JP4074889B2 - Discharge shock breaker - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a discharge impact destruction apparatus that can explode an explosive substance with an impact force generated by electric discharge to destroy a structure such as concrete.

Recently, as a device for safely destroying a structure such as concrete, a device using a discharge cartridge that is safe to handle instead of dynamite has been proposed.
In this discharge cartridge, for example, a thin metal wire connected between a pair of electrodes is disposed in a cylindrical container, and a force transmission substance such as water and oil is filled, and a predetermined amount is supplied from the power supply device to the thin metal wire. The electric energy is supplied at a stretch to melt and vaporize the fine metal wire, and the impact force (hereinafter also referred to as the discharge impact force) generated due to the volume expansion during the melt and vaporization is transmitted to the surroundings via the force transmitting substance. This destroys the structure.

  When the structure is partially destroyed, a hole is formed in the destroyed portion, and a discharge cartridge is inserted into the hole, and electric energy is supplied to the fine metal wire to cause destruction (Patent Document) 1).

By the way, when a hole for inserting the discharge cartridge cannot be formed, a destructive member such as a shell (for example, a wedge) is formed at the end portion of the cylindrical container to directly collide with the structure and destroy it. ) Is inserted, and electric energy is supplied to the portion where the discharge impact force is arranged adjacent to the end portion, that is, the metal thin wire, and the member for destruction is tubed by the discharge impact force generated by the melt vaporization. It was fired from a cylindrical container and partially destroyed (see Patent Document 2).
See JP-A-10-331447 See JP-A-11-76854

  According to the configuration of the above conventional discharge cartridge, the cylindrical container is inevitably long due to the firing of the bullet-shaped destruction member. For example, when the destruction portion is located in a narrow place, the discharge cartridge itself In addition, it is necessary to perform a work of loading the member for destruction into the cylindrical body on the site, which requires troublesome preparation work.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a discharge impact destruction apparatus that does not require troublesome preparation work when destroying a structure using a discharge impact force and can easily perform the destruction work even in a narrow place. The purpose is to provide.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a discharge shock destruction apparatus according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a box-shaped body having a bottom wall portion and having a space chamber formed therein, and a plurality of bar-shaped latches on the box-shaped body. A lid that can be locked by a member to close the upper opening of the box-shaped body, and a metal thin wire that is disposed in the space of the box-shaped body and connected to a pair of electric wires connected to the power supply device And an explosive material filled in the space chamber,
On the inner surface of the lid body, an annular protrusion is formed so as to enter the space chamber and along the inner peripheral surface of the space chamber,
In addition, the box-like body and the lid body have a strength that is not damaged by the explosive force of the explosive substance filled in the space chamber, and the annular protrusion of the lid body is deformed by the explosive force of the explosive substance. Such strength is given.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a discharge impact destruction apparatus having a frame-shaped side wall body having a predetermined height, and the frame-shaped side wall body locked by a plurality of bar-shaped locking members so as to open openings on both sides. A lid body that can be closed, a metal thin wire that is disposed in a space chamber formed inside the frame-shaped side wall body and connected to a pair of electric wires connected to a power supply device, and filled in the space chamber It consists of explosive substances and
On the inner surface of each lid, an annular protrusion is formed so as to enter the space chamber and along the inner peripheral surface of the space chamber,
In addition, the box-like body and the lid body have a strength that is not damaged by the explosive force of the explosive substance filled in the space chamber, and the annular protrusion of the lid body is deformed by the explosive force of the explosive substance. Such strength is given.

Furthermore, a discharge impact destruction apparatus according to claim 3 is the destruction apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein nitromethane is used as an explosive substance.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a discharge impact breaking device according to the first or second aspect, wherein a bolt is used as a rod-like locking member.

  According to the configuration described in claim 1 or 2, explosive substances such as fine metal wires and nitromethane are formed in a space of a box-like body or a frame-like side wall body to which a lid is attached via a rod-like locking member. The explosive material is explode by the impact of the electric discharge generated by the vaporization of fine metal wires and the lid is blown (released). Unlike the case where the device is loaded, the apparatus itself can be shortened, that is, thin, so that it is not necessary to form a hole for inserting the discharge cartridge, and a narrow place where the hole cannot be formed. However, it is possible to perform partial and easy destruction simply by inserting the gap into the gap and supplying electric energy.

