JP4101733B2 - Recording / playback device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a reproducing apparatus for recording or reproducing information on a recording medium.

  In recent years, applications of optical discs in various fields are expanding. An optical disk is divided into a recordable RAM disk and a non-recordable ROM disk. However, a RAM disk is 5 to 10 times more expensive to manufacture media than a ROM disk. Therefore, ROM discs are mainly used for applications that require a large amount of information, such as electronic publishing applications and music software and video software applications that require low media costs. However, as the application to interactive applications is widened as seen in CD-ROM game machines and CD-ROM built-in personal computers, the RAM function is also required for ROM disks. Since there are few applications that require a large RAM capacity for consumer use, the emergence of a new concept media that realizes the three conditions of small capacity RAM function, large capacity ROM function, and low cost in consumer interactive applications is awaited. It was. Recently, illegally duplicated versions of ROM disks such as CDs have become available, causing serious damage to copyright holders. There is also a need for anti-duplication methods such as CD. Also, a software distribution method in which a plurality of encrypted programs are put on a disk and unlocked with a password is becoming widespread, and it is required to record different ID numbers for each ROM in order to increase password security.

  One method for realizing this concept is to provide one magnetic recording layer on the back surface of the R0M disk. In this case, the recording layer forming process can be performed at a cost less than one-tenth of the cost of the ROM disk, so that a partial RAM disk can be realized without increasing the cost of the ROM disk. As for a ROM disk such as a CD-ROM that does not have a cartridge as one method, as shown in Patent Documents 1 to 4, a method of providing an optical recording part on the front surface of the CD-ROM and a magnetic recording part on the back surface is as follows. It has already been proposed. Further, as shown in Patent Document 5, an optical recording unit made of a non-magnetic material is provided on the front surface as in an optical disc using an amorphous material, and a disk having a magnetic recording layer having magnetism on the back surface is used. Discloses that a magnetic head is provided for magnetic recording.

In addition, with regard to the anti-duplication method, use of the fact that the disc cannot be manufactured without special manufacturing equipment by intentionally scratching the disc, adding a watermark, or making a special disc by a special process. Only the means for preventing duplication were disclosed.
JP 56-163536 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-6446 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-212642 JP-A-2-179951 JP-A-60-70543

  However, these methods do not disclose any requirements necessary for concrete implementation by simply combining the magnetic recording unit and the optical recording unit. For example, a method for preventing mutual interference between the optical recording unit and the magnetic recording unit, a method for accessing a magnetic track with a simple configuration, a method for sharing a circuit, and a magnetic medium used without a cartridge, which are important in realizing a device. There is no disclosure regarding a method for protecting recorded information from an external environment such as magnetism or wear, a method for compressing information recorded in a RAM area, a method for speeding up access, a specific physical format of a track, or the like.

  In addition, the method of mass production of media important for realizing the media at low cost, the method of matching the media with the CD standard, etc., that is, the method for concretely realizing the consumer partial RAM disk is quite complete. It was not disclosed in the prior art. Therefore, the conventionally disclosed methods have a serious problem that it is difficult to practically use media and systems that can be used for consumer use.

  It is an object of the present invention to provide a reproducing apparatus and medium that specifically realize the above-mentioned items of a ROM disk type partial RAM disk and system used without a cartridge such as a CD-ROM.

  Next, with respect to the illegal duplication prevention method, the present invention aims to realize a duplication prevention disk and apparatus by a method such as changing the physical arrangement of addresses without using a special method as conventionally proposed. .

In order to achieve this object, the reproducing apparatus of the present invention images light from a light source onto a recording medium composed of a transparent substrate and an optical recording layer by an optical head and forms an image on the optical recording layer from the transparent substrate side. A recording / reproducing apparatus for performing reproduction includes position detecting means for detecting the position or pit depth of address information recorded on the medium, encryption decrypting means, and a collating section.
That is, the sub-information is recorded on a specific track by wobbling and the recording medium on which the encryption of the main information is recorded is reproduced by using an optical head to obtain the encryption and the vertical tracking. The sub-information is obtained by a detection unit that detects the displacement of the direction position, and after performing a specific process using the sub-information, the cipher is decrypted.

  With this configuration, the illegally duplicated disk can be detected by collating the physical position information recorded on the recording medium and the position detecting unit with the collating unit using the physical position information of the medium.

  That is, in the illegally duplicated medium, since the tracking displacement is not usually added, it is easy to identify this. Even if a tracking displacement is added, the tracking displacement of a specific address in the same angle zone, unlike the regular disk, the decryption of the program by the encryption decoder etc. stops and it is treated as an illegal copy disk.

  The recorded recording medium is applied to a music CD, HD, game CD-ROM, or MD-ROM, and a magnetic recording track is provided on the back side of the ROM type recording / reproducing shown in the block diagram of FIG. Reproduction by the apparatus 1 can provide a significant effect such as being able to return to the state at the time of reproduction and the previous use. Even when recording is limited to only one track in the TOC area, if the gap width is 200 μm, several hundred bits can be recorded. This capacity meets the demands required for the current use of game IC-ROMs with dull memory. When limited to TOC, the magnetic track access means becomes unnecessary, and the system is simplified.

  In a read / write type recording / reproducing apparatus for optical recording, it is necessary to provide a magnetic head portion etc. on the opposite side of the recording medium opposite to the optical head. This component is used for magnetic field modulation of magneto-optical recording. Because it can be used with the head, the price can be reduced by mass production. Originally, the magnetic recording component for low density is much cheaper than the optical recording component, so the price increase is small. No tracking mechanism is added to mechanically link the optical head and the magnetic head on the opposite side. Therefore, the cost increase is small.

  Tracking of the optical head based on the address information or time information carved on the optical recording layer on the surface of the RAM type or ROM type recording medium does not provide high tracking accuracy, but any position on the disk In addition, tracking control of the magnetic head can be performed. As a result, for consumer use such as a linear sensor or a linear actuator found in a floppy (registered trademark) disk, there is an effect that it is not necessary to add any expensive parts.

  A protective layer on the back surface of a conventional magnetic field modulation type magneto-optical recording medium is manufactured from a binder and a lubricant by spin coating. In the case of the present invention, in addition to the effect of claim 1, in this same process, a magnetic material is added to this material and spin-coated, and the manufacturing process is not increased. This increase in cost is an order that can be ignored in terms of the overall cost. Therefore, a new value of magnetic recording function is added with almost no increase in cost.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the magnetic channel can be added with almost no increase in cost. Therefore, in addition to the effect of the first aspect, the RAM function can be added to the conventional ROM type optical disk and ROM dedicated player.

  In the present invention, a consumer partial RAM disk may be specifically realized with respect to a ROM disk without a cartridge such as a CD-ROM and a ROM disk with a cartridge such as an MD-ROM.

  In the configuration according to claim 1, in the case of a ROM disk without a cartridge, the conventional system in which a magnetic recording layer is simply provided on the back surface thereof cannot be used for consumer use as described above. This is because the usage environment varies widely for consumer use. In the home, it is affected by magnets, dirt, scratches, and the like. Under the worst conditions, if the magnetic recording layer is exposed like a floppy (registered trademark) disk, the recorded information is easily destroyed. In the present invention, the Hc of the media is increased to 1200 Oe or more, and the magnetic field countermeasure of the magnet is taken to ensure reliability. Further, a hard protective layer having a Mohs hardness of 5 or more is provided on the magnetic recording layer to prevent scratches on the nails and the like. Measures against contamination are taken by using a water-repellent material for the medium as a protective layer or by providing a cleaning mechanism in the system.

  When such a medium is used, it is naturally necessary to make the system configuration and functions compatible with this special medium. Generally, a floppy disk (registered trademark) disk or a hard disk magnetic disk causes a space loss on the order of several hundred angstroms. On the other hand, in the present invention, since the protective film or the printing layer is on the magnetic recording layer, the space loss is an order of magnitude 1 μm or more as compared with the magnetic recording of a normal magnetic disk. In order to record this, in the present invention, the head gap of the magnetic head is increased to 5 μm or more. This has the effect that the medium of the present invention having high environmental resistance can be reproduced. In order to reduce the cost, in the case of a CD on an optical track, the optical head is accessed to a specific optical track by using address information called a subcode recorded 75 times per second, and linked with the optical head. A specific magnetic track is tracked by a moving magnetic head. In this case, the magnetic head and the optical head can be moved by using a single actuator. This has the effect of greatly reducing costs.

  Further, since the magnetic noise jumping from the actuator portion of the optical head into the magnetic head is 40 dB or more, there is an effect that the level of the mixed noise is lowered by shielding the optical head or separating the positions of the magnetic head and the optical head. In addition, since the medium cannot be provided with a liquid lubricating layer, the magnetic head is severely worn. For this reason, the information in the magnetic recording layer is temporarily stored in the internal memory, and during the information processing, the contents of the internal memory are rewritten to reduce the number of times of recording / reproducing of the magnetic head. The actual number of passes of the magnetic head is reduced away from the disk surface. Therefore, there is an effect that the life of the medium and the head is remarkably extended. In addition, a “variable track pitch mode” is provided in order to speed up the rise when the disc is inserted. In this order, magnetic tracks are formed in that order just behind the optical tracks in the order of the optical tracks accessed by the optical head at the time of startup. Then, at the time of start-up, the optical track accesses these magnetic tracks in order, and the magnetic head automatically accesses them. If the magnetic recording data required at the time of rising is recorded on these magnetic tracks, the information on the magnetic track required at the time of rising is reproduced without accessing the magnetic track excessively. In this way, there is an effect that the loss time is eliminated and the start-up is accelerated. In addition, when there is information on the magnetic track for each song, there is also an effect that access to personal data for each song at the time of, for example, karaoke is quickened. Further, unlike the normal floppy (registered trademark), it is not necessary to provide the head portion of the data of each track on a specific angle, and since the synchronization area can be randomly arranged, the rotation angle detection is not required and the cost of the equipment is reduced. Go down.

  Further, in addition to the configuration according to claim 1, in a disk with a cartridge such as MD-ROM, a magnetic material having a low Hc used for a floppy (registered trademark) or the like can be used for a magnetic recording layer. There is no increase in space loss due to the protective layer. However, since it is not considered to attach a liner to the cartridge originally, when the liner is provided, the torque of the drive motor so far is weak and does not rotate normally due to the generation of friction torque. Therefore, in the present invention, the liner is temporarily brought into contact with the media surface only during magnetic recording. This partial liner method has an effect of preventing the influence of dust. Further, the configuration in which the magneto-optical magnetic field modulation head is shared with the magnetic head has the effect of reducing the number of parts.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to realize the anti-duplication disk and apparatus by a method such as changing the physical arrangement of addresses without using a special method as conventionally proposed. In addition, while satisfying standards such as CD, a medium having a magnetic recording unit on the back side of an optical recording surface and a recording / reproducing apparatus can be realized at a cost for consumer use while ensuring reliability in a use environment for consumer use. .

(Example 1 (reference example) )
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the reference invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a recording / reproducing apparatus according to a reference invention . The recording / reproducing apparatus 1 includes therein a recording medium 2 including a magnetic recording layer 3, an optical recording layer 4 for optical recording, and a light transmission layer 5.

  At the time of magneto-optical reproduction, the light from the light emitting section is converged on the optical recording layer 4 by the optical head 6 and the optical recording block 7 to reproduce the recording signal recorded magneto-optically. At the time of optical recording, the laser light is converged to a specific portion of the optical recording layer 4 by the optical head 6 and the optical recording block 7, and the temperature is raised to the Curie temperature or higher. In this state, the magnetic head 8 and the magnetic recording block 9 modulate the applied magnetic field in this portion, thereby performing conventional magneto-optical recording.

  At the time of magnetic recording, a magnetic signal is recorded on the magnetic recording layer 3 using the magnetic head 8 and the magnetic recording block 9. The system control unit 10 obtains operation information and output information from each circuit, drives the drive block 11, and controls the motor 12, tracking of the optical head 6, and focus control.

  Next, detailed operation will be described. When recording an external input signal, a recording command is sent from the keyboard 15 or the external interface unit 14 to the system control unit 10 when the external input signal is received or by a key operation by the operator. The system control unit 10 sends an input command to the input unit 12 and sends an optical recording command to the optical recording block 7. An external input, for example, an audio or video signal is input to the input unit 12 and becomes a digital signal such as PCM. This signal is sent to the input unit 32 of the optical recording block 7, and error correction is encoded by the ECC encoder 35, and the magnetic recording circuit 29 and the magnetic head circuit 31 in the magnetic recording block 9 are passed through the optical circuit 37. Then, a recording magnetic field corresponding to the optical recording signal is given to the magneto-optical material sent to the magnetic head 8 and within a specific range of the optical recording layer 4. The recording material in a narrower range of the recording layer 4 is heated to a temperature above the Curie temperature by the laser beam from the optical head 6, and the magnetization reversal of this portion occurs by the above-described applied magnetic field. Accordingly, as the recording medium 2 rotates, as the recording medium 2 travels in the direction of the arrow 51 shown in FIG. It is recorded one after another as shown in the figure.

  At this time, the system control unit 10 obtains tracking information, address information, and clock information recorded on the optical recording layer 4 from the optical head circuit 39 and the optical reproducing circuit 38, and based on this information, the control information is transmitted to the drive block 11. give. More specifically, the system control unit 10 controls the rotational speed of the motor 17 by giving a control signal to the motor drive circuit 26 so that the relative speed between the optical head 6 and the recording medium 2 becomes a predetermined linear speed.

  The optical head drive circuit 25 and the optical head actuator 18 are controlled so that the light beam scans the target track, and the focus is controlled so that the optical recording layer 4 is focused. When accessing another track, the head base 19 is moved by the actuator 23 and the head moving circuit 24, and the optical head 6 and the magnetic head 8 on the head base 19 are moved in conjunction with each other. Therefore, both heads reach the front and back tracks at the same radial position desired. The head lifting / lowering unit 20 is driven by a magnetic head lifting / lowering circuit 22 and a lifting / lowering motor 21. The magnetic head 8 is prevented from being worn away from the recording layer 3. As described above, the system control unit 10 sends control information to the drive block 11 to control the tracking and focusing of the optical head 6 and the magnetic head 8, the raising and lowering of the magnetic head 8, the rotational speed of the motor 17, and the like.

  Next, a method for reproducing a magneto-optical recording signal will be described. First, using the enlarged view of the optical recording head portion of FIG. 2, the laser light from the light emitting portion 57 travels in the direction indicated by the optical path 59 by the polarization beam splitter 55 and is focused on the optical recording layer 4 of the recording medium 2 by the lens 54. Tie. In this case, focusing tracking control is performed by driving only the lens 54 by the optical head driving unit 18. As shown in FIG. 2, the magneto-optical material of the optical recording layer is in a magnetized state corresponding to the optical recording signal. For this reason, the deflection angle of the reflected light shown in the optical path 59a differs depending on the magnetization direction due to the Kerr effect. With respect to the polarization angle θ, the reflected light is divided by the polarization beam splitter 55a, the light receiving portions 58 and 58a are respectively provided, and the difference between the two light reception signals can be detected to detect the magnetization direction, so that the optical recording signal can be reproduced. . Since the operation at the time of reproducing the optical signal is the same as that of the conventional magneto-optical recording, it will not be described in further detail. This reproduction signal is sent from the optical head 6 in FIG. 1 to the optical recording block 7, and is error-corrected in the ECC decoder 36 via the optical head circuit 39 and the optical reproduction circuit 38, and the original digital signal is reproduced and output. Sent to the unit 33. The output unit 33 has a memory unit 34 where recording signals for a predetermined time are accumulated. For example, when a 250 kbps compressed acoustic signal is stored using a 1 Mbit IC memory, a signal of about 4 seconds can be stored. When used in an acoustic player, if the tracking of the optical head 6 is lost due to external vibration, the acoustic signal will be unbroken if it recovers within 4 seconds. This scheme is well known. The signal from the output unit 33 is sent to the output unit 13 at the final stage, and in the case of an acoustic signal, it is PCM demodulated and then output to the outside as an analog acoustic signal.

  Next, the magnetic recording mode will be described. In FIG. 1, an external input signal that enters the input unit or a signal from the system control unit 10 is sent to the input unit 21 of the magnetic circuit block 9, and uses the ECC encoder 35 in the optical recording block 7, Encoding such as error correction is performed. The encoded signal is sent to the magnetic head by the magnetic recording circuit 29 and the magnetic head circuit 31. The magnetic recording signal sent to the magnetic head 8 becomes a magnetic field by the coil 40, magnetizes the magnetic material of the magnetic recording layer 3, and is perpendicularly recorded as a magnetic signal 61. Is made. The recording medium 2 has a perpendicular magnetization film.

  As the magnetic medium 2 travels in the direction of the arrow 51, magnetic signals are recorded one after another according to the magnetic recording signal as shown in FIG. Although the magnetic field in this case is also applied to the magneto-optical recording layer 4, the coercive force of the magneto-optical recording material below the Curie temperature is several thousand to 10,000 Oe and is magnetized unless it is raised above the Curie temperature. It is not affected by the magnetic field of magnetic recording.

  However, if the magnetically recorded portion of the magnetic recording layer 3 and the optical recording layer 4 using the magneto-optical recording film are too close to each other, the magnetic field from the magnetic recording portion will be several tens of times in the optical recording layer 4 portion. It may reach several hundred Oe. For magneto-optical recording under these conditions, when the temperature of the optical recording layer 4 is raised to the Curie temperature or higher by a light beam, magnetization reversal is caused by the magnetic field from the magnetic recording layer 3 and the error rate increases during optical recording. Therefore, the thickness of the interference layer 81 is provided between the magnetic recording layer 3 and the optical recording layer 4 as shown in the sectional view of the recording medium in FIG. Since protective layers 82 and 82 a for preventing deterioration are provided on both sides of the optical recording layer 4, the sum of the thickness of the interference layer 81 and the protective layer 82 becomes the interference interval L. In this case, if the magnetic recording wavelength is λ, the attenuation amount is 56.4 × L / λ. Therefore, when λ = 0.5 μm is set, it is effective if L is 0.2 μm or more. The same effect can be obtained even if the thickness of the protective layer 82 is not less than L as shown in FIG. The manufacturing method is described. A protective layer 82 and an interference layer 81 are provided on the magneto-optical recording layer 4, and a material obtained by mixing a lubricant, a binder, and a magnetic material having perpendicular anisotropy such as barium ferrite is spin-coated. Thus, the magnetic recording layer 3 is formed by applying a vertical magnetic field to the substrate. Thereby, the recording medium 2 as shown in the sectional view of the recording medium in FIG. 8 suitable for perpendicular magnetic recording can be obtained.

  The above is the case where the optical recording layer 4 for magneto-optical recording is provided, but the reproducing apparatus 1 of the present invention can also reproduce a ROM disk such as a CD. As shown in the sectional view of the recording medium in FIG. 9, a reflective film 84 such as aluminum is formed on the pit portion of the substrate 5 on which pits are formed by sputtering or the like, and a lubricant, a binder, and a magnetic material are formed thereon. The mixed material is applied to the substrate while applying a magnetic field in the vertical direction, and the magnetic recording layer 3 having a perpendicular magnetic recording film is formed, whereby the ROM type recording medium 2 can be obtained. Since this medium has a CD ROM function on the front surface and a RAM function on the back surface, various effects as described later can be obtained. In this case, the cost increases only by adding a magnetic material to the material for forming the protective film by the spin coating performed in the current CD. For this reason, the increase in manufacturing cost is only the cost of the magnetic material itself. Since this cost is one tenth of the manufacturing cost of the media, the cost increase is extremely small.

  The tracking during magnetic recording will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, based on the tracking information reproduced from the optical head 6 and the optical head circuit 39, a movement command is sent from the system controller 10 to the head moving circuit 24 to drive the actuator 23, and the head base 19 is moved in the tracking direction. Moving. Then, as shown in the enlarged view of the head portion only in the tracking direction of FIG. That is, the optical head driving unit 18 that drives the optical head 6 is mechanically coupled to the magnetic head 8 via the head base 19 and the head lifting / lowering unit 20. For this reason, the magnetic head 8 moves in the tracking direction in conjunction with the movement of the optical head. That is, if the optical head 6 is controlled to the specific optical track 66, the magnetic head 8 moves onto the specific magnetic track 67 on the back surface of the optical track 66. Guard bands 68 and 68a are provided on both sides of the track. This is a further enlarged view of the magnetic head portion of FIG. If the position of the optical head 6 is controlled so as to scan a specific Tnth optical track 65, the magnetic head 8 travels on a specific Mmth magnetic track 67 on the back surface.

  In this way, only the optical head drive system is required, and there is no need to provide a separate tracking control means for the magnetic head 8. The linear sensor, which was necessary for magnetic disk drives, is also unnecessary.

  Next, an access method for the optical track and the magnetic track will be described. The optical head 6 is tracked in conjunction with the magnetic head 8. For this reason, if the optical track information being recorded / reproduced from the lower surface is different from the radial position of the magnetic track to be accessed from the upper surface, both cannot be accessed at the same time. In the case of data, only slow access is not a fatal problem, but in the case of a continuous signal such as an audio signal or an image signal, interruption is not allowed. For this reason, magnetic recording cannot be performed during normal-speed optical recording / reproduction. In this embodiment, a memory unit 34 is provided in the input unit 32 and the output unit 33, and a method of storing a signal having a time several times the maximum access time of magnetic recording is employed. Therefore, as shown in the timing chart of the magnetic recording in FIG. 6, by increasing the rotational speed of the recording medium 2 during recording / reproducing to n times, the optical recording / reproducing time T becomes 1 / n compared with the normal speed, and T1, T2. Therefore, the time T0 which is n-1 times the recording / reproducing time from t = t3 to t = t is the margin time. The magnetic track is accessed during the access time Ta between t3 and t4 in a part of the margin time T0, and magnetic recording / reproduction is performed during the recording / reproduction period TR from t4 to t6, and the feedback period from t5 to t6. By accessing and returning to the original optical track or the next optical track again during Tb, optical recording and magnetic recording can be accessed in a time division manner with one head moving unit. In this case, the memory unit 34 is set to have a capacity capable of storing a continuous signal during the margin period To.

  Track access of the magnetic head just described will be described using the magnetic recording timing chart of FIG. 6 and the cross-sectional views of the recording section of FIGS. First, after the cassette 42 shown in the perspective view of FIG. 15 is inserted into the recording / reproducing apparatus 1 shown in the perspective view of the recording / reproducing apparatus in FIG. 16, the index of the recording surface of the recording medium 2 is first shown in FIG. The light beam of the optical head 6 is imaged on the optical track 65 in the TOC area where information is recorded. Then, the TOC information is reproduced. At this time, the magnetic head 8 travels on the magnetic track 67 on the back surface, and the magnetic recording information on this track is reproduced. In this way, as the first work, information on the optical track in the TOC of the recording medium 2 is reproduced, and at the same time, information such as the previous access contents recorded on the magnetic track, the status at the time of the completion of the previous work, and the like are obtained. This content is displayed on the display unit 16 as shown in FIG.

  For example, in the case of acoustic information, the last song number at the end of the previous time, the elapsed time at the time of interruption, the reserved song number, etc. are automatically recorded in the magnetic recording area. Next, when the recording medium 2 is inserted again into the magnetic recording / reproducing apparatus, the information at the end of the previous time recorded on the magnetic track 67 together with the table of contents information of the optical track 65 is reproduced as described above, The display is as shown in FIG. FIG. 16 shows a state in which the previous access end time, the operator name, the last song number, the elapsed time at the time of interruption, the previously preset song order and the song number are recorded and displayed. Specifically, "Contineu?" Is displayed, and you are asked. If you enter "Yes", music playback resumes from the point where the song with the same song number was interrupted at the end of the previous session. If “No” is entered, the music is played in the preset order. In this way, the operator can automatically reproduce the previously interrupted content as it is or listen to it in the order of the favorite song. As shown in the perspective view of the game machine of FIG. 18, the game CD-ROM device records and reproduces the content of the game that was interrupted last time, for example, the number of stages, the number of points acquired, and the number of items reached. When it is desired to restart the game after a while, an effect not found in the conventional CD-ROM type game machine can be obtained, in which the game can be restarted from the same position as the previous time in the same state.

  The above is the case of a simple access method for accessing the magnetic track in the TOC area. In this case, although the memory capacity is small, it has the effect of being the simplest and the cheapest.

  Next, a junction for accessing a track other than the TOC area will be described. FIG. 11 shows a state where the optical head 6 is accessing the specific optical track 65a. At this time, the magnetic head 8 interlocked with the optical head 6 accesses the magnetic track 67a on the back side of the optical track 65a. When the necessary magnetic recording information is on another track, that is, the magnetic track 67b that is separated from the magnetic track 67a, it is necessary to move the magnetic head 8 to the magnetic track 67b. In this case, as described with reference to the timing chart of FIG. 6, it is necessary to complete the movement, recording, and return of the head during the margin period To. In this case, the magnetic track NO. And the corresponding optical track NO. Is recorded, the information is read, and the necessary magnetic track No. is read. Optical track NO. Can be calculated. Next, as shown in FIG. 12, the head base 19 is moved during the access time Ta, and the optical head 6 is fixed so as to access the optical track 65b of this optical track number. Then, the magnetic head 8 tracks a predetermined magnetic track 67b. Thus, magnetic recording or reproduction can be performed. In this case, while the optical track 65a is being tracked as shown in FIG. 13, the magnetic head 8 is lifted up by the elevating motor 21 and separated from the magnetic recording layer, and the motor as shown by ω in FIG. 6 during the access time Ta. Reduce the rotational speed of 17. While the rotational speed is decreasing, the magnetic head 8 is lowered and brought into contact with the magnetic recording layer 3. Thereby, destruction of the magnetic head 8 can be prevented. During TR, the rotational speed is increased and magnetic recording is performed. During Tb, the rotational speed is decreased and the magnetic head 8 is raised, and then the rotational speed is increased again to return to the original optical track 65a as shown in FIG. Optical recording / reproduction is performed during Since the data stored in the memory 34 is reproduced during the margin time To, continuous reading signals such as music are not interrupted. As shown in FIG. 14, the magnetic head 8 is not lowered when an instruction indicating that magnetic recording is not required is given to the TOC area even during access to the TOC area. As a result, even when the recording medium 2 not provided with the magnetic recording layer 3 is inserted, an accident that the magnetic head 8 is contacted and destroyed can be prevented. In this way, by raising and lowering the magnetic head 8 during the period when the rotational speed is lowered, there is an effect that the destruction and friction of the magnetic head can be greatly reduced. FIG. 15 is a perspective view of the cassette 42 for storing the optical recording medium 2. A shutter 88, a magnetic recording prevention collar 89, and an optical recording prevention collar 89a are provided, and recording prevention can be set separately. Of course, the ROM type cassette is provided only with the magnetic recording prevention latch 89a.

  FIG. 17 is a block diagram of a recording / reproducing apparatus for reproducing optical recording. The optical recording block and the ECC encoder are deleted from the optical recording block as compared with FIG. Compared with a reproduction player such as a general CD player, the magnetic head lifting / lowering unit 20, the magnetic head 8 and the magnetic recording block 9 are added. . In addition, these costs are much lower than optical recording-related parts, so the cost increase is small. Although the storage capacity is smaller than that of floppy (registered trademark), information can be recorded and reproduced on a ROM-type recording medium at such a low cost. Various effects are born. In our estimation, in the case of a disk having a diameter of 60 mm, a memory capacity of magnetic recording of about 1 KB to 10 KB can be obtained by using a magnetic head for magnetic field modulation. The current game ROMIC is equipped with SRAM 2KB or 8KB memory.

  Here, the error correction encoder 35 and the error correction decoder 36 of FIG. 1 will be described in detail.

No error correction is performed in a normal density interchangeable magnetic disk such as a fixed disk or a widely used 3.5-inch 2HD or 2DD floppy disk. For example, in the case of 3.5 HD floppy disk 2HD, which is currently in the mainstream, the error rate when recording / reproducing is close to 10 ⁻¹² at 135 TPI. Therefore, when put in the cartridge, there is no oil or scratch on the hand, so there are few burst errors, and it is not necessary to use error correction including interleaving. On the other hand, when a magnetic recording layer is provided by coating, vapor deposition, or sputtering on the front surface or the back surface of the medium surface of the CD-ROM, it is used without a cartridge. For this reason, a large burst error occurs due to oil on human hands or large dust or scratches.

The medium of the present invention has a magnetic recording layer of Hc = 1900 Oe and a space loss of 9 to 10 microns due to the printing layer and the protective layer applied to the CD label side. FIG. 203 shows the results of an experiment in which this medium was recorded / reproduced 10 ⁶ times at 500 BPI, that is, a wavelength of 50 μm, by MFM modulation using an amorphous laminated magnetic head with a head gap of 30 μm, and the appearance frequency of each pulse width was measured. FIG. 203 (a) shows the measurement result of the pulse width up to 1 ms, and FIG. 203 (b) shows the enlarged measurement data up to 100 μs.

As indicated by an arrow 51a in FIG. 203 (a), several burst errors with a long period occur for 10 ⁶ samples. Accordingly, as shown in the error correction unit 35 in FIGS. 1 and 202, interleaving, in detail, as shown in FIG. 207, ECC encoding is performed before or after interleaving.

Here, error correction will be described quantitatively in detail from actual experimental data of the present invention. As can be seen from FIG. 203 (b), the intervals of 1T, 1.5T, and 2T of the MFM modulation are sufficiently large in 10 ⁶ times. For this reason, when the condition is bad, an error rate of about 10 ⁻⁵ to 10 ⁻⁶ can be generated.

  Burst errors occur so much that they cannot be seen on a disk, such as a floppy, in a cartridge. There are also several random errors. In other words, interleaving and strong error correction are necessary to use without a cartridge. However, if the error correction code amount is increased too much, the redundancy increases and the data amount decreases. Therefore, as a target value for measures against burst errors, an acceptable standard for CD scratches is helpful. The probability of occurrence of scratches on the outer surface is the same for both the optical recording surface and the label surface. FIG. 204 shows the error correction capability for scratches on the optical recording surface in the case of a CD. When four symbols are corrected, it is possible to correct a flaw of up to 14 frames, that is, a flaw having a size of 2.38 mm. The interleave length is 108 frames, that is, 18.36 mm. Therefore, optimum redundancy can be obtained by selecting an error correction capability including interleaving so that an error can be corrected even for a scratch of 2.38 mm or less in the magnetic recording layer. In this way, even if the user handles the magnetic recording unit in the same manner as a conventional CD or CD-ROM and can damage the magnetic recording unit, the error correction including interleaving of the present invention is performed, and the error is corrected by the encoder 35 and decoder 36. No data error occurs. For this reason, the recording medium of the present invention has a great effect that it does not hinder data reproduction at all even if it is damaged like a CD. The effect is that the user can handle it as easily as a CD.

In the case of the present invention, interleaving of 18 mm or more and Reed-Solomon error correction are used, and as shown in FIG. 206, the outermost peripheral portion is 7 mm and the innermost peripheral portion is 3 mm with a redundancy of 1.2 times the range of 10%. It was confirmed by experiments that the scratches on the surface can be corrected. It was found that under this condition, a scratch of 2.38 mm or more, which is the same level as a CD, can be corrected. That is, as shown in FIG. 205, the interleave length L _D on the data is taken, and the physical interleave length L _{M is set} to 18 mm or more on the medium surface. Then, as shown in the error rate diagram of FIG. 206, by taking the data amount of the error correction code such as Reed-Solomon to be 0.08 to 0.32 times the value of the original data, error correction for scratches equivalent to CD can be performed. A great effect is obtained. In this case, error correction with the minimum necessary redundancy corresponding to a scratch similar to a CD is possible, so that the overall data recording / reproducing efficiency is optimized, and a great effect is obtained that the substantial recording capacity is maximized.

Here, the entire circuit configuration will be described. 202 shows in detail the encoder 35 and decoder 36 for error correction in FIG. 1. The magnetic recording signal is ECC-encoded by a Reed-Solomon decoder 35a that performs Reed-Solomon encoding operation, and the interleave unit 35b in FIG. In the interleave table, a parity 452a in the horizontal direction is added to the ECC encoded data string that is continuous in the horizontal direction of the arrows 51a and 51aa. When this data string is read in the vertical direction as shown by the arrow 51b, the original data is separated on the medium surface by the dispersion distance L as shown in FIG. 207 (b), and even if a burst error occurs. It can be restored by the parity 452. By converting the dispersion distance L on the medium surface to 19 mm or more as described above, a recovery capability similar to CD can be obtained. When reproducing the magnetically recorded data in this manner, the reproduction signal is distributed and recorded by de-interleaving 36b shown in FIG. 208 by once mapping the data to the RAM 36x and performing address conversion opposite to that in FIG. 207. The recorded magnetic recording data is returned to the original array. Then, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 210, the Reed-Solomon decoder 36a shown in FIG. 209 (b) inputs, for example, P and Q parities and recording data in step 452b, and calculates syndromes S ₁ and S ₂ in step 452c. Only when S ₁ = S ₂ = 0 at 452d, the process proceeds to step 452g. When data is output and there is an error, an error correction operation is performed at step 452e, and only when error correction is performed at step 452f, at step 452g Output data. In CD, the data rate is high and the EFM demodulation clock is 4.3218 MHz. For this reason, error correction performs data processing using a dedicated IC. However, as shown in the experimental data of FIG. 203, the demodulating clock of the reproducing apparatus of the present invention is 30 Kbps, which is a data rate that is 1/100 of CD. Focusing on this small amount of data processing, in the block diagram of FIG. 202, the error correction of the optical reproduction signal uses a dedicated IC, while the error correction encoding unit 35 and error correction decoding unit 36 of the magnetic recording reproduction signal In the processing, the block surrounded by the thick dotted line frame including the system control unit 10 is time-divided using the single microcomputer 10a, and the error correction calculation shown in the flowchart of FIG.

