JP4092592B2 - Heating carrier, method for producing the same, and environmental purification method using heating carrier - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a heating carrier for biologically and efficiently treating inorganic and / or organic compounds in wastewater or the atmosphere, a method for producing the same, and an environmental purification method using the heating carrier.

  Biological treatment for treating wastewater and sewage with microorganisms is widely adopted because of its relatively low cost. However, some microorganisms have a slow growth rate, are easily poisoned, or are difficult to grow in the environment, and may not necessarily be an efficient method. Therefore, in order to actively form an environment in which microorganisms are easy to propagate, a treatment method has already been put into practical use using an activated microbial sludge or an immobilized microbial carrier in which specific microorganisms are preliminarily included and fixed inside.

  Gel material is usually used as an immobilizing material for supporting (holding) microorganisms inside. It is harmless to the natural environment, is not altered or decomposed by microorganisms, has high mechanical strength, and contains a large amount of microorganisms. It must be supported. Examples of gel materials that have been put to practical use so far include polyethylene glycol polymers and polyvinyl alcohol resins described in Patent Document 1 below. On the other hand, activated sludge and purely cultured microorganisms are used as microorganisms to be comprehensively immobilized on the gel material.

In recent years, Bacillus and actinomycetes, which are Bacillus subtilis bacteria, have attracted attention as microorganisms. Both Bacillus and Actinomycetes grow in the fermentation process of compost. Decomposition of oil, decomposition of high-concentration BOD component, decomposition and removal of malodorous component, improvement of coagulation of surplus sludge generated by biological treatment, decomposition of COD component, etc. The so-called environmental pollutants are excellent in purification, and pure bacteria utilization technology is being studied.
Japanese Patent Application No. 60-44131

  By the way, in order to biologically treat environmental pollutants using Bacillus and actinomycetes, it is necessary to produce Bacillus and actinomycetes to dominate and to produce immobilized microbial carriers carrying Bacillus and actinomycetes at high concentrations. However, conventionally, as shown in FIG. 11, it was necessary to immobilize purely cultured Bacillus and actinomycetes on a gel material.

  However, pure culture requires a culture tank and a large amount of medium, and further has a disadvantage that it takes too much time for the culture and the production cost is too high because it naturally increases labor costs.

  Further, in the case of actinomycetes, there is a drawback that environmental pollutants, particularly water-bloom, cannot be efficiently decomposed and removed simply by increasing the number of bacteria.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, a heating carrier capable of supporting a specific microorganism, particularly Bacillus, on an immobilizing material at a high concentration without performing pure culture of the microorganism, a method for producing the same, and It is an object of the present invention to provide an environmental purification method using a heating carrier.

In order to achieve the above object, claim 1 of the present invention is characterized in that an immobilized microorganism carrier in which sludge containing Bacillus, which is a heat-resistant bacterium, is entrapped and immobilized is heat-treated , The present invention provides a method for producing a heating carrier, comprising activated sludge from a sewage treatment plant, lakes and rivers, bottom mud from the sea, or surface soil .

Claim 1 of the present invention, instead of heat treatment while the sludge naked, by heating in a state in which the sludge is entrapped in an immobilizing material, identified having heat resistance from a sludge more microorganisms coexist The microorganisms can be accumulated on the immobilization material in a dominant state, and the dominant microorganisms can be effectively propagated in the subsequent culture of the heating carrier. The sludge to be used includes activated sludge from sewage treatment plants, lakes, rivers, sea bottom mud, or soil on the surface. Also, the bottom mud of lakes, rivers and seas means sludge accumulated on the bottom of lakes, rivers and seas and sludge on the shore, and the soil on the surface is present on the surface of farmland, mountain forests, factories, residential areas, etc. It refers to the soil.

Claim 2 of the present invention prescribes a preferable temperature for the heat treatment in claim 1, and by performing the heat treatment temperature in the range of 40 ° C. or higher and 130 ° C. or lower, Bacillus is dominant in the immobilization material. Integrated heating carrier can be obtained.

The third aspect of the present invention is a heating carrier manufactured by the manufacturing method according to the first or second aspect .