  In addition, since an annular protrusion that protrudes into the box-like body is formed on the inner surface of the lid, the annular protrusion bulges (swells outward) due to the outward force of the explosive substance. Because the lid is controlled to come out by making strong contact with the box-shaped body or the frame-shaped side wall, the explosive reaction time of the explosive substance in the space chamber becomes longer, which increases the power of the explosion, thus increasing the power. The explosive explosion causes the cover to pop out and increase the destructive force, and the use efficiency of the explosive substance is increased and the economy is improved.

  Furthermore, by using a bolt as a rod-shaped locking member for locking the lid to the box-shaped body and adjusting its cross-sectional area, the explosion reaction time can be adjusted to control the explosive force. By appropriately changing the cross-sectional area, the direction in which the lid protrudes can also be controlled.

[Embodiment]
Hereinafter, a discharge shock destruction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
First, the discharge shock destruction apparatus will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the electric discharge impact destruction apparatus 1 includes a bottom wall portion 11a having a rectangular shape in plan view, for example, a square wall portion 11a and a side wall portion 11b erected around the bottom wall portion 11a. A metal box-like body 11 shaped like a thin lunch box in which a space chamber 11c having a circular view is formed, and a circular opening (upper opening) 11d above the box-like body 11 can be closed. A metal lid 12, a metal thin wire 14 disposed in the space chamber 11 c of the box-shaped body 11 and having both ends connected to one end sides of the pair of device-side electric wires 13, and the space chamber 11 c Liquid nitromethane (an example of an explosive substance, for example, gasoline can be used) 15 filled in the inside and connected to the other end sides of the device-side electrical wiring 13 drawn out from the box-shaped body 11 Power supply 16 (shown in FIG. 3) Together they are composed of rod-shaped locking member for locking the lid 12 to the box-like body 11, for example, bolts (or rivets) 17 and the nut 18 are provided by a predetermined number.

  In addition, for the metal thin wire 14, the device-side electric wiring (covered wire is used) 13 connected to both ends thereof is used as a fixing material (for example, a metal or synthetic resin band). Naturally, a synthetic resin material is used, and insulation between the device-side electrical wiring and the box-like body is performed. It is fixed to the wall 11a. The device-side electrical wiring 13 is provided through the through-hole 11e formed in the side wall 11b of the box-shaped body 11, and the through-hole 11e after the device-side electrical wiring 13 is inserted is provided in the through-hole 11e. A padding (for example, putty material) is applied to keep the sealed state. In addition, a filling port 11f for filling the nitromethane 15 into the space chamber 11c is formed at an appropriate place on the side wall portion 11b. After filling, a plug 20 is applied (for example, screwed) to close the plug. It is.

  The box-like body 11 has been described as being thin like a lunch box. Specifically, the height (H) of the box-like body 11 and the length (L) of one side thereof are described. The ratio is preferably 1 to 2 or less. In addition, the ratio of the height (H ′) and the length (L) of one side of the box-like body 11 with the lid 12 attached is 1: 1 at most.

  Further, an annular protrusion (also referred to as a cylindrical portion) 12 a having a predetermined thickness (t) that enters the space chamber 11 c by a predetermined height (h) is formed on the inner surface of the lid body 12. And this annular protrusion 12a is along the inner peripheral surface of the space chamber 11c, that is, between the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the space chamber 11c (the inner peripheral surface of the side wall portion 11b). It is formed with such a dimension that the annular protrusion 12a can be inserted into the space chamber 11c without hindrance, and that the gap is closed when the annular protrusion 12a is deformed by the initiation force. ing.

