JP4112117B2 - Intrusion detection apparatus and method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an intrusion detection apparatus and method for detecting an intrusion of a human body in a detection area, and in particular, detects an unintentional detection signal by combining an image sensor and an infrared sensor, and detects a plan action on the apparatus. Intrusion detection apparatus and method
[0002]
[Prior art]
An intrusion of a human body or the like with respect to the detection area can be detected using the intrusion detection device. The intrusion detection apparatus generally uses an infrared detection method using an infrared sensor PIR made of a pyroelectric element.
By using this infrared sensor, it is possible to detect the movement of a human body etc. that emits infrared rays within this detection area by defining the detection area, and to detect the intrusion of a human body etc. into a dark detection area such as at night. Yes.
[0003]
In addition, there is an image sensor that includes a camera such as a CCD and detects a human body based on image information, and can detect a two-dimensional size and fine determination of an object detected by an image signal. In addition, an image act on the apparatus, for example, a cover, can be detected based on the size of the changed area of the image signal.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, since the intrusion detection device using the infrared sensor is configured to detect intrusion basically by movement of the human body that emits infrared rays (differential processing of the detection signal, etc.), it detects when the movement of the human body is fine movement. It was difficult. It is also difficult to detect when the temperature difference between the ambient temperature and the human body is low. In such a case, even if a human body entered the detection area, a detection signal was not issued (unreported).
In addition, there is a similar problem at the time of intrusion accompanied by a plan action that reduces or blocks infrared rays emitted from the human body.
[0005]
On the other hand, in an apparatus using an image sensor, if the detection area is dark, an image cannot be obtained and intrusion cannot be detected. Even if it was intruded at this time, a detection signal could not be output and a misreport occurred. Moreover, it was not possible to discriminate between the light → dark state caused by turning off the illumination at the detection location and the light → dark state caused by a cover or the like.
In addition, when an insect or the like jumps in the immediate vicinity of the image sensor, the rate of change in the image becomes large, and it may be determined that it is a human body intrusion or the like and may be erroneously reported.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and can accurately detect a human body in a detection area without any false or misreporting, and can detect a plan, particularly when the detection area is dark. It is an object of the present invention to provide an intrusion detection device and method that can perform accurate detection.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, an intrusion detection apparatus according to claim 1 of the present invention is an intrusion detection apparatus that detects an intrusion of a human body into a detection area by combining an infrared sensor and an image sensor.
Comparison means for comparing the level of the detection signal detected by the infrared sensor in a plurality of stages;
Image processing means for comparing changes in the image detected by the image sensor in a plurality of stages;
Based on the comparison stage of the detection signal on the infrared sensor side and the comparison stage of the detection signal on the image processing means side, the level of this detection signal is combined to either enter the human body, plan for the device, or in a normal state. Logical processing means for determining whether there is,
It is provided with.
[0008]
In addition, as claimed in claim 2, comprising an illumination means for illuminating the detection area,
In the logic processing means, the detection signal of the infrared sensor is at a level equal to or higher than the lowest threshold value among a plurality of threshold values, and the light amount of the image of the detection signal on the image processing means side is insufficient to a predetermined light amount. Sometimes, the lighting unit is controlled to be turned on, and the determination is performed again.
[0009]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the logic processing means, the detection signal of the infrared sensor is at a level equal to or higher than the lowest threshold value among a plurality of threshold values , and the image of the detection signal on the image processing means side changes. When all the pixels are changed, it may be determined that the device has been designed.
[0010]
The intrusion detection method of the present invention is an intrusion detection method for detecting an intrusion of a human body into a detection area by combining an infrared sensor and an image sensor, as described in claim 4.
Comparing the level of the detection signal detected by the infrared sensor in a plurality of stages,
Comparing changes in the image detected by the image sensor in multiple stages,
Based on the comparison stage of the detection signal on the infrared sensor side and the comparison stage of the detection signal on the image processing means side, the level of this detection signal is combined to either enter the human body, plan for the device, or in a normal state. It is characterized by judging whether it exists.
