JP4056703B2 - Optical device - Google Patents

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JP4056703B2
JP4056703B2 JP2001012145A JP2001012145A JP4056703B2 JP 4056703 B2 JP4056703 B2 JP 4056703B2 JP 2001012145 A JP2001012145 A JP 2001012145A JP 2001012145 A JP2001012145 A JP 2001012145A JP 4056703 B2 JP4056703 B2 JP 4056703B2
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base
mounting base
intermediate base
primary mirror
secondary mirror
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JP2002214537A (en
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豊 江崎
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、反射望遠鏡などの光学装置に関し、詳しくは鏡筒の構造に特徴のある光学装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
図４〜図５は、従来のグレゴリアン反射望遠鏡の鏡筒部を説明するものであって、図４はその斜視図であり、図５は図４におけるV − V線に沿った概略断面図である。図４〜図５において、１は主鏡、１１は主鏡取付ベース、１２は主鏡１の中心に設けられた中心孔、２は副鏡、２１は副鏡取付ベース、２２は副鏡２の曲率中心、２３は主鏡１と副鏡２の合成焦点、３は上記望遠鏡の光軸、４は鏡筒である。鏡筒４は、副鏡取付ベース２１の外側に設けられたリング体４０１、リング体４０１と主鏡取付ベース１１とを結合する複数のトラス４０２、およびリング体４０１と副鏡取付ベース２１とを結合するスパイダ４０３とから構成されている。主鏡１と副鏡２とは、両者の中心が光軸３と一致し、且つ副鏡２の曲率中心２２および焦点２３が光軸３上に来るように鏡筒４に支持固定されている。
【０００３】
従来のグレゴリアン反射望遠鏡は、上記の構造を有しており、天体観測時における天体からの光は主鏡１および副鏡２により反射し、上記した通り、光軸３上に焦点２３を結ぶ。ところで上記望遠鏡の姿勢変化や温度変化などにより鏡筒４に変形が生じると、主鏡１と副鏡２との間に相対変位が生じ、観測に有害な光学性能の劣化が発生する問題がある。特に上記の構造では、リング体４０１は副鏡取付ベース２１と同じ高さに設けられ、且つ主鏡取付ベース１１と同じ外周サイズを有するために、リング体４０１とトラス４０２が上記望遠鏡の姿勢変化時に鏡筒４の自重や温度分布による不均一な熱膨張により変形し、即ち鏡筒４自体が変形し、この結果、副鏡２が光軸３に対して偏心したりあるいは傾き、かかる副鏡２の光軸３からのずれによる像の広がりや指向方向ずれなどの光学性能が劣化する問題があった。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、従来技術における上記の問題を解決するためになされたものであって、望遠鏡などの光学装置の姿勢変化時の鏡筒の自重や温度分布による不均一な熱膨張があっても、鏡筒の変形が少なくて光学性能の劣化が少ない光学装置を提供することを課題とする。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の光学装置は、（１）主鏡、上記主鏡を取り付ける主鏡取付ベース、上記主鏡に対向配置されると共に上記主鏡からの光を反射集光する副鏡、上記副鏡を取り付ける副鏡取付ベース、上記主鏡取付ベースと上記副鏡取付ベースの間に設置されると共に上記主鏡取付ベースと上記副鏡取付ベースとに結合部材により結合された環状の中間ベースを有する鏡筒を備え、中間ベースは、主鏡取付ベースとほぼ平行に且つ副鏡の曲率中心と略同じ中間位置に設置されたものである。
（２）上記（１）において、中間ベースは、副鏡取付ベースの外周サイズとほぼ等しい外周サイズを有する第一中間ベース、および主鏡取付ベースの外周サイズとほぼ等しい外周サイズを有する第二中間ベースとから構成されており、上記第一中間ベースは上記副鏡取付ベースと結合され、上記第二中間ベースは上記主鏡取付ベースと結合され、且つ上記第一中間ベースと上記第二中間ベースとは光源から主鏡への入光を許容する結合部材により結合されものである。
（３）上記（２）において、第一中間ベースと副鏡取付ベースとは筒体により結合され、第二中間ベースと主鏡取付ベースとは筒体により結合されたものである。
