JP4123585B2 - Combination structure of sliding member and mating member - Google Patents

Combination structure of sliding member and mating member Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4123585B2
JP4123585B2 JP22216998A JP22216998A JP4123585B2 JP 4123585 B2 JP4123585 B2 JP 4123585B2 JP 22216998 A JP22216998 A JP 22216998A JP 22216998 A JP22216998 A JP 22216998A JP 4123585 B2 JP4123585 B2 JP 4123585B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
sliding
epoxy
resin
weight
silicone oil
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JPH11124591A (en
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隆 中丸
義昭 山本
奈美子 金子
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Oiles Corp
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Oiles Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、摺動部材と相手部材との組合わせに関する。とくに、相対向してすべり合う摺動部材と相手部材とから成る二つの部材のすべり面が、ともに合成樹脂であることを特徴とした摺動部材と相手部材との組合わせに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
摺動部材とくに合成樹脂から成る摺動部材としては、軸受、カム、歯車、リテイナー、ライナーなど、また構築物に用いられるすべり支承あるいはまた車輛などの乗物に用いられる作動力伝達用途の索導管などがある。
【0003】
そして、これら摺動部材に対する相手部材としては、一般には鋼などの金属製のものが用いられている。
【0004】
しかしながら、種々の目的あるいは必要性から合成樹脂摺動部材に相対する相手部材または少くともそのすべり面が合成樹脂であって、樹脂と樹脂との間のすべりを特徴とした摺動部材と相手部材との組合わせ態様のものもある。
【0005】
たとえば、合成樹脂の被膜を施した鋼製のシャフトと合成樹脂軸受との組合せ、ともに合成樹脂製の歯車の組合わせ、合成樹脂パイプとその中に挿通されて押し引きまたは回転摺動する合成樹脂を被覆したワイヤーロープとの組合わせから成るコントロールケーブルなど様々なものがある。
【0006】
使用される合成樹脂としては、ポリアミド、ポリオキシメチレン、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリブチレンテレフタレートなどのポリエステル、ポリフェニレンサルファイド、ポリウレタン、フッ素樹脂、フェノール樹脂などは最も汎用的なものである。
【0007】
これらの中で、とくにフッ素樹脂、なかでも四フッ化エチレン樹脂は、低摩擦係数を有する材料としてよく知られており、摺動材料として種々の形態で広く使用されている。
【0008】
一般に低摩擦材料は耐摩耗性に難点があるので、耐摩耗性向上のための種々の手段が講じられている。
【0009】
四フッ化エチレン樹脂については、他の耐摩耗性にすぐれた合成樹脂とのブレンド、黒鉛やガラス粉末の混入、裏金への薄膜としての被着、そして四フッ化エチレン樹脂の繊維形態のものを他の有機または無機繊維と混織または交織して摺動面を形成するなどの手段が採られている。
【0010】
これら改質手段の中には、耐摩耗性や機械的強度の向上が得られる反面、四フッ化エチレン樹脂が本来具有する低摩擦特性を若干犠牲にするケースもある。
【0011】
一方、合成樹脂摺動部材に相対する相手部材についても種々の工夫がなされている。
【0012】
相手部材が鋼などの金属材料の場合では、その表面粗さを可及的に小さくしたり、硬質クロムメッキを施したり、あるいは窒化、硫化処理などの表面処理を施して摺動時に四フッ化エチレン樹脂の相手材への移着を容易にし、微視的に四フッ化エチレン樹脂と四フッ化エチレン樹脂との樹脂同志のすべりを期待しあるいは具現させ、摩擦係数の低下をはかるなどの手段が採られている。
【0013】
ところで、種々の目的、必要性すなわち防錆、耐薬品、電気絶縁その他軽量化、消音さらには他の設計上の要請から、相手部材そのものを合成樹脂としたりあるいは少くともそのすべり面を合成樹脂とするなどの手段が採られることがある。
【0014】
すべり面が合成樹脂と合成樹脂との組合わせからなる場合では、種々の問題もある。
【0015】
たとえば、低摩擦係数を有していることで知られる四フッ化エチレン樹脂においても、乾燥摩擦条件下でのすべりにおいて、静摩擦係数を0.1以下とすることは困難である。
【0016】
種々の材料改質を行ない、相手材としての合成樹脂を吟味選択し且つ摩擦条件を低すべり速度領域に限定したとしても、静摩擦係数を0.08以下とすることはほとんど不可能である。
【0017】
そこで、潤滑油剤の適用が可能な場合は、合成樹脂と合成樹脂とのすべり面に、鉱油、合成潤滑油あるいはグリスなどの潤滑油剤を介在させることは極めて有効で、静摩擦係数、動摩擦係数をともに低下させることができる。
【0018】
しかし、すべり面が合成樹脂と合成樹脂との組合わせからなる場合においては、荷重下にあって且つ常時は作動することがないような場合では、両部材の長期間の接触により、すべり面の合成樹脂に微視的なへたりを生じ易く、このことはそこに介在させた潤滑油剤の潤滑膜を破断させたり、あるいは摺動系外に絞り出して了って、所期の目的を達し得ない事態を招来する。
