JP4085024B2 - Leakage inspection method for buildings and concrete structures - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Technical field to which the invention belongs]
The present invention relates to the specification of the location of water leakage such as roofs, roofs, floors, outer walls, shared corridors, balconies, self-propelled parking lots, highway viaducts, dams, etc. of buildings and concrete structures. Furthermore, the present invention relates to an inspection method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, among the important roles of building structures, the prevention of building water leakage is one of the most important, as is the maintenance of structural functions from earthquakes and storms.
The unpleasant phenomenon of water leakage has various negative effects on buildings. Deterioration of the building due to changes in the shape of the building, corrosion, freezing, bacteria, etc. In addition, there are water leakage accidents in important parts that cause the function of the building to stop due to water leakage, and the current situation is that the trouble of water leakage will not stop.
[0003]
In particular, in a concrete structure, structural cracks and peeling due to deterioration due to earthquakes, storms, direct sunlight, heat shrinkage, drying shrinkage, thermal expansion, etc. cannot be avoided.
In recent years, the mortar of the wall surface has fallen off for about 3 (m) width 24 (cm) thickness 6.5 (cm) in the present tunnel (Kasaoka City, Okayama Prefecture) between Sanyo Shinkansen, Shin Kurashiki and Fukuyama Inspected the inside of the tunnel, assuming that there is a high possibility that the wall has deteriorated due to water leakage. In addition, JR West started a general inspection because the same peeling occurred in 1999.
[0004]
Due to the properties of the concrete structure described above, the fine voids and capillarity that occur inside the frame cannot be seen even if you see the cracks on the surface, and it is difficult to find the water inlet and outlet. Even if you do something like blocking with epoxy resin, another part will eventually become a new water leak outlet, which may increase the damage that pollutes interior materials, etc. There is a risk of consequences.
[0005]
As mentioned above, there is no suitable method for discovering the leaked water entrance, and after all, repairing it partially with a guideline and then stopping it will make money. In fact, it is a repetition of partial repairs and observations after the rain, and there are many ways to advance the absence of residents. In such a situation, a method of discovering the cause of water leakage, that is, (entrance and outlet). (For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-94737)
[0006]
By irradiating the fluorescent whitening agent test solution that emits light only to ultraviolet rays to the building, the test solution that has entered the building is illuminated by a mercury lamp and the passage of the test solution is drawn. An inspection method is disclosed. However, the above-described known examples are insufficient in the following points.
[0007]
The area when the test solution is discharged from the top of the building is too large, and the location of the leaked water is not selected, and the water is discharged roughly. The indexing of the entrance is complicated. Further, the inventors have implemented that the route of the luminescent solution cannot be determined unless the water leakage site is disassembled.
[0008]
The above test liquid is diluted with water at room temperature, fluorescent whitening agent, which is a luminescent substance, and Kayahole PAS Liquid (trademark: Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) diaminostilbene type organic compound 100 times with water. Liquid. It was adhered indoors to wallpaper cross, veneer board, metal iron plate, copper plate, concrete block, fabric, resin plate, etc. of building base material. The portion was illuminated with a commercially available black light from a trade name black light mercury lamp (trademark: Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corporation).
[0009]
In the above-mentioned known examples, the following drawbacks were found.
1 The water discharge area of the test solution is too large. 2 Water discharge is too rough and inspection accuracy is low. 3 At a position of about 30 (cm) where the emission distance when the mercury lamp illuminates the test solution was short, the light of the ultraviolet wavelength part was absorbed and reacted. When there are multiple cracks because the emission color of the four test solutions is one color, the entrance and exit cannot be specified. 5 Emits light in a dark place such as the attic, but the light emitting function is reduced outdoors or in a room with light.
In view of the above points, it has been found that the above-mentioned known example is not sufficient to quickly find the cause of water leakage, that is, (entrance and outlet) quickly, and it takes time and effort.
[0010]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks and problems in the prior art, and the object is to determine the cause and location of the leaks and the outlets of water leakage in buildings and concrete structures. is there. In addition, the present invention provides an inspection method for water leakage that can be reliably performed at low cost without requiring skill.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of repeated implementation and verification in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor first found that the cause of water leakage in the building structure was that the body was shaken by the effects of earthquakes and storms, and the main structural parts Attention was paid to the rainwater that cracked and infiltrated into the crack.
