JP4087630B2

JP4087630B2 - Roller with cage and speed reducer using the same

Info

Publication number: JP4087630B2
Application number: JP2002085319A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 靖明高橋; 克史阿部; 歩山本
Original assignee: NTN Corp
Current assignee: NTN Corp
Priority date: 2001-03-27
Filing date: 2002-03-26
Publication date: 2008-05-21
Anticipated expiration: 2022-03-26
Also published as: JP2003166540A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、一定のスペース内で大きな負荷容量を得る保持器付きころ、およびこれを用いた遊星歯車減速装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術と発明が解決しようとする課題】
一定のスペース内で最大の負荷容量を得る軸受として総ころ形式があるが、取り扱い上の問題点、すなわち組立、分解時の取扱性の悪さがあり、また、使用中の、ころスキュによる機能的な問題が内在している。
これらの問題を解決するため、保持器付きころが種々提案されている。保持器は、ころを保持するため、外側へのころ抜け止めと、内側へのころ抜け止めを必要とする。
【０００３】
図１１に示した保持器は、その一例を示す。同図の保持器７０は、断面Ｍ形をなし、ころピッチ円径ＰＣＤより小径の中央環状部７１と、ころピッチ円径ＰＣＤより大径の外方環状部７２と、外方環状部７２から内径側に折曲された鍔部７３，７３からなっている。この保持器７０は、ころ７４の外方への抜け止めを外方環状部７２で、また内方への抜け止めを中央環状部７１によって行う。すなわち、それぞれ環状部７１，７２の円周等配位置に、ころ７４を収容するポケット７５を形成しているが、このポケット７５に突出した係止片７６の幅を、ころ７４の外径よりも僅かに小さくしている。ころ７４の装着は、内径側から、ポケット７５の係止片７６を弾性変形させて行う。
【０００４】
一定スペース内（一定の内径、外径）で、保持器７０に組み込むころ７４の本数を増加させて行くと、図１１（Ｂ）の柱幅寸法ａが小さくなり、加工上の限界が出て来るだけでなく、保持器強度も低下する。そのため、同図の例のような保持器７０とは基本的に異なった構成の保持器が求められる。
また、遊星歯車減速装置における遊星歯車とクランク軸間に介在させる保持器付きころでは、保持器の鍔部面積の要求がある。すなわち、クランク軸の隣接する偏心軸部に２枚の遊星歯車を並べて設置したものでは、これら偏心軸部の偏心回転に伴い、保持器の鍔部が、隣接する遊星歯車の幅面と慴接する。そのため、鍔部の面積がある程度なければ、隣接する遊星歯車の内径に干渉してしまう恐れがある。
【０００５】
このような課題を解消するものとして、本出願人は、次のものを提案した（特開２０００−１７９５４４）。これは、図１２に示すように、外方部材８３および内方部材８４からなる保持器８１と、ころ８２とを備える。外方部材８３は、ころ配列のピッチ円径ＰＣＤより大径の環状部８３ａと、この環状部８３ａの軸方向両端部を内径側に折曲した鍔部８３ｂとを有する。内方部材８４はころ配列のピッチ円径ＰＣＤより小径の環状に形成する。これら外方部材８３の環状部８３ａおよび内方部材８４の円周方向複数箇所にポケット８５，８６を設け、外，内の部材８３，８４のポケット８５，８６にわたってころ８２を収容する。鍔付きとするのは、外，内のいずれの部材８３，８４であっても良い。
このように、保持器８１を外方部材８３と内方部材８４の２部品で構成した場合、ポケット間の柱部８７，８８を狭く加工することができて、限られたスペース内で多くのころ８２を収容することができる。また、片方の部材８３を鍔付きとするため、隣接部品と摺接するような場合にも、支障が生じない。
【０００６】
しかし、上記提案例のものは、組立性において課題があった。すなわち、この軸受の組立は、まず保持器８１における鍔付き側の部材８３のポケット８５内にころ８２を収容する。この後、ころ８２の配列の内接円に沿って鍔なし側の部材８４を弾性装着する（鍔なし側の部材が外方部材である場合は、外接円に沿って弾性装着する）。この弾性装着時に、鍔なし側の部材８４が弾性変形し難く、工数がかかることが判った。特に、鍔なし側の部材８４が金属製の場合は、寸法精度を厳しく管理しなければ、装着は難しい。
【０００７】
この発明の目的は、組立性に優れ、また一定のスペース内で大きな負荷容量を得ることができ、ころ案内機能、強度面、精度面でも優れ、保持器が隣接部品と摺接する場合にも支障のない保持器付きころを提供することである。
この発明の他の目的は、遊星歯車とクランク軸間に介在させる保持器付きころが、隣接する遊星歯車の内径に干渉する問題がなく、また組立性に優れ、ころ案内機能、強度面、精度面でも優れ、かつ一定のスペース内で大きな負荷容量を得ることができて、装置全体のコンパクト化が図れる遊星歯車減速装置を提供することである。
【０００８】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この発明における第１の発明の保持器付きころは、外方部材および内方部材からなる保持器とを備える。上記外方部材は、ころ配列のピッチ円径よりも大径の環状部と、この環状部の軸方向両端部から内径側に屈曲した鍔部とを有する。上記内方部材はころ配列のピッチ円径より小径の環状に形成する。上記外方部材の環状部および内方部材の円周方向複数箇所にポケットをそれぞれ設け、これら外方部材および内方部材のポケットにわたって上記ころを収容する。この構成の保持器付きころにおいて、上記内方部材が、上記ころの内接円径よりも小径に弾性変形させて縮径可能とされ、この内方部材は、弾性復元状態では、外方部材の鍔部の内径端面に弾性で押し付けられるものであり、上記内方部材のうち円周方向の１か所に、軸方向に延びるスリットが形成され、このスリットを介して対向する上記内方部材の円周方向の両端部が互いに径方向に係合可能な形状としてあり、この両端部の係合部分および被係合部分が、径方向に隙間を介して係合しない状態で嵌まりあい、上記内方部材の円周方向の両端部の径方向位置がずれると、上記係合部分および被係合部分が係合し合うことを特徴とする。
この構成によると、内方部材が、ころの内接円径よりも小径に縮径可能とされているため、組立時において、鍔付き側の部材である外方部材のポケットにころを収容した後、内方部材を装着するときに、内方部材を縮径状態としてころ配列の内径側から装着することができる。このため組立性に優れる。
上記内方部材の円周方向の両端部の断面形状により、スリットの形成部に隣接するころ等にラジアル方向の負荷が掛かって、内方部材を縮径させようとする力が生じた場合に、上記負荷に対して抵抗として作用し、内方部材の縮径が生じ難くなる。そのため、内方部材の全体の剛性を高める設計を採らなくても、内方部材の縮径によりころの脱落を防止でき、ころ脱落防止の機能が強化される。
上記内方部材の円周方向の両端部は、その断面形状がそれぞれＶ字状に突出する形状としたＶ字状の突出部分と、Ｖ溝状に凹んだ形状としたＶ溝状の凹み部分とを有するものとしても良い。
【０００９】
また、保持器を外方部材および内方部材の２部品としたため、外側へのころ抜け止めと、内側へのころ抜け止めの機能を、外方部材および内方部材にそれぞれ分担させることができ、各部材の機能が簡略化される。このため、外方部材および内方部材の形状がシンプルとなり、製造が容易となって、ポケット間の柱部分をどこまで狭くできるかの加工限界を上げることが可能となる。これにより、一定スペースでころ本数をできるだけ増やすことができ、最大の負荷容量を有するものとできる。また、このように外方部材および内方部材の形状がシンプルとなることから、ころ案内機能も向上し、強度面、精度面でも優れたものとできる。特に、柱部幅寸法の確保の厳しい内方部材の柱部の強度が低下する場合は、内方部材の板厚を外方部材よりも厚くすることも可能で、最適設計の自由度が高くなる。
また、外方部材に鍔部を設けたたため、鍔部にある程度の面積が確保でき、そのため、保持器が遊星歯車支持用のクランク軸等に設置されて隣接部品と摺接するような場合でも、保持器が遊星歯車等の隣接部品の内径面に干渉する等の支障が無くなる。
【００１０】
この発明における第２の発明の保持器付きころは、第１の発明とは、鍔付きとする部材を内外逆にしたものである。すなわち、この保持器付きころは、外方部材および内方部材からなる保持器と、ころとを備え、上記外方部材はころ配列のピッチ円径より大径の環状に形成し、内方部材は、ころ配列のピッチ円径よりも小径の環状部と、この環状部の軸方向両端部から外径側に屈曲した鍔部とを有し、上記外方部材および内方部材の環状部の円周方向複数箇所にポケットをそれぞれ設け、これら外方部材および内方部材のポケットにわたって上記ころを収容した保持器付きころにおいて、上記外方部材が、上記ころの外接円径よりも大径に弾性変形させて拡径可能とされていることを特徴とする。
この構成の場合、外方部材が、ころの外接円径よりも大径に拡径可能とされているため、組立時において、鍔付き側の部材である内方部材のポケットにころを収容した後、外方部材を装着するときに、外方部材を拡径状態としてころ配列の外径側から装着することができる。このため組立性に優れる。また、第１の発明の同様に、一定のスペース内で大きな負荷容量を得ることができ、ころ案内機能、強度面、精度面、ころ脱落防止の機能でも優れ、保持器が隣接部品と摺接する場合にも支障のないものとできる。
【００１２】
この発明において、上記外方部材のポケット間の柱部における長さ方向の１か所または複数箇所を、内径側へ凹む溝形屈曲部に形成しても良い。
このように柱部に溝形屈曲部を形成すると、ころ径が大きい場合に外方部材の板厚が薄くても、ころが外方部材の柱部を変形させて柱部の内側へ潜り込むことが防止される。また、溝形屈曲部を設けることにより、柱部ところとの接触部における通油性が向上し、保持器内部への潤滑油の循環性が向上する。
【００１３】
この発明の保持器付きころは、遊星歯車減速装置における遊星歯車とこの遊星歯車を支持するクランク軸との間に設置されるものとしても良い。
【００１４】