【0019】
たとえば、とくに荷重が大きい場合、そして常時はすべり作動が行なわれないが、火災などの発生時にセンサの信号によって開閉が行なわれる窓とか防火扉などの支持部や、地震動に応答して構造物の変位をすべりによって逃がす機能を有する支承などの摺動部においては、有事における適確、効果的な低摩擦すべりが得られないことになる。
【0020】
一般に、すべり面に介在している潤滑油剤の潤滑膜が絞り出されて枯渇していたりあるいは破断した状態であっても、たとえば含油摺動部材を使用している場合などでは、繰り返しこのすべりによって新たに潤滑油がすべり面に供給されたり、潤滑膜破断部が自己補修され、実用上問題を生じない場合もあるが、上述したような用途のように繰り返しこのすべりを持つことができない場合がある。
【0021】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
この発明は、合成樹脂と合成樹脂との間のすべりを特徴とする摺動部材と相手部材との組合わせにおいて、すべり面から絞り出されたり、すべり面において、破断することのない潤滑膜を有する部材を提供するものである。そして、すべりを必要とする時に適確、効果的な低摩擦すべりが行なわれる部材を提供するものである。
【0022】
そして、斯る特性が最もよく発揮される摺動部材と相手部材との組合わせを開示する。
【0023】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この発明は、相対向してすべり合う摺動部材と相手部材とからなる二つの部材のうち、その一方の部材または少なくともその部材のすべり面が自己潤滑性を有する合成樹脂から成るものにおいて、相対する他方の部材の材料組成およびすべり面形成の態様について鋭意研究を行なった結果なされたものであり、その第一の要旨は、相対向してすべり合う摺動部材と相手部材とから成る二つの部材からなり、その一方の部材または少なくともその部材のすべり面が自己潤滑性を有する合成樹脂から成り、相対する他方の部材のすべり面は、少なくとも、エポキシ樹脂と側鎖にエポキシ基を有するエポキシ当量が1000以下の反応性シリコーンオイルとから成る組成物の被着膜から成っていて、この反応性シリコーンオイルが組成物中において三次元網状構造を形成していることを特徴とした摺動部材と相手部材との組合わせ構造に存する。
【0024】
そして、本発明の第二の要旨は、相対向してすべり合う摺動部材と相手部材とから成る二つの部材からなり、その一方の部材または少なくともその部材のすべり面が自己潤滑性を有する合成樹脂からなる組合わせを準備するに際し、エポキシ樹脂100重量部と側鎖にエポキシ基を有するエポキシ当量が1000以下の反応性シリコーンオイル2〜100重量部とアミン系または酸無水物系硬化剤0.5〜250重量部とを有機溶剤に溶解してなる溶液を、一方の部材のすべり面に相対向する他方の部材の表面に適用して当該表面に塗膜を形成し、この塗膜を加熱硬化させてエポキシ基を有する反応性シリコーンオイルを三次元網状構造にすることを特徴とした摺動部材と相手部材との組合わせ構造を製造する方法に存する。
【0025】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。まず、相対向してすべり合う摺動部材と相手材とから成る二つの部材のうち、一方の部材または少なくともその部材のすべり面を構成する自己潤滑性を有する合成樹脂について説明する。
【0026】
この自己潤滑性を有する合成樹脂としては、ポリオレフィン、ポリアセタール、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリフェニレンサルファイド、フッ素樹脂等の樹脂単体、またはこれらに潤滑油剤、強化剤を配合したものが使用できる。
潤滑油剤としては、潤滑油、グリース、ワックス、グラファイト、二硫化モリブデン、四フッ化エチレン樹脂等が、また強化剤としてはガラス粉末、ガラス繊維、炭素粉末、炭素繊維、アラミド繊維等が挙げられる。
【0027】
これら自己潤滑性を有する合成樹脂は、ブロック状あるいはプレート状の成形物を金属などの裏材に穿った凹部にその一部を突出させて埋設して使用したり、裏材表面に接着またはビス止めして使用したり、あるいは裏材表面に薄膜として被着させて使用するなど様々な適用形態が採られる。
【0028】
この薄膜タイプのものとしては、鋼板上に銅合金の多孔質焼結層を設け、この焼結層上に自己潤滑性を有する合成樹脂を供給して加圧、加熱焼成して樹脂薄膜を被着形成させた複層摺動部材、あるいは鋼などの裏材表面に直接上記合成樹脂の硬化被膜としたもの、たとえばダイキン工業社製の四フッ化エチレン樹脂の溶剤分散タイプ(商品名ポリフロンTFEエナメル)を塗着し、焼付けを行なって硬化被膜を形成させたもの、などがあり、いずれも有効に使用し得るものである。
【0029】
つぎに、前記の一方の部材に相対向する他方の部材のすべり面の被着膜を構成するエポキシ樹脂とエポキシ基を有する反応性シリコーンオイルとからなる組成物について述べる。
【0030】
この発明に使用するエポキシ樹脂としては、市販されている公知のものが使用でき、たとえば油化シエルエポキシ社製の液状エポキシ樹脂(商品名エピコート828)は、有効に使用されるものの一つである。
【0031】
エポキシ基を有する反応性シリコーンオイルとしては、ジメチルシリコーンオイル、メチルフェニルシリコーンオイルのメチル基の一部をエポキシ基を有する有機基で置換したものであって、側鎖にエポキシ基を有し、かつエポキシ当量が1000以下好ましくは150〜1000のシリコーンオイルが使用される。たとえば、ジメチルシリコーンオイルの側鎖にエポキシ基を導入した、信越化学工業社製のエポキシ変性シリコーンオイル(KF−101(商品名)エポキシ当量350)が挙げられる。その配合量はエポキシ樹脂100重量部に対して2〜100重量部である。
【0032】
