JP4073226B2 - Quick-hardening cement composition - Google Patents

Quick-hardening cement composition Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4073226B2
JP4073226B2 JP2002080222A JP2002080222A JP4073226B2 JP 4073226 B2 JP4073226 B2 JP 4073226B2 JP 2002080222 A JP2002080222 A JP 2002080222A JP 2002080222 A JP2002080222 A JP 2002080222A JP 4073226 B2 JP4073226 B2 JP 4073226B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
cement
amount
quick
composition
cement composition
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JP2002080222A
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JP2003277104A (en
Inventor
悦郎 坂井
正機 大門
雅史 大崎
秀明 五十嵐
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Mitsubishi Materials Corp
Ube Corp
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Mitsubishi Materials Corp
Ube Industries Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、特殊組成の急硬性セメントや急結材を含まない急硬性セメント組成物に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
急硬性セメントとしてはジェットセメント、アウイン系セメント、アルミナセメント等の特殊セメントがある。一般に急硬性成分として、C11・CaF、CSO(アウイン)、CA、あるいはC12を含有しているが、このような急硬性セメントは、製造上、特殊な原料や装置が必要であり、汎用セメントに比べて製造が煩雑であるとともに、コストが高くなる欠点が在る。
【0003】
他の方法として、ポルトランドセメントに急結材を添加して急硬性を付与する技術がある。添加する急結材の種類により、アルミン酸アルカリ塩、炭酸アルカリ塩等を添加する無機塩系、仮焼アルナイトを加える急硬性鉱物系、及びカルシウムアルミネートやカルシウムサルフォアルミネート(アウイン)を添加するセメント鉱物系に分ける事が出来るが、一般にポルトランドセメントに対して3〜9質量%、アウイン系急結材に至っては10〜20質量%添加する必要がある。
このためコストが高くなるのに加え、強度的にも問題が在る。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、特殊な急硬性成分を含まないだけでなく、特殊な急結材を添加しない急硬性セメント組成物の提供を目的とする。具体的には、セメント組成物に対して1.5質量%の範囲で選ばれる量のナフタレン系化学混和剤の添加で、水セメント比0.35で行ったJIS R5201の凝結試験において15分以内に始発を示す急硬性セメント組成物の提供を目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は、クリンカー中の間隙相(C3A及びC4AF)量及びセメント中の可溶性硫酸塩量を適切な値に調節した組成物にナフタレン系化学混和剤を添加したセメント組成物が、優れた急硬性を有する事を知見し、本発明を完成した。すなわち、本発明は、セメント中の間隙相量(C3A+C4AF)が30質量%で且つC3A量が15〜30質量%のクリンカー組成物にC3A量と間隙相量の積に対するセメント中の可溶性硫酸塩のSO3量の比が0.004以下となるようにセッコウを添加したセメント組成物であって、ナフタレン系化学混和剤を当該セメント組成物に対して1.5質量%配合したものについて水セメント比0.35で行ったJIS R5201の凝結試験において15分以内に始発を示す急硬性セメント組成物に関する。尚、本発明において、C3A及びC4AFは、夫々3CaO・Al23及び4CaO・Al23・Fe23を表す。以下に、本発明を詳細に説明する。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明では、クリンカー中の間隙相量とセメント中の可溶性硫酸塩のSO量を規定する事を特徴とする。これは、クリンカーに添加するセッコウ量が少ない場合、間隙相(CA+CAF)量が24質量%以上であり、且つCA量が12質量%以上の領域においてナフタレン系混和剤量を通常の使用量より多く添加して急硬性が発現したこと、及び間隙相量(CA+CAF)を更に増大すると混和剤量を少なくしても急硬性が発現したこと、及びこのような急硬性が、(1)式で定義される可溶性硫酸塩率がある値以下となる場合に発現することの知見に基づいたものである。
【0007】
【数1】

Figure 0004073226
【0008】
本発明において、クリンカー中の間隙相の量および組成は、セメント原料の調合割合を変えて調合原料中のAl量およびFe量を変えることによって調整することができる。