この発明の遊星歯車減速装置は、内歯または外歯の太陽歯車と、この太陽歯車と同心に回転自在に設けられたキャリアと、このキャリアに回転自在に支持されて隣接する複数の偏心軸部を有するクランク軸と、このクランク軸の前記各偏心軸部に保持器付きころを介して設置されて前記太陽歯車に噛み合う複数の遊星歯車とを備えた遊星歯車減速装置において、上記保持器付きころに、この発明の上記いずれかの構成の保持器付きころを用いる。すなわち、保持器付きころは、外方部材および内方部材からなる保持器と、これら外方部材および内方部材の周方向複数箇所に設けられたポケットに収容されて上記遊星歯車およびクランク軸の間で転動する複数のころから構成する。上記外方部材および内方部材は、各々ころ配列のピッチ円径よりも大径の環状部および小径の環状部で構成され、これら外方部材および内方部材のうち一方の部材は、上記環状部の軸方向両端に他方の部材側へ径方向に延びる鍔部を有する。他方の部材は、内方部材である場合はころ配列の内接円径よりも小径に弾性変形させて縮径可能とされ、この内方部材は、弾性復元状態では、外方部材の鍔部の内径端面に弾性で押し付けられるものであり、上記内方部材のうち円周方向の１か所に、軸方向に延びるスリットが形成され、このスリットを介して対向する上記内方部材の円周方向の両端部が互いに径方向に係合可能な形状としてあり、この両端部の係合部分および被係合部分が、径方向に隙間を介して係合しない状態で嵌まりあい、上記内方部材の円周方向の両端部の径方向位置がずれると、上記係合部分および被係合部分が係合し合うように構成され、
上記他方の部材が外方部材である場合はころ配列の外接円径よりも大径に弾性変形させて拡径可能とされ、この外方部材は、弾性復元状態では、内方部材の鍔部の外径端面に弾性で押し付けられるものであり、上記外方部材の円周方向の１か所に、軸方向に延びるスリットが形成され、このスリットを介して対向する上記外方部材の円周方向の両端部が互いに径方向に係合可能な形状としてあり、この両端部の係合部分および被係合部分が、隙間を介して係合しない状態で嵌まりあい、上記外方部材のスリット近傍にラジアル方向の外向きの負荷がかかったとき、上記係合部分および被係合部分が係合し合うように構成される。
このようにクランク軸に遊星歯車を設置した遊星歯車減速装置は、遊星歯車とクランク軸の間に介在する保持器付きころが、隣接する遊星歯車の内径に干渉することを防止する必要がある。この防止機能を保持器の鍔部で得ることができる。また、このような遊星歯車減速装置において、遊星歯車の支持には大荷重が必要となり、またその支持部は限られたスペースとなるが、上記の外方部材および内方部材の２部材に分けた保持器によると、このような限られたスペース内でころ本数の増加やころ径増大を図ることができ、大きな負荷容量を得ることができる。
【００１５】
【発明の実施の形態】
この発明の第１の参考提案例にかかる保持器付きころを、図１〜図３と共に説明する。この保持器付きころは、保持器１ところ２とからなり、保持器１は、外方部材３および内方部材４で構成される。外方部材３は、ころ配列のピッチ円ＰＣＤの径より大径の環状部３ａと、この環状部３ａの軸方向両端部から内径側に屈曲して延びる鍔部３ｂとを有する。内方部材４は、ころ配列のピッチ円ＰＣＤの径より小径の環状に形成する。これら外方部材３の環状部３ａおよび内方部材４は、円筒状のものであり、円周方向複数箇所に等間隔でポケット５，６をそれぞれ設ける。これら外方部材３および内方部材４のポケット５，６にわたって上記のころ２を収容する。外方部材３および内方部材４の隣合うポケット５間およびポケット６間の部分は、それぞれ柱部７，８となる。
【００１６】
鍔部付き側の部材である外方部材３は、図２に示すように、ポケット５の幅ｍが、ころ２の外径Ｄａよりも僅かに小さく、ころ２が外方に脱落するのを防止する。鍔無し側の内方部材４も同様に、ポケット６の幅ｎが、ころ２の外径Ｄａよりも僅かに小さい寸法に形成され、ころ２が内方に脱落するのを防止する。
鍔なし側の部材である内方部材４は、ころ２の配列の内接円径よりも小径に縮径可能なものとする。この例では、図１（Ｂ）に示すように、内方部材４は、円周方向の１か所にスリット９を形成することよって、有端形状としてある。すなわち、内方部材４は、円周方向の１か所割りの割り筒としてある。スリット９の形成箇所は、内方部材４のポケット６のある箇所であっても、柱部８となる箇所であっても良い。内方部材４は、弾性復元状態では、外方部材３の鍔部３ｂの内径端面に弾性で押し付けられるものでも、外方部材３と内方部材４の間に隙間があっても良い。
【００１７】
この構成によると、組立に際して、鍔付き側の部材である外方部材３のポケット５にころ２を収容した後、内方部材４を装着する。内方部材４は縮径状態としてころ配列の内径側から装着する。このとき、内方部材４は、有端状としてあるため、容易にころ配列の内接円径よりも小径に弾性変形させることができる。このため組立性に優れる。
使用時においては、保持器１を外方部材３と内方部材３との独立した２部材で構成し、外方および内方へのころ２の脱落防止機能をそれぞれの部材３，４に分担させたため、製造が容易で加工上の限界が緩和され、一定のスペース内で、ころ２の本数の増加、ころ径の増大を図って大きな負荷容量を得ることができ、また、ころ案内機能も向上し、強度面、精度面でも優れたものとできる。しかも、外方部材３に鍔部３ｂを設けたため、保持器１が隣接部品と摺接する場合にも隣接部品の内径面等と干渉することが防止される。
【００１８】
図４は、この発明の他の実施形態にかかる保持器付きころの正面図であり、図５はその部分拡大図である。この実施形態は、第１の参考提案例にかかる保持器付きころにおいて、スリット９の断面形状を、このスリット９を介して対向する内方部材４の円周方向の両端部４ａ，４ｂが互いに径方向に係合可能な形状としたものである。両端部４ａ，４ｂの断面形状は、それぞれＶ字状に突出する形状、およびＶ溝状に凹んだ形状としてあり、そのＶ字状の突出部分およびＶ溝状の凹み部分が、隙間を介して嵌まりあっている。両端部４ａ，４ｂは、径方向に係合可能であれば良く、常時は図５に示すように径方向に隙間を生じていて係合していない。両端部４ａ，４ｂの径方向位置がずれると、係合を生じる。また、この係合は、外方部材３と内方部材４を互いに組み立てた状態で生じるようにすれば良く、内方部材４の単独状態、つまり内方部材４が自然に拡径した状態では、両端部４ａ，４ｂが円周方向に離れるため、係合が生じない。
【００１９】
このように、スリット９を互いに径方向に係合可能な断面形状とした場合、次の利点が得られる。すなわち、スリット９の形成部に隣接するころ２等にラジアル方向の負荷Ｆが掛かって、内方部材４を縮径させようとする力が生じた場合に、単にスリット９を形成した図１の形状の場合は、両端が連結されていないために撓みが生じ易く、内方部材４が縮径してころ２が脱落することが考えられる。そのため内方部材４の全体の剛性を高くする必要がある。しかし、この実施形態のように、スリット９を互いに径方向に係合可能な形状とすると、若干の撓みが生じたときに、スリット９を介して対向する両端部４ａ，４ｂが互いに係合し合う。このため、内方部材１の上記負荷Ｆが掛かった端部４ａの付近に対する反対側の端部４ｂの付近の剛性も、上記負荷Ｆに対して抵抗として作用し、内方部材１の縮径が生じ難くなる。反対側の端部４ｂの付近にラジアル方向の負荷Ｆｂが作用した場合も、上記と同様に内方部材１の縮径が生じ難くなる。そのため、内方部材４の全体の剛性を高める設計を採らなくても、内方部材４の縮径によるころ２の脱落を防止でき、ころ脱落防止の機能が強化される。この実施形態におけるその他の構成，効果は第１の参考提案例と同じである。
【００２０】
このような係合を生じさせるスリット９の断面形状は、両端部４ａ，４ｂが互いに係合可能であって、内方部材４のスリット９による縮径を可能とする形状であれば良く、例えば図６（Ａ）〜（Ｃ）にそれぞれ示す形状など、各種の形状が採用できる。
図６（Ａ）の例は、内方部材４のスリット９を形成する両端部４ａ，４ｂの断面形状を、それぞれ複数のＶ溝状部分が平行に並ぶ形状、およびＶ字状に突出する部分が平行に並ぶ形状としてある。各突出部分とＶ溝状部分は、隙間を介して嵌まり合う。
図６（Ｂ）の例は、内方部材４のスリット９を形成する両端部４ａ，４ｂの断面形状を、それぞれ断面矩形の突条４ａａを設けた形状、およびこの突条４ａａに噛み合う断面矩形の溝部４ｂａを有する形状としたものである。突条４ａａの両側面は、溝部４ｂａの両側面に接触していても良い。つまり、通常状態において、両端部４ａ，４ｂが径方向に対して既に係合した状態であっても良い。
図６（Ｃ）の例は、図６（Ｂ）の例において、突条４ａａおよび溝部４ｂａの断面形状を、先端が円弧状となる突条、および底面が円弧状となる形状としたものである。
【００２１】
図７は、この発明のさらに他の実施形態を示す。この実施形態は、いわば第１の参考提案例の外方部材３と内方部材４との構成を逆にしたものである。
外方部材３Ａは、ころ配列のピッチ円ＰＣＤの径より大径の環状に形成する。内方部材４Ａは、ころ配列のピッチ円径ＰＣＤより小径の環状部４Ａａと、この環状部４Ａａの軸方向両端部から外径側に屈曲して延びる鍔部４Ａｂとを有する。これら外方部材３Ａおよび内方部材４Ａの環状部４Ａａには円周方向複数箇所に等間隔でポケット５Ａ，６Ａをそれぞれ設け、両ポケット５Ａ，６Ａにわたってころ２を収容する。
【００２２】
鍔なし側の部材である外方部材３Ａは、ころ２の配列の外接円径よりも大径に拡径可能なものとする。この例では図７（Ｂ）に示すように、外方部材３Ａは、円周方向の１か所にスリット９Ａを形成することよって、有端状としてある。すなわち、外方部材３Ａは、円周方向の１か所割りの割り筒としてある。スリット９Ａの形成箇所は、外方部材３Ａのポケット６Ａのある箇所であっても、柱部８Ａとなる箇所であっても良い。外方部材３Ａは、弾性復元状態では、内方部材４Ａの鍔部４Ａｂの外径端面に弾性で押し付けられるものとしてある。
【００２３】
この構成の場合、組立に際して、鍔付き側の部材である内方部材４Ａのポケット６Ａにころ２を収容した後、外方部材３Ａを装着する。外方部材３Ａは拡径状態としてころ配列の外径側から装着する。このとき、外方部材３Ａは、有端状としてあるため、容易にころ配列の内接円径よりも小径に弾性変形させることができる。このため組立性に優れる。
この実施形態においても、一定のスペース内で大きな負荷容量を得ることができ、ころ案内機能、強度面、精度面でも優れ、保持器１Ａが隣接部品と摺接する場合にも支障がないことは、上記実施形態と同様である。
【００２４】
