JP4078476B2 - Azo compound or salt thereof and dye-based polarizing film containing them - Google Patents

Azo compound or salt thereof and dye-based polarizing film containing them Download PDF

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JP4078476B2
JP4078476B2 JP2000288262A JP2000288262A JP4078476B2 JP 4078476 B2 JP4078476 B2 JP 4078476B2 JP 2000288262 A JP2000288262 A JP 2000288262A JP 2000288262 A JP2000288262 A JP 2000288262A JP 4078476 B2 JP4078476 B2 JP 4078476B2
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Prior art keywords
polarizing film
dye
salt
azo compound
formula
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JP2001240762A (en
Inventor
豊 栢根
朗宏 田熊
成年 林
義輝 太田
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Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd
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Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、染料、特に偏光膜用の黄色染料として有用なアゾ化合物又はその塩及びそれらを含有してなる染料系偏光膜に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
偏光膜は、延伸配向したポリビニルアルコール系のフィルム又は、ポリ塩化ビニルフィルムの脱塩酸若しくはポリビニルアルコール系フィルムの脱水によりポリエンを生成して配向せしめたポリエン系のフィルムなどの偏光膜基材に、偏光素子としてヨウ素や二色性染料を含有させて製造される。これらのうち、ヨウ素系偏光膜は、初期偏光性能には優れるものの、熱に対する耐久性や水に対する耐久性が劣るため、高温・高湿の状態ではその性能が低下するという問題がある。このような耐久性を向上させるために、ホルムアルデヒド又はホウ酸を含む水溶液で処理する方法や、透湿度の低い高分子フィルムを保護膜として用いる方法などが考えられているが、未だ十分とはいえない。
【0003】
一方、偏光素子として二色性染料を用いた染料系偏光膜は、ヨウ素系偏光膜に比べて熱及び水に対する耐久性に優れるものの、一般に初期偏光性能が劣る傾向があり、特に初期偏光性能に優れた偏光膜用黄色染料が要望されている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明者は、偏光膜製造時の染色性が良好であり、偏光性能や、高温、高湿条件における耐久性及び耐光性に優れ、且つ、高分子フィルムに2種類以上の二色性染料を吸着配向させてなる液晶プロジェクター用途等の偏光膜において、400〜500nmの範囲の比較的短波長の領域をカバーする黄色染料を探索した結果、特定のアゾ化合物又はその塩が上記目的を達成することを見出して、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
すなわち、本発明は、
(イ)下式(I)
【0006】
【化3】

Figure 0004078476
【0007】
(式中、A及びBは、同一又は相異なり、スルホ及びカルボキシルから選ばれる1若しくは2個の水溶性基を有するフェニル又は1〜3個のスルホを有するナフチルを表し、R1、R2、R3、R4、R5及びR6は、同一又は相異なり、水素、低級アルキル又は低級アルコキシを表し、Xは、−N=N−又は−NHCO−を表す。)
で示されるアゾ化合物又はその塩、
並びに、
(ロ)上記(イ)のアゾ化合物又はその塩を偏光膜基材に含有してなる染料系偏光膜を提供するものである。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
上式(I)におけるA及びBは、同一又は相異なり、スルホ及びカルボキシルから選ばれる1もしくは2個の水溶性基を有しているフェニル又は1〜3個のスルホを有するナフチルである。上記フェニルとしては、例えば、2−、3−又は4−スルホフェニル、2−、3−又は4−カルボキシフェニル、2,4−又は2,5−ジスルホフェニル、3,5−ジカルボキシフェニル、及び、2−カルボキシ−4−又は−5−スルホフェニルなどが挙げられる。又、上記ナフチルとしては、例えば、5−、6−、7−又は8−スルホ−2−ナフチル、4−、5−、6−又は7−スルホ−1−ナフチル、6,8−、4,8−、5,7−又は3,6−ジスルホ−2−ナフチル、3,6−又は4,6−ジスルホ−1−ナフチル、及び、3,6,8−又は4,6,8−トリスルホ−2−ナフチル等が挙げられる。
前記したフェニルとしては、モノスルホフェニルが好ましい。又、前記したナフチルとしては、ジスルホナフチルが好ましく、ジスルホ−2−ナフチルが特に好ましい。
【0009】
1 、R2 、R3 、R4 、R5 及びR6 は、同一又は相異なり、水素、低級アルキル又は低級アルコキシであり、該低級アルキル及び低級アルコキシとしては、炭素数1〜4の直鎖もしくは分岐状のものが好ましい。低級アルキルの具体例としては、メチル、エチル及びプロピルなどが挙げられる。また、低級アルコキシの具体例としては、メトキシ、エトキシ及びプロポキシ等が挙げられる。
上記のR1〜R6としては、二色性の観点から、水素、メチル又はメトキシが特に好ましい。
又、上式(I)におけるXは、−N=N−又は−NHCO−を表す。
【0010】
本発明の偏光膜(ロ)は、上記(イ)のアゾ化合物又はその塩を偏光膜基材に含有してなるものである。