間隙相はクリンカーの焼成過程で融液として存在し、クリンカーの焼成反応を促し、クリンカーの造粒を助けるものである。一般に間隙相量の増加はクリンカーの易焼成性を向上すると言われている。
しかしながら、過剰に間隙相量を増大することは焼成工程におけるキルン内のコーチングの増大など様々な製造上の問題を引き起こす可能性があることから、間隙相量は30質量%以下が望ましい。
【0009】
また、本発明ではセメント中の可溶性硫酸塩のSO3量は、(1)式で求められる可溶性硫酸塩率で0.004以下に規定することも特徴とする。これは、セメント中の可溶性硫酸塩のSO3量が可溶性硫酸塩率で0.004を超えると、間隙相量が前記条件を満足するに関わらず、多量の混和剤量下での急結性は失われることの知見に基づいたものであるが、このような現象は可溶性硫酸塩の急結抑制効果により生じるものと推測される。なお、可溶性硫酸塩とは、クリンカー中に含まれる硫酸アルカリ、硫酸カルシウム、あるいはセメント中のセッコウ等である。セッコウは、天然セッコウ、副産セッコウ等が使用でき、一般のクリンカー同様、所定量のセッコウを加えたものを混合・粉砕して、本発明のセメントとすることが出来る。
【0010】
本発明のセメント組成物の使用に当たってはナフタレン系化学混和剤を添加する。ナフタレン系化学混和剤としては各種のものが市販されているが、市販品は何れも問題なく使用できる。ナフタレン系化学混和剤の一般的な添加量は、固形分換算でセメントに対し0.2〜1.5%の範囲にあり、主にコンクリートの流動性を向上させる目的で使用される。本発明でのナフタレン系化学混和剤の添加量は、この範囲を超え、間隙相(C3A+C4AF)量が30質量%で、かつC3A量が15〜30質量%では1.5質量%の添加量で、目的とする水セメント比0.35で行ったJIS R5201の凝結試験で15分以内に硬化する急硬性セメント組成物を得ることが出来る。尚、夫々のセメント組成物について、ここで設定した値より多い量のナフタレン系化学混和剤の添加も可能であるが、過度量の添加は、粘性の増大によるペーストのハンドリング特性の低下に繋がるだけでなく、コスト的にも好ましくないことから、その添加量は、セメント組成物に対し固形分換算で3質量%以下とする。
【0011】
本発明の急硬性セメント組成物は、ナフタレン系化学混和剤以外にも一般のセメント同様、一般的なコンクリート用の化学混和剤、砂、砂利等の骨材を使用でき、これらに水を加えて練り混ぜた後、一般の急硬性セメント・モルタル・コンクリートとして使用される。このような急硬性材料は止水工事、緊急工事、吹付け工事等に用いられる。
【0012】
【実施例】
以下では、具体例を示し、本発明を更に詳しく説明する。
(1)セメントの調製
実工場で使用している石灰石、珪石、粘土、鉄原料、高炉スラグ、石炭灰等を所定の化合物組成になるように混合・調合した。調合した原料は電気炉を用いて1550℃で焼成してクリンカーとした。クリンカーをブレーン比表面積で約3200cm/gにボールミルを用いて粉砕し、これにセッコウを所定量添加してセメントを調製した。
(2)凝結試験
上記セメントに水セメント比で0.35の水を加えて練り混ぜ、JIS R5201−1997「セメントの物理試験方法」に準拠して凝結の始発を測定した。練混ぜ水には予め所定の添加量のナフタレン系化学混和剤を添加した。
【0013】
間隙相量およびその組成とナフタレン系化学混和剤添加量と凝結特性との関係を表1に示す。一般のポルトランドセメントとは異なり、間隙相(C3A+C4AF)量が30質量%で、且つその中のC3A量が15質量%以上であれば、1.5質量%のナフタレン系化学混和剤を含むことによって、注水15分後に硬化することが分かる。
【0014】
【表1】
Figure 0004073226
【0015】
【発明の効果】
本発明では、特殊組成の急硬性セメントを使用することなく、また、急結材も使用することなく、急硬性を示すセメントを得ることが可能である。
急結材を使用せず、一般に流動化剤として使用されているナフタレン系化学混和剤が使用できることから、急硬性セメント・コンクリートの材料コストが低減できるのは勿論のこと、硬化体強度に悪影響を与える要因が除去される利点も有する。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a quick-setting cement composition which does not include a quick-setting cement or a quick setting material having a special composition.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Examples of the quick-hardening cement include special cements such as jet cement, auin cement, and alumina cement. Generally, C 11 A 7 · CaF 2 , C 4 A 3 SO 3 (auin), CA, or C 12 A 7 is contained as a quick-hardening component. Raw materials and equipment are required, and there are drawbacks in that the production is complicated as compared with general-purpose cement and the cost is increased.
