JP4083099B2 - Self-propelled branches and leaves tree crusher - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention is a self-propelled branch-and-leaf tree pulverization which reduces the volume by reducing the volume of branches and trees generated by pruning along the roadside trees and sidewalks, or by thinning the timber in a pulverization unit. More particularly, the present invention relates to a self-propelled branch-and-leaves tree crusher that has achieved a significant reduction in noise generated during the crushing of branch-and-leaves trees.

  In general, pruning work is performed to promote tree growth and to adjust the shape of the tree. In recent years, the branches and leaves generated by the pruning have been processed with a self-propelled branch and leaf crusher. Therefore, for example, Japanese Patent No. 2786605 (Patent Document 1), Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-66507 (Patent Document 2), and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-2000 are related to this self-propelled branch and tree crusher and various devices equipped in the same. Many proposals have been made, such as 202808 (Patent Document 3) and JP 2000-263511 (Patent Document 4). These self-propelled foliage crushers are equipped with an engine room at the front in the traveling direction on the self-propelled dolly, and a foliage crusher is mounted adjacent to the rear. The basic structure of this branch and leaf tree crushing apparatus consists of a branch and leaf tree input hopper having an input opening at the rear end, a pulverizing section for cutting and pulverizing the branch and leaf tree, and a branch and leaf tree that feeds the branch and leaf tree that has been input into the input hopper to the pulverization section. A feeding part and a crushed piece discharging part for discharging the crushed pieces crushed by the pulverizing part to the outside are provided.

  In the self-propelled branch-and-leaves crusher, as described in Patent Documents 2 to 4, for example, as a branch-and-leaves feeding hopper, the cart is inclined upward from the rear end of the branch-and-leaves tree feeding section. A first hopper (shredder hopper) that extends rearward and mainly receives bulky branches and leaves, and extends from the rear side surface of the pulverizing portion to the side of the vehicle and mainly inputs thick branches. The model is divided into a model equipped with a second hopper (chipper hopper) or a model equipped with only the second hopper without the first hopper. The first hopper is connected to a first pulverizing unit having a shredder for hitting and pulverizing into chips by a number of hammers rotating the loaded branches and leaves, and the second hopper is fed with a chopping blade by using a scissors blade. The 2nd crushing part provided with the chipper which cuts and grind | pulverizes is connected. Each of the first and second hoppers has a trumpet shape with an enlarged opening end. In addition, the arrangement positions of the first and second hoppers are arbitrarily determined, and the pulverizing mechanism of the pulverizing section connected to each hopper is not uniform.

The branch tree feed section has a first feed roller and a second feed roller that are respectively connected to the first and second hoppers. These rollers are independently driven by a hydraulic motor. The pulverized piece discharge section includes a blower for discharging the pulverized crushed pieces and a shooter connected to the blower to discharge and guide the discharged crushed pieces to a predetermined position.
Japanese Patent No. 2786605 JP-A-9-66507 JP 2000-202808 A JP 2000-263511 A

  On the other hand, recent noise regulations have become stricter, and various measures to prevent noise generation have been adopted for various work vehicles. Incidentally, even in the above-mentioned Patent Document 3, in a self-propelled branch and leaf pulverizer, noise sources such as an engine and a radiator cooling fan muffler installed on the frame of the self-propelled carriage are simply covered with covers. Instead, a cover is fixed to the frame of the self-propelled carriage via vibration isolation means, the noise source is covered with this fixed cover, and the noise from the noise source is blocked from the outside, and the vibration of the noise source is Even the noise generated by the system is suppressed so that the residents are not uncomfortable when operating in an urban area. At the same time, in the same document 3, a thin plate important device such as a radiator, a hydraulic oil tank, a fuel tank, etc. mounted on an opening / closing cover and a carriage is attached to a bracket fixed to the frame via a vibration isolating means, A cushioning material is interposed between the devices to suppress the vibration transmission between them, and the devices are prevented from being damaged by the vibration generated when the pulverized material is pulverized.

  By the way, the sources of noise in this self-propelled branch and tree crusher are mainly engines and radiator cooling fan mufflers as described above. Extremely uncomfortable. Further, as described above, the above-mentioned charging hopper installed in the self-propelled branch-and-leaves pulverizer has a trumpet tube shape whose cross-section expands from the base end portion to the input port, and the base end portion thereof. Is naturally connected to the crushing part. As a result, the noise generated in the pulverizing section is further expanded while passing through the trumpet-shaped charging hopper and discharged from the charging port to the outside. It has been found that the noise level measured at the operating portion near the opening of the hopper during this crushing exceeds 118 dB. This is a very large difference, although it is related to the distance from the noise source, of course, compared to the noise level of a tolerable magnitude that can be heard near normal factories and roadways where noise is said to be intense, It is a value that cannot be withstood for a long time.

  The present invention was developed based on the above-mentioned problems in this type of self-propelled branch-and-leaves crusher, and its specific purpose is to increase the noise from the input hopper of the branch-and-leaves having a loudspeaker function. It is providing the self-propelled branch-and-leaves tree grinder which can be reduced effectively.

  In order to achieve the object, the first invention of the present invention, on a self-propelled carriage, an input hopper into which a pruned or cut branch tree is input, a pulverizing unit for pulverizing the branch tree input into the hopper, A branch-and-leaves tree feeding unit that feeds the branches and leaves that have been put into the hopper to the pulverization unit; and a crushed piece discharge unit that discharges the crushed pieces crushed by the pulverization unit to the outside. A self-propelled branch-and-leaves tree crusher having a duct opening in a part of the hopper excluding a recessed opening and a sound-reducing duct having one end fixed to the opening.