（４）上記（１）において、副鏡取付ベースと中間ベースは、互いにほぼ等しい外周サイズを有し、上記中間ベースと主鏡取付ベースとは、光源から主鏡への入光を許容する結合部材により結合されたものである。
（５）上記（１）〜（４）のいずれか一項において、光学装置は反射望遠鏡である。
【０００６】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下において、実施の形態１などに後続する実施の形態については、先行する実施の形態に示された部位と同じ部位については同符号を付し、各内容の説明は先行する実施の形態での説明を参照することとして省略することがある。
【０００７】
実施の形態１．
図１は、本発明における光学装置の一例たるグレゴリアン反射望遠鏡の実施の形態１を説明するものであって、上記望遠鏡の鏡筒部の概略断面図である。図１において、１は主鏡、１１は主鏡取付ベース、１２は主鏡１の中心に設けられた中心孔、２は副鏡、２１は副鏡取付ベース、２２は副鏡２の曲率中心、２３は主鏡１と副鏡２の合成焦点、３は光軸、４は鏡筒である。鏡筒４は、リング状の中間ベース４１０、複数のトラス４２０、複数のトラス４３０、およびスパイダ４４０から構成されており、また中間ベース４１０は、いずれも主鏡取付ベース１１とほぼ平行に且つ副鏡２の曲率中心２２とほぼ同じ高さの位置に設置された第一中間ベース４１１と第二中間ベース４１２とから構成されている。
【０００８】
第一中間ベース４１１は、副鏡取付ベース２１の外周サイズとほぼ等しい外周サイズを有し、第二中間ベース４１２は、主鏡取付ベース１１の外周サイズとほぼ等しい外周サイズを有している。さらに、第一中間ベース４１１と副鏡取付ベース２１とは光軸３と平行に延在する複数のトラス４２０により、第二中間ベース４１２と主鏡取付ベース１１とは光軸３と平行に延在する複数のトラス４３０により、また第一中間ベース４１１と第二中間ベース４１２とは光軸３に向かって放射状に延在する複数の接続部材からなるスパイダ４４０により、それぞれ結合されて鏡筒４が構成されている。第一中間ベース４１１と第二中間ベース４１２とを結合するスパイダ４４０は、放射状に延在する複数の部材により構成されているので、天体からの光は、上記複数の部材の間の隙間を通過して主鏡への入光が可能となる。
【０００９】
鏡筒４において、副鏡取付ベース２１および主鏡取付ベース１１は、それぞれトラス４２０およびトラス４３０を介して第一中間ベース４１１および第二中間ベース４１２に結合されているので、第一中間ベース４１１および第二中間ベース４１２に望遠鏡の姿勢変化時の鏡筒４の自重や温度分布による不均一な熱膨張による変形があっても、第二中間ベース４１２に対する主鏡１の相対変位は、副鏡２の曲率中心２２まわりの回転移動成分の割合が大半となり、一方、第一中間ベース４１１に対する副鏡２の相対変位も、曲率中心２２まわりの回転移動成分の割合が大半となる。したがって鏡筒４における主鏡１と副鏡２の各相対変位は、曲率中心２２のまわりの変位成分となる特徴を有することになる。
【００１０】
一方、前記した通り光軸３に対して副鏡２に偏心や傾きなどの相対変位が生じると、像の広がりや指向方向のずれが発生し光学性能が劣化する。しかるに副鏡２の鏡面は、球面または球面に近い曲面をなしており、副鏡２の曲率中心２２のまわりに副鏡２が相対変位した場合、上記鏡面の法線の変化は小さく、よって反射する光の進行方向のずれも小さいことから、光学性能の劣化が少ないことが知られている。したがって、トラス４２０、４３０に望遠鏡の姿勢変化時に前記した変形が生じても、鏡筒４は光学性能の劣化が少ない鏡筒構造を有することになる。
【００１１】
実施の形態２．
図２は、本発明における光学装置の一例たるグレゴリアン反射望遠鏡の実施の形態２を説明するものであって、上記望遠鏡の鏡筒部の概略断面図である。図２において４１０は、副鏡取付ベース２１の外周サイズとほぼ等しい外周サイズを有するリング状の中間ベースであり、４５０は複数のトラスである。中間ベース４１０は、主鏡取付ベース１１とほぼ平行に、且つ副鏡２の曲率中心２２とほぼ同じ高さの位置に設置されており、且つ中間ベース４１０と副鏡取付ベース２１とは光軸３と平行に延在する複数のトラス４２０により、また中間ベース４１０と主鏡取付ベース１１とは光軸３に対して傾斜して延在する複数のトラス４５０により、それぞれ結合されて鏡筒４が構成されている。複数のトラス４５０のそれぞれは、上記した通りいずれも光軸３に対して傾斜して延在しているので、天体からの光は、隣接するトラス４５０の間の隙間を通過して主鏡への入光が可能となる。
【００１２】
実施の形態２における中間ベース４１０と複数のトラス４２０は、実施の形態１におけるそれぞれ第一中間ベース４１１と複数のトラス４２０と同じものであり、しかして実施の形態２は、前記第一中間ベース４１１と同じものである中間ベース４１０と主鏡取付ベース１１とを結合することにより、実施の形態１において用いられた第二中間ベース４１２とスパイダ４４０が不要となる効果があり、しかも主鏡１と副鏡２の相対変位が曲率中心２２まわりの変位成分となる鏡筒４が得られる効果もある。