  Furthermore, the explosive force of the nitromethane 15 filled in the space chamber 11c is about the material [for example, steel (especially cast steel), stainless steel, aluminum etc. is used] and thickness etc. of the said box-shaped body 11 and the cover body 12 and thickness. The annular protrusion 12a of the lid 12 is selected to have a strength that can be deformed by the explosive force of the nitromethane 15. More specifically, with regard to the thickness (t) of the annular protrusion 12a in the lid 12, when the explosive force of the nitromethane 15 is applied, the annular protrusion 12a slightly bulges (deforms) outward. The dimensions are such that the gap can be closed. The outer shape of the lid 12 is a shape that matches the outer shape of the box-shaped body 11, that is, a square.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of, for example, eight bolts 17 for attaching the lid 12 are arranged around the space chamber 11c, and according to the amount of nitromethane 15 filled. That is, a material having such a strength as to produce a desired explosive force is selected so as to obtain a predetermined explosive reaction rate. This explosion reaction rate indicates how much of the explosive substance explodes. If this reaction rate is high, it indicates that the power of the explosion is large.

  Regarding the strength of the bolt 17, for example, the nitromethane 15 at a position far away from the thin metal wire 14, which cannot be detonated only by the discharge impact force, is exploded by the explosive force of the nitromethane 15 detonated in the vicinity of the fine metal wire 14 (explosion transmission). Therefore, even if the bolt 17 is extended until the explosion reaction rate is sufficiently increased and the accommodation space for the nitromethane 15 (the space chamber 11c portion) increases, the strength of the nitromethane 15 hardly leaks to the outside ( Locking ability).

  For example, when observing an actual explosion, when the nitromethane 15 is detonated by the discharge impact force, the lid 12 starts to be pushed out due to the explosion, so the bolt 17 starts to extend (at this time, there is no leakage of nitromethane). Thereafter, the bolt 17 is broken and the lid 12 is about to pop out. At this time, the accommodation space for nitromethane is increased, but the annular projecting portion 12a of the lid 12 is deformed outward and the space chamber 11c. Since the nitromethane 15 is prevented from leaking because it is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the rim, the annular projecting portion 12a jumps out of the space chamber 11c, and then the lid 12 gains momentum. I knew it was popping out well.

  In this way, there is a time difference from the initial explosion to the pop-up of the lid body 12, but there is a time difference, and the transmission itself occurs in a short time. Therefore, an explosion of about 80 to 90% is required until the bolt 17 is broken. If the reaction rate is obtained, it is estimated that the explosion reaction rate approaches 100% as a whole. Therefore, the bolt 17 may be deformed such as elongation, but the locked state can be maintained until the target explosion reaction rate. It has such a predetermined strength. If the explosive force corresponding to the predetermined strength is specifically described, it is an explosive force of a semi-complete explosion level in which the explosion reaction rate is sufficiently increased (for example, about 80 to 90%).

  If the strength of the bolt 17 is small, the lid body 12 will jump out quickly, the amount of explosion reaction of the nitromethane 15 will be reduced (use efficiency will be reduced), and it will be uneconomical. The explosive power of becomes small.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the power supply device 16 includes a high-voltage DC power source 21, a capacitor 23 connected in parallel to the DC power source 21 via a charging electrical wiring 22, and the charging electrical wiring. A charge control circuit 24 provided in the middle of the control circuit 22 for controlling the amount of electricity charged in the capacitor 23, a connection electrical wiring 25 for connecting the metal thin wire 14 to the capacitor 23 in parallel, and the connection It comprises a discharge switch 26 provided in the middle of the electrical wiring 25.

  In the power supply device 16, a predetermined amount of electricity is stored in the capacitor 23 by the charge control circuit 24, and the discharge switch 26 is turned on, so that a predetermined amount of electric energy (electric amount) is supplied to the metal thin wire 14 at once. Then, the metal thin wire 14 is instantly melted and vaporized, and a discharge impact force due to the instant melt vaporization is generated and transmitted instantaneously. This discharge impact force initiates a nitromethane 15 in a predetermined range (a range satisfying the initiation condition). In a very short period of time, the explosion reaction (transfer) of the remaining nitromethane 15 proceeds from the metal thin wire 14 to the outside, and finally, all the nitromethane 15 explodes (complete explosion) and reaches a predetermined level. Explosive power is obtained.

