JP4070303B2 - Guide wheel puncture detection device - Google Patents

Guide wheel puncture detection device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4070303B2
JP4070303B2 JP16010898A JP16010898A JP4070303B2 JP 4070303 B2 JP4070303 B2 JP 4070303B2 JP 16010898 A JP16010898 A JP 16010898A JP 16010898 A JP16010898 A JP 16010898A JP 4070303 B2 JP4070303 B2 JP 4070303B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
load cell
guide wheel
guide
tire
central portion
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JP16010898A
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JPH11351985A (en
Inventor
信哉 松木
昭 河本
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Kawasaki Motors Ltd
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Kawasaki Jukogyo KK
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、モノレールや空気入りタイヤを用いた案内軌条式鉄道車両において、空気入りタイヤからなる案内輪のパンクをロードセルを用いて検知する装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
前記案内輪のパンク検知装置に関する先行技術に、特公平2−12764号公報や特公平3−35123号公報に記載の装置、ならびに特開昭62−34027号公報や特開平1−156111号公報に記載の装置がある。
【0003】
前者の2件はいずれも、ロードセルのタイヤ踏面の長さを車両進行方向の長さよりも短くし、その踏面をタイヤが走行する際に作用する垂直荷重を計測する機能と、その計測値を基準値と比較判断する機能と、その結果を表示する機能とを有する電気装置で構成されている。
【0004】
後者の2件のうち最初の装置は、一対の支柱の間に両支柱から延設された梁で支持された中央柱を一体に形成し、梁に貼り付けた歪ゲージで中央柱にかかるタイヤの荷重を検出して表示する構造からなり、後の装置は二枚一対の架橋板のそれぞれを、取付け基部と、各取付け基部から他方の取付く基部の方向へ突出して曲げ変形可能な渡り部とで構成し、一方の渡り部に軌道の継ぎ目の延設方向と平行な線分上に位置する二個以上の開口もしくは窪みを設け、相互に隣接する開口もしくは窪みを区画する桟部分の両側面に歪ゲージを固着してなる装置であり、いずれもタイヤからの荷重を歪ゲージを介して測定することにより、パンクを検出するものである。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
▲1▼ 前者の2件については、タイヤの接地面圧を計測するので、走行時にタイヤに作用する荷重などの影響を受けにくいが、ロードセルのタイヤ接地圧力測定部が案内軌条の案内輪走行面と面一になるようにロードセルを埋設しているので、走行中に案内輪がロードセルの測定部から離間して(浮き上がって)計測が不可能になったり、計測値がタイヤ内圧より小さくなってパンクと判断されるおそれがあったりする。
【0006】
▲2▼ 後者の2件については、タイヤを介して作用する荷重(力)に基づいてパンクを検出しようとするものであるので、案内輪のパンク検出に適用しようとすると、例えば走行中にタイヤに遠心力などの外力が作用する場合に計測値が案内輪の内圧よりかなり大きくなるので、パンクをしていてもそれを検知できないおそれがある。
【0007】
この発明は上述の点に鑑みなされたもので、空気入りゴムタイヤなどの案内輪の内圧の低下を確実にかつ正確に検知することができる案内輪のパンク検知装置を提供しようとするものである。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の目的を達成するために本発明に係る案内輪のパンク検知装置は、空気入りタイヤからなる案内輪のパンクをロードセルを用いて検知する装置であって、前記ロードセル (5) は、測定部としての中央部分 (5a) の厚みを周縁部分 (5b) の厚みよりも薄く形成し、中央部分 (5a) の裏面に複数個の歪みゲージ (8) を間隔をあけて貼着するとともに、前記中央部分 (5a) の大きさを前記案内輪 (3) の接地面よりも狭くなるように設定し、前記案内輪 (3) が走行する案内軌条 (4) 上に案内板 (7) を走行方向に沿って装着し、この案内板 (7) の長手方向の中央部に前記ロードセル (5) に対応する大きさの凹所を設け、この凹所内に前記ロードセル (5) を取り付けるとともに、前記案内板 (7) は、前記ロードセル (5) の外径より広い幅にし、前記ロードセル (5) の取付箇所を含む前後部分の高さを増大させ、かつ前記案内板 (7) の先端を薄く形成し前記ロードセル (5) の取付箇所の前後部分にかけて漸次高くしたことを特徴とする。
【0009】
この構成により、案内輪の案内軌条上のロードセルの取付位置ではその前後走行部分を含めて厚みを増大させているので、車両の揺れなどが生じても案内輪がロードセルの測定部上に常に接地しながら走行し、案内輪のタイヤの接地面圧をロードセルが検知する。また、ロードセルは案内輪の接地面圧の変化には敏感で案内輪に作用する荷重や車両走行時の遠心力などの外力の影響をほとんど受けないようにロードセルの測定部の長さ( 幅)をタイヤ接地長さ( 接地幅)よりも短く( 狭く)しているので、案内輪のタイヤの空気圧を正確に検知してパンクか否かを確実に検知する。
【0010】
請求項2に記載のように、前記ロードセルの最大幅を前記案内輪のタイヤ接地面幅とほぼ等しくし、前記ロードセルの前記案内輪のタイヤ接地面を平坦面にするとともに、中央部分(周縁部を一定幅で除いた部分)の前記測定部の厚みを他の部分に比べて薄くし、前記ロードセルの中央部分の裏面に一定間隔をあけて複数の歪ゲージを貼り付けた前記ロードセル本体の最大幅を前記案内輪のタイヤの接地面幅とほぼ等しくし、前記本体の前記案内輪接地面を平坦面にするとともに本体の中央部分(周縁部を一定幅で除いた部分)の測定部の厚みを他の部分に比べて薄くし、該中央部分の裏面に一定間隔をあけて複数の歪ゲージを貼り付けることができる。
【0011】
この構成により、ロードセル上を走行して通過する案内輪の位置が正規の位置から多少ずれることがあっても、ロードセルの中央部分(測定部)を案内輪が確実に通過することにより、中央部分がタイヤの面圧によって変形し、その変形が裏面の複数の歪ゲージによって検知され、ブロック回路等の電気回路で歪ゲージの抵抗値の変化が増幅されてタイヤの接地面圧、いいかえればタイヤの空気圧が計測される。