【００１３】
実施の形態３．
図３は、本発明における光学装置の一例たるグレゴリアン反射望遠鏡の実施の形態３を説明するものであって、上記望遠鏡の鏡筒部の概略断面図である。図３において、４６０は第一中間ベース４１１と副鏡取付ベース２１とを結合する筒体であり、４７０は第二中間ベース４１２と主鏡取付ベース１１とを結合する筒体である。第一中間ベース４１１と第二中間ベース４１２とは、前記実施の形態１の場合と同様に、スパイダ４４０により結合されている。
【００１４】
したがって実施の形態３は、実施の形態１とは、複数のトラス４２０に代えて筒体４６０が、また複数のトラス４３０に代えて筒体４７０が、それぞれ結合部材として用いられている点において異なり、その他の構成は同じである。複数のトラス４２０、４３０に代えて筒体４６０、４７０が用いられることにより、鏡筒４の光軸３の方向及び光軸３と垂直な方向の剛性が高くなる効果がある。
【００１５】
以上、本発明の光学装置についてグレゴリアン反射望遠鏡を例にとって説明したが、本発明は上記望遠鏡以外の種々の光学装置、就中、副鏡の曲率中心が主鏡と副鏡との間に位置するような光学機器を包含する。また実施の形態１〜３に限っても、それぞれ毎に種々の変形形態を包含する。例えば実施の形態１、３における第一中間ベース４１１と第二中間ベース４１２、実施の形態２における中間ベース４１０などの各環状構造は、図４におけるリング体４０１のような６角形を呈するものであってもよく、あるいは円形リングであってもよい。前記実施の形態３において、第一中間ベース４１１と第二中間ベース４１２とが円形リングであると、筒体４６０および筒体４７０は、いずれも円筒体となる。またさらに環状の中間ベースは、副鏡の曲率中心と略同じ高さの位置に設置されることが好ましいが、上記以外の位置に設置されても鏡筒の光軸の方向および光軸と垂直な方向の剛性を高めて光学装置の自重などに起因する光学性能の劣化を防止する効果がある。
【００１６】
【発明の効果】
本発明の光学装置は、以上説明した通り、（１）主鏡、上記主鏡を取り付ける主鏡取付ベース、上記主鏡に対向配置されると共に上記主鏡からの光を反射集光する副鏡、上記副鏡を取り付ける副鏡取付ベース、上記主鏡取付ベースと上記副鏡取付ベースの間に設置されると共に上記主鏡取付ベースと上記副鏡取付ベースとに結合部材により結合された環状の中間ベースを有する鏡筒を備え、中間ベースは、主鏡取付ベースとほぼ平行に且つ副鏡の曲率中心と略同じ中間位置に設置されたものである。上記中間ベースのない鏡筒を有する従来の光学装置では、それの姿勢変化時での自重や温度分布による不均一な熱膨張により鏡筒が変形して光学性能が劣化する問題があったが、上記中間ベースが設けられることにより鏡筒の機械的強度が増大して自重などに対する耐変形性が向上し、この結果、光学的劣化が少なくなる効果がある。
【００１７】
また中間ベースは、主鏡取付ベースとほぼ平行に且つ副鏡の曲率中心と略同じ中間位置に設置されたものであると、鏡筒の変形による副鏡と主鏡の相対変位が、副鏡鏡面の曲率中心周りの回転移動成分となることにより、光軸ずれによる像の広がりや指向方向ずれといった光学性能の劣化が少なくなる効果がある。
【００１８】
また（２）上記（１）において、中間ベースは、副鏡取付ベースの外周サイズとほぼ等しい外周サイズを有する第一中間ベース、および主鏡取付ベースの外周サイズとほぼ等しい外周サイズを有する第二中間ベースとから構成されており、上記第一中間ベースは上記副鏡取付ベースと結合され、上記第二中間ベースは上記主鏡取付ベースと結合され、且つ上記第一中間ベースと上記第二中間ベースとは光源から主鏡への入光を許容する結合部材により結合されものであると、つぎの効果がある。即ち第一中間ベースおよび第二中間ベースに光学装置の姿勢変化時における鏡筒の自重による変形や温度分布による熱変形が生じても、第二中間ベースに対する主鏡の相対変位は、副鏡曲率中心まわりの回転移動成分の割合が大半となり、第一中間ベースに対する副鏡の相対変位も、副鏡曲率中心まわりの回転移動成分の割合が大半となる。したがって、主鏡と副鏡の各相対変位が副鏡曲率中心のまわりの変位成分となる鏡筒構造が得られることになる。一方、光軸に対して副鏡に偏心や傾きなどの相対変位が生じると、像の広がりや指向方向のずれが発生して光学性能が劣化するが、副鏡の鏡面は球面または球面に近い曲面をなしており、副鏡の曲率中心のまわりに副鏡が相対変位した場合には上記鏡面の法線の変化は小さく、よって反射する光の進行方向のずれも小さいことから、トラスなどの結合部材に光学装置の姿勢変化による鏡筒の自重や温度分布などにより変形が生じても光学性能の劣化が少なくなる。
【００１９】