Next, a method for partially destroying a concrete structure, for example, using the above discharge impact destruction apparatus will be described.
First, the mechanism for generating the discharge impact force will be described by focusing on the discharge impact destruction apparatus 1 itself.

  Before the discharge, as shown in FIG. 4A, the metal thin wire 14 connected to the device-side electric wiring 13 is fixed to the bottom wall portion 11a of the box-shaped body 11 via the fixing member 19, Then, after the lid body 12 is locked to the box-shaped body 11 via the bolt 17 and the nut 18, the nitromethane 15 is filled into the space chamber 11 c from the filling port 11 f formed at an appropriate position of the box-shaped body 11. Of course, a sealing agent (for example, silicon grease or the like is used) 31 is disposed at the contact portion between the lid body 12 and the box-like body 11 so as to be sealed. It is blocked by. The mounting holes for the bolts 17 and the threaded portions of the plugs 20 are filled with the same sealing agent as described above.

  In this state, when a predetermined electric energy is supplied to the fine metal wire 14 at once by the power supply device 16, the fine metal wire 14 is melted and vaporized as shown in FIG. 4B, and the nitromethane 15 is removed by the discharge impact force at that time. Detonate. When the nitromethane 15 is detonated, the portion in the vicinity of the fine metal wire 14 explodes. Subsequently, the remaining portion around the detonation is chained to the lid 12 side and in the radial direction by the already detonated impact force. As a result, the explosive power increases. The explosive force causes the lid 12 to pop out and the annular protrusion 12a to move outward. The thickness (t) of the annular protrusion 12a is deformed by the initiation force, so The space chamber 11c is maintained in a sealed state despite the bulge and contact (contact) with the side wall portion 11b and the cover body 12 protruding.

  Then, as shown in FIGS. 4C to 4D, when the explosion reaction of the nitromethane 15 proceeds and the explosive force exceeds the total breaking force of the bolt 17, that is, the explosive force of the quasi-complete explosion level is exceeded. In this case, the lid 12 jumps out.

  Therefore, the nitromethane 15 in the space chamber 11c is not ejected to the outside (leaks), and the explosion reaction is continued and the explosive force is increased. That is, the power of the explosive force increases and a larger explosive force acts on the lid body 12. In other words, the kinetic energy of the lid 12 increases and the destructive force increases. Naturally, since the reaction efficiency of nitromethane 15 is improved, it becomes economical.

  Here, the effect when the annular protrusion 12a is provided on the inner surface of the lid 12, that is, the effect of the deformation of the annular protrusion 12a (the presence of the sealed state of the space chamber 11c) is countersunk inside the annular protrusion. The case where no portion is provided, that is, a comparison with a case where a simple circular plate-like portion is formed will be described.

  FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the insertion depth of the annular protrusion 12a into the space 11c, the reaction rate of nitromethane (explosion reaction rate), and the generated energy. In FIG. 5, the solid line indicates the case where there is an annular protrusion according to the present invention (there is a counterbore part), and the wavy line indicates the case where there is a comparative circular plate-like part (there is no counterbore inside). .

  From the graph of FIG. 5, the reaction rate and generated energy of nitromethane are greater when the annular protrusion 12 a is provided on the inner surface of the lid body 12 than when a circular plate-like portion (also a thin cylindrical portion) is provided. You can see that it has improved. That is, it is more advantageous to form a counterbore by drilling further through the inside of the circular plate-shaped portion than to form a circular plate-shaped portion on the inner surface of the lid.

Next, a specific example of the destruction work will be briefly described.
FIG. 6 shows a case where the rock G is destroyed.
As shown in FIG. 6 (a), a slit Gs is put in the rock in advance, or the slit Gs formed naturally is filled with the above-described discharge impact destruction apparatus 1, that is, the metal thin wire 14 and the nitromethane 15. After the box-like body 11 with the lid 12 attached is arranged, if electric energy is supplied at once from the power supply device 16 connected via the electric wiring 13 to the fine metal wire 14, as shown in FIG. In addition, the tear Gs can be destroyed and the rock part Gp to be destroyed can be dropped and destroyed.

