JP2004230439A - Ladle with lid - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable a heat insulating lid for blocking the top opening of the body of a ladle to be opened for only a necessary period of time by means of a simple mechanism. <P>SOLUTION: The heat insulating lid 4 for blocking the top opening 1a of the ladle body 1 is fitted on a horizontal spindle 14 provided in the ladle body 1 so as to be free to rotate and is connected to a suspending section 2 via a linkage formed around an arm 15 for opening or closing the lid. The heat insulating lid 4 is designed to open in interlocking with the tilting motion of the suspending section 2 by driving a tilting device 3 which tilts the ladle body 1 and the suspending section 2 relatively. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a ladle with a lid provided with a heat retaining lid for closing an upper end opening of a ladle main body.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the general process from melting to casting in a foundry, the molten metal from the cupola is first poured into a low-frequency furnace through a gutter protected by refractories, where the components and temperature are adjusted, and then immediately removed. Transfer to a converter with a pot to perform ductile processing. Then, the molten metal subjected to the ductile treatment is poured into another ladle and transported to the casting site by a dedicated cart. At the casting site, the conveyed ladle is lifted by an overhead crane, tilted above the casting machine, and the molten metal in the ladle is distributed to the casting machine for casting.
[0003]
In the process up to the casting, it is important that the temperature of the molten metal at the time of distribution is higher than a predetermined temperature, which is an important point for preventing casting defects, but the ladle for transporting the molten metal makes it easy to receive and discharge the molten metal. Since the opening is large upward so that it can be performed, a temperature decrease due to heat radiation during the transport of the molten metal is inevitable. For this reason, until the ductile treatment, which is the final stage of the melting step, the time is adjusted at the melting site and the treatment is completed in as short a time as possible, thereby suppressing a decrease in the temperature of the molten metal. However, when transferring from the melting site to the casting site, a considerable amount of waiting time occurs due to the delivery of the molten metal to the casting process and the like, and it takes about 10 minutes to distribute the molten metal to the casting machine. Often the temperature drops significantly.
[0004]
Therefore, usually, the temperature at which the ductile-treated molten metal is poured into the ladle is set high in anticipation of the subsequent temperature drop during transportation and distribution so that the predetermined molten metal temperature can be secured until the distribution of the molten metal is completed. are doing. Therefore, if the lowering of the temperature of the molten metal in the ladle after the melting step can be suppressed, the temperature of the molten metal poured into the ladle can be lowered, and the amount of coke used in the cupola and the power consumption of the low-frequency furnace can be significantly reduced. Energy savings.
[0005]
For this reason, conventionally, as a method of keeping the molten metal in the ladle, a method of closing the upper end opening of the ladle body with the thermal insulation lid has been considered, but there is a problem of opening and closing the thermal insulation lid as described below. Not practical. That is, the heat retaining lid requires construction of a refractory material, and the lid main body also needs to be strong enough to withstand thermal distortion or the like. Further, even if the lid is lightened by using a lightweight refractory or the like, a disaster such as a burn may occur in a manual opening and closing operation. On the other hand, when a dedicated device for opening and closing the lid is provided, a place for installation and a large amount of cost are required, and setting a ladle to the installed switchgear may be complicated. Conceivable.
[0006]
On the other hand, as a ladle with a lid equipped with a mechanism that can automatically open and close the heat retaining lid, the opening and closing lever of the heat retaining lid is rotatably attached to a spindle provided on the ladle main body, and the ladle main body is When the ladle body is landing, it is connected to the weight provided at the bottom, and the lever holds the heat retaining lid open without receiving the weight of the weight, and when the ladle body is lifted, the lever is lifted. Has been proposed in which the heat-retaining lid is rotated by receiving the weight of the weight to close the heat retaining lid (see Patent Document 1).
[0007]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-11-320078 [0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The above-mentioned ladle with a lid has a structure in which the heat retaining lid is closed by lifting the ladle body, so that the molten metal can be kept warm while the ladle is being lifted, but the lid is opened simultaneously with landing. Therefore, if the time of waiting for pouring becomes long, the inner surface of the ladle body in a state where the molten metal is not in contact with the outside air cools down, and the temperature of the hot water after pouring becomes large. In addition, the overhead crane used for lifting the ladle body is often used for other work, and even after the pouring is completed, the lid is left open while waiting for the crane, and the temperature of the hot water may drop. . Further, in a factory where the ladle is transported on a trolley or the like, the transport is performed with the lid open, so that even if this method is adopted, the effect of suppressing the decrease in the hot water temperature is small.