硬化剤としては、従来よりエポキシ樹脂の硬化剤として用いられているものが使用できるが、アミン系、酸無水物系の硬化剤が好ましく使用される。アミン系の硬化剤としては、脂肪族アミン、脂環族アミン、芳香族アミンおよびこれらを変性したものが挙げられる。たとえば油化シエルエポキシ社製の変性脂肪族アミン「エピキュアT(商品名)」、変性脂環族アミン「エピキュア113(商品名)」、変性芳香族アミン「エピキュアW(商品名)」が挙げられる。
酸無水物系の硬化剤としては、脂肪族、脂環族、芳香族、ハロゲン系のものが挙げられる。たとえば油化シエルエポキシ社製の「エピキュア134A」などである。硬化剤の配合量はエポキシ樹脂100重量部に対して0.5〜250重量部であるが、その配合量はエポキシ樹脂およびエポキシ変性シリコーンオイルのエポキシ当量によって決まる。
【0033】
被着膜の形成方法について述べる。
エポキシ樹脂100重量部、エポキシ基を有する反応性シリコーンオイル2〜100重量部を有機溶剤に溶かしたのち、硬化剤0.5〜250重量部を溶かすか、またはエポキシ樹脂100重量部を有機溶剤に溶かしたのち、反応性シリコーンオイル2〜100重量部および硬化剤0.5〜250重量部を溶かし、固形分30重量%の溶液を調製した。
有機溶剤としては、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン等のケトン類およびこれらとアルコール類、トルエン、キシレン等の芳香族炭化水素系溶剤との混合物が好適に用いられる。
【0034】
これを、ショットブラスト、脱脂など通常一般に行なわれている処理を施した鋼表面に塗着し、自然乾燥または80℃で30分間乾燥して溶剤を飛ばし、ついで180℃で30分間焼成を行ない、固化した被着膜を得た。この被着膜の厚さは約30μmであった。
【0035】
このエポキシ基を有する反応性シリコーンオイルは、上述した焼成過程でエポキシ樹脂の硬化に併行してシリコーンオイル中のエポキシ官能基が反応して、組成物中において三次元網状構造を形成する。この三次元網状化はシリコン同志だけでなく、エポキシ樹脂との間にも結合がなされているものと考えられる。
【0036】
以上述べたように、エポキシ基を有する反応性シリコーンオイルは、ベース樹脂としてのエポキシ樹脂中に三次元網状構造を形成して完全に取込まれ、被着膜に自己潤滑性が付与される。この三次元網状構造化したシリコーンオイルは、もはや油状を呈しない。
【0037】
たとえば、上述したエポキシ変性シリコーンオイルKF−101(商品名)は、25℃で2,000センチストークスの粘度を有する粘稠な油状物であるが、これに硬化剤を加えて加熱するとほとんど粘りのないゼリー状の半固形物となることからも理解できる。このものはオイル状ではないが、依然として潤滑性を保有している。
【0038】
以上の事例においては、エポキシ樹脂にエポキシ基を有する反応性シリコーンオイルを混ぜた組成物についてのみ述べたが、この二者の混合攪拌時に、強化充填材などの第三の物質をさらに添加してもよい。ただし、吹着けなどの塗膜形成工程において、作業性に支障を来たすことのない物質および添加量であることが必要である。
【0039】
この発明において、エポキシ樹脂にエポキシ基を有する反応性シリコーンオイルを混ぜてなる組成物は、溶剤稀釈の状態で吹着けなどの手段によって金属などの表面に塗着されるが、このシリコーンオイルが塗膜形成に悪影響を与えるのではないか、硬化被膜の下地との接着強度を低下させるのではないかということが懸念された。
【0040】
しかしながら、種々実験の結果エポキシ基を有する反応性シリコーンオイルの混入量が2〜100重量部の範囲においては、硬化後の被膜の接着強度(下地金属は機械構造用炭素鋼S45C、圧縮剪断強さkgf/cmで評価した)は、80〜30kgf/cmであり、通常この種の摺動を目的とした用途において、上述の接着強度は20〜30kgf/cm以上であれば問題ないといわれている範囲を上回るものであった。
【0041】
これは、この発明による組成物が溶剤稀釈の状態で下地表面に塗着された段階、そしてそれに続く加熱硬化の過程で組成物中のエポキシ樹脂が他の成分に優先して下地界面に移行し、したがって表面側すなわちすべり面側はシリコーンリッチとなり、このような態様で接着層が形成されるためと考えられる。
【0042】
なお、この塗膜形成に先立って、通常行なわれるプライマー処理は、この発明の塗膜形成に際しても有効なものである。
【0043】
この発明においては、硬化被膜厚さは30μm前後とすることが好ましい。あまり薄いと、たとえば5μm以下では被膜の均質性が損なわれたり、すべり面としての耐久性に影響が出て来る。
【0044】
また、あまり厚過ぎると被膜の機械的強度を反って損なうことになり、また摺動材料としての耐荷重性にもよい影響を与えない。
【0045】
したがって被膜厚さは、5〜100μm、とくに10〜50μm、もっとも好ましくは20〜40μmである。
【0046】
【実施例】
1.摺動部材
(A)ガラス繊維粉末として、直径10μm、平均長さ63μmの旭ファイバグラス社製「MF06JB1−20(商品名)」15重量%、ポリイミド樹脂粉末として、Lenzing社製「P84(商品名)」2重量%、残部三井デュポンフロロケミカル社製四フッ化エチレン樹脂「テフロン7AJ(商品名)」からなる樹脂組成物の成形物。直径10mm、高さ14mmのロッド状のものの端面をすべり面とした。
(B)上記ポリイミド樹脂粉末20重量%、残部上記四フッ化エチレン樹脂からなる樹脂組成物の成形物。直径10mm、高さ14mmのロッド状のものの端面をすべり面とした。
(C) 三井デュポンフロロケミカル社製四フッ化エチレン樹脂「テフロン7AJ(商品名)」15重量%、ダイキン工業社製四フッ化エチレン樹脂「ルブロンL−5(商品名)」25重量%、残部トープレン社製ポリフェニレンサルファイド「トープレンPPST−4(商品名)」からなる樹脂組成物の成形物。直径10mm、高さ14mmのロッド状のものの端面をすべり面とした。