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, the heating carrier according to the third aspect is made of at least one of an inorganic component and an organic environmental pollutant constituting an oil component, a BOD component, a COD component, and a malodor component. Provided is an environmental purification method characterized in that biological treatment is performed by contacting with an environmental pollutant.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heating carrier carrying Bacillus at a high concentration with at least one environmental pollutant among inorganic and organic environmental pollutants constituting an oil component, a BOD component, a COD component, and a malodor component. Biological treatment is carried out by contact, and environmental pollutants can be efficiently decomposed and removed.

In order to achieve the above object, Claim 5 of the present invention provides an environmental purification method characterized in that biological treatment is performed by bringing the heating carrier of Claim 3 into contact with surplus sludge generated by biological treatment. To do.

Claim 5 of the present invention is to perform biological treatment by bringing a heating carrier carrying Bacillus at a high concentration into contact with surplus sludge generated by biological treatment, and effectively improve the cohesiveness of surplus sludge. Can be made.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in order to achieve the object, biological treatment is performed by bringing the heating carrier according to the third aspect into contact with water containing or having a possibility of generating water. An environmental purification method is provided.

Claim 6 of the present invention is to perform biological treatment by bringing a heating carrier carrying Bacillus at a high concentration into contact with water containing water or water that may generate water. Not only can it be effectively decomposed and removed, but it is also possible to prevent the occurrence of aqua against water in which there is a risk that it will occur.

  According to the heating carrier and the method for producing the same according to the present invention, a specific microorganism can be supported on the immobilization material at a high concentration without performing pure culture of the microorganism. Therefore, if the heating carrier of the present invention is used, environmental pollutants can be effectively decomposed and removed as compared with the prior art.

  DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of a heating carrier and a method for producing the same according to the present invention and an environmental purification method using the heating carrier will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. For reference, an immobilization carrier in which actinomycetes are comprehensively immobilized and an environmental purification method using the same are also described.

  Fig. 1 shows the concentration of sludge and actinomycetes that are immobilized in a carrier and the concentration of actinomycetes for the immobilized carrier in which the lake, river, sea bottom mud, or soil on the surface is entrapped and immobilized. It shows the relationship with the decomposition rate. As a carrier sample having a sludge concentration, four levels of 500 mg / L, 1000 mg / L, 2000 mg / L, and 20000 mg / L were prepared.

As can be seen from FIG. 1, when the concentration of actinomycetes in the carrier is increased, the decomposition rate of the sea cucumber increases. However, in samples with a sludge concentration of 2000 mg / L (2 mg / mL) or more, actinomycetes When the number is 10 ⁴ (cells / ml) or more, preferably 10 ⁵ (cells / ml) or more, the decomposition rate of the sea cucumber is drastically improved. This means that, in order to significantly improve the decomposition rate of sea cucumber, not only the actinomycetes are supported at a high concentration in the immobilized carrier, but also 2 mg or more of bottom mud and soil are immobilized per 1 mL of the carrier. Means that it is important. The reason why the concentration of the bottom mud and soil is important is that the immobilization carrier needs a habitat where the actinomycetes live, and the immobilized mud and soil form the habitat. It is considered that a concentration of sediment or soil of 2 mg / mL-carrier or more is necessary to form a suitable habitat. Incidentally, actinomycetes were measured by the method of Saburo Matsui et al. (Saburo Matsui: Environmental Microbial Engineering Research Method, Gihodo, pages 55-58 (1993)).

  Bacillus, which is said to be excellent in purification of environmental pollutants as well as actinomycetes, simply includes lakes, rivers, sea bottom mud, surface soil, or activated sludge from sewage treatment plants as an immobilization material. Only by immobilization, it is not possible to increase the number of bacteria until the environmental pollutants are sufficiently decomposed and removed. For this reason, for the thermostable microorganisms such as Bacillus, the bacterial count concentration was increased by producing the heating carrier of the present invention.

  FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing a method for producing a heating carrier according to the present invention. As microorganisms, lakes, rivers, sea bottom mud, surface soil, or activated sludge from a sewage treatment plant (hereinafter referred to as bottom mud, An example will be described in which Bacillus in soil and activated sludge is simply referred to as “sludge” and is preferentially accumulated on the immobilization material and supported at a high concentration.