FIG. 7 shows a case where a surface portion of a reinforced concrete structure is destroyed.
As shown in FIG. 7A, the discharge shock destruction apparatus 1 is held at the tip of the arm portion Ra of the heavy equipment for work, and the lid body 12 is moved so as to face the destruction surface K. If the electric energy is supplied at a stroke, the lid body 12 is ejected (released) toward the fracture surface K, and the collision force causes the fracture surface K to move as shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and (b). Can be partially destroyed.

FIG. 8 shows a case where a part of a reinforced concrete floor, wall or the like is limitedly broken.
As shown in FIG. 8, when the wall body portion F such as a reinforced concrete floor or wall is destroyed in a limited manner, a discharge is caused on the inner bottom surface of the bottomed tubular mounting body 41 that can cover the wall body portion F. If the impact destruction device 1 is attached, and the opening of the cylindrical attachment body 41 is pressed so as to cover the destruction portion and electric energy is supplied to the metal thin wire 14 at once, only that portion is safely destroyed. can do. In addition, this cylindrical attachment body 41 also has a function as a debris scattering prevention member (safety member).

  In this way, the fine metal wires 14 are arranged and filled with the nitromethane 15 in the space chamber 11c of the box-like body 11 to which the lid 12 is attached via the bolts 17, and the fine metal wires 14 are melted and vaporized. Since the nitromethane 15 is exploded by the discharge impact force, the device itself can be shortened, that is, made thinner, unlike the conventional case in which the shell-shaped destruction member is loaded in the cylindrical container. Even in a narrow place where a hole for inserting a cartridge cannot be formed or a hole cannot be formed, it is partially and easily destroyed by simply inserting it into the gap and supplying electric energy. be able to.

  Moreover, since the annular protrusion 12a that protrudes into the box-shaped body 11 is formed on the inner surface of the lid 12, the annular protrusion 12a is caused by the force toward the outside of the space chamber 11c when the nitromethane 15 explodes. By protruding (inflating outward) and coming into strong contact with (in close contact with) the inner peripheral surface of the space chamber 11c of the box-shaped body 11, the pop-up of the lid body 12 is suppressed, so that the nitromethane 15 in the space chamber 11c is suppressed. Thus, the explosion reaction time is increased, and therefore, the cover body 12 is popped out by the explosion with increased power, and the destructive power is increased, and the use efficiency of the nitromethane 15 is increased and the economic efficiency is improved.

  Further, since the rod-shaped locking member, for example, the bolt 17 and the nut 18, is used to lock the lid 12 to the box-shaped body 11, the initiation force, that is, the explosion reaction time is adjusted by adjusting the cross-sectional area of the bolt 17. The explosive force can be controlled by adjusting, and the direction in which the lid 12 protrudes can also be controlled by appropriately changing the cross-sectional area of each bolt 17, for example.

  By the way, in the said embodiment, although the accommodating part (it is also a cartridge part) of the nitromethane of a discharge impact destruction apparatus was comprised with the bottomed box-shaped body and the cover body which block | closes the opening part of this box-shaped body. For example, you may comprise from the frame-shaped side wall body in which the space chamber was formed in the center, and a pair of cover body which block | closes both opening parts of this frame-shaped side wall body.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 9, the discharge impact destruction device 51 includes a frame-shaped side wall body 52 having a space chamber 52 a at the center and a predetermined height, and a plurality of rod-like locking members on the frame-shaped side wall body 52. A lid 55 that can be locked through bolts 53 and nuts 54 to close the openings on both sides, and a space chamber 52a formed inside the frame-like side wall 52 and a power supply device (see FIG. A pair of electrical wires 56 connected to each other (not shown) is composed of a thin metal wire 57 whose both ends are connected to one end side, and nitromethane 58, which is an explosive substance, filled in the space chamber 52a. An annular protrusion 55a is formed on the inner surface of each lid body 55 so as to enter the space chamber 52a and along the inner peripheral surface of the space chamber 52a, and the frame-like side wall body 52 and the lid body 55. The space room And has a strength which is not damaged by the explosive force of the filled nitromethane 58 2a, for annular projection 55a of the lid 55, is the intensity as to deform with explosive force of nitromethane 58. For example, as in the above-described embodiment, the frame-like side wall body 52 and each lid body 55 are made of a metal material (so-called conductive material).

