changes in the characteristics of the LED. In addition, there is a problem that power loss at the resistor is large.
[0005]
Therefore, the present invention can sufficiently reduce the power loss in the current limiting element, can widen the range of the rated power, and can stably light the LED against fluctuations in the power supply voltage and changes in the LED characteristics. An LED lighting device is provided.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to an LED circuit in which a switch element, an impedance element, and a first inductor are connected in series to a DC power source, and in parallel to the first inductor, and when the switch element is off, a diode for releasing the energy stored in the first inductor, the second inductor first inductor and magnetically coupled to connect the other end to the connection end of the first inductor of the impedance element, the A capacitor connected between one end of the two inductors and the control terminal of the switch element for inputting an output generated in the second inductor to the control terminal of the switch element; one end of the second inductor; and a positive output terminal of the DC power supply the two series connected resistor elements is connected, it is connected to the connection point to a connection point between the control terminal and the capacitor of the switch element between the For example, by energizing the LED circuit via an impedance element and the first inductor by ON operation of the switching element, the control terminal of the switching element through a capacitor the output generated in the second inductor by energization of the first inductor enter a drive signal to the allowed to continue oN operation of the switch element, Ru voltage turning off the switch element to reduce the between the increase of the voltage across the impedance element and the reference terminal of the switching element and the control terminal In addition, when the switch element is maintained in the OFF state by the output generated in the second inductor due to the release of the energy stored in the first inductor, and then the current flowing through the first inductor becomes zero The switch element is turned on again by the back electromotive voltage generated in the second inductor, and this is repeated. Some to return.
[0007]
The present invention also provides an LED circuit in which a first switch element, an impedance element, and a first inductor are connected in series to a DC power source, and a first switch element connected in parallel to the first inductor. connection but the first of the first inductor and a diode for releasing the energy stored in the inductor, which is the other end of the first inductor magnetically coupled to the impedance element other end when turned off A second inductor connected to the side end; a capacitor connected between one end of the second inductor and the control terminal of the switch element for inputting the output generated in the second inductor to the control terminal of the switch element; Is connected between one end of the inductor and the positive output terminal of the DC power supply, and its connection point is connected to the control terminal of the switch element and the connection point of the capacitor. And two serially connected resistive element connects the control terminal to one end of the impedance element to connect the reference terminal at the other end, by the on operation of the first inductor of the control terminal and the impedance element of the first switch element A second switch element that short-circuits the connection side; the LED circuit is energized via the impedance element and the first inductor when the first switch element is turned on; and the second inductor is energized by the energization of the first inductor The generated output is inputted as a drive signal to the control terminal of the switch element through the capacitor to continue the ON operation of the switch element, and the second switch element is turned ON by the increase of the voltage across the impedance element. Rutotomoni turning off the first switching element, the second by the release of the first energy stored in the inductor The output generated in the inductor to maintain the off state of the switching element, then the first switch element in counter electromotive voltage current flowing through the first inductor is generated in the second inductor by becomes zero again It is to turn on and repeat this.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0009]
(First embodiment)
As shown in FIG. 1, a capacitor 2 is connected in parallel to a commercial AC power source 1 and an input terminal of a full-wave rectifier circuit 3 composed of a diode bridge is connected to constitute a DC power source 4.
[0010]
An FET (field effect transistor) 5 as a switching element, a resistance element 6 as an impedance element, and a first inductor 7 are connected in series between output terminals of the DC power supply 4, that is, between output terminals of the full-wave rectifier circuit 3. The LED circuit 8 is connected via A capacitor 9 and a resistance element 10 are connected in parallel to the LED circuit 8.
[0011]
A diode 11 is connected in parallel to the first inductor 7 through the parallel circuit of the LED circuit 8 and the capacitor 9 with the illustrated polarity. That is, the diode 11 functions to release the energy stored in the first inductor 7 through the LED circuit 8 and the capacitor 9 when the FET 5 is turned off.
[0012]
A second inductor 12 is magnetically coupled to the first inductor 7, one end of the second inductor 12 is connected to a gate terminal which is a control terminal of the FET 5 through a capacitor 13, and the other end is connected to the first inductor 7. A connection point between the resistance element 6 and the first inductor 7 is connected. One end of the second inductor 12 is connected to the output terminal on the positive side of the full-wave rectifier circuit 3 through the resistor elements 14 and 15 in series.