ただし、この実施形態の場合、外方部材３Ａは、内方部材４Ａよりも軸方向長さを短く設定することが好ましい。これは、次の理由による。外方部材３Ａに一つ割りを使用した場合、軸受の回転による遠心力の発生で、割り口が開き、外方部材３Ａが緩んで軸方向に移動する恐れがある。外方部材３Ａの軸方向長さを短くしてあると、外方部材３Ａが緩みにより軸方向に若干移動しても、内方部材４Ａの鍔部４Ａｂよりも軸方向に突出することが防止され、隣接部品との干渉の問題が避けられる。外方部材３Ａにはポケット５Ａ内にころ２が入っているため、外方部材３Ａが緩みにより軸方向に移動する距離は、最大でポケット隙間δの２倍である。したがって、外方部材３Ａの長さは、次のようにポケット軸方向隙間δを加味して設定する。例えば、
（外方部材軸方向長さ）≦（内方部材軸方向長さ−２×δ）
とする。
また、内方部材４Ａの鍔部４Ａｂの先端部を幅方向の内側が低くなる段付き形状とし、外方部材３Ａが鍔部４Ａｂの低くなった部分に嵌り込むようにしてもよい。このように、鍔部の先端を段付きとして鍔なし側の部材を嵌り込むようにする構成は、第１の実施形態のように外方部材を鍔付き側の部材とする場合にも適用できる。
【００２５】
このように外方部材３Ａを鍔なし側とした実施形態においても、スリット９Ａの形状は、図４ないし図６にそれぞれ示す実施形態等と同様に、スリット９Ａを介して対向する外方部材３Ａの円周方向の両端部が互いに径方向に係合可能な形状としても良い。これにより、スリット９Ａの近傍のころ２等により、ラジアル方向の外向きの負荷が掛かって、外方部材３Ａを拡径させようとする力が生じた場合に、外方部材３Ａが拡径し難くなり、ころ２の脱落防止機能が向上する。
【００２６】
なお、上記の外方部材３Ａと内方部材４Ａの軸方向長さの関係は、内方部材４Ａを鍔付きとした場合の例につき説明したが、第１の実施形態のように、外方部材３を鍔付き側とした場合は、外方部材３は内方部材４よりも軸方向長さを長く設定することが好ましい。
外方部材３を鍔付き側とした場合は、例えば、
（外方部材軸方向長さ）≧（内方部材軸方向長さ＋２×δ）
とすることが好ましい。δはポケット軸方向隙間である。
【００２７】
上記各実施形態において、保持器１，１Ａにおける鍔なし側の部材４，３Ａの製法および材質は、次のようにできる。例えば、鍔なし側の部材４，３Ａは、帯板を丸めて両端を溶接した後に、円周方向の１か所で分割しても良く、また単に帯板を丸めても良い。丸めて溶接した後に分割するのは、分割端部の真円精度が得易いからである。鍔なし側の部材４，３Ａの使用材料は、上記帯板から加工する場合であっても、その他の加工方法による場合であっても、例えば低炭素鋼、またはばね鋼等を使用し、熱処理を行ったものとできる。熱処理は、浸炭焼入れ等の焼入れとし、またはさらにその後に焼き戻しを行うようにしても良い。焼入れの代わりに、軟窒化処理等の表面硬化処理を行っても良い。鍔なし側の部材４，３Ａは、削り出し、またはプレス加工で形成したものであっても良い。鍔なし側の部材４，３Ａの使用材料は、鉄系材料等の金属系材料であっても、合成樹脂材料であっても良い。鍔付き側の部材３，４Ａの使用材料も、金属系材料であっても、合成樹脂材料であっても良い。
【００２８】
なお、上記各実施形態は、いずれも鍔なし側の部材４，３Ａを、円周方向の１か所でスリット９により分割された有端状としたが、鍔なし側の部材４，３Ａを、軸方向長さの全長に達しないスリット（図示せず）を円周方向の複数箇所に設けたものとしても良い。このようにスリットを形成した場合も、弾性変形による縮径または拡径が容易となる。
また、このような軸方向長さの全長に達しないスリットを設ける場合に、そのスリットの断面形状を、このスリットを介して対向する鍔なし側の部材４，３Ａの円周方向の両端部が互いに径方向に係合可能な形状としても良い。
また、上記各実施形態は、いずれも外方部材３，３Ａおよび内方部材４，４Ａの環状部３ａ，４Ａａが、ポケット間に柱部を形成するものとしたが、これら環状部３ａ，４Ａａは、柱部に代えて爪部を形成するものとしても良い。
【００２９】
図８（Ａ），（Ｂ）は、この発明のさらに他の実施形態を示す。この実施形態は、図１〜図３に示す第１の参考提案例において、外方部材３のポケット５間の柱部７における長さ方向の１か所を、内径側へ凹む溝形屈曲部１１に形成したものである。溝形屈曲部１１は、保持器１の軸方向に沿う断面形状が溝形となった部分であり、柱部７の柱幅の全体が溝形とされている。溝形屈曲部１１は、内外両面とも内径側へ凹んでおり、柱部７の板厚は、溝形屈曲部１１とその他の部分とが略同じとされている。溝形屈曲部１１の溝形状は、台形状とされている。溝形屈曲部１１は、柱部７の長さ方向の中央に形成してあり、その幅は柱部７の長さの１／３ないし１／２程度としてある。溝形屈曲部１１の溝深さは、例えば柱部７の板厚と同程度とされる。なお、溝形屈曲部１１は、柱部７の長さ方向の複数箇所に設けても良い。外方部材３の材質は、鋼板等の金属板のプレス成形品であっても、鋼材等の金属材の削り出し品であっても良い。この実施形態におけるその他の構成は、第１の参考提案例と同じである。
【００３０】
この実施形態のように柱部７に溝形屈曲部１１を形成した場合、ころ２が外方部材３の柱部７の内側へ潜り込むことが防止される。また、溝形屈曲部１１を設けることにより、柱部７ところ２との接触部における通油性が向上し、保持器１の内部への潤滑油の循環性が向上する。
【００３１】
上記潜り込みにつき説明する。保持器１の外方部材３をプレス加工品とする場合、その板厚ｔの上限には制限がある。図８（Ｃ）は、図１に示す第１の参考提案例において、ころ２の径が大きい場合を、比較のために示したものである。図８（Ｃ）における角度αは、柱部７におけるころ２の案内部（ころ接触部）７ａと、ころ２の中心とを通る直線が、ころ中心における保持器半径方向と直交する線に対して成す角度である。この案内部角度αは、軸受機能上、できるだけ小さいことが望ましい。しかし、図８（Ｃ）のように、(1) ころ径が大きく、(2) 保持器１は外径案内されなくてはならず、かつ(3) 外方部材３の板厚ｔをそれ以上大きくできない場合は、案内部角度αが大きくなってしまう。案内部角度αが大きくなると、負荷荷重により、ころ２が柱部７の案内部７ａを外径側へ変形させて柱部７の下に潜り込む恐れが生じる。
このような潜り込みに対して、図８（Ａ）のように、溝形屈曲部１１が設けてあると、同図（Ｂ）のように柱部７の案内部７ａは、溝形屈曲部１１の底部となって、柱部７が直線状の場合よりも内径側に位置する。そのため、案内部角度αが小さくなり、潜り込みが生じ難くなる。
【００３２】
保持器１の外方部材３を削り出し加工品とする場合は、その板厚ｔは任意に調整することができるが、潜り込みを防止するために板厚ｔを厚くすると、保持器１の重量が増大し、機能面、および材料コストの面で好ましくない。このため、外方部材３が削り出し品の場合も、溝形屈曲部１１が設けてあると、保持器重量の増大を避け、またそれによる機能低下，材料コスト増大を抑えながら、潜り込みを防止することができる。また、溝形屈曲部１１により保持器１内の潤滑油の循環性を向上させる作用は、プレス加工品の場合と同様に得られる。
【００３３】
なお、図８の実施形態は、外方部材３を鍔付きした例について説明したが、図７に示す実施形態等のように、外方部材３Ａを鍔無しとして内方部材４Ａを鍔付とした場合にも、外方部材３Ａに溝形屈曲部１１を設けることで、潜り込みの防止効果、および潤滑油の循環性向上の効果が得られる。
【００３４】
図９，図１０は、この発明の保持器付きころを応用した遊星歯車減速装置の一例を示す。この遊星歯車減速装置は、内歯のリング歯車２１と、回転出力部となるキャリア２２と、このキャリア２２に回転自在に支持されて隣接する複数の偏心軸部２３ａ，２３ｂを有するクランク軸２３と、このクランク軸２３の各偏心軸部２３ａ，２３ｂに回転自在に設置されてリング歯車２１に噛み合う複数の遊星歯車２４，２５と、クランク軸２３に回転を入力する回転入力部２６とを有する。リング歯車２１は、内歯の太陽歯車のことである。リング歯車２１はハウジング２７に固定され、キャリア２２はリング歯車２１と同心に回転自在なように、軸受２８（図１０）を介してハウジング２７に設置されている。回転入力部２６は、リング歯車２１と同心の入力軸２９と、各クランク軸２３に設けられて入力軸２９の歯車部に噛み合う伝達歯車３０とで構成される。クランク軸２３は、キャリア２２の円周方向複数箇所（例えば３箇所）に設けられている。遊星歯車２４，２５は、図１０に示すように、各々保持器付きころ３１を介してクランク軸２３の偏心軸部２３ａ，２３ｂに設置されている。この保持器付きころ３１に、この発明の保持器付きころ、例えば上記第１または第２の実施形態の保持器付きころが用いられる。
【００３５】
この遊星歯車減速装置の動作を説明する。中心の入力軸２９を回転させると、伝達歯車３０を介して３本のクランク軸２３が互いに同期して回転する。ここで、１段目の減速が行われる。クランク軸２３と遊星歯車２４，２５とは、保持器付きころ３１を介して連結されており、クランク軸２３の振れ回りは、遊星歯車２４，２５が内歯のリング歯車２１の内側を回るときの公転と自転の合成運動に同期する。軸方向に並ぶ２枚の遊星歯車２４，２５は、互いに１８０°位相がずれた状態で内歯リング歯車２１の内周を公転する。このため、２枚の遊星歯車２４，２５の振れ回りによる慣性力は打ち消し合う。内歯リング歯車２１は固定してあり、遊星歯車２４，２５は内歯リング歯車２１の内周を回る。３本のクランク軸２３は、出力部材となるキャリア２２の２枚の円盤部２２ａ，２２ｂの間に挟まっている。したがって、遊星歯車２４，２５の公転は、クランク軸２３の公転を通じてキャリア２２に達し、減速された回転運動が得られる。
【００３６】
この構成の遊星歯車減速装置は、遊星歯車２４，２５とクランク軸２３の間に介在した保持器付きころ３１に、大きな負荷が作用し、しかもこの保持器付きころ３１の設置スペースは、減速装置全体の大型化を避けるために限られたスペースとなる。また、この保持器付きころ３１の保持器は、隣接する遊星歯車２４，２５の幅面と摺接する。しかし、上記各実施形態の保持器付きころによると、限られたスペース内で大きな負荷容量を得ることができ、また外方部材３または内方部材４のいずれかに、他方の部材側へ突出する鍔部３ｂを有しているため、隣接する互いに偏心した遊星歯車２４，２５の幅面との摺接によっても、その遊星歯車２４，２５の内径面に干渉する問題が生じない。
【００３７】
【発明の効果】
