JP4115355B2 - Dialysate supply device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a dialysate supply apparatus, and more particularly to a dialysate supply apparatus suitable as a multi-person dialysate supply apparatus for supplying dialysate to a plurality of dialysis monitoring apparatuses.

  As a dialysate preparation method in a conventional multi-person dialysis apparatus, a batch mixing method and a continuous mixing method in which the A stock solution for dialysis, the B stock solution, and clean water for dilution are mixed at a predetermined volume ratio are generally used. In the batch mixing method, a device in which each stock solution measuring tank and a water measuring tank (mixing tank) are divided, and a device in which each stock solution measuring tank is integrated into a mixing tank are actually sold. However, in either case, the prepared dialysate is temporarily stored in a dialysate storage tank and then fed.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic equipment diagram showing a method for preparing a dialysate by such a conventional batch mixing method. In FIG. 1, 1a and 1b are A stock solution supply valves, B stock solution supply valves, 2a and 2b are A stock solution metering tanks, B stock solution metering tanks, 3a and 3b are A stock solution metering level switches, and B stock solution metering level switches. Reference numerals 4a and 4b respectively denote an A stock solution transfer valve and a B stock solution transfer valve. 5 indicates a clean water supply valve, 10 indicates a mixing tank, 11 indicates a liquid level gauge for the mixing tank, and 12 indicates a dialysate transfer valve. Reference numeral 22 denotes a dialysate reservoir, 23 a dialysate reservoir level gauge, and 24 a dialysate feed pump.

  In such a configuration, in order to continuously create and send the dialysate, the time required for preparing the dialysate in the mixing tank 10 and the transfer for transferring the prepared dialysate to the dialysate reservoir 22 Considering time etc., the dialysate storage tank 22 is enlarged to allow time for intermittent dialysate preparation, or a plurality of mixing tanks 10 are provided to create dialysate alternately. / Transfer method etc. are performed. FIG. 2 shows an example in which two mixing tanks 10 are provided.

  However, in any case, in such a batch mixing system, each tank (2, 10, 22) occupies most of the sbase in the apparatus, resulting in inconvenience that a large restriction is imposed on the arrangement of other components. . For this reason, the parts are arranged densely in a small space, which is undesirable in maintainability such as part replacement. Further, in the batch mixing method, it is necessary to open and close the automatic valve every time one batch of dialysate is prepared, and frequent opening and closing operations are required, which is a cause of early consumption of parts.

  In the case of the batch mixing method, the stagnation time of the dialysis fluid in the mixing tank and the dialysis fluid storage tank tends to be longer, and in general, the fluid tends to become contaminated if it stagnates, but the dialysis fluid is no exception. In order to maintain the cleanliness, it is desired to be able to create as continuously as possible.

  On the other hand, the continuous mixing method has an advantage over the batch mixing method in that the consumption of replacement parts such as an automatic valve seal member can be reduced.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic equipment diagram showing a conventional method for preparing a dialysis fluid by such a continuous mixing method. In FIG. 3, 5 indicates a clean water supply valve, 6 indicates a water metering cylinder, and 7 indicates a piston movement amount detector. 31a and 31b are A raw liquid dual pump cylinders, B raw liquid double pump cylinders, 32a and 32b are A raw liquid double pump pistons, B raw liquid double pump pistons, 33a and 33b are check valves of A raw liquid double piston pumps, B The check valves of the undiluted liquid pump are shown respectively. Reference numeral 34 denotes a B stock solution mixing tank, and 35 denotes an A stock solution mixing tank. As in FIG. 1, 22 is a dialysate reservoir, 23 is a dialysate reservoir level gauge, and 24 is a dialysate feed pump.

  As described above, the conventional dialysis fluid supply device for multi-person using the continuous mixing method currently sold is a reconstituted water metering cylinder for metering clean water, clean water supplied from the double water metering cylinder, and each dialysis stock solution. In general, it is composed of a double pump provided to mix the water at a predetermined ratio. However, even when such a double water metering cylinder is provided, the clean water supply valve 5 is used for cylinder switching. In reality, the frequency of valve switching is almost the same as that of the batch mixing type, and this is one of the factors that cause parts to be consumed quickly.