[0013]
A diode 16 is connected between the gate terminal of the FET 5 and the connection point between the resistance element 6 and the first inductor 7, with the cathode at the gate terminal side, and the connection between the resistance elements 14 and 15. The point is connected to the gate terminal of the FET 5.
[0014]
In such a configuration, when the power is turned on, the resistor elements 15 and 14, the second inductor 12, the first inductor 7, and the resistor element 10 are sequentially passed from the positive output terminal of the full-wave rectifier circuit 3. Thus, a predetermined voltage is applied to the gate terminal of the FET 5 according to the resistance ratio of the resistance elements 15, 14, and 10, and the FET 5 is turned on. The device is thus activated.
[0015]
When the FET 5 is turned on, a current flows through the capacitor 9 via the FET 5, the resistance element 6, and the first inductor 7 in order. When the charging voltage of the capacitor 9 becomes equal to or higher than the forward voltage of the LED circuit 8, a current flows through the LED circuit 8, and the LED of the LED circuit 8 starts to light. When a current flows through the first inductor 7, a voltage is induced in the second inductor 12, and this voltage is applied as a drive signal to the gate terminal of the FET 5 through the capacitor 13, and the FET 5 continues to be turned on.
[0016]
The current flowing from the FET 5 through the resistance element 6 and the first inductor 7 gradually increases. When the current increases, the voltage across the resistance element 6 increases. Since the voltage between the gate terminal of the FET 5 and the connection point between the resistance element 6 and the first inductor 7 is almost determined, the voltage across the resistance element 6 is relatively increased. And the voltage between the reference terminal and the source.
[0017]
When the voltage applied between the gate and source of the FET 5 falls below the threshold voltage of the FET, the FET 5 is turned off. When the FET 5 is turned off, the energy stored in the first inductor 7 is released in the closed circuit of the capacitor 9 → the diode 11 → the first inductor 7. Since the polarity of the voltage generated in the second inductor 12 is reversed by the current that flows due to the release of this energy, the off state of the FET 5 is maintained.
[0018]
Thereafter, when the current discharged from the first inductor 7 becomes zero, the polarity of the voltage generated in the second inductor 12 is reversed again, and this time, the FET 5 is turned on. Thus, the FET 5 starts to turn on again, and a current flows from the FET 5 through the resistance element 6 and the first inductor 7.
[0019]
Thereafter, this operation is repeated, the FET 5 performs a high frequency switching operation, and the LED circuit 8 maintains the high frequency lighting operation.
[0020]
In this way, since the LED circuit 8 is turned on by passing a high-frequency current through the first inductor 7, there is almost no power loss in the first inductor 7 acting as a current limiting element, and the current limiting element. Can sufficiently reduce the power loss. And since there is almost no power loss in the 1st inductor 7, the range of rated power can be expanded. In addition, the LED can be stably lit even with respect to fluctuations in the power supply voltage and changes in the LED characteristics. Further, a small inductor can be used as the first inductor 7 or the second inductor 12.
[0021]
In this embodiment, as the DC power source, the DC power source 4 in which the capacitor 2 is connected in parallel to the commercial AC power source 1 and the input terminal of the full-wave rectifier circuit 3 made of a diode bridge is connected is used. However, it may be a direct current power source including a battery.
[0022]
(Second Embodiment)
In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the part same as embodiment mentioned above, and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.
[0023]
As shown in FIG. 2, a resistance element 61 having a resistance value smaller than that of the resistance element 6 is connected between the first switching element FET 5 and the first inductor 7, and the resistance element 61 is connected to the second switching element. The bipolar transistor 21 which is a switching element is connected between the base and emitter. The collector of the transistor 21 is connected to the gate terminal of the FET 5.
[0024]
In such a configuration, when the FET 5 is turned on, a current flows through the resistance element 61 and the first inductor 7, and this current gradually increases, but the voltage across the resistance element 61 is biased to operate the transistor 21. , The transistor 21 is turned on, whereby the FET 5 is turned off.