  In the self-propelled branch and tree crusher, the input hopper includes a first hopper that inputs a pruned or cut bulky branch and leaves, and a second hopper that inputs a thick branch tree, Some models have a single hopper that throws together bulky branches and thick branches. In the case where the first and second hoppers are provided, the pulverization unit pulverizes the bulky branches and leaves that are put into the first hopper, and the relatively small hopper that is put into the second hopper. And a second crushing unit that cuts and crushes thick branches. Further, in a model having a single charging hopper, the second hopper is usually employed. Here, in the case of a model equipped with the first and second pulverizing parts, the first and second pulverizing parts are connected inside, and therefore the sound reduction duct is attached to the first and second hoppers. It is desirable. The duct opening is preferably provided in the top plate portion of the charging hopper, but can also be provided in the left and right side wall portions or the bottom plate portion.

Further, the second invention is characterized in that a sound emitting end portion of the sound reducing duct is connected to the branch tree feeding portion.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, a sound absorbing material is integrally attached and fixed to the inner surface of the sound reducing duct.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a branch tree intrusion prevention means for preventing a branch tree thrown into the hopper from entering the opening communicating with the sound reduction duct. It is said.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the hopper has a duct opening in a part of the hopper excluding the branch tree input opening and the branch tree feed opening, and one end of the sound reduction duct is fixed to the opening. Part of the noise generated in the pulverizing part discharged to the outside through the branch tree feeding opening of the hopper through the branch tree feeding part passes through the sound reduction duct from the duct opening formed in a part of the hopper. Released to the outside. That is, a part of the noise generated in the crushing part is released to the outside through the sound reduction duct, and the remaining part of the noise generated in the crushing part is opened in the hopper branching tree opening. Will be released to the outside. As a result of the distribution of noise emission parts to the branch tree input opening and the sound emission opening of the noise reduction duct, the amount of noise emitted from the branch tree input opening to the outside is significantly reduced while passing through the noise reduction duct. Noise is absorbed inside the noise reduction duct, greatly reducing the overall noise level.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, when the sound emission opening of the noise reduction duct is connected to the branch tree feeding section, the noise generated in the branch tree feeding section is also absorbed in the noise reduction duct, The noise emitted from the sound reduction duct to the outside, including the noise generated in the feeding section itself, can be greatly reduced.

  According to the third aspect of the invention, since the sound absorbing material is integrally attached to the inner surface of the sound reduction duct, the noise passing through the duct is absorbed and an effective sound reduction function is exhibited. As the sound absorbing material, a synthetic resin foam such as polyurethane or polystyrene, a glass fiber mat, a synthetic fiber non-woven mat, or the like is used. It is preferable that the foam has an open cell structure rather than a closed cell structure because the sound absorption coefficient is high.

  The inside of the hopper is a space for feeding branches and leaves, but it is also a passage space for feeding the branches and leaves that have been thrown into the crushing section. In many cases, the branches and leaves that are introduced into this tree are spread in all directions. In such a case, a part of the charged branches and leaves is caught in the duct opening formed in a part of the charging hopper and is not sent to the pulverizing part, but is stagnated on the spot, so that the pulverizing operation is not performed. The fourth invention solves such a problem, and includes, for example, branch tree intrusion prevention means such as a wire net having a mesh size that does not allow branches and leaves to enter the duct opening.

  DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the invention will be specifically described based on typical examples with reference to the drawings.

1 to 4 show the overall structure of a self-propelled branch-and-tree pulverizer showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in these drawings, an engine unit (not shown) such as an engine, a cool air fan, and a radiator is mounted on the front of the self-propelled carriage 1 in the traveling direction, and the entire engine unit is covered with a soundproof cover 2. Room 3 is configured. On the rear wall of the engine room 3, a pulverization unit 10 that cuts and pulverizes the branches and leaves that have been input from the input hopper 6, and a pulverized piece pulverized by the pulverization unit 10 is conveyed by air through the shooter 4. A housing 9 for housing the blower is connected. Further, behind the housing 9, a branch hopper input hopper 6 is connected via a branch tree feed section 5, and an operation section 7 in which an operation device is accommodated is connected. Here, since the internal configuration of the engine room 3 is not a feature of the present invention and is not substantially different from the conventional configuration, the specific description thereof will be omitted in the description of Patent Document 3 above.

  The branch tree feeding section 5 and the branch tree feeding hopper 6 are installed in the left half of the self-propelled branch tree crusher as viewed from the rear, and the operation section 7 is installed in the right half. Yes. The branch-and-leaves tree feeding section 5 is arranged to face the eccentric position of the crushing section 10. Therefore, the housing 9 is arranged at the center of the self-propelled branch-and-leaf tree crusher, and the blower (not shown) is also arranged on the same axis as the crushing unit 10 in the housing 21.

  First, the crushing unit 10 and the blower 20 will be specifically described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 6 specifically shows the pulverizing unit 10 and the blower 20. In the self-propelled branch and tree crusher of the present embodiment, the crushing unit 10 includes a chipper 11 and a hammer 12 that can cut and crush a bulky branch and leaf and a relatively thick tree, and the blower 20 shares the spindle 13 of the crushing unit 10. From the single branch-and-leaves input hopper 6, the branches and leaves that have been input without distinguishing between bulky branches and relatively thick branches are actively sent to the pulverizing unit 10 via the branch-and-leaves feeding unit 5. Send it in.