【0011】
偏光膜用染料としては、式(I)で示されるアゾ化合物又はその塩に加えて、更に、極大吸収波長が500〜650nmの範囲である染料を含有する組成物が好ましく、極大吸収波長が500〜570nmの範囲である染料を含有する組成物が特に好ましい。
極大吸収波長が500〜650nmの範囲である染料としては、下式(V)で示されるアゾ化合物又はその塩が好ましい。
【0012】
【化4】
Figure 0004078476
【0013】
(式中、Dは、スルホ及びカルボキシルから選ばれる1若しくは2個の水溶性基を有し、更に、低級アルキル及び低級アルコキシから選ばれる1若しくは2個の基を有していてもよいフェニル、又は1〜3個のスルホを有するナフチルを表し、R7、R8、R9及びR10は、互いに同一又は相異なり、水素、低級アルキル又は低級アルコキシを表し、Eは、−NH−、−N=N−又は−NHCO−を表し、Fは、ヒドロキシ、アミノ、低級アルキル、低級アルコキシ及びスルホから選ばれる1若しくは2個の基を有していてもよいフェニルを表し、nは0又は1を表す。)
【0014】
式(V)におけるDは、スルホ及びカルボキシルから選ばれる基を1もしくは2個有しており、更に、低級アルキル及び低級アルコキシから選ばれる1若しくは2個の基を有していてもよいフェニル、又は、スルホを1〜3個有しているナフチルである。
上記Dで示されるフェニルとしては、例えば2−、3−又は4−スルホフェニル、2−、3−又は4−カルボキシフェニル、2,4−又は2,5−ジスルホフェニル、3,5−ジカルボキシフェニル、2−カルボキシ−4−又は−5−スルホフェニル、2−又は3−メチル−4−スルホフェニル、2−又は3−メチル−4−カルボキシフェニル、2,5−ジメチル−4−スルホフェニル、2,5−ジメチル−4−カルボキシフェニル、2−又は3−メトキシ4−スルホフェニル、2−又は3−メトキシ4−カルボキシフェニル、2,5−ジメトキシ4−スルホフェニル、及び、2,5−ジメトキシ4−カルボキシフェニル等が挙げられる。又、上記Dで示されるナフチルとしては、例えば、5−、6−、7−又は8−スルホ−2−ナフチル、4−、5−、6−又は7−スルホ−1−ナフチル、6,8−、4,8−、5,7−又は3,6−ジスルホ−2−ナフチル、3,6−又は4,6−ジスルホ−1−ナフチル、及び、3,6,8−又は4,6,8−トリスルホ−2−ナフチル等が挙げられる。
【0015】
上記のDで示されるフェニルとしては、モノスルホフェニルが好ましい。又、上記のDで示されるナフチルとしては、ジスルホナフチルが好ましく、ジスルホ−2−ナフチルが特に好ましい。
【0016】
7、R8、R9及びR10で表される低級アルキル及び低級アルコキシは、それぞれ、炭素数1〜4の直鎖又は分岐状のものが好ましい。上記の低級アルキルの具体例としては、メチル、エチル、プロピル等が挙げられる。又、低級アルコキシの具体例としては、メトキシ、エトキシ、プロポキシ等が挙げられる。
7〜R10としては、二色性の観点から、水素、メチル又はメトキシが特に好ましい。
【0017】
式(V)において、Fで示されるフェニルの置換基としての低級アルキル及び低級アルコキシは、各々、炭素数1〜4の直鎖又は分岐状のものが好ましい。上記低級アルキルの具体例としては、メチル、エチル、プロピル等が挙げられる。又、上記低級アルコキシの具体例としては、メトキシ、エトキシ、プロポキシ等が挙げられる。Fとしては、フェニル、4−アミノフェニル及びヒドロキシフェニルが特に好ましい。
【0018】
式(V)で示されるアゾ化合物又はその塩としては、nが0であるものが好ましく、具体的には、以下のものが例示される。
【0019】
【化5】
Figure 0004078476
【0020】
【化6】
Figure 0004078476
【0021】
【化7】
Figure 0004078476
【0022】
【化8】
Figure 0004078476
【0023】
アゾ化合物(I)又はその塩は、例えば、以下に述べる方法によって製造することができる。
即ち、先ず、下式(II)
NH2−B (II)
(式中、Bは前記の意味を表す。)
で示される芳香族アミン化合物を、水性溶媒中、常法によりクロロ炭酸フェニルと反応させて、下式 (III)
【0024】
【化9】
Figure 0004078476
【0025】
(式中、Bは前記の意味を表す)
で示されるカルバメート化合物を得る。次いで、このカルバメート化合物と、下式(IV)
【0026】
Figure 0004078476
【0027】
(式中、A、X、R1、R2、R3、R4、R5及びR6は、前記の意味を表す。)
で示されるアゾ中間化合物とを、水性溶媒中、20〜60℃で反応させることにより、アゾ化合物(I)を得ることができる。
【0028】
極大吸収波長が500〜650nmの範囲のアゾ化合物(V)又はその塩は、例えば、以下に述べる方法によって製造することができる。即ち、先ず、下式(VI)
【0029】
【化10】
Figure 0004078476
【0030】
(式中、D、n、R7、R8、R9及びR10は前記の意味を表す。)
で示される化合物を、酸性の水性媒体中で亜硝酸ナトリウムと反応させて、ジアゾ化する。得られたジアゾ化物を、下式(VII)
【0031】
【化11】
Figure 0004078476
【0032】
(式中、E及びFは前記の意味を表す。)
で示される化合物と、水性媒体中、5〜40℃、pH6〜9の条件下で反応させることにより、式(V)で示されるアゾ化合物又はその塩を得ることができる。
【0033】
上記アゾ化合物(I)が塩の形で存在する場合、その塩としては、リチウム塩やナトリウム塩、カリウム塩のようなアルカリ金属塩、アンモニウム塩、及び、エタノールアミン塩やアルキルアミン塩のような有機アミン塩等が挙げられる。アゾ化合物(I)を偏光膜基材に含有させる場合は、ナトリウム塩の形で用いるのが好ましい。
【0034】
アゾ化合物(I)又はその塩を偏光膜基材に含有させて偏光膜とする場合は、他の有機染料と併用することにより、色相を補正し、偏光性能を向上させることができる。この場合に用いられる有機染料としては、二色性の高いものであればいかなる染料でもよいが、特に耐光性に優れる染料を選択することにより、液晶プロジェクター用途に適した偏光膜とすることができる。
【0035】