【0012】
請求項3記載のように、前記ロードセルを直径が100mm前後で、中央部分の測定部の直径が60mm前後で同厚みが2mm前後の円板状に形成し、ロードセルの中央部分の裏面に複数の歪ゲージを中心点対称に(例えば十字状に)一定間隔をあけて貼り付けることが好ましい。
【0013】
請求項3記載の発明によれば、案内輪の接地幅(トレッド幅)がロードセルの直径に対応する100mm前後の場合に、図12のようにタイヤの接地面圧の変化に応じた歪の変形、いいかえれば歪ゲージによる測定感度が他のタイプのロードセルに比べて数倍高く良好であり、しかも図6のようにタイヤの空気圧の変化に対しては歪が敏感に反応して変化する一方、案内輪(タイヤ)に外力(荷重)を作用させても歪はほとんど変化なくほぼ一定に保たれている。この結果、車両の走行状態等には影響をほとんど受けずに、案内輪の空気圧の変化、いいかえればパンクを確実にかつ正確に検知する。ロードセルの中央部分(測定部)の厚みは2mm前後にしたが、この厚みはできるだけ薄くするのが感度上からは望ましいと推測されるが、例えば1mm程度まで薄くすると耐久性の面で劣ってくることから2mm前後が望ましい。
【0014】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、この発明に係る案内輪のパンク検知装置の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。
【0015】
図1は案内軌条式鉄道車両の走行輪と案内輪と軌道および案内軌条を示す模式図および2両編成の案内軌条式鉄道車両の案内輪を示す配置図、図2は案内輪のパンク検知装置の実施例であるロードセルとその前後の突起条を取り付けた状態の案内軌条を示す側面図および突起条の一部を拡大した断面図、図3は本発明の実施例に係るロードセルを示す正面図およびA−A線断面図である。
【0016】
図1(a)に示すように、本例では案内軌条式鉄道車両1は、軌道9上を走行する走行輪2のほか、垂直軸を中心に水平回転する一対の案内輪3を備え、各案内輪3は案内軌条4の両側垂直面に接して回転しながら案内軌条式鉄道車両1を案内する。案内輪3はたとえば連接車の場合には図1(b)のように各車両6輪で、先頭部に4輪、後尾部に2輪がそれぞれ相対向するように配置されている。案内軌条4の両側垂直面には、図2(a)に示すように案内輪パンク検知装置の主要部を構成するロードセル5が皿状ボルト(図示せず)により取り付けられているが、ロードセル5の前後には案内輪3をロードセル5の高さ(厚み)まで案内して確実に接地させるため、図2(b)に示すように、ロードセル5の外径よりやや広い幅の案内板7を案内軌条4の両側垂直面に装着している。この案内板7は、先端が薄くかつ丸く形成され、中央部にかけて漸次高さを高くした形状で、中央部にロードセル5に対応する大きさの円形の凹所が設けられている。なお、案内板7は本例では鋼板(例えば、SS400)で製作している。
【0017】
ロードセル5は、図3(a)(b)に示すように本例では外径が100mmの円板形からなり、直径60mmの中央部分(測定部ともいう)5aを除く一定幅(20mm幅)の周縁部分5bの厚み(高さ)が9mmで、中央部分5aの厚みが2mmと非常に薄く形成した鋼材(例えば、SS400)からなる。中央部分5aの裏面の周縁は図3(b)のようにR加工している。また、中心から半径40mmの円周上に直径8〜9mmの合計8つのボルト穴が円周方向に等間隔に穿設され、皿状ボルト(図示せず)の頭部(図示せず)が嵌合する穴5cと皿状ボルト(図示せず)のネジ部(図示せず)が螺合するネジ孔5dとが交互に設けられている。さらに、周縁部分5bの裏面には、一つのボルト穴5cを挟んで一対の切欠き溝5eが略45°の角度で交差するように形成されており、それらの切欠き溝5eの溝幅は10mmである。これらの切欠き溝5eは、後述する歪ゲージ8からの配線を外部の電気装置(図示せず)に接続するためのものであるから一つで十分であり、またロードセル5の下方に配線用の穴があれば切欠き溝5eは不要になる。
【0018】
ロードセル5の中央部分5aの裏面には、8個〜16個の歪ゲージ8が一定の間隔をあけて十字状に貼り付けられ、図示を省略したブリッジ回路を備えた電気装置に接続されている。電気装置には、歪ゲージ8が変形することにより抵抗値が変化することに基づいて、案内輪3の空気入りゴムタイヤの内圧を測定して表示する表示器が接続されている。案内輪3のゴムタイヤのトレッド幅は本例の場合100mmで、ロードセル5の外径は案内輪3のゴムタイヤのトレッド幅に合わせて大きさが決められている。またロードセル5の中央部分5aの直径(60mm)は、案内輪3の接地長さよりも短くなるように設定されている。
【0019】
さて、上記した構成からなる本実施例に係る案内輪のパンク検知装置について案内軌条式鉄道車両1を走行させて、走行速度と案内輪3の空気圧の関係をテストしたところ、下記のような結果を得た。ロードセル5は案内軌条4の直線部分に取り付け、その前後には突起条7を固設した。左右一対の案内輪3・3のうち一方は空気圧を7kg/cm2 に保って、他方の空気圧を7kg/cm2 、6kg/cm2 、5kg/cm2 、4kg/cm2 、3kg/cm2 、2kg/cm2 、1kg/cm2 、0kg/cm2 と変化させるとともに、速度も10km/H、15km/H、20km/H、25km/Hと変化させ、それぞれ行きと帰りの2回測定した。
【0020】
結果は4位案内輪3の内圧を変化させた場合には図4に示すように、空気圧を7kg/cm2 としたときのロードセル5の歪ゲージ8の歪比率を1.0(歪は525μm)にした場合、空気圧が低下するに従って歪比率が正比例して低下するが、車速の変化にはほとんど影響されなかった。一方、3位案内輪3の内圧を一定にした場合には図5に示すように、対向する反対側の4位案内輪3の内圧の変化(図5の内圧は反対側の4位案内輪3を表す)および車速の変化にはほとんど影響されなかった。なお、図4・図5中の実線は行き(北行き)を、破線は帰り(南行き)を表す。また、3位案内輪3・4位案内輪3は3列左右6輪のうち先頭側から2列目の一対(図1(a)参照)である。このように、上記実施例に係る案内輪のパンク検知装置によれば、案内輪3のタイヤの空気圧の変化にだけロードセル5の歪ゲージ8が敏感に反応し、空気圧の低下を確実に検知するから、パンクだけでなく、空気圧が規定より低下している場合でもそれを確実に検知することができる。
【0021】
ところで、上記した実施例に係るロードセル5が発明される過程で、下記のようなロードセルが提案されたが、それらのロードセルを比較例として上記実施例のロードセル5(5’)とを比較した際のテストの結果について説明する。
【0022】
テストに使用した試験装置10は図8(a)(b)に示すように、案内輪3を一対の支柱11間の上端部に支軸12により回動自在に軸支し、一対の円柱状のガイド14・14に沿って荷重板13を昇降自在に配設し、この荷重板13の中央部にロードセル5などを交換可能に取り付け、一対の油圧シリンダ15・15により荷重板13に負荷を掛ける。なお、図中の符号16は荷重計、17は変位計、18は架台である。
【0023】
