JP4053176B2 - Emergency stop brake device and forklift equipped with it - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an emergency stop braking device, in particular, when a failure in the electrical system has occurred, it relates to emergency stop braking device for stopping the motor for driving automatically activates the disc brakes. The present invention also relates to a forklift equipped with such an emergency stop brake device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the reach type forklift. In the figure, 1 is a fork for holding a load, 2 is a mast for raising and lowering the fork 1, 3 is a handle for operating the traveling direction of the vehicle body 100, and 4 is for raising and lowering the fork 1 and tilting it forward and backward. 5 is a body frame of the vehicle body 100 on which a traveling motor 15 and a brake device 16 for braking the motor 15 are mounted, 6 is a front wheel of the vehicle body 100, 7 is a rear wheel of the vehicle body 100, and 8 is A driver's seat, 9 is a head guard for protecting the driver from falling objects, 10 is a seat provided in the driver's seat 8, and 11 is an operating lever for a parking brake.
[0003]
In the forklift described above, the brake device 16 is operated by an operator (driver) operation. For example, when the operator manually operates the operation lever 11 for parking brake, the operating force is transmitted to the brake device 16 via a wire, the brake device 16 is activated and the motor 15 is braked. When a foot brake pedal (not shown) is operated with a foot, the operating force is transmitted to the brake device 16 via the hydraulic system, the brake device 16 is activated, the motor 15 is braked, and the vehicle body 100 is stopped. It has become.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, when the forklift is a forklift having an all-electric power steering system, when an abnormality occurs in the electric system of the vehicle body 100, the power supply from the battery is cut off for safety, and the vehicle body 100 is also automatically It needs to be stopped. However, since the brake device 16 is actuated only by an operator's operation, the brake device 16 cannot be actuated unless the operator operates a lever, pedal, or the like. For this reason, the forklift cannot be automatically stopped by operating the brake device 16 in an emergency.
[0005]
The present invention solves the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide an emergency stop brake device that can automatically operate the brake device when an abnormality occurs in the electrical system. . Another object of the present invention is to provide a forklift that can automatically stop when an abnormality occurs in the electric system.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problems, an emergency stop brake device according to the present invention includes a disc brake that applies braking to a traveling motor, and a first attachment that provides an urging force for opening the disc brake. A brake device having an urging means is an emergency stop brake device that activates a disc brake when an abnormality occurs in the electric system, and is a second one such as a spring that applies an urging force for activating the disc brake. And a driving means such as a rotary solenoid for providing a driving force for opening the disc brake.
[0007]
Here, the disc brake is composed of a disc attached to the rotating shaft of the traveling motor and a caliper that clamps the disc and applies the brake, and the caliper opening / closing mechanism portion is composed of a transmission mechanism portion and a link mechanism. In addition, a configuration is employed in which the second urging unit is coupled to the transmission mechanism while being coupled to the driving unit . In addition, the disc brake has a function of both foot brake and parking brake, and the operation force from the parking brake operation lever is transmitted through the wire, and the operation from the foot brake pedal When the force is transmitted through the hydraulic system, the caliper is closed against the urging force of the first urging means and the disc brake is activated. Further, the caliper is closed by moving the shaft provided in the opening / closing mechanism portion downward, and the shaft is inserted into the long hole formed in the joint provided in the transmission mechanism portion and the drive means is driven in the long hole. When the operating force from the parking brake operating lever or the operating force from the foot brake pedal is transmitted to the opening and closing mechanism, the joint moves downward along the slot. When the driving means is driven, the driving force moves upward against the urging force of the second urging means, and when the driving means is stopped, the driving means is moved downward by the urging force of the second urging means. . In the normal state, the drive means is driven to move the joint upward, and the disc brake is applied according to the urging force of the first urging means so that the urging force by the second urging means does not act on the shaft. When it is opened and an abnormality occurs in the electrical system, the driving means is stopped, the joint is moved downward according to the urging force of the second urging means, and the shaft is pushed down to the urging force by the first urging means. Therefore, the disc brake is operated.
[0008]
In the present invention, when the abnormality occurs in the electric system, the driving means stops and there is no driving force to release the disc brake. Therefore, the disc brake is automatically applied by the urging force of the second urging means . Activated. Further, by using a disc brake having both functions of a foot brake and a parking brake, an existing disc brake can be used as it is for an emergency brake device.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of an emergency stop brake device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view taken along line AA in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are side views taken along line BB in FIG. The overall configuration of the reach-type forklift using this emergency stop brake device is the same as that of FIG. 7, so that the description thereof will be omitted and will be described below with reference to the reference numerals of FIG.