  The microcomputer uses a CPU chip with an 8-bit or 16-bit clock of 10 to several tens of MHz. As shown in FIG. 210, two routines, a system control routine 452p and an error correction calculation routine 452a, are processed in a time-sharing manner. In step 452h, the system control routine is started. In step 452j, the rotation of the motor is controlled. In step 452k, actuators such as head lifting and traversing are controlled. In step 452m, the drive display and input / output drive system are controlled. When an operation unit of system control is completed in step 452n and error correction processing is necessary, the error correction calculation routine of step 452q is entered, and the interleaving described in FIG. Deinterleaving is performed, and error correction is performed as previously described in steps 452b to 452g.

  Since the data rate of the optical reproduction signal of the CD is 1 Mbps or more, an ordinary one-chip microcomputer for drive control cannot be used for error correction calculation in terms of processing capability. However, since the data rate of the magnetic recording signal of the present invention is about 30 kbps, system control and error correction calculation can be performed in a time-sharing manner with a single one-chip microcomputer having a clock frequency of about 10 MHz of 8 bits or 16 bits. For this reason, error correction for optical reproduction is performed by a dedicated IC, and error correction work for magnetic recording / reproduction is processed in a time-sharing manner by the control microcomputer, so that an error correction circuit need not be added. As a result, it is not necessary to add a new interleave and error correction circuit, so that an effect of making the configuration younger and easier can be obtained.

  The block diagram in FIG. 211 employs a method of performing error correction once before and after interleaving. The arrangement is changed, but the basic configuration is the same as in FIGS. Only the error correction unit will be described. First, the magnetic recording data is encoded with ECC by the C2 Reed-Solomon error correction encoder 35a in the error correction code unit 35, and the C2 parity 45 is added to the magnetic recording data in the direction of the arrow 51a in the table as shown in FIG. 212 (a). The horizontal data is read in the direction of the arrow 51b and the vertical direction, and the data is output as shown in FIG. 212 (b). For example, A1 and A2 are dispersed by the dispersion distance L1, and then Reed-Solomon C1 error correction is performed. The encoder 35c performs vertical error correction encoding, adds a C1 parity 453, and magnetically records on the medium. At the time of reproduction, after being demodulated by the MFM demodulation 30d, first, a random error is corrected by the Reed-Solomon C1 error correction unit by the C1 parity, and then mapped by the RAM 36x of FIG. 208 by the deinterleave unit 36b, and the reverse address of FIG. By conversion, the data is changed to the horizontal data of the original table and output. In this way, burst errors are dispersed and become random errors. Thereafter, the random error is corrected by the Reed-Solomon C2 error correction unit 36a shown in FIG. 212, and data having no error is reproduced and output.

  In the case of the method of FIG. 211, since error correction is performed in two stages before and after interleaving, the effect of being stronger against burst errors can be obtained. In the case of the present invention, as the experimental data shows, the one-stage error correction shown in FIG. 202 is sufficient. The basic system is established by one-stage correction, but it is desirable to use the two-stage error correction of FIG. 211 when recording or reproducing specially important data such as a password or amount.

  As described above, the hybrid medium in which the magnetic recording portion is provided on the outer surface portion of the CD without a cartridge cannot avoid the influence of scratches, so that normal data cannot be output in the conventional floppy configuration. By performing one-stage or two-stage error correction and interleaving as shown in FIGS. 202 and 211, there is an effect that data recording / reproduction can be ensured, and practicality is increased.

(Example 2 (reference example) )
Hereinafter, a second embodiment of the reference invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 19 is an overall block diagram of the second embodiment. FIG. 19 is obtained by adding a magnetic head 8a and a magnetic head circuit 31a to FIG. 1 described in the first embodiment. Since other parts are the same, description thereof is omitted. As shown in the enlarged view of the magnetic head portion of FIG. Next, the magnetic head 8a performs magnetic recording with a short recording wavelength on the surface layer portion 3a. As a result, magnetic recording can be finally performed on the surface layer 3a with the short wavelength subchannel and the deep layer 3b with the independent long channel main channel. As a result, when a magnetic recording layer having a two-layer recording as shown in FIG. 20 of Example 2 is reproduced using a long wavelength magnetic head such as the magnetic field modulation magnetic head of Example 1, The above main channel can be played back. Therefore, if summary information is recorded in the main channel and detailed information is recorded in the sub-channel, the summary information can be obtained even in the method of the first embodiment, and the compatibility between the two can be obtained. The enlarged view of the magnetic head portion of FIG. 21 shows the case where only the short-wavelength magnetic head 8 is mounted. In this case, a signal in which the main channel is superimposed on the above-mentioned sub channel signal is reproduced, and both the main and sub channels are displayed. Since it is possible to reproduce, if this configuration is adopted in the case of a reproduction-only machine, the cost is reduced. In the enlarged view of the magnetic head part of FIG. 22, the upper part of the figure is a case of recording with a magnetic field modulation head, that is, a magnetic head 8 suitable for a long wavelength, and the N pole part is 1 and the non-magnetized part is 0 as shown in the figure. Then, 0 is recorded in 120b in the magnetized regions 1 and 120a, and 1 is recorded in 120C, and a data string 121 of "101" is obtained. As shown in the lower part of the figure, if the N pole part is 1 and the non-magnetized part is 0 using the perpendicular magnetic head 8b suitable for a short wavelength, it becomes "10110110" as shown in the data string 122, and the upper region 120a 8 bits can be recorded in the same area 120d. When the signal in this area 120d is reproduced by the magnetic head 8, only N poles are determined, so that it is determined as “1”. This is the same as the region 120a. That is, “1” in the data string 122a can be reproduced. Next, in the area 120e, if the S pole portion is defined as “0” and the non-magnetized portion is defined as “1”, “01001010” is recorded in the data string for 8 bits in this way. When this is reproduced by the magnetic head 8, it is determined as “0” because only the S pole is present. This is 1 bit, and a signal having the same polarity as the region 120b is reproduced with a slightly weaker amplitude. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 22, in the short wavelength magnetic head 8b, the signal of the data string 122a of the main channel D1 and the signal of the data string 122 of the subchannel D2 are recorded and reproduced, and the magnetic head 8 for long wavelength for magnetic field modulation is recorded. In this case, the data string 122a of the main channel D1 is reproduced, and the effect that both are compatible can be obtained. The gap of the magnetic head 8 for magnetic field modulation is 0.2 to 2 μm.

(Example 3 (reference example) )
Hereinafter, a third embodiment of the reference invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 23 is an enlarged view of a recording unit according to the third embodiment. The third embodiment is the same in that the reflective film 84 with pits as shown in FIG. 9 described in the first embodiment is provided on the transparent substrate 5 of the recording medium 2 and the magnetic recording film 3 is provided. C0-ferrite is formed by plasma CVD or the like. Since this material has translucency, when the thickness is small, it has a high translucency.

  As shown in FIG. 23, this medium is focused on the focal point 66 by the optical head 6 from the back side. The lens 54 of the optical head 6 is coupled to the slider 41 made of a light transmitting material by a connecting portion 150 having a spring effect. Further, the magnetic head 8 is embedded in the slider 41. Therefore, the optical head reads the pits of the reflective film 84 from the back, and the tracking and focus are controlled. Then, the slider connected thereto is tracking-controlled and travels on a specific optical track. Since the positional error between the lens 54 and the slider 41 is generated only by the spring effect of the connecting portion 150, the slider 41 is controlled on the order of microns. Next, since the vertical direction is made in conjunction with the focus control, it is controlled on the order of several microns to several + microns.

  Then, the magnetic recording layer 3 is successively subjected to magnetic recording. In the case of this embodiment, since optical tracking is possible, there is a great effect that a track pitch of several microns can be realized. Further, since the slider 41 and the magnetic head 8 are controlled in the vertical direction by the focus control, it follows even if the surface accuracy of the substrate 5 of the recording medium 2 is poor. For this reason, since a substrate with poor surface accuracy can be used, there is an effect that a plastic substrate or a non-polished glass substrate can be used, which is much cheaper than a polished glass substrate.

  FIG. 23 shows a case where reproduction is performed by the optical head 6 from the back surface of the recording medium 2. However, since the same recording medium can be reproduced from the surface by a mechanism like a conventional optical disc player, there is an effect of compatibility. And, there is a remarkable effect that a memory capacity more than one digit larger than the conventional one can be obtained by optical tracking.

(Example 4 (reference example) )
A fourth embodiment of the reference invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 24 is a block diagram of the recording / reproducing apparatus of the fourth embodiment. The fourth embodiment has the same configuration and basic operation as the recording / reproducing apparatus of FIG. 1 described in the first embodiment. For this reason, detailed description is omitted, and only different parts will be described. The difference between the fourth embodiment and the first embodiment is that in the first embodiment, the magnetic head 8 uses the head for modulating the magneto-optical recording magnetic field as it is, and therefore perpendicular recording is performed as shown in FIG. On the other hand, in the fourth embodiment, as shown in the enlarged view of the magnetic recording section in FIG. 25, the magnetic recording layer of the recording medium 3 using the magnetic head 8 having two functions of magnetic field modulation and horizontal magnetic recording of magneto-optical recording. 3 performs horizontal recording. Since the equivalent head gap of the magnetic field modulation head of the first embodiment, for example, the MD head, is usually as large as 100 μm or more, the recording wavelength λ is a long wavelength of several hundred μm. In this case, a demagnetizing field is generated, and the magnetic charge actually recorded is attenuated, so that the reproduction output is lowered. The first embodiment has the great advantage that the cost does not increase because no change in configuration is required, but it has the disadvantage that the reproduction output decreases.

  Horizontal recording is more suitable when high reproduction output is required for long wavelength recording. In order to realize this horizontal recording, the fourth embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment except that the recording system is changed from the vertical recording to the horizontal recording by changing the configuration of the magnetic head. As shown in FIG. 25, the magnetic head 8 of the fourth embodiment has a head gap 8c having a gap length of L and a main magnetic pole 8a also serving as a magnetic head for magnetic field modulation and a sub magnetic pole 8b for forming a closed magnetic path, and a coil. 40. This magnetic head 8 can be regarded as a ring head having a gap length L during horizontal recording. In addition, when performing magnetic field modulation type magneto-optical recording, the optical recording layer 4 is configured to give a uniform magnetic field. First, in the case of the magnetic recording mode shown in FIG. 25, the optical head 6 connects the focal point 66 to the optical recording layer 4 to read track information or address information, and the optical head 6 controls so that the focal point 66 of a predetermined optical track tracks. Is done. Accordingly, the magnetic head 8 connected to the optical head 6 also travels on a predetermined magnetic track. FIG. 25 is a view as viewed from the direction perpendicular to the traveling direction. The magnetic recording signal in the horizontal direction is applied to the magnetic recording layer 3 in accordance with the recording signal sent from the magnetic recording block 9 as the recording medium 2 travels in the direction of arrow 51. 61 are recorded one after another. If the gap length is L and the recording wavelength is λ, then λ> 2L. Accordingly, the smaller the gap length L, the larger the recording capacity. However, if L is reduced, the range of the uniform magnetic field is narrowed when a modulation magnetic field for magneto-optical recording is generated. For this reason, the recordable range of the focal point 66 of the optical head is narrowed, and the dimensional accuracy of the recording medium and the tracking mechanism must be increased, resulting in an increase in cost. As shown in the enlarged view of magneto-optical recording in FIG. 26, when magneto-optical recording is performed, the focal point 66 of the optical recording layer 4 is heated by the laser light from the optical head 6 to become the Curie temperature or higher. Then, the focal point 66 portion of the optical recording layer 4 is magnetized in the same direction as the magnetic field direction of the modulation magnetic field 85 by the magnetic head 8, and the optical recording signal 52 is recorded one after another. In this case, as described above, the positional relationship between the optical head 6 and the magnetic head 8 depends on the dimensional accuracy of the tracking mechanism such as the head base 19. In the case of MD, the standard of dimensional accuracy is loose to reduce the cost. Therefore, considering the worst condition, the positional relationship between the optical head 6 and the magnetic head 8 may be greatly deviated. For this reason, the range of the uniform magnetic field region 8e is required to be as wide as possible. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 26, by providing a narrowing portion 8d in the main magnetic pole portion 8a of the magnetic head 8, the right magnetic fluxes 85a and 85b are converged and the magnetic field is strengthened. For this reason, it becomes equivalent to magnetic flux 85c, 85d, 85e, 85f, and there exists an effect that the uniform magnetic field area | region 8e expands. Thus, even if the relative positional relationship between the optical head 6 and the magnetic head 8 is shifted and the relative position between the focal point 66 and the magnetic head 8 is shifted, an optimum modulation magnetic field is generated if the focal point 66 is within the uniform magnetic field region 8e. The magneto-optical recording is reliably performed, and the error rate is not deteriorated.

  Further, as shown in the enlarged view of the magneto-optical recording portion in FIG. 31, the magnetic flux of the magnetic recording signal 61 of the magnetic recording layer 3 is formed as magnetic flux 86a, 86b, 86c, 86d. Accordingly, at the time of magneto-optical recording, the magnetic field of the magnetic flux 86a by the magnetic recording signal 61 and the modulation magnetic field from the magnetic head 8 are applied to the magneto-optical recording material at the focal point 66 portion of the optical recording layer 4 that has become the Curie temperature or higher by the focal point 66. A magnetic field is applied. If the magnitude of the magnetic field of the magnetic flux 86a is larger than the magnitude of the modulated magnetic field from the magnetic head 8, magneto-optical recording using the modulated magnetic field in this portion does not operate normally. Therefore, it is necessary to suppress the magnitude of the magnetic flux 86a to a certain value or less. For this reason, an interference layer 81 having a thickness d is provided between the magnetic recording layer 3 and the optical recording layer 4 to reduce the influence. When the shortest recording wavelength of the magnetic recording signal 61 is λ, the strength of the magnetic flux 66 in the optical recording layer 4 is attenuated by about 54.6 × d / λ. In the case of a recording medium, use of various recording wavelengths λ can be considered. The recording wavelength in the shortest case is generally λ = 0.5 μm. In this case, if d is 0.5 μm, it is attenuated by about 60 dB, so the influence of the magnetic recording signal 61 is almost eliminated.

  From the above, the effect of eliminating the influence of the magnetic recording signal on the magneto-optical recording can be obtained by using an interference film of at least 0.5 μm or more for the magnetic recording layer 3 and the magneto-optical recording layer 4 of the recording medium 2. . In this case, the interference film is formed of a non-magnetic material or a magnetic material having a small holding force.

  When performing magneto-optical recording and magnetic recording using a magneto-optical recording medium, if the magnetic field for modulation of magneto-optical recording is sufficiently smaller than the holding force of the magnetic material of the magnetic recording layer, the magnetic field recorded will be damaged. There is no possibility. However, when a ring-type head is used as in the fourth embodiment, a strong magnetic field is generated in the head cap portion. Therefore, even if the modulation magnetic field is weak, the magnetic signal may be affected and the error rate may increase. In order to avoid this, when recording is performed with a magneto-optical recording medium mounted, as shown in the sectional view of the recording unit in FIG. 27, the optical recording schedule is recorded before the main recording signal is recorded on the optical recording layer by the optical head 6. The magnetic recording signal recorded on the magnetic track 67g on the back surface of the optical track 65g in the area is transferred to the memory unit 34 or the optical recording layer of the recording / reproducing apparatus and saved. Due to the avoidance, there is no problem even if the data in the magnetic recording layer is destroyed by the modulation magnetic field during magneto-optical recording.

  This will be specifically described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. The flowchart is roughly divided into six. In the discriminating step 201, disc attributes are discriminated. In the case of an optical ROM disc, a reproduction-only step 204 is used. When reproducing an optical RAM disk, a reproduction step 202, and a reproduction / transcription step 203 are optionally performed. When recording on an optical RAM disk, a recording step 205 and optionally a recording / transcription step 206 are used. If there is free time, only posting is performed in the posting step 207.

  This flowchart will be described in detail. In the determination step 201, the recording medium 2, specifically the disc, is loaded in step 220. In step 221, the disc type, for example, ROM or RAM, magneto-optical medium, optical recording prohibition, magnetic recording prohibition, or the like is discriminated by a tab or the like engraved in the disc cassette of FIG. Next, at step 222, the optical head 6 moves to the position of the innermost optical track 65a and magnetic track 67a in FIG. In step 223, data of the optical information and magnetic information of the TOC is read out, and data such as the song number at the end of the previous time is entered in the case of a music disc, and the end stage number of the game is entered in the case of a game disc, as shown in FIG. If the user wishes to continue, the state at the end of the previous time can be restored. In step 224, the untransferred flag written in the magnetic TOC is read. If the untransferred flag = 1, this means that magnetic data that has not been transferred to the optical data portion remains. If the unposted flag = 0, it indicates that there is no remaining flag. In step 225, it is determined whether the disk is a magneto-optical disk or a ROM disk. If it is a ROM disk, the process proceeds to step 238, and if it is a magneto-optical disk, the process proceeds to step 226. If there is a reproduction command in step 238, the optical recording signal and the magnetic recording signal are reproduced in step 239, and if the operation is completed in step 240, various changes made during the reproduction period in step 241 such as reproduction music The status such as the order change and the song number at the end is written in the TOC area of the magnetic track. After completion of writing, the disk is ejected in step 242 again.

  Returning to the case of the magneto-optical disk in step 226, the process returns. If there is a reproduction command, the process proceeds to step 227, and if not, the process proceeds to step 243. In step 227, the main recording signal on the optical recording surface is reproduced at a speed higher than the normal reproducing speed, and sequentially stored in the memory. In the case of a music signal, in order to be able to store data for several seconds, music is not interrupted even if playback is interrupted during this time. When the memory becomes full in step 228, if the untranscribed flag = 1 in step 229, the reproduction of the main recording signal is interrupted, and the process proceeds to step 230 in the reproduction / transcription step 203. It is checked whether or not the reproduction of all the sub-recording signals on the magnetic recording surface has been completed. If Yes, the process proceeds to step 234. If No, the process proceeds to step 231 to reproduce the sub-recording signal on the magnetic recording surface and store it in the memory. In step 232, it is checked whether or not the output of the main recording signal such as the music signal is still possible. If No, the process returns to step 227 to reproduce and store the main recording signal. If yes, when the sub recording signal reaches the memory amount set in step 233, it is checked again in step 234 whether the main recording signal can be stored and reproduced. If yes, the sub recording signal in the memory is checked in step 235. Is transferred to the transfer area on the optical recording surface. In step 236, it is checked whether or not all data has been transferred. If No, the process returns to step 230 and the transfer is continued. If Yes, the untransferred flag is changed from 1 to 0 in step 237. Change and return to step 226.

  When recording on the optical recording layer, the process proceeds to step 243 in the recording step 205, where the recording command is checked. In step 245, it is checked whether there is room in the memory. If No, the main recording signal is optically recorded in step 245a, and the process returns to step 243. If Yes, the process proceeds to step 246. If the untransferred flag is not 1, the process returns to step 243. If it is 1, the process proceeds to step 247 in the record transfer step 206.

  In step 247, the main recording signal is stored in the memory, and at the same time, the sub recording signal of the magnetic track 67g on the back side of the optical track 65g of FIG. 27 scheduled for optical recording is reproduced and stored in the memory. In step 248, it is confirmed whether there is room in the main recording signal storage memory. If Yes, the sub recording signal is transferred to the optical recording layer in Step 248a. If No, the process returns to Step 245a to perform optical recording. In step 249, it is checked whether or not all data has been transferred. If it is No, it returns to step 243 as it is.

  In step 243, it is checked whether there is a recording command. If No, the process proceeds to step 251 in the transfer step 207. Here, since neither recording nor reproduction of the main recording signal is required, only the sub-recording signal on the magnetic data surface is transferred to the optical data surface. In step 251, the sub-recording signal is reproduced and stored in the memory, and in step 252, transfer to the optical recording layer is performed. In step 253, it is checked whether or not all postings have been completed. If Yes, the unposted flag is changed from 1 to 0 in Step 254 and it is checked in Step 255 whether all the operations are completed. If No, the process returns to the first Step 226. If Yes, the process proceeds to step 256, and the information changed in this work and the information such as the untransferred flag = 0 are magnetically recorded in the TOC area of the magnetic track. In step 257, the disk is ejected and the work related to this one disk is performed. Complete.

  In step 256, the magnetic recording layer can be restored to the state before optical recording by writing all the sub-recording signals stored in the memory to the magnetic recording layer again.

  As described above, the data of the magnetic recording surface can be substantially prevented from being destroyed by retracting the data of only the magnetic track, which is destroyed by the modulated magnetic field of the optical recording, to the memory or the optical recording surface. There is.

  Further, by recording and restoring the save data on the magnetic track again after the optical recording operation is completed, the effect that the data on the magnetic recording surface is restored when the disk is ejected can be obtained.

  In the case of FIG. 28, a technique is used in which data that may be destroyed on the magnetic recording surface is transferred to the optical recording surface before magneto-optical recording. On the other hand, in the case of the flowchart of FIG. 29, a technique that does not transfer to the optical recording surface is used. The determination step 201, the reproduction step 202, and the reproduction-only step 204 in the flowchart of FIG. 29 are the same as those in FIG. Also, since no posting is performed, the reproduction / transfer step 203, the recording / transfer step 206, and the transfer step 207 are not required. Since only the recording step 205 is different, it will be described in detail below.

  In step 226 in the reproduction step 202, it is checked whether there is a reproduction command. If No, the process proceeds to step 264. In step 260, the optical track corresponding to the magnetic track unit is managed, the corresponding magnetic track destroyed by the magneto-optical recording on the back surface of the optical track is calculated, and it is checked whether the corresponding track is the same as the previous one saved or not. In step 263, magneto-optical recording is performed on the optical track. If No, the data of the previous magnetic track can be completely restored by writing the save data to the previous magnetic track in step 261. Next, in step 262, the data of the magnetic track to be destroyed this time is read and saved in the memory. Thereafter, in step 263, recording on the optical track is performed, and the process returns to step 243. If No in step 243, the previous magnetic track is restored in step 261a. In step 264 in the end step 206, it is checked whether the operation is completed. If no, the process returns to step 226. If Yes, the disk is loaded in step 265. Information changed until the end, for example, the end song number of the music is magnetically recorded. In step 266, the disc is ejected. In this way, when the work is finished and the next disk is mounted, the work is started again from step 220.

  In the case of FIG. 28, all the magnetic data is transferred to the optical recording layer, so that the magnetic data may be destroyed by the optical recording, whereas in the case of FIG. 29, the magnetic data is managed for each magnetic track instead. Then, only the magnetic data of the corresponding magnetic track scheduled to be destroyed by magneto-optical recording is read and stored in the memory, and the magnetic track is destroyed by magneto-optical recording and is recorded on a magnetic track different from the corresponding magnetic track. At this point, the magnetic track is completely restored. As a result, it is possible to cope with the memory capacity of 1 to 3 magnetic tracks, so that the memory is small. As apparent from the flowchart, the magnetic data can be protected from the destruction of the magneto-optical recording by a simple process.

  Further, as shown in the cross-sectional view when the magneto-optical disk is mounted in FIG. 30A and the cross-sectional view when the CD is mounted in FIG. 30B, the same mechanism can be used to reproduce the magneto-optical disk and the CD. In this case, in the case of a CD, since the outside is not protected by the cartridge, it is easily affected by external magnetism. By making the holding force of the magnetic recording layer 3 of the CD 1000-3000 Oe, for example, significantly higher than that of the magneto-optical medium, there is an effect of preventing the destruction of magnetic data by an external magnetic field. In the case of a magneto-optical disk, if the holding power is increased, the magneto-optical recording layer approaches the magnitude of the modulation magnetic field, which affects the effect. For this reason, it is lowered to 1000 Oe or less.

(Example 5 (reference example) )
Hereinafter, a fifth embodiment of the reference invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 32 is a block diagram of the recording / reproducing apparatus of the fifth embodiment. The basic configuration of the fifth embodiment is the same as that of FIGS. 1 and 24 described in the first and fourth embodiments. For this reason, detailed description is omitted, and only different parts will be described. The difference between the fifth embodiment and the first embodiment is that in the fourth embodiment, as described with reference to FIGS. 24 and 25, the magnetic recording, reproduction of the magnetic recording signal, and magneto-optical recording are performed by the ring-type magnetic head 8 having one coil 40. This is a system in which the three functions of generating a modulated magnetic field are performed with one coil. For this reason, although the structure is simple, there are conflicting elements in order to make the three compatible, so there is a possibility that problems such as a decrease in reproduction efficiency and a narrowness of the uniform magnetic field region may occur. For this reason, it is difficult to design the head, and it becomes difficult in terms of processing.

  That is, since the configuration is simple, the wiring circuit is simplified, but difficult in terms of design and processing.

  In view of this point, Example 5 has two coils, that is, two coils of a magnetic field modulation coil 40a and a magnetic recording coil 40b, as shown in the enlarged view of magnetic recording in FIG. Returning to the block diagram of FIG. 32, at the time of magnetic recording or reproduction, the magnetic head circuit 31 applies a current to the magnetic recording coil 40b or receives a current from the coil to perform magnetic recording and reproduction.

  When performing magnetic field modulation type magneto-optical recording, the magnetic field modulation circuit 37a in the optical recording circuit 37 applies a modulation signal to the magnetic field modulation coil 40a to perform magneto-optical recording.

  The operation during magnetic recording and reproduction will be described with reference to FIG. The recording current from the magnetic head circuit 31 flows in the direction of the arrow through the coil 40b. Then, closed magnetic paths of the magnetic fluxes 86c, 86a, 86b are formed, and the magnetic recording signals 61 are recorded one after another on the magnetic recording layer 3. Horizontal magnetic recording. In this case, basically no current flows through the magnetic field modulation coil 40a. With this configuration, a closed magnetic circuit including the gap 8c is configured, and the reproduction sensitivity can be optimally designed.

  Next, operations during magneto-optical recording will be described with reference to an enlarged view of magneto-optical recording in FIG. The magnetic field modulation coil 40a is wound around both the main magnetic pole 8a and the yoke sub-magnetic pole 8b in the same direction. Therefore, when a modulation current flows in the direction of the arrow 51a from the magnetic field modulation circuit 37a, downward magnetic fluxes 85a, 85b, 85c, and 85d are generated. Then, the magneto-optical recording material at the focal point 66 portion of the optical recording layer 4 having a Curie temperature or higher is reversed in magnetization by this magnetic field, and the optical recording signal 52 is recorded. In this case, the strength of the magnetic field at the focal point 66 is generally set to 50 to 150 Oe in the range of the uniform magnetic field region 8e. In this case, as shown in FIG. 25, it is preferable to provide an interference layer 81 so that the magneto-optical recording material does not reverse magnetization by the magnetic recording signal 61. If this thickness is d, then λ> d. With the configuration shown in FIG. 34, the effect that the uniform magnetic field region 8e is wide can be obtained. In addition, since the head can be designed independently for each of the two coils, there is an effect that an optimum magnetic field modulation characteristic, an optimum magnetic recording characteristic, and an optimum magnetic reproduction characteristic can be obtained. Since the head gap 8c in FIG. 33 can be reduced, the wavelength during magnetic recording can be shortened. Further, since the optimum design for forming the closed magnetic circuit can be performed, the reproduction sensitivity is improved. Further, since the magnetic flux 85a of the main magnetic pole 8a and the magnetic flux 85d of the sub magnetic pole 8b are in the same direction during magnetic field modulation as shown in FIG. 34, no strong magnetic field is generated in the gap portion 8c as in the fourth embodiment. Only a weak magnetic field is generated. The coercive force of the magnetic recording layer 3 is 800-1500 Oe which is sufficiently higher than the modulation magnetic field and has an easy magnetization axis in the horizontal direction, so that the magnetic recording signal 61 is not destroyed by the modulation magnetic field. Therefore, in Example 4, data is not destroyed by making the holding force Hc of the magnetic recording layer 3 higher than the recording magnetic field Hmax of the magneto-optical recording material. In this case, Hc <2Hmax is satisfied because it is sufficient to allow a margin of 2 times. What is necessary is just to produce the recording medium 2 shown in FIG. In the magnetic head 8, as shown in FIG. 35, the coil 40a can be wound around the main magnetic pole 8a and the coil 40b can be wound around the sub magnetic pole 8b independently. In this case, at the time of magnetic field modulation, a magnetic flux 85d is generated by flowing a modulation current in the direction of the arrow 51b using the magnetic head circuit 31 to the magnetic recording coil 40b, and magnetic fluxes 85c, 85b, 85a by the magnetic field modulation coil 40a are generated. In the same direction, the same effect as in FIG. 34 is obtained.

  Also, two coils can be configured with three terminals by winding one winding as shown in FIG. 36 and providing the tap 40c. The tap 40c and the tap 40e are used at the time of magnetic recording.

  Further, at the time of magneto-optical recording, a modulation magnetic field of magneto-optical recording is generated using the tap 40d and the tap 40e as shown in FIG. As a result, the head can be configured with three taps, so that the wiring is simplified.

(Example 6 (reference example) )
Hereinafter, a sixth embodiment of the reference invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 38 shows a block diagram of the recording / reproducing apparatus of the sixth embodiment. The sixth embodiment is the first embodiment, the fourth embodiment, and particularly the fifth embodiment, and the basic operations are the same as those of FIGS. 1, 24, and 32 described above. For this reason, detailed description is omitted, and only different parts will be described. When the difference between the sixth embodiment and the fifth embodiment is shown, in the fifth embodiment, one coil is provided separately from the magnetic modulation coil to perform magnetic recording. For this reason, demagnetization and recording cannot be performed simultaneously. However, floppy disks are required to perform simultaneously. For this reason, in the sixth embodiment, two gaps 8c and 8e are provided in the magnetic head 8 as shown in FIG. Further, two coils 40b and 40f are connected to the magnetic head circuit 31, and one is used for recording and one is used for demagnetization. Thus, degaussing and recording can be performed simultaneously with one head.

  Next, the enlarged view of the magnetic recording unit in FIG. 39 shows a specific configuration of the magnetic head 8. As shown in FIG. 33, a second sub magnetic pole 8d is added separately from the sub magnetic pole 8b. As described with reference to FIG. 33, magnetic recording is performed by the magnetic recording coil 40b, and before that, a demagnetizing current is supplied from the magnetic head circuit 31 by the second sub magnetic pole 8d. Thus, the magnetic recording layer 3 can be demagnetized in the gap 8e before recording. For this reason, when magnetic recording is performed in the gap 8c, ideal recording can be performed, and C / N and S / N are improved, and an error rate is reduced. The top view of the magnetic recording unit in FIG. 41 shows this state viewed from the perpendicular direction of the recording medium 2. As shown in FIG. 41, guard bands 67f and 67g are provided on both sides of the recording track 67. As shown in FIG. First, degaussing is performed with the width of the degaussing region 210 by the gap 8e of the second sub magnetic pole 8d. Therefore, the entire area of the recording track 67 and the partial areas of the guard bands 67f and 67g are demagnetized. Therefore, even if a track shift of the magnetic head 8 occurs, the gap 8c does not deviate from the demagnetization region 210. Therefore, when magnetic recording is performed using the gap 8c, recording can be performed in a good state.

  Further, as shown in the top view of the magnetic recording portion of FIG. 42, the degaussing gap can be divided to provide two gaps 8e and 8h. As a result, the recording medium 2 is moved in the direction of the arrow 51 in the opposite direction of FIG. And record. The overlapped portion is demagnetized by the two demagnetization regions 210a and 210b. Therefore, the guard bands 67f and 67g are completely secured. For this reason, there is an effect that crosstalk between recording tracks is reduced and an error rate is lowered. Next, a case where magnetic field modulation of magneto-optical recording is performed using the magnetic head 8 will be described with reference to an enlarged view of the magnetic field modulation unit of FIG. Since the magnetic field modulation coil 40a is wound around the main magnetic pole 8a, the sub magnetic pole 8b, and the second sub magnetic pole 8d, magnetic fluxes 85a, 85b, 85c, 85d, and 85e are evenly generated in the magnetic poles. For this reason, there exists an effect that the wide uniform magnetic field area | region 8e can be taken. For this reason, even if the dimensional accuracy of the track position is low, the focal point 66 does not deviate from the optical recording track 65.

