JP4119548B2 - Slope stabilization method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, for example, a slope of a mountain along a road or a railway, a slope formed by cutting a natural ground, a retaining wall, etc. (hereinafter collectively referred to as a slope) is pressed against a slope by pressing a pressure receiving plate with tension of an anchor. It relates to the slope stabilization method to be stabilized.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, this type of slope stabilization method is advantageous for safety and vegetation during construction. Therefore, after laying a wire mesh on the slope and placing an anchor on the slope, the anchor is engaged on the wire mesh. The pressure receiving plate is installed and the anchor is tensioned to press and fix the pressure receiving plate to the slope.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, when the pressure receiving plate is pressed and fixed to the inclined surface as described above to stabilize the inclined surface, if the inclined surface that the pressure receiving plate is in contact with via the metal mesh has unevenness, the stress is not applied to the pressure receiving plate sufficiently. The slope stabilization effect cannot be expected.
[0004]
As one method for coping with such a problem, it is conceivable that a pressure receiving plate made of a precast concrete frame, for example, is attached after a mortar is placed on a slope corresponding to the installation region of the pressure receiving plate to make it flat. However, the work of flattening the installation area of the pressure receiving plate with mortar is troublesome and difficult to flatten to such an extent that the entire lower surface of the pressure receiving plate is in close contact.
[0005]
As another method, a hollow frame having a sheet-like member deformable on the lower surface as a pressure receiving plate and having a reinforcing bar inside is used, and this frame is engaged with an anchor and installed on a wire mesh, and then the frame It is conceivable that the sheet-like member is made to follow the unevenness of the slope through the wire net by filling and pressing the mortar inside. However, since the metal mesh is relatively high in rigidity and is laid on the slope, a tensile force acts on it, so that it is difficult to deform the wire mesh corresponding to the concave portion of the slope so that it closely contacts the slope. is there. For this reason, in this construction method, a cavity remains on the lower side of the metal mesh in the concave portion of the slope, and a sufficient slope stabilization effect as expected cannot be obtained.
[0006]
The present invention has been made by paying attention to the above-mentioned conventional problems, and even if there are irregularities on the slope, it is possible to apply a uniform stress to the pressure receiving plate with a simple operation, and a sufficient slope stabilization effect can be obtained. It aims at providing the slope stabilization method obtained.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, in the invention according to claim 1, in the slope stabilization method for stabilizing the slope by pressing the pressure receiving plate against the slope by the tension of the anchor, the first step of placing the anchor on the slope. And a back containing a compressible and deformable porous material capable of impregnating and holding a filler in a deformable wrapping bag having air permeability on at least a part of a slope of a region where the pressure receiving plate is installed. A second step of installing the filling member; a third step of laying a wire mesh on the slope; and covering the backfill member with the wire mesh; and engaging the anchor with the pressure receiving plate on the slope. A fifth step of tensioning the anchor, and a fifth step of compressing and deforming the back-filling member so as to follow the unevenness of the slope through the pressure receiving plate and the wire mesh, and the back-filling 6th which inject | pours a filler into the inside of a member for use And having a degree, the.
[0008]
In the present invention, the backfilling member installed in the second step may be installed over the entire installation area of the pressure receiving plate or may be installed partially. Here, when installing the backfilling member over the entire installation area of the pressure receiving plate, an integrated backfilling member having a contour shape conforming to the bottom shape of the pressure receiving plate may be installed, or a plurality of backfilling members may be installed. The individual backfilling members may be arranged side by side so as to be subordinate to the bottom shape of the pressure receiving plate. Further, the wire mesh laid in the third step may be installed on the entire slope, or may be partially installed on the slope so as to include at least the installation area of the pressure receiving plate. Furthermore, the pressure receiving plate installed in the fourth step is made of various materials such as pre-cast concrete and steel that have already been proposed, and those having various shapes such as a cross and a polygon may be used. . Further, as the filler used in the sixth step, a fluid that can penetrate into the slits, small holes and the like and can solidify with time, such as cement milk or resin, can be used.