[0003]
As another method, there is a technique of adding rapid setting material to Portland cement to impart rapid hardening. Depending on the type of quick setting material to be added, inorganic salts based on addition of alkali aluminate, alkali carbonate, etc., rapid hardening mineral based on calcined alunite, and calcium aluminate and calcium sulfoaluminate (auin) are added. However, it is generally necessary to add 3 to 9% by mass with respect to Portland cement, and 10 to 20% by mass for the Auin type quick setting material.
For this reason, there is a problem in terms of strength in addition to an increase in cost.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a quick-setting cement composition not only containing no special quick-setting component but also containing no special quick-setting material. Specifically, for the cement composition: The addition of 5 mass% amount selected in the range of naphthalene-based chemical admixtures, providing rapid hardening cement composition exhibiting first train within 15 minutes in the setting test of JIS R5201 was carried out with water cement ratio 0.35 With the goal.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The inventor has obtained a cement composition obtained by adding a naphthalene-based chemical admixture to a composition in which the amount of interstitial phase (C 3 A and C 4 AF) in clinker and the amount of soluble sulfate in cement is adjusted to appropriate values. As a result, the present invention has been completed. Chi words, the present invention, the gap phase content in the cement (C 3 A + C 4 AF ) C 3 A content to have and C 3 A content is 15 to 30% by weight of clinker composition with 30 wt% and pore phase amount A cement composition to which gypsum is added so that the ratio of the amount of SO 3 of the soluble sulfate in the cement to the product of 0.004 is 0.004 or less, and a naphthalene-based chemical admixture is 1. The present invention relates to a rapid-hardening cement composition that shows a first start within 15 minutes in a setting test of JIS R5201 conducted at a water cement ratio of 0.35 with respect to 5% by mass. In the present invention, C 3 A and C 4 AF represents respectively 3CaO · Al 2 O 3 and 4CaO · Al 2 O 3 · Fe 2 O 3. The present invention is described in detail below.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is characterized in that the amount of interstitial phase in the clinker and the amount of SO 3 of soluble sulfate in the cement are defined. This is because, when the amount of gypsum added to the clinker is small, the amount of the naphthalene-based admixture in the region where the gap phase (C 3 A + C 4 AF) amount is 24% by mass or more and the C 3 A amount is 12% by mass or more. Addition of more than the normal amount used to develop rapid hardening, and further increase in the amount of interstitial phase (C 3 A + C 4 AF) showed rapid hardening even if the amount of admixture was reduced, and such This is based on the knowledge that rapid hardening is manifested when the soluble sulfate ratio defined by the formula (1) is a certain value or less.
[0007]
[Expression 1]
Figure 0004073226
[0008]
In the present invention, the amount and composition of the interstitial phase in the clinker can be adjusted by changing the mixing ratio of the cement raw material to change the amount of Al 2 O 3 and the amount of Fe 2 O 3 in the mixing raw material.
The interstitial phase is present as a melt during the clinker firing process, and promotes the clinker firing reaction and assists the clinker granulation. In general, an increase in the amount of interstitial phase is said to improve the calcination property of the clinker.
However, excessively increasing the amount of interstitial phase may cause various manufacturing problems such as increased coating in the kiln in the firing process, so the interstitial phase amount is desirably 30% by mass or less.
[0009]
Further, the present invention is characterized in that the SO 3 amount of the soluble sulfate in the cement is regulated to 0.004 or less in terms of the soluble sulfate ratio obtained by the formula (1). This is because, when the SO 3 content of the soluble sulfate in the cement exceeds 0.004 in terms of the soluble sulfate ratio, the rapid setting property under a large amount of admixture, regardless of the interstitial phase amount satisfying the above conditions. This phenomenon is presumed to be caused by the effect of suppressing the rapid setting of soluble sulfate. The soluble sulfate is alkali sulfate, calcium sulfate or gypsum in cement contained in the clinker. As the gypsum, natural gypsum, by-product gypsum, and the like can be used. Like a general clinker, gypsum added with a predetermined amount of gypsum can be mixed and pulverized to obtain the cement of the present invention.