  In addition, since the dual pump that supplies each stock solution causes the piston to reciprocate by an eccentric cam, the supply amount of one stroke exhibits a sine curve, and the stock solution is not necessarily supplied in a constant amount. Further, since there is a concentration fluctuation corresponding to the sine curve at the time of mixing, there is also a disadvantage that a relatively large mixing tank is required to make it uniform. The supply pattern schematic time chart shown in FIG. 4 conceptually shows the characteristics of such a conventional apparatus. In order to suppress the density fluctuation accompanying such a fluctuation in the supply amount as much as possible, it is necessary to There was a drawback that a large A stock solution mixing tank and a B stock solution mixing tank were required.

  In particular, the dialysate supply apparatus for a large number of people has the following problems. That is, even when dialysate is prepared by a continuous mixing method, the number of operating dialysis monitoring devices varies during dialysis treatment, and the amount of dialysate used changes, so the ability to create dialysate is constant. In this case, since the capacity of the dialysate reservoir is limited, the number of dialysate preparation / stop operations for each component is still large even if it is smaller than the batch mixing method. If the number of start / stop operations is large, it also contributes to the early consumption of parts.

  Further, the dialysate stored in the dialysate storage tank is sent to the dialysis monitoring device by a liquid feed pump. In general, the liquid feed pump is operated continuously, and a part of the liquid feed is returned to the dialysate storage tank to prevent the clogging operation, but the number of operating dialysis monitoring devices decreases, or Even when it is not operating, this circulation operation is continued. At this time, if the amount used is small, the amount of circulation increases, and the temperature of the dialysate rises due to heat generation from the pump, for example, resulting in pH fluctuations of the dialysate.

In addition, the following patent document 1 is known as a technique relevant to the plunger pump which can be used in this invention mentioned later.
JP 2001-248543 A

The object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the conventional method and apparatus as described above, and to enable the preparation and feeding of dialysate in a continuous method with a simpler device configuration. In a dialysis fluid supply system for multi-persons that need to anticipate fluctuations in the number of operating units, the optimal amount of dialysis fluid can be suppressed while fluctuations in the concentration of the resulting dialysis fluid can be kept small while maintaining efficiency. An object of the present invention is to provide a dialysate supply device capable of producing and sending dialysate well.

  It is another object of the present invention to provide a dialysate supply device that consumes less parts and that can secure a sufficient space for maintenance and is excellent in maintainability.

  In addition, the need for many tanks required in conventional batch mixing and continuous mixing systems has been reduced as much as possible, dialysate stagnation time is minimized, and highly clean dialysate is supplied. It is an object of the present invention to provide a dialysate supply device that can be used.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a dialysate supply apparatus according to the present invention is a dialysate preparation for preparing dialysate by mixing A stock solution for dialysate and B stock solution and clean water for diluting the stock solution at a predetermined ratio. The dialysis monitoring device is provided with a means, a dialysate storage unit for storing the prepared dialysate, and a dialysate supply unit for supplying the stored dialysate to a plurality of dialysis monitoring devices arranged in parallel. In a dialysate supply apparatus for a large number of people who need to expect a change in the number of units , based on the storage amount information from the dialysate storage means, the storage amount is maintained within a predetermined range. A flow rate control valve capable of controlling the supply amount of clean water, a flow rate measuring device for measuring the supply amount of the clean water, and the supply amounts of the A and B stock solutions based on the measured values by the flow rate measuring device Control device to calculate, and A stock solution and B stock solution by the control device A variable discharge pump 1 shot discharge amount following shot ejection system 3ml for supplying A stock and B stock solution based rather predetermined amount to the supply amount calculated value, density and B stock mixture after the A stock solution mixed A concentration meter capable of detecting a subsequent concentration, and repeatedly operating the discharge amount variable pump with a one-shot discharge amount, and discharging the discharge amount variable pump based on a concentration detection value by each concentration meter By controlling the amount, the dialysate is prepared and sent substantially continuously in response to fluctuations in the number of operating dialysis monitoring devices .