比較例1は図9(a)に示すように、厚み6mm、外径100mmの円形のロードセル51で、中央部分51aの直径は45mmで厚みが3mmであり、この中央部分51aの表面の中央部に直径20mmで厚み2mmの円板形の突出部51bを一体に突設した構造のものである。一方、図9(b)に示すように、本例のロードセル5’は基本的には上記実施例のロードセル5と共通しているが、周縁部5bの厚みが6mmとやや薄いものを使用している。また、歪ゲージ8は本例のロードセル5’および比較例のロードセル51共に、合計8個を図9(c)に示すように十字状に間隔をあけて貼り付けている。
【0024】
案内輪3の空気圧を7kg/cm2 、6kg/cm2 、5kg/cm2 、4kg/cm2 、3kg/cm2 、2kg/cm2 、1kg/cm2 、0kg/cm2 と変化させて試験装置10に装着し、油圧シリンダ15を介して負荷荷重を0kgから徐々に増大して1600〜1900kgまで案内輪3に作用させ、本例のロードセル5’および比較例のロードセル51によって歪を測定した。本例のロードセル5’では図6に示すように、案内輪3の空気圧の変化に伴う歪の相違が顕著に表れたが、比較例のロードセル51では図11に示すように、案内輪3の空気圧が変化しても歪の変化が表れにくかった。
【0025】
また本例のロードセル5’については、ロードセル5’を時計方向に90°回転させた状態で試験装置10に取り付けて上記と同様のテストをしたが、結果は図7に示すようにほぼ同一の線図が得られた。
【0026】
次に、ロードセルの感度をテストするために、本例のロードセル5’および比較例1のロードセル51のほかに、図10(a)(b)に示す比較例2・3のロードセル52・53を用意した。ロードセル52・53はいずれも厚み6mm、外径100mmの円形のロードセルで、中央部分52a・53aの直径は60mmで、この中央部分52a・53aの表面の中央部に直径40mmで厚み2mmの円板形の突出部52b・53bを一体に突設した構造のもので、ロードセル52は中央部分52aの厚みが2mm、ロードセル53は中央部分53aの厚みが3mmという点だけが相違する。そして、各ロードセルの表面中央部に金属片を介して0kgから徐々に増大して500kgの負荷荷重を作用させたところ、図12に示すように単位負荷荷重に対する歪の変化量は本例のロードセル5’がもっとも大きく、以下、ロードセル51、52、53の順で、本例のロードセル5’の感度(精度)が最も高いことがわかった。したがって、ロードセルの測定部(中央部分)の厚みは2mm前後にすると感度が大幅に向上することから、薄くすればするほど感度が向上するものと推測される。しかし、例えば1mm程度まで薄くしてしまうと、案内輪3と接触することにより摩耗して寿命が極端に短くなったりして、耐久性や強度面などが劣ってくることから、ロードセルの測定部の厚みは2mm前後、最低でも1.5mm以上にする必要がある。
【0027】
上記実施例に係るパンク検知装置においては、歪ゲージ8によりタイヤの内圧を歪量として計測し、その計測値が基準値以上であれば正常である一方、基準値以下の値になったときに、それがパンクであると判断するようにしている。これは比較器を用いて、歪の計測値を基準値と電気的に比較し、自動的にパンクか否かの表示を行うようにすることができる。
【0028】
上記に本発明の案内輪のパンク検知装置の一実施例について説明したが、下記のように実施することができる。すなわち、
▲1▼ ロードセルの形状を略正方形にし、一定幅の周縁部を除く中央測定部の厚みを2mm前後と周縁部に比べて薄く形成するとともに、中央測定部の略正方形の一辺の長さを案内輪3のタイヤ接地長さより短く(たとえば50〜60mm)して裏面に複数の歪ゲージを一定の間隔をあけて貼り付ける。なお、略正方形とは正方形の角部(直角部)を丸く形成して無くし、タイヤがロードセル上に接地した際に角部で傷が付くのを防ぐ形状をいう。
【0029】
▲2▼ ロードセルの正面より見た形状は円形、略正方形のほか、角部を無くした略正多角形にすることができる。
【0030】
▲3▼ パンクか否かの表示をする代わりに、計測値がそのまま表示されるようにすれば、計測値からパンクか否かの判断ができると同時に、空気圧が規定よりも高いか低いか、あるいは空気が少し足りないかなどの判断をすることもできる。
【0031】
▲4▼ 案内輪のタイヤのトレッド幅が変わればそれに応じてロードセル本体の最大幅を変更し、またタイヤの接地長さが変わればそれに応じてロードセルの中央部分の測定部の長さをタイヤ接地長さよりも短くなるように変更することは言うまでもない。
【0032】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したことから明らかなように、この発明に係る案内輪のパンク検知装置には、次のような優れた効果がある。
【0033】
(1) 案内輪の案内軌条上のロードセルの取付位置ではその前後走行部分を含めて案内板などを用いて厚みを増大させているので、車両の揺れなどが生じても案内輪がロードセルの測定部上に確実に接地し、案内輪のタイヤの接地面圧(内圧)をロードセルで検知することができる。
【0034】
また、ロードセルは案内輪の接地面圧の変化には敏感である一方、案内輪に作用する負荷荷重や車両走行時の遠心力などの外力の影響をほとんど受けないようにロードセルの測定部の長さをタイヤ接地長さよりも短くしているので、案内輪のタイヤの空気圧を正確かつ確実に検知してパンクか否かを確実に検知することができる。
【0035】
請求項2に記載の発明では、(2) ロードセル上を走行して通過する案内輪の位置が正規の位置から多少ずれることがあっても、ロードセルの中央部分の測定部を案内輪が確実に通過することにより、タイヤの接地面圧を常に確実に計測できる。
【0036】
請求項3記載の発明では、
(3) 図12のようにタイヤの接地面圧の変化に応じた歪の変形、いいかえれば歪ゲージによる測定感度が非常に敏感で測定精度が高く、しかも図6のようにタイヤの空気圧の変化に対しては歪が高精度で反応して変化する一方、案内輪(タイヤ)に外力(荷重)を作用させても歪はほとんど変化なくほぼ一定に保たれているから、車両の走行状態等には影響をほとんど受けずに、案内輪の空気圧の変化、いいかえればパンクを確実にかつ正確に検知することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】図1(a)は本発明の実施例に係るパンク検知装置を備えた案内軌条式鉄道車両の走行輪と案内輪と軌道および案内軌条を示す模式図、図1(b)は連接車の場合の案内輪を示す配置図、図1(c)はボギー車の場合の案内輪を示す配置図である。
【図2】図2(a)は案内輪のパンク検知装置の実施例であるロードセルとその前後の突起条を取り付けた状態の案内軌条を示す側面図、図2(b)は突起条の一部を拡大した断面図である。
【図3】図3(a)は本発明の実施例に係るロードセルを示す正面図、図3(b)は図3(a)のロードセルのA−A線断面図である。
【図4】案内輪3の内圧を変化させると同時に案内軌条式鉄道車両1の走行速度を変化させた場合のロードセルで測定した歪と走行速度の関係を示す線図である。
【図5】案内輪3の内圧を一定に保ったうえで、案内軌条式鉄道車両1の走行速度を変化させた場合のロードセルで測定した歪と走行速度の関係を示す線図である。
【図6】案内輪3の空気圧を7kg/cm2、6kg/cm2、5kg/cm2、4kg/cm2、3kg/cm2、2kg/cm2、1kg/cm2、0kg/cm2と変化させて試験装置10に装着し、油圧シリンダ15を介して負荷荷重を0kgから徐々に増大して1600〜1900kgまで案内輪3に作用させてロードセルで測定した場合の、案内輪3の空気圧と歪の関係を示す線図である。