  5-7, the grinding | pulverization part 10 is driven by the belt through the transmission of the output of the engine which is not shown in the said engine room 3 and was installed. A chipper 11 is fixed to the rear end of the main shaft 13 in the traveling direction. In the chipper 11, a main body 11a is formed of a thick rotating disk, and a pair of long holes 11b are formed on the same diameter across a central axis thereof. Further, on the rear surface of the chipper main body 11a, a scissors blade 14 is fixed to the rear end edge portion of each long hole 11b as viewed in the rotation direction of the chipper 11. The chipper 11 is driven and rotated in one direction by the main shaft 13, and the branches and branches sent from the branch tree feeder 5 are cut to a predetermined thickness by the scissors blade 11c, and the cut piece is passed through the elongated hole 11a. It is sent into the space where the hammer 12 is installed.

A blower 20 is disposed in front of the chipper 11 at a predetermined interval from the chipper 11. The blower 20 is arranged in the circumferential direction of the first and second rotary plates 21 and 22 and the first and second rotary plates 21 and 22 fixed at the center of the main shaft 13 at a predetermined interval. The plurality of fan blades 23 are arranged and interposed between the first and second rotating plates 21 and 22. Further, the hammer 12 is disposed between the blower 20 and the chipper body 11a. The hammer 12 is made of a strip-shaped metal piece, and a plurality of hammers are attached to one or more rods 14 extending in parallel with the main shaft 13 between the chipper body 11a and the first rotating plate 21 of the blower 20. Each end of 12 is rotatably attached. In this embodiment, four rods 14 with a main shaft 13 as a center are arranged with a phase angle of 90 °, and both ends thereof are fixedly connected to the peripheral portions of the chipper body 11a and the first rotating plate 21. is doing. Further, three hammers 12 are rotatably attached to one rod 14 via spacers 14a. The hammer 12 rotates around the main shaft 13 along with the rotation of the chipper main body 11a, and at the same time, freely rotates about the rod 14 by centrifugal force, and hits the cut pieces of the branch tree cut by the chipper 11. Give and grind finely.

On the other hand, the diameter of the first rotating plate 21 of the blower 20 disposed closer to the chipper body 11a is set smaller than the diameter of the second rotating plate. On the outer peripheral edge of the first rotating plate 21, six triangular pieces 21 a are arranged in the circumferential direction with a phase angle of 45 ° and extend radially. The dimension from the center of the first rotating plate 21 to the tip of the triangular piece 21 a is equal to the radius of the second rotating plate 22. Also, the fan blade 23 is the same as the triangular piece 21a, and the six fan blades 23 radiate between the first and second rotating plates 21 and 22 with a phase angle of 60 ° in the circumferential direction. It is arranged. The fan blade 23 extends from the tip of the triangular piece 21 a toward the center of the first rotating plate 21, and its length is approximately ½ of the radius of the second rotating plate 22. .

  The chipper 11, the hammer 12, and the blower 20 configured as described above are accommodated in the housing 9 so as to surround the front and rear surfaces and the arc-shaped peripheral surface with an appropriate clearance from the inner wall surface of the disk-shaped housing 9. The rear wall 9a of the housing 9 is formed with an opening (not shown) that communicates with an opening (not shown) of the branch tree feeding section 5 that is installed facing the eccentric position. In addition, a crushed piece discharge opening 9c is formed in a part of the arc-shaped peripheral wall 9b of the housing 9 to discharge the crushed pieces of branch and leaf trees to the outside through the shooter 4, and the shooter 4 has an opening 9c. The proximal end is connected. As described above, only a slight clearance is formed between the inner wall surface of the arc-shaped peripheral wall 9 b of the housing 9 and the rotation circle of the chipper 11, the hammer 12, and the blower 20. A large opening 21b is formed between the housing 9 and the adjacent triangular plate 21a on the outer peripheral portion of the arranged first rotating plate 21. The crushed pieces of branches and leaves that have been cut by the chipper 11, crushed by the hammer 12 and repelled, enter the inside of the blower 20 through the opening 21b and are interposed between the first and second rotating plates 21 and 22. It rides on the air flow generated by the rotation of the arranged fan blades 23 and is guided to the crushed piece discharge opening 9c.

  FIGS. 8 and 9 show the above-described branch tree feeding section 5 and the charging hopper 6 in an enlarged manner, which are arranged behind the above-described crushing section 10. Here, the branch-and-leaves tree feeding unit 5 positively feeds the branch-and-leaves that have been thrown into the throwing hopper 6 into the chipper 11. Therefore, the branch tree feeding part 5 is installed between the charging hopper 6 and the crushing part 10, and as shown in enlarged view in these drawings, the front wall 24a of the branch tree feeding part 5 is provided. Is made of a flat plate, and its upper end and lower end are fixed to the rear wall 9a of the housing 9 with bolts or the like. A front end portion of the upper wall portion 24b is fixed to the upper end portion of the front wall portion 24a of the branch tree feeding portion 5 with a bolt, and a rear end portion of the upper wall portion 24b is bent downward at a right angle to be rear wall portion 24c. The whole shape of the front wall part 24a, the upper wall part 24b, and the rear wall part 24c is comprised in the substantially inverted U-shaped 1st frame 24. As shown in FIG. The front end of the charging hopper 6 is similarly fixed to the rear wall portion 24c with a bolt. At the lower end portions of the rear wall portion 24c and the front wall portion 24a, openings leading to the charging hopper 6 and the crushing portion 10 are formed.