本発明の染料系偏光膜(ロ)は、アゾ化合物(I)又はその塩からなる、あるいは、さらに他の有機染料を含んでなる二色性染料を、偏光膜基材である高分子フィルムに公知の方法で含有させることによって、製造することができる。この高分子フィルムとしては、例えば、ポリビニルアルコール系の樹脂、ポリ酢酸ビニル樹脂、エチレン/酢酸ビニル(EVA)樹脂、ナイロン樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂などからなるものが利用される。ここでいうポリビニルアルコール系の樹脂には、ポリ酢酸ビニルの部分又は完全ケン化物であるポリビニルアルコール自体のほか、ケン化EVA樹脂のような、酢酸ビニルと他の共重合可能な単量体、例えば、エチレンやプロピレンのようなオレフィン類、クロトン酸やアクリル酸、メタクリル酸、マレイン酸のような不飽和カルボン酸類、不飽和スルホン酸類、ビニルエーテル類などとの共重合体のケン化物、さらにはポリビニルアルコールをアルデヒドで変性したポリビニルホルマールやポリビニルアセタールなども包含される。偏光膜基材としては、ポリビニルアルコール系のフィルム、特にポリビニルアルコールフィルムが、染料の吸着性及び配向性の点から、好適に用いられる。
【0036】
このような高分子フィルムに二色性染料を含有させるにあたっては、通常、高分子フィルムを染色する方法が採用される。染色は、例えば次のようにして行うことができる。まず、二色性染料を水に溶解して染浴を調製する。染浴中の染料濃度は特に制限されないが、通常は0.0001〜10重量%の範囲から選択される。また、必要により染色助剤を用いてもよく、例えば、芒硝を染浴中で1〜10重量%用いるのが好適である。このようにして調製した染浴に高分子フィルムを浸漬し、染色を行う。染色温度は、好ましくは40〜80℃である。二色性染料の配向は、高分子フィルムを延伸することによって行われる。延伸する方法としては、例えば湿式法や乾式法など、公知のいずれの方法を採用してもよい。高分子フィルムの延伸は、染色の前に行っても、染色の後に行ってもよい。
【0037】
二色性染料を含有させ、配向させた高分子フィルムは、必要に応じて、公知の方法によりホウ酸処理などの後処理が施される。このような後処理は、偏光膜の光線透過率、偏光度及び耐久性を向上させる目的で行われる。ホウ酸処理の条件は、用いる高分子フィルムの種類や用いる染料の種類によって異なるが、一般的には、ホウ酸水溶液のホウ酸濃度を1〜15重量%、好ましくは5〜10重量%の範囲とし、処理は30〜80℃、好ましくは50〜80℃の温度範囲で行われる。さらには必要に応じて、カチオン系高分子化合物を含む水溶液でフィックス処理を併せて行ってもよい。
【0038】
このようにして得られる染料系偏光膜は、その片面又は両面に、光学的透明性及び機械的強度に優れる保護膜を貼合して、偏光板とすることができる。保護膜を形成する材料は、従来から使用されているものでよく、例えば、セルロースアセテート系フィルムやアクリル系フィルムのほか、四フッ化エチレン/六フッ化プロピレン共重合体のようなフッ素樹脂系フィルム、ポリエステル系フィルム、ポリオレフィン系フィルム、ポリアミド系フィルムなどが用いられる。
【0039】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により本発明をさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの例により、何ら限定されるものではない。例中の「%」及び「部」は、特記ない限り、重量%及び重量部である。
【0040】
実施例1
スルファニル酸ナトリウム8部を水100部に溶解した後、20〜25℃の温度で、15%炭酸ナトリウム水溶液によりpH7〜8に調整しながら、クロロ炭酸フェニル8部を30分かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、同温度及び同pHで1時間攪拌後、析出した結晶を濾過して、下式(1)で示される中間体を得た。
【0041】
【化12】
Figure 0004078476
【0042】
上記で得た中間体(1)の全量と、下式(2)
【0043】
【化13】
Figure 0004078476
【0044】
で示されるトリスアゾ中間化合物7部を、水100部及びN−メチルピロリドン100部の混合液に加え、40〜45℃の温度で、15%炭酸ナトリウム水溶液によりpH8〜9に調整しながら3時間攪拌した。不溶解物を濾過により除いた後、濾液にエタノール300部を加えて結晶を析出させた。この析出した結晶を濾過した後、得られたケーキを水220部とN−メチルピロリドン80部の混合液に再度、溶解した。この液に塩化ナトリウム30部を加え、析出した結晶を濾過することにより、下式(Ia)で示されるトリスアゾ化合物の塩を得、この塩は、水性媒体中でλmax 419nmを示した。
【0045】
【化14】
Figure 0004078476
【0046】
実施例2
実施例1と同様にして中間体(1)を得、その全量と、下式(3)
【0047】
【化15】
Figure 0004078476
【0048】
で示されるジスアゾ中間化合物7部を、水100部及びN−メチルピロリドン100部の混合液に加え、40〜45℃の温度で、15%炭酸ナトリウム水溶液によりpH8〜9に調整しながら5時間攪拌した。不溶解物を濾過により除いた後、濾液にエタノール300部を加えて結晶を析出させた。この析出した結晶を濾過した後、得られたケーキを水100部とN−メチルピロリドン100部の混合液に再度溶解した。この液にエタノール200部を加え、析出した結晶を濾過することにより、下式(Ib)で示されるジスアゾ化合物の塩を得た。この塩は、水性媒体中でλmax 404nmを示した。
【0049】
【化16】
Figure 0004078476
【0050】
実施例3
2−アミノナフタレン−6,8−ジスルホン酸12部を水150部に加え、さらに20%苛性ソーダ水溶液を加えてpH7にして溶解した後、20〜25℃の温度で、15%炭酸ナトリウム水溶液によりpH7〜8に調整しながら、クロロ炭酸フェニル7部を30分かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、同温度及び同pHで1時間攪拌した後、不溶解物を濾過して、下式(4)で示される中間体の水溶液を得た。
【0051】
【化17】