[0011]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the detection signal of the infrared sensor is at a level equal to or higher than the lowest threshold value among a plurality of threshold values, and the light amount of the image of the detection signal on the image processing means side is a predetermined light amount. It is good also as a structure which makes the said detection area light when it is insufficient, and performs the said determination again.
[0012]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the detection signal of the infrared sensor is at a level equal to or higher than the lowest threshold among a plurality of thresholds , and the change in the image of the detection signal on the image processing means side changes in all pixels. It is good also as a structure which judges that the plan with respect to the apparatus was performed.
[0013]
According to the above configuration, the level of the detection signal detected by the infrared sensor and the level of the detection signal detected by the image sensor are detected in a plurality of stages. The logic processing means determines whether it is a human body intrusion, an image plan for the apparatus, or a normal state by combining the comparison stages of the detection signals of these two sensors.
When the light amount on the image sensor side is insufficient to the predetermined light amount at the time of this determination, the logic processing means detects the light again by controlling the lighting, so that false and misreporting can be prevented. Further, it can be configured at low cost without using an expensive infrared camera.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an intrusion detection device according to the present invention. The apparatus 1 is attached to a wall, a ceiling, or the like, and includes an infrared sensor PIR, an image sensor VID, and a processing unit 2 inside.
Both the infrared sensor PIR and the image sensor VID are set to monitor almost the same detection area.
[0015]
The infrared sensor PIR monitors the detection area with a plurality of detection zones, and outputs a detection signal S1 of a predetermined level when an object such as a human body accompanied by a change in infrared energy of a certain size or more passes through the detection zone. .
The image sensor VID is composed of an imaging means such as a CCD or MOS, and outputs image information in the detection area as a detection signal S2.
[0016]
The detection signal S1 from the infrared sensor PIR is input to the logic processing means 5 through the amplification means 3 and the comparison means 4 (4a, 4b, 4c).
The detection signal S2 from the image sensor VID is input to the logic processing means 5 via the image processing means 6.
[0017]
Based on the combination of the detection signals S1 and S2, the logic processing unit 5 determines the intrusion of a human body or the like in the detection area and the plan for the device 1. At the time of intrusion detection, a human body detection signal S4 is output. When the scheme is detected, the scheme detection signal S5 is output. In the normal state, these detection signals S4 and S5 are not output.
The logic processing unit 5 is configured to execute and control a general-purpose microcomputer including a CPU or the like with a predetermined control program.
[0018]
The comparison unit 4 compares the detection signal S1 with a threshold value. The comparison means 4 is composed of an operational amplifier or the like, and a plurality of threshold values V1, V2, V3 can be set by using a plurality as shown in the figure, and the level of the detection signal S1 is compared, and the comparison result is obtained. Output. A total of four stages of comparison results L1, L2, L3, and L4 ( L1 is the highest level) can be output by the three threshold values V1, V2, and V3 provided with the three comparison units 4a, 4b, and 4c.
Here, L4 means a level less than the lowest threshold level V3 . Further, this level comparison may be performed by numerical conversion by the A / D converter and logical operation processing by the CPU.
[0019]
The image processing means 6 determines the amount of change in the image of the detection signal S2 in a plurality of stages. This image change amount is, for example, a change amount of brightness of an image in units of one frame, detected in units of each pixel, and, based on the total number of pixels, a change amount for the entire image, for example, there are two stages of pixel change and no change. The judgment is output. Also, all pixel changes and partial pixel changes are determined even when there is a pixel change, and an appropriate light amount, excessive light amount, and insufficient light amount are determined even when there is no pixel change (all five levels).
[0020]
The device 1 is provided with illumination means 7 such as a light. The illumination means 7 is controlled to switch on the switch 7a by the logic control (details will be described later) of the logic processing means 5, and is controlled to be lit at a predetermined time (for example, 10 seconds) to increase the brightness of the detection area. . As a result, the amount of light of each pixel of the image by the image sensor VID can be improved by lighting when the detection area is dark, and the reliability of the detection signal S2 can be improved.