  Next, the magnetic head 8 shown in the enlarged view of the magnetic recording portion in FIG. 43 is obtained by changing the winding method of the coil of the magnetic head 8 described in FIG. As shown in the figure, the magnetic field modulation coil 40d is extended to serve also as a magnetic recording coil, and an intermediate tap 40c is provided. Thereby, magnetic recording can be performed by the tap 40c and the tap 40e. Further, as shown in the enlarged view of the magnetic field modulation unit 44 in FIG. 44, the currents in the directions of the arrows 51a and 51b are passed through the taps 40d and 40e in the directions of the arrows 51c, so that the magnetic fluxes 85a, 85b, 85c, 85d, and 85e are generated to generate a uniform modulation magnetic field. In this case, there is an effect that the number of taps is reduced by one and the configuration is simplified. As described in detail above, the use of the magnetic head 8 according to the sixth embodiment has a great effect that one head can share the degaussing head, the magnetic recording head, and the magnetic field modulation head for magneto-optical recording.

(Example 7 (reference example) )
Hereinafter, a seventh embodiment of the reference invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  The seventh embodiment mainly relates to a disk cassette for storing media. The top view of the disk cassette in FIG. 45A shows a closed state of the movable shutter 301 of the disk cassette 42. Thus, since not only the head hole 302 but also the liner holes 303a, b, and c are protected by the shutter 301, there is an effect that dust does not enter. As shown in FIG. 45B, the shutter opens with the insertion of the disc cassette 42 into the main body in the direction of the arrow 51. Therefore, both the head hole 302 and the liner holes 303a, 303b, and 303c are opened. As shown in FIG. 46, a square single liner hole 303 may be provided. 47 and 48, a liner hole may be provided in the direction opposite to the head hole 302 as shown in the top view of the disk cassette. In this case, as shown in the top views of the liners in FIGS. 49A, 49B and 49C, the liner 304 is made up of the liner 304, the liner support portion 305 made of a leaf spring or a plastic sheet, and the liner support portions 306a to 306d. Portions other than the liner movable portion 305 a are fixed to the disc cassette 42. As shown in FIG. 49C, a liner groove 307 is dug in the cassette half. The liner movable portion 305a is accommodated in the groove 307. The auxiliary liner support portion 305b presses from above. Thus, the flat plate state is maintained by the restoring force of the spring of the liner support portion 305a unless an external force is applied. In this state, the liner 303 is not in contact with the recording layer on the surface of the recording medium 2. For this reason, wear of the recording layer 3 is normally prevented.

  Next, when an external force is applied from the liner hole 303 toward the inside of the disk cassette 42 by the liner pin 310 as necessary, the liner support portion 305 and the liner 304 are pressed against the media surface unless the liner pin is pressed. And the recording layer of the recording medium 2 are not in contact with each other.

  In another configuration of the disk cassette, in FIGS. 50A, 50B, and 50C, the plate spring of the liner hole 303a is previously deformed in the upper direction of the disk cassette as shown in FIG. 50C. Thus, as shown in FIG. 50 (d), when the disc cassette 42 is fixed, it is always pressed against the cassette half upper portion 42a. For this reason, the recording medium 2 and the liner 304 are not in contact with each other unless pressed downward by the liner pin 310. The effect that the auxiliary liner support portion 305b can be omitted can be stably obtained.

  Next, a method for switching between contact and non-contact between the liner and the disk by the liner pin 310 will be described. FIG. 51 shows a cross-sectional view of the A-A ′ plane of FIG. The liner pin 310 is pulled up in the liner pin guide 311 in the direction of the arrow 51a. For this reason, the liner 304 and the recording layer 3 of the recording medium 2 are not in contact. Therefore, since the frictional force at the time of rotation of the recording medium 2 is small, it rotates even with a weak driving force. Next, as shown in FIG. 52, when the liner pin 310 is pushed down by an external force in the direction of the arrow 51, the main liner 304 is pressed against the magnetic recording layer 3 of the recording medium 2 via the liner support portion 305. As the recording medium 2 rotates or travels in the direction of the arrow 51, foreign matter such as dust and dust on the magnetic recording layer 3 is removed by the liner 304 made of a nonwoven fabric or the like. Therefore, when magnetic recording / reproduction or magneto-optical recording magnetic field modulation is performed by the recording head 8 in the head hole 302 of FIG. 46, an effect that the error rate is greatly reduced is obtained. The liner material is the same as that of a conventional floppy (registered trademark) liner, and for example, a nonwoven fabric is used. In this case, in the rotation direction indicated by the arrow 51a, the liner pin 310 is provided in the portion of the magnetic recording layer 3 in front of the magnetic head 8 as shown in FIGS. effective. In this case, even if the cleaning method using the liner of the present invention is used for the contact-type magneto-optical recording disk cassette 42 in which the normal magnetic recording layer 3 is not provided, dust is reduced, so that the error rate during magneto-optical recording is improved. The effect is obtained.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 53B, the liner pin 310 is controlled so that the magnetic head 3 and the liner pin 310 are interlocked so that the liner 304 is brought into contact with the recording medium 2 whenever the magnetic head 3 comes into contact. Can also be used as an actuator. When the magnetic head 3 is not in contact, the liner pin 310 is raised as necessary so that the liner 304 is not contacted. 53A and 53B, when the liner pin 310 and the magnetic head 8 are interlocked with each other, the cassette 42 comes into contact only when there is an identification hole in the magnetic recording layer. And the recording medium 2 are not in contact with each other. This prevents the surface of the magnetic recording layer 3 from being worn by the liner 304 when not needed. At the same time, since the frictional force is reduced, there is an effect that the rotational torque of the motor is reduced and the power consumption is reduced. Further, when the recording medium 2 without the magnetic recording layer is inserted, the magnetic head 8 does not contact the recording medium 2 as shown in FIG. Even if the disk cassette 42 of the present invention is mounted on a conventional recording apparatus that does not support the magnetic recording system of the present invention, the conventional apparatus is shown in the magnetic head elevation view of FIGS. 54 (a) and 54 (b). Since the liner 304 does not have a lifting and lowering function, the liner 304 and the recording medium 2 are not in contact with each other as shown in FIG. Be made. Therefore, there is an effect that compatibility between the media and the conventional device is maintained. Even if the conventional disk cassette 42 without the liner 304 or the liner hole 303 is mounted on the reproducing apparatus of the present invention, the liner hole 303 does not exist as shown in the magnetic head elevation view of FIGS. 55 (a) and 55 (b). Therefore, the liner pin 310 is not inserted. Accordingly, the liner pin 310 does not contact the recording medium 2 or the liner 304. Therefore, even if a conventional medium is inserted into the playback apparatus of the present invention, the problem is not eliminated. Therefore, there is an effect that compatibility between them is maintained. In this case, the lubricant of the conventional recording medium adheres to the contact surface of the magnetic head 8 and the error rate is deteriorated. In order to prevent this, a cleaning track 67x is set as shown in the top view of the recording medium shown in FIG. When the recording medium 2 is inserted into the reproducing apparatus of the present invention after the conventional recording medium 2 is attached and detached, the insertion magnetic head 8 is run on the cleaning track 67x at least once. Thereby, the above-mentioned dust adheres on the cleaning truck 67x. This dust is further in contact with the recording medium 2. Removed by liner 304. As a result, dust on the contact surface of the magnetic head 8 is finally removed, and there is an effect that reliable recording and reproduction with a low error rate can be performed. 57A and 57B are cross-sectional views of the liner lifting portion, showing the liner pin in the OFF state and the ON state, respectively. 58 and 59 are cross-sectional views of the liner lifting / lowering section when FIGS. 51 and 52 are viewed from the running direction of the recording medium 2, respectively.

  Next, an embodiment using a leaf spring type liner pin 310 will be described. The cross-sectional view of the liner pin portion of FIGS. 60 and 61, and the front cross-sectional view of the liner pin portion of FIGS. 62 and 63 are obtained when the leaf spring liner pin 310 of the full cross-sectional view of the leaf spring liner pin portion is used. An OFF state and an ON state are shown respectively. In this case, the liner pin 310 is driven in the directions of the arrows 51 and 51a by the elevating motor 21 via the pin driving lever 312, and is turned on and off. The front cross-sectional views of the liner pins of FIGS. 64 and 65 show the OFF state and the ON state when the liner pin 310 is used when the rectangular one liner hole 303 of FIG. 46A is used. In this case, since the contact area between the liner pin and the liner mounting portion is increased, there is an effect that dust can be reliably removed.

  66 and 67 are front sectional views of the liner pin, and a protective portion 303 is provided in the liner guide 311. FIG. As shown in FIG. 66, the disc cassette 42 is also provided with a recognition hole 303a. For this reason, when the disc cassette 42 is inserted as shown in the figure, the liner pin 310 enters the liner hole 303. However, when the conventional disk cassette 42 without the recognition hole 303a is inserted, the protective film 314 hits the case of the disk cassette 42 as shown in FIG. For this reason, there is an effect that the liner pin 310 can be prevented from being stained or damaged.

(Example 8 (reference example) )
Hereinafter, an eighth embodiment of the reference invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  Example 8 discloses a method of pushing up a liner pin from the lower surface direction of a disk cassette to raise and lower the liner.

  As shown in the top perspective view of the disk cassette in FIGS. 68 (a) and 68 (b), there is no liner hole on the top surface. A liner hole 303 is provided adjacent to the recognition holes 313a, 313b, and 313c on the back side, and a liner pin is inserted into the liner hole 303 from the back side of the figure to raise and lower the liner. 69 (a) and 69 (b) are cross-sectional views taken along the A-A 'plane of FIG. First, as shown in FIG. 69A, when the liner pin 310 is in the OFF state, the liner 304 and the recording medium 2 do not contact each other. When the liner pin 310 is inserted into the recognition hole 313 as shown in FIG. 69 (b), the liner driving portion 316 made of a deformed plate spring is pushed to the right in the figure by the liner pin 310 and the pin shaft 315 is centered. Rotate counterclockwise as As a result, the liner driving portion 316 pushes the liner support portion 305 downward, the liner 304 and the recording medium 2 come into contact with each other, and dust is removed as it rotates.

  Next, the structure of the liner will be described. As shown in the configuration diagrams of the liners in FIGS. 70A, 70B, and 70C, the liner structure is basically the same as the structure described in FIG. However, the difference is that the movable portion 305a is provided at the tip of the driving portion of the liner driving portion 316 and that the liner driving groove 30a for accommodating the liner driving portion 316 is added as shown in FIG. .

  Here, the structure of the main body side of the liner pin 310 will be described. The liner pin 310 and the motor 17 are in a positional relationship as shown in the sectional view of the peripheral portion of FIG. As shown in the sectional view of the periphery of the liner pin in FIG. 72 (a), if the disk cassette 42 of the present invention is inserted in the direction of the arrow 51, the liner 304 is interlocked without providing the liner pin actuator. Go up and down. However, when the conventional disk cassette 42 is inserted as shown in FIG. 72 (b), the liner pin 310 is automatically lowered by the spring 317 due to the absence of the liner hole 303, and the conventional disk cassette 42 is destroyed. There is an effect that it does not give any bad influences. In this case, for example, in an application where the disk access frequency is low, such as a game machine, there is an effect that the configuration is simplified because the actuator does not have to be provided on the liner pin. As shown in FIGS. 73A and 73B, the magnetic head lifting / lowering portion can be used to interlock the liner pin 310 by the lifting / lowering portion 20 and the connecting portion 318 using one lifting / lowering motor 21. When this structure is used, the liner 304 always comes into contact with the recording medium 2 whenever the magnetic head 8 comes into contact with the recording medium 2, so that there is an effect that the actuator can also be used. 74 (a) and 74 (b) are basically the same as FIG. 69, but the liner driving unit 316 is extended and a pin shutter unit 319 is added, so FIG. 74 (a). As shown in FIG. 4, the pin shutter 319 is closed when the liner pin is turned off, and there is an effect that the inflow of external dust into the disk cassette 42 can be prevented. Since this structure uses the vicinity of the recognition hole of the disk cassette, it is only necessary to add one small hole to the conventional disk cassette. Therefore, there is an effect that the compatibility of the cassette structure becomes higher. In addition, the structure of FIG. 69 has an effect that the required space in the horizontal direction is small. Therefore, for example, a liner hole 303a can be provided in a portion having almost no installation space as in the B-B 'cross section of FIG. 68, and the degree of freedom in designing the cassette is improved.

(Example 9 (reference example) )
Hereinafter, a ninth embodiment of the reference invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  Example 9 shows a case where there is a sufficient space for installing the liner driving unit 316. The disk cassette top view of FIG. 75 is the structure seen from the upper surface of Example 9, and since the structure of the liner 305 and the liner attaching part 305a is substantially the same as FIG. 49, it abbreviate | omits. In this embodiment, a liner lifting / lowering portion 305c is provided on the movable portion 305a of the liner attachment portion 305. The liner 305 is moved up and down by pushing down this portion by the liner driving unit 316 in the drawing. This will be described with reference to the cross-sectional views of the elevating part shown in FIGS. As shown in FIG. 76, when the liner pin 310 is OFF, the pin shutter 319 is pushed downward by the spring 307, so that no dust enters from the outside. The liner support portion 305 and the movable portion 305a are also pressed against the upper surface by the effect of the leaf spring and the auxiliary liner support portion 305b. Accordingly, the liner 304 is not in contact with the recording medium 2.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 77, when the liner pin 310 is ON, the liner shutter 319 causes the liner driving unit 315 to rotate clockwise around the pin shaft 316 and push down the liner lifting / lowering unit 305c. The movable portion 305a is pushed down, the liner 304 and the recording medium 2 come into contact with each other, and the foreign matter on the disk surface is removed as the arrow 51 rotates. For this reason, the effect that the error rate is reduced can be obtained. In the case of the ninth embodiment, the structure is simple and the effect that the liner is lifted and lowered reliably can be obtained. Further, since it is not necessary to provide a groove in the disk cassette 42a, an effect that the strength of the cassette is not impaired can be obtained.

  Further, when the top view of the cassette in FIG. 68A is viewed from the B-B ′ cross section, the structure shown in the cross sectional view of the liner pin in FIGS. 78A and 78B is obtained. Since the operation is the same as in the case of FIGS. 76 and 77, the detailed description is omitted. As shown in FIG. 78A, the liner hole is closed by the pin shutter 319 when the liner pin 310 is off. As shown in FIG. 78 (b), when the liner pin 310 is turned on, the liner driving unit 315 rotates counterclockwise to lower the liner lifting / lowering unit 305C and push down the liner attaching unit 305a and the liner 304, so that the liner and the recording medium come into contact with each other. In this case, as compared with FIG. 76, there is an effect of raising and lowering the liner in a shorter space. When the liner pin 310 is inserted, the liner is released from contact with the recording medium. When the liner pin 310 is inserted, the liner comes into contact with the recording medium when not in use, and the frictional force prevents the recording medium from rotating. is there.

(Example 10 (reference example) )
Hereinafter, a reproducing apparatus according to Example 10 of the reference invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  The basic configuration is the same as the block diagram of FIG. First, the tracking method will be described in detail. As shown in the uncorrected tracking principle diagram of FIG. 79, in an ideal setting state, the magnetic head 8 on the upper surface and the optical head 6 on the lower surface are in the same positional relationship. For this reason, when the optical head accesses the optical track 65 of a specific optical address, the magnetic head 8 travels on the corresponding magnetic track 67 on the back surface. In this case, the DC offset voltage of the tracking error signal of the optical head actuator 18 is not generated. However, in actuality, a product deviation of the actuator spring constant or application of gravity G due to the inclination of the apparatus causes a deviation of ΔL, specifically, several tens to several hundreds μm from the center 321b of the optical actuator 18. . Further, the center 321C of the magnetic head 8 facing the center 321a of the optical actuator 18 is also displaced due to an assembly error. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 79B, a positional deviation occurs between the magnetic head 8 and the optical head 6 facing each other.

  Even if the optical head 6 scans the optical track of a specific address, there is no correspondence with the magnetic track tracked by the magnetic head 8, so that another magnetic track may be accessed. Specifically, the track pitch of the magnetic track is usually 50 to 200 μm. The center deviation between the optical head 6 and the magnetic head 8 is several hundred μm at maximum. Therefore, under bad conditions, the magnetic head 8 may run on the magnetic track adjacent to the target track, and incorrect data may be recorded.

In order to avoid this, in the reference invention , as shown in FIG. 80A, an offset voltage ΔV _o is given to the tracking control signal, and the optical head 6 is placed so that the optical head 6 comes to the back side of the reference magnetic track 67. The method of decentering only L is taken. That is, if the eccentricity correction amount ΔL is always decentered, in the case of a stationary machine, the magnetic head 8 and the optical head 6 always face each other in the vertical direction with high accuracy, and the degree of correlation between the optical track 65 and the magnetic track 67 increases. With this mechanical accuracy, track deviation of several μm to several tens of μm can be achieved.

  In this way, even if the track pitch is 50 μm, the magnetic head can be tracked to the intended magnetic track based on the optical address.

As shown in FIG. 80 (b), if this offset voltage ΔV _o is applied, the optical head 6 is decentered by ΔL, and the magnetic head 8 can access the desired magnetic field by accessing the address of the optical track 65. The track 67 is accessed.

Here, a method for calculating the offset voltage ΔV _o will be described.

  First, a method for obtaining the average track radius of the disk as a measure against eccentricity will be described. In the CD and minidisc (MD) standards, the eccentricity of the optical track 65 occurs up to 200 μm. On the other hand, the track pitch of the magnetic track 67 is 2 DD, that is, 200 μm in the 135 TPI class. Accordingly, it is difficult to access the target magnetic track 67 on the back surface by referring to the address of the optical track 65 if no measures are taken.

As shown in FIG disk eccentricity of FIG 81 (a), between the track 65 _T when not to apply servo optical track 65 _PM and the optical head 6 was pre-master △ r _n becomes eccentricity occurs.

  Here, when the tracking servo is applied to the optical head without moving the traverse, it can be detected that the tracking error signal as shown in FIG. 81B is generated due to the eccentricity of the optical track.

If you set the optical track address at theta = 0 ° in the read reference point, the tracking radius by eccentricity r _n - △ r _n, and the draw smaller radius than the radius r _n of the designed tracking. On the other hand, when θ = 180 °, r _n + Δr _n , and a radius larger than r _n is drawn.

  When the track pitch is 100 to 200 μm and the optical track is decentered by ± 200 μm, the track radius itself changes unless the tracking servo is applied.

As shown in the figure, the error is smallest at θ = 90 ° and θ = 270 °. Therefore, theta = 90 °, by determining the center position of the light tracks on the basis of the address of the optical track 65 _PM at 270 °, determined radius r _n of the n tracks of the set value.

As is apparent from FIG. 81, when θ = 90 ° and θ = 270 °, Δr _n = 0 and the standard track radius r _n is obtained.

  The positions θ = 90 ° and 270 ° are obtained from the tracking error signal shown in FIG.

By using the address of the optical track 65 in a position on an extension of this angle, by track the optical head to the optical address 65s, the standard track radius r _n can be obtained, can be tracked by more accurate magnetic head It has the effect of becoming.

  The optical address 320 is recorded on the first track or the TOC track of the magnetic track 67.

  In the case of the CD or MD format, the address information has a small number of address information in one round of one optical track. Therefore, 360 addresses at all angles cannot be obtained at 360 °.

  As shown in FIG. 86, it can be seen how many blocks at address 1 correspond to the angle θ. Thereby, for example, an angular resolution of 1 degree is obtained. Therefore, by managing in units of blocks, optical address information having an arbitrary radius at an arbitrary angle can be obtained. The correspondence table of the magnetic track numbers corresponding to the accurate optical address information is hereinafter referred to as “address correspondence table”.

  The method for obtaining an accurate optical track radius has been described above.

Next, a method for making the magnetic track radius r _m correspond to the optical track radius r _o will be described.

  As for the positional deviation of the optical head with respect to the magnetic head, a deviation during operation is added to a deviation during manufacturing. These are not uniquely determined due to variations between products. It is important to clarify this correspondence for compatibility.

  There are two methods for this.

  The first method is a method in which a reference track is not provided on the magnetic surface of the recording medium.

  When the magnetic surface is formatted as shown in FIG. 79B, there is usually a positional deviation ΔL between the magnetic head 8 and the optical head 6. When formatting is performed in this state, tracks shifted by ΔL are recorded. In this case, when recording / reproducing is performed on the same disk and under the same conditions with the same disk, there is no problem because everything is performed in a state shifted by ΔL.

  In this case, since there is backlash of the traverse actuator, it is necessary to always move the traverse from the inner circumference to the outer circumference when tracking to a predetermined track.

  In order to track the nth track again, an offset distance of ΔL exists between the magnetic head 8 and the optical head 6 as shown in FIG. 79B without applying an offset voltage during tracking. Therefore, when the same optical track as that at the time of recording is accessed, the same magnetic track as at the time of recording is tracked, so that the data of the target magnetic track can be recorded and reproduced.

Next, when this formatted recording medium is applied to another drive, when an offset voltage is not applied, as shown in FIG. Compared to the case, the optical track and the magnetic track are shifted by an offset distance ΔL _o, and data is recorded / reproduced on the wrong magnetic track. In order to avoid this, in the present invention, the traverse is first controlled and moved so as to access the reference magnetic track 67 as shown in FIG.

Next, with the traverse fixed, the offset voltage ΔV is changed so that the optical head 6 accesses the optical track 65 containing the reference address signal to obtain ΔV _o . As a result, the correspondence between the optical track and the magnetic track can be made in the same manner as in the previous drive that has been formatted.

By constantly applying this offset voltage ΔV _o to the actuator of the optical head 6, as shown in FIG. 82 (b), all other magnetic tracks and optical tracks can be handled with an accuracy of several μm to several μm. Is obtained with an inexpensive configuration. In other words, when a specific optical address is accessed by applying an offset voltage, a specific magnetic address can be automatically accessed. Since this effect can be obtained by a configuration in which the optical head 6 is not provided with a lens position sensor, the number of parts can be reduced.

  Next, a second method, that is, a method of recording the reference track on the magnetic recording surface in advance will be described. As shown in the drawing of the magnetic recording surface of FIG. 83, one magnetic track 67 on which embedded servo tracks are recorded is provided at the time of manufacturing the disk.

As shown on the left of FIG. 83, the servo magnetic track 67 is recorded while a part of two magnetic tracks on which carriers of different frequencies f _a and f _b are recorded overlap each other.

When the magnetic head 8 tracks this center and reproduces, the magnitudes of f _a and f _b are the same. However shifted when the output of the f _a inward, the output of f _b increases deviates outward, it is possible to control the magnetic head 8 to the center of the track to move the traverse.

Providing this servo magnetic track slightly increases the cost of the medium, but has the effect of obtaining a more accurate value when calculating the offset voltage ΔV _o in FIG. Also, the eccentric information of the optical track can be obtained more accurately.

  84 (a) and 84 (b), the slider 41 of the magnetic head 8 is molded by a soft material such as Teflon (registered trademark) instead of metal. This has the effect that the destruction of the magnetic recording layer 3 by the slider 41 is reduced.

  Also, as shown in the side views of the magnetic heads in FIGS. 85A and 85B, when magnetic recording is not performed, the slider is tilted by the slider actuator, the magnetic head 8 is separated from the magnetic recording layer 3, and one end of the slider 41 is removed. Contact the parts.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 85B, when the slider 41 is tilted and parallel to the magnetic recording surface by the actuator only when magnetic recording is performed, the magnetic head 8 contacts the magnetic recording layer 3 and magnetic recording becomes possible. . In this case, there is an effect that wear of the magnetic head 8 is reduced when magnetic recording is not performed.

(Example 11 (reference example) )
A recording / reproducing apparatus according to Example 11 of the reference invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  The basic configuration is the same as the block diagram of FIG. 38 described in the sixth embodiment. The eleventh embodiment employs a method that does not apply tracking servo control of a magnetic head, which is generally called a non-tracking method.

  The block diagram at the time of recording is configured as shown in the block diagram of the recording circuit in FIG.

88 (a) and 88 (b) show a case where recording is performed using two magnetic heads 8a and 8b having different azimuth angles, respectively, A head 8a and B head 8b. As shown in FIG. 88B, when the track pitch of the magnetic track 67 is T _P , the head width T _H has a relationship of T _P <T _H <2T _P. Usually, it is used under the condition of T _H = 1.5 to 2.0T _P. For this reason, when the nth track is recorded, it is also recorded on the area of the (n + 1) th track. Since the overlapping portion when the recording of the n + 1 track is overwrite recording, the recording track width of T _P is formed.

As shown in the enlarged view of the recording format in FIG. 89, two heads with different azimuth angles, A head 8a and B head 8b are switched at θ = 0 °, and data is recorded while alternately overwriting data in a spiral shape. . Thus the head width T _H is smaller than the track width T _P is formed as shown in FIG. 89. Since the A track 67a and the B track 67b having different azimuth angles are adjacent to each other, no crosstalk occurs between the tracks during reproduction. As shown in the recording format diagram of FIG. 90, since a guard band 325 is provided between a plurality of adjacent track groups 326, recording and reproduction can be performed independently of each other.

As shown in the data structure diagram of FIG. 91, the data of each track such as A ₁ , B ₁ , A _2, etc. is composed of a plurality of blocks 327, and a plurality of tracks are collected into one track group. A guard band 325 is provided between each track group to enable rewriting in units of track groups. A plurality of blocks constituting one track are composed of a synchronization signal 328, an address 329, a parity 330, data 331, and an error detection signal 332.

  Here, the operation during recording will be described. The input data designated by the address is input to the input circuit 21. In the case of the eleventh embodiment, at the time of recording, data is rewritten with the track group 326 of FIG. 91 as one unit. That is, a plurality of tracks are rewritten simultaneously. Since each track group 326 is separated by the guard band 325 as shown in FIG. 90, even if recording / reproduction is performed in this unit, the other track groups are not affected.

  Now, when the input data includes only a part of the information of the track group, the data cannot be rewritten so that the entire track group 326 cannot be rewritten. Therefore, when the nth track group is rewritten, the nth track group is reproduced in advance and all data is stored in the buffer memory 34 in the magnetic reproducing circuit 30. This data is sent to the input circuit 21 as an address and data at the time of writing, and the data at the address that matches the input data is replaced with the input data. In this case, the same data as the address of the input data in the buffer memory 34 may be replaced with the input data.

  Thus, all the data of the nth track group 326n to be written is sent from the input circuit 21 to the magnetic recording circuit 29, modulated by the modulation circuit 334, and the data for the A head 8a and the data for the B head 8b are created by the separation circuit 333. .

As shown in a recording timing chart of FIG. 92 (a), B track by t = the A head 8a at t ₁ performs recording of the A track data 328a1, B head 8b at t = t ₂ the disc is rotated 360 ° Data 328b1 is recorded.

  A switching timing signal between the A head and the B head is detected by the rotation signal of the disk motor 17 or the rotation of the optical address information by the optical reproduction circuit 38 by 360 °, and is sent from the disk rotation angle detector 335 to the magnetic recording circuit 29. . A no-signal portion 337 is provided at the end of each track data 328, and a signal guard band is provided so that the A track data 328a and the B track data 328b do not overlap.

  There is a guard band 325 on the disk, but beyond this, it is necessary to set the recording start radius and end radius accurately so as not to accidentally record on the adjacent track group 326. In the present invention, a specific optical address is used as a reference point, and a method for obtaining a permanent absolute radius is used.

  In FIG. 87, the optical address is read from the optical head 6 and the optical reproducing circuit 38. In this case, in order to improve accuracy, the optical head eccentricity correction method described in FIGS. 80 and 82 of the tenth embodiment is used. The eccentricity correction amount is calculated by the same method, stored in the eccentricity correction amount memory 336, read out when necessary, and the optical head drive circuit 25 makes the optical head 6 eccentric, and the traverse moving circuit 24a sets the optical address of the traverse actuator 23a. Drive while referring to move the traverse. Thus, the magnetic track 67 can be accurately tracked by referring to the optical address of the optical track.

  Although an example in which recording is performed using two magnetic heads 8a and 8b having different azimuth angles alternately has been described, the recording time becomes longer in this method.

As shown in FIG. 88 (c), the radial positions of the two heads are shifted by T _pa , A track data and B track data are sent simultaneously from the separation circuit 333 in FIG. By sending at a pitch twice as high as T _p , as shown in the recording timing chart of FIG. 92 (b), one track group can be recorded in half time, and the speed can be increased.

  In this way, input data is recorded in a spiral on the track.

  As a specific design example, even if the optical track has an eccentricity of ± 200 μm, the eccentricity correction means eliminates the influence, and the amount of eccentricity of chucking falls within, for example, ± 25 μm. The eccentricity of the rotating shaft of the motor is within ± several μm. In this case, by setting the width of the guard band to 50 μm or more, a track can be recorded with a width within an error of ± several μm even if the track pitch is 10 μm. Thus, there is an effect that large capacity recording can be performed by the non-tracking method.

  The traverse control for spiral recording will be described. In the recording format of FIG. 89, two points of the start point optical address 320a at the start of recording and the end point optical address 320e at the end of recording are set as reference points. In the case of FIG. 89, the traverse may be driven at the same pitch from the start point to the end point while the disk rotates four times. In the case of the present invention, a configuration is adopted in which a screw is turned by a rotary motor to send a traverse. A rotation pulse from the rotary motor is obtained.

Traverse as the traverse gear rotation speed diagram in FIG. 97 is moved from the starting point optical address 320a to the optical address 320e of the end point, measure the rotational speed n _o of this period of the traverse drive gear. Since the disk is rotated four, the system controller 10 n _o / 4Tr. p. The rotation speed of s is calculated, and a command to turn the traverse drive gear at this rotation speed is issued. The magnetic head records data at an accurate track pitch. At the end of recording, since the magnetic head 8 is in the vicinity of the end optical address 320e, it does not pass through the guard band and reach the start optical address 320x of the adjacent track group. The traverse drive gear rotation speed may be measured once every time the disk is changed. It may also be recorded on a disc. Also, traverse control can be performed more smoothly and accurately by applying traverse control while counting the line numbers of the optical track.

  The cylindrical recording format diagram of FIG. 96 shows the case where a coaxial track is used. In this case, the traverse is moved each time so that the optical head accesses the six points of the optical addresses 320a, 320b, 320c, 320d, 320e, and 320f of each track during each track recording. As a result, a cylindrical track is formed.

Also, as shown in the optical recording surface format diagram of FIG. 98, when there is a non-optical address area 346 having no optical address and no signal, access by the optical address is not possible. In this case, a predetermined relative position can be tracked even in the non-optical address area 346 by obtaining the reference radius and the disk rotation reference angle in the optical address area 347 and counting the line number of the optical track. If a table of line numbers from the reference optical address point for each track is created and written in the magnetic TOC area 348, the target magnetic track can be accessed by other drives. The access method using line No. has the effect of increasing the access speed although the accuracy of the absolute position is lower than that of the optical address method. It is desirable to use both, but it is preferable to use the line number counting method for reproduction in view of high-speed access. There are two types of drives, a high density type and a normal density type. High density type head width T _H is 1 / 2-1 / 3 of the normal type. The track pitch is also 1/2 to 1/3 T _po when the normal type is T _bo . In the case of non-tracking, the high density type can reproduce normal density type data, but the reverse is not possible.

In order to maintain compatibility, when recording with a high density type, a compatible track is provided, and recording is performed with a track pitch of T _po as shown in the recording format diagram of FIG. As shown in the correspondence diagram between the optical recording surface and the magnetic recording surface in FIG. 100, when the optical surface data is divided into three programs 65a, 65b, and 65c, the magnetic recording data to be saved is roughly divided into the respective programs. By setting the areas on the magnetic tracks 67a, 67b and 67c in the surface area, there is an effect that the movement amount of the traverse becomes small and the access time is shortened.

  Next, the reproduction principle will be described.

  The block diagram at the time of reproduction in FIG. 93 represents blocks related to reproduction. Although it is almost the same as the block diagram of FIG. 87, only the magnetic reproducing unit 30 is different.

  First, a playback command and an access command for a magnetic track No are sent from the system control unit 10 to the traverse control unit 338. As in FIG. 87, the magnetic head accurately accesses the target magnetic track No.