また（３）上記（２）において、第一中間ベースと副鏡取付ベースとは筒体により結合され、第二中間ベースと主鏡取付ベースとは筒体により結合されたものであると、上記した効果の他に、主鏡取付ベースと第二中間ベースとの光軸方向および光軸と垂直な方向の剛性が高く、光軸ずれによる像の広がりや指向方向ずれといった光学性能の劣化がさらに少ない鏡筒が得られる効果がある。
【００２０】
また（４）上記（１）において、副鏡取付ベースと中間ベースは、互いにほぼ等しい外周サイズを有し、上記中間ベースと主鏡取付ベースとは、光源から主鏡への入光を許容する結合部材により結合されたものであると、前記（１）の発明が有する効果に加えて、前記（２）の発明において必要であった第一中間ベースと第二中間ベースとを結合するスパイダのような結合部材および第二中間ベースとが不要となる効果があり、しかも主鏡と副鏡の相対変位が副鏡の曲率中心まわりの変位成分となる鏡筒が得られる効果もある。
【００２１】
またさらに（５）上記（１）〜（４）のいずれか一項において、光学装置は反射望遠鏡であると、光学性能の劣化が少ない大型乃至超大型の反射望遠鏡を製造することができる大きな効果がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 本発明における光学装置の実施の形態１の一部概略断面図。
【図２】 本発明における光学装置の実施の形態２の一部概略断面図。
【図３】 本発明における光学装置の実施の形態３の一部概略断面図。
【図４】 従来の光学装置の一部斜視図。
【図５】 図４のV − V線に沿った概略断面図。
【符号の説明】
１ 主鏡、１１ 主鏡取付ベース、２ 副鏡、２１ 副鏡取付ベース、
２２ 副鏡の曲率中心、３ 光軸、４ 鏡筒 ４１０ 中間ベース、
４１１ 第一中間ベース、４１２ 第二中間ベース、４２０ トラス、
４４０ スパイダ、 ４３０ トラス、４５０ トラス、４６０ 筒体、
４７０ 筒体。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an optical apparatus such as a reflective telescope, and more particularly to an optical apparatus characterized by the structure of a lens barrel.
[0002]
[Prior art]
4 to 5 are views for explaining a lens barrel of a conventional Gregorian reflector telescope. FIG. 4 is a perspective view thereof, and FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view taken along line V-V in FIG. is there. 4 to 5, 1 is a primary mirror, 11 is a primary mirror mounting base, 12 is a central hole provided in the center of the primary mirror 1, 2 is a secondary mirror, 21 is a secondary mirror mounting base, and 22 is a secondary mirror 2. , 23 is the combined focus of the primary mirror 1 and the secondary mirror 2, 3 is the optical axis of the telescope, and 4 is the lens barrel. The lens barrel 4 includes a ring body 401 provided outside the secondary mirror mounting base 21, a plurality of trusses 402 that couple the ring body 401 and the primary mirror mounting base 11, and a ring body 401 and the secondary mirror mounting base 21. And a spider 403 to be coupled. The primary mirror 1 and the secondary mirror 2 are supported and fixed to the lens barrel 4 so that the centers of both coincide with the optical axis 3 and the center of curvature 22 and the focal point 23 of the secondary mirror 2 are on the optical axis 3. .
