JP4052906B2 - Non-woven - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP4052906B2
JP4052906B2 JP2002263347A JP2002263347A JP4052906B2 JP 4052906 B2 JP4052906 B2 JP 4052906B2 JP 2002263347 A JP2002263347 A JP 2002263347A JP 2002263347 A JP2002263347 A JP 2002263347A JP 4052906 B2 JP4052906 B2 JP 4052906B2
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Prior art keywords
nonwoven fabric
split
layer
fiber
fibers
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JP2004100085A5 (en
JP2004100085A (en
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学 金田
孝信 宮本
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Kao Corp
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Kao Corp
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Priority to JP2002263347A priority Critical patent/JP4052906B2/en
Priority to AU2003252662A priority patent/AU2003252662A1/en
Priority to CNB038214016A priority patent/CN100392165C/en
Priority to PCT/JP2003/009178 priority patent/WO2004022831A1/en
Publication of JP2004100085A publication Critical patent/JP2004100085A/en
Publication of JP2004100085A5 publication Critical patent/JP2004100085A5/ja
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H13/00Other non-woven fabrics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/51Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
    • A61F13/511Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin
    • A61F13/51121Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin characterised by the material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/51Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
    • A61F13/511Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin
    • A61F13/5116Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin being formed of multiple layers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/51Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
    • A61F13/511Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin
    • A61F13/512Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin characterised by its apertures, e.g. perforations
    • A61F13/5123Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin characterised by its apertures, e.g. perforations the apertures being formed on a multilayer top sheet
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、液の透過性に優れると共に嵩高で柔軟な不織布及びその製造方法に関する。また本発明は、該不織布を用いた吸収性物品に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】
全部又は一部が分割可能な複合繊維から形成され、微細な繊維を有してなる不織布が知られている。この不織布は触感に優れており更に集塵力に優れるので、眼鏡拭きや各種清掃用のワイパーとして用いられている。前記不織布は、前記複合繊維の構造上、スパンレース法によって前記複合繊維を分割離間させる必要がある。しかし、スパンレース法により製造される前記不織布は、製造工程が煩雑であり、生産性が悪いという問題がある。更にコストも高いという問題もある。