Figure 0004078476
【0052】
得られた中間体(4)の水溶液全量に、下式(5)
【0053】
【化18】
Figure 0004078476
【0054】
で示されるトリスアゾ中間化合物5部とN−メチルピロリドン150部を加え、40〜45℃の温度で、15%炭酸ナトリウム水溶液によりpH8〜9に調整しながら4時間攪拌した後、反応液にエタノール300部を加えて結晶を析出させた。この析出した結晶を濾過した後、得られたケーキを水30部とN−メチルピロリドン70部の混合液に再度溶解した。この液にエタノール100部を加え、析出した結晶を濾過することにより、下式(Ic)で示されるトリスアゾ化合物の塩を得た。この塩は、水性媒体中でλmax 413nmを示した。
【0055】
【化19】
Figure 0004078476
【0056】
実施例4
原料化合物を変更する以外は、実施例1〜3に準拠することにより、それぞれ、下式(Id)、(Ie)、(If)及び(Ig)で示されるアゾ化合物の塩を得た。
【0057】
【化20】
Figure 0004078476
【0058】
これらの塩は、水性媒体中で、各々、420nm、404nm、419nm及び410nmのλmax を示した。
【0059】
実施例5
厚さ75μm のポリビニルアルコールフィルム[クラレビニロン#7500、(株)クラレ製品]を縦一軸に5倍延伸して、偏光膜基材とした。このポリビニルアルコールフィルムを緊張状態に保ったまま、実施例1で得られた式(Ia)で示されるトリスアゾ化合物の塩を0.025%、染色助剤である芒硝を2.0%の濃度とした70℃の水溶液に浸漬した。次に78℃の7.5%ホウ酸水溶液に5分間浸漬したのち取り出して、20℃の水で20秒間洗浄し、50℃で乾燥することにより、偏光膜を得た。得られた偏光膜のλmax (膜の延伸方向の透過率が最小となる波長)は450nmであり、この偏光膜は高い偏光度を有し、高温・高湿の状態でも長時間にわたる耐久性を示した。また、長時間暴露に対する耐光性にも優れていた。
【0060】
実施例6
実施例2で得られた式(Ib)で示されるジスアゾ化合物の塩を用い、染色浴の温度を65℃に、またホウ酸処理の温度を73℃に変更して、実施例5と同様の処理を施すことにより偏光膜を得た。得られた偏光膜のλmax は450nmであった。この偏光膜は高い偏光度を有し、高温・高湿の状態でも長時間にわたる耐久性を示した。また、長時間暴露に対する耐光性にも優れていた。
【0061】
実施例7
用いるアゾ化合物の塩を、実施例3で得られた式(Ic)で示される化合物の塩、又は実施例4で得られた式(Id)、(Ie)、(If)若しくは(Ig)で示されるそれぞれの化合物の塩に変更して、実施例5と同様の方法により偏光膜を得た。得られた偏光膜は、高い偏光度を有し、高温・高湿の条件下での耐久性と長時間暴露に対する耐光性に優れていた。また、これらの偏光膜のλmax は、それぞれ次のとおりであった。
【0062】
Figure 0004078476
【0063】
実施例8
用いるアゾ化合物の塩とその濃度を、表1の第二欄に記載の方法に変更した他は、実施例5と同様の方法により偏光膜を得た。得られた偏光膜は、高い偏光度を有し、高温・高湿の条件下での耐久性と長時間暴露に対する耐光性に優れていた。又、これらの偏光膜のλmax はそれぞれ表1の第三欄に記載のとおりであった。
【0064】
【表1】
Figure 0004078476
【0065】
【発明の効果】
本発明のアゾ化合物(I)又はその塩は、染料、特に偏光膜用染料として有用である。そして、この化合物を含有する染料系偏光膜は、ヨウ素を用いた偏光膜に匹敵する高い偏光性能を示し、又、耐久性と長時間暴露に対する耐光性に優れるので、各種液晶表示体、なかでも高い偏光性能と耐光性を必要とする液晶プロジェクター用途に好適である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an azo compound or salt thereof useful as a dye, particularly a yellow dye for a polarizing film, and a dye-based polarizing film containing them.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The polarizing film is polarized on a polarizing film substrate such as a stretched and oriented polyvinyl alcohol film or a polyene film formed by orienting a polyene by dehydrochlorination of a polyvinyl chloride film or dehydration of a polyvinyl alcohol film. It is manufactured by containing iodine or a dichroic dye as an element. Among these, although the iodine-based polarizing film is excellent in initial polarization performance, it has a problem that its performance deteriorates in a high temperature and high humidity state because it is inferior in heat durability and water durability. In order to improve such durability, a method of treating with an aqueous solution containing formaldehyde or boric acid or a method of using a polymer film having low moisture permeability as a protective film is considered, but it is still sufficient. Absent.