The operation until the FET 5 is turned on again after the FET 5 is turned off is the same as that in the above-described embodiment.
[0025]
As described above, the voltage across the resistor element 61 is used as the base bias of the transistor 21, and when this voltage reaches a predetermined voltage, the transistor 21 is turned on and the FET 5 is turned off. The voltage value induced in the second inductor 12 is not affected by the voltage value and can always be accurately taken. That is, the FET 5 can always be switched accurately.
[0026]
In addition, the base bias for turning on the transistor 21 is as low as 0.5 V in the case of a silicon transistor. Therefore, there is almost no power consumption in the resistance element 61, and wasteful power consumption can be prevented as much as possible.
In this embodiment, it is needless to say that the same effect as that of the above-described embodiment can be obtained.
[0027]
(Third embodiment)
In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the part same as embodiment mentioned above, and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.
[0028]
In FIG. 3, reference numeral 41 denotes a DC power source such as a DC power source or a battery obtained by rectifying a commercial AC power source. A dimming signal generator 22 generates a PWM (pulse width modulation) dimming signal. The PWM dimming signal from the dimming signal generator 22 is energized to the light emitting diode 24D of the photocoupler 24 through the resistance element 23.
[0029]
A phototransistor 24T of the photocoupler 24 is connected between the collector and base of the bipolar transistor 21, and a resistance element 25 is connected between the base and emitter. Further, an LED circuit 81 is used instead of the LED circuit 8.
[0030]
In such a configuration, the gate terminal signal for switching the FET 5 has a high frequency as shown in FIG. 4B, whereas the dimming signal supplied from the light emitting diode 24D to the phototransistor 24T. Has a low frequency as shown in FIG.
[0031]
When the phototransistor 24T is turned on, the transistor 21 is turned on, and the FET 5 is forcibly turned off. Therefore, the FET 5 is forcibly turned off for a predetermined time at a predetermined slow period by the dimming signal during the high frequency switching operation.
[0032]
While the FET 5 is forcibly turned off, the energization to the LED circuit 81 is stopped. That is, the current waveform flowing in the LED circuit 81 is as shown in FIG. However, since the state in which the power supply to the LED circuit 81 is stopped by the dimming signal is so fast that it cannot be confirmed by human eyes even though the frequency is low, the amount of light emitted from the LED circuit 81 is reduced and dimmed by human eyes. Looks like.
[0033]
Therefore, the dimming control of the LED circuit 81 can be performed by adjusting the forcible OFF operation period of the FET 5 by the dimming signal. That is, the LED circuit 81 can be easily dimmed and controlled by pulse width modulation of the dimming signal.
In this embodiment, it is needless to say that the same effect as that of the above-described embodiment can be obtained.
[0034]
(Fourth embodiment)
In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the part same as embodiment mentioned above, and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.
[0035]
As shown in FIG. 5, a dimming circuit 26 is provided between one end of the AC power source 1 constituting the DC power source 4 and one end of the capacitor 2 to cut a part of the AC voltage waveform every half cycle for dimming. Connected. That is, as shown in FIG. 6A, the dimming circuit 26 can cut a predetermined section of the rising edge of the AC voltage waveform every half cycle and vary the length of the predetermined section. Yes.
[0036]
The section to be cut is a predetermined rising section here, but the present invention is not necessarily limited to this, and it may be a half-cycle intermediate section or an end predetermined section.
[0037]
Further, one end of a resistance element 32 for preventing malfunction of the dimming circuit 6 is connected to the other end of the capacitor 2, and the other end of the resistance element 32 is connected to the other end of the AC power source 1 and the input of the full-wave rectifier circuit 3. Connected to the connection point with the terminal.
[0038]
The AC waveform from the light control circuit 26 is supplied to the waveform detection circuit 27. That is, the waveform detection circuit 27 connects one end of the input terminal to the one end of the AC input terminal of the full-wave rectifier circuit 3 via the resistance element 28 and AC input of the full-wave rectification circuit 3 via the resistance element 29. The other end of the input terminal is connected to the negative side of the rectified output terminal of the full-wave rectifier circuit 3.