【0003】
本出願人は先に、柔軟で感触に優れた不織布を提供することを目的として、熱処理やロールによる加圧によって分割繊維の一部を分割離間させた不織布を提案した(特許文献1参照)。しかし、この不織布は、分割繊維の分割離間が不織布全体に生ずるので、繰り返しの摩耗が起こると毛羽立ちが起こり易くなる場合がある。また、分割繊維の量が増えると強度低下を起こすことがあるので、熱エンボス等の結合を強化する必要がある。更に、エンボスロールやカレンダーロールを用いて分割離間を生じさせると、不織布を加圧してしまうため、不織布が薄くなってしまうという不都合がある。ロールによる加圧に代えてエアースルーなどの熱処理法を用いた場合には、厚みは維持できるものの、熱を過大に加えると不織布の全体に亘り繊維が分割離間してしまい、毛羽立ちや毛羽抜けが起こりやすくなる。また不織布全体に分割した繊維の数が増え、その結果繊維の表面積が増えるので、これに起因して疎水面が多くなってしまう。疎水面が多くなることは、前記不織布を吸収性物品の表面シートとして用いる場合に、通液性が安定して発現することの阻害要因となってしまう。このように、分割繊維を離間させつつ毛羽立ちや毛羽抜け防止して、液の通液性を高めることは難しかった。
【0004】
【特許文献1】
特開平9−273061号公報
【0005】
従って、本発明は、通液性に優れ、また摩擦に起因する毛羽立ちが防止された強度の強い不織布を提供することを目的とする。
また本発明は、嵩高く柔軟で風合いが良好な不織布を提供することを目的とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、少なくとも、一方の外層を構成する第1層と他方の外層を構成する第2層とを有する多層構造からなり、分割型複合繊維を5〜40重量%及び熱融着性繊維を60〜95重量%含有する不織布であって、
前記第1層には前記分割型複合繊維が20重量%以下含まれていると共に前記第2層には20重量%よりも多量の前記分割型複合繊維が含まれており、
前記不織布には多数の開孔が形成されており、該開孔の周縁部に存する前記分割型複合繊維が構成樹脂間で分割離間しており、且つその分割離間の程度が、該不織布における他の部分に存する該分割型複合繊維のそれよりも大きい不織布を提供することにより前記目的を達成したものである。
【0007】
また本発明は、前記不織布の好ましい製造方法として、少なくとも前記第1層及び前記第2層を有する多層構造の不織布原反に、穿孔ピンを用いて多数の前記開孔を形成すると共に、該開孔の周縁部に存する前記分割型複合繊維に剪断力を加えて選択的に該分割型複合繊維をその構成樹脂間で分割離間させる不織布の製造方法を提供するものである。
【0008】
更に本発明は、液透過性の表面シート、液不透過性の裏面シート及び両シート間に介在された液保持性の吸収体を有する吸収性物品において、前記表面シートとして請求項1記載の不織布を用い且つ該不織布における前記第1層の側を肌対向側として配した吸収性物品を提供するものである。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下本発明を、その好ましい実施形態に基づき図面を参照しながら説明する。図1には、本発明の不織布の一実施形態における縦断面の要部を拡大して示す斜視図が示されている。
【0010】
図1に示すように、本実施形態の不織布10は、一方の外層を構成する第1層1と他方の外層を構成する第2層2とを有する二層構造となっている。不織布10には、その全面に多数の開孔3が規則的に形成されている。不織布10は、分割型複合繊維及び熱融着性繊維を含有している。本実施形態で用いられる分割型複合繊維は、互いに異なる2種類以上の樹脂から構成されており、各樹脂が繊維の長手方向に連続的に配されており且つ繊維の周方向に交互に配されている繊維であって、熱的作用又は機械的作用によって各樹脂間が分割離間可能になっている。
【0011】
図1に示すように、開孔3は、第1層1から第2層2に向かって延出する不織布によって取り囲まれて形成されている。そして、開孔3の内壁4は、第1層1からの連続面で形成されている。即ち開孔3は立体的な開孔である。開孔3は、平面視して円形をしており、その径が第1層1から第2層に向かって漸次減少しており漏斗状の形状となっている。隣り合う開孔間3は、頂部5を有するように凸状に湾曲している。複数の頂部5は略連続的に連なっており畝部を形成している。畝部6は多列に形成されており、隣り合う畝部6,6の間は溝部7となっている。畝部6と溝部7とは平面部を有しないように交互に配列されている。畝部6は凸状に湾曲し且つ溝部7は凹状に湾曲している。開孔3は溝部7に形成されている。
【0012】
本実施形態の不織布10においては、開孔3の周縁部に存する分割型複合繊維が構成樹脂間で分割離間しており、且つその分割離間の程度が、該不織布10における他の部分に存する該分割型複合繊維のそれよりも大きくなっている。これによって、開孔3の周縁部における繊維の見掛け本数が、その外側の領域におけるそれよりも多くなる。その結果、開孔3の周縁部における繊維間距離が、その外側の領域におけるそれよりも小さくなり、毛管力に勾配が生じる。これによって、開孔3の周縁部の外側の領域から該周縁部に向けて毛管力が大きくなり、開孔3の開孔端に向けて液の引き込み力が生じる。従って、本実施形態の不織布10を、例えば後述するように吸収性物品の表面シートとして用いると、該表面シートに液残りが生じにくくなる。更に、分割型複合繊維が分割離間していることで、不織布10に嵩高さと柔軟性が付与され、不織布10の風合いが良好になる。この点からも、本実施形態の不織布10は、肌に直接接触する部材である、吸収性物品の表面シートとして好適なものとなる。尚、「分割型複合繊維における構成樹脂間での分割離間の程度」が大きいとは、繊維の見掛け本数が多いこと及び/又は繊維間距離が小さいことを意味する。「分割型複合繊維における構成樹脂間での分割離間の程度」は、例えば分割離間している分割型複合繊維の本数、分割型複合繊維において構成樹脂が分割離間している部分の長さ、及び分割型複合繊維において分割離間している構成樹脂間の距離などによって変化する。