  As shown in FIG. 2, in the method for producing a heating carrier of the present invention, sludge is comprehensively immobilized on an immobilizing material to produce an immobilized microorganism carrier, and this immobilized microorganism carrier is heated. Moreover, in another manufacturing method of the heating carrier of the present invention, although not shown, either a monomer or a prepolymer which is an immobilizing material is polymerized while being heated in the presence of sludge. Thereby, the heating carrier of the present invention can be obtained. In this case, the heat treatment temperature for preferentially accumulating Bacillus in the immobilization material is 40 ° C. or higher and 130 ° C. or lower, more preferably 60 ° C. or higher and 110 ° C. or lower. Moreover, as heat processing time, 1 minute or more and 30 minutes or less are preferable.

  That is, the present invention does not heat the sludge as it is naked, but heats it while the sludge is included in the immobilization material, or heats during polymerization in the gelation reaction where the sludge is included in the immobilization material. It is important to be processed. Thereby, among a plurality of types of microorganisms mixed in the sludge, Bacillus, which is a heat-resistant bacterium, selectively remains in the immobilization material, and then rapidly propagates. As a result, since the proportion of Bacillus in the total number of bacteria in the immobilization material can be significantly increased, a heating carrier carrying Bacillus in a dominant state can be produced. In this case, if the sludge is heat-treated while being bare, microorganisms in the sludge are easily solubilized, and it is difficult to form a habitat for the microorganisms after immobilization. By doing so, it becomes easy to form a habitation space of microorganisms. Furthermore, contamination is less likely to be caused by heat treatment after comprehensive immobilization. Further, the Bacillus in a dominant state can be effectively propagated in the subsequent culture of the heating carrier. Further, as a secondary effect of the present invention, the heat treatment increases the polymerization rate as compared with the polymerization at room temperature, so that the carrier production rate can be greatly improved.

  FIG. 3 shows the heating carrier of the present invention in which activated sludge in a sewage treatment plant is comprehensively immobilized on an immobilization material and then heat-treated at a heating temperature of 20 to 130 ° C., and remains bare at a heating temperature of 20 to 130 ° C. It is the result of comparing the number of Bacillus bacteria after 2 weeks of culture with heat-treated activated sludge. In FIG. 3, ○ is a heating carrier and Δ is activated sludge.

As shown in FIG. 3, when the heating temperature is 30 ° C. or less, there is no difference between the heating carrier and the activated sludge at the Bacillus cell count of 10 ⁷ (cells / ml). However, the number of Bacillus bacteria as a heating carrier rapidly increased when it exceeded 30 ° C. and peaked at around 100 ° C., and the number of Bacillus bacteria at this time was about 10 ¹⁰ (cells / ml). Thereafter, the number of Bacillus bacteria decreased at 120 ° C. from a level of 10 ⁹ (cells / ml) to a level of 10 ⁸ (cells / ml) at 130 ° C. On the other hand, the number of Bacillus bacteria in activated sludge that had been heat-treated in a naked state began to decrease when the temperature exceeded 30 ° C., and the number of Bacillus bacteria at 120 ° C. decreased to the level of 10 ⁵ (cells / ml). In FIG. 3, the number of Bacillus bacteria in the activated sludge itself that had been heat-treated naked was measured, but the activated sludge that had been heat-treated naked was comprehensively immobilized on the same immobilization material used in the heating carrier of the present invention. Later Bacillus counts were similar. The reason why Bacillus hardly grows at 20 to 30 ° C. in FIG. 3 is considered that the heat treatment is insufficient and other miscellaneous bacteria grow, and the growth of Bacillus can be suppressed by interaction with the miscellaneous bacteria.

  FIG. 4 shows the heat carrier of the present invention in which the bottom mud of Shiga Prefecture is comprehensively immobilized on the immobilization material and then heat-treated at a heating temperature of 20 to 130 ° C., and the heat treatment is left bare at a heating temperature of 20 to 130 ° C. The result was a comparison of the number of Bacillus bacteria after 2 weeks of culture for the bottom mud of the lake, which was almost the same as the test result for the activated sludge of FIG.

