JP4115289B2 - Ladle with lid - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a ladle with a lid provided with a heat insulating lid that closes the upper end opening of the ladle body.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The general process from melting to casting in a foundry is as follows. First, the molten metal discharged from the cupola is poured into a low-frequency furnace through a flame protected by a refractory. Move to the converter in the pan and do the ductile process. Then, the ductile-treated molten metal is poured into another ladle and transported to the casting site with a dedicated cart. At the casting site, the ladle being transported is lifted by an overhead crane and tilted above the casting machine, and the molten metal in the ladle is distributed to the casting machine for casting.
[0003]
In the process up to this casting, it is an important point to prevent casting defects that the molten metal temperature at the time of hot water distribution is a predetermined temperature or more, but the ladle for molten metal transportation makes it easy to receive and discharge hot water. Since it opens large upwards so that it can do, the temperature fall by heat dissipation is inevitable during molten metal conveyance. For this reason, until the ductile process, which is the final stage of the melting process, time adjustment is performed at the melting site and the process is completed in as short a time as possible to suppress the temperature drop of the molten metal. However, when transporting from the melting site to the casting site, there is a considerable waiting time due to the delivery of the molten metal to the casting process, and it takes about 10 minutes to distribute the molten metal to the casting machine. Often the temperature drops significantly.
[0004]
Therefore, normally, the temperature when pouring the ductile-treated molten metal into the ladle is set high in anticipation of temperature drop during the subsequent transportation and distribution so that the predetermined molten metal temperature can be secured until the distribution of the molten metal is completed. is doing. Therefore, if the decrease in the molten metal temperature in the ladle after the melting process can be suppressed, the temperature of the molten metal poured into the ladle can be lowered, greatly reducing the amount of coke used in the cupola and the power consumption of the low frequency furnace. Leading to energy savings.
[0005]
For this reason, conventionally, as a means of keeping the molten metal in the ladle, a method of closing the upper end opening of the ladle body with a thermal lid has been considered. Not put into practical use. That is, the heat insulation lid requires construction of a refractory, and the lid body also needs to have a strength that can withstand heat distortion and the like, so that the weight cannot be manually opened and closed. Moreover, even if the lid is lightened by using a lightweight refractory, etc., there is a risk that a disaster such as a burn may occur in the manual opening and closing work. On the other hand, when installing a dedicated device for opening and closing the lid, a place for installation and a large amount of money are required, and the setting work of the ladle to the installed switchgear may be complicated. Conceivable.
[0006]
On the other hand, as a ladle with a lid that can automatically open and close the heat insulation lid, the open / close lever of the heat insulation lid is rotatably attached to the support shaft provided in the ladle body, When the ladle body is landed by connecting to the weight provided at the bottom, the lever keeps the heat insulation lid open without receiving the weight of the weight, and when the ladle body is lifted, the lever Has been proposed that rotates in response to the weight of the weight and closes the heat insulating lid (see Patent Document 1).
[0007]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-320078
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The ladle with a lid described above has a structure in which the heat insulation lid is closed by lifting the ladle body, so that the molten metal can be kept warm while the ladle is lifted, but the lid opens at the same time as landing. Therefore, if the time waiting for pouring becomes long, the inner surface of the ladle main body in the state where the molten metal has not entered is cooled by touching the outside air, and the temperature drop after pouring becomes large. Also, the overhead crane used to lift the ladle body is often used for other work, and even after pouring is completed, the lid can be left open while waiting for the crane, and the hot water temperature may drop. . Furthermore, in a factory where the ladle is transported on a carriage or the like, the ladle is transported with the lid open, so even if this method is adopted, the effect of suppressing the decrease in hot water temperature is small.
[0009]
In addition, parts such as weights and open / close levers are complex and large (heavy), which increases the cost of remodeling, reduces maintenance, and increases the work load such as removing molten metal. There is also a problem that the burden on the overhead crane is increased due to the increase in weight.
[0010]
In addition, when the ladle body is lifted, the weight protrudes downward from the bottom surface of the ladle body so that the open / close lever of the heat retaining lid is rotated, so that the molten metal scattered during the receiving of the hot water is the weight and lever. If the weight sticks out and the weight remains protruding, a serious accident may occur in which the ladle placed on the floor falls.