この発明の保持器付きころは、保持器を外方部材と内方部材との独立した２部材で構成したものにおいて、鍔なし側の部材を、内方部材である場合はころ配列の内接円径よりも小径に縮径可能とし、外方部材である場合はころ配列の外接円径よりも大径に拡径可能としたため、組立性に優れる。また、保持器を外方部材と内方部材との独立した２部材で構成で構成し、外方および内方へのころの脱落防止機能をそれぞれの部材に分担させたため、製造が容易で加工上の限界が緩和され、一定のスペース内で、ころ本数の増加、ころ径の増大を図って最大の負荷容量を得ることができ、また、ころ案内機能も向上し、強度面、精度面でも優れたものとできる。しかも、外方部材および内方部材の一方には鍔部を設けたため、保持器が隣接部品と摺接する場合にも、隣接部品の内径面等と干渉することが防止される。
上記鍔なし側の部材が内方部材である場合、この内方部材は、弾性復元状態では、外方部材の鍔部の内径端面に弾性で押し付けられるものであり、上記内方部材のうち円周方向の１か所に、軸方向に延びるスリットが形成され、このスリットを介して対向する上記内方部材の円周方向の両端部が互いに径方向に係合可能な形状としてあり、この両端部の係合部分および被係合部分が、径方向に隙間を介して係合しない状態で嵌まりあい、上記内方部材の円周方向の両端部の径方向位置がずれると、上記係合部分および被係合部分が係合し合うように構成される。
上記内方部材の円周方向の両端部の断面形状により、スリットの形成部に隣接するころ等にラジアル方向の負荷が掛かって、内方部材を縮径させようとする力が生じた場合に、上記負荷に対して抵抗として作用し、内方部材の縮径が生じ難くなる。そのため、内方部材の全体の剛性を高める設計を採らなくても、内方部材の縮径によりころの脱落を防止でき、ころ脱落防止の機能が強化される。
上記他方の部材が外方部材である場合はころ配列の外接円径よりも大径に弾性変形させて拡径可能とされ、この外方部材は、弾性復元状態では、内方部材の鍔部の外径端面に弾性で押し付けられるものであり、上記外方部材の円周方向の１か所に、軸方向に延びるスリットが形成され、このスリットを介して対向する上記外方部材の円周方向の両端部が互いに径方向に係合可能な形状としてあり、この両端部の係合部分および被係合部分が、隙間を介して係合しない状態で嵌まりあい、上記外方部材のスリット近傍にラジアル方向の外向きの負荷がかかったとき、上記係合部分および被係合部分が係合し合うように構成される。この場合も、ころ脱落防止の機能が強化される。
この発明の遊星歯車減速装置は、遊星歯車とクランク軸間に保持器付きころを介在させた構成でありながら、隣接する遊星歯車の内径に保持器が干渉する問題がなく、また、保持器付きころにおけるころ案内機能、強度面、精度面でも優れ、かつ一定のスペース内で大きな負荷容量を得ることができて、装置全体のコンパクト化を図ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】（Ａ）はこの発明の第１の参考提案例にかかる保持器付きころの縦断面図、（Ｂ）はその正面図である。
【図２】同保持器付きころの破断正面図である。
【図３】同保持器付きころの部分拡大断面図である。
【図４】この発明の実施形態にかかる保持器付きころの正面図である。
【図５】同保持器付きころの部分拡大正面図である。
【図６】（Ａ）〜（Ｃ）はそれぞれこの発明の他の実施形態にかかる保持器付きころの部分拡大正面図である。
【図７】（Ａ）はこの発明のさらに他の実施形態にかかる保持器付きころの縦断面図、（Ｂ）はその正面図である。
【図８】（Ａ）はこの発明のさらに他の実施形態にかかる保持器付きころの部分縦断面図、（Ｂ）はそのVIII-VIII 線断面図、（Ｃ）はさらに他の実施形態の断面図である。
【図９】同保持器付きころを用いた遊星歯車減速装置の模式図である。
【図１０】同遊星歯車減速装置の部分切欠側面図である。
【図１１】（Ａ）は従来の保持器付きころの保持器の部分斜視図、（Ｂ）はその保持器付きころの部分断面図である。
【図１２】他の従来例の部分縦断面図および部分横断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１…保持器
２…ころ
３…外方部材
３ａ…環状部
３ｂ…鍔部
４…内方部材
５，６…ポケット
１Ａ…保持器
２Ａ…ころ
３Ａ…外方部材
３Ａａ…環状部
３Ａｂ…鍔部
４Ａ…内方部材
５Ａ，６Ａ…ポケット
２１…リング歯車（太陽歯車）
２２…キャリア
２３…クランク軸
２３ａ，２３ｂ…偏心軸部
２４，２５…遊星歯車
２６…入力部
３１…保持器付きころ
ＰＣＤ…ピッチ円径[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a roller with a cage that obtains a large load capacity within a fixed space, and a planetary gear reduction device using the roller.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention]
There is a full-roller type as a bearing that obtains the maximum load capacity within a certain space, but there are problems in handling, that is, poor handling when assembling and disassembling, and functional due to the roller skew in use. Problems are inherent.
In order to solve these problems, various rollers with cages have been proposed. In order to hold the rollers, the cage needs to prevent the rollers from coming out and to the inside.
[0003]
An example of the cage shown in FIG. 11 is shown. The cage 70 in the figure has an M-shaped cross section, and includes a central annular portion 71 having a diameter smaller than the roller pitch circle diameter PCD, an outer annular portion 72 having a diameter larger than the roller pitch circle diameter PCD, and an outer annular portion 72. It consists of flanges 73, 73 bent to the inner diameter side. The retainer 70 prevents the rollers 74 from coming off outwardly by the outer annular portion 72, and prevents the rollers 74 from coming inward by the central annular portion 71. That is, the pockets 75 for accommodating the rollers 74 are formed at the circumferentially equidistant positions of the annular portions 71 and 72, respectively. The width of the locking piece 76 projecting into the pockets 75 is made larger than the outer diameter of the rollers 74. Is also slightly smaller. The roller 74 is mounted by elastically deforming the locking piece 76 of the pocket 75 from the inner diameter side.
[0004]
If the number of rollers 74 incorporated in the cage 70 is increased within a certain space (constant inner diameter and outer diameter), the column width dimension a in FIG. Not only will it come, but the cage strength will also decrease. Therefore, a cage having a configuration fundamentally different from the cage 70 as in the example of FIG.
Moreover, in the roller with a cage interposed between the planetary gear and the crankshaft in the planetary gear reduction device, there is a demand for the flange area of the cage. That is, in the case where two planetary gears are arranged side by side on the adjacent eccentric shaft portions of the crankshaft, the flange portion of the cage comes into contact with the width surface of the adjacent planetary gear as the eccentric shaft portions rotate eccentrically. Therefore, if there is no area of the collar part, there is a possibility of interfering with the inner diameter of the adjacent planetary gear.