[0003]
The conventional Gregorian reflector telescope has the above-described structure, and light from the celestial body at the time of celestial observation is reflected by the primary mirror 1 and the secondary mirror 2 and forms the focal point 23 on the optical axis 3 as described above. By the way, when the lens barrel 4 is deformed due to a change in the attitude or temperature of the telescope, a relative displacement occurs between the primary mirror 1 and the secondary mirror 2 and there is a problem in that optical performance detrimental to observation is deteriorated. . In particular, in the above structure, the ring body 401 is provided at the same height as the secondary mirror mounting base 21 and has the same outer peripheral size as the primary mirror mounting base 11, so that the ring body 401 and the truss 402 change the attitude of the telescope. Sometimes the lens barrel 4 is deformed by non-uniform thermal expansion due to its own weight or temperature distribution, that is, the lens barrel 4 itself is deformed. There has been a problem that the optical performance such as the spread of the image and the deviation in the direction of the direction due to the deviation of 2 from the optical axis 3 deteriorates.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention was made to solve the above-described problems in the prior art, and even if there is uneven thermal expansion due to the weight of the lens barrel or the temperature distribution when the attitude of the optical device such as a telescope changes, It is an object of the present invention to provide an optical device in which the lens barrel is less deformed and the optical performance is less deteriorated.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The optical device of the present invention includes: (1) a primary mirror, a primary mirror mounting base to which the primary mirror is attached, a secondary mirror that is disposed opposite to the primary mirror and reflects and collects light from the primary mirror, and the secondary mirror. A secondary mirror mounting base to be mounted, a mirror having an annular intermediate base that is installed between the primary mirror mounting base and the secondary mirror mounting base and coupled to the primary mirror mounting base and the secondary mirror mounting base by a coupling member The intermediate base is provided in a middle position substantially parallel to the primary mirror mounting base and substantially the same as the center of curvature of the secondary mirror .
(2) Oite above (1), the intermediate base, first have approximately equal outer peripheral size as the first intermediate base, and the primary mirror mounting base periphery size having a substantially equal outer peripheral size as the outer peripheral size of the secondary mirror mount base The first intermediate base is connected to the secondary mirror mounting base, the second intermediate base is connected to the primary mirror mounting base, and the first intermediate base and the second intermediate base are combined. The intermediate base is coupled by a coupling member that allows light from the light source to enter the primary mirror.
( 3 ) In the above ( 2 ), the first intermediate base and the secondary mirror mounting base are coupled by a cylindrical body, and the second intermediate base and the primary mirror mounting base are coupled by a cylindrical body.
(4) Oite above (1), the secondary mirror mounting base and the intermediate base has a substantially equal outer peripheral size to each other, and is the intermediate base and the primary mirror mounting base, permit light incident to the main lens from the light source It is connected by a connecting member.
( 5 ) In any one of the above (1) to ( 4 ), the optical device is a reflective telescope.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the following, for the embodiments subsequent to the first embodiment and the like, the same parts as those shown in the preceding embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description of each content is the same as in the preceding embodiments. It may be omitted as referring to the description.
[0007]
Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 illustrates a first embodiment of a Gregorian reflection telescope as an example of an optical apparatus according to the present invention, and is a schematic cross-sectional view of a lens barrel portion of the telescope. In FIG. 1, 1 is a primary mirror, 11 is a primary mirror mounting base, 12 is a central hole provided at the center of the primary mirror 1, 2 is a secondary mirror, 21 is a secondary mirror mounting base, and 22 is the center of curvature of the secondary mirror 2. , 23 is a composite focus of the primary mirror 1 and the secondary mirror 2, 3 is an optical axis, and 4 is a lens barrel. The lens barrel 4 includes a ring-shaped intermediate base 410, a plurality of trusses 420, a plurality of trusses 430, and a spider 440, and the intermediate base 410 is substantially parallel to the main mirror mounting base 11 and the sub-base 4. The mirror 2 is composed of a first intermediate base 411 and a second intermediate base 412 which are installed at substantially the same height as the center of curvature 22 of the mirror 2.
[0008]
The first intermediate base 411 has an outer peripheral size substantially equal to the outer peripheral size of the secondary mirror mounting base 21, and the second intermediate base 412 has an outer peripheral size substantially equal to the outer peripheral size of the primary mirror mounting base 11. Further, the first intermediate base 411 and the secondary mirror mounting base 21 are extended in parallel with the optical axis 3 by the plurality of trusses 420 extending in parallel with the optical axis 3, and the second intermediate base 412 and the primary mirror mounting base 11 are extended in parallel with the optical axis 3. The plurality of existing trusses 430 and the first intermediate base 411 and the second intermediate base 412 are coupled by the spider 440 including a plurality of connecting members extending radially toward the optical axis 3, respectively. Is configured. The spider 440 that couples the first intermediate base 411 and the second intermediate base 412 includes a plurality of radially extending members, so that light from the celestial body passes through the gaps between the plurality of members. As a result, light can enter the primary mirror.