【図7】図6と同様のテストを90°時計方向に回転させて取り付けたロードセルを用いて計測した場合の、案内輪3の空気圧と歪の関係を示す線図である。
【図8】図8(a)はロードセルの比較テストに使用した試験装置10の正面図、図8(b)は同平面図である。
【図9】図9(a)はロードセルの比較例1を示す中央断面図、図9(b)は本発明の実施例に係るロードセルを示す中央断面図、図9(c)は図9(b)のロードセルの底面図である。
【図10】図10(a)は比較例2のロードセル52を示す中央断面図、図10(b)は比較例3のロードセル53を示す中央断面図である。
【図11】案内輪3の空気圧を7kg/cm2 、6kg/cm2 、5kg/cm2 、4kg/cm2 、3kg/cm2 、2kg/cm2 、1kg/cm2 、0kg/cm2 と変化させて試験装置10に装着し、油圧シリンダ15を介して負荷荷重を0kgから徐々に増大して1600〜1900kgまで案内輪3に作用させて比較例1のロードセルで測定した場合の、案内輪3の空気圧と歪の関係を示す線図である。
【図12】本発明に係るロードセルと比較例に係るロードセルに対し金属片を介して0kgから徐々に増大して500kgの負荷荷重を作用させたときの、単位負荷荷重に対する歪の変化の割合を示す線図である。
【符号の説明】
1 案内軌条式鉄道車両
3 案内輪
4 案内軌条
5・5' ロードセル
5a中央部分(測定部)
7 案内板
8 歪ゲージ
9 軌道
10 試験装置
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an apparatus for detecting a puncture of a guide wheel made of a pneumatic tire using a load cell in a guide rail type railway vehicle using a monorail or a pneumatic tire.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Prior art related to the puncture detection device for the guide wheel includes devices described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-12764 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-35123, and Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 62-34027 and 1-156111. There is a device described.
[0003]
In both of the former cases, the length of the tire tread of the load cell is made shorter than the length in the vehicle traveling direction, the function of measuring the vertical load that acts when the tire travels on that tread, and the measured value as a reference It is comprised with the electric apparatus which has the function to compare and judge with a value, and the function to display the result.
[0004]
In the latter two cases, the first device is a tire in which a central column supported by beams extending from both columns is integrally formed between a pair of columns and a strain gauge attached to the beam is applied to the central column. The latter device has a structure that detects and displays the load of the two, and the latter device has a pair of bridge plates, each mounting base, and a transitional part that can be bent and deformed by projecting from each mounting base to the other mounting base. Two or more openings or dents located on a line segment parallel to the extending direction of the seam of the track are provided on one transition part, and both sides of the crosspiece section that divides the openings or dents adjacent to each other This is a device in which a strain gauge is fixed to the surface, and all of them detect a puncture by measuring a load from a tire through the strain gauge.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
(1) In the former two cases, since the tire contact surface pressure is measured, it is not easily affected by the load acting on the tire during driving, but the load contact tire contact pressure measuring section is the guide wheel traveling surface of the guide rail Since the load cell is embedded so as to be flush with each other, the guide wheel moves away from the measurement part of the load cell during driving (lifts up) and measurement becomes impossible or the measured value becomes smaller than the tire internal pressure. There is a risk of being considered a punk.