[0005]
In order to solve such a problem, the present applicant has proposed the following (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-179544). As shown in FIG. 12, this includes a cage 81 composed of an outer member 83 and an inner member 84, and rollers 82. The outer member 83 includes an annular portion 83a having a diameter larger than the pitch circle diameter PCD of the roller arrangement, and a flange portion 83b obtained by bending both axial ends of the annular portion 83a toward the inner diameter side. The inner member 84 is formed in an annular shape having a smaller diameter than the pitch circle diameter PCD of the roller arrangement. Pockets 85 and 86 are provided at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction of the annular portion 83 a of the outer member 83 and the inner member 84, and the rollers 82 are accommodated across the pockets 85 and 86 of the outer and inner members 83 and 84. Any of the members 83 and 84 on the outside and the inside may be provided with a hook.
As described above, when the cage 81 is composed of the two parts of the outer member 83 and the inner member 84, the column portions 87 and 88 between the pockets can be processed narrowly, and a lot of the space is limited in a limited space. Rollers 82 can be accommodated. In addition, since one member 83 is provided with a hook, there is no problem even when it comes into sliding contact with an adjacent part.
[0006]
However, the proposed example has a problem in assembling. That is, in assembling the bearing, first, the roller 82 is accommodated in the pocket 85 of the flanged member 83 of the cage 81. Thereafter, the wrinkleless member 84 is elastically mounted along the inscribed circle of the arrangement of the rollers 82 (if the wrinkleless member is an outer member, it is elastically mounted along the circumscribed circle). At the time of this elastic mounting, it has been found that the wrinkleless member 84 is difficult to elastically deform and takes a lot of man-hour. In particular, when the wrinkleless member 84 is made of metal, it is difficult to mount unless the dimensional accuracy is strictly controlled.
[0007]
The object of the present invention is excellent in assemblability, can obtain a large load capacity in a fixed space, is excellent in terms of roller guide function, strength and accuracy, and has a problem even when the cage is in sliding contact with adjacent parts. It is to provide a roller with a cage.
Another object of the present invention is that the roller with a cage interposed between the planetary gear and the crankshaft has no problem of interfering with the inner diameter of the adjacent planetary gear, and is excellent in assembling, roller guide function, strength surface, accuracy Another object of the present invention is to provide a planetary gear reduction device that is excellent in terms of surface and that can obtain a large load capacity within a certain space and can be made compact as a whole.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  According to a first aspect of the present invention, the roller with cage includes an outer member and a cage made of an inner member. The outer member includes an annular portion having a diameter larger than the pitch circle diameter of the roller arrangement, and a flange portion bent toward the inner diameter side from both axial end portions of the annular portion. The inner member is formed in an annular shape having a smaller diameter than the pitch circle diameter of the roller arrangement. Pockets are respectively provided at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction of the annular portion of the outer member and the inner member, and the rollers are accommodated across the pockets of the outer member and the inner member. In the roller with cage of this configuration, the inner member has a smaller diameter than the inscribed circle diameter of the roller.Elastically deformedCan be reduced in diameterIn the elastic recovery state, the inner member is elastically pressed against the inner diameter end surface of the flange portion of the outer member, and extends in the axial direction at one of the inner members in the circumferential direction. A slit is formed, and both end portions in the circumferential direction of the inner member facing each other through the slit are configured to be able to engage with each other in the radial direction. When the radial position of both ends in the circumferential direction of the inner member is shifted in a state where they are not engaged through a gap in the radial direction, the engaged portion and the engaged portion are engaged with each other.And features.
  According to this configuration, since the inner member can be reduced in diameter to a diameter smaller than the inscribed circle diameter of the roller, the roller is accommodated in the pocket of the outer member that is a member on the flange side at the time of assembly. Thereafter, when the inner member is mounted, the inner member can be mounted from the inner diameter side of the roller arrangement in a reduced diameter state. For this reason, it is excellent in assemblability.
  When a radial load is applied to the rollers adjacent to the slit forming portion due to the cross-sectional shape of both ends in the circumferential direction of the inner member, and a force is generated to reduce the diameter of the inner member. It acts as a resistance against the load, and the inner member is less likely to be reduced in diameter. Therefore, even if it does not take the design which raises the rigidity of the whole inner member, the fall of a roller can be prevented by the diameter reduction of an inner member, and the function of roller fall prevention is strengthened.
  At both ends in the circumferential direction of the inner member, a V-shaped protruding portion whose cross-sectional shape protrudes in a V-shape and a V-groove-shaped recessed portion whose shape is recessed in a V-groove shape are provided. It is good also as having.
[0009]
In addition, since the cage is made up of two parts, an outer member and an inner member, the outer member and the inner member can share the functions of preventing the roller from being removed outward and preventing the roller from being removed from the inside. The function of each member is simplified. For this reason, the shape of the outer member and the inner member becomes simple, the manufacturing becomes easy, and it becomes possible to increase the processing limit of how narrow the column portion between the pockets can be. Thereby, the number of rollers can be increased as much as possible in a fixed space, and the maximum load capacity can be obtained. Further, since the shapes of the outer member and the inner member are simplified as described above, the roller guide function is improved, and the strength and accuracy can be improved. In particular, when the strength of the pillar portion of the inner member, which is difficult to secure the width of the pillar portion, is reduced, the inner member can be made thicker than the outer member, and the degree of freedom in optimum design is high. Become.
In addition, since the outer member is provided with a collar, a certain area can be secured in the collar, so that even when the cage is installed on a planetary gear supporting crankshaft or the like and is in sliding contact with an adjacent part, There is no trouble such as the cage interfering with the inner diameter surface of an adjacent part such as a planetary gear.
[0010]
  The roller with cage according to the second aspect of the present invention is different from the first aspect in that the member to be hooked is reversed inside and out. That is, this roller with cage includes a cage composed of an outer member and an inner member, and a roller, and the outer member is formed in an annular shape having a diameter larger than the pitch circle diameter of the roller arrangement, and the inner member Has an annular portion having a diameter smaller than the pitch circle diameter of the roller arrangement, and a flange portion bent from the both axial ends of the annular portion to the outer diameter side, and the annular portions of the outer member and the inner member are In a roller with a retainer in which pockets are respectively provided at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction and the rollers are accommodated across the pockets of the outer member and the inner member, the outer member has a larger diameter than the circumscribed circle diameter of the rollers.Elastically deformedIt is possible to expand the diameter.
  In this configuration, since the outer member can be expanded to a diameter larger than the circumscribed circle diameter of the roller, the roller is accommodated in the pocket of the inner member that is the member on the flange side during assembly. Later, when mounting the outer member, the outer member can be mounted from the outer diameter side of the roller arrangement in a diameter-expanded state. For this reason, it is excellent in assemblability. Further, as in the first invention, a large load capacity can be obtained in a certain space, and the roller guide function, strength surface, accuracy surface, Roll-off prevention functionHowever, it is excellent, and even when the cage is in sliding contact with an adjacent part, there is no problem.
[0012]
In the present invention, one or more portions in the length direction in the column portion between the pockets of the outer member may be formed in a groove-shaped bent portion that is recessed toward the inner diameter side.
When the groove-shaped bent part is formed in the column part in this way, even when the roller diameter is large, even if the outer member is thin, the roller deforms the column part of the outer member and enters the inside of the column part. Is prevented. Further, by providing the groove-shaped bent portion, the oil permeability at the contact portion with the column portion is improved, and the circulation property of the lubricating oil into the cage is improved.
[0013]
The roller with cage according to the present invention may be installed between a planetary gear in a planetary gear reduction device and a crankshaft that supports the planetary gear.
[0014]
  A planetary gear speed reduction device according to the present invention includes an internal or external sun gear, a carrier rotatably provided concentrically with the sun gear, and a plurality of adjacent eccentric shaft portions rotatably supported by the carrier. A planetary gear reduction device comprising: a crankshaft having a plurality of planetary gears that are installed on the eccentric shaft portions of the crankshaft via rollers with cages and mesh with the sun gear. In addition, the roller with cage having any one of the above-described configurations of the present invention is used. That is, the roller with cage is housed in a cage formed of an outer member and an inner member, and pockets provided in a plurality of circumferential directions of the outer member and the inner member, and the planetary gear and the crankshaft. It consists of multiple rollers that roll between. The outer member and the inner member are each composed of an annular portion having a diameter larger than the pitch circle diameter of the roller arrangement and a small-diameter annular portion, and one of the outer member and the inner member is the annular member. It has a collar part which extends in the diameter direction to the other member side at the axial direction both ends of the part. When the other member is an inward member, it has a smaller diameter than the inscribed circle diameter of the roller arrangement.Elastically deformedThe diameter can be reduced,The inner member is elastically pressed against the inner diameter end surface of the flange portion of the outer member in the elastic restoration state, and a slit extending in the axial direction is provided at one place in the circumferential direction of the inner member. The both ends in the circumferential direction of the inner member that are formed and are opposed to each other through the slit have a shape that can be engaged with each other in the radial direction, and the engaging portion and the engaged portion at the both ends are in the radial direction. The engagement portion and the engaged portion are engaged with each other when the radial positions of both ends in the circumferential direction of the inner member are shifted in a state where they are not engaged through a gap. And
  The other member isIn the case of an outer member, the diameter is larger than the circumscribed circle diameter of the roller arrayElastically deformedThe diameter can be expanded.The outer member is elastically pressed against the outer diameter end surface of the flange portion of the inner member in the elastic restoring state, and is a slit extending in the axial direction at one place in the circumferential direction of the outer member. Are formed such that both ends in the circumferential direction of the outer member facing each other through the slit can be engaged with each other in the radial direction. The engagement portion and the engaged portion are configured to engage with each other when a radial outward load is applied in the vicinity of the slit of the outer member.The
  Thus, the planetary gear speed reduction device in which the planetary gear is installed on the crankshaft needs to prevent the roller with a cage interposed between the planetary gear and the crankshaft from interfering with the inner diameter of the adjacent planetary gear. This prevention function can be obtained at the ridge of the cage. Further, in such a planetary gear reduction device, a large load is required to support the planetary gear, and the support portion has a limited space. However, the planetary gear reduction device is divided into two members, the outer member and the inner member. According to the cage, the number of rollers and the roller diameter can be increased in such a limited space, and a large load capacity can be obtained.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  1st of this inventionIn the reference proposal exampleSuch a roller with cage will be described with reference to FIGS. This roller with cage includes a cage 1 and 2, and the cage 1 includes an outer member 3 and an inner member 4. The outer member 3 includes an annular portion 3a having a diameter larger than the diameter of the pitch circle PCD of the roller arrangement, and a flange portion 3b that bends and extends from the both axial ends of the annular portion 3a toward the inner diameter side. The inner member 4 is formed in an annular shape having a smaller diameter than the diameter of the pitch circle PCD in the roller arrangement. The annular portion 3a and the inner member 4 of the outer member 3 are cylindrical, and pockets 5 and 6 are provided at equal intervals in a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction, respectively. The roller 2 is accommodated over the pockets 5 and 6 of the outer member 3 and the inner member 4. The portions between the adjacent pockets 5 and the pockets 6 of the outer member 3 and the inner member 4 become column portions 7 and 8, respectively.