[0009]
As described in claim 1, since the backfilling member is installed between the wire mesh and the slope in the installation area of the pressure receiving plate, when the pressure receiving plate is pressed against the slope through the wire mesh, the backfilling member is It easily compresses and deforms through the wire mesh and fits into the uneven surface of the slope. Therefore, when filling material is injected into the backfilling member in this state, the packing material is formed of a material that substantially transmits only air, so that the filling material almost oozes out of the backfilling member. Rather, it penetrates uniformly into the entire material that can be compressed and deformed, and solidifies in that state. As a result, the pressure receiving plate is in close contact with the slope via the wire mesh and the solidified filler, so that even stress can be applied to the pressure receiving plate and a sufficient slope stabilizing effect can be obtained. Become. Moreover, sufficient effects can be obtained by a simple method of adding the process of installing the backfilling member prior to the laying of the wire mesh and the step of injecting the filler into the backfilling member after tension of the anchor to the conventional construction method. Can be obtained. Furthermore, since the backfilling member can be configured simply by storing a compressible and deformable substance capable of impregnating and holding a filler in a deformable wrapping bag having air permeability, it can be manufactured easily and inexpensively, In addition, since the filler hardly oozes out from the wrapping bag, the amount of the filler can be minimized, and the vicinity of the work site is not soiled. Further, if a backing member containing a porous material is used, the filler can be effectively retained.
[0011]
According to a second aspect of the invention, the slope stability method according to claim 1, as a member for-filling the back, characterized by using what the porous material comprising a plurality of porous fragments. Such a backfilling member facilitates the work of storing the porous material in the wrapping bag, and can be reused as a fragment of the porous material that has become a waste material in various fields. Since the porous piece can be used at a low cost, the construction cost can be reduced.
[0012]
The invention according to claim 3 is the slope stabilization method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the porous material is sponge, foamed urethane, pulp product or palm (such as palm family or palm family plant) as the backfilling member. 1 or two or more types of agglomerated fibers obtained from (1). Such sponges, urethane foams, pulp products or palms are useful as porous materials because they have good absorbability of the filler and can hold the filler effectively, and these materials are relatively Since it can be obtained at a low cost, the backfilling member can be inexpensive, and therefore the construction cost can be reduced. In addition to the above-mentioned palm, other known fibrous materials can be used as the porous substance as long as the filler has high absorbability and retention ability.
[0013]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the slope stabilization method according to the first aspect, as the backfilling member, a compressible and deformable substance having a large ability to absorb and permeate the filler in the wrapping bag, and the filler A material that is mixed or layered with a compressible and deformable substance having a large impregnation holding capacity is used. If such a backfilling member is used, the filler injected into the sachet can be quickly wrapped through a material having a large ability to absorb and permeate it (for example, a porous material having coarse pores). It reaches the inside and reaches a material with a high capacity to retain the filler impregnation (for example, a porous material with fine pores), so that the infiltration time of the filler can be shortened, and therefore the filling process of the filler can be accelerated. As a result, the construction period can be shortened.
[0014]
A fifth aspect of the invention is characterized in that, in the slope stabilization method according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the wrapping bag is made of a nonwoven fabric as the backfilling member. If such a backfilling member is used, it can be manufactured at a lower cost, which is more economical.
[0015]
The invention according to claim 6 is the slope stabilization method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the first step to the sixth step are repeated from the upper part to the lower part of the slope, The pressure receiving plate is sequentially fixed to the anchor from the upper part to the lower part of the slope. By adopting the so-called reverse driving method, in which the pressure receiving plate is fixed to the anchor sequentially from the top to the bottom of the slope, it is possible to work safely without leaving the slope unstable for a long time. It becomes. Of course, it is also within the scope of the present invention to perform the first to sixth steps from the bottom to the top of the slope, from right to left, or from left to right.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0017]
1 to 5 are diagrams for explaining the main part of one embodiment of the slope stabilization method according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing sequential steps, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram, and FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a plan view of a pressure receiving plate, and FIG. 5 is a plan view of a backfilling member. In this embodiment, the slope is stabilized by a so-called reverse driving method in which the pressure receiving plate is anchored sequentially from the upper part to the lower part of the slope.