[0009]
Also, since the parts such as the weight and the opening / closing lever are complicated and large (heavy), the remodeling cost is high, and the maintenance work is lower than before and the work load for removing the scattered molten metal is increased. There is also a problem that the burden on the overhead crane increases due to the increase in the weight of the cranes.
[0010]
Furthermore, when the ladle body is lifted, the weight protrudes below the lower surface of the ladle body and rotates the opening / closing lever of the heat retaining lid. If the weight sticks out and the weight remains protruding, a serious accident that the ladle placed on the floor falls may occur.
[0011]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to make it possible to open a heat retaining lid for closing an upper end opening of a ladle main body only when required by a simple mechanism.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention generally provides a ladle with a hanging portion for lifting a ladle body, and a tilting device for tilting the ladle body in a hung state. Paying attention to the fact that the hanging part tilts when the tilting device is driven by landing, and opening the heat retaining lid by using the tilting operation of the hanging part relative to the ladle body by connecting the heat retaining lid to the hanging part. I did it. As a result, the lid opening and closing mechanism has a simple structure, and the heat retaining lid of the ladle with the lid can be opened only when required for pouring work or the like, and the temperature drop of the molten metal during transport is reliably suppressed. be able to.
[0013]
Specifically, the heat retaining lid is rotatably attached to a horizontal support shaft provided on the ladle main body, and is connected to the hanging portion via a link mechanism, and the tilting device is driven to drive the ladle. By tilting the portion relative to the ladle main body, the heat retaining lid is rotated in conjunction with the tilt of the hanging portion, so that the opening of the ladle main body is opened.
[0014]
In this configuration, the connection between the heat retaining lid and the suspending portion can be separated, and the heat retaining lid is shaped so as to partially open an opening of the ladle main body on a side opposite to a rotation fulcrum thereof. Is separated from the hanging portion, and the ladle body is tilted by driving the tilting device in a state where the ladle body is lifted, so that the molten metal in the ladle main body can be discharged while the heat retaining lid is closed. Thus, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the temperature of the molten metal during distribution of the molten metal to the casting machine.
[0015]
As means for disconnecting the connection between the heat retaining lid and the suspending portion, the link mechanism may be attached to a pin provided at the suspending portion such that one end thereof is movable along the axis thereof, Engages with a connecting portion provided on the heat retaining lid to connect the heat retaining lid and the suspending portion. By moving the link mechanism along the axis of the pin, the other of the link mechanism One in which the end and the connecting portion of the heat retaining lid are disengaged can be employed.
[0016]
In this case, the link mechanism has one end attached to the pin of the hanging portion so as to be rotatable around its axis, and the other end engaged with the connecting portion of the heat retaining lid. When rotated about the axis of the pin, the stopper provided at a position facing the outer peripheral surface of the pin prevents movement along the axis of the pin in a direction in which the other end and the connecting portion of the heat retaining lid are disengaged. By being regulated, it is possible to prevent the heat retaining lid in the open state from being disconnected from the hanging part by an external force and closed.
[0017]
In addition, since the spindle is detachably inserted into a part of the ladle main body, the heat retaining lid can be removed from the ladle main body simply by pulling out the spindle, thereby easily repairing the heat retaining lid. Will be able to do it.
[0018]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. This ladle with a lid is for transporting the ductile-processed molten metal to the casting site and distributing it to the casting machine. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a cylindrical ladle body 1 having an open upper end is provided. And a gate-shaped hanging part 2 for lifting the ladle body 1, a tilting device 3 for tilting one of these two members 1, 2 relative to the other, and an upper end opening 1a of the ladle body 1. It is basically composed of a heat retaining lid 4 to be closed.
[0019]
In the ladle main body 1, an edge of the opening 1a partially projects in a triangular shape on the front side to form a tap hole 1b, so that the molten metal inside can be smoothly discharged at the time of hot water distribution. Shafts 5a and 5b are provided on the outer wall of the ladle body 1 to extend horizontally from symmetrical positions on both the left and right sides. On the other hand, the hanging part 2 includes pillars 7 extending downward at both ends of a beam 6 made of two long plate materials, and the lower ends of these pillars 7 are respectively attached to the ladle body 1. Are rotatably attached to the shaft portions 5a and 5b. That is, the ladle body 1 can be hung by hanging a hook of a crane (not shown) on a hanger 8 provided at the center of the beam 6 of the hanger 2, and can be tilted relative to the hanger 2. I have.