Further, the upper wall portion 24b is formed to be narrower than the left and right widths of the front wall portion 24a and the rear wall portion 24c, and the branch tree feeding portion 5 further includes the upper wall portion 24b of the first frame body 24. It has the 2nd frame 25 which consists of the left-right side wall parts 25a and 25b of the shape straddling from the top. The second frame 25 is formed in a substantially inverted U shape by bending the upper ends of the left and right side wall portions 25a, 25b in a U shape and connecting the upper ends with bolts. Each of the left and right side wall portions 25a and 25b has a pair of brackets 26 projecting outward at the upper end portions, and the upper ends of tension springs 27 are hooked and attached to the brackets 26, respectively. Further, a branch tree feeding roller 28 is freely rotatable between a pair of bearing portions 28 fixed to the side wall portions 25a and 25b between the left and right side wall portions 25a and 25b below the center portion of the second frame 25. It is supported by. One end of the roller shaft 28 a is directly connected to an output shaft of a drive motor 29 fixed on the outer surface of the left and right side wall frame 25. On the other hand, the rear surface of the front wall portion 24 a of the first frame 24 guide plates 24d for guiding the front end surface of the second frame 25 is fixed. As shown in FIG. 10, the branch and leaves feeding roller 28 has eight saw blades 28c fixed in parallel to the roller shaft with a phase angle of 45 ° in the circumferential direction of the roller body 28b.

On the other hand, the first frame body 24 is further formed with a bottom wall portion 24e having the same width as the upper wall portion 24b. The bottom wall portion 24e is supported on the self-propelled carriage 1 by a support frame 30. It is by Ri支 equity to. Lower end portions of the left and right side wall portions 25 a and 25 b of the second frame body 25 extend downward beyond the bottom wall portion 24 e and the support frame 30. Wherein the pulling lower end of the hook bolt 31 in a position corresponding to the lower end of the spring 27 of the bottom wall portion 24e is height adjustably secured by a nut 31a. Upper hook of the hook bolt 31 is supported by hooking the lower end of the tension spring 27. Therefore, the second frame 25 moves up against the tension spring 27 and is always urged downward. The vertical movement of the second frame body 25 is such that the inner wall surfaces of the left and right side wall portions 25a and 25b are guided by the upper wall portion 24b and the bottom wall portion 24e of the first frame body 24 and the left and right side wall portions 25a and 25b. Since the front end surface of the first frame 24 is guided by the guide plate 24d of the first frame 24, it moves up and down in a stable posture. Further, the lower limit position of the second frame 25 when it is lowered and biased downward by the return force of the tension spring is a stopper made of a rubber material fixed to the inner surface of the ceiling portion of the second frame 25. 32 is a position where the lower end of 32 abuts on the upper surface of the upper wall 24b of the first frame.

  By the way, the charging hopper 6 has the most characteristic configuration for the present invention. The configuration and shape of the charging hopper 6 itself is almost the same as that of the conventional similar hoppers. That is, the charging hopper 6 has a front and rear opening, and has a trumpet shape whose cross section gradually increases from the front end toward the rear. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, 11 and 12, particularly FIGS. 11 and 12, the specific configuration in the present embodiment is such that the bottom plate 6 a of the charging hopper 6 is disposed horizontally and its shape is rearward from the front end. The left and right plate widths are a combination of a trapezoidal region in which the width of the plate extends linearly and a rectangular region that extends further rearward from the trapezoidal region. The left and right side walls 6b and 6c are erected vertically along the left and right end edges of the bottom plate 6a. The shape of the side walls 6b and 6c is such that the lower end edge is formed in a straight line horizontally and the upper end edge is upward from the front end to the middle. It is formed so as to be steeply inclined, and then the inclination becomes gentle and reaches the rear edge. And the lower end edge of this right-and-left side wall 6b, 6c is made longer back than the upper end edge. Further, the top plate 6d has the same shape as the bottom plate 6a in a top view, but the rear end of the left and right side walls 6b, 6c is shorter than the lower end of the bottom plate 6a. It is shorter than the front and back length.

In the rear end region of the steeply inclined portion of the top plate 6d, a pair of rectangular openings 34 that are divided into left and right that communicate with the internal space of the charging hopper 6 are formed. Around the duct opening 34, a base portion of a sound reduction duct 33 which is the most characteristic component of the present invention is fixed by bolting. The sound reduction duct 33, especially as shown in FIG. 11, and has an inclined portion 33 c which rises inclined with respect to the base portion 33a in a side view obliquely forward, a shape which rather ends in the horizontal portion 33b. And the front end surface of the said horizontal part 33b is obstruct | occluded, and the lower surface consists of a square cylinder open | released outside. Further, at the rear end edge of the bottom plate 6a of the input hopper 6, the rear end opening of the input hopper 6 is opened and closed, and when opened, the lower end edge of the opening / closing member 35 that becomes horizontal and on which a branch tree can be placed rotates. It is supported. The opening / closing member 35 is opened / closed manually .

The main body of the sound reduction duct 33 is made of a metal material, has a flange at the base end thereof, and is fixedly integrated around the duct opening 34 of the charging hopper 6 by bolts. According to the present embodiment, the upper end portion of the branch tree feeding portion 5 is inserted into the sound emitting opening formed in the lower surface of the distal end portion of the sound reducing duct 33. Further, a sound absorbing material 33d such as a non-woven mat made of various fibers such as a synthetic resin foam or glass fiber is attached to the entire inner wall surface of the sound reduction duct 33 with an adhesive or various fasteners. It is integrated. The shape and structure of the sound reduction duct 33 are not limited to the illustrated example, and the sound emission side end portion is not directly covered with the upper end of the branch tree feeding portion 5 as described above, and is simply directed to the outside air. May be arranged. However, when the open end of the sound reduction duct 33 is put on the upper end portion of the branch tree feeding portion 5 as described above as in the present embodiment, the noise transmitted from the inside of the charging hopper 6 is released to the outside. Is cut off by the first and second frames 24 and 25 of the branch tree feeding section 5 and absorbs noise generated when the branch tree feeding section 5 feeds the branch tree in the duct. Therefore, the noise passing through the duct is totally absorbed, and the level of noise emitted to the outside is further reduced, so that the sound reduction effect is further improved.