Since the cause of water leakage is rainwater that enters from the gaps in the building, we have found that the flow inspection with the same characteristics is suitable.
The water leakage often occurs due to external factors, and the leakage changes depending on the direction of the wind, so it seems that this cannot be reproduced by other inspection methods. As the inspection liquid, a liquid having the same fluidity as rainwater is suitable, and a method that does not leave a trace and is pollution-free and does not affect the human body or the like is desirable.
[0012]
Leakage inspection method of building and concrete structure according to the present invention, red food tar dye visualization material, blue, and an aqueous solution three primary colors of yellow color and test solutions, in advance, building and concrete structure (hereinafter (Referred to as a workpiece) and the selected defect location and crack surface are partitioned for each block, and then each of the blocks for each of the three primary colors of red, blue and yellow When the sprayed inspection liquid penetrates through the leaked water inlet, propagates through the cracks inside the housing, and flows out to the lower part of the workpiece, a plurality of cracks inside the housing are sprayed. The feature is characterized in that the water leak is identified by contrasting colors of red, purple, blue-green, and gray mixed with each other.
The present invention has the following features. The present invention is that the edible tar dye of the visualization material is used as a test liquid. First, a defective part of a building or a crack surface is selected as a water leakage entrance and divided into blocks. Thereafter, a coloring test liquid is sprayed on the surface of the selected portion of the leaked water in one block using a high-pressure water sprayer. At that time, by making blocks for each section, it is possible to reduce the selection error of the location of the leakage of water and increase the inspection accuracy. The inspection liquid sprayed by the high-pressure water sprayer is an inspection method characterized by permeating through the leaked water inlet, passing through the cracks inside the housing, and flowing out to the lower part of the building.
[0013]
In the present invention, the edible tar dye of the visualization material is made into an aqueous solution using the three primary colors. Using these aqueous solutions as inspection liquids, block the defective locations and crack surfaces that were selected in advance as building water leakage entrances, and use a high-pressure water sprayer for each of the three primary colors of red, blue, and yellow for each section. Use to spread the surface of the selected area of the leaked water. After that, the color of the test liquid penetrates from the leaked water entrance, propagates through the cracks inside the housing, and flows out to the lower part of the building. The visualization material that has flowed out is an inspection method that can identify the entrance and the water channel even when there are multiple cracks by identifying each color.
In the present invention, the three primary colors of the color to be sprayed for each section by making the selected location of the leakage of the building into a block penetrate from the leakage inlet and flow out to the lower part. The three primary colors are transmitted from the adjacent screens through a plurality of cracks inside the housing, and even when mixed with each other, the color change flowing out from the existing water leakage site can be seen. Visualization materials for the flow of water through the cracks and water leaks inside the enclosure have the feature that color contrast can be identified by mixing with each other. In other words, this is an inspection method for colored fluids in which the hue circles magenta, blue-green, and gray are mixed.
[0014]
In the leakage inspection method for buildings and concrete structures according to the present invention, when there are a plurality of locations for the leakage of water and the area is large, the area of one block to be blocked is divided every 3.3 square meters. In order to prevent the three primary colors red, blue and yellow of the other test liquids from mixing with each other on the adjacent section screen, apply a paste-like seal that is easy to peel off at the boundary with other section blocks. A vinyl chloride water stop plate may be erected on the upper surface to partition and dam. In this case, when there are a plurality of locations where the water leakage of the building is selected or when the area is large, the area of one section to be blocked is divided every 3.3 (square meters). At that time, a paste-like seal that can be peeled off is applied to the boundary with other partition blocks. A vinyl chloride water stop plate is placed on the upper surface to partition and stop. This is an inspection method characterized by preventing the mixing of the three primary colors red, blue, and yellow of other inspection liquids to the adjacent section screens by damming each section.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings including construction procedures. In applying the construction method according to the present invention, for the convenience of explanation, a water leak inspection of a concrete structure was taken as an example of construction.