As can be seen from this result, just because Bacillus is a heat-resistant bacterium, activated sludge from a sewage treatment plant, sludge such as bottom mud from a lake, etc. is heat-treated while being bare, and then the conventional sludge shown in FIG. Even if the immobilized microorganism carrier is produced by the production method, Bacillus in the produced immobilized microorganism carrier cannot be propagated. That is, as described above, the heating carrier of the present invention is not heated in the sludge as it is naked, but in the process of polymerization in which the sludge is included in the immobilization material or in the process of inclusion. It is important to heat-treat. The heating temperature for obtaining a heating carrier in which Bacillus is accumulated at a high concentration is preferably such that the number of Bacillus bacteria is 10 ⁸ (cells / ml) or more, preferably 40 ° C. or more and 130 ° C. or less. Is preferably 60 ° C. or higher and 110 ° C. or lower which can ensure the number of Bacillus bacteria of 10 ⁹ (cells / ml) or higher.

  Examples of the fixing material used in the production of the heating carrier of the present invention include monomethacrylates, monoacrylates, dimethacrylates, diacrylates, trimethacrylates, triacrylates, tetraacrylates, urethane acrylates, epoxy acrylates. In addition, polyvinyl alcohol, acrylamide, photocurable polyvinyl alcohol, photocurable polyethylene glycol, photocurable polyethylene glycol polypropylene glycol prepolymer, and the like can be used.

  In addition, the heating carrier of the present invention carrying Bacillus at a high concentration enables effective decomposition and removal of environmental pollutants by biologically treating the heating carrier in contact with the environmental pollutants described below. It is.

  Examples of environmental pollutants that can be effectively biologically treated by the heating carrier of the present invention include aoko, red tide, green algae-containing water, oil component (hexane extract), BOD component, COD component, mercaptan in the atmosphere, The object is malodorous components such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia.

  Moreover, the heating carrier of the present invention carrying Bacillus at a high concentration can improve the cohesiveness of excess sludge generated by biological treatment with activated sludge.

  Furthermore, the heating carrier of the present invention carrying Bacillus at a high concentration can not only effectively decompose and remove water mushrooms, but also can prevent the occurrence of water mushrooms in water where there is a risk of water mushroom generation.

  In the embodiment of the heating carrier of the present embodiment, Bacillus is accumulated at a high concentration on the immobilization material. However, the present invention is not limited to Bacillus, and lakes, rivers and seas in which a plurality of microorganisms are mixed. Specific heat-resistant microorganisms can be accumulated in the immobilization material in a dominant state from the bottom mud of the soil, the soil on the surface, or the activated sludge of the sewage treatment plant, and in the subsequent cultivation of the heating carrier In addition, the microorganisms in the dominant state can be effectively propagated.

[1] Blue-flood decomposition test using immobilized carrier (Example 1)
The bottom mud collected from the A swamp in Chiba Prefecture was entrapped and fixed with a polyethylene glycol prepolymer to form a large number of 3 mm square pellets as shown in FIG. Table 1 shows the composition of the immobilized carrier, and the sludge concentration in the carrier was set to 2 mg / ml-carrier or more.

The cell count concentration of actinomycetes on this immobilization carrier was 4 × 10 ⁵ (cells / ml-carrier). Using 200 ml of this immobilization carrier, it was put into a 2 L reaction tank, and aquatic swamp water (containing 10 ⁵ cells / ml) was continuously treated with a residence time of 48 hours.

As a result, the sea cucumber in the treated water was stabilized at 10 ² cells / ml or less.

(Example 2)
The same test as in Example 1 was carried out by collecting the bottom mud of Tokyo Bay, the soil of farmland in Chiba Prefecture, the soil of the riverbed of Edo River, and the bottom mud of the lake of Shiga Prefecture, and immobilizing them with a polyethylene glycol prepolymer. Thus, it was set as many pellets of 3 mm square. The composition of the immobilization carrier was the same as in Table 1, and the sludge concentration in the carrier was set to 2 mg / ml-carrier or more.