[0021]
Next, each aspect of the determination process of the logic processing means 5 in the above configuration will be described. (First embodiment)
In the first embodiment, the single comparison means 4c is used to output which of the two stages of the detection signal S1 of the infrared sensor PIR is based on the threshold value V3. This threshold value V3 is set to a value at which the detection signal S1 exceeds the threshold value when a human body enters.
In addition, the image processing means 6 outputs the above five-step change amount judgment for the detection signal S2 of the image sensor VID.
[0022]
The logic processing means 5 detects the intrusion of a human body into the detection area based on the logical sum of the detection signals S1 and S2.
That is, when the pixel change of the detection signal S2 output from the image processing means 6 is a partial change and the detection signal S1 output from the comparison means 4c exceeds the threshold value V3, it is determined that the human body has entered, The human body detection signal S4 is output. On the other hand, when the detection signal S1 does not exceed the threshold value V1, the human body detection signal S4 is not output.
[0023]
Further, when the detection signal S2 output from the image processing means 6 is a change in all pixels and the detection signal S1 output from the comparison means 4c exceeds the threshold value V3, the cover is covered with respect to the apparatus 1. Therefore, it is determined that an image plan has been applied, and an image plan detection signal S5 is output.
When the detection signal S2 output from the image processing unit 6 has no pixel change and the detection signal S1 output from the comparison unit 4c is equal to or less than the threshold value V3, it is determined that there is no entry.
[0024]
As a result, even if an insect of the image size of the human body temporarily appears in the detection signal S2 of the image sensor VID, the detection signal S1 on the infrared sensor PIR side does not exceed the threshold value V3. Judgment can be prevented and false alarms can be prevented.
In addition, a detection signal from the image sensor VID is also provided when a plan action such as a cover for blocking infrared reception is performed on the infrared sensor PIR or a plan entry that reduces the emission of infrared rays from the human body is made. Based on S2, since this plan action can be detected, it becomes possible to prevent misreporting.
[0025]
(Second Embodiment)
In the second embodiment, by using the three comparison means 4a to 4c in which the threshold values V1, V2, and V3 are set, the detection signal S1 of the infrared sensor PIR is output in any of four stages.
[0026]
The threshold value V2 is set so that the detection signal S1 exceeds the threshold value when a human body enters. The threshold value V1 is set to a value higher than the threshold value V2, and is set so as to correspond to the value detected by the latest infrared ray in the apparatus 1 without being detected in the normal time.
The threshold value V3 is set to a value lower than the threshold value V2. When the detection signal S1 is between V1 and V2, the threshold value V3 is set to cause the logic processing means 5 to function as a warning mode.
Note that, in the same manner as described above, the image processing means 6 outputs the above-mentioned five stages of change amounts for the detection signal S2 of the image sensor VID.
[0027]
The detection signals S1 and S2 are input to the logic processing means 5. The logic processing means 5 determines whether it is human body detection, plan detection, normal, or poor installation environment based on the combination of stages detected by the detection signals S1 and S2. Further, the lighting unit 7 is controlled to be turned on as necessary.
[0028]
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the determination contents of the logic processing means 5.
In the figure, the vertical axis represents the detection output at each stage of the infrared sensor PIR. The horizontal axis represents the detection output of each stage of the image processing means 6.
[0029]
As described above, the detection signal S1 of the infrared sensor PIR is divided into four stages according to the three threshold values V1, V2, and V3. The detection signal S2 of the image sensor VID is roughly divided into two stages with and without pixel change by the image processing means 6, and all pixel changes and partial pixel changes are detected for the presence. For the absence, an appropriate amount of light is detected, or either an excessive amount of light or an insufficient amount of light is detected.