(D)鉱油5重量%、残部ポリプラスチックス社製ポリアセタール「ジュラコンM90(商品名)」からなる樹脂組成物の成形物。直径10mm、高さ14mmのロッド状のものの端面をすべり面とした。
【0047】
2.相手部材
巾40mm、長さ280mm、厚さ10mmのプレート状の機械構造用炭素鋼S45Cを裏材とし、ショットブラスト、脱脂処理を施した面に表1に示す(a)〜(g)の成分からなる組成物のメチルイソブチルケトンとトルエンとの混合溶剤稀釈液(固形分30重量%)を吹着け、80℃で30分予備乾燥ののち180℃で30分間加熱焼付けを行ない被膜厚さ30μmとした。表中、エポキシ樹脂は、油化シエルエポキシ社製「エピコート828(商品名)、エポキシ当量:190」を、シリコーンオイルA、Bは、それぞれ側鎖にエポキシ基を有する信越化学工業社製「KF−101(商品名)、エポキシ当量350」「X−22−2000(商品名)、エポキシ当量650」を、硬化剤は油化シエルエポキシ社製の変性脂環族アミン「エピキュア113(商品名)」を使用した。使用成分は重量部で示した。
(以下余白)
【0048】
【表1】

Figure 0004123585
【0049】
3.試験機エアシリンダーによって上下方向に負荷をかけることができる加圧部と、サーボモーターによって所定のモードの水平方向の押し引きができる可動水平支持台とが組合わされていて、上下方向に所定の負荷をかけながら水平方向の押し引きによってすべりを行なわせる往復動試験機。
・上下方向最大負荷 500kgf
・水平方向最大ストローク 30cm
・水平方向最大速度 80cm/sec
【0050】
4.試験方法
直径10mm、高さ14mmの摺動部材を直径方向に10mm長さにわたって把持し、その4mmを下方に突出させて試験機の加圧部に取付けた。
一方、水平支持台に相手部材を締具によって取付け固定した。試験条件は以下のとおりであり、図1に試験速度波形のモデルを示す。
(試験条件)
・速度 1cm/sec〜50cm/sec
・荷重 100kgf/cm〜400kgf/cm
・試験ストローク 220mm
・試験速度波形 台形波
【0051】
5.試験結果
表2及び表3は、摺動部材と相手部材との各組合わせについて、すべり速度を1cm/secと一定とし、負荷を100〜400kgf/cmの範囲で変えた場合の動摩擦係数について示したものである。エポキシ基を有する反応性シリコーンオイルの配合量が2重量部を超えると摩擦係数に及ぼす効果は顕著であることが分る。
(以下余白)
【0052】
【表2】
Figure 0004123585
(以下余白)
【0053】
【表3】
Figure 0004123585
【0054】
表4は、摺動部材と相手部材との各組合わせについて、負荷を200kgf/cmと一定とし、すべり速度を10〜50cm/secの範囲で変えた場合の動摩擦係数について示したものである。
(以下余白)
【0055】
【表4】
Figure 0004123585
【0056】
速度の増加にともなって、動摩擦係数は右肩上りの上昇を示す。これは、本発明例と比較例とともに認められるが、本発明例のものはその傾向は僅かであった。そして、動摩擦係数の値が極めて小さいという特徴がある。
【0057】
図2は、本発明例A−bの組合わせのものと、比較例A−gの組合わせのものについて、負荷を300kgf/cm、すべり速度は1cm/secの条件で、その負荷保持時間が動摩擦係数(μk)、静摩擦係数(μs)に及ぼす影響についてプロットしたものである。図の横軸は対数目盛で表わしてある。
【0058】
図からも分かるように、本発明例のものはμs、μkともにその値が小さく、しかも両者が接近しておりかつ保持時間による変化が極めて僅かであった。
【0059】
比較例のものについては、保持時間10時間後のμsの値が異常に低下しているが、この理由については詳かでない。しかし、全体的にμsの値は0.1以上と大きく、しかもμs、μkの差も大きい。このことは、比較例のものにおいてはすべり時にスティックスリップを生じ易く、音の発生の原因ともなる。本発明例の組合わせにおいては、このようなことは全く生じない。
【0060】
なお、以上の試験結果については、摩耗に関しては触れなかったが、本発明例の摺動部材の摩耗量(mg)は比較例の摺動部材の摩耗量(mg)の数十分の一から百分の一と極めて小さかった。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】この発明の試験に使用した往復動試験機の試験速度波形のモデルの説明図である。
【図2】試験結果を示すグラフである。
【符号の説明】
μs 静摩擦係数
μk 動摩擦係数[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a combination of a sliding member and a mating member. In particular, the present invention relates to a combination of a sliding member and a mating member, characterized in that the sliding surfaces of two members consisting of a sliding member and a mating member that slide opposite each other are both synthetic resins.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Sliding members, especially those made of synthetic resin, include bearings, cams, gears, retainers, liners, sliding bearings used in structures, and cable conduits used for transmission of operating force used in vehicles such as vehicles. is there.