Furthermore, in the present embodiment, a wire mesh 37 is disposed in the duct opening 34 of the charging hopper 6 so that the branches and leaves that have been input to the charging hopper 6 enter the duct opening 34 and are caught, 10 is prevented from being smoothly delivered. The means for preventing this intrusion is not limited to the above-described wire mesh. For example, it is on the inlet side of the duct opening 34 of the charging hopper 6 and is formed on the top plate portion 6d of the hopper 6 with a synthetic resin. A highly flexible and tough sheet material made of, for example, may be attached in a warm manner. Even in this case, the same effect as that of the wire mesh 37 can be expected by closing the duct opening 34 by being pushed by the branch tree into which the sheet material has been introduced.

A procedure for cutting and pulverizing a branch tree that has been pruned by the self-propelled branch tree pulverizer according to the present embodiment will be specifically described.
Branches and leaves generated by the pruning of the roadside trees and sidewalks are thrown into the throwing hopper 6 installed in the latter half of the traveling direction of the self-propelled carriage 1 from the rear end throwing opening. At this time, the feeding roller 28 of the branch tree feeding unit 5 and the main shaft 13 of the crushing unit 10 are actively rotated by driving from the respective driving sources. The rotation of the main shaft 13 causes the chipper 11 and the blower 20 to rotate, and the hammer 12 disposed between the chipper 11 and the blower 20 also rotates about the main shaft 13. At this time, the hammer 12 rotates around the main shaft 13 and freely rotates around the rod 14.

  The branches and leaves that have been input to the input hopper 6 are reduced in volume while the volume of the tapered trumpet tubular space of the hopper 8 is reduced, and are sent to the bottom wall portion 24e of the first frame 24 of the above-mentioned branch tree feeder 5. It heads for the feeding space between the insertion rollers 28. Branches and leaves that have entered the feeding space are guided to the bottom wall portion 24e, and are forcibly fed to the crushing unit 10 that is sandwiched between the two by the rotation of the feeding roller 28 and disposed forward. In general, the volume and volume of branch trees are not uniform. If the gap between the bottom wall portion 24e and the feeding roller 28 does not fluctuate, for example, when the bulk or volume of the branch tree becomes large, the rotation of the feeding roller 28 is stopped, and the branch tree moves to the crushing unit 10. Not only being fed in but also burning the drive source of the feed roller 28. Further, for example, when the bulk and volume of the branches and leaves are reduced, the clamping force between the bottom wall portion 24e and the feeding roller 28 is reduced, the amount of feeding is reduced, and the pulverization efficiency is lowered.

  Therefore, the feeding roller 28 according to the present embodiment is moved up and down according to the volume and volume of the branches and leaves together with the second frame body 25, and the movement is followed using the elasticity of the tension spring 27. I am doing so. In other words, when the bulk and volume of the branches and leaves are increased, the feeding roller 28 is moved up via the second frame 25 against the elasticity of the tension spring 27, so that the gap between the bottom wall 24e and the feeding roller 28 is increased. On the other hand, when the bulk and volume of the branch tree are reduced, the feeding roller 28 is lowered together with the elastic second frame 25 of the tension spring 27 to narrow the gap. By doing so, the branch tree can be smoothly fed into the pulverizing unit 10 with an accurate feeding force regardless of the size and volume of the branch tree. Further, since a plurality of saw blades 28c are fixed to the peripheral surface of the roller main body 28b, the branching tree to be fed can be reliably taken up.

  The branch tree sent to the crushing unit 10 is first pushed out toward the chipper 11 that rotates in front of the crushing unit 10. Here, the branches and leaves are sequentially cut to a predetermined thickness by the scissors blade 11c fixed to the chipper body 11a. The cut piece is blown out to the front space through a long hole 11b formed on the side of the scissors blade 14. At this time, four sets of a plurality of hammers 12 (12 in total in the present embodiment) around the main shaft 13 are rotating together with the rods 14 at a high speed around the main shaft 13. Further, the hammer 12 freely rotates around the rod 14 around the rod 14. For this reason, the cut piece ejected from the long hole 11b of the chipper 11 to the front space is smashed and crushed by the hammer 12 rotating in the space.

  The crushed pieces thus pulverized ride on the air flow generated by the blower 20 disposed through the space and flow into the rotating space of the fan blade 23. At this time, the crushed pieces are formed between the gaps between the plurality of triangular pieces 21 a extended at the outer peripheral portion of the first rotating plate 21 of the blower 20 with a predetermined phase angle and the inner wall surface of the housing 9. It is guided to the rotation space of the fan blade 23 through the passage space. The crushed pieces introduced into the rotating space enter the crushed piece discharge opening 9 c formed on the arcuate peripheral surface of the housing 9 obliquely above, and are discharged to the outside through the shooter 4.