[0011]
Then, the subject of this invention is enabling it to open only the heat retention lid which blocks the upper-end opening of a ladle main body as long as it is required with a simple mechanism.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention generally includes a hanging portion for lifting the ladle body, and a tilting device for tilting the ladle body in a lifted state. Paying attention to the fact that the suspension part tilts when the tilting device is driven after landing, and by opening the thermal insulation lid using the relative tilting action of the suspension part relative to the ladle body by connecting the thermal insulation lid to the suspension part I did it. As a result, the lid opening / closing mechanism has a simple structure, and the heat retaining lid of the ladle with lid can be opened only while it is required for pouring work, etc., and the temperature drop of the molten metal during transportation is reliably suppressed. be able to.
[0013]
Specifically, the heat retaining lid is rotatably attached to a horizontal support shaft provided in the ladle body, and the hanging portion and the heat insulating lid are pivotally attached to the hanging portion. The other end portion is connected by a lid opening / closing arm that is rotatably attached to the heat retaining lid, and the tilting device is driven to tilt the hanging portion relative to the pan body, thereby the heat retaining lid. Is rotated in conjunction with the tilting of the hanging portion, so that the opening of the ladle body is opened.
[0014]
In this configuration, the heat retention lid and the suspension portion can be disconnected, and the heat retention lid is shaped so as to partially open the opening of the ladle body on the side opposite to the rotation fulcrum. In the state where the ladle body is lifted, the tilting device is driven to tilt the ladle body so that the molten metal in the ladle body can be discharged while the heat retaining lid is closed. For example, the temperature drop of the molten metal can be suppressed during the hot water supply to the casting machine.
[0015]
As means for enabling disconnection between the heat insulating lid and the suspension part, the arm is attached to a pin provided at one end of the arm so as to be movable along the axis, and the other end part is provided. engages a coupling portion provided on said insulation cover, and that for connecting the hanging portion and the heat insulating cover, by moving along the arm axis of the pin, and the other end of said arm It is possible to employ one in which the engagement with the connecting portion of the heat insulating lid is released.
[0016]
In that case, one end of the arm is attached to the pin of the suspension part so as to be rotatable around its axis, and the other end of the arm is engaged with the connecting part of the heat insulating lid. When rotating around the shaft center, a stopper provided at a position facing the outer peripheral surface of the pin restricts movement along the pin shaft direction in a direction in which the engagement between the other end and the connecting portion of the heat insulating lid is released. By doing so, it is possible to prevent the heat retention lid in the open state from being disconnected due to external force being disconnected from the suspension portion and closing.
[0017]
In addition, since the support shaft is detachably inserted into a part of the ladle body, the heat insulation lid can be removed from the pan body simply by removing the support shaft, and the heat insulation cover can be easily repaired. Will be able to do.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. This ladle with a lid is for transporting a ductile-treated molten metal to a casting site and distributing it to a casting machine. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a cylindrical ladle main body 1 having an open upper end. And a portal-type suspension part 2 for lifting the ladle body 1, a tilting device 3 for tilting one of these members 1 and 2 relative to the other, and an upper end opening 1a of the ladle body 1 It is basically composed of a heat insulating lid 4 to be closed.
[0019]
The ladle main body 1 is formed such that the edge of the opening 1a partially protrudes in a triangular shape on the front side to form a hot water outlet 1b, and the molten metal inside is smoothly discharged during hot water distribution. Further, shaft portions 5a and 5b extending horizontally from symmetrical positions on both the left and right sides are provided on the outer wall of the ladle body 1. On the other hand, the suspension part 2 includes column parts 7 and 7 extending downward at both ends of a beam 6 made of two long plates, and the lower ends of these column parts 7 and 7 are respectively ladle main bodies 1. These shaft portions 5a and 5b are rotatably attached. That is, the ladle body 1 can be lifted by hanging a hook of a crane (not shown) on a suspension ring 8 provided at the center of the beam 6 of the suspension part 2 and can be tilted relative to the suspension part 2. Yes.
[0020]
In the tilting device 3, the mounting portion 9 a of the case 9 is fixed to the column 7 on the left side of the suspension portion 2 with a bolt, and is rotatably supported on the rotating shaft 10 a of the motor 10 provided in the upper portion of the case 9 and the case 9. A chain 12 is wound around the worm 11 and a worm wheel 13 meshing with the worm 11 is fixed to the left shaft portion 5a of the ladle body 1 extended into the case 9, and the motor 10 is driven to drive the worm The ladle main body 1 and the hanging part 2 are relatively tilted by rotating 11 around the axis.