[0003]
On the other hand, a dye-based polarizing film using a dichroic dye as a polarizing element is superior in durability to heat and water compared to an iodine-based polarizing film, but generally has a tendency to be poor in initial polarizing performance. There is a demand for excellent yellow dyes for polarizing films.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The inventor has good dyeability when producing a polarizing film, excellent polarization performance, durability under high temperature and high humidity conditions, and light resistance, and two or more dichroic dyes in a polymer film. As a result of searching for yellow dyes that cover a relatively short wavelength region in the range of 400 to 500 nm in polarizing films for use in liquid crystal projectors that are adsorbed and oriented, a specific azo compound or a salt thereof achieves the above object. As a result, the present invention has been completed.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the present invention
(I) The following formula (I)
[0006]
[Chemical 3]
Figure 0004078476
[0007]
(In the formula, A and B are the same or different and each represents phenyl having 1 or 2 water-soluble groups selected from sulfo and carboxyl, or naphthyl having 1 to 3 sulfo, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are the same or different and represent hydrogen, lower alkyl or lower alkoxy, and X represents —N═N— or —NHCO—.
An azo compound represented by
And
(B) A dye-based polarizing film comprising the polarizing film substrate containing the azo compound (i) or a salt thereof is provided.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A and B in the above formula (I) are the same or different and are phenyl having 1 or 2 water-soluble groups selected from sulfo and carboxyl, or naphthyl having 1 to 3 sulfos. Examples of the phenyl include 2-, 3- or 4-sulfophenyl, 2-, 3- or 4-carboxyphenyl, 2,4- or 2,5-disulfophenyl, 3,5-dicarboxyphenyl, And 2-carboxy-4- or -5-sulfophenyl. Examples of the naphthyl include 5-, 6-, 7- or 8-sulfo-2-naphthyl, 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-sulfo-1-naphthyl, 6, 8-, 4, 8-, 5,7- or 3,6-disulfo-2-naphthyl, 3,6- or 4,6-disulfo-1-naphthyl and 3,6,8- or 4,6,8-trisulfo- 2-naphthyl etc. are mentioned.
As the above-mentioned phenyl, monosulfophenyl is preferable. Further, as the naphthyl described above, disulfonaphthyl is preferable, and disulfo-2-naphthyl is particularly preferable.
[0009]
R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are the same or different and are hydrogen, lower alkyl or lower alkoxy, and the lower alkyl and lower alkoxy are straight chain having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. A chain or branched one is preferred. Specific examples of lower alkyl include methyl, ethyl and propyl. Specific examples of lower alkoxy include methoxy, ethoxy and propoxy.
As said R < 1 > -R < 6 >, hydrogen, methyl, or methoxy is especially preferable from a dichroic viewpoint.
X in the above formula (I) represents -N = N- or -NHCO-.
[0010]
The polarizing film (ii) of the present invention comprises the polarizing film substrate containing the azo compound (i) or salt thereof.
[0011]
As the polarizing film dye, in addition to the azo compound represented by the formula (I) or a salt thereof, a composition containing a dye having a maximum absorption wavelength in the range of 500 to 650 nm is preferable, and the maximum absorption wavelength is 500. Particularly preferred are compositions containing dyes in the range of ˜570 nm.
As the dye having a maximum absorption wavelength in the range of 500 to 650 nm, an azo compound represented by the following formula (V) or a salt thereof is preferable.
[0012]
[Formula 4]
Figure 0004078476
[0013]
(In the formula, D has 1 or 2 water-soluble groups selected from sulfo and carboxyl, and may further have 1 or 2 groups selected from lower alkyl and lower alkoxy, Or naphthyl having 1 to 3 sulfos, R 7 , R 8 , R 9 and R 10 are the same as or different from each other and represent hydrogen, lower alkyl or lower alkoxy, and E represents —NH—, — N = N— or —NHCO—, F represents phenyl optionally having 1 or 2 groups selected from hydroxy, amino, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy and sulfo, and n is 0 or 1 Represents.)
[0014]
D in the formula (V) has 1 or 2 groups selected from sulfo and carboxyl, and may further have 1 or 2 groups selected from lower alkyl and lower alkoxy, Or, it is naphthyl having 1 to 3 sulfos.
Examples of the phenyl represented by D include 2-, 3- or 4-sulfophenyl, 2-, 3- or 4-carboxyphenyl, 2,4- or 2,5-disulfophenyl, and 3,5-diphenyl. Carboxyphenyl, 2-carboxy-4- or -5-sulfophenyl, 2- or 3-methyl-4-sulfophenyl, 2- or 3-methyl-4-carboxyphenyl, 2,5-dimethyl-4-sulfophenyl 2,5-dimethyl-4-carboxyphenyl, 2- or 3-methoxy-4-sulfophenyl, 2- or 3-methoxy-4-carboxyphenyl, 2,5-dimethoxy-4-sulfophenyl, and 2,5- And dimethoxy 4-carboxyphenyl. The naphthyl represented by D is, for example, 5-, 6-, 7- or 8-sulfo-2-naphthyl, 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-sulfo-1-naphthyl, 6,8. -, 4,8-, 5,7- or 3,6-disulfo-2-naphthyl, 3,6- or 4,6-disulfo-1-naphthyl and 3,6,8- or 4,6 Examples include 8-trisulfo-2-naphthyl.
[0015]
As the phenyl represented by D above, monosulfophenyl is preferable. The naphthyl represented by D is preferably disulfonaphthyl, particularly preferably disulfo-2-naphthyl.
[0016]
The lower alkyl and lower alkoxy represented by R 7 , R 8 , R 9 and R 10 are each preferably a linear or branched one having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Specific examples of the lower alkyl include methyl, ethyl, propyl and the like. Specific examples of lower alkoxy include methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy and the like.
R 7 to R 10 are particularly preferably hydrogen, methyl or methoxy from the viewpoint of dichroism.
[0017]
In the formula (V), the lower alkyl and lower alkoxy as the phenyl substituent represented by F are preferably linear or branched each having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Specific examples of the lower alkyl include methyl, ethyl, propyl and the like. Specific examples of the lower alkoxy include methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy and the like. As F, phenyl, 4-aminophenyl and hydroxyphenyl are particularly preferred.