[0006]
(2) The latter two cases are intended to detect puncture based on the load (force) acting through the tire. Therefore, when applying to detection of puncture of the guide wheel, for example, the tire during running When an external force such as a centrifugal force is applied, the measured value is considerably larger than the internal pressure of the guide wheel, so that there is a possibility that it cannot be detected even if it is punctured.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a guide wheel puncture detection device that can reliably and accurately detect a decrease in internal pressure of a guide wheel such as a pneumatic rubber tire.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a puncture detection device for a guide wheel according to the present invention is a device for detecting puncture of a guide wheel made of a pneumatic tire using a load cell, and the load cell (5) includes a measurement unit. As the thickness of the central portion (5a) is formed thinner than the thickness of the peripheral portion (5b) , and a plurality of strain gauges (8) are attached to the back surface of the central portion (5a ) at intervals, and set the size of the central portion (5a) to be narrower than the ground plane of the guide wheel (3), traveling guide plate (7) on the guide rail (4), wherein the guide wheel (3) runs The guide plate (7) is mounted along the direction, and a recess having a size corresponding to the load cell (5) is provided in the center in the longitudinal direction of the guide plate (7) , and the load cell (5) is attached in the recess, and guide plate (7), said to wider than the outer diameter of the load cell (5), before and after the portion including the mounting position of the load cell (5) The height is increased, and the tip of the guide plate (7) is thinned so that the height gradually increases over the front and rear portions of the load cell (5) .
[0009]
This configuration increases the thickness of the load cell on the guide rail on the guide rail, including the front and rear traveling parts, so that the guide wheel is always grounded on the load cell measurement section even if the vehicle sways. The load cell detects the contact surface pressure of the tire of the guide wheel. Also, the load cell is sensitive to changes in the contact surface pressure of the guide wheel, and the length ( width) of the measurement part of the load cell is almost unaffected by external forces such as the load acting on the guide wheel and the centrifugal force when the vehicle is running Is shorter ( narrower ) than the tire contact length ( contact width) , the tire pressure of the guide wheel is accurately detected to detect whether or not it is punctured.
[0010]
As described in claim 2, together with the maximum width of the load cell Le is approximately equal to the tire contact surface width of the guide wheels, to the flat surface of the tire ground contact surface of the guide wheel of the load cell, the central portion (the periphery the thickness of the measuring portion parts excluding the constant width portion) thinner than other portion, of the load cell body pasted multiple strain gauges at a predetermined interval on the back surface of the central portion of the load cell The maximum width is made substantially equal to the ground contact surface width of the tire of the guide wheel, the guide wheel ground contact surface of the main body is made flat, and the central portion of the main body (the portion excluding the peripheral edge portion) is measured. A plurality of strain gauges can be attached to the back surface of the central portion with a predetermined interval, with the thickness reduced compared to other portions.
[0011]
With this configuration, even when the position of the guide wheel passing by traveling on the load cell Le slightly deviated from the normal position, by guide wheels a central portion of the load cell Le (measurement portion) is securely passed, The center part is deformed by the tire surface pressure, and the deformation is detected by a plurality of strain gauges on the back surface, and the change in the resistance value of the strain gauge is amplified by an electric circuit such as a block circuit, so that the tire contact surface pressure, in other words Tire pressure is measured.
[0012]
As according to claim 3, wherein the load cell Le is at around 100mm diameter, the diameter is the same thickness before and after 60mm of measurement of the central portion is formed into 2mm around the disc-shaped, the rear surface of the central portion of the load cell Le It is preferable to attach a plurality of strain gauges symmetrically at the center point (for example, in a cross shape) at regular intervals.
[0013]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, ground contact width of the guide wheels (tread width) in the case of about 100mm which corresponds to the diameter of the load cell Le, the strain in response to changes in the ground surface pressure of the tire as shown in FIG. 12 Deformation, in other words, the measurement sensitivity by strain gauges is several times higher than other types of load cells, and the strain sensitivity is sensitive to changes in tire pressure as shown in FIG. Even when an external force (load) is applied to the guide wheels (tires), the strain is kept almost constant with almost no change. As a result, a change in the air pressure of the guide wheel, in other words, a puncture, is detected reliably and accurately without being substantially affected by the running state of the vehicle. Although the thickness of the center part (measurement part) of the load cell is about 2 mm, it is presumed that it is desirable from the viewpoint of sensitivity to make this thickness as thin as possible. However, if the thickness is reduced to about 1 mm, for example, the durability is inferior. Therefore, about 2 mm is desirable.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of a guide wheel puncture detection apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0015]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a running wheel, a guide wheel, a track, and a guide rail of a guide rail type railway vehicle, and a layout diagram showing a guide wheel of a guide rail type rail vehicle of two-car train. FIG. 2 is a guide wheel puncture detecting device. The side view which shows the load rail which is the Example of this, and the guide rail of the state which attached the protrusions before and behind that, and sectional drawing which expanded a part of protrusion, FIG. 3 is a front view which shows the load cell which concerns on the Example of this invention And FIG.
[0016]
As shown in FIG. 1 (a), in this example, the guide rail type railcar 1 includes a pair of guide wheels 3 that rotate horizontally around a vertical axis in addition to the traveling wheels 2 that travel on the track 9. The guide wheel 3 guides the guide rail type railway vehicle 1 while rotating in contact with the vertical surfaces on both sides of the guide rail 4. For example, in the case of an articulated vehicle, the guide wheels 3 are arranged such that each vehicle has six wheels as shown in FIG. 1B, with four wheels at the head and two wheels facing each other. As shown in FIG. 2 (a), load cells 5 constituting the main part of the guide wheel puncture detecting device are attached to the vertical surfaces on both sides of the guide rail 4 by countersunk bolts (not shown). In order to guide the guide wheel 3 to the height (thickness) of the load cell 5 and to make sure that it is grounded before and after the guide plate 7, a guide plate 7 having a width slightly wider than the outer diameter of the load cell 5 is provided as shown in FIG. The guide rails 4 are mounted on both vertical surfaces. The guide plate 7 has a thin tip and a round shape with a gradually increasing height toward the center, and a circular recess having a size corresponding to the load cell 5 is provided in the center. In this example, the guide plate 7 is made of a steel plate (for example, SS400).
