JP4053823B2 - Lubricating composition and lubricating composition-enclosed bearing - Google Patents

Lubricating composition and lubricating composition-enclosed bearing Download PDF

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JP4053823B2
JP4053823B2 JP2002172958A JP2002172958A JP4053823B2 JP 4053823 B2 JP4053823 B2 JP 4053823B2 JP 2002172958 A JP2002172958 A JP 2002172958A JP 2002172958 A JP2002172958 A JP 2002172958A JP 4053823 B2 JP4053823 B2 JP 4053823B2
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lubricating composition
oil
bearing
acid
antioxidant
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JP2004018597A (en
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英信 三上
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NTN Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は潤滑組成物および該潤滑組成物封入軸受に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
各種産業機械や車両等に組み込まれる転がり軸受には、潤滑性を付与するために潤滑組成物が封入される。この潤滑組成物は基油と増ちょう剤と添加剤とを混練して得られ、基油としては鉱油やエステル油、シリコーン油、エーテル油等の合成潤滑油が、また増ちょう剤としてはリチウム石けん等の金属石けんやウレア化合物が一般的に使用されている。また、添加剤としては、必要に応じて酸化防止剤、さび止剤、金属不活性剤、粘度指数向上剤などの各種添加剤が配合される。
近年、家電や産業機器などに使用される軸受は、高温高速回転で使用される。また、静音性、高温高速耐久性、小さい回転トルク、およびフレッティング性に優れていることが要求されている。
従来、高温耐久性に優れたグリースなどの潤滑組成物として、基油にウレア系増ちょう剤等を配合した潤滑組成物が知られている(特開平9−208982号、特開平11−270566号、特開2001−107073号等)。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、軸受に封入することで、高温高速耐久性に優れるとともに、フレッティング性に優れ、回転トルクを低下させ、静音性に優れる潤滑組成物は得られていないという問題がある。例えば、高温高速耐久性を向上させるためには基油としてエステル油が好ましいが、フレッティング性を向上させるためには合成炭化水素油が好ましい。また、回転トルクは潤滑組成物の粘度が低いと小さくなるが、高温高速耐久性は低下するため、全ての特性を満足する潤滑組成物を得ることは極めて困難である。
本発明は、このような問題に対処するためになされたもので、静音性と高温高速耐久性を兼ね備え、かつ回転トルクが小さく、フレッティング性に優れた潤滑組成物およびこの潤滑組成物を封入した潤滑組成物封入軸受の提供を目的とする。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明に係る潤滑組成物は、基油、増ちょう剤および添加剤を含む潤滑組成物において、(A)基油が後述する所定の混合油であり、(B)増ちょう剤が、潤滑組成物全体に対して、5〜20 重量%含む後述する所定の脂肪族ジウレア化合物であり、(C)添加剤が、アミン系酸化防止剤およびアルキルジチオリン酸亜鉛を、該酸化防止剤を除いた潤滑組成物全体に対して、それぞれ 0.1〜3 重量%配合された酸化防止剤であることを特徴とする。
本発明に係る潤滑組成物封入軸受は、上記潤滑組成物を封入してなることを特徴とする。
【0005】
軸受に封入して、軸受としての静音性、高温高速耐久性、回転トルク、およびフレッティング性の全ての特性を満足する潤滑組成物について検討した。
分散性の優れた増ちょう剤を使用すると静音性が向上することが分かった。分散性の優れた増ちょう剤の中でも脂肪族ジウレア化合物がより静音性を向上させることが分かった。
高温高速耐久性に優れる基油の種類・特性および添加剤を検討した結果、上記(A)および(C)の条件のとき、最も高温高速耐久性が向上した。また、この条件とすることにより、回転トルクおよびフレッティング性がともに向上することが分かった。
以上の結果、上記(A)、(B)および(C)の条件を満たす潤滑組成物とすることにより、静音性、高温高速耐久性、回転トルク、およびフレッティング性の全ての特性を満足する潤滑組成物が得られた。本発明はこのような知見に基づくものである。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明に使用できる基油は以下の条件を満たす基油である。