When there is water leakage from the roof of a concrete structure, the water leaks from the surface of the defective part (crack) of the concrete and leaks into the living room through the crack of the waterproof layer.
[0018]
Fig. 1 shows an example of construction and inspection on the roof of a concrete structure. In the figure, 1 is a concrete frame, 2 is a presser concrete, 3 is a concrete slab, 4 is a crack in the concrete (water leakage inlet), 5 is The crack (water leak location) of the waterproof layer is shown.
When the waterproof layer 5 is cracked in a concrete structure, water leaks from the concrete crack 4 into the room. In such a case, according to the conventional technique, a test solution made of a luminescent solution is formed on the entire roof or upper part of the building. The water is discharged, and it waits for it to flow out.
[0019]
However, in the present invention, the surface of the presser concrete 2 in FIG. 1 is divided into blocks of 3.3 (square meters), and a paste-like seal that can be peeled off is applied to the boundary. Set up a water blocking plate of vinyl chloride and dam. In the inspection method of the present invention, importantly, the selection portion of the leak by blocking every partition, there is a small Kusuru wherein selection error locations penetration leak. Therefore, this is an inspection method that can increase the accuracy in determining the water leakage entrance. Furthermore, the present invention is composed of a plurality of elements, and uses a construction method that does not exist in the prior art as an embodiment.
[0020]
Further, an embodiment of the inspection method for leaking water from buildings and concrete structures according to the present invention will be described.
Test method of water leakage of the present invention, the deficient area within the building structure, in the pre-blocking, one section are sprayed with a high pressure sprinkler predetermined test fluid to the surface. The inspection liquid is constituted by one aspect that penetrates from the crack surface, which is an entrance for water leakage, and propagates through the crack in the housing and flows out to the lower part of the building.
[0021]
The inspection liquid that flows out to the lower part of the building is made into an aqueous solution using an edible tar dye as a visualization material. At that time, it is diluted about 400 times with normal temperature water.
Edible tar pigment is a food additive based on the Food Sanitation Law, has no effect on the human body, etc., and is most preferable in the embodiment of the present invention. As a visualization material, it gives a temporary color to the structure and absorbs light. Therefore, since it is suitable for a physical state in which flow visualization is observed, it was decided to use it as a test solution.
[0022]
Regarding the selection of the material for visualizing the above-mentioned inspection liquid, from the viewpoint of water leakage inspection, it can be temporarily identified as a marker, can be easily discolored, and does not leave traces on the base material. We tried to select pigments on the condition that there was no effect on the human body. As the constituent dye species, among the direct dyes, acid dyes, reactive dyes, and edible tar dyes, the most suitable for the embodiment was used as the inspection liquid.
[0023]
More specifically, edible tar pigments. Daiwa food dyes, Food Red No. 102, Food Blue No. 1, Food yellow No. 4: can be fabricated as easily test fluid are commercially available being commercialized from (TM Daiwa Kasei Co., Ltd.).
[0024]
1A block, B block, C block, each area in the above-mentioned inspection liquid is made into a block for each section in the defective part and crack surface selected as the water leakage entrance of the building and the concrete structure. Divide every 3.3 square meters. At that time, a paste-like seal that can be peeled off is applied to the boundary with each block, and a vinyl chloride water stop plate is placed on the upper surface of the seal to block the partition. In FIG. 1C, block 4 indicates a crack in the concrete, and 5 indicates a crack in the waterproof layer.
[0025]
Above, the surface of the C block of Figure 1, when sprayed yellow test solution visualization material, outflow of yellow test solution is observed in the room from the concrete crack 4. In explaining the water leakage inspection method related to the present invention, for the sake of convenience, it is an example of rooftop construction, but in the case of water leakage inspection of curved surfaces , vertical surfaces, etc., inspection is performed on the blowing nozzle of the high pressure water sprayer. Splashing can be prevented by attaching a synthetic rubber attachment that prevents the liquid from splashing. In addition, the inspection liquid for the visualization material is diluted about 400 times with water at room temperature, and even if it is attached to the building, it can be easily decolorized by using a chlorine bleach and water together. It has been practiced by the inventor not to leave a trace in the etc. The visualization material most suitable for the embodiment of the present invention is used as the inspection liquid.