[0003]
And generally as metal members, such as steel, are used as the other member with respect to these sliding members.
[0004]
However, for various purposes or necessity, a mating member facing the synthetic resin sliding member, or a sliding member and mating member characterized in that at least its sliding surface is a synthetic resin, and the sliding between the resins is characterized. There is also a combination mode.
[0005]
For example, a combination of a synthetic resin-coated steel shaft and a synthetic resin bearing, a combination of synthetic resin gears, a synthetic resin pipe, and a synthetic resin that is inserted into and pushed or pulled There are various types such as a control cable that consists of a combination with a wire rope coated with.
[0006]
As synthetic resins used, polyesters such as polyamide, polyoxymethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, and polybutylene terephthalate, polyphenylene sulfide, polyurethane, fluororesin, and phenol resin are the most general-purpose ones.
[0007]
Among these, in particular, fluororesins, especially tetrafluoroethylene resins are well known as materials having a low coefficient of friction, and are widely used in various forms as sliding materials.
[0008]
In general, since low friction materials have a difficulty in wear resistance, various means for improving wear resistance have been taken.
[0009]
For tetrafluoroethylene resin, blend with other abrasion-resistant synthetic resins, mix graphite and glass powder, adhere as a thin film on the back metal, and fiber form of tetrafluoroethylene resin. Means are taken such as forming a sliding surface by mixing or interweaving with other organic or inorganic fibers.
[0010]
Among these reforming means, although wear resistance and mechanical strength can be improved, there are cases in which the low friction characteristic inherent in the tetrafluoroethylene resin is slightly sacrificed.
[0011]
On the other hand, various devices have been made for the mating member facing the synthetic resin sliding member.
[0012]
When the mating member is a metal material such as steel, the surface roughness should be reduced as much as possible, hard chrome plating, or surface treatment such as nitriding or sulfidizing should be applied to slide the tetrafluoride. Facilitating transfer of ethylene resin to the counterpart material, microscopically expecting or embodying slippage between the tetrafluoroethylene resin and tetrafluoroethylene resin, and reducing friction coefficient Has been adopted.
[0013]
By the way, for various purposes and necessity, such as rust prevention, chemical resistance, electrical insulation and other weight reduction, noise reduction and other design requirements, the mating member itself is made of synthetic resin or at least its sliding surface is made of synthetic resin. There are cases where measures are taken.
[0014]
In the case where the slip surface is a combination of a synthetic resin and a synthetic resin, there are various problems.
[0015]
For example, even in a tetrafluoroethylene resin known to have a low coefficient of friction, it is difficult to make the static coefficient of friction 0.1 or less when sliding under dry friction conditions.
[0016]
Even if various material modifications are made, a synthetic resin as a counterpart material is examined and selected, and the friction condition is limited to a low sliding speed region, it is almost impossible to make the static friction coefficient 0.08 or less.
[0017]
Therefore, when a lubricant can be applied, it is extremely effective to place a lubricant such as mineral oil, synthetic lubricant or grease on the slip surface between the synthetic resin and both the static and dynamic friction coefficients. Can be reduced.
[0018]
However, when the sliding surface is made of a combination of synthetic resin and synthetic resin, if the sliding surface is under load and does not always operate, the sliding surface will be It is easy to cause microscopic sag in the synthetic resin. This can be achieved by breaking the lubricant film of the lubricating oil intervening there or by squeezing it out of the sliding system. Invite no situation.
[0019]
For example, when the load is particularly large and the sliding operation is not performed at all times, the support part such as a window or fire door that is opened and closed by a sensor signal in the event of a fire or the structure of a structure in response to earthquake motion In a sliding part such as a bearing having a function of releasing the displacement by sliding, an appropriate and effective low friction sliding in an emergency cannot be obtained.
[0020]
In general, even if the lubricating film of the lubricating oil intervening on the sliding surface is squeezed out and is exhausted or broken, for example, when an oil-impregnated sliding member is used, this sliding repeatedly Lubricating oil is newly supplied to the sliding surface, or the lubricating film breakage part is self-repaired, and there may be no practical problems, but there are cases where this sliding cannot be repeated repeatedly as in the applications described above. is there.
[0021]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention provides a lubricating film that is not squeezed from a sliding surface or broken on the sliding surface in a combination of a sliding member and a mating member characterized by sliding between synthetic resins. The member which has is provided. Then, the present invention provides a member that performs accurate and effective low friction sliding when slipping is required.
[0022]
A combination of a sliding member and a mating member that best exhibits such characteristics is disclosed.
[0023]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Of the two members consisting of a sliding member and a mating member that slide against each other, the present invention relates to a member in which one member or at least the sliding surface of the member is made of a synthetic resin having self-lubricating properties. As a result of earnest research on the material composition of the other member and the aspect of slip surface formation, the first gist of the two members is that the sliding member and the mating member that slide opposite each other One member or at least the sliding surface of the member is made of a synthetic resin having self-lubricating properties, and the sliding surface of the opposite member is at least an epoxy equivalent having an epoxy group in the side chain with an epoxy resin. Is composed of a coating film of a composition comprising 1000 or less reactive silicone oils, and the reactive silicone oils in the composition It consists in the combination structure of the sliding member and the mating member which is characterized in that it forms a dimension network.