  As shown in FIG. 89, the magnetic track 67 is tracked in a spiral shape, and the outputs of both the A head 8a and the B head 8b are simultaneously input to the magnetic reproducing unit 30 and amplified by the head amplifiers 340a and 340b, respectively. Demodulation is performed by 341a and 341b, and error check is performed by error check units 342a and 342b, and a normal signal is sent to AND circuits 344a and 344b only for normal data. The data separation unit separates the data into addresses and data, and the AND circuits 344a and 344b send only data with no error to the buffer memory 34, and each data is stored at a predetermined address. This data is output from the buffer memory 34 based on a read clock from the system control unit 10. When the memory in the buffer memory 34 is about to overflow, an overflow signal is sent to the system control unit 10, and the system control unit 10 issues a command for reducing the traverse feed width to the traverse control unit. Alternatively, the speed of the motor 17 is decreased and the reproduction transfer rate is lowered. In this way, overflow can be prevented.

When there are many errors in the error check unit 342, an error signal is sent to the system control unit 10, and the system control unit 10 sends a track pitch reduction command to the traverse control circuit 24a. Thus, the reproduction track pitch is changed from normal T _p to 2/3 T _p , 1/2 T _p , and 1/3 T _p , and the data of the same address is reproduced 1.5 times, 2 times, and 3 times, so an error occurs. The rate goes down. If all the data of the next (n + 1) th track are collected before all the data of the nth track are collected in the buffer memory 34, there is a possibility that the data of the nth track cannot be reproduced. In this case, the system control unit 10 issues a reverse traverse command to the traverse control unit to return the traverse to the inner circumferential direction. Then, by reproducing the nth track, the data of the nth track can be reproduced.

  Thus, there is an effect that data can be reliably reproduced without increasing the error rate.

  Next, a disc reproducing operation by non-tracking will be described.

As shown in the data arrangement diagram of FIG. 94, data is recorded on the disc as recorded data 345a, 345b, 345c, and 345d of the A track. B track data, B ₁ , B ₂ , B ₃ , and B ₄ are also recorded, but cannot be reproduced when reproduced by the A head because the azimuth angle is different.

For ease of explanation, B track data is omitted. When the recorded data 345 of the A track is reproduced by the A head 8a at the same track pitch T _{po as} that at the time of recording, the track locus is misaligned with the disk, so that the track locus 349a, 349b, 349c, 349d Become. Since the head width T _H of the A head 8a is wider than T _po , the tracks on both sides are reproduced in half. Of course, the B track is not reproduced.

  Accordingly, the data reproduced without error among the reproduction signals of the track trajectories is A head reproduction data 350a, 350b, 350c, 350d, 350e.

  This data is sequentially sent to the buffer memory 34 of FIG. 93, recorded at a predetermined disk address, and the data of each track is completely reproduced as memory data 351a and 351b.

  Thus, the non-tracking A track data is reproduced. The B track is reproduced in the same manner.

  As described above, the eleventh embodiment has an effect that a large-capacity memory can be realized with a simple configuration because recording and reproduction can be performed with a small track pitch without applying the tracking servo of the magnetic head. In particular, since the traverse control is performed using the address of the light surface, the traverse feed accuracy may be low, and the linear sensor in the radial direction can be omitted. When it is applied to MD-ROM, it can be rewritten only in block units of several KB to several + KB, and when applied to CD-ROM without a cartridge, it can be rewritten only in block units of several hundred B to several KB. However, when focusing on home multimedia applications, it is not a problem because low cost and large capacity are more important than high speed accessibility. In exchange for this disadvantage, the non-tracking servo system has the effect of dramatically increasing the capacity by one to two digits. This large capacity can be realized at low cost because it is a method that does not require expensive track servo. This is because in the case of the no-tracking method, tracking is basically performed accurately only with the bearing accuracy of the rotary motor. And this bearing accuracy is realized at low cost. In the case of the MD-ROM used in the cartridge, the recording wavelength can be set to 1 μm or less, so that a recording capacity of about 2 to 5 MB can be obtained. In the case of a CD-ROM used naked, the recording wavelength becomes as long as 10 μm or more because a printing layer and a protective layer are provided on the magnetic layer as will be described later in Examples 12 and 13. For this reason, in the normal method, only a capacity of several + KB can be obtained. However, by adopting the no tracking method, a recording capacity of about several KB to 1 MB can be obtained. As described above, the eleventh embodiment has an effect that a large capacity can be increased at low cost by using the optical access mechanism of the current CD, CD-ROM, MD, MD-ROM as it is.

(Example 12 (reference example) )
A recording / reproducing apparatus according to Embodiment 12 of the reference invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  The basic configuration is almost the same as the block diagram of FIG. 87 described in the embodiment.

  The recording / reproducing apparatus of Example 12 uses a recording medium in which a magnetic recording layer is provided on the back surface of a ROM disk that does not use a cartridge such as the CD-ROM described in the previous example. Since the basic configuration operation of the recording / reproducing apparatus has already been described, it will be omitted and the recording medium will be described in detail.

  FIG. 101 is a perspective view of the recording medium 2. A light transmitting layer 5, an optical recording layer 4, a magnetic recording layer 3, and a printing layer 43 are provided on the bottom, and a print 45 such as a CD title label is formed on the printing region 44. A hard protective layer 50 having a Mohs hardness of 5 or more may be provided. In a recording medium that does not have a cartridge, such as a CD or a CD-ROM, and has an optical recording surface on one side, the printing area 44 can be provided on almost the entire surface on the opposite side. When a double-sided optical recording surface such as an LD or LD-ROM is provided, as shown in the perspective view of the recording medium in FIG. 102, a printing region 44 is provided in a narrower region at the center that does not affect optical reproduction. Can do.

In this embodiment, a case where a CD-ROM is used as a recording medium will be described. Here, the configuration and manufacturing method of the recording medium will be described. In the manufacturing process diagram of the recording medium of FIG. When P = 1, when P = 1, the substrate 47 having the light transmitting portion 5 in which the pits 46 are engraved is prepared. When P = 2, a light reflecting film 48 such as aluminum is formed by vapor deposition or sputtering. At P = 3, a magnetic material such as barium ferrite having a high Hc of 1750 or 2750 Oe with Hc of 1500 Oe or higher is directly applied, or once applied to the base film is transferred together with the adhesive layer, and the magnetic recording layer 3 Create The recording medium of this embodiment is not protected by the cartridge. Therefore, it is necessary to use a high Hc magnetic material so that the recorded data is not destroyed by a strong external magnetic field such as a magnet. In industrial applications, when magnetic media are used naked, field tests have confirmed that there is no data corruption under normal use conditions by using a magnetic recording material having an Hc of 1750 Oe to 2750 Oe. In home use, as can be seen from the diagram of the magnetic field strength of various products in the home in FIG. 121, there are usually only 1000 to 1200 Gauss magnetic fields in the home. Therefore, the magnetic material Hc of the magnetic recording layer 3 may be set to 1200 Oe or more. In this embodiment, the destruction of data in daily life is prevented by using a material having Hc of 1200 Oe or more. In order to increase the reliability at the time of data recording, if the Hc of the magnetic material is increased to 2500 or more using barium ferrite or the like, the reliability is further improved. Barium ferrite is suitable for a CD-ROM type partial RAM disk in which low-cost mass production is indispensable since the randomizer process is not required since the material is inexpensive and can be produced by an inexpensive coating process, and the randomizer process is not necessary. In this case, it is processed on a disk. What is important is that the recording characteristics are deteriorated when the magnetic orientation is performed in a specific direction like a magnetic card or a magnetic tape since recording and reproduction are performed in the circumferential direction. In order to prevent such orientation in a certain direction, a magnetic film is formed while applying an external magnetic field in various directions by a randomizer before the applied magnetic material is hardened. As described above, in the case of barium ferrite, there is an effect that the randomizing process can be omitted. However, in the case of a CD or CD-ROM, as shown in FIG. 101, it is possible to print and display the media title and contents as labels so that consumers can visually recognize and discriminate the contents of the media, according to the CD standards. It is obligatory. It is also important to make the appearance beautiful by printing photographs and the like in color and increase the commercial value. Since magnetic materials are usually dark brown or black, they cannot be printed directly on them. In order to erase the dark color of the magnetic recording layer 3 at P = 4 and enable color printing, a printing ground layer 43 of a color having a lot of reflection such as white is formed with a film thickness of several hundred nm to several μm by coating or the like. . From the viewpoint of recording characteristics, it is preferable that the printing base layer is thin, but if it is too thin, the color of the lower magnetic recording layer is transmitted, so that the film thickness d ₂ of the printing base layer 43 is required to have a certain thickness. .

In order not to transmit light, a thickness of half or more of the wavelength is necessary. Therefore, the minimum wavelength of visible light λ = 0.4 μm is required, and a thickness of λ / 2 = 0.2 μm or more is necessary. Accordingly, d ₂ is required to have a thickness of 0.2 μm or more. When d ₂ ≧ 0.2 μm is used, a magnetic color shielding effect can be obtained as a printing base. On the contrary, d ₂ > 10 μm is not preferable because the magnetic recording characteristics are greatly deteriorated due to space loss. Accordingly, at least d ₂ ≦ 10 μm can be used for magnetic recording and reproduction. By setting 0.2 <d ₂ <10 μm, there is an effect that both the color blocking characteristic and the magnetic recording characteristic can be achieved. Experiments have shown that it is desirable to use around 1 μm. If a magnetic recording material is mixed in the printing underlayer 43, there is an effect of reducing substantial space loss.

By applying printing ink 49 made of a dye at P = 5, a label printing 45 as shown in FIG. 101 can be displayed. Since printing is performed on the white print base layer 43, full-color printing is possible. Since the dye printing ink 49 is applied as shown by P = 5 in FIG. 103, the ink soaks into the printing foundation layer 43 at a depth of d ₃ , and the surface irregularity of the printing foundation layer 43 does not occur. For this reason, the head touch of the magnetic head is improved during magnetic recording / reproducing, and the effect of preventing the printing from dropping due to the traveling of the magnetic head is obtained. This completes the recording medium.

  As a manufacturing method, the magnetic recording layer 3 with P = 3 and the printing ink 49 with P = 5 are manufactured using a gravure coating process as shown in an overall perspective view of the coating process in FIG. Explaining this, the magnetic material coating material of barium ferrite transferred from the coating material acupuncture point 352 to the coating material transfer roll 353 is selectively etched and remains in the etching portion 355 having a CD shape on the intaglio drum. Unnecessary coating material is removed by a scriber 356. The CD-shaped coating material is transferred onto a soft transfer roll 367 covered with a soft resin portion 361 like a CD-shaped coating portion 358. The application unit 358 is transferred and applied to the surface of the recording medium 2 such as a CD. Prior to drying, a magnetic field is applied by a random magnetic field generator 362, resulting in a random magnetization orientation. Since the soft transfer roll 367 is soft, it can be accurately applied onto a hard object such as a CD. Thus, P = 3, P = 4, and P = 6 can be applied as shown in FIG. However, the printing process of P = 5 may be an offset printing process because the film thickness is thin. Also, as shown by P = 6 in FIG. 103, by applying a protective layer 50 made of a transparent material having a Mohs hardness of 5 or more having a thickness d4 on the recording medium, the printing ink can be prevented from falling off and external scratches can be prevented. In addition, since the magnetic recording layer 3 can be protected from wear by the magnetic head, the reliability of data is improved.

  In addition, as shown in the cross-sectional view of the coating and transferring process of FIG. Ink 49, printing base layer 43, and magnetic recording layer 3 are applied and randomly oriented by random magnetic field generator 362. This coating film is aligned with the surface of the base 4 on the pit 46 side, fixed by thermocompression after transfer, and the release film 359 is removed, whereby a recording medium having the same structure as step P = 6 in FIG. 103 is completed. To do. In the case of mass production, the transfer method has a higher throughput and lower costs, so that when producing tens of thousands of sheets like a CD, the production efficiency is improved. This is suitable.

  Further, although the dye is used at the time of printing in FIG. 103, a printing ink 49 of pigment may be used as in the process P = 5 in the coating process diagram of FIG. In this case, the thickness is d3, but by providing the protective layer 50 made of a transparent material containing a lubricant of d4> d3 at P = 6, the surface unevenness is reduced and the head touch is improved by the lubricant. is there. By using the pigment, there is an effect that wider color printing can be performed. In this case, the surface unevenness can be eliminated by applying a hot press after the process of P = 5, and the finished product can be used as it is. In this case, since the protective layer 50 can be omitted, there is an effect that one process can be reduced.

  Next, a method for forming a magnetic shield layer will be described. Since there is a magnetic head on the magnetic recording layer 3 side of the recording medium and an optical head on the light transmission layer side, electromagnetic noise from the actuator of the optical head leaks directly into the magnetic head, and an error rate when reproducing a magnetic signal Deteriorates. As shown in the diagram of the relative noise amount from the optical pickup to the magnetic head in FIG. 116, noise near 50 dB is generated. By providing a magnetic shield in the recording medium 2 as a countermeasure, the influence of electromagnetic noise can be reduced. As shown in the manufacturing process diagram of the recording medium in FIG. 107, a magnetic shielding effect can be obtained by providing a high μ magnetic layer 69 having a high μ and a small Hc such as permalloy by sputtering or the like at P = 2. In the manufacturing process, when it is desired to form the low Hc magnetic layer 69 in a short time or to make it thick, a permalloy foil having a thickness of several to several tens of μm may be sandwiched. It can be made thick even by plating. By making it thick, the magnetic shielding effect becomes higher. In FIG. 103, the light reflection layer 48 is made of aluminum at P = 2, but by forming a permalloy by sputtering, the light reflection and the magnetic shield can be shared by one film. When you want to thicken permalloy, you can make it at low cost by plating method. This has a remarkable effect that the process of the reflective shield film is halved. In addition, in the transfer system process, in addition to the recording medium transfer process in FIG. 108, the adhesive layer 60a and a high μ magnetic layer 69 such as a permloy foil of several μm to several tens μm are formed. As a result, a recording medium having a magnetic shielding effect can be produced in the transfer process.

  As described above, a recording medium having a magnetic recording layer having a printing surface and an optical recording layer as shown in FIG. 101 can be produced. For this reason, an effect that a magnetic recording surface can be added at the same time as providing a label similar to that of a conventional CD satisfying the CD standard is obtained. Now, as described above with reference to the magnetic field strength diagram of the household product in FIG. 121, the magnets existing in daily life are mainly ferrite magnets that are inexpensive. And most magnets are not directly exposed. Even if it is exposed, only a magnetic field of about 1000 Oe is generated in the vicinity. In rare cases, rare earth magnets such as magnetic necklaces are used in daily life, but since they are small in size, the possibility of magnetizing barium ferrite magnetic recording materials is low. Therefore, there is an effect of preventing data destruction of the magnetic recording layer by a magnet existing in daily life by using a magnetic recording material having a Hc of 1200 Oe such as barium ferrite and a margin of 1500 Oe. Furthermore, since a magnetic shield layer made of a high μ magnetic material can be added, electromagnetic noise from the optical head during magnetic reproduction can be greatly reduced. The above manufacturing method basically uses an inexpensive construction method such as a gravure coating process and an inexpensive material, so that the RAM function and printing can be performed without increasing the cost of a partial RAM disk such as CD and CD-ROM, which is characterized by low cost. There is a remarkable effect that the surface is obtained.

  Here, a method for constructing a recording medium with an identifier indicating the presence or absence of the magnetic layer, that is, an HB identifier for short will be described. As shown in FIG. 213, in the case of a CD, the data of the optical recording layer is composed of 98 frames having a data structure subjected to EFM modulation to form one block. In the Q bit of the subcode of the frame in the TOC, for example, if a code with POINT set to “BO” is defined as an HB identification code 468a, the code “BO” is not currently used. And the CD-ROM and the magnetic layer-attached HB medium of the present invention can be identified while maintaining complete compatibility. Moreover, since it is recorded in the TOC area, it can be identified when the TOC is first read, so that the effect that the HB medium can be identified during the start-up work time can also be obtained.

  FIG. 223 (a) shows a cross-sectional view of the HB medium, and the aluminum vapor deposition film 3 is provided on the transparent substrate 5. As shown in FIG. 223 (b), an EFM-modulated signal is formed in this pit. In the case of the control bit 470e of Qbit 470d in the subcode 470c in the data string 470b, the HB of “0011” An identification code 468a is recorded. As another method, the identification code 468a of “BO” is recorded in the POINT 470f of the TOC. This recording medium 2 provides an effect that the presence or absence of the magnetic layer can be identified without changing the configuration.

(Example 13 (reference example) )
A recording / reproducing apparatus according to Embodiment 13 of the reference invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  The basic configuration is similar to the block diagram of FIG. 87 described in the eleventh embodiment. The major difference is that, as described in Example 12, a magnetic material having a higher Hc than that of a normal magnetic disk is used, and a recording medium having a nonmagnetic protective layer of 1 μm or more on the upper layer of the magnetic recording layer is used. The magnetic head suitable for the recording medium is employed, and the countermeasure for preventing the mixed noise due to the magnetic field from the optical head is taken.

  First, the configuration of the magnetic head will be described. The overall block diagram of the recording / reproducing apparatus shown in FIG. 110 is obtained by dividing the magnetic head shown in the block diagram of FIG. Three heads including a magnetic head 8s are used. Since it can be played back while recording, error checking can be performed simultaneously. Since other operations are the same as those in FIG. 87, detailed description thereof is omitted.

  Here, the two heads of the magnetic heads 8a and 8b, which are the features of this embodiment, will be described with reference to the cross-sectional view of the magnetic head portion of FIG.

The optical head 6 and the magnetic heads 8 a and 8 b are arranged opposite to each other on the recording medium 2, and the optical head 6 accesses a desired specific track of the optical recording layer 4 on the recording medium 2. As a result, the magnetic heads 8a and 8b that move in conjunction with the optical head 6 run on the magnetic track on the back side of the optical track on the magnetic recording layer 3, and the magnetic recording is performed by the magnetic head 8a for writing and reproduction. Is performed by the magnetic head 8b. This recording / reproducing state will be described with reference to the magnetic track in FIG. 113 as viewed from above. Since the magnetic head 8 a has a write track width La and a head gap 70 a having a gap length Lgap, a magnetic track 67 a having a width of La is recorded on the magnetic recording layer 3. On the magnetic track accessed by the magnetic head 8, there is a disk-shaped disk cleaning unit 376 made of a soft material such as felt, which has the effect of removing dust and dirt on the disk and reducing the error rate during reproduction. In the OFF state of FIG. 111, neither the magnetic head 8 nor the disk cleaning unit 376 connected to the disk cleaning unit connection unit 380 with a spring is in contact with the recording medium 2. Next, when the magnetic head 8 is lowered, first, the disk cleaning unit 376 lands on the recording medium 2 as shown in ON-A in the figure. The magnetic head unit 8 does not come into contact with the recording medium 2 due to the disk cleaning unit coupling unit 380 made of a spring. For this reason, since the magnetic head 8 soft-lands on the recording medium 2 in the ON-B state in two steps, even if the magnetic head 8 is lifted and lowered while the recording medium 2 is rotating, both the magnetic head 8 and the recording medium 2 are used. There is an effect that damage is prevented. Further, as shown in the top view of FIG. 113, since the magnetic track 67a in the portion before the magnetic head 8 travels is cleaned, the error rate at the time of magnetic recording / reproducing is also reduced. A magnetic head cleaning unit 377 that is linked to the magnetic head lifting / lowering unit 21 is also provided. When the magnetic head 8 is lifted / lowered when the disk is mounted, the contact portion of the magnetic head 8 is cleaned by the magnetic head cleaning unit 377 at least once. Is done. At this time, the disk of the disk cleaning unit 376 rotates a little angle to become a new surface, so that the disk is cleaned on the new surface when the next disk is mounted. Next, since the reproducing head gap 70b of the magnetic head 8a is only Lb wide, only the width of the reproducing track 67b is reproduced from the magnetic track 67a. In the case of the thirteenth embodiment, the head gap length Lgap of the magnetic head 8a is important. This is because, as described in FIG. 103, the recording medium described in Example 12 includes the printing underlayer 43 and the printing layer 49 protective layer 50 between the magnetic recording layer 3 and the magnetic head 8a8b. The thicknesses are d2, d3, and d4, respectively. Therefore, a space loss of at least d = d2 + d3 + d4 always occurs. The space loss S is expressed by the following equation (1), where λ is the recording wavelength: S = 54.6 (d / λ) (dB).

Further, there is a relationship of λ = 3 × Lgap (2) between the head gap Lgap and λ.

As a result of the experiment, the printing foundation layer 43 is preferably 1 μm or more from the light-shielding surface. Further, the print layer 49 and the protective layer 50 need to be 1 μm in total. Therefore, d is required to be 2 μm, and d = 2 μm ………………………………………… (3).

From the above three conditional expressions, S = 54.6 × 2/3 Lgap (dB) (4).

  This can be represented by the relationship between the head gap and the space loss in FIG. If the space loss alone is not suppressed to at least 10 dB or less, sufficient recording / reproducing characteristics cannot be obtained. Therefore, it can be seen from the graph of FIG. 112 that LGap needs to be set to at least 3 μm or more in an application using a recording medium with a printed layer.

In applications where higher density is prioritized over the beauty of printing, the capacity can be increased by using a recording medium without a printing layer. However, in the case of the hybrid medium of the present invention, it is assumed that it is used naked like a CD. It is said. For this reason, space loss due to dust is inevitable. Space loss due to oil such as fingers and household waste is the worst. D = 1μm ……………………………………………… (5) formula should be considered. FIG. 112 shows the attenuation in this case. From FIG. 112, when a medium having no printing layer is used, recording / reproducing can be performed without being affected by space loss by setting the head gap to 1.5 μm or more.

  A magnetic head of a recording / reproducing apparatus for recording / reproducing data by rotating a magnetic disk for data recording such as a hard disk or a floppy has a slider portion, and the head gap is usually 0.5 μm or less. When the recording medium of the present invention is recorded / reproduced using such a conventional magnetic head for a magnetic disk, sufficient recording / reproduction output cannot be obtained due to the presence of a protective layer or a printing layer. However, in the thirteenth embodiment, as shown in the magnetic head portion 8a of FIG. 111, the slider portion 41 is provided and at least the head gap of the recording head 8a is 5 μm or more. It becomes. Therefore, there is an effect that a sufficient recording / reproducing output can be obtained at the time of recording / reproducing.

  In the thirteenth embodiment, full-color label printing can be performed on the medium surface, and a recording medium having exactly the same appearance as a conventional CD or CD-ROM can be adopted as shown in FIG. Therefore, even if the CD having the magnetic recording layer of the present invention is adopted, there is an effect that the consumer is not confused due to the difference in appearance and the basic function of the CD standard is not impaired. In particular, the magnetic recording layer uses barium ferrite that is high in Hc, low in material cost, and does not require a random orientation process. Therefore, magnetic fields encountered in daily life have the effect that magnetic data is not destroyed and can be manufactured at low cost even under the worst conditions. . As described above, since it can be handled in exactly the same way as an existing CD, there is an effect that it is completely compatible with the CD.

  Next, measures for suppressing magnetic field noise from the optical head to the magnetic head will be described. Electromagnetic noise from the optical head actuator 18 causes noise to enter the reproducing magnetic head 8b, resulting in a poor error rate.

  Therefore, as a first method, by using the recording medium 2 having the magnetic shield layer 69 described in the twelfth embodiment as shown in the cross-sectional view around the magnetic head in FIG. It is possible to prevent the error rate from being deteriorated due to mixing into the head 8. In this case, when the optical head comes to the end of the disk, there is no magnetic shield outside the disk, so that electromagnetic noise from the optical head actuator reaches the magnetic head 8. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 110, a magnetic shield 360 is provided around the disk on the recording / reproducing apparatus side to block electromagnetic noise outside the disk. As another method, as shown in FIG. 111, the actuator 18 of the optical head is surrounded by a magnetic shield 360 having a high μ such as permalloy or iron, leaving an opening 362 for the lens. As a result, it is possible to obtain an effect that the electromagnetic noise generated by the actuator of the optical head is less mixed into the magnetic head 8b and the mixed electromagnetic noise is greatly reduced.

116 shows the relationship between the spacing between the magnetic head and the optical head and the mixed noise. The position of the magnetic head portion in the state where the optical head portion of the recording / reproducing apparatus actually manufactured is fixed and the focus control to the optical recording portion is performed. The relative level of electromagnetic noise mixed into the magnetic head 8 from the optical head 6 is measured by moving the recording medium on the plane facing the recording medium. As a second method, this noise is detected and added to the reproduction signal in reverse phase to reduce the noise component. As shown in the block diagram of the magnetic recording / reproducing apparatus in FIG. 111, a noise detecting unit such as a noise canceling magnetic head 8s or a magnetic sensor is provided, and the noise canceller unit 378 adds a constant amount in phase opposite to the reproduction signal of the magnetic head 8b. Addition by the ratio A cancels the noise component. Noise can be canceled by optimizing the addition ratio A. The optimum addition ratio A ₀ can be obtained by running a magnetic track without a magnetic recording signal and changing the addition ratio so that the reproduction signal is minimized. A ₀ can be calibrated by that method. This calibration work is performed when the mixed noise becomes large. In this case, the same effect can be obtained by using the recording head 8a as a mixed noise detection unit using the point that the recording head 8a is not used during reproduction in FIG. 110 and inputting the signal of the recording head 8a to the noise canceller 378. . In this case, there is an effect that the canceling magnetic head 8s can be omitted.

  A configuration when the noise canceling magnetic head 8s is provided will be described. As shown in the configuration diagram of the noise canceling magnetic head in FIG. 129, as shown in the side view of FIG. 129 (a), the noise canceling magnetic head 8s is attached to the magnetic heads 8a and 8b via the coupling portion 8t. ing. FIG. 129 (c) shows a view from above. FIG. 129 (b) shows a side view as seen from the track traveling direction, and when the recording medium 2 is touched, a height do space loss occurs. Even if λ = 200 μm from the equation (1) of this embodiment, if do is 200 μm or more, the reproduction signal from the magnetic recording layer becomes −60 dB and hardly reproduced. On the other hand, as shown in the mixed noise diagram of FIG. 116, even if the magnetic head is raised 0.2 mm upward, the level of the mixed noise hardly decreases within −1 dB. In this case, if the distance Ls between the noise canceling magnetic head 8s and the reproducing magnetic head 8b is, for example, λ = 200 μm, the distance Ls is λ / 5, that is, 40 μm or more, thereby preventing the original signal from being mixed from the reproducing head. For this reason, there is a great effect that electromagnetic noise mixed into the reproducing magnetic head from the optical head driving unit can be suppressed almost completely. Further, instead of the canceling magnetic head 8s, a magnetic sensor 381 such as a Hall element or MR element is provided on the slider 41 in the vicinity of the magnetic head 8 as shown in the block diagram of the magnetic sensor in FIG. Drive magnetic noise can be detected. By adding this signal in reverse phase to the magnetic reproduction signal, the mixed noise can be greatly reduced. In this case, the size can be reduced as compared with the magnetic head detection method.

  FIGS. 172 to 175 show a more specific structure of FIG. 129, and FIG. 172 (a) shows an example in which a head having a structure in which the recording head 8a and the reproducing head 8b are combined with one gap is used. .

  When heads of exactly the same size are arranged as shown in FIGS. 175 (a) and 175 (b), the effect is the highest, although the size is increased.

  FIGS. 175 (a) and 175 (b) show an example in which the width of the canceling head 8s is narrowed and downsized. In this case, the size can be reduced.

FIGS. 172 (a) and 172 (b) show an example in which a cancel magnetic head 8s having a uniform width is used. In particular, FIG. 172 (c) is provided with a groove 41a which also serves the groove d ₀ becomes the gap in the slider 41. The slider 41 has a wider air contact surface than the head 8a, and the air pressure is smaller in the magnetic head 8a. For this reason, there is an effect that the head and the media contact are improved. In this case, l ₂ > l ₁ .

  FIG. 173 is obtained by eliminating the head gap of the cancel head 8s of FIG. 171. Since the magnetic signal is not read even if it is brought into contact with the magnetic surface, only noise can be picked up.

  176 to 178 use a coil 499 as a cancel head.

  FIG. 176 (a) shows a case where two coils 499a and 499b are arranged in the groove of the magnetic head 8, and the magnetic flux 85 of noise as shown in FIG. 175 (b) can be detected.

  FIG. 177 (a) is one in which coils 99a and 499b are arranged in parallel with the gap of the head, and is highly effective because noise in the magnetic field direction of the head can be detected.

  FIG. 177 (b) shows a block diagram of noise cancellation. The signals of 499a and 499b are amplified by the amplifiers 500a and 500c, mixed by the amplifier 500b, and input to the noise input section of the noise canceller 378 of FIG.

  FIG. 178 (a) shows an improved noise detection capability using four coils 499c and 499d perpendicular to the coils 499a and 499b parallel to the head cap.

  As shown in the block diagram of FIG. 178 (b), by adjusting and mixing the outputs of the parallel coils 499a and 499b and the outputs of the vertical coils 499c and 499d, a noise detection signal optimal for cancellation can be obtained.

  The spectrum distribution diagram of FIG. 179 shows the result of measuring the electromagnetic noise of the optical pickup with the noise canceling head actually attached. As is apparent from the figure, the noise generated at several KHz overlaps the reproduction frequency region of the present invention using a wavelength of 100 microns, making reproduction difficult. However, it is shown in the figure that the adoption of a cancel cell head reduces about 35 dB noise in this region. For this reason, there is an effect that the error rate during reproduction is greatly improved.

  As is apparent from FIG. 116 as the third method, if a 10 mm interval is provided, the 15 dB noise is reduced. Therefore, by setting the distance between the optical head and the magnetic head to 10 mm or more, there is an effect that noise is greatly reduced. In such a case, a method for maintaining the accuracy of the positional relationship between the optical head and the magnetic head is important. A configuration that specifically realizes this will be described.

117, the optical head 6 and the magnetic head 8 are rotated in the same direction by the traverse gears 367a, 367b, and 367c as the optical head 6 and the magnetic head 8 are rotated by the same traverse actuator 23. Since these are reversely threaded, the optical head 6 moves in the left direction on the drawing as indicated by an arrow 51a, and the magnetic head 8 moves in the opposite directions in the right direction on the drawing in the direction of the arrow 51b. As a result, each head is first adjusted in position as a result of the contact with the position reference points 364a and 364b, the optical head 6 moves onto the reference optical track 65a, and the magnetic head 8 moves onto the reference magnetic track 67a. . Since the initial positions of the two are thus set, the accuracy of the positional relationship between the two during movement is maintained. At least a new recording medium 2 is mounted for this positioning, or
By doing it once at power-on, they simply move the same distance. Therefore, when the optical head 8 accesses the specific optical track 65, the magnetic head 6 accurately accesses the specific magnetic track 67 on the same radius as the optical track 65. Thereafter, when the optical head 6 is moved, the magnetic head 8 is also moved by the same amount. Therefore, as shown in the top view of the traverse of FIG. 118, the optical track 67b and the magnetic track 65b on the same radius are always accurately positioned. To access. If the outermost, both heads on a track on the circumference of the radius L ₂ are. If the innermost, both heads on a track on the circumference of a radius L ₁ is moved. In this case, the distance between the optical head 6 and the magnetic head 8 is 2L ₁ , but if this distance is set to 10 mm or more, the mixed noise from the optical head to the magnetic head is reduced. In the case of CD, since this L ₁ = 23 mm, the distance between the two becomes 2L ₁ = 46 mm, and as is clear from FIG. 116, the mixed noise becomes 10 dB or less, and there is a great effect that the influence is almost eliminated. As shown in FIG. 117, when the recording medium 2 is mounted, it cannot be mounted as it is because of the magnetic head 8. Accordingly, the magnetic head 8 and the traverse portion are largely lifted by the magnetic head lifting / lowering portion 21 shown in FIG. 1 to mount the recording medium. At this point, the positional relationship between the two heads is crazy. At this time, as described above, the contact surface of the magnetic head 8 is cleaned by the magnetic head cleaning unit 377. Then, the magnetic head 8 and the traverse portion are returned to predetermined positions. When the magnetic head 8 and the traverse portion are returned to their original positions, the exact relative positional relationship between the optical head 6 and the magnetic head 8 is shifted. Therefore, even if the magnetic head 8 is moved in conjunction with the optical head 6 as it is, a specific magnetic track 67 on the same radius as the optical track 65 cannot be accessed accurately. By performing the positioning operation described above at least once when the recording medium is mounted, there is a great effect that the position accuracy when the magnetic head 8 accesses the desired magnetic track 67 with a simple configuration is improved. This can be said to be an important function for realizing consumer equipment that requires low cost.

  As another configuration, as shown in a cross-sectional view of another traverse portion of FIG. 120, the optical head 6 and the magnetic head 8 are connected by a flexible traverse connecting portion 366 such as a leaf spring and a connecting portion guide 375 for guiding the same. By doing so, it is possible to move in conjunction with each other as shown by an arrow 51, and the effect of moving both heads in conjunction with the traverse portion described in FIG. 117 can be obtained. In this system, since the traverse connecting portion 366 is soft, the magnetic head 8 can be easily raised in the direction of the arrow 51a. For this reason, the effect that the magnetic head lifting / lowering part of the magnetic head 8 is easily lifted when the recording medium 2 is mounted is added.