(イ)組成が合成炭化水素油とエステル油の混合油;
(ロ)上記混合油の 40℃における動粘度が 70 mm2/sec 以下;
(ハ)上記混合油全体に対する上記エステル油の割合が 30〜70 重量%;
(ニ)上記合成炭化水素油および上記エステル油の 40℃における動粘度がそれぞれ 40 mm2/sec 以上。
【0007】
本発明に使用できる合成炭化水素油は脂肪族系炭化水素油が好ましく、脂肪族系炭化水素油の中でもポリ−α−オレフィン油、α−オレフィンとオレフィンとの共重合体等がより好ましい。
これらは、α−オレフィンの低重合体であるオリゴマーとし、その末端二重結合に水素を添加した構造である。また、ポリα−オレフィンの 1 種であるポリブテンも使用でき、これはイソブチレンを主体とする出発原料から塩化アルミニウム等の触媒を用いて重合して製造できる。ポリブテンは、そのまま用いても水素添加して用いてもよい。
合成炭化水素油は室温で液状を示し、 40℃における動粘度が 40 mm2/sec 以上である。好ましくは 40 〜60 mm2/sec である。 40 mm2/sec 未満であると、短時間で基油が劣化し、生成した劣化物が基油全体の劣化を促進するため、高温高速耐久性に劣る。
【0008】
本発明で使用できるエステル油は分子内にエステル基を有し室温で液状を示す化合物である。好適なエステル油としては芳香族エステル油、ポリオールエステル油が挙げられる。
芳香族エステル油は、芳香族多塩基酸またはその誘導体と、高級アルコールとの反応で得られる化合物が好ましい。芳香族多塩基酸としてはトリメリット酸、ビフェニルトリカルボン酸、ナフタレントリカルボン酸などの芳香族三塩基酸、ピロメリット酸、ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸、ベンゾフェノンテトラカルボン酸、ナフタレンテトラカルボン酸などの芳香族四塩基酸、またはこれらの酸無水物などの誘導体が挙げられる。高級アルコールとしてはオクチルアルコール、デシルアルコール等炭素数4以上の脂肪族一価アルコールが好ましい。芳香族エステル油の例としてはトリオクチルトリメリテート、トリデシルトリメリテート、テトラオクチルピロメリテートなどが挙げられる。
【0009】
ポリオールエステル油はポリオールと一塩基酸との反応で得られる分子内にエステル基を複数個有する化合物が好ましい。ポリオールに反応させる一塩基酸は単独で用いてもよく、また混合物として用いてもよい。なお、オリゴエステルの場合には二塩基酸を用いてもよい。
ポリオールとしては、トリメチロールプロパン、ペンタエリスリトール、ジペンタエリスリトール、ネオペンチルグリコール、2-メチル-2-プロピル-1,3-プロパンジオール等が挙げられる。
一塩基酸としては、炭素数 4〜18 の一価の脂肪酸が挙げられる。例えば、吉草酸、カプロン酸、カプリル酸、エナント酸、ペラルゴン酸、カプリン酸、ウンデカン酸、ラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、牛脂酸、ステアリン酸、カプロレイン酸、ウンデシレン酸、リンデル酸、ツズ酸、フィゼテリン酸、ミリストレイン酸、パルミトレイン酸、ペトロセリン酸、オレイン酸、エライジン酸、アスクレピン酸、バクセン酸、ソルビン酸、リノール酸、リノレン酸、サビニン酸、リシノール酸などが挙げられる。
【0010】
エステル油の 40℃における動粘度は 40 mm2/sec 以上である。好ましくは 40〜100 mm2/sec である。 40 mm2/sec 未満であると、短時間で基油が劣化し、生成した劣化物が基油全体の劣化を促進するため、高温高速耐久性に劣る。
【0011】
本発明に使用できる基油は、上記合成炭化水素油とエステル油との混合油である。その配合割合は、混合油全体に対するエステル油の割合が 30〜70 重量%、かつ、その混合油の 40℃における動粘度が 70 mm2/sec 以下である。エステル油の割合が 30 重量%未満であると高温高速耐久性に劣り、70 重量%をこえるとフレッティング性が低下する。また、混合油の 40℃における動粘度が 70 mm2/sec をこえると、回転トルクが上昇する。
【0012】
本発明に使用できる増ちょう剤は、分散したときに微細粒子となる脂肪族ジウレア化合物であり、下記式(1)で示される。
【化2】

Figure 0004053823
ここで、R1およびR3は炭素数 6〜20 の脂肪族炭化水素基であり、R2は炭素数 6〜15 の芳香族炭化水素基である。R1およびR3は同一であっても異なっていてもよい。
1およびR3で示される脂肪族炭化水素基は、直鎖状炭化水素が好ましく、オクチルアミン等のアミノ基を除いた残基が挙げられる。
2で示される芳香族炭化水素基は芳香族単環、芳香族縮合環、これらがメチレン鎖、シアヌル環、イソシアヌル環等で連結された基等が挙げられる。具体的には、ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート、トリレンジイソシアネート、これらジイソシアネート類の二量体等のイソシアネート基を除いた残基が挙げられる。芳香族炭化水素基とすることにより、高温高速耐久性が向上する。
【0013】
ウレア系増ちょう剤は、イソシアネート化合物とアミノ化合物を反応させることにより得られる。反応性ある遊離基を残さないため、イソシアネート化合物のイソシアネート基とアミノ化合物のアミノ基とは略当量となるように配合することが好ましい。
基油中へ増ちょう剤を配合するときは、基油中でイソシアネート化合物とアミノ化合物とを反応させてもよく、またあらかじめ合成されたウレア系増ちょう剤を基油に混合してもよい。好ましい作製方法は、潤滑組成物の安定性を保ちやすい前者の方法である。