[0016]
As shown in FIG. 2, the outer member 3, which is a member with a flange, has a width m of the pocket 5 that is slightly smaller than the outer diameter Da of the roller 2, and the roller 2 falls off outward. To prevent. Similarly, the inner member 4 on the wrinkleless side is formed such that the width n of the pocket 6 is slightly smaller than the outer diameter Da of the roller 2 and prevents the roller 2 from dropping inward.
It is assumed that the inner member 4 which is a member on the wrinkleless side can be reduced in diameter to be smaller than the inscribed circle diameter of the arrangement of the rollers 2. In this example, as shown in FIG. 1 (B), the inner member 4 has an end shape by forming a slit 9 at one place in the circumferential direction. In other words, the inner member 4 is a split cylinder divided into one part in the circumferential direction. The portion where the slit 9 is formed may be a portion where the pocket 6 of the inner member 4 is located or a portion which becomes the column portion 8. In the elastic restoring state, the inner member 4 may be elastically pressed against the inner diameter end surface of the flange portion 3b of the outer member 3, or there may be a gap between the outer member 3 and the inner member 4.
[0017]
According to this configuration, when assembling, the roller 2 is accommodated in the pocket 5 of the outer member 3 which is a member on the flange side, and then the inner member 4 is mounted. The inner member 4 is mounted from the inner diameter side of the roller arrangement in a reduced diameter state. At this time, since the inner member 4 has an end shape, it can be easily elastically deformed to a smaller diameter than the inscribed circle diameter of the roller arrangement. For this reason, it is excellent in assemblability.
In use, the cage 1 is composed of two independent members, an outer member 3 and an inner member 3, and the members 3 and 4 share the function of preventing the rollers 2 from dropping outward and inward. Therefore, manufacturing is easy and processing limitations are relaxed, and a large load capacity can be obtained by increasing the number of rollers 2 and increasing the diameter of the rollers in a fixed space. It is possible to improve the strength and accuracy. Moreover, since the flange 3b is provided on the outer member 3, it is prevented that the cage 1 interferes with the inner diameter surface or the like of the adjacent component even when the cage 1 is in sliding contact with the adjacent component.
[0018]
  FIG. 4 is a front view of a roller with cage according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view thereof. This embodiment is the firstIn the reference proposal exampleIn such a roller with a cage, the cross-sectional shape of the slit 9 is such that the circumferential end portions 4a and 4b of the inner member 4 facing each other through the slit 9 can be engaged with each other in the radial direction. is there. The cross-sectional shapes of both end portions 4a and 4b are a shape protruding in a V-shape and a shape recessed in a V-groove shape, and the V-shaped protruding portion and the V-groove-shaped recess portion are interposed via a gap. It fits. The both end portions 4a and 4b only need to be engageable in the radial direction, and normally, as shown in FIG. Engagement occurs when the radial positions of both ends 4a and 4b are shifted. Further, this engagement may be performed in a state where the outer member 3 and the inner member 4 are assembled with each other. In the single state of the inner member 4, that is, when the inner member 4 is naturally expanded in diameter. Since the both ends 4a and 4b are separated in the circumferential direction, the engagement does not occur.
[0019]
  As described above, when the slits 9 have a cross-sectional shape that can be engaged with each other in the radial direction, the following advantages are obtained. That is, when the radial load F is applied to the rollers 2 and the like adjacent to the formation part of the slit 9 and a force for reducing the diameter of the inner member 4 is generated, the slit 9 is simply formed in FIG. In the case of the shape, since both ends are not connected, bending is likely to occur, and it is considered that the inner member 4 is reduced in diameter and the roller 2 falls off. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the overall rigidity of the inner member 4. However, when the slits 9 are configured to be able to engage with each other in the radial direction as in this embodiment, both end portions 4a and 4b opposed via the slit 9 engage with each other when a slight deflection occurs. Fit. For this reason, the rigidity in the vicinity of the end portion 4b opposite to the vicinity of the end portion 4a to which the load F of the inner member 1 is applied also acts as a resistance to the load F, and the diameter of the inner member 1 is reduced. Is less likely to occur. Even when a radial load Fb is applied in the vicinity of the opposite end 4b, the inner member 1 is less likely to be reduced in diameter as described above. Therefore, even if it does not take the design which raises the rigidity of the whole inner member 4, the fall of the roller 2 by the diameter reduction of the inner member 4 can be prevented, and the function of roller fall-off prevention is strengthened. Other configurations and effects in this embodiment are the first.Reference proposal examples andThe same.
[0020]
The cross-sectional shape of the slit 9 that causes such engagement may be any shape as long as both ends 4a and 4b can be engaged with each other and the inner member 4 can be reduced in diameter by the slit 9. Various shapes such as the shapes shown in FIGS. 6A to 6C can be employed.
In the example of FIG. 6A, the cross-sectional shape of both end portions 4a and 4b forming the slit 9 of the inner member 4 is a shape in which a plurality of V-groove portions are arranged in parallel and a portion protruding in a V shape. Are arranged in parallel. Each projecting part and the V-groove part fit together via a gap.
In the example of FIG. 6B, the cross-sectional shape of both end portions 4a and 4b forming the slit 9 of the inner member 4 is the same as the shape provided with the ridge 4aa having a rectangular cross section, and the cross-sectional rectangle meshing with the ridge 4aa. It is made into the shape which has this groove part 4ba. Both side surfaces of the protrusion 4aa may be in contact with both side surfaces of the groove 4ba. That is, in a normal state, the both end portions 4a and 4b may be in a state of being already engaged in the radial direction.
In the example of FIG. 6C, in the example of FIG. 6B, the cross-sectional shapes of the protrusions 4aa and the groove 4ba are changed to a shape in which the tip has an arc shape and the bottom surface has an arc shape. is there.
[0021]
  FIG. 7 shows still another embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is the first.Of reference proposal examplesThe configuration of the outer member 3 and the inner member 4 is reversed.
  The outer member 3A is formed in an annular shape having a diameter larger than the diameter of the pitch circle PCD in the roller arrangement. The inner member 4A includes an annular portion 4Aa having a smaller diameter than the pitch circle diameter PCD of the roller arrangement, and a flange portion 4Ab that bends and extends outward from both axial ends of the annular portion 4Aa. The annular portion 4Aa of the outer member 3A and the inner member 4A is provided with pockets 5A and 6A at equal intervals in a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction, and the rollers 2 are accommodated across the pockets 5A and 6A.
[0022]
It is assumed that the outer member 3A, which is a member on the wrinkleless side, can be expanded to a larger diameter than the circumscribed circle diameter of the arrangement of the rollers 2. In this example, as shown in FIG. 7B, the outer member 3A has an end shape by forming a slit 9A in one place in the circumferential direction. That is, the outer member 3 </ b> A is formed as one split cylinder in the circumferential direction. The location where the slit 9A is formed may be a location where the pocket 6A of the outer member 3A is present or a location where the column portion 8A is formed. The outer member 3A is elastically pressed against the outer diameter end surface of the flange 4Ab of the inner member 4A in the elastic recovery state.
[0023]
In the case of this configuration, at the time of assembling, the roller 2 is accommodated in the pocket 6A of the inner member 4A that is a member on the flange side, and then the outer member 3A is mounted. The outer member 3A is mounted from the outer diameter side of the roller arrangement in an expanded state. At this time, since the outer member 3A has an end shape, it can be easily elastically deformed to a smaller diameter than the inscribed circle diameter of the roller arrangement. For this reason, it is excellent in assemblability.
Also in this embodiment, a large load capacity can be obtained within a certain space, the roller guide function, strength, and accuracy are excellent, and there is no problem even when the cage 1A is in sliding contact with an adjacent part. It is the same as that of the said embodiment.
[0024]
However, in the case of this embodiment, the outer member 3A is preferably set to have a shorter axial length than the inner member 4A. This is due to the following reason. When one split is used for the outer member 3A, there is a possibility that the split opening will open due to the generation of centrifugal force due to the rotation of the bearing, and the outer member 3A will loosen and move in the axial direction. When the axial length of the outer member 3A is shortened, even if the outer member 3A moves slightly in the axial direction due to loosening, it is prevented from protruding in the axial direction from the flange portion 4Ab of the inner member 4A. And avoiding the problem of interference with adjacent components. Since the outer member 3A has the roller 2 in the pocket 5A, the distance that the outer member 3A moves in the axial direction due to loosening is at most twice the pocket gap δ. Therefore, the length of the outer member 3A is set in consideration of the pocket axial gap δ as follows. For example,
(Outer member axial length) ≦ (Inner member axial length−2 × δ)
And
Alternatively, the front end portion of the flange portion 4Ab of the inner member 4A may have a stepped shape in which the inner side in the width direction is lowered, and the outer member 3A may be fitted into the lower portion of the flange portion 4Ab. In this way, the configuration in which the end of the flange portion is stepped and the member on the side without the flange is fitted can be applied to the case where the outer member is a member on the flange side as in the first embodiment. .