117 may be arranged as shown in the cross-sectional view of the traverse of FIG. 126 so that the distance between the optical head 6 and the magnetic head 8 is always L ₀ . In this case, the optical head 6 and the magnetic head 8 move in the same direction as indicated by arrows 51a and 51b. In this case, since the distance between the magnetic head 8 and the optical head 6 can be maximized, there is an effect that the noise mixed from the optical head to the magnetic head is reduced. In the case of CD, there is no great effect, but the radius is small as in the case of MD disk, and the method described with reference to FIG. 117 has the effect that the mixed noise is reduced when the distance between the optical head 6 and the magnetic head 8 is not sufficient.

  In the description of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 117, a case where the magnetic head and the optical head are arranged at an angle of 180 ° with respect to the center of the disk has been described. The arrangement of In this case, if the condition that the two heads are at a distance of 10 mm or more when the two heads are closest to each other is satisfied, an effect of reducing mixed noise is obtained.

  Noise is reduced by combining one or a plurality of the above three mixed noise countermeasures.

  If the electromagnetic shield of the optical head 6 is sufficiently effective, the optical head 6 and the magnetic head 8 can be faced up and down as shown in the cross-sectional view of the traverse portion of FIG. Also in this case, by providing the position reference portions 364a and 364b, there is an effect that the accuracy of alignment of both heads is improved. This face-to-face arrangement method has the effect of reducing the size because all parts can be arranged on one side with respect to the center of the disk.

  Next, the recording format will be described here. Since the optical disk for data is CAV (constant rotation speed), the rotation speed is the same even if the radius of the optical head changes. However, when applied to a CD-ROM, the rotation of the disk is CLV and the rotation speed varies depending on the radius of the track, but the linear velocity is constant. In this case, a recording format such as a general floppy disk or hard disk cannot be used. In the present invention, in order to increase the recording capacity when applied to a CD-ROM, as shown in the recording formats 370a, 370b, 370c, 370d, and 370e in FIG. It is set so large. At the beginning of the data, a synchronization unit 369, a track number unit 371, a data unit 372 having a different capacity for each track, a CRC unit 373 for error check at the end, and a non-signal gap unit 374 are set after that. Even when the linear velocities are different, the next leading synchronization portion 369b and the like are not accidentally erased during recording. With such a configuration, there is an effect that the recording capacity is about 1.5 times larger in the case of a CD than in the case where a CD has the same capacity as each floppy disk (registered trademark). Further, since the magnetic head performs magnetic recording / reproducing by using the rotation control of the CLV motor based on the signal of the CD optical head as it is, there is an effect that a motor control circuit dedicated to magnetic recording can be omitted.

  The following describes the physical format on the disk. There are two physical formats: “normal mode” and “variable track pitch mode”. As shown in the physical format diagram in the normal mode on the recording medium in FIG. 123, magnetic tracks 67a, 67b, 67c, and 67d are arranged on the back surfaces of the optical tracks 65a, 65b, 65c, and 65d. Tracks are arranged at an interval of track pitch Tpo.

  Further, in the present invention, a “variable angle” system is adopted. As shown in FIGS. 117 and 119, in the case of the present invention, there are various angles such as 0 °, 180 °, 45 °, and 90 ° relative angles of the optical head 6 and the magnetic head 8. In general, in a conventional rotating magnetic disk type recording / reproducing apparatus, a data synchronization unit (Sync) 369, that is, Index 455, is arranged at a certain angle as viewed from the center on the disk. However, in the case of the variable angle system index of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 123, the arrangement angle of the Sync 369 at the start point of the data is defined as a specific MFS optical block of the CD optical recording unit as an index. Thus, the pitch can be arbitrarily selected at a pitch of 17.3 mm in the circumferential direction. In this case, as shown in FIG. 214, if the MSF information of the optical frame of the index for each track is recorded, the index information can be obtained simultaneously with the tracking. When the sync next to the MSF is used as an index, recording can be started with an accuracy of 170.8 μm as shown in FIG. In this case, as shown in FIG. 123, the magnetic recording can be accurately started from the Sync 369 based on the Index, but it cannot always be accurately ended. If it does not end correctly, Sync 369 will be overwritten by the last recorded signal. In order to avoid this, it is only necessary to know the number of light pulses per round. For this reason, the optical recording unit of the index is first rotated. On the way, the light beam is returned to the original track by one track. Then, the index optical address is reproduced again. If the number of light pulses during this time is recorded, one rotation can be made accurately. If the data thus measured is recorded in the magnetic recording portion of the magnetic track-optical address correspondence table in FIG. 214, that is, in track 0 or track 1, it is not necessary to measure the number of pulses again.

  Thus, since the number of MSF blocks and the number of physical frames that make one round are known, as described above, magnetic recording is completed with high accuracy of one frame, that is, 173 μm, so that the Sync 369 can be prevented from being destroyed and the gap 374 can be minimized. Therefore, the recording capacity can be increased.

  In this case, in order to obtain synchronization, it is necessary to quickly obtain subcode data. In FIG. 211, after the optical reproduction signal is EFM-decoded, a subcode of a specific MSF is obtained from the subcode synchronization detection unit 456. In more detail with reference to FIG. 215, the Index detection unit 457 that has obtained the subcode from the subcode synchronization detection unit 456 compares it with the subcode of the optical address of the specific magnetic track, and if it matches, the data buffer The data recording is started from the sync of the block next to the index address. In this case, since the subcode information that can be obtained at the earliest time is used, the effect of being able to find the head accurately with a small delay time is obtained.

  In some cases, the data at the optical address that becomes the index may be destroyed. In this case, the magnetic recording of the track becomes impossible. To avoid this, as shown in FIG. 214, an error-free optical address next to the optical address is defined, and the optical address MSF information is recorded in the magnetic track table of the magnetic recording unit so that the track is used again. There is a big effect that it will be possible.

  As a result, an effect that the absolute angle detection means and the detection circuit of the disk can be omitted is obtained. In addition, since the beginning of magnetic recording can be started from an arbitrary rotation angle portion, in the case of a CD, data recording can be started immediately after reading specific optical address information of the optical recording portion such as a subcode to be an index. For this reason, at the time of reproduction, reproduction of the synchronization part at the head of the magnetic data is started immediately after reading the optical address information of the track. There is also a great effect that data access time is shortened. This method is particularly effective when the same type of recording / reproducing apparatus is used.

  Here, a magnetic track access method will be described. As shown in FIG. 213 of the thirteenth embodiment, the optical address information is recorded in the Q bit of the subcode in the form of minute, second, frame, ie, MSF. When accessing an optical track, it is necessary to access the MSF itself, but the magnetic track width is several hundreds μm, which is two orders of magnitude larger than the optical track, and corresponds to several hundreds of optical track widths.

Therefore, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 221, first, recording / reproduction of the specific magnetic track is started in step 468a, and an optical address corresponding to the magnetic track is obtained from the optical address-magnetic track correspondence table in step 468b. In step 468c, the reference optical address M ₀ S ₀ F ₀ is obtained. In step 468d, it is confirmed whether the magnetic reproduction is to be performed. If reproduction is to be performed, the upper limit value M ₂ S ₂ F ₂ and the lower limit value M ₁ S ₁ F ₁ of the search address range are calculated in step 468e, and the optical address is searched in step 468f. When it is confirmed that the upper limit value and the lower limit value are within the range at 468g, the magnetic data reproduction operation is started at step 468h. If there is no error at step 468j, the reproduction is completed. If there is an error, the number of times is checked at step 468j. In step 468k, the search optical address range is reduced and magnetic reproduction is performed.

  Returning to step 468d, for magnetic recording, it is checked whether there is an optical index at step 468m. The head is accessed, cueing is performed based on the optical index mark in step 468r, magnetic recording is started in step 468s, and the recording is completed in step 468t.

Returning to step 468m, when there is no optical index mark, the specific optical address M ₀ S ₀ F ₀ is searched for in step 468u, accessed in step 468v, and then the block of M ₀ S ₀ F ₀ is next in step 468w. When the specific codes S ₀ and S ₁ of the EFM modulation signal recorded in the subcode areas of the first and second frames shown in FIG. 213 of FIG. 213 are detected, the magnetic recording is cued, and step 468x Recording is started at 468 and is completed at step 468t.

  When the magnetic recording track is accessed by using the method of FIG. 221, it is only necessary to search for a plurality of optical addresses in the range of several tens of frames before and after the optical address, compared to searching for one optical address. The effect is that the access time of the magnetic track is greatly increased.

  Further, the optical address search range in the case of recording is made narrower than the search range in the case of reproduction by adopting, for example, ± 20 frames and ± 5 frames, so that optical recording can be performed more reliably.

Next, the “variable track pitch mode” will be described. A general ROM disk is mounted like a game machine, and at the start of the program, the TOC track is read first, the specific track where the program is recorded is read, and the specific track where the data is recorded is read. This procedure is the same every time at startup. For example, when a CAV optical disk is used, let us assume a case where predetermined tracks such as the first track 65b, the 1004th track 65c, the 2504th track 65d, and the 3604th track 65e are accessed as shown in FIG. In the case of using the hybrid disk of the present invention, if the magnetic information required at the time of start-up is located in a place other than the magnetic track on the back side of the optical track accessed at the time of start-up, the device can use the extra magnetic track in addition to the access to the optical track. Will be accessed. Therefore, the initial rise is delayed accordingly. In addition, if the track pitch is equal in the “normal mode”, the probability that the center of the magnetic track is behind the optical track is low. For this reason, it is necessary to access a magnetic track different from the optical track, and in this case, the rising speed is slow. In the “variable track pitch mode” of the reference invention , for example, magnetic tracks 67b, 67c, 67d, and 67e are defined on the back side of the four optical tracks 65b, 65c, 65d, and 65e that need to be read at the time of rising. There is. The track No. and the address information of the optical recording unit corresponding to each track No. In the case of a CD, subcode information is recorded in the TOC unit of the optical recording unit or the TOC unit of the magnetic recording unit. Next, the data to be read at the time of rising to the magnetic track, such as the number of items acquired at the end of the previous game, the degree of progress, the score, the personal name, etc. Even without special access to the magnetic track where the necessary information is recorded, it automatically accesses at the time of start-up and reads the magnetic data, so that the loss time is eliminated and the start-up time is much faster. . In this case, as shown in FIG. 124, the track pitch between the tracks is Tp1, Tp2, Tp3, Tp4 and takes a random value. For this reason, there is an effect in applications where the recording capacity is slightly reduced but the speed of rising is prioritized.

The “variable pitch mode” and the “variable angle mode” are also effective for music applications such as karaoke. When the reference invention is used for karaoke, it is possible to record and save personal environment setting data such as the pitch of each individual's easy to sing song, the tempo of the song, the amount of echo, and each parameter of the DSP for each song. This means that once set, the karaoke CD is automatically inserted into the karaoke machine, and the song is automatically played back with the pitch, tempo, and echo that suits each individual. Can be enjoyed. In this case, a magnetic track on the back side of the optical track 65b, 65c, 65d, 65e of the beginning of each song is defined, and personal karaoke data relating to the song is recorded on the magnetic tracks 67b, 67c, 67d, 67e. Keep it. Then, when the karaoke song of the optical track 65c is selected, the karaoke setting data for each individual is recorded on the magnetic track 67c on the back side, and the period when the disc is rotated once when the reproduction of the specific song is started. The music is output with the pitch, tempo, and echo of the song set. As described above, the variable pitch mode also has a great effect that both optical data and magnetic data can be quickly accessed even in music applications. This is effective when used for environment setting such as a DSP sound field for each song in a single music application.

When the reference invention is used for a CD - ROM, if Hc is set to 17500e, a RAM capacity of about 32 kB can be obtained. Since the ROM capacity of the optical recording surface of the CD-ROM is 540 MB, there is a capacity difference close to 100,000 times. The actual CD-ROM products rarely use up to 540 MB, and even if it is the smallest, there are several + MB of free space. In the present invention, the free area of the ROM is used to record a compression / decompression program for data compression / decompression and various reference tables for compression in the ROM, and the data recorded in the RAM area is compressed. This method will be described with reference to the compression method diagram of FIG. In the case of a game, for example, the optical recording unit 4 has information that is strongly correlated with game content that is likely to be necessary in the course of a program such as a game, such as a place name reference table 368a or a person name reference table 368b. A table is recorded in advance. Since the free area of the ROM is large, it is possible to prepare various reference tables for information that seems to be frequently used among words and numbers such as names of people and places. For example, when the word “Washington” is recorded in the magnetic recording layer 3 which is a RAM area, an area of 80 bits is consumed as it is. However, in the case of the present invention, referring to the compression reference table 368a, it can be seen that "Washington" is defined as a binary code of "10". In this case, 80-bit data is compressed into 2-bit data of “10”. By recording this compressed data on the magnetic recording layer 3, it can be recorded with a capacity of 1/40. In general, it is known that compression can be performed 2 to 3 times when a lossless compression method is used. However, by using this compression method, data compression of 10 times or more is possible if the application is limited. For example, the above-described 32 kB CD-ROM of the present invention has a magnetic recording capacity of 320 kB. It becomes substantially equivalent. As described above, in the case of the hybrid disk of the present invention, the physical ROM capacity is reduced by using the ROM area of the optical recording unit, but the effect is that the substantial logical RAM storage capacity can be remarkably increased because of compression. is there. In FIG. 125, since the compression / decompression program is recorded in the ROM portion of the optical recording portion, there is an effect that the substantial capacity of the RAM area is not reduced. When there is a sufficient margin in the RAM area of the magnetic recording unit, the compression / decompression program may be recorded in the magnetic recording unit. Specifically, it can be realized by using the Hulfman optimum encoding method or the Ziv-Lempel data compression method. By creating a reference table and Hash function in the case of the Ziv-Lempel system in advance and recording them in the optical recording unit, the recording data of the magnetic recording unit can be lowered.

  Here, a specific example of the overall operation will be described with reference to flowcharts of all the operations shown in FIGS. 127 and 128.

First, with the magnetic head lifted, the disk is loaded in step 410, and the magnetic head is returned to a fixed position in step 411. In step 412, the optical head is moved to the TOC track, and in step 413 TOC optical data is read. The first method is realized by using control bits of Q _{1 to} Q ₄ bits of the subcode in the CD data diagram of FIG. When Q ₃ = 1, if the magnetic recording layer is defined, the magnetic layer can be identified. For example, in FIG. 213, Q ₁ , Q ₂ , Q ₃ , Q ₄ = 0000, 1000, 0001, 1001, and 0100 are already used as the data track of the magnetic layer after the optical track. Therefore, if Q ₁ , Q ₂ , Q ₃ , Q ₄ = 0, ₁ , ₁ , 0 are defined as magnetic data tracks, the magnetic track format information can be recorded in the TOC. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 214, the physical position of the CD of the optical recording section that is an index that is the starting point of recording and reproduction of each magnetic track is recorded. For example, in the case of the first track, if the optical head accesses an MSF, that is, a block of 3 minutes 15 seconds 55 frames, the magnetic head accesses the first track. As shown in FIG. 213, the Index indicating the recording start position is only MSF information, and an accuracy of 17.3 mm can be obtained. In order to further improve the accuracy, if a specific frame of a specific MSF is specified, an Index signal can be obtained with an accuracy of 176 μm. Therefore, for example, if an index is created by using a sync signal of a block next to a specific MSF block and recording is started, it is possible to cue recording / reproduction with an accuracy of 176 μm. In this case, as described with reference to FIG. 123, since the indexes are not aligned at a certain angle due to CLV, the indexes of the respective tracks are different, but actual recording / reproduction is not an issue. By using MSF information in this way, an index can be obtained, so that it is not necessary to provide an index specially, so that the configuration is simplified. This data includes a flag indicating whether or not there is a magnetic recording portion on the optical disc, address information such as a CD subcode number corresponding to the position of each magnetic track in the magnetic data, and the presence or absence of a variable pitch mode. . In step 414, the presence or absence of the flag of the magnetic recording layer is confirmed. If Yes, the process proceeds to step 418. If No, the optical mark indicating the presence or absence of the magnetic recording layer on the magnetic recording surface or the like is read in step 415. If not, the process jumps to step 417 in block 8 and no magnetic recording / reproduction is performed on the disk. In step 418, the magnetic recording / reproducing mode is entered, and the magnetic track initial setting step 402 is entered. In step 419, the magnetic head is lowered to the medium surface, and after reading the magnetic data of the TOC in step 420, the magnetic head is raised in step 421 to prevent wear. In step 422, an error flag indicating an error state of the magnetic data is checked. In step 423a, if there is a flag, the process proceeds to block 5. In the cleaning instruction block 427 for the magnetic disk surface in block 5, the optical disk is ejected in step 427a, a message “Clean the optical disk” is displayed on the display unit in step 427b, and stopped in step 427c. On the other hand, in step 424, it is checked whether the optical address correspondence table of each magnetic track is the default value recorded on the optical recording surface side, and if NO, in step 426, based on the magnetic data information of the TOC track, a part of magnetic The contents of the track-optical address correspondence table are updated and stored in the internal memory of the main body. If Yes, the playback block 403 of block 1 is entered.

  If there is a magnetic track read command in step 428, the process proceeds to block 2. If not, the process proceeds to step 429. If not in the variable track pitch mode, the process proceeds to block 2. If so, the optical track group number n is set to 0 in step 430. To do. In step 431, n is set to n + 1. If n is the final value in step 432, the process jumps to step 438. If the final value is not reached, the first optical track of the nth optical track group is accessed in step 433. If the default magnetic track is acceptable in step 434, the magnetic head is lowered to the medium surface as it is in step 436, the magnetic data is read in step 437, stored in the internal memory, and the process returns to step 431. On the other hand, if the optical address corresponding to the magnetic head is not a default value, an optical address other than the default value is accessed in step 435, magnetic data is read in steps 436 and 437, and the process returns to step 431. In step 431, n is increased by one, and if n reaches the final value in step 432, reading of optical data and reading of magnetic data are completed in step 438. Therefore, in the case of a game machine, a game program is started and magnetic recording is performed. Based on the data recorded in the section, the previously completed game scene is reproduced. In step 439, the magnetic head is lifted and the process proceeds to the internal “memory rewrite” block 405 in block 3.

  Returning to step 429, if not in the variable track pitch mode, the process jumps to the normal track pitch mode 405 of block 2. If the normal track pitch mode is not set in step 440, the process jumps to block 3. If Yes, in step 411, an access command for the nth magnetic track is received. Waiting for the optical address corresponding to the magnetic track, immediately after accessing this optical address in step 443, magnetic data is read in step 444, stored in the internal memory in step 445, and jumped to block 3. In the rewrite step 405 of block 3, the presence / absence of a rewrite command is checked in step 446. If No, the process jumps to step 455. Go to step 448. In step 448, it is checked whether the magnetic data to be rewritten exists in the internal memory of the main body. If "Yes", the process jumps to step 454, and magnetic recording is not performed but only the internal memory is rewritten. If “No”, the magnetic track-optical address correspondence table is viewed in step 449, a specific optical track is accessed, the magnetic head is lowered in step 450, magnetic data is read in steps 451, 452, and 453, and stored in the internal memory. Then, the operation of raising the magnetic head is performed, and the information transferred to the internal memory is rewritten in step 454 and the process proceeds to block 4.

  In the final accumulation block 406 of the block number 4, first, in step 455, it is checked whether or not it is the final accumulation instruction. If step 455 is Yes, in step 456, it is checked whether there is updated data in the magnetic data in the internal memory, and only the update is extracted. If there is no update in step 457, the process proceeds to step 458, and the update is performed. If there is, the optical address of the corresponding magnetic track is accessed in step 459, the magnetic head is lowered in steps 460, 470 and 471, the magnetic data is recorded immediately after the optical address is detected, and the recorded data is checked. When the error rate is large at step 472, the process jumps to the magnetic head cleaning block 408 of block 7, raises the magnetic head at steps 481, 482, cleans the magnetic head by the head clean unit, and records again at step 483, The error rate is checked. If OK, the process proceeds to block 1; if not, the process jumps to the magnetic disk cleaning instruction block in block 5.

  Returning to step 472, if the error rate is small, it is checked in step 473 whether recording is complete. If "N0", the process returns to step 470. If Yes, the magnetic head is raised in step 474, and if all operations are completed in step 475. Go to the end block of block 6; if not, return to block 1.

  At the end step 407 of this block 6, the magnetic head is lifted at step 476, the magnetic head is cleaned by the magnetic head clean unit at 477, and if there is an EJECT command at step 478, the optical disk is ejected at step 479 and ejected. If not, stop at step 480. The recording / reproducing apparatus according to the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention operates according to the flowchart as described above.

  The mixed noise is reduced even if a band filter having the same band as the frequency distribution of the reproduction signal of the magnetic head is put in the drive circuit of the actuator 18. Further, after accessing the magnetic track, the electromagnetic noise is also reduced by cutting off the drive current of the actuator of the optical head 6, reproducing it with the magnetic head 8b, and starting driving the actuator with the end of reproduction.

Many existing CDs are thickly coated with printing ink on the back by screen printing or the like, and have several tens of μm unevenness. If the magnetic head 8 is brought into contact with such a CD, the printing ink on the concavo-convex portion may fall off and be damaged. 115, when the recording medium 2 having the magnetic shield layer 69 is inserted, there is no magnetic shield layer 69 as shown in the OFF state. Compared with the case where the recording medium 2 is inserted, the electromagnetic noise from the actuator of the optical head 6 is remarkably reduced. This noise is output from the magnetic head reproducing circuit 30 and can be easily detected. That is, the recording medium of the reference invention can be distinguished from the conventional recording medium such as a CD without contacting the magnetic head 8 with the magnetic recording layer 3. Then, the magnetic head 8 is brought into contact with the recording surface only when the recording medium having the magnetic recording layer of the present invention is inserted, thereby bringing the magnetic head into contact with the back surface of the recording medium having no magnetic recording layer such as CD or LD. Therefore, there is an effect that the printed matter and the optical recording surface on the back surface can be prevented from being damaged by the magnetic head. As another method, in FIG. 111, a discrimination code indicating that a magnetic recording layer of the medium exists is recorded in advance in the optical track portion in the vicinity of the TOC portion and the TOC portion of the CD optical recording portion. Only when the optical TOC is read without contacting the medium and this magnetic layer discrimination code is detected, the magnetic head 8 is lowered onto the medium surface. By this method, when the existing CD is inserted, the magnetic head 8 does not come into contact with either the optical recording side or the printing surface side of the medium, so that the existing CD is prevented from being damaged. A specific optical mark may be attached to the printing surface of the optical disc, and it may be determined that the magnetic recording layer is present only when the mark is present.

(Example 14 (reference example) )
A fourteenth embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 134 shows a block diagram of a recording / reproducing apparatus according to Embodiment 14 of the reference invention .

  In this embodiment, the magnetic recording unit 3 is recorded or reproduced by performing modulation or demodulation based on the optical clock signal 382 of the optical recording / reproducing signal on the optical recording surface of the recording medium 2. Since the basic operation is the same as that in FIG. 110, a detailed description of the entire operation is omitted.

In FIG. 134, the optical clock 382 is regenerated from the optical regenerated signal in the clock regenerating circuit 38a in the optical regenerating circuit. The optical clock 382 is frequency-divided, and the clock circuit 29a in the magnetic recording circuit 29 generates a magnetic clock signal 383 shown in FIGS. 134 and 135, which becomes a clock for modulation of the modulation circuit 334. FIG. 216 illustrates this state in detail. The optical clock of the clock recovery unit 38a of the optical recovery circuit is 4.3 MHZ. This signal is dropped by the frequency divider 457 to the modulation clock signal of the MFM modulator 334 of the reference invention of 15 to 30 KHZ and magnetically recorded. As described above, cueing is performed by the index detector 457 detecting the optical address. The rotation control of the motor in this case is performed based on the optical signal. As shown in the time chart of FIG. 218, magnetic recording is started by a periodic signal after the optical index.

At the time of reproducing the magnetic signal, the magnetic clock signal 383 is reproduced by the clock circuit 30a of the magnetic reproducing circuit 30 and becomes a clock at the time of demodulation of the demodulator 30a. The operation during magnetic reproduction will be described in detail with reference to the block diagram of FIG. In this case, after reproducing the optical address of the index, as shown in FIG. 218 (d), the power supply of the actuator of the optical pickup 6 is turned off, and the magnetic reproduction is turned on after the electromagnetic noise disappears. Demodulation and motor rotation control. A reproduction signal from the magnetic head 8 is shaped by the waveform shaping unit 466, and an approximate reproduction clock is reproduced by the clock reproduction unit 467 and sent to the pseudo magnetic synchronization signal generator 462. The magnetic synchronization signal detection unit 459 reproduces the magnetic synchronization clock signal, demodulates it into a digital signal by the MFM demodulator 30b, corrects the error by the error correction unit 36, and then outputs it as magnetic reproduction data. Since the magnetic reproduction signal is obtained by dividing the optical reproduction signal by a certain division ratio, when switching from the optical reproduction signal to the magnetic reproduction signal, the PLL 459a of the magnetic synchronization signal detection unit 459 switches from light to magnetism. Since the signal obtained by dividing the optical regenerative clock until just before is sent as reference information, the pull-in center frequency is set in the vicinity thereof. Therefore, when switching from light to magnetism, it is drawn in by the magnetic reproduction clock PLL in a short time. By dividing the optical reproduction clock, a magnetic recording clock is generated, and magnetic recording can be performed in a short time from the optical reproduction clock to the magnetic reproduction clock even if the optical head 6 is turned off during magnetic signal reproduction. effective. When the optical head 6 and the magnetic head 8 travel on the same circumference or different circumferences, a constant division ratio is sufficient, but when traveling on different circumferences without being fixed, In this case, the radii r _M and r _O are obtained and the division ratio is calculated and corrected.

Next, a rotation control method will be described. Rotation control at the time of optical regeneration is that an approximate optical synchronization signal is generated by the pseudo optical synchronization signal generator 461 by the shortest / longest pulse detection unit 460 of the motor rotation control unit 26 in FIG. 217, and the motor control unit 26a performs the motor control. The rotational speed of 17 is sent to a substantially specified rotational speed and rotated at the rotational speed. At this time, the changeover switch 465 is in the B position. If the optical sync signal detector 465 are synchronized sends a switching instruction to the changeover switch 465 switches the switch from B to A, then the optical reproduction is turned OFF at t = t ₂ the time chart of FIG. 218, a magnetic reproduction In the present invention, a magnetic synchronization signal of approximately 15 KHz or 30 KHz is obtained by measuring the MFM period T of the magnetic reproduction signal in the waveform shaping unit 466 immediately after switching to. This signal is combined with the optical rotation synchronization signal and the clock frequency by the frequency divider / multiplier 464 via the pseudo magnetic synchronization signal generator 462 and sent to the changeover switch 465. Immediately after switching from light to magnetism, the changeover switch 465 switches from A to C, and rough rotation control is performed. Thereafter, when the PLL 459a of the magnetic synchronization signal detection unit 459 is locked, the changeover switch is switched from C to D, and accurate rotation control is performed by the magnetic synchronization signal. In this way, at time t = t _{3 in} the timing chart of FIG. 218, the magnetic reproduction signal is synchronized with the reproduction clock, so that the magnetic data is continuously demodulated.

When an error occurs due to a scratch on the medium surface at t = t _{4 and the} te continues for a certain time, at t = t ₅ , the magnetic reproduction is turned off, the optical reproduction is turned on, and the optical reproduction signal is rotated for the period t _R. Control is performed to stabilize the rotation of the motor.

When the period of t _R elapses, optical regeneration is turned off and magnetic regeneration is turned on at t = t ₇ . Since the error has been completed, the transition of the rotation control from light to magnetism is completed in a short time, and the magnetic recording synchronization signal is reproduced at t = t ₈ , so Data 5 is reliably reproduced. In this way, even if there is an error due to a scratch on the medium, the error is recovered in a short time and does not become a fatal data error. In this way, by performing magnetic reproduction while switching between optical reproduction and rotation control by signal and rotation control by magnetic reproduction signal in a time-sharing manner, stable magnetic signal reproduction is completely unaffected by electromagnetic noise from the optical pickup during optical reproduction. There is an effect that becomes possible. Even when the magnetic head 8 and the optical head 6 are arranged at a distance of 1 cm or more, magnetic reproduction can be performed using the method of FIGS. 217 and 218. In this case, optical reproduction and magnetic reproduction can be performed simultaneously. The motor 17 rotates at the rotation speed synchronized with the switching.

  As shown in FIG. 135, the rotational speed ω of the recording medium 2 fluctuates greatly due to uneven rotation of the motor called wow and flutter. When the magnetic recording clock is fixed, the magnetic recording signal recording wavelength λ on the recording medium 2 varies in various ways due to the above-described variation even on the same track. As shown in FIG. 135 of the present invention, a magnetic clock 383 is generated by frequency division or the like from the optical reproduction clock 382 and magnetic recording is performed, so that a magnetic recording signal having a period of an accurate length is recorded on the recording medium 2. Can be recorded. For this reason, there is an effect that reliable recording can be performed at the shortest recording wavelength. In addition, since the recording signal can be accurately arranged in one track of the recording portion that records in one rotation, the guard gap portion 374 for preventing the overlapping recording described with reference to FIG. 123 can be set to the minimum. Even when reproducing the magnetic signal, the demodulated clock can be accurately reproduced by dividing the optical clock signal as shown in FIG. Therefore, the range of the demodulation discrimination window time 385 during reproduction can be set narrow. For this reason, there is an effect that the discrimination capability of data is improved and the error rate is improved.

In addition, the recording capacity can be increased by a factor of two or three using this optical recording / reproducing clock. In normal binary recording, only 1 bit can be recorded per symbol as shown in Data 1 of FIG. However, as shown in reproduct 2 in FIG. 132, the time width modulation, that is, PWM, of the magnetic recording signal 384 can be applied using the accurate time Top of the optical clock signal 382. By modulating the width of the waveform of one symbol, four values of 00, 01, 10, 11 are assigned to the four time widths of the magnetic recording signals 384a, 384b, 384c, and 384d, that is, one symbol is assigned. Since the number of bits increases from 1 bit to 2 bits, the amount of recording data can be increased. In this case, when recording is performed with an equal period To as shown in the signal 384d, λ / 2 becomes t ₃ '-t ₃ = To-dT as shown in the figure, and is normal because it is below the shortest recording wavelength, that is, the shortest recording period Tmin. Cannot record. Therefore, in the case of the magnetic recording signal 384d, the magnetic clock is shifted by dT with t = t ₃ as a new starting point. Then, t ₄ = t ₃ ′ dT time becomes a discrimination window 384 for discriminating 00 of Data2, and in the case of pulses of t ₅ , t ₆ and t ₇ , data of 01, 10, 11 and 2 bits are demodulated, respectively. The

  Thus, in binary recording such as NRZ, only 1 bit can be recorded per symbol, but 2-bit recording is possible according to the present invention. If the modulation width of the pulse width modulation is 8 types, 3 bits per symbol, and if 16 types are 4 bits per symbol, there is a great effect that a recording capacity of less than 3 or 4 times can be obtained. This is because the wavelength of the optical recording is 1 μm or less, whereas the wavelength of the magnetic recording of the present invention is 10 μm to 100 μm because of a large space loss. Therefore, there is an effect that the pulse interval of the magnetic recording signal can be measured with a resolution of 1 to 1/100 of the wavelength of the magnetic recording signal using the clock signal of the optical signal. From this, the recording capacity is theoretically several tens to 100 times the recording capacity of binary recording by the combination of PWM and optical signal clock. Actually, a recording capacity several to several tens of times can be obtained due to waveform distortion or the like of magnetic recording.

  Thus, the first method has an effect that recording can always be performed at a constant recording wavelength using the accurate optical recording clock signal recorded on the CD-ROM as a reference clock signal. In the second method, the recording capacity can be increased from several times to several tens of times by PWM (pulse width modulation) using the optical recording clock signal as a reference signal.