[0009]
In the lens barrel 4, the secondary mirror mounting base 21 and the primary mirror mounting base 11 are coupled to the first intermediate base 411 and the second intermediate base 412 via the truss 420 and the truss 430, respectively. Even if the second intermediate base 412 is deformed by non-uniform thermal expansion due to its own weight or temperature distribution when the attitude of the telescope changes, the relative displacement of the primary mirror 1 with respect to the second intermediate base 412 The ratio of the rotational movement component around the curvature center 22 of 2 is the majority, while the relative displacement of the secondary mirror 2 relative to the first intermediate base 411 is also the percentage of the rotational movement component around the curvature center 22. Accordingly, each relative displacement of the primary mirror 1 and the secondary mirror 2 in the lens barrel 4 has a feature that becomes a displacement component around the center of curvature 22.
[0010]
On the other hand, if relative displacement such as decentration or inclination occurs in the secondary mirror 2 with respect to the optical axis 3 as described above, the spread of the image or the deviation of the directing direction occurs and the optical performance deteriorates. However, the mirror surface of the secondary mirror 2 has a spherical surface or a curved surface close to a spherical surface, and when the secondary mirror 2 is relatively displaced around the center of curvature 22 of the secondary mirror 2, the change in the normal of the mirror surface is small, and therefore the reflection is reflected. It is known that there is little deterioration in the optical performance because the deviation in the traveling direction of the transmitted light is small. Therefore, even if the above-described deformation occurs in the truss 420, 430 when the attitude of the telescope changes, the lens barrel 4 has a lens barrel structure with little deterioration in optical performance.
[0011]
Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a barrel portion of the telescope, for explaining a second embodiment of the Gregorian reflecting telescope as an example of the optical apparatus according to the present invention. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 410 denotes a ring-shaped intermediate base having an outer peripheral size substantially equal to the outer peripheral size of the secondary mirror mounting base 21, and 450 denotes a plurality of trusses. The intermediate base 410 is installed at a position substantially parallel to the primary mirror mounting base 11 and at substantially the same height as the curvature center 22 of the secondary mirror 2, and the intermediate base 410 and the secondary mirror mounting base 21 are optical axes. 3 and a plurality of trusses 420 extending in parallel to the optical axis 3, and the intermediate base 410 and the primary mirror mounting base 11 are coupled to each other by a plurality of trusses 450 extending obliquely with respect to the optical axis 3. Is configured. Since each of the plurality of trusses 450 is inclined with respect to the optical axis 3 as described above, the light from the celestial body passes through the gap between the adjacent trusses 450 to the main mirror. Can be incident.
[0012]
The intermediate base 410 and the plurality of trusses 420 in the second embodiment are the same as the first intermediate base 411 and the plurality of trusses 420 in the first embodiment, respectively, and the second embodiment is the first intermediate base. By combining the intermediate base 410 and the primary mirror mounting base 11 which are the same as the reference numeral 411, there is an effect that the second intermediate base 412 and the spider 440 used in the first embodiment are unnecessary, and the primary mirror 1 There is also an effect that the lens barrel 4 in which the relative displacement of the secondary mirror 2 becomes a displacement component around the center of curvature 22 can be obtained.
[0013]
Embodiment 3 FIG.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a barrel portion of the telescope, for explaining a third embodiment of the Gregorian reflection telescope as an example of the optical apparatus according to the present invention. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 460 denotes a cylindrical body that couples the first intermediate base 411 and the secondary mirror mounting base 21, and reference numeral 470 denotes a cylindrical body that couples the second intermediate base 412 and the primary mirror mounting base 11. The first intermediate base 411 and the second intermediate base 412 are coupled by a spider 440 as in the case of the first embodiment.
[0014]
Therefore, the third embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a cylindrical body 460 is used as a coupling member instead of the plurality of trusses 420, and a cylindrical body 470 is used instead of the plurality of trusses 430. Other configurations are the same. By using the cylindrical bodies 460 and 470 instead of the plurality of trusses 420 and 430, there is an effect that the rigidity of the lens barrel 4 in the direction of the optical axis 3 and in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis 3 is increased.