[0017]
As shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b), the load cell 5 has a disk shape with an outer diameter of 100 mm in this example, and has a constant width (20 mm width) excluding a central portion (also referred to as a measurement unit) 5a having a diameter of 60 mm. The peripheral portion 5b has a thickness (height) of 9 mm, and the central portion 5a has a thickness of 2 mm, which is very thin (for example, SS400). The peripheral edge of the back surface of the central portion 5a is R-processed as shown in FIG. In addition, a total of eight bolt holes with a diameter of 8 to 9 mm are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on a circumference having a radius of 40 mm from the center, and a head (not shown ) of a countersunk bolt (not shown) is provided. The fitting hole 5c and the screw hole 5d into which the screw part ( not shown) of the countersunk bolt (not shown) is screwed are alternately provided. Furthermore, a pair of notch grooves 5e are formed on the back surface of the peripheral portion 5b so as to intersect at an angle of about 45 ° with one bolt hole 5c interposed therebetween. The width of the notch grooves 5e is as follows. 10 mm. These notch grooves 5e are sufficient for connecting a wiring from a strain gauge 8 to be described later to an external electric device (not shown), and are sufficient for wiring under the load cell 5. If there is a hole, the notch groove 5e is not necessary.
[0018]
On the back surface of the central portion 5a of the load cell 5, eight to sixteen strain gauges 8 are affixed in a cross shape at regular intervals, and are connected to an electric device having a bridge circuit (not shown). . The electric device is connected to a display for measuring and displaying the internal pressure of the pneumatic rubber tire of the guide wheel 3 based on the change in resistance value caused by deformation of the strain gauge 8. The tread width of the rubber tire of the guide wheel 3 is 100 mm in this example, and the outer diameter of the load cell 5 is determined in accordance with the tread width of the rubber tire of the guide wheel 3. The diameter (60 mm) of the central portion 5a of the load cell 5 is set to be shorter than the contact length of the guide wheel 3.
[0019]
Now, when the guide rail type railway vehicle 1 is run with respect to the guide wheel puncture detecting device according to the present embodiment having the above-described configuration, and the relationship between the running speed and the air pressure of the guide wheel 3 is tested, the following results are obtained. Got. The load cell 5 was attached to a straight portion of the guide rail 4, and protrusions 7 were fixed on the front and back thereof. One of the pair of left and right guide wheels 3, 3 keeps the air pressure at 7 kg / cm 2 , and the other air pressure is 7 kg / cm 2 , 6 kg / cm 2 , 5 kg / cm 2 , 4 kg / cm 2 , 3 kg / cm 2 While changing to 2 kg / cm 2 , 1 kg / cm 2 , and 0 kg / cm 2 , the speed was also changed to 10 km / H, 15 km / H, 20 km / H, and 25 km / H. .
[0020]
As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, when the internal pressure of the fourth guide wheel 3 is changed, the strain ratio of the strain gauge 8 of the load cell 5 is 1.0 (the strain is 525 μm) when the air pressure is 7 kg / cm 2. ), The strain ratio decreases in direct proportion as the air pressure decreases, but it is hardly affected by changes in vehicle speed. On the other hand, when the internal pressure of the 3rd guide wheel 3 is constant, as shown in FIG. 5, the change in the internal pressure of the opposite 4th guide wheel 3 on the opposite side (the internal pressure in FIG. 5 is the 4th guide wheel on the opposite side). 3) and was hardly affected by changes in vehicle speed. In FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the solid line represents the outbound (northbound), and the broken line represents the return (bound south). The 3rd guide wheel 3 and the 4th guide wheel 3 are a pair (see FIG. 1 (a)) of the second row from the top of the three rows of left and right six wheels. Thus, according to the guide wheel puncture detecting device according to the above-described embodiment, the strain gauge 8 of the load cell 5 reacts sensitively only to the change in the tire air pressure of the guide wheel 3 and reliably detects a decrease in air pressure. Therefore, not only the puncture but also the case where the air pressure is lower than the standard can be reliably detected.
[0021]
By the way, in the process of inventing the load cell 5 according to the above-described embodiment, the following load cells have been proposed. When these load cells are used as comparative examples and compared with the load cell 5 (5 ′) of the above-described embodiment, The results of the test will be described.
[0022]
As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the test apparatus 10 used for the test pivotally supports the guide wheel 3 on the upper end portion between the pair of support columns 11 by a support shaft 12 so that the pair of columnar shapes are supported. The load plate 13 is disposed so as to be movable up and down along the guides 14 and 14, the load cell 5 and the like are exchangeably attached to the central portion of the load plate 13, and a load is applied to the load plate 13 by the pair of hydraulic cylinders 15 and 15. Multiply. In the figure, reference numeral 16 is a load meter, 17 is a displacement meter, and 18 is a gantry.
[0023]
As shown in FIG. 9A, Comparative Example 1 is a circular load cell 51 having a thickness of 6 mm and an outer diameter of 100 mm. The central portion 51a has a diameter of 45 mm and a thickness of 3 mm, and the central portion of the surface of the central portion 51a. Further, a disc-shaped protruding portion 51b having a diameter of 20 mm and a thickness of 2 mm is integrally projected. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 9 (b), the load cell 5 'of this example is basically the same as the load cell 5 of the above embodiment, but the peripheral part 5b has a slightly thin thickness of 6mm. ing. Further, a total of eight strain gauges 8 are pasted at intervals in a cross shape as shown in FIG. 9C in both the load cell 5 ′ of this example and the load cell 51 of the comparative example.
[0024]
Test by changing the air pressure of the guide wheel 3 to 7 kg / cm 2 , 6 kg / cm 2 , 5 kg / cm 2 , 4 kg / cm 2 , 3 kg / cm 2 , 2 kg / cm 2 , 1 kg / cm 2 , 0 kg / cm 2 The load is gradually increased from 0 kg through the hydraulic cylinder 15 and applied to the guide wheel 3 from 1600 to 1900 kg via the hydraulic cylinder 15, and the strain is measured by the load cell 5 'of this example and the load cell 51 of the comparative example. . In the load cell 5 ′ of this example, as shown in FIG. 6, the difference in distortion due to the change in the air pressure of the guide wheel 3 appears remarkably. However, in the load cell 51 of the comparative example, as shown in FIG. Even if the air pressure changed, the change in strain was difficult to appear.