  Next, a method for detecting the area of the magnetic recording portion in advance and preventing the magnetic head or the like from being destroyed will be described in more detail. The area of the magnetic recording portion of the recording medium 2 of the present invention varies depending on the application. Since game CD-ROMs and personal computer CD-ROMs require a large recording capacity, a recording area for each track is set on the entire surface of the recording medium 2. On the other hand, the amount of information required to record information such as the song title and song order and the copy prevention code information in the music CD may be about several hundred B. In this case, since a recording area of one track to several tracks is sufficient, the remaining portion of the CD excluding the magnetic track portion can be printed with many irregularities such as screen printing on the printing surface side. It is also possible to provide one track of the magnetic track on the inner or outer periphery on the optical recording surface side. In the case of one track, as shown in FIGS. 84 (a) and 84 (b), the recording material can be added to the read-only disk by simply adding the lifting motor 21, the lifting circuit 22, the magnetic recording / reproducing block 9, and the magnetic head 8. The structure is simplified and the cost is reduced. In the case of the one-track system, the recording capacity becomes smaller at the inner circumference. As shown in 67f of FIG. 124, when recording is performed on only one of the outermost magnetic tracks 67f, when used for a CD, a capacity of 2 KB is obtained at a wavelength of 40 μm even with one track. In this case, since an access mechanism to the track is unnecessary, there is an effect that the configuration is simplified and the size is reduced.

  In this case, when the CD is loaded, the rotary motor 17 is CLV driven by the TOC clock at the same time as reading the optical head 6 from the TOC of the optical track 64a in FIG. Since the radius of the TOC of the CD is constant, it rotates at a low speed. Magnetic recording / reproduction is performed in this state. The magnetic recording index signal and synchronization signal are read from the optical track 65. At this time, as shown in FIG. 84, if there is information indicating that the magnetic recording layer 3 is present in the optical track 65 in the TOC portion or around the TOC, the optical recording block 7 detects this information and moves the head up and down. The motor 21 is driven, the magnetic head 8 is brought into contact with the magnetic recording layer 3 as shown in FIG. 84B, and the magnetic recording signal is reproduced.

  The reproduction data is temporarily stored in the memory unit 34 of the recording / reproducing apparatus 1 and updated using this data to reduce the actual number of times of magnetic recording / reproduction and reduce wear.

  As shown in FIG. 84, the TOC optical track 65a and the outermost magnetic track 67f in the case of one track are simultaneously recorded and reproduced, so that the physical distance is close to 3 cm. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 116, the mixing of electromagnetic noise from the optical head 6 into the magnetic head 8 is reduced by 34 dB. Therefore, there is an effect that mixed noise is greatly reduced.

  In the case of the one-track system, the magnetic recording layer 3 may be provided on the surface on the optical recording side in order to use the outer peripheral portion. In this case, as shown in the dotted magnetic recording layer 3a in FIG. 131 and the magnetic head 8a elevating motor 21a, when used in a CD player of the upper lid 38a type, the magnetic head 8a is housed on the lower surface of the CD so that the size can be reduced. At the same time, there is an effect that the structure is simplified because it is not necessary to provide the upper pig.

  Further, when the magnetic recording layer 3a of FIG. 131 is formed on the transparent substrate 5 side by a thick film method such as screen printing, a thickness of several tens μm to several hundreds μm, that is, a height is generated. Due to this height, the magnetic head 8 a contacts only the magnetic recording layer 3 a and does not contact the transparent substrate 5. For this reason, since the transparent substrate 5 is not damaged, there is an effect that the optical recording / reproduction is not hindered. In this case, since the magnetic recording unit is provided, the capacity of the optical recording unit is reduced by this amount. Further, as shown at the left end of FIG. 131, the magnetic head 8a is fixed by removing only ho of 0.2 mm or more from CD2, and the rubber roller 21d is pressed in the direction of the arrow 51 by the elevating part 21b attached to the upper pig 38a or the like. The CD bends and the magnetic recording unit 3b contacts the magnetic head 8a. In this case, since pressure is applied, there is an effect that even if there is dust, contact is made and magnetic recording characteristics are improved.

  In this case, the CD is obtained by applying a magnetic recording material to the outermost peripheral part on the transparent substrate 5 side by screen printing as shown in the lower right diagram of FIG. 98. Actually, it is obtained by printing the CD upside down in the conventional CD printing surface screen printing process.

  Since the existing CD production line can be used, it is possible to obtain a great effect of eliminating the need for capital investment. In this case, when the magnetic head comes into contact with a printing area with many irregularities like the screen printing of the printing part or the transparent substrate part on the optical recording surface side, both are damaged. In order to avoid this damage, an optical mark 387 is provided on the magnetic recording surface side of the recording medium 2 as shown in the sectional view of the magnetic recording apparatus in FIG. This optical mark may be provided on the opposite surface. The optical mark 387 is printed with optical data such as a barcode on the circumference indicating the size of the magnetic recording area. Data such as the barcode of the optical mark 387 can be read by the optical sensor 386 provided on the magnetic head 8 side. Bar code data reproduction can be easily performed by a conventional method by a light detection unit 386 combining an LED and a light sensor. The optical mark portion 387 may be provided on the inner periphery of the TOC portion of the CD in the figure, but by providing the optical mark portion 387 on the inner periphery portion from the TOC portion, there is an effect that it is possible to prevent sliding scratches and contamination by the magnetic head 8.

  As shown in FIGS. 131 (b) and 145 (a), the barcode of the optical mark 387 includes information indicating the radial direction region (r = lm) of the magnetic recording layer of the CD and the value of Hc of the magnetic recording material. And encryption information for copy guards and Disk ID Nos. Etc. are recorded. Thus, since the optical mark 387 can be identified by reading in advance, the magnetic head 8 can be prevented from coming into contact with the recording medium 2 other than the area of the magnetic recording layer. For this reason, there is an effect that the above-described destruction of the magnetic head can be prevented.

  Next, another configuration of the optical mark will be described. In the case of a CD, an optical recording unit is usually not provided on the inner periphery of the TOC. A light transmitting portion 388 without an optical recording layer is provided in the region without the optical recording portion as shown in FIG. 131 (a). Then, the back side of the optical mark 387 can be seen from the optical head 6 side through the light transmitting portion 388. The optical mark 387 can be read by the optical head 6 by printing an optical mark such as a barcode on the recording medium side of the optical mark 387. This method has an effect that the optical sensor 386 can be omitted. As another method of reading, an optical sensor 386 can be provided on the optical head 6 side. In this case, since the optical sensor 386 can be provided on the fixed portion side in the upper-pile open / close-type CD player as shown in FIG. 131, there is an effect that wiring is simplified.

  The information of the optical mark 387 may be obtained by reading the reflected light from the optical head 6 or reading the transmitted light by the optical sensor 386. Also, by sharing the optical sensor 386 with a conventional optical sensor that detects the presence or absence of a CD, there is an effect of reducing the number of parts. Further, an optical mark can be formed at the time of manufacturing an optical recording film by intermittently providing an optical recording layer by vapor deposition of aluminum or the like and forming it in a circumferential bar code shape. In this case, there is an effect that the manufacturing process of the optical mark becomes unnecessary. Further, as shown in the CD manufacturing process diagram of FIGS. 131 (b) and 144 (a) and the CD top view of FIG. 145 (a), the magnetic material is magnetically applied in a single process when the magnetic recording layer 3 is manufactured. By coating the recording area 398, the print 45, and the optical mark 387 twice with the screen printing material 399, three films can be formed in one step. The printed surface of the CD is as shown in FIG. In particular, since the high Hc material is black, the contrast of the title print 45 is increased. By screen printing, the recording medium 2 of the present invention can be virtually imagined simply by changing the printing ink of the conventional CD production line to a high-Hc magnetic material ink, so the cost is almost the same as existing CDs and there is no capital investment Thus, there is a great effect that a CD with RAM can be obtained.

  As shown in FIG. 145 (a), Data “204312001” is read from the barcode 387a. By printing different data (by screen printer 399 for each disc), the ID No. Can be printed. Copy protection can be performed by recording a key unlocking program in the optical recording part or magnetic recording part of a CD using this. When the CD copy prevention screen printer 399 cannot change the printing contents for each sheet, the circumferential barcode printer 400 performs the process described in FIG. 144 (a) as shown in FIG. 144 (b). A bar code 387a and, optionally, a number 387b indicating the disk ID are printed. In this case, normal ink may be used, and the printing surface is as shown in FIG. In this case, the user visually confirms the disc ID NO. There is an effect that can be read. In addition, as shown in FIG. 145 (c), an ID No. No. 387b is printed, so that the disk ID No. Can be confirmed. There is an effect. Further, as indicated by the dotted line on the right side of FIG. 144 (a), the second printing machine 399a provides a high Hc magnetic recording area 401 having a higher Hc than the magnetic recording unit 398 such as 4000 Oe. This area can be reproduced by a normal recording / reproducing apparatus, but cannot be recorded. For this reason, the disc ID No. Record the encryption. Then, since a special process is required, there is an effect that duplication by illegal traders becomes more difficult. In addition, as shown in FIG. 146 (a), a space 402a is provided in the optical disc 2 and magnetic powder 402 such as iron powder is placed therein, and a magnetic part 403 having Hc such as iron is provided in the upper part. Then, when it is not magnetized, the magnetic powder 402 is not attracted to the magnetic part 403 as shown in FIG. However, when magnetized by a multi-channel magnetic head, the magnetic powder 402 is attracted and no characters appear as shown in FIG. 146 (b). When the OCR character described in FIG. 145 (c) is recorded, the user can visually recognize the OCR character from the direction of the arrow 51a. On the other hand, the magnetic head 8 has the ID No. of the magnetic part 403. It is possible to read magnetic recording information such as. When this method is used, it is not necessary to print by changing the ID for each sheet in the disk process. At the factory, the ID No. Since it is only necessary to magnetically record such data for each sheet, there is an effect that a conventional process can be used and a new capital investment becomes unnecessary.

  As shown in the lower right diagram in FIG. 98, the magnetic recording layer 3 is provided on the outer peripheral portion on the transparent substrate 5 side and the method for recording the tamper-proof copy signal at the factory can use a conventional CD-ROM caddy. There is an effect that compatibility can be taken. In the case of an MD read-only disk, the present invention can be applied to a single-sided window shutter by providing a magnetic layer on the transparent substrate side.

  Now, this ID No. Describes the anti-duplication method using, and the key release method for each software. First, assume that the CD contains 100 logically locked programs. The user sends the ID No. to the software production company. And pay the fee from the company. Corresponding to the key No. Get notified. The key No. for this tenth program. Is recorded on the magnetic recording unit TOC of the CD. Then, when the 10th program of this CD is reproduced next time, the key information recorded in the magnetic recording layer and the ID No. recorded in the optical mark portion are recorded. Is input to the use permission program, the use of the program is permitted if the key is correct, and the program can be used without a procedure each time. In the case of a conventional CD or CD-ROM, the ID No. However, in the case of the present invention, if the key is input once, the program can be used without inputting the key. Furthermore, ID No. Cannot be rewritten and is different for each disk. Therefore, even if key information of a certain personal disk is input to another personal disk, the key is not released. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the use of the CD-ROM software without paying the software fee.

  Next, in the case of a portable CD player, a method of providing an upper lid 389 that opens and closes up and down as shown in FIG. In the present invention, when the upper lid 389 is opened and closed, the magnetic head 8 and the magnetic head traverse shaft 363 b are opened and closed in conjunction with the upper lid 389. When the upper lid 389 is in the “open” state, the magnetic head 8 is separated from the recording medium 2 together with the upper lid 389 as shown in FIG. When the upper cover 389 is in the “closed” state, the upper cover 389 is closed, and the magnetic head 8 and the magnetic head traverse shaft 363b come closer to the vicinity of the recording medium 2. The magnetic head 8 comes into contact with the recording medium 2 only when magnetic recording / reproduction is required by the head actuator 22.

  The optical head 6 is tracked by a traverse actuator 23, a traverse gear 367b, and a traverse shaft 363a. At this time, the driving force is transmitted to the traverse gear 367c by the traverse gear 367a, and the magnetic head traverse shaft 367b moves in the direction of the arrow 51. Since the magnetic head 8 moves in the same direction by the same distance in conjunction with the optical head 6, the optical head 6 and the magnetic head 8 are aligned as described above when the upper cover 389 is closed. In this case, the optical head 6 and the magnetic head 8 access a predetermined magnetic track on the back side of the preset optical track.

  Thus, by moving the magnetic head 8 and the magnetic head traverse in conjunction with the upper lid 389, the present invention can be applied to the CD player of the upper pig open / close type, and the entire player can be reduced in size and weight. effective.

Next, a cartridge for storing the CD-ROM of the reference invention will be described. First, FIG. 133 shows a perspective view of the optical disk cartridge of the present invention. Now, a conventional CD-ROM cartridge will be described with reference to FIG. A conventional CD-ROM cartridge has a cassette lid 397 that rotates in the direction of an arrow 51c about a rotation shaft 39 in order to take out a recording medium 2 such as a CD-ROM, and at the same time, a window on the optical recording surface side on the back side of the figure. There is a shutter 301 for the optical recording surface.

In the case of the cartridge used in the reference invention , a magnetic surface shutter 391 is added to the cassette lid 390. When the shutter 392 of the optical recording surface is opened in the arrow 51a direction and connecting portion 392 together with the open windows of the optical recording portion, the magnetic surface shutter over 391 slides in the direction of arrow 51a, the magnetic recording surface of the recording medium 2 A window opens. Thus, by using the disk cassette 42 of the present invention, the CD can be attached and detached, and at the same time, the windows on both sides of the magnetic recording surface and the optical recording surface can be opened and closed, so that the optical recording reproduction and magnetic recording reproduction of the reference invention can be performed simultaneously. effective. In addition, there is an effect that it is completely compatible with a conventional single-side window type CD-ROM cartridge for optical recording and reproduction.

(Example 15 (reference example) )
In the previous Examples 1, 2, and 3, the example in which the auxiliary magnetic recording layer 3 is provided on one side of the recording medium 2 in the cartridge 42 has been described.

  Example 15 shows a case where the magnetic recording layer 3 is provided on the outer surface of the cartridge 42 of the disk 2. 136 shows a block diagram of the entire recording / reproducing apparatus of the fifteenth embodiment. FIGS. 137a, b, c and 138a, b, c show the recording / reproducing states when the cartridge of the fifteenth embodiment is inserted, fixed, and ejected, respectively. Indicates. FIGS. 139a, b, and c show cross-sectional views of FIGS. 137a, b, and c.

  FIG. 136 shows an overall block diagram. The basic configuration and principle of the optical recording / reproducing unit and the magnetic recording / reproducing unit are the same as the configuration in which the noise canceller of the magnetic recording / reproducing unit is removed from the block diagram of FIG. 87 and the block diagram of FIG. Omitted.

  The recording / reproducing apparatus 1 of FIG. 136 has an insertion port 394 for the cartridge 42 of the disc, and FIG.

  137 and 138 are perspective views when the cartridge is inserted and removed, and FIG. 139 is a cross-sectional view of the magnetic head when the cassette is inserted.

  As shown in FIG. 137 (a), when the cartridge 42 is inserted into the recording / reproducing apparatus 1, first, the optical sensor 386 displays an optical mark 387 such as a barcode provided on a part of the label portion 396 by the optical sensor 386. The data is read out by the optical reproduction circuit 38 in FIG. 136 and the synchronous clock signal is reproduced by the clock reproduction circuit 389. The reproduction data is sent to the system control unit 10, and if it is determined that the magnetic recording layer 3 is present, a head lifting command is sent and the head actuator 21 causes the head lifting unit 20 to move the magnetic heads 8 a and 8 b to the magnetic recording layer 3. Move in the direction of. Thus, the data of the magnetic recording layer 3 is stored in the magnetic head 8a. 8b and demodulated into data by the demodulators 341a and 341b of the first and second magnetic reproducing circuits 30a and 30b. At this time, by using the synchronous clock signal regenerated by the clock regenerating circuit 38a based on the signal of the optical mark portion 387, it is possible to reliably demodulate even if the traveling speed fluctuates. For this reason, even if the cartridge 42 is inserted by hand and the traveling speed at the time of insertion fluctuates greatly, there is an effect that the data recorded on the magnetic recording layer 3 can be surely read. Further, by recording identification information such as cartridge ID numbers and software title names on the optical mark 387, data management can be performed for each cassette.

  In this case, one magnetic head 8 is sufficient. However, when the same data is recorded and reproduced twice with two magnetic heads as shown in FIG. 136, the reliability of data reading increases. A combining circuit 397 combines data 1 and data 2 with no error, creates complete data without error, reproduces data including index information such as TOC data, and stores it in the IC memory 34. The TOC data includes the previous directory of the cartridge 42, information of the recording / reproducing process and the result. Therefore, when the cartridge 42 is inserted, the contents and progress of the optical disk are known.

  As shown in FIG. 137 (b), magnetic recording / reproduction is arbitrarily performed while the cartridge 42 is mounted therein, and new information is added or recorded information is deleted. . In this case, the contents of the TOC must be changed each time. In the case of the present invention, the TOC data of the IC memory 34 is not rewritten without rewriting the data of the magnetic recording layer 3 as described in many previous embodiments. Rewrite. Thus, the new TOC data in the IC memory 34 and the old TOC data in the magnetic recording layer 3 have different data contents. As shown in FIG. 137 (c), when the cartridge 42 is taken out, the data in the magnetic recording layer is updated by the magnetic head 8b. The written data is immediately reproduced and verified by the magnetic head 8b.

  In this case, when the number of tracks of the magnetic recording layer 3 is one, no contrivance is required. However, when there are many tracks, for example, three tracks, mistakes at the time of recording are reduced by rewriting the data of only the track in which the TOC data needs to be rewritten, for example, the second track. In this case, as shown in FIG. 137 (C), only the third track is recorded by the magnetic head 8b when the cartridge 42 is taken out.

  This is completed for one head. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 137, in the case of two heads, the signal 68 recorded by the magnetic head 8a is read simultaneously and an error check is performed. As shown in FIG. 139C, the magnetic signal 68a recorded by the magnetic head 8b can be verified by the magnetic head 8a. If there is an error, the magnetic recording / reproducing apparatus 1 issues an error message on the display 16 and displays a message "Please insert the cassette into the main unit again." At the same time, the operator is instructed to insert the cartridge 42 into the insertion portion 394 again. When it is inserted again, the TOC data is recorded once again when it is ejected, so the second time can be recorded without error with a fairly high probability. If this is repeated many times, it is determined that the magnetic recording layer 3 of the cartridge 42 has been destroyed, the ID No. of the optical mark 387 is recorded, and when the cartridge 42 of that ID No. is inserted again, A command to lower the magnetic head 8 is not issued and magnetic data is not read. The ID No. data is backed up and saved in the IC memory 34. Thus, the TOC data can be reliably recorded and reproduced on the cartridge 42 of each disk. According to the present invention, it is possible to detect the table of contents of the disc when the disc cartridge is inserted with the addition of a few parts. Since only the magnetic label needs to be attached on the media side, the effect that it can be added to the conventional cartridge 42 is realized at low cost.

(Example 16 (reference example) )
In the sixteenth embodiment, the disk cartridge described in the fifteenth embodiment is changed to a tape cartridge.

Specifically, the magnetic recording layer having the protective layer 50 described in FIG. 103 of the reference invention on the upper surface of the cartridge 42 of the magnetic recording / reproducing apparatus 1 having a rotary head type magnetic head or a fixed magnetic head of VTR, DAT or DCC. 3 is attached.

  FIG. 140 shows an overall block diagram. Since the basic configuration and principle are the same as those in FIG. 136, the description of the overlapping parts is omitted.

  140 has an insertion port 394 for the cartridge 42 of the cassette of the VTR, and FIG. 140 shows a process in which the cassette 42 is being inserted in the direction of the arrow 51. 141 and 142 are perspective views when the cassette is inserted and removed, and FIG. 143 shows a cross-sectional view of the magnetic head portion when the cassette is inserted.

  As shown in FIG. 142 (a), when the cartridge 42 is inserted into the VTR, first, an optical mark 387 on which information such as a barcode provided on a part of the label portion 396 and a synchronization signal are recorded by the optical sensor 386. Is read by the optical sensor 386, the data is recovered by the optical recovery circuit 38 of FIG. 140, and the synchronous clock signal is recovered by the clock recovery circuit 389. The reproduction data is sent to the system control unit 10. If it is determined that the magnetic recording layer 3 is present, a head lift command is sent, and the head actuator 21 causes the head lift unit 20 to move the magnetic heads 8a and 8b to the magnetic recording layer. 3 is touched. Thus, the data recorded on the magnetic recording layer 3 is stored in the magnetic head 8a. The original data is demodulated by the demodulators 341a and 341b of the first and second magnetic reproducing circuits 30a and 30b. At this time, by using the synchronous clock signal of the clock recovery circuit 38a at the time of demodulation, the traveling speed can be reliably demodulated even if the traveling speed fluctuates, so that the traveling speed at the time of insertion is greatly increased by inserting the cartridge 42. Even if it fluctuates, there is an effect that the data of the magnetic recording layer can surely be read. Further, by recording index information such as an ID No. and software title on the optical mark 387, management by cassette can be performed.

  In this case, one magnetic head 8 basically operates, but the reliability of data reading is improved by reproducing the same data twice with two magnetic heads. The synthesizing circuit 397 synthesizes the error-free portions of data 1 and data 2 to create complete data without error, and this reproduction data including TOC data is stored in the IC memory 34. The TOC data includes the absolute address of the cartridge 42 at the previous end and the absolute addresses of the start and end of each song or segment. Therefore, the current absolute address of the tape at the time when the cartridge 42 is inserted when the magnetic data is reproduced can be known. Therefore, the contents of the absolute address counter 398 of the system control unit 10 are rewritten by this absolute address information.

  Here, let's take the case where music is contained on the tape as an example.

  For example, it can be seen that the current address is 1 minute 32 seconds of the eighth song and the current absolute address is 62 minutes 12 seconds. If you want to access the location of 42:26 at the absolute address of the 6th song, rewind the tape while referring to the data of the absolute address detection head 399 by the amount of the absolute address of 19:46. Cueing can be performed at high speed. In this case, since it is known in advance how much the tape should be rewound, the access speed can be greatly increased compared with the conventional method by accelerating and decelerating at the highest rewinding speed. A list of TOC information can be displayed instantly when a tape is inserted. For this reason, the tape recorder can be intelligentized for VTR, DAT, and DCC. As shown in FIG. 141 (b), while the cartridge 42 is mounted, magnetic recording / reproduction is performed arbitrarily, so that a new song is added or a recorded song is deleted. To do. In this case, the contents of the TOC must be changed each time, but in the case of the present invention, the data of the magnetic recording layer 3 is not rewritten and the TOC of the IC memory 34 is rewritten as described in many previous embodiments. Rewrite only the data. Thus, the new TOC data in the IC memory 34 is different from the old TOC data in the magnetic recording layer 3.

  In this case, when the number of tracks of the magnetic recording layer 3 is one, no contrivance is required. However, when there are many tracks, for example, three tracks, mistakes at the time of recording are reduced by rewriting the data of only the track in which the TOC data needs to be rewritten, for example, the second track. In this case, as shown in FIG. 137 (C), only the third track is recorded by the magnetic head 8b when the cartridge 42 is taken out.

  This is completed for one head. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 137, in the case of two heads, the signal 68 recorded by the magnetic head 8a is read simultaneously and an error check is performed. As shown in FIG. 139C, the magnetic signal 68a recorded by the magnetic head 8b can be verified by the magnetic head 8a. If there is an error, the magnetic recording / reproducing apparatus 1 issues an error message on the display 16 and displays a message "Please insert the cassette into the main unit again." At the same time, the operator is instructed to insert the cartridge 42 into the insertion portion 394 again. When it is inserted again, the TOC data is recorded once again when it is ejected, so the second time can be recorded without error with a fairly high probability. If this is repeated many times, it is determined that the magnetic recording layer 3 of the cartridge 42 has been destroyed, the ID No. of the optical mark 387 is recorded, and when the cartridge 42 of that ID No. is inserted again, A command to lower the magnetic head 8 is not issued and magnetic data is not read. This ID No. tape is stored in the IC memory 34 while being backed up. Thus, TOC data can be reliably recorded and reproduced for each cartridge 42 of the VTR tape. In the case of DAT, VTR, DCC, etc., TOC data cannot be accessed instantaneously because of tape media. For this reason, there is a problem that the contents list cannot be displayed or the current song number is not known at the time of insertion. However, the present invention realizes a TOC function that does not require a small additional access time for parts. Since it is only necessary to attach a magnetic label to the tape cartridge side, it can be added to the existing tape cartridge 42 and, at the same time, the above-described effects can be realized at low cost.

( Example of the present invention )
A method for preventing unauthorized copying of a program from a CD, CD-ROM or CD-ROM illegally copied to a regular number of personal computers or more in this embodiment will be described.

  First, a method for unlocking a specific program on an optical disc such as a CD-ROM on which a large number of programs each having a key such as Password are recorded will be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 147, since this CD employs the disc copy prevention method according to the reproducing apparatus of the present invention, the CD cannot be duplicated. Further, the optical mark portion 387 of the CD has an ID No. different for each disc. Is recorded. This data is read by the optical sensor 386 including the light emitting unit 386a and the light receiving unit 386b, for example, "204312001", and the Disk ID No. of the key management table 404 in the CPU memory is read. Put in (OPT). Normally, this method is acceptable, but the optical mark may be copied to the printing press by an unauthorized copy supplier. In order to further enhance the anti-duplication effect, as described above, a high Hc portion 401 having a very high Hc such as 4000 Oe made of barium ferrite is provided. (Mag) Data “205162” is magnetically recorded. Since this data can be reproduced by a normal magnetic head, the disk ID No. of the key management table 404 can be reproduced. It is put in the item of (Mag).

  As shown in the ID number process diagram of FIG. 241 (a), by using the magnetizer 540 shown in FIG. 242, the process of recording the ID number on the medium 2 takes less than 1 second. This magnetizer 540 has a ring shape as shown in FIGS. 242 (a) and 242b and has a plurality of magnetized magnetic poles 542a to 542f as shown in FIGS. 242 (c) and (d). It has been. Since an arbitrary current flows through the coils 545a to 545f by the current direction switch 544, an arbitrary magnetization direction can be obtained from the magnetizing current generator 543.

  FIG. 242 (d) shows a case where the magnetization directions of the S, N, S, S, N, and S poles are set from the left. In this case, magnetic recording signals in the directions of arrows 51a, 51b, 51c, and 51d are recorded on the magnetic recording layer 3 in an instant. Recording is possible even with a magnetic material having a high Hc of 4000 Oe. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 241 (a), it is possible to produce a CD in which an ID is recorded in the same time as in the conventional process diagram 241 (b).

  In the method of magnetically recording the ID number while rotating the medium 2 using the magnetic head, it takes several seconds including the start of rotation of the medium, rotation of several rotations, and rotation stop. Therefore, there has been a problem that it is difficult to introduce the process without changing the flow of the process into a mass production process of a CD that allows only a process time of about 1 second.

  As shown in the ID number process diagram of FIG. 241 (a), the use of the magnetizer 540 shown in FIG. Is more suitable. The recording operation of the magnetizer 540 will be described. A ring shape as shown in FIGS. 242 (a) and (b) has a plurality of magnetized magnetic poles 542a to 542f as shown in FIGS. 242 (c) and (d). 545a-f are wound. Since an arbitrary current flows through the coils 545a to 545f by the current direction switch 544, an arbitrary magnetization direction can be obtained from the magnetizing current generator 543. FIG. 242 (d) shows a case where the magnetization directions of the S, N, S, S, N, and S poles are set from the left. In this case, the magnetic recording layer 3 records magnetic recording signals in the directions of arrows 51a, 51b, 51c, and 51d on a specific track in an instant, for example, several ms. In the case of a magnetizer, since a large current can be passed, recording is possible even with a magnetic material of 4000 Oe and high Hc. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 241 (a), the ID can be recorded in the same work time as the other steps of the conventional process diagram of FIG. 241 (b), so that a CD can be produced without changing the process flow at all. . In addition, when the magnetizer 540 is used, the ID number can be magnetically recorded without rotating the medium 2, so that the throughput of the process can be reduced and the medium is not rotated. Therefore, the process diagram of FIG. As shown, even if printing is performed in the printing process after recording the ID number, there is an effect that printing can be accurately performed at a predetermined angle.

  At present, a magnetic head capable of recording on a magnetic recording layer having an Hc of about 2700 Oe is commercially available. For this reason, the subject that ID number is falsified when Hc is low can be assumed. In order to solve this problem, the magnetizer 540 of the present invention generates a strong magnetic field, so that the ID number can be recorded even in the magnetic recording layer 3 having a high Hc such as Hc = 4000 Oe. When an ID number is recorded using the magnetic recording layer 3 having a high Hc as a specific track, the ID number of this medium cannot be rewritten, that is, cannot be tampered with by the magnetic head 8 that can be normally obtained. There is an effect that security can be improved.

  Further, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 243, the data of the physical arrangement table 532 of the disk and the signal of the generator 546 having a unique ID number are mixed by the mixer 547 so that it is difficult to separate without the separation key. The signal is sent to the encryptor 537 together with the separation key 548 to be encrypted 538 and recorded on the magnetic recording track 67 after the forming process, or recorded on the optical recording track 65 in the master recording process. On the recording / reproducing apparatus 1 side, the encryption is decrypted by the encryption decoder 543, the ID number 550 and the physical arrangement table 532 of the disk are separated by the separation key in the separator 549 by the separation key, and illegal as described in FIGS. 238 and 240 Check the illegal disk by the disk check method and stop the operation of the illegal disk.

  In the case of the method shown in FIG. 243, the cipher 538 recorded on the magnetic recording track 67 is encrypted one by one because the mixed signal of the ID number and the disk physical arrangement table is encrypted by the unique ID number generator 546. Every disc is different. As a matter of course, since this disc uses the illegal duplication prevention method according to the reproducing apparatus of the present invention, an illegal duplicator cannot illegally duplicate the optical recording portion of the CD. For this reason, the unauthorized user can only use the ID number by falsifying the ID number. Unauthorized use can be made by finding a disk of the same master as the disk whose password is known and recording the same encryption code in the magnetic recording unit. When the encryption of the disk physical arrangement table and the ID number encryption are separately recorded, the same physical arrangement table encryption is recorded on the magnetic recording layer of all disks of the same master disk, and the disk of the same master disk is read by reading this encryption code. Therefore, there is a problem that it is illegally used by rewriting the encryption of the ID number with the encryption of the ID number whose password is known. However, in the method of FIG. 243, since there are a plurality of different masters for each disk, and the encryption is completely different for each disk, it can be seen that the two disks are the same master. It cannot be confirmed by just doing it. There is no choice but to read the information in the disk physical arrangement table 532 of the disk over the entire area for one sheet and check whether or not they are the same master. In order to check all the data of address, angle, tracking, pit depth and error rate, a large-scale device is required and confirmation time is also required. Therefore, it becomes difficult for an illegal duplicator to find a disc of the same master as a disc such as a CD whose password is known, so that it is difficult for the illegal duplicator to falsify the ID number.

  Here, a specific procedure will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. In step 405, program no. When N activation instructions are received, it is read at step 405a whether the program key information is recorded on the magnetic track. At this time, a recording current is passed through the magnetic head to erase this data. If it is a regular disc, the key information cannot be erased because Hc is high. If it is an unauthorized disk, the key information is lost because Hc is low. Next, in step 405b, it is checked whether or not there is key data, that is, Password. If No, step 405c informs the user of a key input command as shown in the screen diagram of FIG. 170. If it is “No”, it is stopped at Step 405f, and “No key is correct or it is a duplicate disk” is displayed on the screen. If Yes, the program proceeds to Step 405g. The key data for opening N is recorded on the magnetic track of the recording medium 2, and the flow goes to Step 405i.

  Returning to step 405b, if Yes, in step 405h the program No. The key data of N is read, the disk ID (OPT) of the optical recording layer is read in step 405i, the disk ID (Mag) recorded in the magnetic recording layer is read in step 405j, and it is checked whether it is correct in step 405k. In the case of No, in step 405m, “Duplicate disk” is displayed and stopped. If Yes, in step 405n, the decryption operation is performed on the key data, the disk ID (OPT), and the disk ID (Mag) to check whether the data is correct. In step 405p, a check is made. If No, an error is displayed in step 405q. Start using N.

  If this method of the present invention is used, 120 CDs of music compressed to 1/5 are inserted for a CD, and hundreds of titles are inserted for game software so that the CD can be listened to for 12 songs or 1 game first. It can be sold at a price commensurate with the copyright fee for 12 songs or 1 game. Then, when the user pays a fee later, the software supplier can obtain the ID No. of the disc. As shown in FIG. 147, software such as an additional song or an additional game can be used. In this case, by adopting the audio expansion block 407, in the case of a CD, it takes 370 minutes, which is 5 times longer, so it is possible to store up to 120 music software on one CD, from which you can listen to your favorite music by releasing the key be able to. If the key is released once, the key data is recorded, so that it is not necessary to insert the key every time. In addition to music CDs and game CDs, the same effect can be obtained when used for an electronic dictionary or a photo CD general program. Further, in order to reduce the cost, the ID No. May be omitted.

  Next, a method for preventing duplication of the CD itself will be described. Currently, CDs are illegally copied in various forms, and there is a need for a method for preventing the copying. Unauthorized duplication cannot be prevented with software such as encryption alone. In the present invention, a method for preventing duplication using a pit arrangement of CD and an encryption method will be described.