[0018]
As the azo compound represented by the formula (V) or a salt thereof, those in which n is 0 are preferable, and specific examples thereof are as follows.
[0019]
[Chemical formula 5]
Figure 0004078476
[0020]
[Chemical 6]
Figure 0004078476
[0021]
[Chemical 7]
Figure 0004078476
[0022]
[Chemical 8]
Figure 0004078476
[0023]
The azo compound (I) or a salt thereof can be produced, for example, by the method described below.
That is, first, the following formula (II)
NH 2 -B (II)
(In the formula, B represents the above-mentioned meaning.)
Is reacted with phenyl chlorocarbonate by an ordinary method in an aqueous solvent to give the following formula (III)
[0024]
[Chemical 9]
Figure 0004078476
[0025]
(Wherein B represents the above meaning)
Is obtained. Next, this carbamate compound and the following formula (IV)
[0026]
Figure 0004078476
[0027]
(In the formula, A, X, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 represent the above-mentioned meanings.)
The azo compound (I) can be obtained by reacting with an azo intermediate compound represented by the formula (2) in an aqueous solvent at 20 to 60 ° C.
[0028]
The azo compound (V) having a maximum absorption wavelength in the range of 500 to 650 nm or a salt thereof can be produced, for example, by the method described below. That is, first, the following formula (VI)
[0029]
[Chemical Formula 10]
Figure 0004078476
[0030]
(In the formula, D, n, R 7 , R 8 , R 9 and R 10 have the above-mentioned meanings.)
Is diazotized by reacting with sodium nitrite in an acidic aqueous medium. The obtained diazotized product is represented by the following formula (VII)
[0031]
Embedded image
Figure 0004078476
[0032]
(In the formula, E and F represent the above-mentioned meanings.)
The azo compound represented by the formula (V) or a salt thereof can be obtained by reacting the compound represented by the formula (V) with an aqueous medium under conditions of 5 to 40 ° C. and pH 6 to 9.
[0033]
When the azo compound (I) is present in the form of a salt, examples of the salt include alkali metal salts such as lithium salts, sodium salts, and potassium salts, ammonium salts, and ethanolamine salts and alkylamine salts. Examples thereof include organic amine salts. When the azo compound (I) is contained in the polarizing film substrate, it is preferably used in the form of a sodium salt.
[0034]
When the polarizing film base material contains the azo compound (I) or a salt thereof to form a polarizing film, the hue can be corrected and the polarizing performance can be improved by using it together with another organic dye. The organic dye used in this case may be any dye as long as it has high dichroism, but a polarizing film suitable for liquid crystal projector applications can be obtained by selecting a dye that is particularly excellent in light resistance. .
[0035]
The dye-based polarizing film (b) of the present invention comprises a dichroic dye comprising an azo compound (I) or a salt thereof, or further containing another organic dye, on a polymer film as a polarizing film substrate. It can manufacture by making it contain by a well-known method. As this polymer film, for example, a film made of polyvinyl alcohol resin, polyvinyl acetate resin, ethylene / vinyl acetate (EVA) resin, nylon resin, polyester resin or the like is used. The polyvinyl alcohol-based resin here includes polyvinyl alcohol itself, which is a part of polyvinyl acetate or a completely saponified product, as well as other copolymerizable monomers such as saponified EVA resin, for example, Saponified copolymers of olefins such as ethylene and propylene, unsaturated carboxylic acids such as crotonic acid, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and maleic acid, unsaturated sulfonic acids and vinyl ethers, and also polyvinyl alcohol Also included are polyvinyl formal and polyvinyl acetal modified with aldehyde. As the polarizing film substrate, a polyvinyl alcohol film, particularly a polyvinyl alcohol film, is preferably used from the viewpoint of the adsorptivity and orientation of the dye.
[0036]
When such a polymer film contains a dichroic dye, a method of dyeing the polymer film is usually employed. Staining can be performed, for example, as follows. First, a dichroic dye is dissolved in water to prepare a dye bath. The dye concentration in the dye bath is not particularly limited, but is usually selected from the range of 0.0001 to 10% by weight. Further, if necessary, a dyeing assistant may be used. For example, it is preferable to use 1 to 10% by weight of sodium sulfate in the dyeing bath. Dyeing is performed by immersing the polymer film in the dye bath thus prepared. The dyeing temperature is preferably 40 to 80 ° C. The orientation of the dichroic dye is performed by stretching a polymer film. As a stretching method, any known method such as a wet method or a dry method may be employed. The polymer film may be stretched before dyeing or after dyeing.
[0037]
The polymer film containing the dichroic dye and oriented is subjected to post-treatment such as boric acid treatment by a known method, if necessary. Such post-processing is performed for the purpose of improving the light transmittance, polarization degree, and durability of the polarizing film. The conditions for boric acid treatment vary depending on the type of polymer film used and the type of dye used, but generally the boric acid concentration in the boric acid aqueous solution is in the range of 1 to 15% by weight, preferably in the range of 5 to 10% by weight. And the treatment is carried out in a temperature range of 30 to 80 ° C., preferably 50 to 80 ° C. Further, if necessary, the fixing treatment may be performed together with an aqueous solution containing a cationic polymer compound.
[0038]
The dye-type polarizing film obtained in this way can be used as a polarizing plate by bonding a protective film excellent in optical transparency and mechanical strength on one or both sides. The material for forming the protective film may be those conventionally used. For example, in addition to a cellulose acetate film and an acrylic film, a fluororesin film such as a tetrafluoroethylene / hexafluoropropylene copolymer Polyester film, polyolefin film, polyamide film and the like are used.
[0039]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention further in detail, this invention is not limited at all by these examples. In the examples, “%” and “parts” are by weight and parts by weight unless otherwise specified.