[0025]
For the load cell 5 ′ of this example, the load cell 5 ′ was attached to the test apparatus 10 with the load cell 5 ′ rotated 90 ° in the clockwise direction, and a test similar to the above was performed. The results are almost the same as shown in FIG. A diagram was obtained.
[0026]
Next, in order to test the sensitivity of the load cell, in addition to the load cell 5 ′ of this example and the load cell 51 of Comparative Example 1, the load cells 52 and 53 of Comparative Examples 2 and 3 shown in FIGS. Prepared. Each of the load cells 52 and 53 is a circular load cell having a thickness of 6 mm and an outer diameter of 100 mm. The diameter of the central portions 52a and 53a is 60 mm, and a disk having a diameter of 40 mm and a thickness of 2 mm at the center of the surface of the central portions 52a and 53a. The load cell 52 is different from the load cell 52 in that the thickness of the central portion 52a is 2 mm, and the load cell 53 is different in that the thickness of the central portion 53a is 3 mm. Then, when a load of 500 kg was applied to the center of the surface of each load cell through a metal piece and gradually increased from 0 kg, the amount of change in strain with respect to the unit load as shown in FIG. It was found that 5 ′ was the largest, and the sensitivity (accuracy) of the load cell 5 ′ of this example was the highest in the order of the load cells 51, 52, and 53. Therefore, when the thickness of the measurement portion (center portion) of the load cell is about 2 mm, the sensitivity is greatly improved. Therefore, it is estimated that the sensitivity is improved as the thickness is reduced. However, for example, if the thickness is reduced to about 1 mm, it may be worn by contact with the guide wheel 3 and the life may be extremely shortened, resulting in poor durability and strength. The thickness of the film needs to be about 2 mm, and at least 1.5 mm.
[0027]
In the puncture detection apparatus according to the above embodiment, the internal pressure of the tire is measured as the amount of strain by the strain gauge 8, and when the measured value is not less than the reference value, it is normal, but when the value is not more than the reference value. , I try to judge it as a punk. In this case, a measured value of distortion is electrically compared with a reference value by using a comparator, and it is possible to automatically display whether or not it is punctured.
[0028]
Although one embodiment of the guide wheel puncture detection apparatus of the present invention has been described above, it can be implemented as follows. That is,
(1) The shape of the load cell is made approximately square, and the thickness of the central measurement part excluding the peripheral part of a certain width is formed to be around 2 mm, which is thinner than the peripheral part, and the length of one side of the approximate square of the central measurement part is guided. A plurality of strain gauges are affixed to the back surface with a predetermined interval shorter than the tire ground contact length of the wheel 3 (for example, 50 to 60 mm). In addition, a substantially square means the shape which prevents a square corner | angular part (right-angled part) from being rounded and preventing a corner | surface from being damaged when the tire contacts the load cell.
[0029]
(2) The shape seen from the front of the load cell can be a circle, a substantially square, or a substantially regular polygon with no corners.
[0030]
(3) Instead of displaying whether or not it is punctured, if the measured value is displayed as it is, it can be determined whether or not the measured value is punctured, and at the same time, whether the air pressure is higher or lower than the specified value. Alternatively, it can be determined whether there is a shortage of air.
[0031]
(4) If the tire tread width of the guide wheel changes, the maximum width of the load cell body will be changed accordingly, and if the tire ground contact length changes, the length of the measurement part at the center of the load cell will change accordingly. Needless to say, the length is shorter than the length.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
As is apparent from the above description, the guide wheel puncture detection apparatus according to the present invention has the following excellent effects.
[0033]
(1) At the load cell mounting position on the guide rail of the guide wheel, the thickness of the load cell including the front and rear traveling parts is increased by using a guide plate, etc., so the guide wheel can measure the load cell even if the vehicle shakes. It is possible to reliably ground on the part and to detect the contact surface pressure (internal pressure) of the tire of the guide wheel with the load cell.
[0034]
In addition, while the load cell is sensitive to changes in the contact surface pressure of the guide wheels, the length of the load cell measuring section should be small so that it is hardly affected by external forces such as load applied to the guide wheels and centrifugal force when the vehicle is running. Since the tire contact length is shorter than the tire contact length, it is possible to accurately detect the tire pressure of the guide wheel accurately and reliably to detect whether or not the tire is punctured.
[0035]
In the invention according to claim 2, (2) load cell is also the position of the guide wheel passing travels on Le is there to shift slightly from the proper position, the guide wheels measuring portion of the central portion of the load cell Le By reliably passing the tire, the contact surface pressure of the tire can always be reliably measured.
[0036]
In invention of Claim 3,
(3) The deformation of the strain according to the change in the tire contact surface pressure as shown in FIG. 12, in other words, the measurement sensitivity by the strain gauge is very sensitive and the measurement accuracy is high, and the change in the tire air pressure as shown in FIG. However, the strain remains almost constant even when an external force (load) is applied to the guide wheels (tires). It is possible to detect a change in the air pressure of the guide wheel, in other words, a puncture reliably and accurately.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 (a) is a schematic diagram showing a running wheel, a guide wheel, a track, and a guide rail of a guide rail type railcar equipped with a puncture detecting device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 1C is a layout diagram showing guide wheels in the case of a bogie car.
FIG. 2 (a) is a side view showing a guide rail in a state in which a load cell which is an embodiment of a guide wheel puncture detecting device and protrusions before and after the load cell are attached, and FIG. 2 (b) is one of the protrusions. It is sectional drawing to which the part was expanded.
FIG. 3 (a) is a front view showing a load cell according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of the load cell of FIG. 3 (a).
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the strain measured by the load cell and the travel speed when the internal speed of the guide wheel 3 is changed and the travel speed of the guide rail type railway vehicle 1 is changed at the same time.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the strain measured by the load cell and the travel speed when the travel speed of the guide rail type railway vehicle 1 is changed while keeping the internal pressure of the guide wheels 3 constant.