【0014】
上記ウレア系増ちょう剤の配合割合は、潤滑組成物全体に対して 5〜20 重量%である。 5 重量%未満では、潤滑組成物が粘度の低い液状となって漏洩しやすく軸受に封入することが困難になる。また 20 重量%をこえると固化しやすくなり、軸受封入用の潤滑組成物として実用性がなくなる。
【0015】
本発明で使用できるアミン系酸化防止剤は、p,p′−ジオクチルジフェニルアミン、N,N′−ジイソプロピル−p−フェニレンジアミン、N,N′−ジ−sec−ブチル−p−フェニレンジアミンなどのアルキルジフェニルアミン、フェニル−1−ナフチルアミン、フェニル−2−ナフチルアミン、ジフェニル−p−フェニレンジアミン、ジピリジルアミン、オレイルアミドアミン等が挙げられる。
本発明で使用できるイオウを含む酸化防止剤は、フェノチアジン、N−メチルフェノチアジン、N−エチルフェノチアジン、3,7−ジオクチルフェノチアジン、アルキルジチオリン酸金属塩、ジラウリルチオジプロピオネート、ジステアリルチオジプロピオネート、ジミリスチルチオジプロピオネート、ジトリデシルチオジプロピオネートなどのイオウ系酸化防止剤等が挙げられる。
【0016】
アミン系酸化防止剤は特にエステル油の高温高速耐久性を、イオウ系酸化防止剤は合成炭化水素油の高温高速耐久性をそれぞれ向上させる。そのため、本発明においては、アミン系酸化防止剤およびイオウを含む酸化防止剤を、該酸化防止剤を除いた潤滑組成物全体に対して、それぞれ該潤滑組成物全体の 0.1〜3 重量%配合させることにより、全体として高温高速耐久性に優れた潤滑組成物が得られる。
【0017】
本発明に係る潤滑組成物には、その優れた性能を高めるため、必要に応じて他の公知の添加剤を含有させることができる。この添加剤として、例えば、塩素系、イオウ系、リン系、有機モリブデンなど極圧剤、石油スルホネート、ジノニルナフタレンスルホネート、ソルビタンエステルなどのさび止剤、ベンゾトリアゾール、亜硝酸ソーダなどの金属不活性剤、ポリメタクリレート、ポリイソブチレン、ポリスチレンなどの粘度指数向上剤などが挙げられ、これらを単独または 2
種類以上組み合わせて添加できる。
【0018】
本発明に係る軸受の一例を図1に示す。図1は小径転がり軸受の断面図である。 転がり軸受1は、外周面に内輪転走面を有する内輪2と内周面に外輪転走面を有する外輪3とが同心に配置され、内輪転走面と外輪転走面との間に介在される複数個の転動体4および図示を省略した保持器およびシール部材とにより構成される。内輪2と外輪3との間に上述した潤滑組成物5が封入される。
【0019】
本発明に係る軸受は、上記潤滑組成物を封入するので、静音性、高温高速耐久性、回転トルク、およびフレッティング性の全ての特性を満足する軸受が得られる。その結果、例えば 150℃程度の温度で使用されるモータ、電装補機、汎用モータ、サーボモータ用軸受として用いることができる。
【0020】
【実施例】
実施例1、実施例2、比較例1〜7
表1に示す配合割合で基油、増ちょう剤の原料および酸化防止剤を使用して潤滑組成物を作製した。なお、表1および表2に示すエステル油1は新日鉄化学社製商品名ハトコールH2362、エステル油2は旭電化工業社製商品名LX275、エステル油3は花王社製商品名カオルーブ268、合成炭化水素油1は新日鉄化学社製商品名シンフルード801、合成炭化水素油2は新日鉄化学社製商品名シンフルード601をそれぞれ用いた。
ジイソシアナートを基油半量に加熱溶解させ、これに表1記載のアミンを同基油半量に加熱溶解させたものを加えた。アミンの配合量は、モル比でジイソシアナートの 2 倍である。生成したゲル状物質に酸化防止剤を加え撹拌した後、ロールミルに通し、潤滑組成物として半固形状の潤滑グリースを得た。なお、表1において、基油および増ちょう剤の各配合割合は、基油および増ちょう剤全体を 100重量%とした場合の含有率(重量%)であり、酸化防止剤は、基油および増ちょう剤全体に対する含有率(重量%)である。
得られた潤滑組成物の混和ちょう度の測定結果と、用いた基油の粘度測定結果を表1に示した。また、以下に示す音響測定、高温高速耐久性試験、回転トルク試験およびフレッティング試験を行ない、これらの結果を表1に併記した。
【0021】
(1)音響測定
潤滑組成物を封入した転がり玉軸受(軸受寸法:内径 8mm、外径 22mm、幅 7mm)を用意して、この軸受に 7.8N のアキシャル荷重をかけ、1800rpmで 30 秒運転し、振動値G(RMS値)を測定した。下記のように2段階評価し、その結果を表1に併記する。
○印:振動値が 30mG 未満
×印:振動値が 30mG 以上
【0022】
(2)高温高速耐久性試験
転がり軸受(軸受寸法:内径 20mm、外径 47mm、幅 14mm)に潤滑組成物を 0.7g 封入し、軸受外輪外径部温度 150℃、ラジアル荷重 67N、アキシャル荷重 67N の下で 10000rpm の回転数で回転させ、焼き付きに至るまでの時間を測定した。試験結果を表1に併記する。
(3)回転トルク試験
転がり軸受(軸受寸法:内径 20mm、外径 47mm、幅 14mm)に潤滑組成物を 1.8g 封入し、回転数 8000rpm 、室温雰囲気、アキシャル荷重 39.2N で回転させた。回転開始してから 10分後、軸受で発生する回転トルクの平均値を算出した。算出した回転トルクの平均値を下記のように2段階評価し、その結果を表1に併記する。
○印:回転トルクが 5×10-2Nm 未満
×印:回転トルクが 5×10-2Nm 以上