[0040]
Example 1
After 8 parts of sodium sulfanilate was dissolved in 100 parts of water, 8 parts of phenyl chlorocarbonate were added dropwise over 30 minutes while adjusting the pH to 7-8 with a 15% aqueous sodium carbonate solution at a temperature of 20-25 ° C. After completion of the dropwise addition, the mixture was stirred at the same temperature and the same pH for 1 hour, and then the precipitated crystals were filtered to obtain an intermediate represented by the following formula (1).
[0041]
Embedded image
Figure 0004078476
[0042]
The total amount of intermediate (1) obtained above and the following formula (2)
[0043]
Embedded image
Figure 0004078476
[0044]
7 parts of a trisazo intermediate compound represented by the formula is added to a mixed solution of 100 parts of water and 100 parts of N-methylpyrrolidone, and stirred for 3 hours at a temperature of 40 to 45 ° C. while adjusting the pH to 8 to 9 with a 15% aqueous sodium carbonate solution. did. After removing insolubles by filtration, 300 parts of ethanol was added to the filtrate to precipitate crystals. After filtering the precipitated crystals, the obtained cake was dissolved again in a mixed solution of 220 parts of water and 80 parts of N-methylpyrrolidone. 30 parts of sodium chloride was added to this solution, and the precipitated crystals were filtered to obtain a salt of a trisazo compound represented by the following formula (Ia). This salt exhibited λmax of 419 nm in an aqueous medium.
[0045]
Embedded image
Figure 0004078476
[0046]
Example 2
Intermediate (1) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, and the total amount thereof was changed to the following formula (3).
[0047]
Embedded image
Figure 0004078476
[0048]
7 parts of a disazo intermediate compound represented by the formula is added to a mixed solution of 100 parts of water and 100 parts of N-methylpyrrolidone, and stirred for 5 hours at a temperature of 40 to 45 ° C. while adjusting the pH to 8 to 9 with a 15% aqueous sodium carbonate solution. did. After removing insolubles by filtration, 300 parts of ethanol was added to the filtrate to precipitate crystals. After filtering the precipitated crystals, the obtained cake was dissolved again in a mixed solution of 100 parts of water and 100 parts of N-methylpyrrolidone. 200 parts of ethanol was added to this solution, and the precipitated crystals were filtered to obtain a disazo compound salt represented by the following formula (Ib). This salt exhibited a λmax of 404 nm in an aqueous medium.
[0049]
Embedded image
Figure 0004078476
[0050]
Example 3
After adding 12 parts of 2-aminonaphthalene-6,8-disulfonic acid to 150 parts of water and further adding 20% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution to pH 7 and dissolving, pH 7 with 15% aqueous sodium carbonate solution at a temperature of 20-25 ° C. While adjusting to ˜8, 7 parts of phenyl chlorocarbonate was added dropwise over 30 minutes. After completion of the dropwise addition, the mixture was stirred at the same temperature and the same pH for 1 hour, and then the insoluble matter was filtered to obtain an aqueous solution of an intermediate represented by the following formula (4).
[0051]
Embedded image
Figure 0004078476
[0052]
To the total amount of the aqueous solution of intermediate (4) obtained, the following formula (5)
[0053]
Embedded image
Figure 0004078476
[0054]
After adding 5 parts of the trisazo intermediate compound represented by formula (150) and 150 parts of N-methylpyrrolidone, the mixture was stirred for 4 hours while adjusting the pH to 8 to 9 with a 15% aqueous sodium carbonate solution at a temperature of 40 to 45 ° C. Part was added to precipitate crystals. After the precipitated crystals were filtered, the obtained cake was dissolved again in a mixed solution of 30 parts of water and 70 parts of N-methylpyrrolidone. 100 parts of ethanol was added to this solution, and the precipitated crystals were filtered to obtain a trisazo compound salt represented by the following formula (Ic). This salt exhibited a λmax of 413 nm in an aqueous medium.
[0055]
Embedded image
Figure 0004078476
[0056]
Example 4
Except for changing the raw material compounds, azo compound salts represented by the following formulas (Id), (Ie), (If), and (Ig) were obtained by conforming to Examples 1 to 3, respectively.
[0057]
Embedded image
Figure 0004078476
[0058]
These salts exhibited λmax of 420 nm, 404 nm, 419 nm and 410 nm, respectively, in an aqueous medium.
[0059]
Example 5
A polyvinyl alcohol film [Kuraray Vinylon # 7500, Kuraray Co., Ltd.] having a thickness of 75 μm was stretched 5 times along a longitudinal axis to obtain a polarizing film substrate. While maintaining this polyvinyl alcohol film in a tension state, the salt of the trisazo compound represented by the formula (Ia) obtained in Example 1 was added at a concentration of 0.025%, and the mirabilite as a dyeing assistant was adjusted to a concentration of 2.0%. It was immersed in the 70 degreeC aqueous solution. Next, the film was immersed in a 7.5% boric acid aqueous solution at 78 ° C. for 5 minutes, then taken out, washed with 20 ° C. water for 20 seconds, and dried at 50 ° C. to obtain a polarizing film. The obtained polarizing film has a λmax (wavelength at which the transmittance in the stretching direction of the film is minimized) of 450 nm. This polarizing film has a high degree of polarization and has a long-term durability even at high temperatures and high humidity. Indicated. Moreover, it was excellent in light resistance against long-time exposure.
[0060]
Example 6
Using the salt of the disazo compound represented by formula (Ib) obtained in Example 2 and changing the temperature of the dyeing bath to 65 ° C. and the temperature of boric acid treatment to 73 ° C., the same as in Example 5 A polarizing film was obtained by performing the treatment. Λmax of the obtained polarizing film was 450 nm. This polarizing film had a high degree of polarization and showed durability over a long period of time even at high temperatures and high humidity. Moreover, it was excellent in light resistance against long-time exposure.