[0021]
That is, when the worm 11 is rotated, when the ladle is lifted by the crane, the worm wheel 13 is rotated and the ladle body 1 is tilted. On the other hand, since the wheel 13 does not move when the ladle body 1 is landed, the worm 11 moves along the circumferential direction of the wheel 13 while rotating, and the suspension part together with the case 9 that supports the worm 11. 2 tilts.
[0022]
The heat insulating lid 4 is constructed by applying a refractory to the back surface of the metal frame, and the ladle body 1 has an opening 1a in the outlet 1b so that the molten metal in the ladle body 1 can be discharged while closed as will be described later. The shape is closed except for the vicinity, and is pivotally attached to a horizontal support shaft 14 provided on the side opposite to the tap 1 b of the ladle body 1, and is suspended via a lid opening / closing arm 15. 2 is connected.
[0023]
The lid opening / closing arm 15 is attached to a pin 16 provided at one end on the suspension part 2 so as to be rotatable around its axis, and a pin part 15 a at the other end is provided on the left side surface of the heat insulating lid 4. The link mechanism is formed by being inserted through the holes.
[0024]
Therefore, when the ladle main body 1 is landed, if the hanging part 2 is tilted as described above, the heat insulating lid 4 is rotated in conjunction with this, and the entire opening 1a of the ladle main body 1 is opened. The In addition, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted, the motor 10 of the tilting device 3 can be driven simply by connecting a power supply hose to the connection port provided in the case 9, and it is not necessary to install a dedicated drive source. The heat insulating lid 4 can be opened and closed at the place.
[0025]
Here, the support shaft 14 that rotatably supports the heat retaining lid 4 is detachably inserted into a lid attaching portion 18 provided on the upper portion of the ladle body 1. For this reason, the heat insulation lid | cover 4 can be removed from the ladle main body 1 only by extracting the spindle 14, and repair of a refractory etc. can be performed easily.
[0026]
4 (a) and 4 (b), the pin 16 of the suspension part 2 is formed longer than the thickness of one end of the lid opening / closing arm 15, and both ends thereof are connected to the left end of the beam 6. It is fixed to a pair of brackets 20 and 20 provided on a base 19 bolted to the vicinity of the part. The base 19 may be attached to the beam 6 by welding. However, the bolting is preferable because it does not require inspection such as magnetic flaw detection and can be reused.
[0027]
The base 19 is provided with a cover 21 that covers the left end side of the pin 16 between the brackets 20 and 20. The cover 21 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape in which the lower side of the pin 16 is opened, and a gap is formed between the inner surface and the outer peripheral surface of the pin 16 so that one end of the lid opening / closing arm 15 can pass through. Yes.
[0028]
As a result, the lid opening / closing arm 15 is movable along the axis of the pin 16 in a range where one end thereof is between the brackets 20 and 20 of the base 19. The operation is performed by manually pushing and pulling the lever 22 attached in the vicinity of one end of the arm 15.
[0029]
As shown in FIG. 5A, when the lever 22 is pushed toward the center of the beam 6 and one end of the lid opening / closing arm 15 is positioned in the vicinity of the bracket 20 on the right side of the base 19, the arm 15 As shown in FIG. 5 (b), when the lever 22 is pulled and the arm 15 is moved to the vicinity of the left bracket 20, the other end of the arm 15 is connected. The pin portion 15a is removed from the hole of the connecting portion 17 of the heat insulating lid 4, and the connection between the heat insulating lid 4 and the hanging portion 2 is disconnected.
[0030]
5A, when the hanging portion 2 is tilted relative to the pan body 1, the lid opening / closing arm 15 rotates in conjunction with this, and the heat retaining lid 4 is moved. Is opened. At this time, as shown in FIG. 6, the arm 15 is restricted from moving along the axis of the pin 16 in the left direction by the right end surface of the cover 21, so that the pin portion 15 a can be kept warm even when an external force is applied. The four connecting portions 17 do not come off. That is, the cover 21 serves as a stopper that restricts the movement of the arm 15 in the direction in which the connection between the heat insulating lid 4 and the hanging portion 2 is disconnected. Therefore, the heat insulating lid 4 is not cut off from the hanging portion 2 during opening and closing and is not suddenly closed, so that the pouring work or the like to the ladle body 1 can be performed safely.