  In addition, in this discharge shock destruction apparatus 51, the same effect as that of the above-described discharge shock destruction apparatus 1 is obtained, and there is a space outside both lid bodies 55 when placed (inserted) in the destruction portion. In the case where the two lid bodies 55 are popped out, the both sides can be destroyed at the same time, so that the efficiency of the destruction work can be improved.

  Further, in the above embodiment (including the one shown in FIG. 9), the outer shape of the box-shaped body is formed in a square and the space chamber is formed in a circular shape. The chamber may be formed in a square shape, both may be formed in a square shape, or both may be formed in a circular shape, and at least the space chamber may have a polygonal shape in addition to a circular shape. .

  Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the box-shaped body, the lid body, and the frame-shaped side wall body have been described as metal materials (so-called conductive materials). However, in some cases, a reinforced synthetic resin such as ceramic or reinforced plastic is used. It may be used.

1 is a partially cutaway front view of a discharge impact breaking device according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the same discharge impact destruction apparatus. It is an electric circuit diagram which shows schematic structure of the power supply device in the discharge impact destruction apparatus. It is sectional drawing explaining the explosion effect by the discharge impact force in the same discharge impact destruction apparatus. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the insertion depth for demonstrating the effect | action of the cover body of the discharge impact destruction apparatus, the reaction rate of nitromethane, and generated energy. It is sectional drawing explaining the destruction operation | work by the same discharge impact destruction apparatus. It is sectional drawing explaining the destruction operation | work by the same discharge impact destruction apparatus. It is sectional drawing explaining the destruction operation | work by the same discharge impact destruction apparatus. It is sectional drawing which shows the modification of the same discharge impact destruction apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Discharge impact destruction apparatus 11 Box-shaped body 11a Bottom wall part 11b Side wall part 11c Space room 11d Opening part 12 Cover body 12a Annular protrusion 13 Device side electric wiring 14 Metal fine wire 15 Nitromethane 16 Power supply device 17 Bolt 51 Discharge impact destruction apparatus 52 Frame-like side wall 52a Space chamber 53 Bolt 55 Lid 55a Annular projection 56 Electrical wiring 57 Metal wire 58 Nitromethane

Claims (4)

A box-shaped body having a bottom wall portion and having a space chamber formed therein; a lid body that can be locked to the box-shaped body by a plurality of rod-shaped locking members to close the upper opening of the box-shaped body; A metal thin wire connected to a pair of electrical wirings arranged in the space chamber of the box-like body and connected to a power supply device, and an explosive substance filled in the space chamber,
On the inner surface of the lid body, an annular protrusion is formed so as to enter the space chamber and along the inner peripheral surface of the space chamber,
In addition, the box-shaped body and the lid body are given a strength that is not damaged by the explosive force of the explosive substance filled in the space chamber, and the annular protrusion of the lid body is deformed by the explosive force of the explosive substance. A discharge shock breaking device characterized by having such strength. A frame-shaped side wall body having a predetermined height, a lid body that is locked to the frame-shaped side wall body via a plurality of bar-shaped locking members, and that can close the openings on both sides, and formed inside the frame-shaped side wall body And a metal thin wire connected to a pair of electrical wires connected to the power supply device and disposed in the space chamber, and an explosive substance filled in the space chamber,
On the inner surface of each lid, an annular protrusion is formed so as to enter the space chamber and along the inner peripheral surface of the space chamber,
In addition, the box-like body and the lid body have a strength that is not damaged by the explosive force of the explosive substance filled in the space chamber, and the annular protrusion of the lid body is deformed by the explosive force of the explosive substance. Discharge shock destruction device characterized by having such strength.   3. The discharge impact destruction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the explosive substance is nitromethane. The discharge impact breaking device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rod-like locking member is a bolt.

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