[0061]
Example 7
The salt of the azo compound to be used is the salt of the compound represented by the formula (Ic) obtained in Example 3 or the formula (Id), (Ie), (If) or (Ig) obtained in Example 4. A polarizing film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the salt of each compound shown was changed. The obtained polarizing film had a high degree of polarization, and was excellent in durability under conditions of high temperature and high humidity and light resistance against long-time exposure. In addition, λmax of these polarizing films was as follows.
[0062]
Figure 0004078476
[0063]
Example 8
A polarizing film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the salt of the azo compound used and its concentration were changed to the method described in the second column of Table 1. The obtained polarizing film had a high degree of polarization, and was excellent in durability under conditions of high temperature and high humidity and light resistance against long-time exposure. In addition, λmax of these polarizing films was as described in the third column of Table 1.
[0064]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004078476
[0065]
【The invention's effect】
The azo compound (I) or a salt thereof of the present invention is useful as a dye, particularly a polarizing film dye. The dye-based polarizing film containing this compound exhibits high polarization performance comparable to a polarizing film using iodine, and is excellent in durability and light resistance against long-time exposure. It is suitable for liquid crystal projector applications that require high polarization performance and light resistance.

Claims (10)

下式(I)
Figure 0004078476
(式中、A及びBは、同一又は相異なり、スルホ及びカルボキシルから選ばれる1若しくは2個の水溶性基を有するフェニル又は1〜3個のスルホを有するナフチルを表し、R1 、R2 、R3 、R4 、R5 及びR6 は、同一又は相異なり、水素、低級アルキル又は低級アルコキシを表し、Xは、−N=N−又は−NHCO−を表す。)
で示されるアゾ化合物又はその塩。
Formula (I)
Figure 0004078476
(In the formula, A and B are the same or different and each represents phenyl having 1 or 2 water-soluble groups selected from sulfo and carboxyl, or naphthyl having 1 to 3 sulfo, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are the same or different and represent hydrogen, lower alkyl or lower alkoxy, and X represents —N═N— or —NHCO—.
Or a salt thereof.
A及びBが、同一又は相異なり、モノスルホフェニル又はジスルホナフチルである請求項1に記載のアゾ化合物又はその塩。The azo compound or a salt thereof according to claim 1, wherein A and B are the same or different and are monosulfophenyl or disulfonaphthyl. 1 、R2 、R3 、R4 、R5 及びR6 が、同一又は相異なり、水素、メチル又はメトキシである請求項1又は2に記載のアゾ化合物又はその塩。The azo compound or a salt thereof according to claim 1 or 2, wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are the same or different and are hydrogen, methyl or methoxy. 請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載のアゾ化合物又はその塩を偏光膜基材に含有してなる染料系偏光膜。A dye-based polarizing film comprising the polarizing film substrate containing the azo compound according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or a salt thereof. 偏光膜基材が、ポリビニルアルコール系の樹脂からなるフィルムである請求項4に記載の染料系偏光膜。The dye-based polarizing film according to claim 4, wherein the polarizing film substrate is a film made of a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin. 更に、極大吸収波長が500〜650nmの範囲である染料を偏光膜基材に含有してなる請求項4又は5に記載の染料系偏光膜。Furthermore, the dye type polarizing film of Claim 4 or 5 which contains the dye whose maximum absorption wavelength is the range of 500-650 nm in a polarizing film base material. 極大吸収波長が500〜650nmの範囲である染料が、下式(V)
Figure 0004078476
(式中、Dは、スルホ及びカルボキシルから選ばれる1若しくは2個の水溶性基を有し、更に、低級アルキル及び低級アルコキシから選ばれる1若しくは2個の基を有していてもよいフェニル、又は1〜3個のスルホを有するナフチルを表し、R7、R8、R9及びR10は、同一又は相異なり、水素、低級アルキル又は低級アルコシキを表し、Eは−NH−、−N=N−又は−NHCO−を表し、Fは、ヒドロキシ、アミノ、低級アルキル、低級アルコキシ及びスルホから選ばれる1若しくは2個の基を有していてもよいフェニルを表し、nは0又は1を表す。)で示されるアゾ化合物又はその塩である請求項6に記載の染料系偏光膜。
A dye having a maximum absorption wavelength in the range of 500 to 650 nm is represented by the following formula (V)
Figure 0004078476
(In the formula, D has 1 or 2 water-soluble groups selected from sulfo and carboxyl, and may further have 1 or 2 groups selected from lower alkyl and lower alkoxy, Or naphthyl having 1 to 3 sulfos, R 7 , R 8 , R 9 and R 10 are the same or different and each represents hydrogen, lower alkyl or lower alkoxy, E represents —NH—, —N═ Represents N- or -NHCO-, F represents phenyl optionally having 1 or 2 groups selected from hydroxy, amino, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy and sulfo, and n represents 0 or 1 The dye-based polarizing film according to claim 6, which is an azo compound represented by the following formula:
Dが、モノスルホフェニル又はジスルホナフチルである請求項7に記載の染料系偏光膜。The dye-based polarizing film according to claim 7, wherein D is monosulfophenyl or disulfonaphthyl. 7、R8、R9及びR10が、同一又は相異なり、水素、メチル又はメトキシである請求項7又は8に記載の染料系偏光膜。 9. The dye-based polarizing film according to claim 7, wherein R 7 , R 8 , R 9 and R 10 are the same or different and are hydrogen, methyl or methoxy. Fが、ヒドロキシ又はアミノを有していてもよいフェニルである請求項7〜9のいずれかに記載の染料系偏光膜。The dye-based polarizing film according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein F is phenyl optionally having hydroxy or amino.
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