【0023】
(4)フレッティング試験
51204軸受(スラスト玉軸受:軸受寸法:内径 20mm、外径 40mm)の内部に潤滑組成物を塗布し、振動数 30 Hz、揺動角:12度、雰囲気温度:室温、アキシャル荷重 2450Nで 2 時間連続して振動させた。そして、上記試験後、摩耗による軸受の重量減少を測定し、下記のように 3 段階に評価し、その結果を表1中に併記する。重量減少の値が小さいほど耐フレッティング摩耗性に優れた潤滑グリースといえる。
○印:摩耗重量減少が 3mg 未満
×印:摩耗重量減少が 3mg 以上
【0024】
上記試験とともに、以下に示す、酸化防止剤を配合した基油原料の熱劣化耐久試験を行なった。
(5)熱劣化耐久試験
表2に示す基油原料に、表2に示す酸化防止剤を 2 重量%添加し、この酸化防止剤添加油を口径φ37mm のビーカに 10g 入れ、150℃雰囲気 1000 時間放置した。 1000 時間放置後の酸化防止剤添加油の重量減少を測定し、初期重量との比より、重量減少率%を算出した。同様の試験を酸化防止剤未添加油で行ない、酸化防止剤未添加油の重量減少率%を 100 とした揚合の酸化防止剤添加油の重量減少率%値を表2に併記する。表2中の値が小さいほど、重量減少が少なく、熱劣化耐久性に優れた油と添加剤の組み合わせである。
【0025】
【表1】
Figure 0004053823
【0026】
【表2】
Figure 0004053823
【0027】
【発明の効果】
本発明に係る潤滑組成物は、(A)基油が所定の混合油であり、(B)増ちょう剤が、潤滑組成物全体に対して、5〜20 重量%含む所定の脂肪族ジウレア化合物であり、(C)添加剤が、アミン系酸化防止剤およびイオウを含む酸化防止剤を、該酸化防止剤を除いた潤滑組成物全体に対して、それぞれ 0.1〜3 重量%配合された酸化防止剤であるので、軸受に用いたとき、静音性と高温高速耐久性を兼ね備え、かつ回転トルクが小さく、フレッティング性に優れる。
本発明に係る軸受は、上記潤滑組成物を封入してなるので、静音性、高温高速耐久性、回転トルク性、フレッティング性の全てを満足する軸受が得られる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】小径転がり軸受の断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 転がり軸受
2 内輪
3 外輪
4 転動体
5 潤滑組成物[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a lubricating composition and the lubricating composition-enclosed bearing.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Rolling bearings incorporated in various industrial machines and vehicles are encapsulated with a lubricating composition in order to impart lubricity. This lubricating composition is obtained by kneading a base oil, a thickener and an additive. The base oil is a synthetic lubricating oil such as mineral oil, ester oil, silicone oil or ether oil, and the thickener is lithium. Metal soap such as soap and urea compounds are generally used. Moreover, as an additive, various additives, such as antioxidant, a rust inhibitor, a metal deactivator, a viscosity index improver, are mix | blended as needed.
In recent years, bearings used in home appliances and industrial equipment are used at high temperature and high speed rotation. In addition, it is required to be excellent in quietness, high-temperature high-speed durability, small rotational torque, and fretting properties.
Conventionally, as a lubricating composition such as grease excellent in high-temperature durability, a lubricating composition in which a urea-based thickener or the like is blended with a base oil is known (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 9-208982 and 11-270566). JP, 2001-107073, etc.).