[0018]
First, as shown in FIG. 1, an anchor 2 is driven from the upper part of the slope 1 to a natural ground by a known method (first step). Next, in a predetermined position on the slope 1 of this natural ground, for back-filling in a shape conforming to the bottom surface shape of the pressure receiving plate 4, or a shape conforming to the bottom surface shape, or only a part of the installation region of the pressure receiving plate 4 The member 3 is installed (second step). Thereafter, the wire mesh 7 is laid so as to cover the installation area of the pressure receiving plate 4 on which the backfilling member 3 is installed (third step). Laying the wire mesh can be performed by placing a flat wire mesh of a predetermined size on the backfilling member 3, but as another method, it may be performed by widening the lath or in a roll shape. This may be done by spreading a rolled wire mesh. Further, the laying of the wire mesh may be performed for each individual anchor, or the lath is expanded after the installation of the backfilling member 3 for a plurality of anchors arranged in advance in the lateral direction on the slope, or You may carry out by extending a roll metal-mesh.
[0019]
Next, the tip end portion of the anchor 2 is passed through the through hole 4b of the pressure receiving plate 4, and the pressure receiving plate 4 made of a precast concrete frame is installed (fourth step). Thereafter, the tip of the anchor 2 is coupled to a known anchor head unit 5, and the anchor 2 is tensioned via the pressure receiving plate 4 by the operation of the anchor head unit 5. The filling member 3 is compressed and deformed so as to follow the unevenness of the slope 1 (fifth step).
[0020]
Here, the backfilling member 3 is made of, for example, sponge, foamed urethane, pulp product, palm (eg, palm family or palm) in a deformable bag 11 having air permeability such as a nonwoven fabric having a shape similar to the pressure receiving plate 4. It is possible to use a material configured by housing a deformable porous material 12 such as a lump fiber obtained from a family plant. Further, the backfilling member 3 is almost the same size as the pressure receiving plate 4 having the through hole 3a of the anchor 2 as shown in FIG. 5 when the pressure receiving plate 4 has a cross shape as shown in FIG. The pressure receiving plate 4 is arranged as a cross shape in the entire installation area of the pressure receiving plate 4, or the entire shape of the pressure receiving plate 4 is divided into pieces having a size corresponding to each arm 4a of the pressure receiving plate 4 without forming a cross shape. It can be arranged as a whole, or can be arranged only in a part of the installation area of the pressure receiving plate 4 as an arbitrary shape smaller than each arm 4a.
[0021]
2 and 3 show the porous material 12 in which a plurality of fragment-like materials are accommodated, but the backfilling member 3 in which an integral material is accommodated can also be used. In addition, as the porous material, a porous material fragment having a good permeability or permeability of the filler and a porous material fragment having a high impregnation holding ability of the filler, or a porous material having the above-mentioned properties can be used. It is also possible to use a backfilling member 3 that accommodates a material obtained by forming a material material in a plate shape instead of a piece and combining them in layers.
[0022]
In the fifth step, when the anchor 2 is tensioned and the backfilling member 3 is compressed and deformed so as to follow the unevenness of the inclined surface 1 via the pressure receiving plate 4 and the wire mesh 7, the backfilling member 3 becomes a wire mesh. Since it is installed between 7 and the slope 1, it is easily deformed and fits into the unevenness of the slope 1. Thereafter, in this state, a filler, for example, cement milk 13 is filled in the bag 11 of the backfilling member 3 (sixth step).
[0023]
In this way, when the filler 13 is injected into the sachet 11, the filler 13 uniformly penetrates the porous material 12 in the sachet 11 and solidifies with time in that state. Become. When filling the packing material 11 into the packing bag 11, for example, an injection nozzle is inserted into an appropriate portion of the packing bag 11 and injected.