In such a dialysate supply device, it is preferable that the discharge amount variable pump is a pump with a one-shot discharge amount of 5 ml or less. However, in the present invention, the discharge of a shot discharge method with a one-shot discharge amount of 3 ml or less is used. It is a variable amount pump. As such a discharge variable pump, a valveless plunger pump can be used. Among these, it is preferable to use a plunger pump in which the cylinder and the plunger are made of ceramic in terms of wear resistance of the sliding portion.

  In the dialysis fluid supply apparatus, it is preferable that two or more flow rate measuring devices for measuring the supply amount of the clean water are provided. With such a configuration, it is possible to adopt a backup configuration in the event of a failure or the like with respect to the flow rate measuring device, and it is also possible to inspect the validity and accuracy of measurement of one flow rate measuring device with the other flow rate measuring device. .

  Further, in the dialysate supply device, the dialysate storage means is provided with a liquid level gauge for detecting the dialysate storage amount. It can be set as the structure by which two upper and lower positions which are set are set. The calibration of the output of the flow meter is automatically performed by using the storage amount value detected by the liquid level gauge between the two positions and the output value of the flow meter output between the two positions. It is possible to configure to be performed.

Further, the dialysate supply device is provided with a concentration meter capable of detecting the concentration after mixing the A stock solution and the concentration after mixing the B stock solution, and based on the concentration detection value by each concentration meter, by the ejection amount is configured to be controlled, as described later, even density adjustment a stock and B stock itself be one rough, the dialysate is finally adjusted to a concentration of the target It becomes possible to adjust, and the configuration and control are simplified with respect to the density adjustment.

In the dialysate supply device according to the present invention, the following configuration can be added. That is , the dialysate liquid feeding means may have a discharge amount variable pump and a liquid pressure gauge, and a configuration in which the discharge amount variable pump is controlled so that the liquid pressure is constant can be added.

Dialysate supplying device according to the present invention is more under a simple part configuration, in a continuous manner, the creation and feeding of a given dialysate, it intends efficiently lines while suppressing the amount change and concentration change In particular, it is suitable as a dialysate supply device for a large number of people .

  Moreover, the dialysate supply apparatus according to the present invention consumes less parts, and can secure a sufficient space for maintenance, and is excellent in maintainability.

  Furthermore, in the dialysate supply apparatus according to the present invention, the stagnation time of the dialysate can be minimized because there is no need to have many tanks that were required in the conventional batch mixing system apparatus, and the cleanliness is high. The dialysate can be supplied to each supplier in the desired form.

Hereinafter, particularly the preferred embodiment of the dialysate supply apparatus according to the present invention suitable as a multiplayer dialysis liquid supply apparatus will be described with reference to the drawings.

The dialysis fluid supply device according to the present invention, particularly the dialysis fluid supply device for a large number of people, first creates a dialysis fluid by mixing A stock solution for dialysate and B stock solution and clean water for diluting the stock solution at a predetermined ratio. A dialysate preparation means, a dialysate storage means for storing the prepared dialysate, and a dialysate supply means for supplying the stored dialysate to a dialysis monitoring device, particularly a plurality of dialysis monitoring devices It is. Further, based on the flow rate measuring device for measuring the supply amount of clean water and the measured value measured by the flow rate measuring device, for example, the reading value measured by the flow rate measuring device is processed, A control device for calculating the supply amount of B stock solution, for example, a microcomputer control unit, and a shot discharge type discharge that supplies a predetermined amount of A stock solution and B stock solution in response to a control signal related to a supply amount calculation value from the microcomputer control unit It has a variable amount pump. This discharge amount variable pump is composed of, for example, a valveless plunger pump whose one-shot discharge amount is 3 ml or less. That is, by repeatedly operating with a small amount of one-shot discharge, it is possible to create a substantially continuous dialysate while keeping fluctuations small.

  Such a multi-person dialysate supply apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 5, reference numerals 36a and 36b respectively denote variable discharge pumps comprising valveless plunger pumps for discharging the A stock solution and the B stock solution. 34 is the B stock solution mixing tank, 35 is the A stock solution mixing tank, 25 is the dialysate feed pump (discharge rate variable pump), 37 is the flow control valve (automatic flow control valve), and 38 is the pressure meter. , 39 are densitometers, and 40 is a microcomputer control unit as a control device. As in FIG. 1, 5 is a clean water supply valve, 8 is a flow rate measuring device, 22 is a dialysate reservoir, and 23 is a dialysate reservoir level gauge.