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, there is a problem that a lubricating composition excellent in high-temperature and high-speed durability, excellent in fretting properties, reduced in rotational torque, and excellent in quietness is not obtained by enclosing in a bearing. For example, ester oil is preferable as the base oil in order to improve high-temperature and high-speed durability, but synthetic hydrocarbon oil is preferable in order to improve fretting properties. In addition, the rotational torque is reduced when the viscosity of the lubricating composition is low, but the high-temperature and high-speed durability decreases, and it is extremely difficult to obtain a lubricating composition that satisfies all the characteristics.
The present invention has been made to cope with such problems, and has a lubricating composition that has both quietness and durability at high temperature and high speed, has low rotational torque, and has excellent fretting properties, and encloses the lubricating composition. It is an object of the present invention to provide a lubricating composition-enclosed bearing.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The lubricating composition according to the present invention is a lubricating composition containing a base oil, a thickener and an additive, wherein (A) the base oil is a predetermined mixed oil described later, and (B) the thickener is a lubricating composition. A predetermined aliphatic diurea compound, which will be described later, contained in an amount of 5 to 20% by weight based on the whole product, and (C) an additive containing an amine-based antioxidant and a zinc alkyldithiophosphate except for the antioxidant It is characterized by being an antioxidant blended in an amount of 0.1 to 3% by weight with respect to the whole composition.
A lubricating composition-enclosed bearing according to the present invention is characterized by encapsulating the lubricating composition.
[0005]
A lubricating composition that was sealed in a bearing and satisfied all the characteristics of quietness, high temperature and high speed durability, rotational torque, and fretting properties as a bearing was studied.
It has been found that the use of a thickener having excellent dispersibility improves the quietness. Among thickeners having excellent dispersibility, it was found that aliphatic diurea compounds further improve the quietness.
As a result of studying the types and characteristics of the base oils excellent in high-temperature high-speed durability and additives, the high-temperature high-speed durability improved most when the conditions (A) and (C) were satisfied. Further, it has been found that the rotational torque and fretting properties are improved by using this condition.
As a result of the above, by using the lubricating composition that satisfies the above conditions (A), (B) and (C), all the characteristics of quietness, high-temperature high-speed durability, rotational torque, and fretting properties are satisfied. A lubricating composition was obtained. The present invention is based on such knowledge.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The base oil that can be used in the present invention is a base oil that satisfies the following conditions.
(B) A mixed oil of synthetic hydrocarbon oil and ester oil in composition;
(B) The kinematic viscosity of the above mixed oil at 40 ° C is 70 mm 2 / sec or less;
(C) The ratio of the ester oil to the whole mixed oil is 30 to 70% by weight;
(D) The kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of the synthetic hydrocarbon oil and the ester oil is 40 mm 2 / sec or more, respectively.
[0007]
The synthetic hydrocarbon oil that can be used in the present invention is preferably an aliphatic hydrocarbon oil, and among the aliphatic hydrocarbon oils, a poly-α-olefin oil, a copolymer of an α-olefin and an olefin, and the like are more preferable.
These are oligomers which are low polymers of α-olefin, and have a structure in which hydrogen is added to the terminal double bond. In addition, polybutene, which is a kind of poly α-olefin, can be used, which can be produced by polymerization from a starting material mainly composed of isobutylene using a catalyst such as aluminum chloride. Polybutene may be used as it is or after hydrogenation.
Synthetic hydrocarbon oil is liquid at room temperature and has a kinematic viscosity of 40 mm 2 / sec or more at 40 ° C. Preferably it is 40-60 mm < 2 > / sec. When it is less than 40 mm 2 / sec, the base oil deteriorates in a short time, and the generated deteriorated product promotes deterioration of the entire base oil, so that the high temperature and high speed durability is inferior.
[0008]
The ester oil that can be used in the present invention is a compound that has an ester group in the molecule and is liquid at room temperature. Suitable ester oils include aromatic ester oils and polyol ester oils.
The aromatic ester oil is preferably a compound obtained by reacting an aromatic polybasic acid or a derivative thereof with a higher alcohol. Aromatic polybasic acids include aromatic tribasic acids such as trimellitic acid, biphenyltricarboxylic acid and naphthalenetricarboxylic acid, and aromatic tetrabasics such as pyromellitic acid, biphenyltetracarboxylic acid, benzophenonetetracarboxylic acid and naphthalenetetracarboxylic acid. Derivatives such as acids or acid anhydrides thereof may be mentioned. As the higher alcohol, aliphatic monohydric alcohols having 4 or more carbon atoms such as octyl alcohol and decyl alcohol are preferable. Examples of the aromatic ester oil include trioctyl trimellitate, tridecyl trimellitate, tetraoctyl pyromellitate and the like.
[0009]
The polyol ester oil is preferably a compound having a plurality of ester groups in the molecule obtained by a reaction between a polyol and a monobasic acid. The monobasic acid to be reacted with the polyol may be used alone or as a mixture. In the case of an oligoester, a dibasic acid may be used.