[0010]
In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 15 denotes a traveling motor shown in FIG. 7, and reference numeral 20 denotes a disc brake that applies braking to the motor 15. The disc brake 20 includes a disc 21 and a caliper 22, and the disc 21 is attached to a rotating shaft 24 of a motor 15 that is a rotating body, and rotates together with the rotating shaft 24 by the rotation of the motor 15. The caliper 22 includes an upper caliper 22a and a lower caliper 22b, and sandwiching members 27 and 28 for sandwiching the disk 21 from above and below are provided at the respective leading end portions. The members 27 and 28 sandwich the disk 21, brake the rotation of the disk 21 by the frictional force, and stop the motor 15.
[0011]
An intermediate portion of the caliper 22 is supported by a shaft 26, and the upper caliper 22 a and the lower caliper 22 b rotate about the shaft 26, so that the sandwiching members 27 and 28 come in contact with or separate from the disk 21. (See FIGS. 5 and 6 described later). A shaft 33 is provided at the rear end of the upper caliper 22a, and a shaft 34 is provided at the rear end of the lower caliper 22b. A spring 35, which is an elastic member, is provided between the shaft 33 and the shaft 34. Is suspended.
[0012]
One end of the lever 31 is supported on the shaft 33, and the other end of the lever 31 is engaged with the shaft 30. An intermediate portion of an L-shaped lever 32 is supported by the shaft 34, one end of the lever 32 is engaged with the shaft 30, and a shaft 36 is provided at the other end. The lever 31, lever 32, shaft 30, shaft 33, shaft 34, and shaft 36 constitute an opening / closing mechanism 29 that is a toggle mechanism.
[0013]
Reference numeral 38 denotes a joint formed in a square shape. A long hole 37 is formed in the joint 38 as shown in FIG. 2, and the above-described shaft 36 is inserted into the long hole 37. Further, the tip of the parking brake wire 42 is engaged with the shaft 36 (not shown in FIG. 2), and the shaft 36 moves in the elongated hole 37 in conjunction with the operation of the parking brake. . In FIG. 2, 39 is a bolt for fixing the caliper 22 to the motor 15, 40 is a spacer, and 41 is a hydraulic cylinder for foot brake described later. Moreover, in FIG. 1, 43 is a hydraulic tube for foot brakes.
[0014]
Next, in FIGS. 1 and 3, reference numerals 51 and 52 denote rotary solenoids attached to the plate 75, which constitute one embodiment of the driving means in the present invention. FIG. 3 shows a state where the rotary solenoids 51 and 52 are not operating. The rotary solenoid 51 has an arm 54 attached to its rotating shaft 53 by a pin 76, and the rotary solenoid 52 has an arm 56 attached to its rotating shaft 55 by a pin 77. The two arms 54 and 56 are connected by a link mechanism 57, and the arm 56 is further connected to the transmission mechanism 63 by a link mechanism 58.
[0015]
As shown in FIG. 3, the link mechanism 57 includes a link bar 66 attached to the arm 54 by a rod end 65 and a link bar 68 attached to the arm 56 by a rod end 69 by a turnbuckle 67. Has been. The link mechanism 58 includes a link bar 71 attached to the arm 56 by a rod end 70 and a link bar 73 attached to the lever 60 of the transmission mechanism 63 by a rod end 74 by a turnbuckle 72. ing.
[0016]
The transmission mechanism 63 includes the lever 60 described above, a lever 62 connected to the lever 60 and a shaft 59, a shaft 61 connecting the lever 62 to the joint 38, and the joint 38, and a rotary solenoid. The movement of the link mechanisms 57 and 58 by the drive of 51 and 52 is transmitted to the caliper 22.
[0017]
Reference numeral 64 denotes a spring which is an elastic member and constitutes an embodiment of the second urging means in the present invention. The upper end portion of the spring 64 is locked to the shaft 61 of the transmission mechanism portion 63, and the lower end portion is locked to a hook 80 fixed to the mounting piece 79 of the mounting bracket 78. Thus, the downward biasing force of FIG. 3 is applied.
[0018]
Next, the operation of the emergency stop brake device configured as above will be described. The emergency stop brake device described above is mounted on the forklift shown in FIG. 7, and is used as the brake device 16 shown in FIG. During normal operation of the forklift, the rotary solenoids 51 and 52 are energized from the battery, and these solenoids 51 and 52 are in an operating state. FIG. 4 shows this state. In FIG. 4, the rotary shaft 53 rotates counterclockwise by the operation of the solenoid 51, and the arm 54 is displaced to the left according to this. Further, due to the operation of the solenoid 52, the rotating shaft 55 is also rotated counterclockwise, and the arm 56 is displaced leftward.