[0015]
As described above, the optical apparatus of the present invention has been described by taking the Gregorian reflecting telescope as an example. However, the present invention relates to various optical apparatuses other than the above telescope, in particular, the center of curvature of the secondary mirror is located between the primary mirror and the secondary mirror Including such optical instruments. Moreover, even if it restricts to Embodiment 1-3, a various deformation | transformation form is included for each. For example, each annular structure such as the first intermediate base 411 and the second intermediate base 412 in the first and third embodiments and the intermediate base 410 in the second embodiment has a hexagonal shape like the ring body 401 in FIG. There may be a circular ring. In Embodiment 3, when the first intermediate base 411 and the second intermediate base 412 are circular rings, the cylindrical body 460 and the cylindrical body 470 are both cylindrical bodies. Further, the annular intermediate base is preferably installed at a position substantially the same height as the center of curvature of the secondary mirror. The effect of preventing the deterioration of the optical performance due to the weight of the optical device and the like by increasing the rigidity in various directions.
[0016]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the optical device according to the present invention includes (1) a primary mirror, a primary mirror mounting base to which the primary mirror is attached, a secondary mirror that is disposed opposite to the primary mirror and reflects and collects light from the primary mirror. A secondary mirror mounting base for mounting the secondary mirror, and an annular ring mounted between the primary mirror mounting base and the secondary mirror mounting base and coupled to the primary mirror mounting base and the secondary mirror mounting base by a coupling member. A lens barrel having an intermediate base is provided , and the intermediate base is installed in substantially the same intermediate position as the center of curvature of the secondary mirror and substantially parallel to the primary mirror mounting base . In the conventional optical apparatus having the lens barrel without the intermediate base, there is a problem that the optical performance is deteriorated due to deformation of the lens barrel due to non-uniform thermal expansion due to its own weight or temperature distribution at the time of its posture change. The provision of the intermediate base increases the mechanical strength of the lens barrel and improves the deformation resistance against its own weight. As a result, there is an effect of reducing optical deterioration.
[0017]
Base during Among was or, when one in which substantially disposed on the same intermediate position substantially parallel to and the center of curvature of the secondary mirror and the primary mirror mounting base, the relative displacement of the secondary mirror and the primary mirror by the deformation of the lens barrel, By being a rotationally moving component around the center of curvature of the secondary mirror surface, there is an effect of reducing deterioration in optical performance such as spread of an image due to an optical axis shift and a shift in a pointing direction.
[0018]
The (2) Oite above (1), the intermediate base has a substantially equal outer peripheral size as the first intermediate base, and the primary mirror mounting base periphery size having a substantially equal outer peripheral size as the outer peripheral size of the secondary mirror mount base A second intermediate base, the first intermediate base is connected to the secondary mirror mounting base, the second intermediate base is connected to the primary mirror mounting base, and the first intermediate base and the first intermediate base When the two intermediate bases are coupled by a coupling member that allows light from the light source to enter the primary mirror, the following effects are obtained. In other words, even if the first intermediate base and the second intermediate base are deformed due to the weight of the lens barrel or the thermal deformation due to the temperature distribution when the attitude of the optical device is changed, the relative displacement of the primary mirror with respect to the second intermediate base is the secondary mirror curvature. The ratio of the rotational movement component around the center is the majority, and the relative displacement of the secondary mirror with respect to the first intermediate base is also the percentage of the rotational movement component around the secondary mirror curvature center. Therefore, a lens barrel structure is obtained in which each relative displacement between the primary mirror and the secondary mirror becomes a displacement component around the secondary mirror curvature center. On the other hand, if relative displacement such as eccentricity or tilt occurs in the secondary mirror with respect to the optical axis, the optical performance deteriorates due to the spread of the image and the deviation of the pointing direction, but the mirror surface of the secondary mirror is spherical or close to spherical. When the secondary mirror is relatively displaced around the center of curvature of the secondary mirror, the change in the normal of the mirror surface is small and the deviation in the traveling direction of the reflected light is also small. Even if the coupling member is deformed due to the weight of the lens barrel or the temperature distribution due to the change in the attitude of the optical device, the optical performance is less deteriorated.
[0019]
( 3 ) In the above ( 2 ), the first intermediate base and the secondary mirror mounting base are coupled by a cylindrical body, and the second intermediate base and the primary mirror mounting base are coupled by a cylindrical body. In addition to the effects described above, the rigidity of the optical axis direction between the primary mirror mounting base and the second intermediate base and the direction perpendicular to the optical axis are high, and optical performance deterioration such as image spread and pointing direction deviation due to optical axis misalignment is further increased. There is an effect that a small barrel can be obtained.