Examples of the polyol include trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, neopentyl glycol, 2-methyl-2-propyl-1,3-propanediol and the like.
Examples of monobasic acids include monovalent fatty acids having 4 to 18 carbon atoms. For example, valeric acid, caproic acid, caprylic acid, enanthic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, undecanoic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, tallow acid, stearic acid, caproleic acid, undecylenic acid, lindelic acid, tuzuic acid , Phyzeteric acid, myristoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, petrothelic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, asclepic acid, vaccenic acid, sorbic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, sabinic acid, ricinoleic acid and the like.
[0010]
The kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C of ester oil is 40 mm 2 / sec or more. Preferably it is 40-100 mm < 2 > / sec. When it is less than 40 mm 2 / sec, the base oil deteriorates in a short time, and the generated deteriorated product promotes deterioration of the entire base oil, so that the high temperature and high speed durability is inferior.
[0011]
The base oil that can be used in the present invention is a mixed oil of the above synthetic hydrocarbon oil and ester oil. The blending ratio is such that the ratio of the ester oil to the whole mixed oil is 30 to 70% by weight, and the kinematic viscosity of the mixed oil at 40 ° C. is 70 mm 2 / sec or less. If the ratio of the ester oil is less than 30% by weight, the high-temperature high-speed durability is inferior, and if it exceeds 70% by weight, the fretting property is lowered. Also, when the kinematic viscosity of the mixed oil at 40 ° C exceeds 70 mm 2 / sec, the rotational torque increases.
[0012]
The thickener that can be used in the present invention is an aliphatic diurea compound that becomes fine particles when dispersed, and is represented by the following formula (1).
[Chemical 2]
Figure 0004053823
Here, R 1 and R 3 are aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and R 2 is an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms. R 1 and R 3 may be the same or different.
The aliphatic hydrocarbon group represented by R 1 and R 3 is preferably a linear hydrocarbon, and examples thereof include a residue excluding an amino group such as octylamine.
Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group represented by R 2 include an aromatic monocycle, an aromatic condensed ring, a group in which these are connected by a methylene chain, a cyanuric ring, an isocyanuric ring, and the like. Specific examples include residues other than isocyanate groups such as diphenylmethane diisocyanate, tolylene diisocyanate, and dimers of these diisocyanates. By using an aromatic hydrocarbon group, high-temperature and high-speed durability is improved.
[0013]
The urea-based thickener is obtained by reacting an isocyanate compound with an amino compound. In order not to leave a reactive free radical, the isocyanate group of the isocyanate compound and the amino group of the amino compound are preferably blended so as to be approximately equivalent.
When blending a thickener into the base oil, an isocyanate compound and an amino compound may be reacted in the base oil, or a urea-based thickener synthesized in advance may be mixed with the base oil. A preferred production method is the former method in which the stability of the lubricating composition is easily maintained.
[0014]
The blending ratio of the urea thickener is 5 to 20% by weight with respect to the entire lubricating composition. If it is less than 5% by weight, the lubricating composition becomes a low-viscosity liquid and easily leaks, making it difficult to enclose it in a bearing. On the other hand, if it exceeds 20% by weight, it becomes easy to solidify, and it becomes impractical as a lubricating composition for bearings.
[0015]
Amine-based antioxidants that can be used in the present invention are alkyls such as p, p'-dioctyldiphenylamine, N, N'-diisopropyl-p-phenylenediamine, and N, N'-di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine. Examples include diphenylamine, phenyl-1-naphthylamine, phenyl-2-naphthylamine, diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine, dipyridylamine, and oleylamidoamine.
Sulfur-containing antioxidants that can be used in the present invention include phenothiazine, N-methylphenothiazine, N-ethylphenothiazine, 3,7-dioctylphenothiazine, alkyldithiophosphate metal salt, dilauryl thiodipropionate, distearyl thiodipropio. And sulfur-based antioxidants such as dinate, dimyristylthiodipropionate and ditridecylthiodipropionate.
[0016]
Amine antioxidants particularly improve the high-temperature high-speed durability of ester oils, and sulfur-based antioxidants improve the high-temperature high-speed durability of synthetic hydrocarbon oils. Therefore, in the present invention, an antioxidant containing an amine-based antioxidant and sulfur is blended in an amount of 0.1 to 3% by weight of the entire lubricating composition with respect to the entire lubricating composition excluding the antioxidant. As a result, a lubricating composition excellent in high temperature and high speed durability as a whole can be obtained.
[0017]
The lubricating composition according to the present invention may contain other known additives as necessary in order to enhance its excellent performance. Examples of such additives include extreme pressure agents such as chlorine, sulfur, phosphorus, and organic molybdenum, rust inhibitors such as petroleum sulfonate, dinonylnaphthalene sulfonate, and sorbitan ester, and metal inertness such as benzotriazole and sodium nitrite. Agents, viscosity index improvers such as polymethacrylate, polyisobutylene, and polystyrene.