[0039]
The drain / source of the FET 30 serving as a dimming control switching element is connected between the gate terminal of the FET 5 and the connection point between the resistance element 61 and the first inductor 7.
[0040]
The waveform detection circuit 27 detects a rising cut section every half cycle from the input full-wave rectified waveform, and supplies a dimming signal for turning on the FET 30 to the base of the FET 30 during the cut section. Yes. A capacitor 31 is connected between both ends of the rectified output terminal of the full-wave rectifier circuit 3.
[0041]
In such a configuration, the AC voltage waveform from the AC power source 1 is cut by the dimming circuit 26 in accordance with the degree of dimming, and a predetermined interval at the rising of each half cycle is cut. An AC voltage waveform as shown in a) is output. The AC voltage waveform cut section is detected by the waveform detection circuit 27 every half cycle, and the FET 30 is turned on by the waveform detection circuit 27 only during that section.
[0042]
When the FET 30 is turned on, the FET 5 is forcibly turned off. Therefore, the FET 5 is forcibly turned off for a predetermined time at a predetermined slow period by the dimming signal during the high frequency switching operation. The energization of the LED circuit 81 is stopped while the FET 5 is forcibly turned off.
[0043]
That is, the signal input to the gate terminal of the FET 5 is as shown in FIG. 6B, and the FET 5 is forcibly turned off for a predetermined time at a predetermined slow period during the high-frequency switching operation. As a result, the current waveform flowing in the LED circuit 81 becomes as shown in FIG. 6C, and it appears to the human eye that the amount of light emitted from the LED circuit 81 is reduced and dimmed.
[0044]
Therefore, also in this embodiment, the dimming control of the LED circuit 81 can be easily performed by adjusting the period during which the FET 5 is forcibly turned off by the dimming control.
In this embodiment, it is needless to say that the same effect as that of the above-described embodiment can be obtained.
[0045]
(Fifth embodiment)
In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the part same as embodiment mentioned above, and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.
[0046]
As shown in FIG. 7, a DC power source 42 capable of changing a voltage value by a dimming signal is provided, and a series circuit of resistance elements 33 and 34 is connected to the DC power source 42 in parallel. A voltage generated at the connection point between the resistance elements 33 and 34 is detected by a voltage detection circuit 35.
[0047]
When the voltage detection circuit 35 detects a voltage, the dimming control FET 30 is repeatedly turned on at a predetermined slow cycle for a predetermined period according to the detected voltage value.
[0048]
Therefore, also in this embodiment, the FET 5 is forcibly turned off for a predetermined time with a predetermined slow period by the dimming signal while the high frequency switching operation is being performed, and during this time, the energization to the LED circuit 81 is stopped. It will be. As a result, it appears to the human eye that the amount of light emitted from the LED circuit 81 is reduced and dimmed.
[0049]
Therefore, also in this embodiment, the dimming control of the LED circuit 81 can be easily performed by adjusting the period during which the FET 5 is forcibly turned off by the dimming control.
In this embodiment, it is needless to say that the same effect as that of the above-described embodiment can be obtained.
[0050]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the power loss in the current limiting element can be sufficiently reduced, the range of the rated power can be widened, and the LED can be stabilized against fluctuations in power supply voltage and changes in LED characteristics. Can be turned on.
In addition, according to the present invention, the switching element that directly controls energization to the LED circuit can always be switched accurately and wasteful power consumption can be prevented as much as possible.
In addition, according to the present invention, the LED circuit can be easily dimmed and controlled.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a circuit configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a circuit configuration diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a circuit configuration diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a signal and a current waveform of each part in the same embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a circuit configuration diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a signal and a current waveform of each part in the same embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a circuit configuration diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 4 ... DC power supply, 5 ... FET (switch element), 6 ... Resistive element (impedance element), 7 ... 1st inductor, 8 ... LED circuit, 11 ... Diode, 12 ... 2nd inductor.