[0024]
The first to sixth steps for the one pressure receiving plate 4 are repeated from the upper part to the lower part of the inclined surface, and the pressure receiving plate 4 is fixed to the anchor 2 by the so-called reverse driving method from the upper part to the lower part of the inclined surface 1. To stabilize the slope 1. In the installation of each pressure receiving plate 4, after the anchor 2 is tensioned, the anchor head portion may be covered with the cap 15 without being tensioned again, or after the filler 13 is solidified, the anchor 2 is finally The anchor head portion may be covered with the cap 15 after being strained.
[0025]
According to this embodiment, in the conventional construction method, the step of installing the backfilling member 3 prior to the laying of the wire mesh 7 and the filler 13 is injected into the backfilling member 3 after the anchor 2 is tensioned. The pressure receiving plate 4 can be reliably brought into close contact with the inclined surface 1 via the wire mesh 7 and the solidified filler 13 by a simple method of adding a process. Accordingly, since a uniform stress can be applied to the pressure receiving plate 4, a sufficient slope stabilizing effect can be obtained.
[0026]
Further, the backfilling member 3 can be manufactured easily and inexpensively, and the filler 13 hardly oozes out from the wrapping bag 11, so that the amount of filler can be minimized and economical, and in the vicinity of the work site. It will not pollute you.
[0027]
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, a precast concrete frame is used as the pressure receiving plate 4, but a material made of other materials such as steel can be used, and the shape is not limited to a cross shape, but a polygonal shape or the like. Other shapes can be used. Further, the present invention can be effectively applied not only to the stabilization of the slope but also to the reinforcement of the retaining wall.
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the slope stabilization method according to the present invention, the backfilling member is installed between the wire mesh and the slope in the installation area of the pressure receiving plate, and the backfilling member is received by the tension of the anchor. And by compressing and deforming through the metal mesh to fit the unevenness of the slope, in that state the filler is injected into the backfilling member and solidified, and the pressure plate is replaced with the metal mesh and the solidified filler. It can be made to adhere to a slope reliably. Therefore, since a uniform stress can be applied to the pressure receiving plate, a sufficient slope stabilizing effect can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing sequential steps for explaining a main part of an embodiment of a slope stabilization method according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is also a schematic view.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an example of a pressure receiving plate.
FIG. 5 is a plan view showing an example of a backfilling member.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Slope 2 Anchor 3 Backfilling member 4 Pressure receiving plate 5 Anchor head unit 7 Wire net 11 Packaging bag 12 Porous substance 13 Filler (cement milk etc.)
15 cap

Claims (6)

In a slope stabilization method for stabilizing the slope by pressing the pressure receiving plate against the slope by the tension of the anchor, a first step of placing the anchor on the slope, and at least a part of the slope of the region where the pressure receiving plate is installed On the slope, a second step of installing a backfilling member containing a compressible and deformable porous material capable of impregnating and holding a filler in a deformable wrapping bag having air permeability A third step of laying a wire mesh and covering the backfill member with the wire mesh; a fourth step of engaging the anchor and setting the pressure receiving plate on the slope; and tensioning the anchor A fifth step of compressing and deforming the backfilling member so as to follow the unevenness of the slope through the pressure receiving plate and the wire mesh, and a sixth step of injecting a filler into the backfilling member; The slope stabilization method characterized by having. The slope stabilization method according to claim 1, wherein the backfilling member is one in which the porous material is composed of a plurality of porous fragments. The slope stabilization method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the back-filling member is one in which the porous material is one or more of sponge, foamed urethane, pulp product or palm. As the backfilling member, a compressible deformable material having a large ability to absorb and permeate the filler and a compressible deformable material having a large impregnation holding ability of the filler are mixed or layered in the wrapping bag. The slope stabilization method according to claim 1, wherein a slope is used. The slope stabilization method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the backfilling member is one in which the wrapping bag is made of a nonwoven fabric. The first step to sixth step, from the top of the slope by repeating toward the bottom, claim, characterized in that to turn the fixing from the top of the slope to anchor the pressure receiving plate toward the bottom 1 to 5 The slope stabilization method as described in any one of these.

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