The microcomputer control unit 40 issues control signals to the discharge variable pump 36a and the discharge variable pump 36b for discharging the A and B concentrates, respectively, and the discharge variable pump is constituted by a valveless plunger pump. The one-shot discharge amount is 3 ml or less and is supplied to each of the stock solution mixing tanks 34 and 35.

FIG. 6 conceptually shows a supply pattern of clean water, A, and B stock solutions in a multi-person dialysate supply apparatus having such a configuration. As is apparent from this pattern, during the continuous continuous supply of clean water, the A and B stock solutions are discharged in small amounts (less than 3 ml) by a single shot discharge amount by the discharge amount variable pump 36a and the discharge amount variable pump 36b. Since it can supply, compared with the conventional system shown in FIG. 4, each A, B stock solution can be supplied substantially continuously so that it may become a predetermined supply amount, suppressing fluctuation | variation small. In addition, due to the uniform supply rate, density fluctuations are also smaller than in the conventional method. Accordingly, each mixing tank for further uniforming the concentration can be reduced, and the volume of stagnant liquid in the apparatus can be reduced. Although it does not specifically limit in the flow measuring device 8 for reading the supply amount of clean water, For example, an eddy current type flow sensor etc. can be used preferably. Thereby, it can be set as a structure which is simple and does not have an operation part, and it becomes unnecessary to replace | exchange consumable parts or to improve durability significantly.

  With such a simple device, it is possible to accurately measure the flow rate of clean water. However, since there are instantaneous flow rate fluctuations, when supplying dialysis A and B stock solutions, the discharge rate can be instantaneously adjusted. It must be changed to maintain the mixing ratio. Also in this regard, it is very effective to use a valveless plunger pump when supplying the dialysis A and B stock solutions.

In other words, a valveless plunger pump is usually composed of a cylinder and a piston, and has a specific flat portion at the tip of the piston, and the piston rotates and slides to discharge each shot at a predetermined discharge amount. It was made to let you. Therefore, by using such a valveless plunger pump, it is possible to intermittently discharge the A and B stock solutions little by little, and each shot discharge amount is small, and the discharge interval is substantially reduced. Therefore, it is possible to obtain the same performance as that of continuous discharge with small fluctuations, and to allow the rotational speed of the piston rotation / sliding motor to follow the flow rate sensor at a predetermined ratio. Since this valveless plunger pump is 3 ml or less per shot and can realize intermittent supply every minute, the mixing accuracy can be increased. In addition, the plunger pump in which the cylinder and the plunger are made of ceramic has almost no wear on the sliding portion, and a stable quantitative property can be obtained for a long time.

The above shows that clean water and each undiluted solution can be accurately mixed at a predetermined volume ratio, but in recent years, dialysis undiluted solutions are often created in hospitals by dissolving dialysis powders. It was. In this case, the powder for dialysis is performed using an automatic powder dissolution apparatus, and is generally dissolved and stored in a stock solution having an appropriate concentration in the dissolution apparatus. However, as shown in FIG. 5, by providing precise concentration meters 39a and 39b at the outlets of the B stock solution mixing tank 34 and the A mixing tank 35 of the multi-person dialysate supply apparatus, the concentration after each mixing is provided. By variably controlling the discharge rate of the discharge rate variable pump from the measured value (conductivity), a dialysate having a predetermined concentration can be created. That is, the concentration of each stock solution, especially not have to be adjusted accurately, took up even rough solution close to saturation dissolution eg to densitometer 39a, detecting concentration by 39b even be controlled so that the target value As long as this is done, a dialysate having a predetermined concentration can be obtained. That is, also in this density adjustment, the substantially continuous stock solution supply control by the small amount of shot ejection described above is effective. Therefore, the present invention can be applied to a powder-compatible multi-person dialysis fluid supply apparatus that includes a so-called powder dissolving portion. In this case, it is preferable to use, for example, an electromagnetic densitometer which is not affected by dirt on the electrode part.