[0025]
Thus, also in the embodiment in which the outer member 3A is the wrinkleless side, the shape of the slit 9A is the same as the embodiment shown in FIGS. It is good also as a shape which the both ends of the circumferential direction of this can engage in radial direction mutually. As a result, when an outward load in the radial direction is applied by the roller 2 or the like in the vicinity of the slit 9A to generate a force for expanding the outer member 3A, the outer member 3A expands. This makes it difficult to prevent the roller 2 from falling off.
[0026]
The relationship between the axial lengths of the outer member 3A and the inner member 4A has been described with respect to an example in which the inner member 4A is hooked. However, as in the first embodiment, the outer direction In the case where the member 3 is a flanged side, the outer member 3 is preferably set to have a longer axial length than the inner member 4.
When the outer member 3 is a side with a flange, for example,
(Outer member axial length) ≧ (Inner member axial length + 2 × δ)
It is preferable that δ is a pocket axial gap.
[0027]
In each said embodiment, the manufacturing method and material of the members 4 and 3A on the wrinkleless side in the cages 1 and 1A can be performed as follows. For example, the members 4 and 3A on the wrinkleless side may be divided at one place in the circumferential direction after the strip is rolled and both ends are welded, or the strip may be simply rounded. The reason why it is divided after being rolled and welded is because it is easy to obtain the roundness accuracy of the divided end portion. The material used for the wrinkleless members 4 and 3A is a case where the material is processed from the above-described band plate or by other processing methods, for example, using low carbon steel or spring steel, and heat treatment. Can be done. The heat treatment may be quenching such as carburizing quenching, or may be further tempered thereafter. Instead of quenching, surface hardening treatment such as soft nitriding treatment may be performed. The wrinkleless members 4 and 3A may be formed by cutting or pressing. The material used for the wrinkleless members 4 and 3A may be a metal-based material such as an iron-based material or a synthetic resin material. The material used for the flanged members 3 and 4A may also be a metal material or a synthetic resin material.
[0028]
In each of the above-described embodiments, the wrinkle-free members 4 and 3A are end-shaped divided by the slits 9 at one place in the circumferential direction. Further, slits (not shown) that do not reach the full length in the axial direction may be provided at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction. Even when the slits are formed in this way, it is easy to reduce or increase the diameter by elastic deformation.
Further, when providing a slit that does not reach the full length in the axial direction, the cross-sectional shape of the slit is such that both ends in the circumferential direction of the wrinkleless members 4 and 3A that face each other through the slit are arranged. It is good also as a shape which can mutually engage in a radial direction.
In each of the above embodiments, the annular portions 3a and 4Aa of the outer members 3 and 3A and the inner members 4 and 4A form a column portion between the pockets, but these annular portions 3a and 4Aa. May form a claw portion instead of the column portion.
[0029]
  8A and 8B show still another embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is the first shown in FIGS.In the reference proposal exampleIn this case, one portion in the length direction of the column portion 7 between the pockets 5 of the outer member 3 is formed in the groove-shaped bent portion 11 that is recessed toward the inner diameter side. The groove-shaped bent portion 11 is a portion in which the cross-sectional shape along the axial direction of the cage 1 is a groove shape, and the entire column width of the column portion 7 is a groove shape. The groove-shaped bent portion 11 is recessed toward the inner diameter on both the inner and outer surfaces, and the thickness of the column portion 7 is substantially the same between the groove-shaped bent portion 11 and other portions. The groove shape of the groove-shaped bent portion 11 is a trapezoidal shape. The groove-shaped bent portion 11 is formed at the center in the length direction of the column portion 7, and the width thereof is about 1/3 to 1/2 of the length of the column portion 7. The groove depth of the groove-shaped bent portion 11 is, for example, approximately the same as the plate thickness of the column portion 7. In addition, you may provide the groove-shaped bending part 11 in the multiple places of the length direction of the pillar part 7. FIG. The material of the outer member 3 may be a press-formed product of a metal plate such as a steel plate or a cut-out product of a metal material such as a steel material. Other configurations in this embodiment are as follows.Reference proposal examples andThe same.
[0030]
When the groove-shaped bent portion 11 is formed in the column portion 7 as in this embodiment, the rollers 2 are prevented from entering the inside of the column portion 7 of the outer member 3. Further, by providing the groove-shaped bent portion 11, the oil permeability in the contact portion between the column portion 7 and 2 is improved, and the circulation property of the lubricating oil to the inside of the cage 1 is improved.
[0031]
  The above submergence will be described. When the outer member 3 of the cage 1 is a press-processed product, there is a limit on the upper limit of the plate thickness t. FIG. 8C shows the first shown in FIG.In the reference proposal exampleThe case where the diameter of the roller 2 is large is shown for comparison. The angle α in FIG. 8C is such that a straight line passing through the guide portion (roller contact portion) 7a of the roller 2 in the column portion 7 and the center of the roller 2 is perpendicular to the radial direction of the cage at the roller center. Angle. The guide portion angle α is desirably as small as possible in view of the bearing function. However, as shown in FIG. 8C, (1) the roller diameter is large, (2) the cage 1 must be guided on the outside diameter, and (3) the thickness t of the outer member 3 If it cannot be increased more than this, the guide angle α will increase. When the guide portion angle α is increased, the roller 2 may deform the guide portion 7a of the column portion 7 to the outer diameter side due to a load, and may sink under the column portion 7.
  When the groove-shaped bent portion 11 is provided as shown in FIG. 8A with respect to such submergence, the guide portion 7a of the column portion 7 is formed into the groove-shaped bent portion 11 as shown in FIG. The column part 7 is located on the inner diameter side than the case where the column part 7 is linear. For this reason, the guide portion angle α is small, and it is difficult for the sinking to occur.
[0032]
When the outer member 3 of the cage 1 is machined to be machined, its thickness t can be arbitrarily adjusted. However, if the thickness t is increased in order to prevent sinking, the weight of the cage 1 is increased. Increases, which is not preferable in terms of function and material cost. For this reason, even when the outer member 3 is a machined product, if the groove-shaped bent portion 11 is provided, an increase in the weight of the cage can be avoided, and a decrease in function and an increase in material cost can be prevented, thereby preventing a dive. can do. Moreover, the effect | action which improves the circulation property of the lubricating oil in the holder | retainer 1 by the groove-shaped bending part 11 is acquired similarly to the case of a press work product.
[0033]
In the embodiment of FIG. 8, the example in which the outer member 3 is brazed has been described. However, as in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. Even in this case, by providing the groove-shaped bent portion 11 on the outer member 3A, it is possible to obtain the effect of preventing the dive and the effect of improving the circulation of the lubricating oil.
[0034]
9 and 10 show an example of a planetary gear speed reduction device to which the roller with cage of the present invention is applied. This planetary gear reduction device includes an internal ring gear 21, a carrier 22 serving as a rotation output portion, and a crankshaft 23 having a plurality of eccentric shaft portions 23a and 23b that are rotatably supported by the carrier 22 and adjacent to each other. A plurality of planetary gears 24 and 25 that are rotatably mounted on the eccentric shaft portions 23 a and 23 b of the crankshaft 23 and mesh with the ring gear 21, and a rotation input portion 26 that inputs rotation to the crankshaft 23. The ring gear 21 is an internal gear sun gear. The ring gear 21 is fixed to the housing 27, and the carrier 22 is installed in the housing 27 via a bearing 28 (FIG. 10) so as to be rotatable concentrically with the ring gear 21. The rotation input unit 26 includes an input shaft 29 concentric with the ring gear 21 and a transmission gear 30 that is provided on each crankshaft 23 and meshes with the gear portion of the input shaft 29. The crankshaft 23 is provided at a plurality of locations (for example, three locations) in the circumferential direction of the carrier 22. As shown in FIG. 10, the planetary gears 24 and 25 are installed on the eccentric shaft portions 23 a and 23 b of the crankshaft 23 via rollers 31 with cages, respectively. As the roller with cage 31, the roller with cage of the present invention, for example, the roller with cage of the first or second embodiment is used.
[0035]
The operation of this planetary gear speed reducer will be described. When the central input shaft 29 is rotated, the three crankshafts 23 rotate in synchronization with each other via the transmission gear 30. Here, the first-stage deceleration is performed. The crankshaft 23 and the planetary gears 24 and 25 are connected via a roller 31 with a cage, and the crankshaft 23 swings when the planetary gears 24 and 25 turn inside the internal ring gear 21. Synchronized with the combined motion of revolution and rotation. The two planetary gears 24 and 25 arranged in the axial direction revolve around the inner periphery of the internal ring gear 21 in a state where the phases are shifted by 180 ° from each other. For this reason, the inertial forces due to the swing of the two planetary gears 24 and 25 cancel each other. The internal ring gear 21 is fixed, and the planetary gears 24 and 25 rotate around the inner periphery of the internal ring gear 21. The three crankshafts 23 are sandwiched between the two disk portions 22a and 22b of the carrier 22 serving as an output member. Accordingly, the revolution of the planetary gears 24 and 25 reaches the carrier 22 through the revolution of the crankshaft 23, and a reduced rotational motion is obtained.