[0019]
Since the arm 54 and the arm 56 are connected by the link mechanism 57, the link mechanism 58 is pulled to the left in FIG. 4 by the displacement of the arms 54 and 56. Therefore, the lever 60 connected to the link mechanism 58 receives a turning force in the counterclockwise direction around the shaft 59, and the lever 62 connected to the lever 60 together with the lever 60 also rotates counterclockwise around the shaft 59. Receives turning force in the direction. As a result, the shaft 61 connecting the lever 62 and the joint 38 moves upward against the downward biasing force of the spring 64, and the joint 38 also moves upward together with the shaft 61. .
[0020]
In this state, in FIG. 2, the shaft 36 is positioned at the upper end of the long hole 37 of the joint 38, and the force of the joint 38 is not acting on the shaft 36. On the other hand, the urging force of the spring 35 acts on the shaft 33 and the shaft 34, and the downward urging force received by the shaft 33 causes a clockwise rotational force about the shaft 26 to act on the upper caliper 22a. Due to the upward biasing force received by 34, the lower caliper 22b is actuated by a counterclockwise turning force about the shaft 26. As a result, the caliper 22 has its tip portion opened as shown in FIG. 5, and the clamping members 27 and 28 are separated from the disk 21 (note that FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram and exaggerated). Accordingly, the disc brake 20 does not operate in a normal state and the motor 15 is not braked, so that the forklift travel is not hindered.
[0021]
On the other hand, in an emergency, that is, when an abnormality occurs in the electric system of the vehicle body, the power supply from the battery is cut off as described above, so that the solenoids 51 and 52 are turned off. FIG. 3 shows this state. When the solenoids 51 and 52 are turned off, the force against the downward biasing force of the spring 64 is lost, so that the shaft 61 is pulled by the spring 64 and moves downward from the position of FIG. 4 to the position of FIG. Therefore, the lever 60 and the lever 62 connected to the shaft 61 rotate clockwise about the shaft 59, and move the link mechanism 58 to the right from the position of FIG. 4 to the position of FIG. As the link mechanism 58 moves in the right direction, the arms 54 and 56 are also displaced from the position shown in FIG. 4 to the position shown in FIG.
[0022]
In this state, the joint 38 connected to the shaft 61 also moves downward together with the shaft 61, so that the shaft 36 is pushed down by the upper end of the long hole 37 of the joint 38 in FIG. When the shaft 36 is lowered, the lever 32 rotates clockwise about the shaft 34, so that the shafts 33 and 34 resist the tensile force of the spring 35 due to the force that the shaft 30 tends to displace to the right. Then, it is displaced in the vertical direction. That is, the shaft 33 is displaced upward via the lever 31, and the shaft 34 is displaced downward via the lever 32. Therefore, the upper caliper 22a receives a counterclockwise turning force about the shaft 26, and the lower caliper 22b receives a turning force clockwise about the shaft 26. As a result, the caliper 22 has its tip closed as shown in FIG. 6, and the clamping members 27 and 28 clamp the disk 21 to brake the rotation of the motor 15 (note that FIG. 6 is also a schematic diagram). Exaggerated)
[0023]
In this way, in the event of an emergency in the electrical system of the forklift, the disc brake 20 is activated by turning off the rotary solenoids 51 and 52, and the motor 15 is braked. Thus, the all-electric power steering system is provided. The forklift can be automatically stopped.
[0024]
When the operator operates the operation lever 11, the parking brake wire 42 pulls the shaft 36 downward in FIG. 2, and the shaft 36 moves downward along the long hole 37 of the joint 38. In this case, the joint 38 does not move. When the shaft 36 is lowered, the lever 32 rotates clockwise about the shaft 34 as in the case of the emergency, and the shafts 33 and 34 are moved up and down against the tensile force of the spring 35. Since it is displaced, the tip of the caliper 22 is closed as shown in FIG.
[0025]
When the operator operates a foot pedal (not shown) with his / her foot, the hydraulic cylinder 41 (FIG. 2) is actuated via the foot brake hydraulic tube 43 (FIG. 1), and the shaft 30 is moved to the right by the hydraulic cylinder 41. Pushed in the direction. Therefore, according to the same principle as described above, the shafts 33 and 34 are displaced in the vertical direction against the tensile force of the spring 35, and the tip of the caliper 22 is closed as shown in FIG.
[0026]
As described above, in the present embodiment, the disc brake 20 is a disc brake for a foot brake and a parking brake that is originally installed in a forklift, and this is also used as an emergency stop brake. The transmission mechanism 63 is connected to the existing brake opening / closing mechanism 29, and the rotary solenoids 51 and 52 and the link mechanisms 57 and 58 are added, so that the structure of the disc brake itself can be easily changed. It can be realized. Further, by not modifying the existing brake, the performance and operational feeling of the foot brake and parking brake are not impaired.