[0031]
On the other hand, in the state in which the connection between the heat insulating lid 4 and the hanging portion 2 is disconnected as shown in FIG. 5B, even if the hanging portion 2 is tilted relative to the pan body 1, the heat insulating lid 4 is Closed state is maintained. At this time, one end of the arm 15 enters the cover 21 and is restricted from rotating at both ends in the circumferential direction of the cover 21 as shown in FIG. It is kept constant and does not wobble.
[0032]
Next, the molten metal conveyance by this ladle with a lid | cover and the hot water supply work to a casting machine are demonstrated. When pouring the ductile-treated molten metal into the ladle body 1, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), the lever 22 of the lid opening / closing arm 15 is pushed in in advance to connect the heat retaining lid 4 and the hanging portion 2. Then, the ladle main body 1 is made to stand by in a landing state, and the tilting device 3 is driven after preparation for pouring is completed. Thus, by closing the heat insulation lid | cover 4 until pouring preparation is completed, the inner surface of the ladle main body 1 in the state where the molten metal is not contained is kept warm, and the fall of the hot water temperature after pouring is suppressed.
[0033]
When the tilting device 3 is driven in the landing state, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the hanging portion 2 tilts, and in conjunction with this, the heat insulating lid 4 rotates around the support shaft 14. Open up. Here, the heat retaining lid 4 is opened by about 90 ° when the hanging portion 2 is inclined by 45 ° by a link mechanism formed around the lid opening / closing arm 15. And what is necessary is just to pour molten metal into the ladle main body 1 in the state which opened the opening 1a of the ladle main body 1 largely like FIG.7 (b).
[0034]
Immediately after the pouring of the ladle body 1 is completed, the tilting device 3 is driven in the reverse direction to close the heat insulating lid 4, and the lever 22 of the lid opening / closing arm 15 is moved as shown in FIG. In a state in which the connection between the heat insulating lid 4 and the hanging portion 2 is disconnected by pulling, the lid 4 is placed on a cart (not shown) while being closed and transported to the casting site. As a result, the temperature drop of the molten metal due to heat radiation from the opening 1a of the ladle body 1 during transportation is greatly reduced, and even if some waiting time occurs during delivery to the casting process, in many cases A predetermined molten metal temperature can be secured until the hot water distribution is completed.
[0035]
Here, the ladle has no protrusion on the bottom surface of the ladle body 1 such as the method of opening and closing the heat insulation lid with the above-mentioned weight, so it falls when it is landed for pouring or placed on a cart. The molten metal can be transported safely. Depending on the layout of the factory, a crane can be used for conveyance.
[0036]
At the casting site, as shown in FIG. 8 (a), the crane hook F is hung on the suspension ring 8 of the suspension portion 2 of the ladle that has been conveyed.
[0037]
And as shown in FIG.8 (b), the lifted ladle is conveyed to the upper direction of the casting machine which abbreviate | omitted illustration, the tilting apparatus 3 is driven, and the ladle main body 1 is tilted. At this time, the heat retaining lid 4 separated from the hanging portion 2 is tilted while being closed according to the tilt of the ladle body 1 by its own weight, but the vicinity of the outlet 1b of the opening 1a of the ladle body 1 is opened. Therefore, the molten metal is discharged from here and distributed to the casting machine. Thereby, the temperature fall of the molten metal in hot water distribution can also be suppressed.
[0038]
Here, the opening part size of the opening 1a of the ladle main body 1 in a state where the heat insulating lid 4 is closed is designed in consideration of safety and workability of the hot water supply work. In other words, the molten metal does not hit the thermal insulation lid 4 during the hot water distribution at a predetermined speed and is not scattered to the surroundings, and the crane driver can check the remaining amount of the molten metal as much as possible to increase the thermal insulation. Yes.
[0039]
When the temperature change of the molten metal in this ladle with a lid was measured and compared with a ladle without a thermal insulation lid, the temperature drop rate was about 6 ° C / min for a ladle without a lid, but about It was confirmed that the temperature was significantly improved to 4 ° C / min.
[0040]
In addition to the time of pouring the ladle body as described above, the heat insulating lid is also opened and closed when the inner surface of the chilled ladle body is heated with a gas burner. The ladle body can be heated and kept warm in any open work space as long as the power hose can be connected.
[0041]
In the above-described embodiment, the operation of the lid opening / closing arm is performed manually, but it can also be automated by a method of combining a rack and a pinion and driving with a motor.