  In the above cutting and crushing operations, the crushing unit 10 generates a large noise due to the cutting and crushing sounds of the branches and leaves, or the foliage feeding sound of the foliage feeding unit 5. Normally, this noise spreads through the front and rear openings of the branch tree feeding section 5 into the inside of the trumpet tubular charging hopper 6 having a loudspeaker function, and the noise expanded by the charging tree hopper 6 passes through the branch tree charging opening. Released to the outside. However, since the charging hopper 6 according to the present invention is equipped with the sound reducing duct 33 as described above, the noise level emitted from the charging hopper 6 to the outside can be greatly reduced.

That is, in this embodiment, a pair of rectangular openings 34 divided into right and left that communicate with the internal space of the charging hopper 6 are formed in the rear end region of the steeply inclined portion of the top plate 6 d of the charging hopper 6. At the same time, the base of the sound reduction duct 33 is fixed around the duct opening 34 . Here, the installation position of the sound reduction duct 33 is not limited to the top plate 6d, and may be installed on, for example, one of the left and right side walls 6b and 6c or on the bottom plate 6a. In the present embodiment, the opening of the sound emitting end portion of the sound reduction duct 33 is covered with the upper ends of the first frame body 24 and the second frame body 25 of the foliage feeding section 5. Arranged. However, the sound emission side end portion of the sound reduction duct 33 may be simply disposed toward the outside air without covering the upper end portion of the branch tree feeding portion 5 as described above. Further, the sound reduction duct 33 in the present invention may be a simple box shape that protrudes from the charging hopper 6 and closes its end face.

  Now, before the noise generated in the pulverizing unit 10 and the branch tree feeding unit 5 travels through the inside of the charging hopper 6 and is released to the outside through the branch tree charging side opening, a part of the noise is generated in the charging hopper 6. It enters the sound reduction duct 33 through a duct opening 34 formed in the top plate 6d. In the present embodiment, part of the noise generated in the branch tree feeding section 5 also enters the inside of the duct 33 from the sound emission side opening of the sound reduction duct 33. The noise that has entered the sound reduction duct 33 is absorbed inside the sound reduction duct 33 and greatly reduces the volume level. Therefore, even if sound is emitted from the opening on the sound emission end side of the sound reduction duct 33, it is emitted with a very quiet volume.

  In the present embodiment, since the wire mesh 37 is disposed in the duct opening 34 of the charging hopper 6, the branch tree introduced into the charging hopper 6 enters the duct opening 34 and gets caught. Thus, the feed to the pulverizing unit 10 can be performed stably.

  Incidentally, Tables 1 and 2 show the results of noise experiments using the normal charging hopper not equipped with the above-described noise reduction duct 33 and the charging hopper 6 equipped with the noise reduction duct 33 according to the present invention. ing. As measurement conditions, noise measurement was performed for the first 2 seconds after the start of pulverization, and the measurement positions were set at four locations, front, rear, left and right. The number of experiments was such that cutting and crushing four branches and leaves using the input hopper 6 equipped with the sound reduction duct 33 according to the present invention, and using a normal input hopper not equipped with the sound reduction duct 33. In the experiment, three branches and leaves were used. The bottom column in the table is the average value of the noise level (dB) obtained by these experiments.

  As is apparent from these tables, the noise level when the noise reduction duct 33 is installed at the rear position of the hopper where the noise is most intense around the input hopper is higher than the noise level when the noise reduction duct 33 is not installed. Is also as small as 4 dB. It is usually considered extremely difficult to reduce the value of the noise level by 4 dB in an extremely large noise level region at the rear position of the charging hopper. It can be seen that it shows how effective the sound reduction effect of the sound reduction duct according to the present invention is.

  The crushed pieces of branches and leaves pulverized by the pulverizing unit 10 as described above are applied to the peripheral surface of the housing 9 surrounding the fan blade 23 by the suction force generated by the blower 20 that is rotated by the drive rotation of the main shaft 13. And flows through the shooter 4 having the base end connected to the discharge opening 9c through the crushing piece discharge opening 9c of the housing 9 formed obliquely above the periphery of the fan blade 20a. Discharge in a desired direction. The crushed pieces discharged by the blower 20 in this manner are usually put into a loading platform of a crushed piece transporter that travels ahead of the front of the self-propelled branch-and-leaves pulverizer.

  13 and 14 show the entire structure of a self-propelled branch-and-leaves tree crusher that is a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the difference from the first embodiment described above is that there is the crushing part 110, a shredder 116 that crushes branches and leaves that are bulky and large in volume, and a chipper that cuts relatively thick branches into chips. 119 and a second charging hopper 129 for charging the branches and leaves and a first charging hopper 129 for charging the branches. Other configurations are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment.

  FIG. 15 shows an arrangement structure of the shredder 116 and the chipper 119 and the blower 120 which are the first and second cutting portions in the present embodiment, and the chipper hopper 129 which is the second hopper. FIG. 16 shows the structure of the first and second cutting parts and the blower, and FIG. 17 shows the structure of the chipper 119. In these drawings, the crushing part 110 is connected to a main shaft 112 that is rotationally driven from the left side in the forward direction via a transmission 111 by an engine (not shown) installed in the engine room 103, and a connecting member 113 and a hammer holding rod 114. A shredder 116 which is a first cutting portion having a plurality of shredder hammers 115 rotatably attached thereto is attached, and also from a rotating disk 118 having a scissors blade 117 which is also fixed to the driving side end portion of the main shaft 112. A chipper 119 which is a second cutting portion is attached. The chipper 119 has the same structure as that of the first embodiment. Further, a blower 120 including a plurality of fan blades 120a attached between the main shaft 112 and the rotating disk 118 of the chipper 119 is provided.