  Table 2 shows the relationship between the number of actinomycetes supported on the immobilization carrier and the rate of decomposition of the sea cucumber.

As can be seen from the results in Table 2, when the concentration of actinomycetes in the immobilized carrier is 10 ⁴ level, the rate of aquatic degradation is on the order of 1000 (cells / aico / ml · carrier), but the concentration of actinomycetes is 10 ^5. Thus, the decomposition rate is 10 times that of 10 ⁴ .

In this way, lakes and rivers and sea bottom mud containing high levels of actinomycetes, or soil on the surface, especially soils on farmland, are actively incorporated to form an environment where actinomycetes are easy to propagate. At the same time, when the sludge concentration in the carrier is 2 mg / ml-carrier or more, the sea cucumber can be efficiently decomposed and removed. In particular, when the actinomycete concentration is 10 ⁵ or more, the sea cucumber can be decomposed and removed very efficiently.

  On the other hand, a pure culture immobilization carrier, which is a sample in which only pure cultured actinomycetes are immobilized with a polyethylene glycol-based prepolymer without immobilizing sludge in the immobilization carrier, has a blue decomposition rate of 340 (cells / ml · carrier). [2] A comparative test of the dominant state of Bacillus and the treatment performance of the heating carrier of the present invention and a conventional immobilized microorganism carrier (hereinafter referred to as “non-heating carrier”) that has not been heat-treated. An example will be described.

  As the types of sludge, activated sludge collected from the A sewage treatment plant in Chiba Prefecture and bottom sludge collected from the lake in Chiba Prefecture are each immobilized with a polyethylene glycol-based prepolymer to prepare an immobilized microorganism carrier before heating. Then, as shown in FIG.

  The immobilized microbial carrier before heating was used as a sample of the non-heated carrier B. 200 ml of this immobilized microorganism carrier and 300 ml of tap water were placed in a 1 L Erlenmeyer flask and heat-treated at 100 ° C. for 12 minutes by an autoclave. The immobilized microbial carrier after heating was used as a sample of the heating carrier A.

  Table 3 shows the composition of the immobilized microbial carrier.

  FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the test apparatus 10 for continuous processing operation in which a comparative test was performed on the dominant state of Bacillus and the processing performance.

  The test apparatus 10 includes two aeration tanks 12 and 12 having a volume of 2 L shown in FIG. 6, and 200 ml of heating carrier A is added to one aeration tank 12 to form a test apparatus for the heating carrier. 200 ml of non-heated carrier B was added to the tank 12 to obtain a test apparatus for the non-heated carrier. In this case, the carrier filling rate of each aeration tank 12 was set to 10% which is the same for both test apparatuses 10. Then, the synthetic waste water was continuously introduced from the upper part of the aeration tank 12 so that the treated water was discharged through the carrier outflow prevention network (screen) 14 provided on the inner surface of the aeration tank. The supply flow rate of synthetic waste water was 11 ml / min, and the continuous treatment operation was performed so that the residence time in the aeration tank 12 was 3 hours. The carrier outflow prevention net 14 was made of vinyl chloride having an opening of 2 mm. An air supply pipe 16 is provided for supplying oxygen into the aeration tank 12 and stirring the heating carrier so that the air supply pipe 16 can aerate the synthetic wastewater in the aeration tank 12 at an aeration rate of 5 L / min. I made it. The water temperature of the synthetic wastewater was adjusted to 20 ° C.

  Table 4 shows the composition of the synthetic wastewater used in the test for Bacillus dominance.

  Table 5 shows the composition of the standard agar medium used for measuring the number of bacteria in the heating carrier A and the non-heating carrier B.

(Example 3)
First, the result of having tested the priority state of Bacillus using the test apparatus 10 of FIG. 6 about the heating carrier A and the non-heating carrier B using the activated sludge collected from the A sewage treatment plant in Chiba Prefecture will be described.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the state of colonies grown after homogenizing each of the heated carrier A and the non-heated carrier B before continuous operation and cultivating each of the diluted agar plates on the standard agar medium shown in Table 5. It is. As shown in FIG. 7, white colonies grew in the case of the heating carrier A, whereas various colonies such as white and yellow grew in the case of the non-heating carrier B. As a result of simple identification of a white colony grown on the heating carrier A with an identification kit manufactured by bioMerieux, it was estimated to be Bacillus. This means that Bacillus can be accumulated in the carrier A in a dominant state by performing the heat treatment.