[0020]
The (4) Oite above (1), the secondary mirror mounting base and the intermediate base has a substantially equal outer peripheral size to each other, and is the intermediate base and the primary mirror mounting base, the light incident from the light source to the main mirror In addition to the effect of the invention of (1) above, the first intermediate base and the second intermediate base, which are necessary in the invention of (2), are connected to each other by an allowable connecting member. There is an effect that a connecting member such as a spider and the second intermediate base are not required, and there is also an effect that a lens barrel in which the relative displacement between the primary mirror and the secondary mirror becomes a displacement component around the center of curvature of the secondary mirror is obtained.
[0021]
( 5 ) In any one of the above (1) to ( 4 ), if the optical device is a reflective telescope, it is possible to produce a large or very large reflective telescope with little deterioration in optical performance. There is.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a partial schematic cross-sectional view of an optical device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partial schematic cross-sectional view of an optical device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a partial schematic cross-sectional view of an optical device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view of a conventional optical device.
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line V-V in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 primary mirror, 11 primary mirror mounting base, 2 secondary mirror, 21 secondary mirror mounting base,
22 Center of curvature of secondary mirror, 3 optical axes, 4 lens barrel, 410 intermediate base,
411 first intermediate base, 412 second intermediate base, 420 truss,
440 spider, 430 truss, 450 truss, 460 cylinder,
470 cylinder.

Claims (5)

主鏡、上記主鏡を取り付ける主鏡取付ベース、上記主鏡に対向配置されると共に上記主鏡からの光を反射集光する副鏡、上記副鏡を取り付ける副鏡取付ベース、上記主鏡取付ベースと上記副鏡取付ベースの間に設置されると共に上記主鏡取付ベースと上記副鏡取付ベースとに結合部材により結合された環状の中間ベースを有する鏡筒を備え、中間ベースは、主鏡取付ベースとほぼ平行に且つ副鏡の曲率中心と略同じ中間位置に設置されたことを特徴とする光学装置。A primary mirror, a primary mirror mounting base to which the primary mirror is mounted, a secondary mirror which is disposed opposite to the primary mirror and reflects and collects light from the primary mirror, a secondary mirror mounting base to which the secondary mirror is mounted, and a primary mirror mounting A lens barrel having an annular intermediate base installed between the base and the secondary mirror mounting base and coupled to the primary mirror mounting base and the secondary mirror mounting base by a coupling member ; An optical apparatus characterized by being installed at an intermediate position substantially parallel to the mounting base and substantially the same as the center of curvature of the secondary mirror . 中間ベースは、副鏡取付ベースの外周サイズとほぼ等しい外周サイズを有する第一中間ベース、および主鏡取付ベースの外周サイズとほぼ等しい外周サイズを有する第二中間ベースとから構成されており、上記第一中間ベースは上記副鏡取付ベースと結合され、上記第二中間ベースは上記主鏡取付ベースと結合され、且つ上記第一中間ベースと上記第二中間ベースとは光源から主鏡への入光を許容する結合部材により結合されたことを特徴とする請求項１記載の光学装置。The intermediate base is composed of a first intermediate base having an outer peripheral size substantially equal to the outer peripheral size of the secondary mirror mounting base, and a second intermediate base having an outer peripheral size substantially equal to the outer peripheral size of the primary mirror mounting base. The first intermediate base is coupled to the secondary mirror mounting base, the second intermediate base is coupled to the primary mirror mounting base, and the first intermediate base and the second intermediate base are connected to the primary mirror from the light source. the optical apparatus of claim 1 Symbol mounting, characterized in that coupled by the coupling member that allows light. 第一中間ベースと副鏡取付ベースとは筒体により結合され、第二中間ベースと主鏡取付ベースとは筒体により結合されたことを特徴とする請求項２記載の光学装置。 3. The optical apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the first intermediate base and the secondary mirror mounting base are coupled by a cylinder, and the second intermediate base and the primary mirror mounting base are coupled by a cylinder. 副鏡取付ベースと中間ベースは、互いにほぼ等しい外周サイズを有し、上記中間ベースと主鏡取付ベースとは、光源から主鏡への入光を許容する結合部材により結合されたことを特徴とする請求項１記載の光学装置。The secondary mirror mounting base and the intermediate base have substantially the same outer peripheral size, and the intermediate base and the primary mirror mounting base are coupled by a coupling member that allows light to enter the primary mirror from the light source. the optical apparatus of claim 1 Symbol mounting to. 反射望遠鏡であることを特徴とする請求項１〜請求項４のいずれか一項記載の光学装置。The optical apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the optical apparatus is a reflective telescope.
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