[0020]
The tilting device 3 fixes the mounting portion 9a of the case 9 to the column 7 on the left side of the hanging portion 2 with bolts, and rotatably supports the rotating shaft 10a of the motor 10 provided in the upper portion of the case 9 and the case 9. A chain 12 is wound around the worm 11, and a worm wheel 13 meshing with the worm 11 is fixed to the left shaft portion 5a of the ladle main body 1 extended into the case 9, and the motor 10 is driven to drive the worm. By rotating 11 around its axis, the ladle main body 1 and the suspending portion 2 are relatively tilted.
[0021]
That is, when the worm 11 is rotated, when the ladle is being lifted by the crane, the worm wheel 13 rotates and the ladle body 1 tilts. On the other hand, when the ladle body 1 is landing, since the wheel 13 does not move, the worm 11 moves along the circumferential direction of the wheel 13 while rotating, and the hanging portion together with the case 9 supporting the worm 11. 2 tilts.
[0022]
The heat retaining lid 4 is formed by applying a refractory material to the back surface of the metal frame. The opening 1a of the ladle main body 1 is provided with a tap hole 1b so that the molten metal in the ladle main body 1 can be discharged while being closed as described later. It is shaped so as to close except for the vicinity, is rotatably attached to a horizontal support shaft 14 provided on the side of the ladle main body 1 opposite to the tap hole 1b, and has a hanging portion via a lid opening / closing arm 15. 2 are connected.
[0023]
The lid opening / closing arm 15 is attached to a pin 16 provided at one end of the hanging portion 2 so as to be rotatable around its axis, and a connecting portion 17 provided at the other end with a pin portion 15 a at the left side surface of the heat retaining lid 4. And a link mechanism is formed.
[0024]
Therefore, when the hanging portion 2 is tilted as described above while the ladle main body 1 is landing, the heat retaining lid 4 rotates in conjunction with this, and the entire opening 1a of the ladle main body 1 is opened. You. Although not shown, the motor 10 of the tilting device 3 can be driven only by connecting a power supply hose to a connection port provided in the case 9, and there is no need to install a dedicated drive source. The thermal insulation lid 4 can be opened and closed at the location.
[0025]
Here, the support shaft 14 that rotatably supports the heat retaining lid 4 is removably inserted into a lid mounting portion 18 provided on the ladle main body 1. For this reason, the heat retaining lid 4 can be removed from the ladle main body 1 only by pulling out the spindle 14, and repair of refractory can be easily performed.
[0026]
As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the pin 16 of the hanging portion 2 is formed to be longer than the thickness of one end of the arm 15 for opening and closing the lid. It is fixed to a pair of brackets 20, 20 provided on a base 19 bolted near the portion. The attachment of the base 19 to the beam 6 may be performed by welding, but it is preferable to use bolts, since the inspection such as magnetic flaw detection is not required and reusable.
[0027]
The base 19 is provided with a cover 21 that covers the left end side of the pin 16 between the two brackets 20. The cover 21 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape in which the lower side of the pin 16 is opened, and a gap is formed between an inner surface thereof and an outer peripheral surface of the pin 16 so that one end of the lid opening / closing arm 15 can pass therethrough. I have.
[0028]
As a result, the lid opening / closing arm 15 is movable along the axis of the pin 16 within a range in which one end of the arm 15 is between the two brackets 20 of the base 19. This operation is performed by manually pushing and pulling a lever 22 attached near one end of the arm 15.
[0029]
As shown in FIG. 5A, when the lever 22 is pushed toward the center of the beam 6 and one end of the lid opening / closing arm 15 is located near the bracket 20 on the right side of the base 19, the arm 15 As shown in FIG. 5B, when the arm 15 is moved close to the left bracket 20 by pulling the lever 22, the other end of the arm 15 is connected. Pin portion 15a of the heat retaining lid 4 comes out of the hole of the connecting portion 17 of the heat retaining lid 4, and the connection between the heat retaining lid 4 and the hanging portion 2 is disconnected.
[0030]
In the connection state shown in FIG. 5A, when the hanging portion 2 is tilted relatively to the ladle main body 1, the arm 15 for opening and closing the lid rotates in conjunction therewith, and the heat retaining lid 4 is rotated. Is opened. At this time, the movement of the arm 15 to the left along the axis of the pin 16 is restricted by the right end face of the cover 21 as shown in FIG. 4 does not come off from the connecting portion 17. That is, the cover 21 plays the role of a stopper that regulates the movement of the arm 15 in the direction of disconnecting the connection between the heat retaining lid 4 and the hanging portion 2. Therefore, the heat retaining lid 4 is not separated from the hanging portion 2 during opening and closing and does not suddenly close, and the pouring operation to the ladle main body 1 can be performed safely.