Can be added in combination of more than one.
[0018]
An example of a bearing according to the present invention is shown in FIG. FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a small diameter rolling bearing. In the rolling bearing 1, an inner ring 2 having an inner ring rolling surface on an outer peripheral surface and an outer ring 3 having an outer ring rolling surface on an inner peripheral surface are disposed concentrically, and are interposed between the inner ring rolling surface and the outer ring rolling surface. It is comprised by the several rolling element 4 and the holder | retainer and seal member which abbreviate | omitted illustration. The lubricating composition 5 described above is enclosed between the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 3.
[0019]
Since the bearing according to the present invention encloses the lubricating composition, a bearing satisfying all the characteristics of quietness, high temperature and high speed durability, rotational torque, and fretting properties can be obtained. As a result, for example, it can be used as a bearing for motors, electrical accessories, general-purpose motors, and servo motors used at a temperature of about 150 ° C.
[0020]
【Example】
Example 1, Example 2, Comparative Examples 1-7
Lubricating compositions were prepared using base oil, thickener raw materials and antioxidants at the blending ratios shown in Table 1. In addition, ester oil 1 shown in Table 1 and Table 2 is Nippon Steel Chemical Co., Ltd. product name Hatkor H2362, ester oil 2 is Asahi Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd. product name LX275, ester oil 3 is Kao Co., Ltd. Nippon Oil Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name Sinfluid 801 was used for oil 1, and synthetic hydrocarbon oil 2 was used by Nippon Steel Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name Sinfluid 601.
Diisocyanate was dissolved in half of the base oil by heating, and the amines listed in Table 1 were dissolved in half of the base oil by heating. The compounding amount of amine is twice that of diisocyanate in molar ratio. An antioxidant was added to the resulting gel-like substance and stirred, and then passed through a roll mill to obtain a semi-solid lubricating grease as a lubricating composition. In Table 1, the blending ratios of the base oil and the thickener are the contents (wt%) when the base oil and the thickener are 100% by weight. The antioxidant is the base oil and the thickener. It is the content (% by weight) based on the entire thickener.
Table 1 shows the results of measuring the penetration of the resulting lubricating composition and the results of measuring the viscosity of the base oil used. In addition, the following acoustic measurement, high-temperature high-speed durability test, rotational torque test, and fretting test were performed, and these results are also shown in Table 1.
[0021]
(1) Rolling ball bearings (bearing dimensions: inner diameter 8 mm, outer diameter 22 mm, width 7 mm) filled with acoustic measurement lubricant composition are prepared, and an axial load of 7.8 N is applied to this bearing and operated at 1800 rpm for 30 seconds. Vibration value G (RMS value) was measured. Two-stage evaluation is performed as follows, and the results are also shown in Table 1.
○: Vibration value is less than 30 mG ×: Vibration value is 30 mG or more [0022]
(2) High-temperature, high-speed durability test Rolling bearing (bearing dimensions: inner diameter 20mm, outer diameter 47mm, width 14mm) is filled with 0.7g of lubricating composition, bearing outer ring outer diameter temperature 150 ° C, radial load 67N, axial load 67N Was rotated at a rotational speed of 10000 rpm, and the time until seizure was measured. The test results are also shown in Table 1.
(3) Rotational torque test 1.8 g of the lubricating composition was sealed in a rolling bearing (bearing dimensions: inner diameter 20 mm, outer diameter 47 mm, width 14 mm), and rotated at a rotational speed of 8000 rpm, room temperature atmosphere, and axial load of 39.2 N. Ten minutes after the start of rotation, the average value of the rotational torque generated in the bearing was calculated. The average value of the calculated rotational torque is evaluated in two stages as follows, and the results are also shown in Table 1.
○: Rotational torque is less than 5 × 10 -2 Nm ×: Rotational torque is 5 × 10 -2 Nm or more [0023]
(4) Fretting test 51204 bearing (thrust ball bearing: bearing size: inner diameter 20 mm, outer diameter 40 mm), the lubricating composition was applied, vibration frequency 30 Hz, swing angle: 12 degrees, ambient temperature: room temperature, Vibrating continuously for 2 hours with an axial load of 2450N. After the above test, the bearing weight loss due to wear is measured and evaluated in three stages as shown below. The results are also shown in Table 1. It can be said that the smaller the value of weight reduction, the better the lubricating grease is.
○: Wear weight decrease is less than 3mg ×: Wear weight decrease is 3mg or more [0024]
Along with the above test, the heat deterioration durability test of the base oil raw material containing the antioxidant shown below was conducted.