  As shown in the block diagram of the mastering device in FIG. 234, a mastering device 529 for creating a master disc of a CLV type optical disc such as a CD has a linear velocity control unit 26a. In the case of a CD, 1.2 m / s to 1.4 m / s A latent image of a pit is recorded by exposure with a light beam on the photosensitive member on the disk 2 by the optical head 6 while maintaining a linear velocity within the range of s. In the case of a CD, the radius r is increased at a pitch of about 1.6 μm per rotation by the tracking circuit 24, so that the pits are recorded in a spiral shape. Thus, as shown in FIG. 236 (a), the data is recorded on the master in a spiral. In the case of a CAV optical disk such as Videodisk, an original disk can be reproduced and a master disk can be created by completely linking this rotation and rotation control. Therefore, when a third party obtains the master data 528, an optical disc master having exactly the same pit pattern as a CAV optical disc manufactured in a regular manner can be easily created by the mastering device 529. In the case of CAV, the difference in the bit pattern between the master disk that has been properly manufactured and the master disk that has been illegally manufactured is within a few μm. For this reason, it is impossible to distinguish between an optical disk that has been properly created by a conventional method and an optical disk that has been illegally created from the physical arrangement of pit patterns.

On the other hand, in the case of a CLV optical disc such as a CD-ROM, recording is performed on a master on a spiral at a constant linear velocity set at the beginning within a range of 1.2 to 1.4 m / s. In the case of CAV, the number of data recorded in one cycle is always constant. In the case of CLV, the number of data in one cycle changes by changing the linear velocity. When the linear velocity is low, the data arrangement 530a is as shown in FIG. 236 (a), and when the linear velocity is high, the data arrangement 530b is as shown in FIG. 236 (b). Thus, it can be seen that the data arrangement 530 differs between a regular CD and an illegally copied CD in a normal mastering apparatus. In general, a mastering device for CD that is commercially available can set the linear velocity with a high accuracy of 0.001 m / s. The master is created at a constant linear velocity, but even if a 74-minute CD master is created at a linear speed of 1.2 m / s with this high accuracy, the error is shifted to the plus side on the outermost track. An error of 11.783 laps can be made. That is, a master having a data arrangement 530b having an angle error of 11.783 rounds × 360 degrees on the outermost periphery as compared with the ideal master is obtained. Thus FIG. 236 (a) the address of the data arrangement 530 i.e. each of A ₁ ~A ₂₆ 323a~x as in FIG. 236 (b) is different from the CD legitimate CD and illegally duplicated. For example, when the arrangement zone 531 of Z _{1 to} Z ₄ is defined by dividing into _four , the arrangement zone 531 of the address 323 of A _{1 to} A ₂₆ is different. Accordingly, when the correspondence table between the two CD placement zones 531 and the addresses 323, that is, the physical position table 532, is created, as shown in FIGS. 236 (a) and 236 (b), the physical position tables 532a and 532 It can be seen that the regular CD and the illegally copied CD are different. This difference can be used to discriminate between illegally duplicated CDs and legitimate CDs.

  However, even if a CD that is hard to be physically duplicated is simply produced, the effect is weak if the method for verifying that a regular CD is legitimate is easily altered. As shown in FIG. 238, in the present invention, the physical position table 532 is created during or after the master production of the CD. The physical arrangement table 532 is encrypted by the encryption means 537 using a one-way function such as an RSA public encryption key method and recorded on the optical ROM unit 65 of the CD medium 2 or the magnetic recording track 67 of the CD medium 2a. To do.

  Next, on the drive side, the encryption signal 538b is reproduced from the CD medium 2 or 2a, and the physical arrangement table 532 is restored using the decryption program 534 reproduced from the optical recording unit of the CD. Similarly, using the disk check program 533a reproduced from the CD, the disk rotation angle information 335 corresponding to the address 38a of the actual CD is obtained from the rotation pulse signal or index from the above FG, collated with the data in the physical arrangement table 532, and OK. If it is NO, it is determined to be an illegally duplicated CD, and if it is NO, the operation of the software program and the reproduction of the music software are stopped. The illegally copied CD shown in FIG. 236 (b) is rejected because the physical position table 532b is different from the regular one. An illegally copied CD will not operate unless the encryption encoding program 537 can decrypt it. Therefore, even if the encrypted signal is copied, it is rejected. Thus, there is a great effect that the reproduction of the illegally copied CD can be prevented almost completely.

  If an illegal duplicator can take measures against the CD drive of the present invention, the following three can be considered.

  1. Create a master disc of CLV disc with exactly the same pit pattern. 2. The secrefkey encryption encoding program in FIG. 238 is decrypted by the encryption decoding program 534. 3. All the programs in the CD-ROM are analyzed, and the encryption decoding program 534 and the disk check program 533a are replaced by program modification. Of the above, the third method is meaningless because it takes time to decode the program and remodel the program, that is, a high cost, and the benefits of CD duplication are reduced. In the case of the present invention, since the encryption decoding program 534 and the disk check program 533a are provided not on the drive side but on the media side, they can be changed for each CD-ROM title or press. Therefore, since the title of investment for program decryption and decryption is required for each title, the profitability of the illegal duplicator is deteriorated and the effect of economically preventing the duplication is obtained.

Next, the second method uses a one-way function like a public encryption key method such as the RSA method as shown in FIG. 238 in the present invention. For example, it is possible to use an arithmetic expression C = E (M) = M e mod n. For this reason, even if one of the keys is made public on the CD-ROM, the decryption of the encryption encoding program 537 of the other key takes, for example, 1 billion years, so that it is not decrypted. However, the information of the encryption encoding program 537 may be leaked. However, in the method of FIG. 238, the encryption decoding program 534 is on the media side instead of the drive side. Therefore, even if it leaks, there is an effect that it is possible to easily recover the copy prevention again by changing both of the encryption program pairs at the time of the leak.

  Finally, the first method of creating a CLV master with exactly the same pit pattern is that the current CLV mastering device 529 outputs a 1-pulse rotation signal per rotation, but detects and controls the rotation angle with high accuracy. It is difficult because there is no mechanism to do it. However, by reading the rotation angle information and the recording signal of the copy source CD and synchronizing the rotation pulse at the time of the copy, it is possible to draw a similar pit pattern with a certain degree of positional accuracy, although not accurate. However, this is true only when the copy source CD is recorded at the same linear velocity.

  In the mastering device 529 of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 234, a CLV modulation signal is generated from the CLV modulation signal generation unit 10a and is sent to the linear velocity modulation unit 26a in some cases. 37a is sent and CLV modulation is applied. A linear velocity modulation unit 26a is provided, and as shown in FIG. 235 (a), the linear velocity is randomly modulated from 1.2 m / s to 1.4 m / s within the range of the CD standard. The same can be realized even when the signal is modulated by the time-axis modulation unit 37a with the linear velocity kept constant. In this case, it is not necessary to modify the device. It is difficult to detect this linear velocity modulation from the copy source CD with high accuracy. Since the recording is performed without random control, even the mastering device that made the master cannot be copied. Each time it becomes a different master. Therefore, it is almost impossible to completely duplicate a CD including the linear velocity modulation of the present invention. However, since the standard range of the linear velocity of the CD is 1.2 to 1.4 m / s, data is normally reproduced on a normal CD-ROM player that is currently on the market.

Next, FIG. 235 endpoint A ₁ the starting point of the case of recording a specific optical track 65a of the same data at a linear velocity of constant 1.2 m / a which has finished recording data when the S as (b) is 360 Let's assume the case where it is at the position of °. In this case, as shown in FIG 235 (c), when increased speed uniformly from 1.2 m / s to 1.4 m / s in one revolution, the physical position 539a of the address A ₃ to 30 DEG physical position 539b come. When the speed is increased by a half rotation, the physical position 539c is shifted by 45 °. In other words, the position can be changed up to 45 ° in one round. Since a normal CLV mastering device generates a rotation pulse only once per round, this error is accumulated until two rotations occur, resulting in a 90 ° position shift. In the future, even if an unauthorized copy trader performs rotation control, a 90 ° misalignment occurs between the regular master disk and the unauthorized copy master disk due to the linear velocity modulation of the present invention. By detecting this misalignment, an illegally copied CD can be detected. It can be seen that the positional deviation detection resolution may be 90 degrees or less. Therefore, when the linear velocity is changed in the range of 1.2 to 1.4 m / s, as shown in FIGS. 236 (a) and (b), at least four 90 ° of Z ₁ , Z ₂ , Z ₃ and Z ₄ are used. If a divided zone is set, an illegal CD can be detected. It can be said that there is an effect for angle division of four or more divisions.

  Of course, if a mastering device for CLV with very high accuracy is newly developed, an illegal duplicator can create exactly the same bit pattern. However, such a device can be developed only by a few companies in the world, and is a function that is not necessary for normal use. By limiting the shipment of such a mastering device for copyright protection, unauthorized copying is completely prevented.

Next, in the mastering apparatus with the rotation angle sensor 17a shown in FIG. 234, the physical position table 532 is created from the address information 32a of the input data and the position information 32b of the rotation angle from the motor 17, and is encrypted by the encryption encoder 537, Recording is performed on the outer peripheral portion of the master 2 by the recording circuit 37. As a result, the physical arrangement table 532 encrypted on the optical track 65 of the disk 2 in FIG. 238 can be recorded when the master is created. Therefore, this disk can be reproduced by a normal CD-ROM drive without a magnetic head. In this case, however, it is necessary to provide a disk rotation angle sensor 335 in the drive as shown in FIGS. Since this detection means is only required to detect the 90 ° zone at the relative position of the address 323, it is not always necessary to use a complicated sensor such as an angle sensor. FIG. 237 describes the relative position detection method. For example, as shown in FIG. 237 (a), the rotation pulse of the motor and the index signal of the optical sensor are generated once per fixed rotation of the disk. By dividing this interval as shown in FIG. 237 (b), signal position time slots Z _{1 to} Z ₆ are determined in the case of a 6-division zone. On the other hand, the address signals 323a and 323b are obtained from the subcode of the reproduction signal as described above. It can be detected from the signal position signal that the address A ₁ is in the zone Z ₁ and the address A ₂ is in the zone Z ₃ .

  In this case, if a rotation signal or a Zone signal is recorded in the subcode, the configuration is surely simple. Therefore, the method of providing a means for detecting the rotation angle in addition to the optical recording unit as in the present invention has a high anti-duplication effect.

  Returning to FIG. 239, the recording / reproducing apparatus 1 reproduces the signal by the optical reproducing circuit 38, and if the optical track has the physical arrangement table 532, the process proceeds from step 471b to steps 471d and 471e in the flowchart of FIG. If step 471b is No, it is checked in step 471c whether there is encrypted data in the magnetic recording unit 67, and if it is No, the process proceeds to step 471r to allow activation. If Yes, the process proceeds to Steps 471d and 471e, where the encrypted data is reproduced and the decryption program of the decryption decoder 534 recorded in the ROM or disk of the drive is activated to decrypt the encryption. In Step 471f, the physical arrangement table 532, that is, An: Zn Create a zone address mapping table. In step 471w, it is checked whether there is a disk check program in the medium. If No, the process proceeds to step 471p. If Yes, the disk check program recorded in the disk is started in step 471g. In the disk check program in step 471f, first, n = 0 is set in step 471h, n = n + 1 is set in step 471i, and the address An of the disk 2 is searched and reproduced on the drive side in step 471j. In step 471k, the address position detecting means 335 detects the position information Z'n and outputs it. In step 471m, Z'n = Zn is checked. If NO, it is determined in step 471u that the copy is illegal copy CD, "illegal copy CD" is displayed on the display unit 16, and STOP is executed in step 471s. If step 471m is Yes, n = last is checked in step 471n. If No, the process returns to step 471i, and if Yes, the process proceeds to step 471p. In step 471p, it is checked whether there is a disk check program in the ROM or RAM on the drive side. If No, the software is started in step 471r. In the case of Yes, the disk check program is run in step 471q. This content is exactly the same as in step 471t. In the case of No, the process proceeds to steps 471u and 471s. In the case of Yes, reproduction of software in the disc is started in step 471r.

  In a currently produced CD player, when a disc whose linear velocity is changed between 1.2 and 1.4 m / s is reproduced, the original signal can be reproduced without any problem. On the other hand, the mastering device can perform cutting with a fairly strict linear velocity accuracy of 0.001 m / s or more. Therefore, a CD standard of linear velocity = ± 0.01 m / s is provided as a standard for the mastering apparatus. When this CD standard is observed, the linear velocity can be increased from 1.20 m / s to 1.22 m / s, for example, as shown in FIGS. 244 (a) (b). In this case, as shown in FIGS. 244 (c) and 244 (d), the physical arrangement at the same address angle is shifted from 539a to 539b by an angle of 5.9 degrees per disk rotation. As shown in FIG. 246, if a rotation angle sensor 335 for detecting this 5.9 degree angle shift is provided on the recording / reproducing apparatus side, the difference in physical arrangement can be discriminated. In the case of a CD, a rotation angle sensor 335 that divides the angle into 6 ° resolution, that is, 1/60 or more of a rotation may be provided.

  The configuration of the rotation angle sensor 553 is shown in the block diagram of the recording / reproducing apparatus in FIG. The pulse output from the rotation angle sensor 17a such as the FG of the motor 17 is time-divided by the time division circuit 553a in the angular position detection unit 553 in the disk physical arrangement detection unit 556, thereby rotating once per rotation. Even when only a pulse signal can be obtained, for example, when a time accuracy of ± 5% is obtained, an angle resolution of about 18 ° can be obtained because 20 divisions are possible. This operation has been described with reference to FIGS. 237 (a), (b), and (c). In the case of CD, since there is an eccentricity of ± 200 μm, an angle measurement error due to the eccentricity occurs. In the case of a CD standard disc, an angle measurement error of 0.8 degrees at maximum at PP is caused by eccentricity. Therefore, measurement is impossible when an angle measurement resolution of 1 ° is required. In order to avoid this, when high-precision angular resolution is required, the eccentricity amount detection unit 553c is provided in the angular position detection unit 553 of FIG. 249, the eccentricity amount is detected, and the eccentricity correction unit 553b performs correction calculation. To correct the influence of eccentricity. A method of detecting the eccentricity and calculating the correction value will be described. As shown in FIG. 252 (a), when there is no eccentricity, the three points A, B, and C on the same radius of the disk have a true disk center 557 at the center of the triangle when θa = θb = θc. is there. Actually, as shown in FIG. 252 (b), the eccentricity 559 occurs due to the eccentricity of the disk or the disc mounting displacement. As shown in FIG. 252 (b), by detecting the relative angles of the three addresses A, B, and C by the angle sensor 353, the deviation L′ a between the disc rotation center 558 and the true disc center 557 is obtained. As shown in the figure, it can be obtained by calculating L′ a = f (θa, θb, θc). The eccentricity correction unit 553b uses the calculated eccentricity amount to correct the rotation angle signal of the rotation angle sensor 17a, thereby correcting the influence of eccentricity, so that the angle resolution is improved to 1 ° or less. And the accuracy of detecting an illegal disk can be further increased.

  When the angular position is detected with a resolution as low as about 6 ° as described above, strictness is required for the result of discriminating between fraud and regular discs. In particular, it is absolutely necessary to avoid that a legitimate disc is determined to be illegal because it causes a great deal of damage to legitimate users. For this reason, as shown in steps 551t, 551u, and 551v in the flowchart of FIG. 247, an incorrect discrimination can be avoided by accessing and reproducing an address determined to be illegal two or more times and reproducing and checking. Since the basic flowchart is the same as FIG. 240 and is omitted, only the additional steps will be described. When it is determined in step 551r that the value is not within the allowable value, the address An is reaccessed a plurality of times in step 551t and An A zone number Z′n indicating a relative angle with respect to is detected, and whether it is within the allowable value in step 551v is checked a plurality of times. If No, the disk is regarded as an illegal disk, and the process proceeds to Steps 471u and 471s and the program is not operated.

  Further, as another method for preventing erroneous determination, the accuracy of determination is improved by adding statistical processing. As shown in FIG. 245 (a), the frequency distribution of the read angle-address, angle-tracking direction, address-tracking direction, angle-pit depth, and address-pit depth is as shown in graph 1. Therefore, when specific data is selected and reproduced by the player as shown in graph 2, sample address data that can be easily discriminated is selected. Then, a disk formed as shown in FIG. 245 (b) is reproduced, a signal part deviating from the allowable value is found as shown in black in the graph 3, and an abnormal value deviating from the allowable value as shown in the graph 4 is obtained. Is removed from the list. Although the frequency distribution of the angle-address arrangement is shown in the figure, the same effect can be obtained by the distribution of the pit depth and the distribution of the address-tracking amount. In this way, since the copy prevention signal portion that is difficult to discriminate, that is, easily determined as an error, can be excluded from the list, the degree of error during reproduction by the reproduction player is reduced. By re-accessing an address that has been determined to be illegal two or more times, the probability of error further decreases.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 245 (c), in the case of an illegally duplicated master disc, in order to create a master disc by reading the address of the molded disc, first, it is distributed in a range with a certain probability as shown in graph 5. CP (copy protection) signal is generated. In this case, since the disk physical arrangement table cannot be falsified as described above, the data selection operation as in the graph (2) cannot be performed. Therefore, the physical placement destination of the illegal master disk includes data that is considerably close to the allowable value limit, or a CP signal that exceeds the allowable value. As shown in FIG. 245 (d), an error due to molding variation is further added to the optical disk molded and pressed from such an illegal master, resulting in a distribution as shown in graph 6 and an allowable value as shown by the blackened portion. A physical arrangement signal 552b exceeding the above is generated. Since the physical arrangement signal 552b unique to the illegal disk is detected by the disk check program, the operation of the program is stopped and the use of the copy disk is prevented. Thus, the distribution of angle-address CP (COPY PROTECT) signals is dispersed within a small range by the molding press. On the other hand, in the case of the pit depth shown in FIG. 250 (b), the depth varies greatly depending on the cutting and molding conditions, and it is extremely difficult to precisely control this. The yield drops greatly. Therefore, in the case of pit depth, strong copy protection can be applied.

  Here, a reproducing apparatus for detecting the frequency distribution of the physical arrangement of the disk shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 246 and 249, the recording / reproducing apparatus 1 has a disk physical arrangement detection unit 556, which includes three detection units, an angular position detection unit 553, a tracking displacement detection unit 554, and a pit depth detection unit 555. The angle position information Z′n, tracking displacement T′n, and pit depth D′ n are detected and a detection signal is output. By confirming temporal coincidence with the signal A′n of the address detector 557, A′n−Z′n, A′n−T′n, A′n−D′n, and Z′n−T Corresponding data of 'n, Z'n-D'n, T'n-D'n is obtained. By collating this data with An, Zn, Tn, Dn in the regular reference disk physical arrangement table 532 decrypted by the encryption decoder 534 in the collation unit 535, the output / operation stop means 536 if the disk is not a regular disk, The program operation can be stopped.

  Next, a flowchart for reducing erroneous determination of disc discrimination using a statistical method will be described. The description of the same part as that of FIG. 240 in the flowchart of FIG. 247 is omitted, and the description is limited to the part for discriminating the disk by focusing on the distribution frequency shown in the graphs 1 to 6 of FIG. 245 of the disk physical arrangement data. To do. First, in the disk check program 471t, a CP (COPY PROTECT) descrambling program in step 551w, that is, a one-way function calculation unit 534c such as RSA that decrypts the encryption of the reference physical layout table 532 in the encryption decoder 534 in FIG. Checkpoints are provided at various points in the disk check program and application programs to determine whether the first encryption decoder 534a having the above has been illegally changed, that is, whether the first encryption decoder 534a has been tampered with and illegally decrypted by the unauthorized encryption decoder. Check every time, and if yes, stop the operation. As a result, illegal duplicators can be prevented from replacing the first cryptographic decoder 534a with an illegal cryptographic decoder, so that the security level of encryption is increased and the prevention of duplication can be enhanced. Next, step 551f will be described. In this step, in the case of an angular position, the position of a specific address is measured, and the distribution state of the deviation amount of the zone number with respect to the reference angle in the reference physical arrangement table 532 is measured. If m = 0 is not deviated and m = ± n is defined as n zones deviated, m = −1 in step 551g, m = m + 1 in step 551h, and the angle zone Z ′ measured in step 551i. It is checked whether n is shifted by m pieces, and if No, the process returns to step 551h. If Yes, it is added to the distribution list of Z′n shifts in step 551j, and a shift amount distribution table is created one after another. If it is the last in step 551k, the process proceeds to the next step 471n, and if it is No, the process returns to step 551h. Thus, the angular position of the specific address shown in FIG. 249 or the tracking displacement, the distribution state of the deviation between the pit depth and the reference of the angle / address position are measured.

  Step 551m in the disk check program 471t is a legitimacy determination program, which is an amount of deviation from the reference value of the angular arrangement Z′n of the address n that is encrypted and recorded in the magnetic layer or the optical recording layer in step 551n. The maximum allowable value Pn (m) for m is decrypted and read out, and the deviation distribution table 556a and the reference physical arrangement table 532a shown in FIG. 251 created by the physical position deviation distribution measurement program in step 551f described above are checked. Determine whether the disk is true or false. First, m = 0 in step 551p, m = m + 1 in step 551q, and it is checked in step 551r whether it is within the allowable range. By checking whether the number of Z′n is smaller than Pn (m) in FIG. 251, it is checked whether it is within the allowable range. If No, the process proceeds to step 551f described above, and the corresponding address is accessed again. If not, it is determined that the address is invalid, and if OK, the process proceeds to step 551s. If step 551r is Yes, the process proceeds to step 551s. If m is the last, the process proceeds to step 471p, and if No, the process returns to step 551q. By measuring the distribution of deviation of Z′n with respect to Zn in this way, statistical processing is performed to discriminate a regular disk if it is within the allowable value and an illegal disk if it is outside the allowable value range. As a result, there is an effect that the probability of misjudging a regular disk as an illegal disk and vice versa are reduced.

  In the flowchart of FIG. 247, a partial selection signal is sent to the encryption decoder 534 and the magnetic reproduction circuit 30 by a random extractor 582 such as a random number generator 583 as shown in FIG. The selected magnetic track or optical track of all the tracks is selected, accessed and played back. As a result, since it is sufficient to access one part of the total number of encrypted data, for example, about 100 out of 10,000, the mechanical access time is shortened and the duplication check time is shortened. The random extractor 582 sends a selection signal to the encryption decoder 534, and decrypts a part of the reproduced encrypted data. For example, in the case of a 512-bit one-way function encryption, even a 32-bit microcomputer takes a fraction of a second to release the encryption. However, the adoption of this partial selection method has the effect of shortening the decryption time. Since the random number generator 584 disc checks the different sample data each time for the minimum required sample amount each time, for example, even in a system that checks only 100 sample points each time among 10000 sample points, the final 10000 Will check the sample points. Therefore, the replicator needs to replicate the physical arrangement of all 10,000 sample points in exactly the same shape as the reference disk. Since it is difficult to duplicate the angles, tracking amounts, and pit depths of all sample points, the anti-duplication effect is high. By adding the random extractor 582, the disk check time can be significantly shortened without reducing the high anti-duplication effect.

Now, description will be given with reference back to the recording / reproducing apparatus shown in FIGS. 246 and 249. In the disk physical arrangement detection unit of the recording / reproducing apparatus 1 in FIG. 249, in addition to the angular position detection unit 553 described above, there are two detection units, a tracking amount detection unit 554 and a pit depth detection unit 555. First, the tracking amount detection unit 554 receives the tracking amount Tn of the address n from the tracking amount sensor 24a such as a tracking error detection circuit capable of measuring the wobbling of the tracking control unit 24 of the optical head 6 and the like. Are compared with other detection signals such as A′n, Z′n, and D′ n, and output as T′n to the collation unit 535. To illustrate this principle with reference to FIGS. 253 (a) (b), the physical position 539a of the address A ₁ in the regular disk of FIG. 253 (a) is, with addition tracking direction of the modulation of the wobbling or the like during creation master. For this reason, tracking is shifted in the outer circumferential direction. If this is defined as T ₁ = + 1, T ₂ = −1 at the physical position 539b of the address A ₂ . Since this information can be discriminated when the master is created or after the master is created, the reference physical arrangement table 532 is created, encrypted, and recorded on the medium 2.

Next, in the illegally duplicated medium 2 shown in FIG. 253 (b), the normal tracking displacement is not added. Even if tracking displacement is added, as shown in the figure, tracking displacements T ′ ₁ and T ′ _{2 at} addresses A ₁ and A ₂ in the same angle zone Z ₁ are each O ₁ +1, for example, and the measured disk physical The arrangement table 556 is different from the reference physical arrangement table 532 for regular disks. For this reason, it is detected by the collation unit 535 of the disk check unit 533 in FIG. 249, the output / operation stop means 536 stops the program output, the program operation, or the decryption of the application program by the second encryption decoder 534b, A display indicating “illegal copy disk” is output to the display unit 16. In the case of FIG. 249, since the disk check program itself is encrypted by the second encryption decoder 534b, it is difficult to tamper with the disk check program 533, and the effect of preventing unauthorized duplication can be improved.

  Next, the pit depth detection unit will be described. As shown in FIG. 249, the optical reproduction signal from the optical head 6 is sent to the amplitude or fluctuation of the amplitude or modulation degree of the envelope of the pit depth detection unit 555, or to the amplitude amount detection unit 555a such as a multi-level level slicer. The pit depth is detected based on the amplitude change, and the detection output D′ n is sent to the collation unit 535 and collated with the data in the reference physical layout table 532. If they are different, the copy prevention operation is started. Thus, as shown in FIGS. 254 (a) (b) (c) (d), the four check parameters of the address An, the angle Zn, the tracking displacement amount Tn, and the pit depth Dn are the physical arrangements 539a and 539b of one sample point. , 539c can be checked respectively, so that it is necessary to duplicate a master disk in which the conditions of the four parameters match at all the sample points. It is difficult to duplicate a master that satisfies these conditions with good yield. Therefore, powerful copy prevention is realized. In particular, it is extremely difficult to duplicate a group of pits having the same pit depth after changing the width. In the case of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 269, in step 584a, for example, when 1000 sets of pit groups are recorded on the same master disk under 1000 sets of different recording conditions such as recording output and pulse width, step 584b is constant. For example, if the fraction is 1/200, a pit group that passes five sets of conditions can be formed. In step 564c, the physical arrangement or the like of the accepted pit group is found by monitoring with laser light on the master. In step 584d, a physical arrangement table of acceptable pit groups is created. In step 584e, the physical arrangement table is encrypted. In step 584f, if it is an optical recording unit, this code is recorded on the second photosensitive unit 572a of the master in step 584g. In step 584h, plastic is injected into the master, an optical disk is formed, a reflective film is formed in step 584i, and if there is no magnetic layer in step 584j, it is completed. If there is, a magnetic recording unit is created in step 584k, and step 584m. Thus, the encryption is recorded in the magnetic recording unit, and the optical disc is completed. Since the pit depth is measured after the master is created and encrypted and the arrangement table is recorded, the yield when creating the master can be increased to nearly 100%.

Here, a detection method of the pit depth in the pit depth detection unit 555 will be described. The pits 561a to f of the illegally duplicated disk in FIG. 250 (a) have the same pit depth. Of the pits of the regular disc in FIG. 250 (b), the pits 560c, d, and e are shallow. Therefore, the reproduction pulse 562c as shown in FIG. 250 (c), d, e will have low peak value, the reference slice level S ₀ multilevel slicer 555b, but it is output as shown in FIG. 250 (f), detection in use the slice level S _1, no output as shown in FIG. 250 (d). Accordingly, by taking the logical product of the inverse value of S ₁ and S ₀ , duplication prevention signals 563c, 563d, and 563e are obtained only in the case of a regular disk as shown in FIG. 250 (g). The illegal disk, since the output of the detection slice level S ₁ is set to 1 in succession, the anti-duplication signal is not output. Therefore, a duplicate disk can be detected. It should be noted that in this case, FIG. 250 a reduction in envelope Fuhaba reduce or modulation factor of the optical output waveform as shown in (e) is detected by Fuhaba amount detecting unit 555a, the opposite sign to obtain even the same effect of S ₁ Is obtained.

  As is apparent from the comparison table of the anti-duplication effect in FIG. 256, a normal CD or MD master disc creation apparatus does not have an angle control function, and therefore disk check in the angular direction, that is, A is effective. On the other hand, since the master disc producing apparatus for laser disk (LD), MD, and CD ROM does not have wobbling, that is, tracking direction control means, displacement in tracking direction, that is, B is effective. On the other hand, the depth direction, that is, C cannot be detected by an existing CD IC because a detection circuit for amplitude or modulation degree is required for the input circuit in addition to the conventional circuit. Therefore, at present, A + B is the most effective combination for CD and MD because it has a high copy prevention effect and is compatible with existing ICs. It can be seen that the check method combining the two parameters of A + B, that is, the angle direction and the tracking direction, is most effective in the current master production apparatus.

FIG. 257 shows an apparatus for creating a master disc for which modulation is applied in the angle direction, track direction, and pit depth direction. Since the mastering device 529 of FIG. 257 has basically the same configuration and operation as the mastering device of FIG. 234 already described, description thereof will be omitted and only different parts will be described. First, the tracking modulation method will be described. The system control unit includes a tracking modulation signal generation unit 564, which sends a modulation signal to the tracking control unit 24 and performs tracking with a substantially constant radius r ₀ based on the reference track pitch 24a. Modulation such as wobbling is applied within the range of r ₀ ± dr of the radius of the track. Therefore, a meandering track as shown in FIGS. 253 (a) and 253 (b) is created on the master 572. This tracking displacement amount is sent to the tracking displacement information part 32g of the position information input part 32b. The copy prevention signal generation unit 565 creates a reference physical arrangement table 532 in which the address An, the angle Zn, the tracking displacement amount Tn, and the pit depth Dn described in FIG. 246 are tabulated, and is encrypted by the encryption encoder 537 Is done. This code is recorded on the second master 572a provided on the outer periphery of the master as shown in FIGS. 265 and 266 or the master in the second area provided on the outer periphery as shown in FIGS. 267 and 268. Also, modulation Dn in the pit depth direction can be applied independently. The system control unit 10 of FIG. 257 has an optical output modulation signal generation unit 566, and the amplitude of the laser output of the output modulation unit 567 of the optical recording unit 37b is changed as shown in FIG. 263 (b) or FIG. As shown in a), the effective value of the laser output can be changed by modulating the pulse width or pulse interval with a constant amplitude by the pulse width modulation unit 568. Then, as shown in FIG. 263 (c), photosensitive portions 574 having different depths are formed on the photosensitive portion 573 of the master 572. Through the etching step, pits 560a to 560e having different depths are formed as shown in FIG. 263 (d), and pits 560a, 560c, and 560d having a depth close to λ / 4 and a depth close to λ / 6, for example. Shallow pits 560b and 560e are formed. By applying metal plating such as nickel to the master 572, a metal master 575 as shown in FIG. 263 (e) can be formed, and a molding disk 576 can be formed by plastic molding. When pits are formed on the master disk by changing the amplitude of the laser output in this way, the peak value of the reproduction output decreases as shown in the waveform diagram (5) in FIG. When slicing is performed, the pulse width is detected narrower than that of a pit having a deep pit depth, and a normal digital output cannot be obtained. Therefore, a pulse having a width of T + ΔT as shown in the waveform (2) is generated by the pulse width adjusting unit 569 with respect to the synchronous T original signal as shown in the waveform (1) in FIG. 264. By doing so, the digital signal is corrected as shown in the waveform (6). If not corrected, a sliced digital output narrower than the original signal is obtained as shown in the waveform (7), and an erroneous digital signal is output.

  In this way, the pit depth is modulated by the optical output modulation unit 567, and the pit depth information Dn is sent from the optical output modulation signal generation unit 566 to the pit depth information unit 32h. In the copy prevention signal generation unit 565, the above An, A reference physical arrangement table 532 in which Zn, Tn, and Dn are tabulated is created, encrypted by the encryption encoder 537, and magnetically recorded on the magnetic recording layer. Alternatively, as shown in the process of FIG. 267, after creating the master including the second photosensitive portion 577 provided on the outer periphery of the master, the pit depth and the like are measured as shown in the process 5, the physical arrangement table is obtained and encrypted, By recording this code in the second photosensitive portion 577 in step 6, the physical layout table 532 can be recorded together with the program software on a single master as shown in steps 7, 8, and 9. If a different ID number is not entered for each disk, a magnetic layer is not necessarily required, and this method can provide a copy prevention effect only with the optical recording unit. FIG. 268 shows a top view and a sectional view of the master. Further, as shown in FIGS. 265 and 266, two masters may be bonded together. Further, in FIG. 257, an external communication interface unit 588 is provided, and the physical arrangement table is encrypted by the first encryption key 32d in the external encryption encoder 579 possessed by the copyright holder of the external software as shown in FIG. Is sent back from the external encryption encoder 579 to the mastering device 529 of the optical disc manufacturing company via the second communication interface 578a, the communication line, and the communication interface 578. In this method, the first encryption key 32d of the copyright holder is not handed over to the optical disc manufacturing company, so that the security of the encryption is enhanced and the optical disc manufacturer is responsible even if the first encryption key 32d is stolen by a third party. There is an effect that it is not necessary to bear.