[0031]
On the other hand, in a state where the connection between the heat retaining lid 4 and the hanging portion 2 is disconnected as shown in FIG. 5B, even if the hanging portion 2 is tilted relatively to the ladle main body 1, the heat retaining lid 4 is not moved. The closed state is maintained. At this time, since one end of the arm 15 enters the cover 21 and the rotation is regulated at both ends in the circumferential direction of the cover 21 as shown in FIG. It is kept constant and does not fluctuate.
[0032]
Next, the operation of transporting the molten metal by the ladle with the lid and distributing the molten metal to the casting machine will be described. When pouring the ductile-processed molten metal into the ladle main body 1, as shown in FIG. 5A, the lever 22 of the lid opening / closing arm 15 is pushed in advance to connect the heat retaining lid 4 and the hanging portion 2. The ladle main body 1 is made to stand by in a state where it is landed, and after the preparation for pouring is completed, the tilting device 3 is driven. By closing the heat retaining lid 4 until the pouring preparation is completed, the inner surface of the ladle main body 1 in a state where the molten metal does not enter is kept warm, and a drop in the hot water temperature after pouring is suppressed.
[0033]
When the tilting device 3 is driven in the landing state, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the hanging portion 2 tilts, and in conjunction with this, the heat retaining lid 4 rotates around the support shaft 14. Open up. Here, the heat retaining lid 4 is opened by about 90 ° when the hanging part 2 is inclined by 45 ° by a link mechanism formed around the lid opening / closing arm 15. Then, the molten metal may be poured into the ladle main body 1 with the opening 1a of the ladle main body 1 largely opened as shown in FIG.
[0034]
Immediately after pouring into the ladle main body 1, the tilting device 3 is driven in the reverse direction to close the heat retaining lid 4, and as shown in FIG. 5 (b), the lever 22 of the lid opening / closing arm 15 is moved. In a state where the connection between the heat retaining lid 4 and the hanging portion 2 is disconnected by pulling, the lid 4 is closed and placed on a bogie (not shown) with the lid 4 closed to be transported to the casting site. As a result, the temperature drop of the molten metal due to heat radiation from the opening 1a of the ladle body 1 during transportation is greatly reduced, and even if some waiting time occurs during delivery to the casting process, etc., in many cases, A predetermined molten metal temperature can be secured until the hot water distribution is completed.
[0035]
Here, since the ladle has no protruding portion on the lower surface of the ladle main body 1 unlike the method of opening and closing the heat retaining lid with the above-mentioned weight, the ladle falls over when it is landed for pouring or placed on a bogie. There is no danger that the molten metal can be transported safely. A crane can be used for transportation depending on the layout of the factory.
[0036]
At the casting site, as shown in FIG. 8 (a), a hook F of a crane is hung on a hanging ring 8 of a hanging portion 2 of a ladle that has been conveyed and lifted.
[0037]
Then, as shown in FIG. 8B, the lifted ladle is transported to a position above a casting machine (not shown), and the tilting device 3 is driven to tilt the ladle body 1. At this time, the heat retaining lid 4 separated from the hanging portion 2 tilts while being closed in accordance with the tilt of the ladle main body 1 due to its own weight, but the vicinity of the tap hole 1b of the opening 1a of the ladle main body 1 is opened. Therefore, the molten metal is discharged from here and distributed to the casting machine. As a result, a decrease in the temperature of the molten metal during hot water distribution can also be suppressed.
[0038]
Here, the size of the opening of the opening 1a of the ladle main body 1 in a state where the heat retaining lid 4 is closed is designed in consideration of safety and workability of hot water distribution work. That is, during the distribution of the molten metal at the predetermined speed, the molten metal does not hit the heat retaining lid 4 and is not scattered to the surroundings. I have.
[0039]
When the temperature change of the molten metal in the ladle with the lid was measured and compared with the ladle without the heat retaining lid, the temperature drop rate was about 6 ° C./min in the ladle without the lid, while the rate of the temperature drop was about 6 ° C./min. It was confirmed that the temperature was significantly improved to 4 ° C./min.
[0040]
The opening / closing of the heat retaining lid is performed not only at the time of pouring the ladle body described above, but also at the time of warming the inner surface of the cooled ladle body with a gas burner. The work of raising and keeping the temperature of the ladle body can be performed in any empty work space as long as a power supply hose can be connected.