[0010]
In using the cement composition of the present invention, a naphthalene-based chemical admixture is added. Various types of naphthalene-based chemical admixtures are commercially available, but any commercially available product can be used without any problem. The general addition amount of naphthalene-based chemical admixture is in the range of 0.2 to 1.5% with respect to cement in terms of solid content, and is mainly used for the purpose of improving the fluidity of concrete. The addition amount of the naphthalene-based chemical admixtures of the present invention is greater than this range, the in the gap phase (C 3 A + C 4 AF ) amount 3 0 wt%, and C 3 A content is 15 to 30 wt% 1. With an addition amount of 5% by mass, a quick-hardening cement composition that hardens within 15 minutes in a setting test of JIS R5201 performed at a target water cement ratio of 0.35 can be obtained. It is possible to add a naphthalene-based chemical admixture in an amount larger than the value set here for each cement composition, but adding an excessive amount only leads to a decrease in the handling characteristics of the paste due to an increase in viscosity. In addition, since it is not preferable in terms of cost, the addition amount is 3% by mass or less in terms of solid content with respect to the cement composition.
[0011]
In addition to naphthalene-based chemical admixtures, the quick-hardening cement composition of the present invention can use general concrete chemical admixtures for concrete, aggregates such as sand and gravel, and add water to these. After kneading, it is used as general quick-hardening cement, mortar and concrete. Such a rapid-hardening material is used for water stop work, emergency work, spraying work, and the like.
[0012]
【Example】
Below, a specific example is shown and this invention is demonstrated in more detail.
(1) Preparation of cement Limestone, silica stone, clay, iron raw material, blast furnace slag, coal ash, etc. used in the actual factory were mixed and prepared so as to have a predetermined compound composition. The prepared raw material was baked at 1550 ° C. using an electric furnace to obtain a clinker. The clinker was pulverized with a ball mill to a brain surface area of about 3200 cm 2 / g, and a predetermined amount of gypsum was added thereto to prepare a cement.
(2) Congealing test The above cement was mixed with water having a water cement ratio of 0.35 and kneaded, and the initial setting of coagulation was measured according to JIS R5201-1997 “Cement physical testing method”. A predetermined amount of naphthalene-based chemical admixture was added in advance to the kneading water.
[0013]
Table 1 shows the relationship between the interstitial phase amount and its composition, the amount of the naphthalene-based chemical admixture added and the setting characteristics. Unlike general Portland cement, between gap phase (C 3 A + C 4 AF ) amount 30 mass%, and if the C 3 A content therein at least 15 wt%, 1.5 wt% naphthalene It can be seen that by containing the chemical admixture, it hardens after 15 minutes of water injection.
[0014]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004073226
[0015]
【The invention's effect】
In the present invention, it is possible to obtain a cement that exhibits rapid hardening without using a rapid hardening cement having a special composition and without using a quick setting material.
Since naphthalene-based chemical admixtures generally used as fluidizing agents can be used without using rapid setting materials, the material cost of rapid-hardening cement and concrete can be reduced, as well as adversely affecting the strength of the cured body. There is also an advantage that the factor to be given is eliminated.

Claims (1)

セメント中の間隙相量(C3A+C4AF)が30質量%で且つC3A量が15〜30質量%のクリンカー組成物にC3A量と間隙相量の積に対するセメント中の可溶性硫酸塩のSO3量の比が0.004以下となるようにセッコウを添加したセメント組成物であって、ナフタレン系化学混和剤を当該セメント組成物に対して1.5質量%配合したものについて水セメント比0.35で行ったJISR5201の凝結試験において15分以内に始発を示す急硬性セメント組成物。Clearance phase content in the cement (C 3 A + C 4 AF ) soluble sulfate in the cement for the C 3 A content and pore phase of the product and the C 3 A content is 15 to 30% by weight of clinker composition with 30 wt% A cement composition to which gypsum is added so that the ratio of the SO 3 amount of the salt is 0.004 or less, in which 1.5% by mass of a naphthalene-based chemical admixture is added to the cement composition is water. A rapid-hardening cement composition showing initial start within 15 minutes in a setting test of JIS R5201 conducted at a cement ratio of 0.35.
JP2002080222A 2002-03-22 2002-03-22 Quick-hardening cement composition Expired - Fee Related JP4073226B2 (en)

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JP2007186359A (en) * 2006-01-11 2007-07-26 Taiheiyo Cement Corp Cement composition
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