In addition, precise processing control in the optical pit depth direction has many variations such as sensitivity and gamma characteristics of photosensitive materials, laser beam output fluctuations and beam shapes, glass substrate thermal characteristics, etching characteristics, and molding press dimensional errors. It is quite difficult because of the factors involved. For example, as shown in FIG. 255, when the pulse width and depth of the pit are changed to a combination, the optimum conditions of the laser output amplitude and pulse width differ for each pulse width. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 255, n combination conditions are created by changing the output value of the laser output and the pulse width in consideration of the gamma characteristic. For example, if you make a combination of several hundred laser outputs and create a master disc with several hundred different conditions, the depth of each pit is optimized several times. In other words, out of hundreds of masters, several masters are accepted. In this acceptable master, when a signal is reproduced, a pit group that reaches the reference voltage S ₀ but does not reach the detection voltage S ₁ can be formed as shown by the waveforms 581a and 581c of the waveform (3) in FIG. It will be. However, creating hundreds of wasted masters for a piece of software is not economical because it requires tens of millions of yen. Therefore, in the present invention, a method of making optimal pits by making a master once is provided. As shown in FIG. 263, several hundred sets, that is, n sets of 580a to d pit groups are provided, and n sets of different laser outputs are provided. Record on condition. Then, a pit group having a pit depth, a pit shape, and a pulse width that has passed the target condition with a probability of several sets out of n sets, for example, several sets out of several hundred sets is obtained. As shown in FIG. 248, the physical arrangement table 532 of the passed pit group 580c is encrypted, and the optical recording of the magnetic recording part of the disk 2, the second master shown in FIGS. 266 and 268, and the master 572 of the second photosensitive part. If the data is recorded in the recording area, a copy prevention disk using the pit depth can be obtained. In this case, as the yield of the accepted pit group is worse, the number of n sets of the pit group increases, but the copy prevention capability increases accordingly. In reality, the number of combinations increases by increasing the total number of pits and the pulse width of one set of the pit group 560, and the fractional yield can be deteriorated to about one hundredth. Since the physical layout table 532 is encrypted with a one-way function as described above, it cannot be altered without knowing the encryption key. Therefore, duplicators cannot duplicate unless they make hundreds of masters that cost 100,000 yen or more. In other words, since tens of millions of yen are required to obtain one copy master, there is no economic meaning, and the copy trader gives up the copy, thereby preventing the copy. On the other hand, several hundred types of 10-bit pit groups are provided, and even if one hundred sets of these pit groups are made, the total capacity is several tens of kilobytes. For example, the influence on the capacity 640 MB of a CD-ROM is 1 / 10,000, There is an effect that there is almost no capacity reduction by the present invention.

  In the figure, an example using a ROM disk such as a CD has been described. However, even if a physical arrangement table is encrypted and recorded in a recording layer portion of an optical RAM using a recording type optical disk such as a partial ROM, the same applies. The effect is obtained. Further, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 270, the disk check program 584 is arranged at, for example, 1000 places such as a program installation routine 584d in the program 586 in the application software, a printing routine 584e, a storage routine 584f, and the like. As a result, the desk check program 585 cannot be altered or deleted unless the entire application program is decoded, so even if some of the disk check programs 585 are omitted, the operation is stopped by the remaining check programs. As described above, by distributing a plurality of disk check programs, there is an effect of making illegal copying more difficult.

  The reproduction apparatus of the present invention is useful as an apparatus for realizing copy prevention and the like.

Block diagram of recording / reproducing apparatus in Embodiment 1 of reference invention The enlarged view of the optical recording head part in Example 1 The enlarged view of the head part in Example 1 The enlarged view of the head part of the tracking direction in Example 1 The enlarged view of the magnetic head part in Example 1 Timing chart of magnetic recording in the first embodiment Sectional drawing of the recording medium in Example 1 Sectional drawing of the recording medium in Example 1 Sectional drawing of the recording medium in Example 1 Sectional drawing of the recording part in Example 1 Sectional drawing of the recording part in Example 1 Sectional drawing of the recording part in Example 1 Sectional drawing of the recording part in Example 1 Sectional drawing of the recording part in Example 1 The perspective view of the cassette in the Example 1 The perspective view of the recording / reproducing apparatus in Example 1 Block diagram of the recording / reproducing apparatus in the first embodiment The perspective view of the game machine in Example 1 Block diagram of a magnetic recording / reproducing apparatus in Embodiment 2 of the reference invention The enlarged view of the magnetic head part in Example 2 The enlarged view of the magnetic head part in Example 2 The enlarged view of the magnetic head part in Example 2 Enlarged view of the recording part in Example 3 of the reference invention Block diagram of recording / reproducing apparatus in Embodiment 4 of reference invention The enlarged view of the magnetic-recording part in Example 4 Enlarged view of magneto-optical recording unit in Example 4 Sectional drawing of the recording part in Example 4 Flowchart in the fourth embodiment Flowchart in the fourth embodiment (A) is a cross-sectional view when the magneto-optical disk of Example 4 is mounted. (B) is a cross-sectional view when the CD of Example 4 is mounted. Enlarged view of magneto-optical recording unit of Example 4 Block diagram of recording / reproducing apparatus in Embodiment 5 of reference invention The enlarged view of the magnetic-recording part in Example 5 Enlarged view of magneto-optical recording unit in Example 5 Enlarged view of magneto-optical recording unit in Example 5 The enlarged view of the magnetic-recording part in Example 5 Enlarged view of magneto-optical recording unit in Example 5 Block diagram of recording / reproducing apparatus in Embodiment 6 of reference invention Block diagram of magnetic recording unit in embodiment 6 The enlarged view of the magnetic field modulation part in Example 6 Top view of the magnetic recording unit in Example 6 Top view of the magnetic recording unit in Example 6 The enlarged view of the magnetic-recording part in Example 6 The enlarged view of the magnetic field modulation part in Example 6 (A) is a top view of the disk cassette in the seventh embodiment of the reference invention . (B) is a top view of the disk cassette in the seventh embodiment. (A) is a top view of the disk cassette in the seventh embodiment (b) is a top view of the disk cassette in the seventh embodiment. (A) is a top view of the disk cassette in the seventh embodiment (b) is a top view of the disk cassette in the seventh embodiment. (A) is a top view of the disk cassette in the seventh embodiment (b) is a top view of the disk cassette in the seventh embodiment. (A) is a top view of the periphery of the liner in Example 7, (b) is a top view of the periphery of the liner in Example 7, and (c) is a top view of the periphery of the liner in Example 7. (A) is a top view of the periphery of the liner in Example 7, (b) is a top view of the periphery of the liner in Example 7, (c) is a cross-sectional view (d) of the liner in Example 7, and FIG. Cross-sectional view of the disk cassette in Example 7 Cross-sectional view of the A-A 'surface when the liner pin is inserted off in Example 7 Cross-sectional view of the A-A 'surface when the liner pin is inserted in Example 7 (A) is a cross-sectional view of the A-A 'surface when the liner pin insertion is off in the seventh embodiment. (B) is a cross-sectional view of the A-A' surface when the liner pin is inserted in the seventh embodiment. (A) is a cross-sectional view of the A-A 'surface when the magnetic head mount is turned off in the seventh embodiment. (B) is a cross-sectional view of the A-A' surface when the magnetic head mount is turned on in the seventh embodiment. (A) is a cross-sectional view of the A-A 'surface when the magnetic head mount is turned off in the seventh embodiment. (B) is a cross-sectional view of the A-A' surface when the magnetic head mount is turned on in the seventh embodiment. Top view of the recording medium in Example 7 (A) is a cross-sectional view of the A-A 'surface when the liner pin insertion is off in the seventh embodiment. (B) is a cross-sectional view of the A-A' surface when the liner pin is inserted in the seventh embodiment. Sectional drawing of the liner pin front part in Example 7 (at the time of off) Sectional drawing of liner pin front part in Example 7 (on) Cross-sectional view of liner pin in Example 7 (when off) Cross-sectional view of liner pin in Example 7 (on) Sectional drawing of the front part at the time of the liner pin in Example 7 Sectional drawing of the front part at the time of the liner pin in Example 7 Sectional drawing of the front part at the time of the liner pin in Example 7 Sectional drawing of the front part at the time of the liner pin in Example 7 Sectional drawing of the front part at the time of the liner pin in Example 7 Sectional drawing of the front part at the time of the non-operation | movement at the time of the liner pin in Example 7 (A) is a top view of the disk cassette in the eighth embodiment of the reference invention . (B) is a top view of the disk cassette in the eighth embodiment. (A) is a cross-sectional view of the peripheral portion when the liner pin insertion is turned off in the eighth embodiment (b) is a cross-sectional view of the peripheral portion when the liner pin is inserted in the eighth embodiment. (A) is a top view of the disk cassette in the eighth embodiment (b) is a top view of the disk cassette in the eighth embodiment (c) is a top view of the disk cassette in the eighth embodiment. Cross sectional view of disk cassette and liner pin in Example 8 (A) is a cross-sectional view of the periphery of the liner pin in Example 8, (b) is a cross-sectional view of the periphery of the liner pin when the conventional cassette is mounted in Example 8. (A) is a cross-sectional view of the peripheral portion when the liner pin insertion is turned off in the eighth embodiment (b) is a cross-sectional view of the peripheral portion when the liner pin is inserted in the eighth embodiment. (A) is a cross-sectional view of the peripheral portion when the liner pin insertion is turned off in the eighth embodiment (b) is a cross-sectional view of the peripheral portion when the liner pin is inserted in the eighth embodiment. Top view of a disk cassette in Embodiment 9 of the reference invention Cross-sectional view of the peripheral portion at the time of liner pin insertion off in Example 9 Cross-sectional view of the periphery when the liner pin is inserted in Example 9 (A) is a cross-sectional view of the periphery when the liner pin insertion is off in the ninth embodiment (b) is a cross-sectional view of the periphery when the liner pin is inserted in the ninth embodiment (A) is the tracking principle when uncorrected in the tenth embodiment of the reference invention . (B) is the tracking principle diagram when not corrected in the tenth embodiment. FIG. 5A is a tracking state diagram of the optical head in the tenth embodiment. FIG. 10B is a tracking state diagram of the optical head in the tenth embodiment. (A) is a diagram of the eccentricity of the optical track of the disk in the tenth embodiment, (b) is a diagram of the eccentricity of the optical track in the tenth embodiment, and (c) is a diagram of the tracking error signal in the tenth embodiment. FIG. 6A is a tracking state diagram of the optical head when not corrected in the tenth embodiment. FIG. 10B is a tracking state diagram of the optical head after correction in the tenth embodiment. Diagram of reference track in Example 10 (A) is a side view of the slider when turned on in the tenth embodiment, and (b) is a side view of the slider when turned off in the tenth embodiment. (A) is a side view of the slider portion when magnetic recording is OFF in the tenth embodiment. (B) is a side view of the slider portion when magnetic recording is ON in the tenth embodiment. Correspondence diagram between disk position and address in Example 10 Block diagram at the time of magnetic recording in Example 11 of the reference invention (A) is a cross-sectional view of the magnetic head in Example 11, (b) is a bottom view of the magnetic head in Example 11, and (c) is a bottom view of another magnetic head in Example 11. Spiral recording format diagram in Example 11 Guard band recording format diagram in Example 11 Data structure diagram in Example 11 (A) is a recording timing chart in Example 11 (b) is a recording timing chart at the time of two-head simultaneous recording in Example 11 Block diagram at the time of reproduction in Example 11 Data layout diagram in Example 11 Flowchart of traverse control in the eleventh embodiment Cylindrical recording format diagram in Example 11 Relationship diagram of traverse gear rotation speed and radius in Example 11 Optical recording surface format diagram in Example 11 Recording format diagram when backward compatibility is provided in Example 11 Correspondence diagram of optical recording surface and magnetic recording surface in Example 11 FIG. 12 is an overall perspective view of a recording medium in Example 12. Overall perspective view of recording medium in Example 12 Cross-sectional view in the film production printing process of the recording medium in Example 12 Cross-sectional view in the film production printing process of the recording medium in Example 12 Overall perspective view of coating process in Example 12 Cross-sectional view of the recording medium in the coating transfer process in Example 12 Manufacturing process diagram of recording medium in Example 12 Cross section of recording medium in coating transfer process of recording medium in Example 12 Overall perspective view of recording medium application process in Example 12 Overall Block Diagram of Recording / Reproducing Device in Embodiment 13 Cross-sectional view of the magnetic head periphery in Example 13 Relationship between head gap length and attenuation (dB) in Example 13 Top view of magnetic track in Example 13 Cross-sectional view of the magnetic head periphery in Example 13 Cross-sectional view when the recording medium is inserted in Example 13 Relationship diagram between distance between optical pickup and magnetic head and relative noise amount in Examples 12 and 13 of reference invention Cross-sectional view of a head traverse portion in Embodiment 13 of the present invention Top view of the head traverse portion in Example 13 Cross-sectional view of another head traverse portion in Example 13 Cross-sectional view of another head traverse portion in Example 13 Diagram of magnetic field strength of various household products in Example 12 Recording format diagram of recording medium in Example 13 Recording format diagram of normal mode on recording medium in embodiment 13 Recording format diagram of variable track pitch mode on recording medium in Example 13 Explanatory drawing which compresses magnetic recording information using the reference table of optical recording information in Example 13 Cross sectional view of head traverse portion in Example 13 Flowchart of recording / reproduction in the embodiment 13 (No. 1) Flowchart of recording / reproduction in embodiment 13 (part 2) Configuration diagram of noise detection head in Example 13 Configuration diagram of magnetic sensor in Example 13 (A) is a cross-sectional view showing the open / close state of the upper cover of the recording / reproducing apparatus in Embodiment 14 of the present invention. (B) is a top view of the printing surface of the recording medium in Embodiment 14 of the present invention. Time relationship diagram of optical recording / reproducing clock signal, magnetic recording / reproducing signal clock signal, magnetic reproducing signal, reproducing pulse first data string D1, PWM magnetic recording / reproducing signal, reproducing pulse and second data string in Example 14 The perspective view of the cartridge of the optical recording medium in Example 14 Overall block diagram of recording / reproducing apparatus in embodiment 14 Time relationship diagram of recording medium rotation angular velocity ω, optical recording / reproducing clock signal, magnetic recording / reproducing clock signal, magnetic recording signal, and recording wavelength λ of magnetic recording signal in Example 14 Block diagram of a recording / reproducing apparatus in Embodiment 15 of the reference invention (A) is a perspective view when the cartridge is inserted in the embodiment 15 (b) is a perspective view when the cartridge is fixed in the embodiment 15 (c) is a perspective view when the cartridge is discharged in the embodiment 15. (A) is a perspective view when the cartridge is inserted in the embodiment 15 (b) is a perspective view when the cartridge is fixed in the embodiment 15 (c) is a perspective view when the cartridge is discharged in the embodiment 15. (A) Cross-sectional view when the cartridge is inserted in Example 15 (b) Cross-sectional view when the cartridge is fixed in Example 15 (c) Cross-sectional view when the cartridge is discharged in Example 15 Block diagram of recording / reproducing apparatus in Embodiment 16 of reference invention (A) is a perspective view when the cartridge is inserted in the embodiment 16 (b) is a perspective view when the cartridge is fixed in the embodiment 16 (c) is a perspective view when the cartridge is discharged in the embodiment 16. (A) is a perspective view when the cartridge is inserted in the embodiment 16 (b) is a perspective view when the cartridge is fixed in the embodiment 16 (c) is a perspective view when the cartridge is discharged in the embodiment 16. (A) Cross-sectional view when the cartridge is inserted in Example 16 (b) Cross-sectional view when the cartridge is fixed in Example 16 (c) Cross-sectional view when the cartridge is discharged in Example 16 (A) is a process diagram of applying a magnetic recording layer to a recording medium in Example 14 (b) is a process diagram of applying a magnetic recording layer to a recording medium in Example 14. (A) is a top view of the recording medium in Example 14, (b) is a top view of the recording medium in Example 14, and (c) is a recording medium on which OCR characters are recorded in Example 14. (A) is sectional drawing of the recording medium in Example 14, (b) is sectional drawing of the recording medium in Example 14. Block diagram of the key unlocking system in the embodiment of the present invention Flowchart diagram of the key unlocking program in the same embodiment Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram (A) is a perspective view of a magnetic head in Example 13 of the reference invention . (B) is a cross-sectional view of the magnetic head in Example 13. (c) is a cross-sectional view of the magnetic head in Example 13. (A) is a perspective view of the magnetic head in Example 13, (b) is a cross-sectional view of the magnetic head in Example 13. (A) is a perspective view of the magnetic head in Example 13, (b) is a cross-sectional view of the magnetic head in Example 13. (A) is a perspective view of the magnetic head in Example 13, (b) is a cross-sectional view of the magnetic head in Example 13. (A) is a perspective view of the noise detection coil in Example 13, (b) is a cross-sectional view of the noise detection coil in Example 13. (A) is a perspective view of the noise detection coil in Example 13, (b) is a block diagram of the noise detection system in Example 13. (A) is a perspective view of the noise detection coil in Example 13, (b) is a block diagram of the noise detection system in Example 13. Frequency distribution diagram of the reproduction signal before noise cancellation and the reproduction signal after noise cancellation in the thirteenth embodiment Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Block diagram of recording / reproducing apparatus in Embodiment 1 of reference invention (A) is an occurrence frequency distribution diagram of the periods T, 1.5T, and 2T in the first embodiment (b) is an occurrence frequency distribution diagram of the periods T, 1.5T, and 2T in the first embodiment. Relationship between maximum burst correction length and number of correction symbols in conventional CD standards The figure which shows the fractional distance of the data on the medium in Example 1 of a reference invention . Relationship diagram between error correction code data amount and error rate in the first embodiment (A) is an interleaving array conversion diagram in the first embodiment (b) is a diagram showing a data dispersion distance by interleaving in the first embodiment Block diagram of the deinterleave unit in the first embodiment (A) is a block diagram of the Reed-Solomon ECC encoder in the first embodiment (b) is a block diagram of the Reed-Solomon ECC decoder in the first embodiment. Flowchart of error correction program in the first embodiment Block diagram of the recording / reproducing apparatus in the first embodiment (A) is an interleaving array conversion diagram in the first embodiment (b) is a diagram showing a data dispersion distance by interleaving in the first embodiment The figure which shows the time interval and distance of the code | symbol of the subcode of CD in the Example 1 The figure of the magnetic track-optical address correspondence table in Example 14 of the reference invention Block diagram of subcode synchronization signal detection unit and magnetic recording unit in embodiment 14 Block diagram at the time of magnetic recording of the recording / reproducing apparatus in Example 14 Block diagram at the time of magnetic reproduction of the recording / reproducing apparatus in Example 14 (A) is a time chart of the optical reproduction synchronization signal in the embodiment 14, (b) is a time chart of ON / OFF of the magnetic recording operation in the embodiment 14, and (c) is a magnetic recording synchronization signal in the embodiment 14. The time chart (d) is a time chart of ON / OFF of the optical regeneration operation in the embodiment 14 (e) is the time chart of the optical regeneration synchronization signal in the embodiment 14 (f) is the magnetic regeneration in the embodiment 14. The operation ON / OFF time chart (g) is the time chart of the magnetic reproduction synchronization signal in the 14th embodiment (h) is the time chart of the magnetic reproduction data in the 14th embodiment. The figure which shows the eccentricity of the disk in the conventional CD standard File structure diagram of embodiment 22 of reference invention Flowchart diagram of magnetic track access method and magnetic recording cueing method in embodiment 13 of the reference invention (A) is a top view of a medium in a cartridge according to the twenty-third embodiment of the present invention, (b) is a diagram showing the elevation of the magnetic head in the twenty-third embodiment, and (c) is a diagram showing the elevation of the magnetic head in the twenty-third embodiment (d) is a diagram showing the raising and lowering of the magnetic head in the embodiment 23. (e) is a diagram showing the raising and lowering of the magnetic head in the embodiment 23. (f) is a diagram showing the retraction of the magnetic head in the embodiment 23. (A) is a cross-sectional view of a medium with a media identifier in Example 12 of the present invention. (B) shows a specific physical structure of a media identifier with a magnetic layer recorded in the optical recording unit in Example 12. Figure Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram The block diagram of the mastering apparatus in the Example of this invention (A) is a diagram of the address location during 1.2 m / s on the optical disk in the time variation diagram (b) is the embodiment of the linear velocity during recording in the embodiment (c) is on the optical disc in the same embodiment Figure of address position at 1.2 m / s → 1.4 m / s (A) is a physical layout diagram of the addresses of regular CDs in the embodiment . (B) is a physical layout diagram of addresses of illegally duplicated CDs in the embodiment 17. (A) is a relationship diagram of the address information and time in relation diagram of a physical position signal and time (c) is the embodiment relationship diagram of a rotation pulse and time of the disk (b) is in the same embodiment in the same embodiment Explanatory diagram of the principle of preventing duplication of CD in the embodiment Block diagram of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the embodiment Flow chart of checking illegally copied disk in the same embodiment (A) is a process diagram of a CD recorded with an ID number in the same embodiment (b) is a process diagram of a conventional CD. (A) is a top view (b) is a side view of wearing磁機in the embodiment (c) is a side enlarged view of the wearing磁機in accordance with the exemplary embodiment of the wearing磁機in the embodiment (d) are the same embodiment Block diagram of the magnetizer Principle diagram of ID number input in the same embodiment (A) the linear velocity during constant linear velocity in accordance with the exemplary embodiment - time diagram (b) is linear velocity during the linear velocity changes in accordance with the exemplary embodiment - address when constant linear velocity in the time diagram (c) is the embodiment (D) is a physical layout diagram of addresses when the linear velocity changes in the embodiment . (A) is a cross-sectional view of the legitimate master in the embodiment (b) is a sectional view of the molded discs normal in the embodiment (c) is a sectional view of the master that are illegally duplicated in the same Example (d), Sectional view of the illegally duplicated molding disk in the same example Block diagram of a recording and reproducing apparatus with CD maker in the same embodiment Flow chart in the same embodiment Address layout of disk master in the same embodiment Block diagram of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the embodiment (A) is in the incorrect cross-sectional view of a disk (b) is a sectional view of the legitimate disk of the example (c) is a waveform diagram of an optical reproduction signal in the example (d) are the examples in the Examples waveform diagram of the digital signal (e) is an envelope waveform diagram of the same embodiment (f) shows a waveform of the digital in the same example (g) shows a waveform of a detection signal in the same embodiment The figure which shows the disk physical allocation table | surface in the Example (A) Address arrangement diagram of optical disk without eccentricity in the embodiment (b) Address arrangement diagram of optical disk with eccentricity in the embodiment (A) is a diagram showing a tracking displacement of an illegally duplicated disk in FIG. (B) is the embodiment showing a track displacement of the legitimate disk in the same embodiment (A) shows an address An in the embodiment (b) is a diagram showing an angle Zn in the embodiment (c) is a diagram showing a tracking amount Tn at the same embodiment (d) of the pit depth in the same embodiment The figure which shows Dn The figure which shows the laser output in the same Example , pit depth, and a reproduction signal The figure which shows the duplication prevention effect with respect to each master production apparatus in the Example Block diagram of the master production device in the same embodiment Block diagram of the master production device in the same embodiment Block diagram of the master production device in the same embodiment Block diagram of the master production device in the same embodiment Block diagram of the master production device in the same embodiment Overall block diagram of the master production system in the same embodiment (A) shows a waveform of a laser output in the embodiment (b) is a sectional view of a substrate in the same embodiment waveform chart of a laser output (c) is in the same embodiment (d) are cross-sectional views of a substrate in the same embodiment (E) is a cross-sectional view of a forming disk in the same embodiment Relationship diagram between laser recording output and reproduction signal in the same embodiment Process diagram of master production in the same example (A) is a top view (b) is a cross-sectional view of the master press die in accordance with the exemplary embodiment of creating master in the same embodiment Process diagram of master production in the same example (A) is a top view (b) is a cross-sectional view of the master and the press mold in the same embodiment of creating master in the same embodiment Process flow chart of master production and recording medium production in an embodiment of the present invention FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a disk check method according to an embodiment of the present invention . Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram Reference diagram

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Recording / reproducing apparatus 2 Recording medium 3 Magnetic recording layer 4 Optical recording layer 5 Optical transmission layer 6 Optical head 7 Optical recording block 8 Magnetic head 8a Main magnetic pole 8b Sub magnetic pole 8c Head cap 8e Uniform magnetic field area 8m Magnetic field modulation magnetic head 8s For cancellation Magnetic head 9 Magnetic recording block 17 Motor 18 Optical head 19 Head base 23 Head movement actuator 23a Traverse actuator 24a Traverse movement circuit 34 Memory 34a Memory (for system)
37 optical recording circuit 37a time axis circuit 37b optical recording unit 37c optical output unit 37d synthesis unit 38a clock reproduction circuit 40 coil 40a magnetic field modulation coil 40b magnetic recording coil 40c tap 40d tap 40e tap 41 slider 42 disk cassette 43 printing base layer 44 Printing area 45 Printing 46 Pit 47 Substrate 48 Light reflection layer 49 Printing ink 50 Protective layer 51 Arrow 52 Optical recording signal 54 Lens 57 Light emitting part 60 Adhesive layer 61 Magnetic recording signal 65 Optical track 66 Focus 67 Magnetic track 67a Recording magnetic track 67b Reproducing magnetic track 67s Servo magnetic track 67f Guard band 67g Guard band 67x Cleaning track 69 High μ magnetic layer 70 Head gap 70a Recording head gap 70b Reproducing head gap 8 Interference layer 84 Reflective film 85 Modulating magnetic field 85a Magnetic flux 85b Magnetic flux 150 Connecting part 201 Discrimination step 202 Reproduction step 203 Reproduction transcription step 204 Reproduction only step 205 Recording transcription step 206 Recording step 207 Recoding step 210 Demagnetization area 210a Demagnetization area 210b Demagnetization area 301 Shutter 302 Head hole 303 Liner hole 304 Liner 305 Liner support part 305a Movable part 305b Subliner support part 305c Liner lifting / lowering part 307 Groove 307a Liner drive groove 310 Liner pin 311 Liner pin guide 312 Pin drive lever 313 Recognition hole 314 Protection pin 315 Liner drive Portion 316 Pin shaft 317 Spring 318 Connecting portion 319 Pin shutter 320 Optical address 321a Center 321b 321c Center 322 Optical data string 323 Address 324 Data 325 Guard band 326 Track group 327 Block 328 Track data 328 Sync signal 329 Address 330 Parity 331 Data 333 Separation circuit 334 Modulation circuit 335 Disk circuit angle detection unit 336 Eccentric correction amount memory 337 None Signal section 338 Traverse control section 339 Optical address magnetic address correspondence table 340 Head amplifier 341 Demodulator 342 Error check section 343 Data separation section 344 AND circuit 345 Recording data 346 Non-optical address area 347 Optical address area 348 Magnetic TOC area 349 Track locus 350 Head reproduction unit 351 Memory data 352 Coating material acupuncture point 353 Coating material transfer roll 354 Intaglio drum 355 Chinching part 356 Scriber 357 Soft transfer roll 358 Application part 360 Magnetic shield 361 Resin part 362 Random magnetic field generator 363 Traverse Shact 363b Magnetic head traverse Shact 364 Position reference part 365 Disk lock part 366 Traverse connecting part 367 Traverse gear 367c Magnetic head Traverse gear 368 Reference table 369 Synchronizing part 370 Recording format 371 Track number part 372 Data part 373 CRC part 374 Gap part 375 Connecting part guide part 376 Disk cleaning part 377 Magnetic head cleaning part 378 Noise canceller 380 Disk cleaning part connecting part 381 Magnetic sensor 382 Optical reproduction clock signal 383 Magnetic clock signal 384 Magnetic recording signal 38 5 Discrimination window time 386 Optical sensor 387 Optical mark 387a Bar code 388 Translucent part 389 Upper pig 390 Cassette pig 391 Shutter for magnetic surface 392 Shutter connecting part 393 Cassette pig rotary shaft 394 Cassette insertion slot 395 Tape 396 Label part 397 Buzzer 398 Magnetic Recording area 399 Screen printer 400 Bar code printer 401 High Hc section 402 Magnetic section 402a Spatial section 403 Magnetic section 404 Key management table 405 Flowchart step 406 Key release decoder 407 Audio decompression block 408 Personal computer 409 Hard disk 410 Installation step 411 Application 412 OS
413 BIOS
414 Drive 415 Interface 416 Flowchart Step 421 Optical File 422 Magnetic File 436 Network BIOS
437 LAN Network 447 Flowchart Step 447a Flowchart Step 448 Corrected Data 449 Display 450 Keypad 451 Error Correction Step 452 Parity 453 C1 Parity 454 C2 Parity 455 Index
456 Subcode synchronization detection unit 457 Index detection unit 458 Frequency divider 459 Magnetic synchronization signal detection unit 460 Shortest / longest pulse detection unit 461 Pseudo optical synchronization signal generation unit 462 Pseudo magnetic synchronization signal generation unit 463 Optical synchronization signal detector 464 Frequency division / Multiplier 465 Changeover switch 466 Waveform shaping unit 467 Clock regeneration unit 468 Media identifier 469 Optical address information 470 Data 514 Spring 514a Head elevating / lowering connecting means 514b Head elevating / lowering inhibiting means 514c Optical head traveling area 516 Loading motor 517 Loading gear 518 Tray moving gear 519 Head Elevator 520 Tray 521 Upper Swing Shaft 522 Menu Screen / Selection Number Table 523 Playback Control Information 524 Flowchart Step 525 Squirrel ID offset table 526 optical search information 527 magnetic preparative latch search information 528 master data 529 mastering device 530 data arrangement 531 Zone
532 Physical arrangement table 533 Illegal disk check circuit 534 Cryptographic decoder 535 Verification circuit 536 Output / operation stop means 537 Cryptographic encoder 538 Cryptographic signal 539 Physical position 540 Magnetizer 541 Magnetizing unit 542 Magnetized magnetic pole 543 Magnetized current generator 544 Current switching 545a Coil 546 ID number generator 547 Mixer 548 Separation key 549 Separator 550 ID number 551 Step of flowchart 552 Physical arrangement signal 553 Angular position detection unit 554 Tracking amount detection unit 555 Pit depth detection unit 556 Measurement disk physical arrangement table 557 Disc center 558 Disc rotation center 559 Eccentric part 560 Pit 561 Duplicated pit 562 Pulse signal 563 Duplication prevention signal 564 Tracking modulation signal generation part 565 Copy prevention Signal generation unit 566 Optical output modulation signal generation unit 567 Optical output modulation unit 568 Pulse width modulation unit 569 Pulse width adjustment unit 570 Output address information unit 571 Time axis change unit 572 Master disk 573 Photosensitive layer 574 Photosensitive part 575 Metal master disk 576 Molding disk 577 Second photosensitive unit 578 Communication interface unit 579 External encryption decoder 580 Pit group 581 Playback waveform 582 Random extractor 583 Random number generator 565 Screen 566 Step (flow chart of step virtual file)
567 Window 568 Folder 569 File 570 CD-ROM icon 571 CD-ROM-RAM icon 572 HDD
573 Invisible file
574 Invisible Folder
575 Display 576 Physical capacity display 577 Virtual capacity display 578 Password input part 579 File name input part

Claims (3)

Wherein by reproducing a recording medium on which the encrypted information that the main information is encrypted together with the sub-information that by the wobbling on a particular track is recorded in a plurality of sample addresses are recorded using an optical head a resulting Ru reproducing apparatus the sub-information by detection section for detecting the displacement of the tracking in the sample address with obtaining encrypted information (554),
Statistical processing for discriminating a normal disk when the frequency distribution of the tracking displacement as the sub information at a predetermined number of sample addresses is within a tolerance range with respect to a predetermined tracking displacement, and an illegal disk when the frequency distribution is outside the tolerance range Playback device that performs. Before the KiMitsuru meter processing, using the recording medium information with the auxiliary information of the displacement of said predetermined tracking obtained by decrypting the encrypted is recorded in the sub-cipher, the frequency of the tracking displacement 2. The reproducing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein statistical processing is performed to discriminate a normal disk if the distribution is within a tolerance range with respect to the predetermined tracking displacement, and an illegal disk if the distribution is outside the tolerance range. The reproducing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the sub-cipher is encrypted with a one-way function.

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