[0041]
In the above-described embodiment, the operation of the lid opening / closing arm is performed manually. However, the operation may be automated by a method such as a combination of a rack and a pinion and driving by a motor.
[0042]
Further, the present invention is not limited to the ladle using the electric tilting device as in the embodiment, but is also applicable to a ladle having a mechanism for relatively tilting the ladle main body and the hanging portion with a manual handle. be able to.
[0043]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention uses the tilting operation of the hanging part relative to the ladle body when the tilting device is driven by connecting the heat retaining lid of the ladle with the lid to the hanging part via the link mechanism. Since the heat-retaining lid is opened, the heat-retention lid can be opened only when needed, and the temperature drop of the molten metal due to heat radiation from the ladle body opening can be reliably suppressed.
[0044]
Therefore, the temperature at the time of pouring the ductile-treated molten metal into the ladle can be set lower than in the case where a ladle without a heat retaining lid is used, and significant energy savings can be realized. In addition, the amount of radiant heat and fumes released from the molten metal in the ladle is reduced, thereby improving the working environment. In addition, there are also effects on the quality of the cast product, such as suppression of fading of residual magnesium, and reduction of the reaction between magnesium and silicon, thereby reducing the generation of slag and cleaning the inside of the ladle body.
[0045]
In addition, since the lid opening / closing mechanism has a simple structure that diverts the existing tilting device, the remodeling cost for attaching the heat retaining lid can be kept low, and it can be used for ladle of various shapes, and repair of refractories Easy to clean and maintain.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a front view of a ladle with a lid according to an embodiment; FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a left side view of FIG. 1; FIG. FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B are main part enlarged front views for explaining connection and disconnection operations of the heat retaining lid and the suspending portion of the ladle of FIG. FIG. 7 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part of the ladle of FIG. 1 in a state where a heat retaining lid is opened. FIGS. 7A and 7B are side views for explaining a heat retaining lid opening and closing operation of the ladle of FIG. Is a side view for explaining the operation of the ladle of FIG. 1 at the time of hot water distribution.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ladle main body 1a Opening 1b Tap hole 2 Hanging part 3 Tilting device 4 Heat retaining lid 5a, 5b Shaft part 6 Beam 7 Column part 8 Hanging ring 9 Case 9a Attachment part 10 Motor 10a Rotary shaft 11 Worm 12 Chain 13 Warm wheel 14 Shaft 15 Lid opening / closing arm 15a Pin portion 16 Pin 17 Connecting portion 18 Lid mounting portion 19 Base 20 Bracket 21 Cover 22 Lever F Hook

Claims (5)

Ladle body, a hanging portion for lifting the ladle body, a tilting device for tilting one of these two members relative to the other, and a lid including a heat retaining lid for closing an upper end opening of the ladle body In the ladle,
The heat retaining lid is rotatably attached to a horizontal support shaft provided on the ladle main body, and is connected to the hanging portion via a link mechanism, and the tilting device is driven to drive the hanging portion to set the ladle main body. A ladle with a lid, characterized in that, by tilting the ladle relative to the ladle, the heat retaining lid rotates in conjunction with the tilting of the hanging portion, and the opening of the ladle main body is opened. The connection between the heat retaining lid and the hanging portion can be disconnected, and the heat retaining lid is formed in a shape that partially opens the opening of the ladle main body on the side opposite to the rotation fulcrum. Separating, by driving the tilting device in a state where the ladle body is lifted and tilting the ladle body, the molten metal in the ladle body can be discharged while the heat retaining lid is closed. The ladle with a lid according to claim 1, wherein Means for enabling disconnection of the connection between the heat retaining lid and the suspending portion is such that the link mechanism is attached to a pin provided on the suspending portion such that one end thereof is movable along the axis thereof, and the other end is The other end of the link mechanism is engaged by engaging with a connecting portion provided on the heat retaining lid to connect the heat retaining lid and the suspension, and moving the link mechanism along the axis of the pin. The ladle with a lid according to claim 2, wherein the engagement between the section and the connecting section of the heat retaining lid is released. One end of the link mechanism is rotatably attached to the pin of the hanging portion around the axis thereof, and the other end is engaged with the connecting portion of the heat retaining lid around the axis of the pin. When rotated, a stopper provided at a position facing the outer peripheral surface of the pin restricts movement along the axis of the pin in a direction in which the other end and the connecting portion of the heat retaining lid are disengaged. The ladle according to claim 3, wherein the ladle is provided. The ladle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the support shaft is detachably inserted into a part of the ladle main body.

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