Claims (6)

直流電源に、スイッチ素子、インピーダンス素子及び第１のインダクタを直列に介して接続したＬＥＤ回路と、前記第１のインダクタに並列的に接続され、前記スイッチ素子がオフしているときに前記第１のインダクタに蓄えられたエネルギーを放出するためのダイオードと、前記第１のインダクタと磁気結合し、他端を前記インピーダンス素子の前記第１のインダクタとの接続側端に接続した第２のインダクタと、前記第２のインダクタの一端と前記スイッチ素子の制御端子の間に接続され前記第２のインダクタに発生する出力を前記スイッチ素子の制御端子に入力するコンデンサと、前記第２のインダクタの一端と前記直流電源の正極側出力端子との間に接続されるとともに、その接続点を前記スイッチ素子の制御端子と前記コンデンサの接続点に接続された２個直列接続した抵抗素子を備え、
前記スイッチ素子のオン動作により前記インピーダンス素子及び第１のインダクタを介して前記ＬＥＤ回路に通電し、前記第１のインダクタの通電により前記第２のインダクタに発生する出力を前記コンデンサを介して前記スイッチ素子の制御端子に駆動信号として入力して該スイッチ素子のオン動作を継続させ、前記インピーダンス素子の両端間電圧の増大により前記スイッチ素子の基準端子と制御端子との間の電圧を減少させてそのスイッチ素子をターンオフさせるとともに、前記第１のインダクタに蓄えられたエネルギーの放出により前記第２のインダクタに発生する出力によって前記スイッチ素子のオフ状態を維持させ、その後、前記第１のインダクタに流れる電流がゼロになったとき前記第２のインダクタに発生する逆起電圧で前記スイッチ素子を再度オンさせ、これを繰り返すことを特徴とするＬＥＤ点灯装置。An LED circuit in which a switch element, an impedance element, and a first inductor are connected in series to a DC power supply, and the first inductor is connected in parallel to the first inductor, and the switch element is off. a diode for releasing the energy stored in the inductor, and the first inductor and magnetically coupled, a second inductor connected to the other end to the connection end of the first inductor of the impedance element A capacitor connected between one end of the second inductor and the control terminal of the switch element for inputting an output generated in the second inductor to the control terminal of the switch element; and one end of the second inductor; Connected between the positive output terminal of the DC power supply and the connection point between the control terminal of the switch element and the capacitor Comprises two series-connected resistive element connected to the connection point,
When the switch element is turned on, the LED circuit is energized through the impedance element and the first inductor, and the output generated in the second inductor by energization of the first inductor is passed through the capacitor. The switch element is inputted as a drive signal to the control terminal of the element to continue the ON operation of the switch element, and the voltage between the reference terminal and the control terminal of the switch element is decreased by increasing the voltage across the impedance element to Rutotomoni turns off the switching element, to maintain the off-state of the switching element by the output generated in the second inductor by the release of the stored in the first inductor energy, then flows through the first inductor When the current becomes zero, the back electromotive force generated in the second inductor The switching element is turned on again, LED lighting device characterized by repeating this. 直流電源に、第１のスイッチ素子、インピーダンス素子及び第１のインダクタを直列に介して接続したＬＥＤ回路と、前記第１のインダクタに並列的に接続され、前記第１のスイッチ素子がオフしているときに前記第１のインダクタに蓄えられたエネルギーを放出するためのダイオードと、前記第１のインダクタと磁気結合し、他端を前記インピーダンス素子の他端である前記第１のインダクタとの接続側端に接続した第２のインダクタと、前記第２のインダクタの一端と前記スイッチ素子の制御端子の間に接続され前記第２のインダクタに発生する出力を前記スイッチ素子の制御端子に入力するコンデンサと、前記第２のインダクタの一端と前記直流電源の正極側出力端子との間に接続されるとともに、その接続点を前記スイッチ素子の制御端子と前記コンデンサの接続点に接続された２個直列接続した抵抗素子と、前記インピーダンス素子の一端に制御端子を接続し、他端に基準端子を接続し、オン動作により前記第１のスイッチ素子の制御端子と前記インピーダンス素子の前記第１のインダクタとの接続側を短絡する第２のスイッチ素子を備え、
前記第１のスイッチ素子のオン動作により前記インピーダンス素子及び第１のインダクタを介して前記ＬＥＤ回路に通電し、前記第１のインダクタの通電により前記第２のインダクタに発生する出力を前記コンデンサを介して前記スイッチ素子の制御端子に駆動信号として入力して該スイッチ素子のオン動作を継続させ、前記インピーダンス素子の両端間電圧の増大により前記第２のスイッチ素子をオン動作して前記第１のスイッチ素子をターンオフさせるとともに、前記第１のインダクタに蓄えられたエネルギーの放出により前記第２のインダクタに発生する出力によって前記スイッチ素子のオフ状態を維持させ、その後、前記第１のインダクタに流れる電流がゼロになったことにより前記第２のインダクタに発生する逆起電圧で前記第１のスイッチ素子を再度オンさせ、これを繰り返すことを特徴とするＬＥＤ点灯装置。