[0036]
In the planetary gear reduction device having this configuration, a large load acts on the roller 31 with a cage interposed between the planetary gears 24, 25 and the crankshaft 23, and the installation space for the roller 31 with the cage is a reduction device. The space is limited in order to avoid an overall increase in size. The cage of the roller with cage 31 is in sliding contact with the width surfaces of the adjacent planetary gears 24 and 25. However, according to the roller with cage of each of the above embodiments, a large load capacity can be obtained in a limited space, and either the outer member 3 or the inner member 4 protrudes to the other member side. Since the flange portion 3b is provided, the problem of interference with the inner diameter surface of the planetary gears 24, 25 does not occur even by sliding contact with the adjacent width surfaces of the planetary gears 24, 25.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
  In the roller with cage according to the present invention, the cage is composed of two independent members, an outer member and an inner member. The diameter can be reduced to a smaller diameter than the circle diameter, and in the case of an outer member, the diameter can be increased to a diameter larger than the circumscribed circle diameter of the roller arrangement, so that the assemblability is excellent. In addition, the cage is composed of two independent members, an outer member and an inner member, and each member is assigned the function of preventing the outer and inner rollers from falling off. The upper limit is relaxed, and the maximum load capacity can be obtained by increasing the number of rollers and increasing the roller diameter within a certain space. Also, the roller guide function is improved, both in terms of strength and accuracy. It can be excellent. In addition, since the flange portion is provided on one of the outer member and the inner member, it is possible to prevent the cage from interfering with the inner diameter surface of the adjacent component even when the cage is in sliding contact with the adjacent component.
  When the wrinkleless member is an inner member, the inner member is elastically pressed against the inner diameter end surface of the flange portion of the outer member in the elastic recovery state. A slit extending in the axial direction is formed at one place in the circumferential direction, and both ends in the circumferential direction of the inner member facing each other through the slit are configured to engage each other in the radial direction. When the engaging part and the engaged part of the part fit together in a state where they are not engaged via a gap in the radial direction, and the radial position of both ends in the circumferential direction of the inner member is displaced, the engagement The portion and the engaged portion are configured to engage with each other.
  When a radial load is applied to the rollers adjacent to the slit forming portion due to the cross-sectional shape of both ends in the circumferential direction of the inner member, and a force is generated to reduce the diameter of the inner member. It acts as a resistance against the load, and the inner member is less likely to be reduced in diameter. Therefore, even if it does not take the design which raises the rigidity of the whole inner member, the fall of a roller can be prevented by the diameter reduction of an inner member, and the function of roller fall prevention is strengthened.
  When the other member is an outer member, the outer member is elastically deformed to a diameter larger than the circumscribed circle diameter of the roller arrangement, and the diameter can be increased. A slit extending in the axial direction is formed at one place in the circumferential direction of the outer member, and the circumference of the outer member facing through the slit is elastically pressed against the outer diameter end surface of the outer member. Both end portions in the direction are configured to be engageable with each other in the radial direction, and the engaging portion and the engaged portion of the both end portions are fitted in a state where they are not engaged through a gap, and the slit of the outer member When a radial outward load is applied in the vicinity, the engaging portion and the engaged portion are configured to engage with each other. Also in this case, the function of preventing the rollers from falling off is strengthened.
  The planetary gear speed reduction device of the present invention has a configuration in which a roller with a cage is interposed between the planetary gear and the crankshaft, but there is no problem that the cage interferes with the inner diameter of the adjacent planetary gear, and there is a cage. The roller guide function, strength, and accuracy of the roller are excellent, and a large load capacity can be obtained in a certain space, so that the entire apparatus can be made compact.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1A is the first of the present inventionIn the reference proposal exampleThe longitudinal cross-sectional view of this roller with a holder | retainer, (B) is the front view.
FIG. 2 is a cutaway front view of the roller with cage.
FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged sectional view of the roller with cage.
FIG. 4The fruitIt is a front view of the roller with a retainer concerning an embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged front view of the roller with cage.
FIGS. 6A to 6C show the present invention.OtherIt is a partial expanded front view of the roller with a retainer concerning this embodiment.
7A is a longitudinal sectional view of a roller with cage according to still another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7B is a front view thereof.
8A is a partial longitudinal sectional view of a roller with cage according to still another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 8B is a sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII, and FIG. 8C is still another embodiment. It is sectional drawing.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a planetary gear reduction device using the roller with the cage.
FIG. 10 is a partially cutaway side view of the planetary gear speed reducer.
11A is a partial perspective view of a conventional cage of a roller with cage, and FIG. 11B is a partial cross-sectional view of the roller with cage.
FIG. 12 is a partial longitudinal sectional view and a partial transverse sectional view of another conventional example.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... Retainer
2 ...
3. Outer member
3a ... Annular part
3b ... Buttocks
4 ... Inward member
5, 6 ... Pocket
1A ... Retainer
2A ...
3A ... Outer member
3Aa ... Annular part
3Ab ... Buttocks
4A ... Inward member
5A, 6A ... Pocket
21 ... Ring gear (sun gear)
22 ... Career
23 ... Crankshaft
23a, 23b ... eccentric shaft
24, 25 ... Planetary gear
26 ... Input section
31 ... Rollers with cage
PCD ... Pitch circle diameter

Claims

The outer member includes a cage composed of an outer member and an inner member, and a roller. The outer member includes an annular portion having a diameter larger than the pitch circle diameter of the roller arrangement, and an inner diameter side from both axial ends of the annular portion. And the inner member is formed in an annular shape having a diameter smaller than the pitch circle diameter of the roller arrangement, and pockets are provided at multiple locations in the circumferential direction of the annular portion of the outer member and the inner member, respectively. In a roller with a cage that houses the rollers over the pockets of the outer member and the inner member,
The inner member is elastically deformed to a diameter smaller than the inscribed circle diameter of the roller and can be reduced in diameter, and the inner member is elastic to the inner diameter end surface of the flange portion of the outer member in an elastic recovery state. A slit extending in the axial direction is formed at one place in the circumferential direction of the inner member, and both ends in the circumferential direction of the inner member that are opposed to each other through the slit are formed. The shape is such that they can be engaged with each other in the radial direction, and the engaging portion and the engaged portion at both ends fit together without being engaged in the radial direction via a gap, and the circumferential direction of the inner member If the radial position of the end portions is shifted, roller and cage assembly, characterized that you the engaging portion and the engaged portion engaged with each other.

At both ends in the circumferential direction of the inner member, a V-shaped protruding portion whose cross-sectional shape protrudes in a V-shape and a V-groove-shaped recessed portion whose shape is recessed in a V-groove shape are provided. The roller with a retainer of Claim 1 which has these.

A cage comprising an outer member and an inner member; and a roller, wherein the outer member is formed in an annular shape having a diameter larger than the pitch circle diameter of the roller arrangement, and the inner member is formed from the pitch circle diameter of the roller arrangement. Each of which has a small-diameter annular portion and a flange portion that is bent from the both axial end portions of the annular portion toward the outer diameter side. In a roller with a cage that houses the rollers over the pockets of the outer member and the inner member,
The outer member is elastically deformed to a diameter larger than the circumscribed circle diameter of the roller and can be expanded in diameter, and the outer member is formed on the outer diameter end surface of the flange portion of the inner member in an elastic recovery state. A slit that extends in the axial direction is formed at one place in the circumferential direction of the outer member, and both ends in the circumferential direction of the outer member that face each other through the slit are formed. The engaging portions and the engaged portions at both ends are fitted in a state where they are not engaged with each other through a gap, and the radial direction is formed near the slit of the outer member. when the load outward is applied, roller and cage assembly, characterized that you the engaging portion and the engaged portion engaged with each other.

4. The retainer according to claim 1, wherein one or a plurality of lengthwise portions in the column portion between the pockets of the outer member are formed in a groove-shaped bent portion that is recessed toward the inner diameter side. Time.

The needle roller with a retainer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the needle roller is installed between a planetary gear and a crankshaft supporting the planetary gear in the planetary gear reduction device.

An internal or external sun gear, a carrier that is rotatably provided concentrically with the sun gear, a crankshaft having a plurality of eccentric shaft portions that are rotatably supported by the carrier and adjacent thereto, and the crankshaft A planetary gear reduction device comprising a plurality of planetary gears installed on the eccentric shaft portions via rollers with cages and meshing with the sun gear, wherein the rollers with cages are arranged as outer members and inner members. And a plurality of rollers housed in pockets provided in a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction of the outer member and the inner member and rolling between the planetary gear and the crankshaft. Each of the member and the inner member is composed of an annular portion having a diameter larger than the pitch circle diameter of the roller arrangement and an annular portion having a smaller diameter, and one of the outer member and the inner member is an axis of the annular portion. Both directions To have a flange portion extending radially to the other member side, the other member, when a inner member is configured to be reduced in diameter small diameter is elastically deformed than the inscribed circle diameter of the row of the rollers, the The inner member is elastically pressed against the inner diameter end surface of the flange portion of the outer member in the elastic recovery state, and a slit extending in the axial direction is formed at one place in the circumferential direction of the inner member. It is, through the slit there as an engagement shape capable both end portions in the circumferential direction in the radial directions opposite the inner member, the engaging portion and the engaged portion content of the both end portions, radially The engagement portion and the engaged portion are engaged with each other when the radial positions of both ends in the circumferential direction of the inner member are shifted in a state where they are not engaged through a gap. And
If the other member is the outer member is configured to be expanded by elastic deformation larger diameter than the circumscribed circle diameter of the row of the rollers, the outer member is in elastic recovery state, the flange of the inner member The outer member is elastically pressed against the outer diameter end surface, and a slit extending in the axial direction is formed at one place in the circumferential direction of the outer member, and the circle of the outer member facing through the slit is formed. Both ends in the circumferential direction have a shape that can be engaged with each other in the radial direction, and the engaging portion and the engaged portion of the both ends are fitted in a state where they are not engaged through a gap, and the outer member A planetary gear reduction device configured so that the engaging portion and the engaged portion engage with each other when a radial outward load is applied in the vicinity of the slit .