  In the dialysis fluid supply device for a large number of people according to the present invention, it is preferable that two or more flow rate measuring devices 8 for measuring the supply amount of clean water are provided. That is, it is possible to create a stable dialysate by positioning each flow rate measuring device 8 as a main and a sub, and the sub serving as a backup in the event of a main failure (for example, a disconnection failure). Furthermore, when a large difference occurs between the outputs of the main and sub flow rate measuring devices 8, the output malfunction of the main flow rate measuring device can be identified from the concentration fluctuation tendency of the B stock solution mixture and the A stock solution mixture obtained at that time, It is also possible to automatically perform a backup operation by switching the control to the sub flow meter. For example, each raw solution discharge amount is normally controlled by a measurement value by the main flow rate measuring device 8, but the main flow rate measurement value is higher than the sub flow rate measurement value beyond an allowable range, and the concentration after mixing is higher. If the concentration is abnormally high, it can be determined that the amount of the stock solution following the main flow rate measurement value is not appropriate, and the sub flow meter can be replaced with the main. Automatic backup is realized by such a combination of logics.

  Moreover, in the dialysis fluid supply device for a large number of people according to the present invention, preferably, the dialysis fluid storage means includes a dialysate storage tank 22 having a liquid level gauge 23 for detecting the storage amount. Using the stored volume value detected by the meter between two predetermined positions and the output value output so that the flow rate measuring device 8 of clean water is between the two predetermined positions, the output calibration of the flow measuring instrument 8 is automatically performed. It can be configured to perform. With such a configuration, if the two detection points of the liquid level gauge 23 are set in advance, the amount of storage (range of the amount of storage) between them is always constant, so that only clean water is supplied to the dialysate storage tank 22. The output of the flow rate measuring device 8 obtained when water is supplied between two positions, for example, the integrated value such as a pulse is stored in the microcomputer control unit 40, so that the output of the flow rate measuring device 8 is automatically corrected. It becomes possible to do. When two or more flow rate measuring devices 8 are provided, individual differences of the flow rate measuring devices 8 are also corrected by this automatic calibration.

  In addition, in the multi-person dialysate supply apparatus according to the present invention, an automatic flow control valve 37 capable of controlling the supply amount of clean water is provided, and information obtained from the level gauge 23 of the dialysate storage tank 22 is used. On the basis of this, it is preferable that the opening degree of the automatic flow control valve 37 is adjusted so as to keep the amount of dialysate stored at a certain level (within a certain level range). With such a configuration, the frequency of opening and closing of the clean water supply valve 5 and the frequency of starting and stopping the dialysis A and B stock solution pumps 36a and 36b are low, and a more continuous dialysate with a good balance between the amount used and the amount prepared. Therefore, the stagnation time of the dialysate in the pipe and the dialysate reservoir 22 is shortened, and a dialysate having a higher cleanliness can be supplied.

  Further, in the present invention, dialysate preparation means for preparing dialysate by mixing A stock solution for dialysate and B stock solution and clean water for diluting the stock solution at a predetermined ratio, and dialysate for storing the dialysate In a dialysate supply apparatus having a storage means and a dialysate supply means for supplying the dialysate to a dialysis monitoring device, the dialysate supply means includes a supply pump (discharge amount variable pump) 25 and a supply pressure. It can also be set as the aspect comprised so that it might have the total 38 and liquid feeding pressure might become constant. That is, by controlling the output of the liquid feed pump (discharge amount variable pump) 25 so that the pump liquid feed pressure becomes constant by measuring the liquid feed pressure, the self-circulation amount (self-circulation without being fed to the dialysis monitoring device) The amount of the dialysis fluid (temperature rise, pH rise, etc.) can be minimized and power consumption can be reduced. A variable control by a DC motor or an inverter can be applied to the discharge amount variable pump. Of course, the configuration of the dialysate supply device of this aspect and the above-described A and B stock solution supply control using the valveless plunger pump can be combined.