[0026]
【Example】
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The water leakage inspection method of the present embodiment shows an inspection example on the roof of the concrete structure in FIG. 1, wherein 4 indicates a crack in the concrete and 5 indicates a crack in the waterproof layer. When there is a crack in the waterproof layer 5 of the concrete structure, water leaks from the concrete crack 4 into the living room. In the embodiment, the surface of the presser concrete 2 in FIG. 1 is divided into blocks for each section 3.3 (square meter), and a paste-like seal that can be peeled off is applied to the boundary. It is a construction method in which a water blocking plate of vinyl chloride is set up on the upper surface to dam.
[0027]
Furthermore, in this embodiment, A block selection portion of leakage of Figure 1, B block, and separated for each C block, as selected portions of the C blocks, sprayed yellow test solution visualization material at high pressure sprinkler did. Yellow subsequent visualization of the test solution, transmitted crack of building frame body portion of the concrete structure, existing leak site, permeates the 4 concrete crack Figure 1, one aspect which flows out into the room, visualization material was identified by the inspection solution of yellow color it is.
[0028]
Above, the C block surface embodiment, spraying was visualized material intensive is the test solution of yellow, the arrangement of one aspect identified in the room, C block painted. That is, visualization of the flow connecting the points of water leakage points.
The constituent element of the present embodiment is the blocking of selected locations of water leakage, and the three primary colors dispersed per section penetrate from the water leakage inlet and flow into the living room. In the example, red and blue test solutions were sprayed on the adjacent A block and B block, respectively.
[0029]
As described above, by using the water leakage inspection method of the above-described embodiment, it is possible to easily and reliably identify the inlet and the outlet that are the cause of water leakage. Therefore, it is possible to repair only the necessary part, and it is possible to reduce the construction cost and the period.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention is as described above, and according to the inspection method related to the present invention, by spraying the liquid for inspection of the visualization material on the selected position of the leakage of the building structure, the cause of the leakage can be easily and Certainly can be identified. Therefore, this is a practical inspection method that can reduce the period and cost of waterproof repair and the like.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram when an inspection method according to the present invention is applied to a concrete structure.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a C block in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the concrete structure of FIG.
4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the water stop plate of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an inspection liquid and a scattering prevention attachment.
6 is a bottom view of FIG. 5. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 concrete frame 2 presser concrete 3 concrete slab 4 crack in concrete 5 crack in waterproof layer 6 liquid for inspection and high-pressure water sprayer 7 peelable paste-like sealing material 8 vinyl chloride water stop plate 9 liquid splash prevention attachment 10 low attachment surface

Claims (3)

The three primary colors of red, blue, and yellow of the food tar pigment of the visualization material are used as an aqueous solution to make an inspection solution.
Preliminarily divide the entrance of water leakage of buildings and concrete structures (hereinafter referred to as “workpieces”) and selected failure points and crack surfaces into blocks,
After that, spray one of the three primary colors of red, blue, and yellow for each block that has been blocked using a high-pressure water sprayer.
Spraying the said test fluid permeates from entering port of leakage propagate a crack skeleton body portion, when flowing out to the lower portion of the workpiece, a plurality of cracks in the building frame body portion, the leakage of water road, the color wheel red To distinguish by contrasting colors of purple, blue-green, and gray
Leakage inspection method for characteristic buildings and concrete structures. When there are a plurality of locations for leakage of water and the area is large, the area of one section to be blocked is divided every 3.3 square meters,
At that time, a paste-like seal that is easy to peel off is applied to the border of the other block so as to prevent the three primary colors red, blue and yellow of other test liquids from mixing with each other on the adjacent screen. , A vinyl chloride water stop plate on the top surface,
The water leakage inspection method for buildings and concrete structures according to claim 1, wherein 3. The building and concrete structure according to claim 1, wherein, when the test solution is sprayed, a synthetic rubber attachment capable of preventing the test solution from being scattered is attached to a blowing nozzle of the high-pressure water sprayer. Water leakage inspection method for things.