[Figure 6] The air pressure of the guide wheel 3 is 7 kg / cm 2 , 6 kg / cm 2 , 5 kg / cm 2 , 4 kg / cm 2 , 3 kg / cm 2 , 2 kg / cm 2 , 1 kg / cm 2 , 0 kg / cm 2 The air pressure of the guide wheel 3 when it is mounted on the test apparatus 10 while being changed, and the load load is gradually increased from 0 kg through the hydraulic cylinder 15 to be applied to the guide wheel 3 from 1600 to 1900 kg and measured with the load cell. It is a diagram which shows the relationship of distortion.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the air pressure and strain of the guide wheel 3 when a test similar to that of FIG. 6 is measured using a load cell attached by rotating 90 ° clockwise.
8A is a front view of a test apparatus 10 used for a load cell comparison test, and FIG. 8B is a plan view of the same.
9A is a central sectional view showing a comparative example 1 of a load cell, FIG. 9B is a central sectional view showing a load cell according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. It is a bottom view of the load cell of b).
10A is a central sectional view showing a load cell 52 of Comparative Example 2, and FIG. 10B is a central sectional view showing a load cell 53 of Comparative Example 3;
[FIG. 11] The air pressure of the guide wheel 3 is 7 kg / cm 2 , 6 kg / cm 2 , 5 kg / cm 2 , 4 kg / cm 2 , 3 kg / cm 2 , 2 kg / cm 2 , 1 kg / cm 2 , 0 kg / cm 2 . A guide wheel in which the load is gradually increased from 0 kg through the hydraulic cylinder 15 and is applied to the guide wheel 3 through the hydraulic cylinder 15 to be applied to the guide wheel 3 and measured by the load cell of the comparative example 1. 3 is a diagram showing a relationship between air pressure and strain of No. 3;
FIG. 12 shows the rate of change in strain with respect to a unit load when a load of 500 kg is applied to a load cell according to the present invention and a load cell according to a comparative example, gradually increasing from 0 kg through a metal piece. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Guide rail type railway vehicle 3 Guide wheel 4 Guide rail 5/5 'Load cell 5a center part (measurement part)
7 Guide plate 8 Strain gauge 9 Track 10 Test device

Claims (3)

空気入りタイヤからなる案内輪のパンクをロードセルを用いて検知する装置であって、
前記ロードセル (5) は、測定部としての中央部分 (5a) の厚みを周縁部分 (5b) の厚みよりも薄く形成し、中央部分 (5a) の裏面に複数個の歪みゲージ (8) を間隔をあけて貼り付けるとともに、前記中央部分 (5a) の大きさを前記案内輪 (3) のタイヤ接地面よりも狭くなるように設定し、
前記案内輪 (3) が走行する案内軌条 (4) 上に案内板 (7) を走行方向に沿って装着し、この案内板 (7) の長手方向の中央部に前記ロードセル (5) に対応する大きさの凹所を設け、この凹所内に前記ロードセル (5) を取り付けるとともに、
前記案内板 (7) は、前記ロードセル (5) の外径より広い幅にし、前記ロードセル (5) の取付箇所を含む前後部分の高さを増大させ、かつ前記案内板 (7) の先端を薄く形成し前記ロードセル (5) の取付箇所の前後部分にかけて漸次高くしたことを特徴とする案内輪のパンク検知装置。
A device for detecting a puncture of a guide wheel made of a pneumatic tire using a load cell,
The load cell (5) is formed such that the thickness of the central portion (5a) as a measurement portion is thinner than the thickness of the peripheral portion (5b) , and a plurality of strain gauges (8) are spaced on the back surface of the central portion (5a). And the size of the central portion (5a) is set to be narrower than the tire ground contact surface of the guide wheel (3) ,
A guide plate (7) is mounted on the guide rail (4) on which the guide wheel (3) travels along the traveling direction, and corresponds to the load cell (5) at the center in the longitudinal direction of the guide plate (7). A recess having a size to be attached, and attaching the load cell (5) in the recess ,
The guide plate (7), said to wider than the outer diameter of the load cell (5), increases the height of the front and rear portion including a mounting portion of said load cell (5), and the tip of the guide plate (7) A guide wheel puncture detecting device, wherein the guide wheel puncture detection device is formed thin and gradually increases in height before and after the mounting portion of the load cell (5) .
前記ロードセルの最大幅を前記案内輪のタイヤ接地面幅とほぼ等しくし、前記ロードセルの前記案内輪のタイヤ接地面を平坦面にするとともに、中央部分の前記測定部の厚みを他の部分に比べて薄くし、前記ロードセルの中央部分の裏面に一定間隔をあけて複数の歪ゲージを貼り付けた請求項1記載の案内輪のパンク検知装置。The maximum width of the load cell Le is approximately equal to the tire contact surface width of the guide wheels, while the flat surface of the tire ground contact surface of the guide wheel of the load cell, the thickness of the measuring portion of the central portion to another portion The guide wheel puncture detecting device according to claim 1, wherein the guide wheel puncture detecting device is made thinner than the central portion of the load cell, and a plurality of strain gauges are attached to the back surface of the load cell at regular intervals. 前記ロードセルを直径100mm前後で、中央部分の前記測定部の直径が60mm前後で同厚みが2mm前後の円板状に形成し、ロードセルの中央部分の裏面に複数の歪ゲージを中心点対称に一定間隔をあけて貼り付けた請求項2記載の案内輪のパンク検知装置。 Said load cell Le before and after a diameter 100 mm, the measuring portion of the diameter of the thickness before and after 60mm of the central portion is formed into 2mm around the disc-shaped, the center point of symmetry multiple strain gauges on the back of the central part of the load cell Le The guide wheel puncture detection device according to claim 2, wherein the guide wheel puncture detection device is attached to the at a predetermined interval.
JP16010898A 1998-06-09 1998-06-09 Guide wheel puncture detection device Expired - Lifetime JP4070303B2 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP16010898A JP4070303B2 (en) 1998-06-09 1998-06-09 Guide wheel puncture detection device

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JP4070303B2 true JP4070303B2 (en) 2008-04-02

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI477781B (en) * 2012-12-03 2015-03-21 Kinpo Elect Inc Tire inspection device
CN111929051B (en) * 2020-08-21 2022-05-03 三一重机有限公司 Guide wheel endurance test system

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