  These shredder 116, chipper 119, and blower 120 are accommodated in the same housing 121. An opening having a width corresponding to the left and right width of the shredder 116 is formed in the rear wall portion in the forward direction of the housing 121, and the opening is an internal space of the first charging hopper 108 via the branch tree feeding portion 107. Connected with. Here, the structure of the branch tree feeding unit 107 is not substantially different from that of the first embodiment. The shredder 116 is suitable for pulverizing a large amount of branches and leaves that are bulky and relatively thin, and the shredder hammer 115 that is rotated at a high speed is crushed by crushing the branches and leaves that are input from the first input hopper 108.

The shredder hammer 115 has a plurality of connecting members 113 arranged at the same pitch along the axial direction of the main shaft 112 and extending in the radial direction, and the distal ends of the connecting members 113 aligned in the axial direction of the main shaft 112 are parallel to the main shaft 112 . A shredder 116 is formed which includes a plurality of hammer holding rods 114 connected to each other and a plurality of shredder hammers 115 attached to each hammer holding rod 114 at the same pitch so as to be rotatable around one end. A plurality of fan blades 120a are attached to one end of the main shaft 112 around the main shaft to constitute the blower 120.

  The blower 120 is configured by fixing a plurality of fan blades 120 a to the peripheral surface of the main shaft 112. The fan blade 120a is attached to the main shaft 112 with the same phase angle in the circumferential direction around the main shaft 112, and is made of a plate material from which a part of the hypotenuse of a substantially right triangle is missing. A wide space is formed between the fan blade 120a and the housing 121 surrounding the fan blade 120a so that the crushed pieces crushed by the shredder 116 can pass freely while avoiding interference with the fan blade 120a. On the arcuate circumferential surface of the housing 121 surrounding the fan blade 120a, a crushed piece discharge port 122 is formed obliquely above the fan blade 120a, and the upper end of the crushed piece discharge port 122 is curved at a substantially right angle. Is attached to the base end portion of the shooter 105 having an inverted L shape so that the rotational position around the vertical axis can be adjusted. The crushed pieces crushed by the shredder 116 are put on the air flow from the crushed piece discharge port 122 together with the air sucked from the inlet side opening of the first charging hopper 108 by the driving rotation of the blower 120, and through the shooter 4 to the outside. And exhale.

16 and 17 show the configuration of the chipper 119 that is the second cutting portion. The chipper 119 includes a rotating disk 118 and a pair of scissors blades 117 disposed at point-symmetric positions on the outer peripheral side from the center of the rotating disk 118. A blade edge 117a of each scissors blade 117 is disposed to face the inner surface of the side wall of the housing 121, and each scissors blade 117 is fixed to the rotating disk 118 in parallel across the same diameter line. A long hole 118a is formed at the position of the rotary disk 118 corresponding to the cutting edge 117a of the scissors blade 117. Between the outer peripheral edge portion of the rotating disk 118 and the inner wall surface of the housing 121, when the rotating disk 118 rotates and cuts the branch tree, a space portion in which the cut piece flies toward the shredder 116 is formed. Have. Further, an opening is formed in the rotation region of the scissors blade 117 at a position obliquely above the bearing portion with respect to the main shaft 112 of the housing 121. The base end portion of the second charging hopper 129 is attached to this opening. The second charging hopper 129 protrudes outward from the opening with a large upward inclination angle, and an opening (not shown) is also formed on the top plate portion of the second charging hopper 129, so that the second sound reduction duct is formed. The base end of 133 ′ is fixed to the periphery of the opening. The sound emission side end of the second sound reduction duct 133 ′ is directed to the chipper 119.

  Further, in the present embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the configuration of the first charging hopper 108 provided at the rear portion in the traveling direction of the self-propelled carriage 1 is not substantially different from that in the first embodiment. . That is, the charging hopper 108 has an opening in the front and rear, and has a trumpet shape whose cross section gradually increases from the front end toward the rear. However, in this embodiment, the charging hopper has a simple truncated polygonal pyramid shape. As in the first embodiment, the top plate 108a is formed with a rectangular opening (not shown) that is divided into left and right sides that communicate with the internal space of the first charging hopper 108. The base of the first sound reduction duct 133 is fixed by bolting.

  The main bodies of the first and second sound reduction ducts 133 and 133 ′ are made of metal, and the sound absorbing material 130 is attached and integrated on the entire inner surface with an adhesive and various stoppers as in the above embodiment. . Even in the present embodiment, the installation of the first and second sound reduction ducts 133 and 133 ′ greatly reduces the noise level emitted from the first input hopper 108 to the outside, and the second input hopper 129 externally. Similarly, the noise level emitted to the slab is reduced.

Next, a procedure for pulverizing the pruned trees with the self-propelled branch pulverizer according to the present embodiment will be described.
Bulky branches and leaves that are generated by pruning of roadside trees and sidewalks are thrown into the rear end opening of the first throwing hopper 108 installed in the latter half of the traveling direction of the self-propelled carriage 1. At the same time, the relatively thick branch tree is thrown into the second throwing hopper 129. The bulky branches and leaves thrown into the first throwing hopper 108 are smashed and crushed by a shredder hammer 115 that rotates at a high speed along with the rotation of the main shaft 112 of the shredder 116 via the branch tree feeding part 107. On the other hand, the relatively thick branch tree that has been thrown into the second throwing hopper 129 exceeds the opening of the housing 121 and is close to the inner surface thereof, and the scissors blade 117 attached to the chipper 119 that rotates with the rotation of the main shaft 13. Is cut into chips. The chip-shaped cut pieces cut by the chipper 119 are discharged from the shooter 105 by the blowing of the fan blade 120a of the adjacent blower.