[0042]
Further, the present invention is not limited to the ladle that uses the electric tilting device as in the embodiment, but of course applies to a ladle having a mechanism that relatively tilts the ladle body and the suspension portion with a manual handle. be able to.
[0043]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention utilizes the relative tilting action of the hanging part relative to the ladle body when the lid for opening and closing the lid is connected to the hanging part by the lid opening / closing arm and the tilting device is driven. Since the heat insulation lid is opened, the heat insulation lid can be opened only while it is required, and the temperature drop of the molten metal due to heat radiation from the ladle body opening can be reliably suppressed.
[0044]
Therefore, compared with the case where a ladle without a heat insulating lid is used, the temperature when pouring the ductile-treated molten metal into the ladle can be set low, and significant energy saving can be realized. In addition, the work environment is improved by reducing the amount of radiant heat and fumes emitted from the molten metal in the ladle. In addition, there is an effect on the quality of the cast product, such as the suppression of fading of residual magnesium and the reduction of the reaction between magnesium and silicon to reduce the generation of slag and clean the ladle body.
[0045]
In addition, since the lid opening / closing mechanism is a simple structure that uses the existing tilting device, the cost of remodeling for attaching the thermal insulation lid can be reduced, and it can be used for ladle with various shapes, and repair of refractories Easy to clean, clean and maintain.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a front view of a ladle with a cover according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a left side view of FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 5a. FIG. 5b is an enlarged front view of the main part for explaining the connection and disconnection operation of the heat insulating lid and the suspension part of the ladle in FIG. 1 is an enlarged perspective view of the main part of the ladle of FIG. 1 with the heat insulation lid opened. FIGS. 7A and 7B are side views for explaining the operation of opening and closing the heat insulation lid of the ladle of FIG. Is a side view explaining the operation of the ladle of FIG.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ladle body 1a Opening 1b Hot water outlet 2 Hanging part 3 Tilting device 4 Thermal insulation cover 5a, 5b Shaft part 6 Beam 7 Column part 8 Suspension ring 9 Case 9a Mounting part 10 Motor 10a Rotating shaft 11 Worm 12 Chain 13 Warm wheel 14 Support Shaft 15 Lid opening / closing arm 15a Pin 16 Pin 17 Connection 18 Lid mounting 19 Base 20 Bracket 21 Cover 22 Lever F Hook

Claims (5)

A lid provided with a ladle body, a suspension part for lifting the ladle body, a tilting device that tilts one of these members relative to the other, and a heat insulating lid that closes the upper end opening of the ladle body In the ladle,
The heat retaining lid is rotatably attached to a horizontal support shaft provided in the ladle body, and the suspension portion and the heat insulation lid are rotatably attached to one end portion of the suspension portion, and the other end portion. Are connected by a lid opening / closing arm that is rotatably attached to the heat insulating lid, and the tilting device is driven to tilt the hanging portion relative to the pan body so that the heat insulating lid tilts the hanging portion. A ladle with a lid, which rotates in conjunction with the ladle so that the opening of the ladle body is opened. The connection between the heat retaining lid and the hanging portion is made disengageable, and the heat retaining lid is shaped so as to partially open the opening of the ladle body on the side opposite to the rotation fulcrum, and the heat retaining lid is removed from the hanging portion. Detaching and driving the tilting device in a state where the ladle body is lifted to tilt the ladle body so that the molten metal in the ladle body can be discharged while the heat retaining lid is closed. The ladle with a lid according to claim 1. The means for enabling disconnection of the connection between the heat insulating lid and the suspension part is configured such that the arm is attached to a pin provided at one end of the arm so as to be movable along the axis, and the other end part is provided at the other end part. The heat retaining lid and the suspension portion are connected by engaging with a connecting portion provided on the heat insulating lid, and the arm is moved along the axial center of the pin, whereby the other end portion of the arm and the heat insulating member are insulated. The ladle with a lid according to claim 2, wherein the lid is disengaged from the connecting portion. One end of the arm is attached to the pin of the suspension part so as to be rotatable around its axis, and the other end of the arm is rotated around the axis of the pin while being engaged with the connecting part of the heat insulating lid. When moved, the stopper provided at a position facing the outer peripheral surface of the pin restricts the movement along the pin axis in the direction in which the engagement between the other end and the connecting portion of the heat insulating lid is released. The ladle with a lid according to claim 3, wherein the ladle is a lid. The ladle with a lid according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the support shaft is detachably inserted into a part of the ladle body.

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