  The dialysate supply apparatus according to the present invention enables a desired dialysate to be created and delivered efficiently with a simple apparatus configuration, in a substantially continuous manner, with high accuracy and reduced stagnation. In particular, the present invention can be preferably applied to a dialysate supply device for a large number of people that needs to anticipate fluctuations in the number of operating dialysis monitoring devices.

It is a general | schematic apparatus system diagram of the dialysate supply apparatus for many people by the conventional batch mixing system. It is a general | schematic apparatus system diagram of the dialysate supply apparatus for many people by the conventional batch mixing system (double mixing system). It is a general | schematic apparatus system diagram of the dialysate supply apparatus for many people by the conventional continuous mixing system. It is a supply pattern schematic time chart of the clean water in the apparatus of FIG. 1 is a schematic system diagram of a multi-person dialysate supply apparatus according to the present invention. 6 is a schematic time chart of supply patterns of clean water, A, and B stock solutions in the apparatus of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1, 1a, 1b Stock solution supply valve 2, 2a, 2b Stock solution metering tank 3, 3a, 3b Stock solution metering level switch 4, 4a, 4b Stock solution transfer valve 5 Clean water supply valve 6 Water metering cylinder 7 Piston movement detector 8 Flow rate Measuring instrument 10 Mixing tank 11 Liquid level gauge for mixing tank 12 Dialysate transfer valve 22 Dialysate storage tank 23 Dialysate storage tank level gauge 24 Dialysate feed pump 25 Dialysate feed pump (variable discharge pump)
31a, 31b Duplex pump cylinder 32a, 32b Duplex pump piston 33a, 33b Check valve 34 B undiluted solution mixing tank 35 A undiluted solution mixing vessel 36a, 36b Variable discharge amount pump (plunger pump)
37 Automatic flow control valve 38 Pressure measuring device 39a, 39b Densitometer 40 Microcomputer control unit as control device

Claims (7)

Dialysate preparation means for preparing dialysate by mixing A stock solution for dialysate and B stock solution and clean water for diluting the stock solution at a predetermined ratio, dialysate storage means for storing the prepared dialysate, and storage In a dialysis fluid supply device for a large number of people who need to anticipate fluctuations in the number of operating dialysis monitoring devices, the dialysis fluid feeding means for feeding the dialyzed fluid to a plurality of dialysis monitoring devices arranged in parallel, Based on the storage amount information from the dialysate storage means, a flow rate control valve capable of controlling the supply amount of the clean water so that the storage amount is maintained within a predetermined range, and the clean water A flow rate measuring device for measuring the supply amount, a control device for calculating the supply amount of the A stock solution and the B stock solution based on a measurement value by the flow rate measuring device, and a supply amount of the A stock solution and the B stock solution by the control device to supply a predetermined amount of a stock and B stock rather based on the calculated value Has a variable discharge pump 1 shot discharge amount following shot ejection system 3 ml, and the A stock mixture after concentration and B stock solution after mixing of the concentration of each detectable densitometer for the variable discharge Responding to fluctuations in the number of operating dialysis monitoring devices by repeatedly operating the pump with one shot discharge amount and controlling the discharge amount of the variable discharge amount pump based on the concentration detection value by each densitometer A dialysate supply apparatus characterized in that a dialysate is prepared and sent substantially continuously .   The dialysate supply device according to claim 1, wherein the discharge amount variable pump is a valveless plunger pump.   The dialysate supply device according to claim 2, wherein the discharge rate variable pump is a plunger pump in which a cylinder and a plunger are formed of ceramic.   The dialysate supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein two or more flow rate measuring devices for measuring the supply amount of the clean water are provided. The dialysate storage means is provided with a liquid level gauge for detecting the dialysate storage amount, and the liquid level gauge is set with two upper and lower positions serving as criteria for determining the range of the dialysate amount to be stored, The dialysate supply apparatus in any one of Claims 1-4. The output calibration of the flow meter is automatically performed using the storage amount value detected by the liquid level gauge between the two positions and the output value of the flow meter output between the two positions. The dialysate supply apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the dialysate supply apparatus is configured to be performed at the same time . The dialysate liquid feeding means has a discharge amount variable pump and a liquid pressure gauge, and the discharge amount variable pump is controlled so that the liquid pressure is constant . Dialysate supply device.

Images