  Next, with regard to the heating carrier A and the non-heating carrier B, a continuous treatment operation for 6 months is performed in the test apparatus 10 of FIG. 6 using synthetic waste water mainly composed of peptone and meat extract shown in Table 4. We evaluated the prevailing state of Bacillus, that is, the stability of Bacillus.

FIG. 8 shows the total number of bacteria in the carriers A and B and the number of Bacillus bacteria in the heated carrier A and the non-heated carrier B after completion of the continuous treatment operation. The total number of bacteria before continuous operation (initial carrier) was 5 × 10 ⁸ (cells / ml), and the number of Bacillus bacteria was 2 × 10 ⁶ (cells / ml).

As can be seen from FIG. 8, the heating carrier A after completion of the continuous treatment operation has a total bacterial count of 1 × 10 ¹⁰ (cells / ml) and a Bacillus bacterial count of 8.5 × 10 ⁹ (cells / ml). . That is, in the case of the heating carrier A, most of the total number of bacteria increased by the continuous treatment operation was growth of Bacillus. On the other hand, the non-heated carrier B increased the total number of bacteria to 2 × 10 ⁹ (cells / ml), but the number of Bacillus was 6 × 10 ⁷ , and the occupation rate of Bacillus relative to the total number of bacteria was higher than that of the heated carrier A. It was remarkably small.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the colony morphology when the diluted carrier is cultured on the heated carrier A and the non-heated carrier B after the end of the continuous treatment operation.

  As shown in FIG. 9A, in the case of the non-heated carrier B, various small colonies of white and yellow grew, while the heated carrier A grew almost uniform large colonies. FIG. 9B is a photograph in which 3% hydrogen peroxide is applied to the colony. The non-heated carrier B is locally foamed, but the heated carrier A is foamed violently and the large colony is Bacillus. Evidence of strong catalase activity was observed. Moreover, as a result of identifying a large colony of the heating carrier A with an identification kit manufactured by bioMerieux, it was estimated that it was Bacillus.

  From FIG. 7, FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, the heating carrier A is always predominately present in Bacillus, regardless of whether the continuous treatment operation is performed or not, and the stability of the predominance state of Bacillus. I understand that is good. This means that the heating carrier A can accumulate Bacillus by continuous treatment.

  Next, the results of testing the treatment performance of Bacillus on the heating carrier A and the non-heating carrier B using the test apparatus 10 of FIG. 6 will be described.

  The processing performance test uses the same heating carrier A and non-heating carrier B used in the above-mentioned continuous processing operation, and in order to clarify the possibility of high-concentration processing, the testing device 10 for heating carrier and the non-heating carrier The synthetic wastewater in each aeration tank 12 of the test apparatus 10 was replaced with synthetic wastewater of TOC (Total Organic Carbon, total organic carbon amount) 170 mg / L, and batch treatment was performed. In batch processing, the transition of TOC concentration was measured over time. Moreover, the TOC measurement of the obtained treated water was performed about the filtrate which filtered the treated water with 5A filter paper, and the removal rate of TOC about the heating carrier A and the non-heating carrier B was investigated.

  The removal rate of TOC is calculated by the following equation (1).

[Equation 1]
ds / dt = K × s (1)
However, s: Wastewater TOC concentration (mg / l)
T: Time (h)
K: removal rate constant (1 / h)
The results are shown in FIG.

As can be seen from FIG. 10, the TOC removal rate of the heated carrier A (Bacillus dominant carrier) is 0.532 h ⁻¹ , and the TOC removal rate of the non-heated carrier B (activated sludge carrier) is 0.280 h ⁻¹ . The TOC removal rate of the heated carrier A was about twice that of the non-heated carrier B. This means that in the case of wastewater having a medium concentration (load) with a TOC concentration of about 170 mg / L, the heating carrier A has about twice the treatment performance of the non-heating carrier B.