[0030]
Based on the combination of these detection signals S1 and S2, the logic processing means 5 roughly classifies the four states of normal state (no human body intrusion detection), human body detection state, plan detection state, and poor installation environment. The signals S4 and S5 are output to the outside. Here, a configuration in which a detection signal is not output in a normal state may be employed.
[0031]
Each of the illustrated determination contents will be described for each state.
When there is a pixel change in the detection signal S2 from the image sensor VID, and this pixel change is an all-pixel change, if the output from the infrared sensor PIR is equal to or higher than the threshold value V3, it is a plan action such as a cover. Judgment is made (condition * A1 in the figure).
Further, when there is a pixel change in the detection signal S2 from the image sensor VID, even if this pixel change is a partial pixel change, if the output from the infrared sensor PIR is greater than or equal to the threshold value V1, a plan action such as a cover (Condition * A2 in the figure).
[0032]
Further, even if the detection signal S2 from the image sensor VID has no pixel change and the light amount is an appropriate amount, if the output from the infrared sensor PIR is greater than or equal to the threshold value V1, it is determined that the action is a plan action such as a cover. (Condition * A3 in the figure).
In these cases, the logic processing means 5 outputs the scheme detection signal S5 to the outside.
[0033]
On the other hand, when the output from the infrared sensor PIR is less than the threshold value V3, it is determined that the state is normal (no human body detection and no plan detection) (conditions * B, * B1, * B2 in the figure).
Among them, when the pixel change by the detection signal S2 on the image sensor VID side is an all-pixel change, it is determined that the illumination is turned off (condition * B1). Further, when the pixel change is a partial pixel change, it is determined that it is caused by insects flying or shaking of the curtain (condition * B2). By these determinations, it is possible to prevent an erroneous report output due to only a pixel change that has conventionally occurred under the conditions * B1 and * B2.
[0034]
Next, when the detection signal S1 from the infrared sensor PIR is less than the threshold value V1 and equal to or greater than V3 and the detection signal S2 from the image sensor VID is a partial pixel change, and when there is no pixel change, the amount of light is an appropriate amount. Is determined to have entered (condition * C in the figure). In this case, the logic processing means 5 outputs the human body detection signal S4 to the outside.
If the detection signal S1 is between V1 and V3 and there is no pixel change, it can be determined that the camera has entered at the limit of the scan speed or processing speed (condition * C1).
Further, even when there is no pixel change due to the detection signal S2 from the image sensor VID and the light amount is less than a preset light amount (insufficient light amount), it is determined that the human body is detected when the detection signal S1 on the infrared sensor PIR side is equal to or greater than the threshold value V2. (Condition * C2).
[0035]
Since there is no pixel change due to the detection signal S2 from the image sensor VID, and the light amount is less than a preset light amount (light amount shortage) and the detection signal S1 on the infrared sensor PIR side is equal to or greater than the threshold value V3, the light amount is insufficient. The logic processing means 5 performs control to increase the amount of light in the detection area by controlling lighting of the illumination means 7 (condition * D).
[0036]
Specifically, the lighting of the switch 7a is controlled for a certain time (for example, 10 seconds), and the detection signal S2 during this lighting period is captured again.
If the amount of light is appropriate after lighting, the insufficient light amount (condition * D) state is resolved, and any of the above-mentioned conditions * A (planning), * B (normal), * C (human body detection). Can be determined accurately.
[0037]
If the amount of light of the detection signal S2 from the image sensor VID in the lighting control state of the illumination unit 7 is insufficient, it is determined that the device is abnormal (condition * D1), and a signal indicating this defective state is separately output externally. It has a configuration.
Further, in an installation location where it is not preferable to illuminate the detection area with the illumination means 7 (for example, a night room or an optical laboratory), the illumination means 7 is not turned on, and only the detection signal S1 of the infrared sensor PIR detects intrusion. It is good also as a structure switched to perform.
[0038]
When the detection signal S2 from the image sensor VID is excessive in light quantity, it is determined that the installation environment is bad (condition * E), and a signal indicating this state is separately output to the outside.