[0024]
And the second gist of the present invention consists of two members consisting of a sliding member and a mating member that slide against each other, and one member or at least the sliding surface of the member has a self-lubricating property. In preparing a combination of resins, 100 parts by weight of epoxy resin, 2 to 100 parts by weight of reactive silicone oil having an epoxy equivalent of 1000 or less in the side chain, and an amine or acid anhydride curing agent. A solution obtained by dissolving 5 to 250 parts by weight in an organic solvent is applied to the surface of the other member facing the sliding surface of one member to form a coating on the surface, and this coating is heated. The present invention resides in a method for producing a combined structure of a sliding member and a mating member, wherein the reactive silicone oil having an epoxy group is cured to form a three-dimensional network structure.
[0025]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. First, a description will be given of one member or a synthetic resin having a self-lubricating property constituting at least a sliding surface of the two members composed of a sliding member and a mating member that slide against each other.
[0026]
As this synthetic resin having self-lubricating properties, a single resin such as polyolefin, polyacetal, polybutylene terephthalate, polyphenylene sulfide, fluororesin, or a mixture of these with a lubricant and a reinforcing agent can be used.
Examples of the lubricating oil include lubricating oil, grease, wax, graphite, molybdenum disulfide, and tetrafluoroethylene resin. Examples of the reinforcing agent include glass powder, glass fiber, carbon powder, carbon fiber, and aramid fiber.
[0027]
These self-lubricating synthetic resins can be used by embedding a part of a block or plate-like molded product in a recess formed in a backing material such as metal, or by bonding or screwing to the surface of the backing material. Various application forms can be adopted such as use after being stopped, or by being used as a thin film on the backing surface.
[0028]
In this thin film type, a porous sintered layer of a copper alloy is provided on a steel plate, a synthetic resin having self-lubricating properties is supplied on the sintered layer, and the resin thin film is covered by pressurization and heat firing. A multilayered sliding member formed on the surface or a cured coating of the above synthetic resin directly on the surface of a backing material such as steel, for example, a solvent dispersion type of tetrafluoroethylene resin (trade name: Polyflon TFE enamel, manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.) ) Is applied and baked to form a cured film, and any of them can be used effectively.
[0029]
Next, a composition comprising an epoxy resin constituting an adherent film on the sliding surface of the other member facing the one member and a reactive silicone oil having an epoxy group will be described.
[0030]
As the epoxy resin used in the present invention, known commercially available ones can be used. For example, liquid epoxy resin (trade name Epicoat 828) manufactured by Yuka Shell Epoxy Co., Ltd. is one of those that are effectively used. .
[0031]
As the reactive silicone oil having an epoxy group, a part of methyl group of dimethyl silicone oil and methylphenyl silicone oil is substituted with an organic group having an epoxy group, having an epoxy group in a side chain, and Silicone oil having an epoxy equivalent of 1000 or less, preferably 150 to 1000 is used. For example, an epoxy-modified silicone oil (KF-101 (trade name) epoxy equivalent 350) manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., in which an epoxy group is introduced into the side chain of dimethyl silicone oil can be mentioned. The amount is 2 to 100 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the epoxy resin.
[0032]
As the curing agent, those conventionally used as curing agents for epoxy resins can be used, but amine-based and acid anhydride-based curing agents are preferably used. Examples of amine-based curing agents include aliphatic amines, alicyclic amines, aromatic amines, and modified ones thereof. Examples include modified aliphatic amines “Epicure T (trade name)”, modified alicyclic amines “Epicure 113 (trade name)”, and modified aromatic amines “Epicure W (trade name)” manufactured by Yuka Shell Epoxy. .
Examples of the acid anhydride-based curing agent include aliphatic, alicyclic, aromatic, and halogen-based ones. For example, “Epicure 134A” manufactured by Yuka Shell Epoxy Co., Ltd. Although the compounding quantity of a hardening | curing agent is 0.5-250 weight part with respect to 100 weight part of epoxy resins, the compounding quantity is decided by the epoxy equivalent of an epoxy resin and an epoxy-modified silicone oil.
[0033]
A method for forming a deposited film will be described.
After 100 parts by weight of epoxy resin and 2 to 100 parts by weight of reactive silicone oil having an epoxy group are dissolved in an organic solvent, 0.5 to 250 parts by weight of the curing agent is dissolved, or 100 parts by weight of epoxy resin is dissolved in an organic solvent. After dissolution, 2 to 100 parts by weight of reactive silicone oil and 0.5 to 250 parts by weight of curing agent were dissolved to prepare a solution having a solid content of 30% by weight.
As the organic solvent, ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone, and mixtures thereof with aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as alcohols, toluene and xylene are preferably used.
[0034]
This is applied to a steel surface that has been subjected to treatments generally performed such as shot blasting and degreasing, and is naturally dried or dried at 80 ° C. for 30 minutes to blow off the solvent, and then fired at 180 ° C. for 30 minutes. A solidified deposition film was obtained. The thickness of this deposited film was about 30 μm.
[0035]
In the reactive silicone oil having an epoxy group, the epoxy functional group in the silicone oil reacts with the curing of the epoxy resin in the baking process described above to form a three-dimensional network structure in the composition. This three-dimensional reticulation is considered to be linked not only to silicon but also to epoxy resin.
[0036]
As described above, the reactive silicone oil having an epoxy group is completely taken in by forming a three-dimensional network structure in the epoxy resin as the base resin, and the self-lubricating property is imparted to the deposited film. This three-dimensional network-structured silicone oil no longer exhibits oil.