Example 4
Similar to Example 3, the results of testing the priority state of Bacillus using the test apparatus 10 of FIG. 6 for the heating carrier A and the non-heating carrier B using the bottom mud collected from the lake in Chiba Prefecture will be described. .

As a result, Bacillus colonies were always dominant in the heating carrier A using the bottom mud collected from the lake in Chiba Prefecture. Moreover, using the synthetic waste water mainly composed of peptone and meat extract in Table 4, the result of continuous treatment operation for 6 months in the test apparatus 10 of FIG. 6 shows that the number of Bacillus bacteria of the heating carrier before the continuous operation (initial carrier). Of 4 × 10 ⁵ (cells / ml) was 8 × 10 ⁹ (cells / ml) after completion of continuous operation, and it was found that accumulation culture was possible by continuous operation. On the other hand, in the case of the non-heated carrier B, although the total number of bacteria after the continuous operation was increased, the accumulation culture of Bacillus by the continuous operation was hardly observed. And as a colony form when carrying out the dilution plate culture of the heating support | carrier A after a continuous driving | operation, while the non-heating support | carrier grew various small colonies of white and yellow, on the heating support | carrier, a substantially uniform large colony was formed. Growing up. When 3% hydrogen peroxide was applied to the colony, the non-heated carrier foamed locally, whereas the heated carrier foamed violently and showed strong catalase activity. Moreover, as a result of identifying a large colony of the heating carrier A with an identification kit manufactured by bioMerieux, it was estimated that it was Bacillus.

  Thus, the same result was able to be obtained also when the kind of sludge was changed from the activated sludge of the sewage treatment plant of Example 3 to the bottom mud collected from the lake.

Further, as a result of testing the treatment performance of Bacillus using the test apparatus 10 of FIG. 6 for the heating carrier A and the non-heating carrier B, the TOC removal rate of the heating carrier A (Bacillus dominant carrier) is 0.432 h ^{−. 1} , the TOC removal rate of the non-heated carrier B was 0.200 h ⁻¹ , and the TOC removal rate of the heated carrier A was twice or more that of the non-heated carrier B.

(Example 5)
In Example 5, the heating carrier A and the non-heating carrier B were tested for the removal performance of BOD component, COD component, SS (suspended substance), and oil (n-hexane extract) at the food factory. is there.

  After completion of the test in Example 3 or 4, the synthetic wastewater in the aeration tank 12 was replaced with food factory wastewater, and was continuously treated with a residence time of 4 hours.

  Table 6 shows the case where activated sludge collected from the A sewage treatment plant in Chiba Prefecture is used, and Table 7 shows the case where bottom mud collected from the lake in Chiba Prefecture is used.

  As can be seen from the results in Tables 6 and 7, the treated water of the present invention using the heated carrier A is extracted from BOD, COD, and n-hexane as compared with the treated water of the conventional method using the non-heated carrier B. Had good results about. In particular, the decomposition performance of oil as COD and n-hexane extract was good. The reason why the decomposition performance of COD is good may be that Bacillus catalase oxidizes the COD component radically.

(Example 6)
In Example 6, the heating performance of the heating carrier A and the non-heating carrier B was examined, and the performance of blue sea urchin was examined. When activated sludge collected from the A sewage treatment plant in Chiba Prefecture was used, and sampled from the lake in Chiba Prefecture. This was done both when the bottom mud was used.

In the heating carrier A used in Example 6, 200 ml of immobilized microorganism carrier and 300 ml of tap water before heat treatment were placed in a 1 L Erlenmeyer flask and heated in an autoclave at 60 ° C. for 15 minutes. 200 ml of the thus produced heating carrier was put into a 4 L heating carrier aeration tank 12 and first cultured in synthetic waste water shown in Table 4 for one week. After culturing for one week, the synthetic wastewater in the aeration tank 12 was replaced with blue water containing lake water [containing blue water 10 ⁵ (cells / ml)] and continuously treated with a residence time of 24 hours.