(5) Thermal degradation durability test 2% by weight of the antioxidant shown in Table 2 is added to the base oil raw material shown in Table 2, and 10 g of this antioxidant-added oil is placed in a beaker with a dia. I left it alone. The weight reduction of the antioxidant-added oil after being left for 1000 hours was measured, and the weight reduction rate% was calculated from the ratio with the initial weight. The same test is carried out with the non-antioxidant-added oil, and Table 2 also shows the weight-decrease rate% value of the combined antioxidant-added oil, where the weight-decrease rate% of the non-antioxidant-added oil is 100. The smaller the value in Table 2, the smaller the weight loss, and the combination of oil and additive with excellent thermal deterioration durability.
[0025]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004053823
[0026]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004053823
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
The lubricating composition according to the present invention includes (A) a base oil which is a predetermined mixed oil, and (B) a predetermined aliphatic diurea compound containing 5 to 20% by weight of a thickener based on the entire lubricating composition. And (C) an antioxidant containing 0.1 to 3% by weight of an antioxidant containing an amine-based antioxidant and sulfur with respect to the entire lubricating composition excluding the antioxidant, respectively. Because it is an agent, when used in a bearing, it has both quietness and high-temperature and high-speed durability, and has a small rotational torque and excellent fretting properties.
Since the bearing according to the present invention is filled with the above lubricating composition, a bearing satisfying all of silence, high-temperature and high-speed durability, rotational torque and fretting properties can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a small diameter rolling bearing.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rolling bearing 2 Inner ring 3 Outer ring 4 Rolling element 5 Lubricating composition

Claims (4)

基油、増ちょう剤および添加剤を含む潤滑組成物において、
前記基油は、以下の特性を有する混合油であり、
(イ)組成が合成炭化水素油とエステル油の混合油;
(ロ)前記混合油の 40℃における動粘度が 70 mm2/sec 以下;
(ハ)前記混合油全体に対する前記エステル油の割合が 30〜70 重量%;
(ニ)前記合成炭化水素油および前記エステル油の 40℃における動粘度がそれぞれ 40 mm2/sec 以上;
前記増ちょう剤は、潤滑組成物全体に対して、5〜20 重量%含む下記式(1)で示される脂肪族ジウレア化合物であり、
Figure 0004053823
(ここで、R1およびR3は炭素数 6〜20 の脂肪族炭化水素基単独であり、R2は炭素数 6〜15 の芳香族炭化水素基である)
前記添加剤は、アミン系酸化防止剤およびアルキルジチオリン酸亜鉛を、該酸化防止剤を除いた潤滑組成物全体に対して、それぞれ 0.1〜3 重量%配合された酸化防止剤であることを特徴とする潤滑組成物。
In a lubricating composition comprising a base oil, a thickener and additives,
The base oil is a mixed oil having the following characteristics:
(B) A mixed oil of synthetic hydrocarbon oil and ester oil in composition;
(B) The kinematic viscosity of the mixed oil at 40 ° C is 70 mm 2 / sec or less;
(C) The ratio of the ester oil to the whole mixed oil is 30 to 70% by weight;
(D) each of the synthetic hydrocarbon oil and the ester oil has a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 40 mm 2 / sec or more;
The thickener is an aliphatic diurea compound represented by the following formula (1) containing 5 to 20% by weight based on the whole lubricating composition,
Figure 0004053823
(Wherein, R 1 and R 3 are independently aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, R 2 is an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms)
The additive is an antioxidant in which an amine antioxidant and zinc alkyldithiophosphate are blended in an amount of 0.1 to 3% by weight based on the entire lubricating composition excluding the antioxidant, respectively. Lubricating composition.
前記脂肪族炭化水素基がオクチルアミン残基であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の潤滑組成物。  The lubricating composition according to claim 1, wherein the aliphatic hydrocarbon group is an octylamine residue. 前記(イ)〜(ニ)の条件を全て満さない潤滑組成物に比較して、前記潤滑組成物を軸受に封入したとき、該潤滑組成物封入軸受は音響特性、高温高速耐久性および耐フレッチング性に優れ、前記潤滑組成物自身は耐熱劣化耐久性に優れることを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2記載の潤滑組成物。  Compared with a lubricating composition that does not satisfy all of the conditions (a) to (d), when the lubricating composition is enclosed in a bearing, the lubricating composition-enclosed bearing has acoustic characteristics, high-temperature high-speed durability, and resistance to resistance. The lubricating composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lubricating composition is excellent in fretting properties, and the lubricating composition itself is excellent in heat-resistant deterioration durability. 潤滑組成物を封入してなる潤滑組成物封入軸受であって、前記潤滑組成物が請求項1、請求項2または請求項3記載の潤滑組成物であることを特徴とする潤滑組成物封入軸受。A lubricating composition-enclosed bearing comprising a lubricating composition encapsulated, wherein the lubricating composition is the lubricating composition according to claim 1 , 2 or 3. .
JP2002172958A 2002-06-13 2002-06-13 Lubricating composition and lubricating composition-enclosed bearing Expired - Lifetime JP4053823B2 (en)

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