[0037]
For example, the above-mentioned epoxy-modified silicone oil KF-101 (trade name) is a viscous oil having a viscosity of 2,000 centistokes at 25 ° C., but when added with a curing agent and heated, it becomes almost viscous. It can also be understood from the fact that it is not a jelly-like semi-solid. This is not oily but still retains lubricity.
[0038]
In the above cases, only the composition in which the reactive silicone oil having an epoxy group is mixed with the epoxy resin has been described, but a third substance such as a reinforcing filler is further added during the mixing and stirring of the two. Also good. However, in the coating film forming process such as spraying, it is necessary that the substance and the amount added do not hinder the workability.
[0039]
In the present invention, a composition obtained by mixing an epoxy resin with a reactive silicone oil having an epoxy group is applied to the surface of a metal or the like by spraying or the like in a solvent diluted state. There was concern that it might adversely affect film formation or reduce the adhesive strength of the cured coating with the substrate.
[0040]
However, as a result of various experiments, when the mixing amount of the reactive silicone oil having an epoxy group is in the range of 2 to 100 parts by weight, the adhesive strength of the coating after curing (the base metal is carbon steel S45C for mechanical structure, compressive shear strength) were evaluated in kgf / cm 2) is a 80~30kgf / cm 2, typically in applications for the purpose of sliding of this kind, the adhesive strength of the above when no problem as long 20~30kgf / cm 2 or more It was more than what was said.
[0041]
This is because the epoxy resin in the composition is transferred to the base interface in preference to the other components in the stage in which the composition according to the present invention is applied to the base surface in a solvent diluted state, and in the subsequent heat curing process. Therefore, it is considered that the surface side, that is, the sliding surface side is rich in silicone, and the adhesive layer is formed in such a manner.
[0042]
In addition, the primer treatment usually performed prior to the formation of the coating film is also effective for forming the coating film of the present invention.
[0043]
In the present invention, the cured film thickness is preferably about 30 μm. If it is too thin, for example, if it is 5 μm or less, the homogeneity of the coating is impaired, or the durability as a sliding surface is affected.
[0044]
On the other hand, if it is too thick, the mechanical strength of the coating will be lost and the load resistance as a sliding material will not be affected.
[0045]
Accordingly, the film thickness is 5 to 100 μm, particularly 10 to 50 μm, and most preferably 20 to 40 μm.
[0046]
【Example】
1. As a sliding member (A) glass fiber powder, 15% by weight “MF06JB1-20 (trade name)” manufactured by Asahi Fiber Glass Co., Ltd. having a diameter of 10 μm and an average length of 63 μm, and “P84” (trade name) manufactured by Lenzing as polyimide resin powder. ) "2% by weight, the molded product of the resin composition comprising the remaining tetrafluoroethylene resin" Teflon 7AJ (trade name) "manufactured by Mitsui DuPont Fluorochemicals. The end face of a rod-shaped member having a diameter of 10 mm and a height of 14 mm was used as a slip surface.
(B) A molded product of a resin composition comprising 20% by weight of the polyimide resin powder and the balance being the tetrafluoroethylene resin. The end face of a rod-shaped member having a diameter of 10 mm and a height of 14 mm was used as a slip surface.
(C) Mitsui DuPont Fluorochemicals, Inc. tetrafluoroethylene resin “Teflon 7AJ (trade name)” 15% by weight, Daikin Industries, Ltd. tetrafluoroethylene resin “Lublon L-5 (trade name)” 25% by weight, balance A molded product of a resin composition comprising polyphenylene sulfide “Toprene PPST-4 (trade name)” manufactured by Toprene. The end face of a rod-shaped member having a diameter of 10 mm and a height of 14 mm was used as a slip surface.
(D) Molded product of resin composition consisting of 5% by weight of mineral oil and the remainder polyacetal “Duracon M90 (trade name)” manufactured by Polyplastics. The end face of a rod-shaped member having a diameter of 10 mm and a height of 14 mm was used as a slip surface.
[0047]
2. Components (a) to (g) shown in Table 1 on the surface subjected to shot blasting and degreasing treatment using a plate-like carbon steel for mechanical structure S45C having a mating member width of 40 mm, a length of 280 mm and a thickness of 10 mm as a backing. Sprayed with a mixed solvent dilute solution (solid content 30% by weight) of methyl isobutyl ketone and toluene of the composition consisting of the following, followed by preliminary drying at 80 ° C. for 30 minutes, followed by heat baking at 180 ° C. for 30 minutes, and a film thickness of 30 μm did. In the table, the epoxy resin is “Epicoat 828 (trade name), epoxy equivalent: 190” manufactured by Yuka Shell Epoxy, and the silicone oils A and B are “KF” manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. each having an epoxy group in the side chain. -101 (trade name), epoxy equivalent 350 "" X-22-2000 (trade name), epoxy equivalent 650 ", the curing agent is a modified alicyclic amine" EpiCure 113 (trade name) "manufactured by Yuka Shell Epoxy Co., Ltd. "It was used. The components used are shown in parts by weight.
(The following margin)
[0048]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004123585
[0049]
3. A pressurizing unit that can apply a load in the vertical direction by the test machine air cylinder and a movable horizontal support base that can push and pull in a horizontal direction in a predetermined mode by a servo motor are combined in a predetermined load in the vertical direction. A reciprocating tester that slides by pushing and pulling in the horizontal direction while applying pressure.
・ Maximum load in the vertical direction 500kgf
・ Horizontal maximum stroke 30cm
・ Maximum horizontal direction speed 80cm / sec
[0050]
4). Test Method A sliding member having a diameter of 10 mm and a height of 14 mm was gripped over a length of 10 mm in the diameter direction, and 4 mm of the sliding member was protruded downward and attached to the pressurizing part of the testing machine.