As a conventional method, the non-heated carrier B is put into the aeration tank 12 for the non-heated carrier, and after culturing with the synthetic waste water shown in Table 4 in the same manner as in Example 6, the aqua-containing lake water [Aoko 10 ⁵ (cells / ml ) Contained] and continuously treated with a residence time of 24 hours.

As a result, the water scale in the treated water using the heating carrier A was stably reduced to 10 ² (cells / ml) or less, whereas the water scale in the treated water using the non-heated carrier B was 10 ⁴ to 10 ^5. (Cells / ml) was almost the same as the water content of raw water.

  In addition, since there were relatively few actinomycetes in the activated sludge of the A sewage treatment plant in Chiba Prefecture and the bottom mud collected from the lake in Chiba Prefecture used in Example 6, in such a case, As described above, the heat treatment is performed to accumulate Bacillus, so that the water can be effectively decomposed and removed.

(Example 7)
In Example 7, malodorous components such as mercaptans, hydrogen sulfide, and ammonia in the atmosphere were removed. When activated sludge collected from the A sewage treatment plant in Chiba Prefecture was used, and from a lake in Chiba Prefecture, Example 7 This was done both when the collected bottom mud was used.

  In the test, a fixed bed type filtration layer with a heating carrier A filling rate of 70% was provided in a 2 L column with a diameter of 5 cm and a height of 100 cm, and mercaptan-containing air was introduced from the lower end of the column. Then, after passing through a fixed bed filtration layer, the column was evacuated from the upper end. And the removal rate was calculated | required by measuring the mercaptan density | concentration of inflow gas and exhaust gas. The gas residence time in the column was 2 minutes.

  Similarly, air containing hydrogen sulfide and air containing ammonia gas were also used.

  As a result, a removal rate of 99% could be obtained in any of mercaptans, hydrogen sulfide, and ammonia.

Explanatory drawing explaining the relationship between the sludge concentration and the concentration of actinomycetes immobilized in the carrier, and the decomposition rate of the blue sea urchin The conceptual diagram which showed the manufacturing method of the heating carrier of this invention Figure showing the relationship between the heat treatment temperature and the number of Bacillus bacteria for activated sludge in a sewage treatment plant Figure showing the relationship between the heat treatment temperature and the number of Bacillus bacteria in the bottom mud of the lake The figure which showed many fixed microbial carriers before the heat processing made into the pellet form of 3 square mm Schematic diagram of test equipment that performed continuous processing operation for heated and non-heated carriers Diagram of growing colonies after culturing heated and non-heated carriers before continuous treatment on standard agar medium Figure of the total number of bacteria and the number of Bacillus in heated and non-heated carriers after the end of continuous processing operation Diagram of growing colonies after culturing heated and non-heated carriers on standard agar medium after continuous processing operation Diagram showing TOC removal performance of heated carrier and non-heated carrier Conceptual diagram showing the conventional immobilization method of immobilizing Bacillus after pure culture

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Test apparatus, 12 ... Aeration tank, 14 ... Carrier outflow prevention network, 16 ... Air supply pipe, A ... Heating carrier, B ... Non-heating carrier

Claims (6)

It is characterized by heat-treating an immobilized microbial carrier in which sludge containing Bacillus, a heat-resistant bacterium, is comprehensively immobilized ,
The method for producing a heating carrier, wherein the sludge includes activated sludge from a sewage treatment plant, bottom mud from lakes, rivers and seas, or soil from the surface . The method of manufacturing a heating carrier according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the heat treatment is 40 ° C or higher and 130 ° C or lower. A heating carrier manufactured by the heating carrier manufacturing method according to claim 1. A biological treatment is performed by contacting the heating carrier according to claim 3 with at least one of the inorganic and organic environmental pollutants constituting the oil component, the BOD component, the COD component, and the malodorous component. Environmental purification method characterized by. An environmental purification method, wherein biological treatment is performed by contacting the heating carrier according to claim 3 with surplus sludge generated by biological treatment. A method for environmental purification, wherein biological treatment is carried out by bringing the heating carrier according to claim 3 into contact with water containing or having a possibility of generating water.

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