  The bulky branches and thick branches sent to the crushing unit 110 are cut by the shredder 116 and the chipper 119 of the crushing unit 110 and pulverized finely. At the time of pulverization of the leaves and branches, a very high level of noise is generated in each pulverization section. Since the shredder 116 and the chipper 119 are arranged in the common space of the same housing 121, the noise is expanded and emitted from the input port of the first input hopper 108 and the chip hopper 129 to the outside in any case. The

  Therefore, in this embodiment, the second input hopper 129 is also equipped with a second sound reduction duct 133 '. Noise that passes through the internal spaces of the first and second charging hoppers 108 and 129 is enlarged in the space and discharged as high-level noise from the charging port. Thus, as described above, a sound absorbing material (not shown) is attached to the entire inner surface through the openings formed in the top plate portion 108a of the first charging hopper 108 and the side wall portion of the second charging hopper 129 according to the present embodiment. Since the first and second sound reduction ducts 133 and 133 ′ are mounted, a part of the noise that has passed through the insides of the first and second input hoppers 108 and 129 from the crushing unit 110 that is a noise generation source. Is absorbed while passing through the first and second sound reduction ducts 133 and 133 ′, and the amount of noise emitted from the rear end inlets of the respective input hoppers 108 and 129 is greatly reduced. That level is also significantly reduced.

It is the perspective view which looked at the self-propelled branch-and-leaves tree crusher which is 1st Example of this invention from the right rear. It is a side view of the crusher. It is a top view of the crusher. It is a front view of the crusher. It is an internal structure figure which cuts and shows the principal part of the crusher. It is a perspective view which shows the internal structure of the grinding | pulverization part of the same grinder. It is a front view shown with an imaginary line centering on a fan in a crushing part of the crusher. It is a side view which expands and shows the branch tree feeding part of the same crusher. It is A arrow view in FIG. It is an arrow line view along the BB line in FIG. It is a side view which shows the external appearance of the noise reduction duct with which the charging hopper and the hopper of the crusher were mounted | worn. It is the same top view. It is a side view which shows the whole self-propelled branch tree pulverizer which is 2nd Example of this invention. It is a top view of the crusher. It is an internal structure figure which cuts and shows the principal part of the crusher. It is sectional drawing which shows the internal structure of the grinding | pulverization part of the same grinder. It is a front view which shows the 2nd cutting part of the crushing part.

Explanation of symbols

1 Self-propelled cart
2 Soundproof cover 3 Engine room 4 Shooter 5 Branch and leaf tree feeding portion 6 Loading hopper 6a Bottom plate 6b, 6c Left and right side walls 6d Top plate 7 Operation portion 9 Housing 9a Rear wall 9b Arc-shaped peripheral wall 9c Grinding piece discharge opening 10 Grinding portion 11 Chipper 11a Chipper body 11b Long hole 11c Cutter blade 12 Hammer
13 Main shaft 14 Rod 14a Spacer 20 Blower 21 First rotating plate 21a Triangular piece 22 Second rotating plate 23 Fan blade 24 First frame body 24a Front wall portion 24b Upper wall portion 24c Rear wall portion 24d Guide plate
24e Bottom wall part 25 2nd frame 25a, 25b Left-right side wall part 26 Bracket
27 Tension spring 28 Branched tree feed roller 28a Roller shaft 28b Roller body 28c Saw blade 29 Drive motor 30 Support frame 31 Brace bolt 31a Nut 32 Stopper 33 Sound reduction duct 33a Base 33b Horizontal portion 33c Inclined portion 33d Sound absorbing material 34 For duct Opening 35 Opening / closing member 36 Roller operation lever 37 Wire net 103 Engine room 105 Shutter 107 Branch and leaf wood feeding part 108 First feeding hopper 108a Top plate 110 Crushing part 111 Transmission 112 Main shaft 113 Connecting member 114 Hammer holding rod 115 Shredder hammer 116 Shredder 117鉋 Blade 117a Blade 118 Rotating disc 118a Long hole 119 Chipper 120 Blower 120a Fan blade 121 Housing 122 Crushing piece discharge port 129 Second input hopper 130 Sound absorbing material 131 Metal mesh 133, 133 ′ Sound duct

Claims (5)

A hopper into which a pruned or cut branch tree is put on a self-propelled carriage, a pulverizing unit for pulverizing the branch tree put into the hopper, and a branch leaf that feeds the branch tree put into the hopper into the pulverizing unit A tree feed section; and a pulverized piece discharge section for discharging the crushed pieces crushed by the pulverization section to the outside. A duct opening is provided in a part of the hopper except for the branch tree input opening and the branch tree feed opening. And having
It has a sound reduction duct with one end fixed to the duct opening,
A self-propelled branch-and-leaf tree crusher characterized by that.   The self-propelled branch-and-leaves tree crusher according to claim 1, wherein the other end of the sound reduction duct is connected to the branch-and-leaves tree feeding part.   The self-propelled branch-and-leaves tree pulverizer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a sound absorbing material is integrally attached and fixed to an inner surface of the sound reduction duct.   The self-propelled branch-and-leaves tree crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein at least one charging hopper is arranged.   The branching tree intrusion prevention means for preventing the branching tree put into the hopper from entering the duct opening communicating with the sound reduction duct is provided inside the hopper. Item 5. A self-propelled branch tree grinder according to any one of Items 1 to 4.

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