On the other hand, the mating member was attached and fixed to the horizontal support with a fastener. The test conditions are as follows, and FIG. 1 shows a model of the test speed waveform.
(Test conditions)
・ Speed: 1cm / sec to 50cm / sec
・ Load 100 kgf / cm 2 to 400 kgf / cm 2
・ Test stroke 220mm
Test speed waveform trapezoidal wave [0051]
5. Test results Tables 2 and 3 show the dynamic friction coefficient when the sliding speed is constant at 1 cm / sec and the load is changed in the range of 100 to 400 kgf / cm 2 for each combination of the sliding member and the mating member. It is shown. It can be seen that when the amount of the reactive silicone oil having an epoxy group exceeds 2 parts by weight, the effect on the friction coefficient is significant.
(The following margin)
[0052]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004123585
(The following margin)
[0053]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004123585
[0054]
Table 4 shows the dynamic friction coefficient when the load is constant at 200 kgf / cm 2 and the sliding speed is changed in the range of 10 to 50 cm / sec for each combination of the sliding member and the mating member. .
(The following margin)
[0055]
[Table 4]
Figure 0004123585
[0056]
As the speed increases, the dynamic coefficient of friction shows an upward increase. This is recognized together with the inventive example and the comparative example, but the tendency of the inventive example was slight. And it has the characteristic that the value of a dynamic friction coefficient is very small.
[0057]
FIG. 2 shows the load holding time for the combination of the inventive example A-b and the combination of the comparative example A-g under the conditions of a load of 300 kgf / cm 2 and a sliding speed of 1 cm / sec. Is a plot of the effect on the dynamic friction coefficient (μk) and static friction coefficient (μs). The horizontal axis of the figure is represented by a logarithmic scale.
[0058]
As can be seen from the figure, both the values of μs and μk of the example of the present invention were small, both were close to each other, and the change due to the holding time was very small.
[0059]
For the comparative example, the value of μs after 10 hours of holding time is abnormally lowered, but the reason is not detailed. However, the overall value of μs is as large as 0.1 or more, and the difference between μs and μk is also large. This is likely to cause stick slip at the time of sliding in the comparative example, and also causes sound generation. This does not occur at all in the combination of the examples of the present invention.
[0060]
Although the above test results did not relate to wear, the wear amount (mg) of the sliding member of the present invention example was from a few tenths of the wear amount (mg) of the sliding member of the comparative example. It was extremely small, one hundredth.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a model of a test speed waveform of a reciprocating test machine used for a test according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing test results.
[Explanation of symbols]
μs Static friction coefficient μk Dynamic friction coefficient

Claims (2)

相対向してすべり合う摺動部材と相手部材とから成る二つの部材からなり、その一方の部材または少なくともその部材のすべり面が自己潤滑性を有する合成樹脂から成り、相対する他方の部材のすべり面は、少なくとも、エポキシ樹脂と側鎖にエポキシ基を有するエポキシ当量が1000以下の反応性シリコーンオイルとから成る組成物の被着膜から成っていて、この反応性シリコーンオイルが組成物中において三次元網状構造を形成していることを特徴とした摺動部材と相手部材との組合わせ構造。  It consists of two members consisting of a sliding member and a mating member that slide against each other, and one member or at least the sliding surface of the member is made of a synthetic resin having self-lubricating properties, and the other member slides The surface comprises at least a deposited film of a composition comprising an epoxy resin and a reactive silicone oil having an epoxy equivalent in the side chain and having an epoxy equivalent of 1000 or less, and this reactive silicone oil is tertiary in the composition. A combined structure of a sliding member and a mating member, characterized by forming a former net-like structure. 被着膜の組成物は、エポキシ樹脂100重量部とエポキシ基を有する反応性シリコーンオイル2〜100重量部とアミン系または酸無水物系硬化剤0.5〜250重量部とからなっている請求項1に記載の摺動部材と相手部材との組合わせ構造。  The composition of the deposited film comprises 100 parts by weight of an epoxy resin, 2 to 100 parts by weight of a reactive silicone oil having an epoxy group, and 0.5 to 250 parts by weight of an amine or acid anhydride curing agent. Item 10. A combined structure of the sliding member according to Item 1 and a mating member.
JP22216998A 1997-08-13 1998-08-05 Combination structure of sliding member and mating member Expired - Lifetime JP4123585B2 (en)

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JP3932619B2 (en) * 1997-09-12 2007-06-20 オイレス工業株式会社 Lubricating paint
JP4164915B2 (en) * 1998-10-12 2008-10-15 オイレス工業株式会社 Sliding structure combining two sliding members and sliding bearing device using the same
TW553999B (en) 1999-07-09 2003-09-21 Nippon Pillar Packing Seismic isolation sliding support bearing system
TWI506211B (en) 2009-04-27 2015-11-01 Nippon Steel & Sumikin Eng Co Slippage structure, bearing apparatus, and seismically isolated structure
JP6361636B2 (en) * 2015-11-18 2018-07-25 コニカミノルタ株式会社 Manufacturing method of sliding member
JP7105693B2 (en) * 2016-08-08 2022-07-25 Nokクリューバー株式会社 lubricating grease composition
JP6903997B2 (en) * 2017-03-28 2021-07-14 コニカミノルタ株式会社 Manufacturing method of sliding member for fixing device, fixing device, image forming device and sliding member for fixing device

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