[0027]
In the present embodiment, since two rotary solenoids 51 and 52 and two link mechanisms 57 and 58 arranged side by side are used, the driving force can be secured and the structure is simplified. The entire structure can be made compact, and attachment to an existing brake becomes easy. Furthermore, by adjusting the spring force of the spring 64, the clamping force of the caliper 22 can be varied, and an appropriate braking force can be obtained.
[0028]
In addition, this invention is not limited only to embodiment mentioned above, A various form can be employ | adopted for others. For example, in the above embodiment, two rotary solenoids are provided as drive means, but one rotary solenoid may be provided. In addition, a linear solenoid can be used instead of the rotary solenoid. Furthermore, the emergency stop brake device according to the present invention can be applied to vehicles other than forklifts.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
According to emergency stop the brake device of the present invention, by stopping the operation of the driving means when an abnormality in the electrical system has occurred, since the actuate the disc brake by the biasing force of the second biasing means, very Sometimes, the brake can be automatically actuated to brake the running motor . Further, by using a disc brake having both functions of a foot brake and a parking brake, an emergency stop can be achieved simply by adding a drive means, a second urging means, a transmission mechanism section and a link mechanism to an existing disk brake. A brake can be constructed.
[0030]
Moreover, according to the forklift of the present invention, the above-described emergency stop brake device and the traveling motor braked by the emergency stop brake device are mounted, so that when an abnormality occurs in the electric system, it is automatically performed. Since the motor is braked, a forklift with an all-electric power steering system can be automatically stopped.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of an emergency stop brake device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view taken along the line AA in FIG.
3 is a BB plan view of FIG. 1 in a brake operating state. FIG.
4 is a BB plan view of FIG. 1 in a brake released state. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram (brake release state) for explaining the operation of the brake.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram (brake operating state) for explaining the operation of the brake.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a reach-type forklift.
[Explanation of symbols]
15 Motor 20 Disc brake 21 Disc 22 Caliper 24 Rotating shaft 29 Opening / closing mechanism 51 Rotary solenoid (drive means)
52 Rotary solenoid (drive means)
57 Link mechanism 58 Link mechanism 63 Transmission mechanism 64 Spring ( second urging means )

Claims (2)

A disc brake (20) comprising a disc (21) attached to a rotating shaft of a traveling motor (15 ) and a caliper (22) for clamping the disc (21) and applying a brake, and the caliper (22) And a first urging means (35) for applying an urging force for opening the disc brake (20) so that the operating force from the parking brake operating lever (11) is a wire (42). ) And the operation force from the foot brake pedal is transmitted via the hydraulic system, so that the first urging means (35) resists the urging force. in caliper (22) is closed the braking system disc brake (20) is an operating state (16), the disc brake when the abnormality in the electrical system has occurred (20 A emergency stop braking device for actuating the,
Second urging means (64) for applying an urging force for bringing the disc brake (20) into an operating state, and driving means (51, 51) for providing a driving force for bringing the disc brake (20) into an open state 52), and the open / close mechanism (29) of the caliper (22) is coupled to the drive means (51, 52) via the transmission mechanism (63) and the link mechanism (57, 58). The second urging means (64) is connected to the transmission mechanism (63), and the shaft (36) provided in the opening / closing mechanism (29) is moved downward to close the caliper (22). Is supposed to be
The shaft (36) is inserted into a long hole (37) formed in a joint (38) included in the transmission mechanism (63), and the long hole (37) is driven in a state where the driving means (51, 52) is driven. 37), when the operating force from the parking brake operating lever (11) or the operating force from the foot brake pedal is transmitted to the open / close mechanism (29), the slot (37) ) To move downward along
When the driving means (51, 52) is driven, the joint (38) moves upward against the urging force of the second urging means (64) by the driving force, and the driving means (51, 52). 52) is provided to move downward by the urging force of the second urging means (64) when stopped.
In a normal state, the driving means (51, 52) is driven to move the joint (38) upward so that the urging force by the second urging means (64) does not act on the shaft (36). When the disc brake (20) is released according to the urging force of the first urging means (35) and an abnormality occurs in the electric system, the driving means (51, 52) is stopped and the first urging means (35 ) is stopped . The joint (38) is moved downward in accordance with the urging force of the second urging means (64), and the shaft (36) is pushed down to resist the urging force of the first urging means (35), and the disc brake ( 20) An emergency stop brake device characterized by being operated. A forklift equipped with the emergency stop brake device according to claim 1.

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