An LED circuit in which a first switch element, an impedance element, and a first inductor are connected in series to a DC power source, and a parallel connection to the first inductor, and the first switch element is turned off. connection between the diode for releasing energy stored in the first inductor, the first inductor and magnetically coupled, the first inductor and another end which is the other end of said impedance element when you're A second inductor connected to a side end; and a capacitor connected between one end of the second inductor and a control terminal of the switch element for inputting an output generated in the second inductor to the control terminal of the switch element And one end of the second inductor and the positive output terminal of the DC power supply, and the connection point is controlled by the switch element. Connects the two serially connected resistor element connected terminal and the connection point of the capacitor, the control terminal to one end of said impedance element, connected to the reference terminal at the other end, the by-on operation the first switching element A second switch element for short-circuiting a connection side of the control terminal and the first inductor of the impedance element,
When the first switch element is turned on, the LED circuit is energized via the impedance element and the first inductor, and the output generated in the second inductor is energized via the capacitor. The switch element is input to the control terminal of the switch element as a drive signal to continue the ON operation of the switch element, and the second switch element is turned ON by increasing the voltage across the impedance element. Rutotomoni turning off device, the output generated in the second inductor by the release of the first energy stored in the inductor to maintain the off state of the switching element, then the current flowing in the first inductor The first electromotive force is generated by the back electromotive voltage generated in the second inductor due to zero becoming zero. The switching element is turned on again, LED lighting device characterized by repeating this. 請求項１又は２記載のＬＥＤ点灯装置において、さらに、第１のスイッチ素子を調光のためにＬＥＤ回路への通電のための動作周波数よりも低い周波数でオン、オフさせる調光制御用スイッチング素子を設けたことを特徴とするＬＥＤ点灯装置。  3. The LED lighting device according to claim 1, further comprising a dimming control switching element for turning on and off the first switch element at a frequency lower than an operating frequency for energizing the LED circuit for dimming. The LED lighting device characterized by providing. 外部入力されるパルス幅変調調光信号により調光制御用スイッチング素子を駆動制御することを特徴とする請求項３記載のＬＥＤ点灯装置。  4. The LED lighting device according to claim 3, wherein the dimming control switching element is driven and controlled by a pulse width modulation dimming signal inputted externally. 請求項３記載のＬＥＤ点灯装置において、直流電源として、商用交流電源を整流した直流電源を使用し、さらに、前記商用交流電源からの電圧波形を調光のために半サイクル毎に一部カットする調光回路と、この調光回路での電圧波形のカット区間を検出し、このカット区間だけ調光制御用スイッチング素子をオン動作する波形検出回路を設けたことを特徴とするＬＥＤ点灯装置。  4. The LED lighting device according to claim 3, wherein a DC power source obtained by rectifying a commercial AC power source is used as the DC power source, and a voltage waveform from the commercial AC power source is partially cut every half cycle for dimming. An LED lighting device comprising: a dimming circuit; and a waveform detection circuit that detects a cut section of a voltage waveform in the dimming circuit and turns on a dimming control switching element only in the cut section. 請求項３記載のＬＥＤ点灯装置において、さらに、調光のために可変される電源電圧を検出し、電圧レベルに応じた期間、調光制御用スイッチング素子をオン動作する電圧検出回路を設けたことを特徴とするＬＥＤ点灯装置。  4. The LED lighting device according to claim 3, further comprising a voltage detection circuit that detects a power supply voltage that is variable for dimming and that turns on the dimming control switching element for a period according to the voltage level. LED lighting device characterized by this.
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