[0039]
As described above, the apparatus 1 performs a combination determination process using the infrared sensor PIR and the image sensor VID.
Thereby, in particular, it is possible to prevent misreporting due to the limit of the scanning speed or processing speed of the image sensor (video camera) in [1] [Condition * A3, C1].
In addition, with the configuration in which the illumination is turned on under [2] [Condition * D], an inexpensive camera such as an infrared camera can be used without using an expensive image sensor.
In addition, it is possible to make a normal judgment in [3] [conditions * B1, B2], and to prevent the output of false alarms caused by the extinction of the illumination, the insects, and the flying of the curtain, which has conventionally occurred only with the image sensor.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the combination of the level of the detection signal detected by the infrared sensor and the change state of the pixel detected by the image sensor is determined by the logic processing means, so that the human body intrusion, the device plan, or the normal state It will be possible to accurately determine which one is.
In particular, by utilizing the advantages of both sensors and making up for the shortcomings, it is possible to accurately determine each state and prevent false or misreporting and obtain a true output.
[0041]
In addition, when the amount of light in the detection area is insufficient and the reliability of the detection signal of the image sensor is low, the detection accuracy can be improved by turning on the illumination means and taking in the detection signal of the image sensor again. It becomes like this. Further, accurate detection can be performed using an inexpensive camera without using an expensive infrared camera or the like.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of an intrusion detection device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a determination state of a logic processing unit.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Intrusion detection apparatus, 3 ... Amplification means, 4 ... Comparison means, 5 ... Logic processing means, 7 ... Illumination means, PIR ... Infrared sensor, VID ... Image sensor, S1, S2 ... Detection signal, S4 ... Human body detection signal, S5: An image detection signal.

Claims (6)

In an intrusion detection device that detects an intrusion of a human body into a detection area by combining an infrared sensor and an image sensor,
Comparison means for comparing the level of the detection signal detected by the infrared sensor in a plurality of stages;
Image processing means for comparing changes in the image detected by the image sensor in a plurality of stages;
Based on the comparison stage of the detection signal on the infrared sensor side and the comparison stage of the detection signal on the image processing means side, the level of this detection signal is combined to either enter the human body, plan for the device, or in a normal state. Logical processing means for determining whether there is,
An intrusion detection device comprising: Illuminating means for illuminating the detection area;
In the logic processing means, the detection signal of the infrared sensor is at a level equal to or higher than the lowest threshold value among a plurality of threshold values, and the light amount of the image of the detection signal on the image processing means side is insufficient to a predetermined light amount. The intrusion detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the lighting unit is sometimes controlled to turn on and the determination is performed again. The logic processing unit is an apparatus when the detection signal of the infrared sensor is at a level equal to or higher than the lowest threshold value among a plurality of threshold values , and the change in the image of the detection signal on the image processing unit side is changing in all pixels. The intrusion detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the intrusion detection apparatus determines that an image has been taken. In an intrusion detection method that detects an intrusion of a human body into a detection area by combining an infrared sensor and an image sensor,
Comparing the level of the detection signal detected by the infrared sensor in multiple stages, comparing the change in the image detected by the image sensor in multiple stages,
Based on the comparison stage of the detection signal on the infrared sensor side and the comparison stage of the detection signal on the image processing means side, the level of this detection signal is combined to either enter the human body, plan for the device, or in a normal state. An intrusion detection method characterized by determining whether or not there is. Illuminate the detection area when the detection signal of the infrared sensor is at a level equal to or higher than the lowest threshold value among a plurality of threshold values and the light amount of the image of the detection signal on the image processing means side is insufficient to a predetermined light amount. The intrusion detection method according to claim 4, wherein the determination is performed again. When the detection signal of the infrared sensor is at a level equal to or higher than the lowest threshold value among a plurality of threshold values , and the change in the image of the detection signal on the image processing means side is changing in all pixels, the device is designed. The intrusion detection method according to claim 4 for determining.

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