【0013】
開孔3の周縁部に存する分割型複合繊維が構成樹脂間で分割離間しており、且つその分割離間の程度が、不織布10における他の部分に存する該分割型複合繊維のそれよりも大きくなっているか否かは、不織布10の電子顕微鏡観察から確認できる。
【0014】
開孔3の周縁部に存する分割型複合繊維における構成樹脂間での分割離間の程度を、該不織布10における他の部分に存する該分割型複合繊維のそれよりも大きくするには、例えば後述するように、穿孔ピンを用いて多数の開孔3を形成すると共に、開孔3の周縁部に存する該分割型複合繊維に剪断力を加えて選択的に該分割型複合繊維をその構成樹脂間で分割離間させれば良い。
【0015】
不織布10における第1層1には、分割型複合繊維が20重量%以下、好ましくは10重量%以下含まれている。これと共に第2層には20重量%よりも多量の分割型複合繊維が含まれている。第1層1における分割型複合繊維の量は0でも良い。つまり、第1層1には分割型複合繊維が含まれていなくてもよい。第1層1に分割型複合繊維が20重量%超含まれていると、不織布10を例えば吸収性物品の表面シートとして用い、且つ第1層1の側を肌当接側にして配した場合に、着用者の肌との摩擦に起因する毛羽立ちが起こり易くなってしまう。また分割型複合繊維の分割離間によって疎水表面の面積が増大して、液の引き込み力が低下してしまう。第2層2における分割型複合繊維の量は20重量%超60重量%以下であることが、前述した毛管力勾配の効果的な発現及び不織布10に十分な嵩高性及び柔軟性を付与する点から好ましい。
【0016】
不織布10全体としてみた場合、分割型複合繊維は5〜40重量%、好ましくは10〜30重量%含有されている。分割型複合繊維の量が5重量%未満では開孔3において分割離間している繊維の量が少なく、液の引き込みが不十分であり、柔軟性も不十分となってしまう。40重量%超では分割繊維の量が多くなり、摩擦に対する毛羽立ちや毛羽抜けが起こりやすくなると共に、開孔後の強度も低く、破れやすい不織布となってしまう。
【0017】
一方、不織布10全体としてみた場合、熱融着性繊維は60〜95重量%、好ましくは70〜90重量%含有されている。熱融着性繊維の量が60重量%未満では不織布の強度が不十分で破れやすく、また毛羽立ちの抑制も不十分となってしまう。95重量%超の場合には毛羽立ちが抑制され強度も高いが、開孔3における液の引き込み性や、柔軟性が不十分となってしまう。第1層1及び第2層2における熱融着性繊維の含有量に関しては、第1層1における熱融着性繊維の量は80〜100重量%、特に90〜100重量%であることが、毛羽立ちや毛羽抜けの抑制および十分な強度発現の点から好ましい。第2層2における熱融着性繊維の量は20〜90重量%、特に40〜80重量%であることが、毛羽立ちや毛羽抜けの抑制、不織布の柔軟性発現の点から好ましい。
【0018】
分割型複合繊維としては、低融点樹脂と、該低融点樹脂よりも融点の高い高融点樹脂とを構成樹脂とし、4分割〜32分割可能な繊維が用いられる。特に、コスト、生産性、分割性の点で6分割〜16分割可能な繊維が好ましい。低融点樹脂としては、その融点が100〜150℃程度のものが好ましく用いられる。その例としては、特開平9−273061号公報の段落〔0013〕に記載のものが挙げられる。高融点樹脂としては、その融点が160〜260℃程度のものが好ましく用いられる。その例としては、特開平9−273061号公報の段落〔0014〕に記載のものが挙げられる。高融点樹脂の融点は、低融点樹脂の融点よりも100〜150℃程度高いことが好ましい。低融点樹脂と高融点樹脂との好ましい組み合わせとしては、低融点樹脂/高融点樹脂が、低融点ポリプロピレン(PP)/ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)、ポリエチレン(PE)/ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)、ポリエチレン(PE)/ポリプロピレン(PP)等が挙げられる。分割型複合繊維は、その繊度が1〜15dtex、特に3〜8dtexであることが、毛管力が過度に大きくなることを防止し十分な液透過性を得る点及び製造コストの点から好ましい。
【0019】
分割型複合繊維における低融点樹脂が熱収縮性を有していると、熱的作用のみでも繊維を分割離間させることができる。また分割型複合繊維は、その構成樹脂の少なくとも一つに親水化剤が練り込まれて親水性を有していることが好ましい。親水化剤を練り込むことで親水性に耐久性が付与され、不織布10を、吸収性物品の表面シートとして用いる場合に、液が繰り返し透過しても親水性が低下しにくくなる。特に、分割型複合繊維の構成樹脂の少なくとも一つに親水化剤を練り込むと共に分割型複合繊維の表面に該親水化剤と同一又は異なる親水化剤を施すことで、親水性に一層の耐久性が付与される。分割型複合繊維の構成樹脂に練り込む親水化剤は、水酸基、カルボニル基、カルボキシル基、スルホン基などの親水基を有する化合物であればよい。例えば脂肪酸グリセリド、アルキコキシ化アルキルフェノール、ポリオキシアルキレン脂肪酸エステル、脂肪酸ジエタノールアミド等の非イオン界面活性剤が挙げられる。一方、分割型複合繊維の表面に施す親水化剤としては、例えば硫酸エステル塩基、C8〜C30のアルキルリン酸エステル塩基、スルホン酸塩基等を含むアニオン系活性剤、ベタイン活性剤、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタンモノオレート、ソルビタンモノオレートやポリオキシアルキレン変性オルガノシロキサン、アルキロールアミド型化合物とポリオキシアルキレン変性オルガノシロキサンとの配合物、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル或いはこれとポリオキシアルキレン変性オルガノシロキサンとの配合物、ポリエーテルポリエステルブロック共重合体或いはこれとポリオキシアルキレン変性オルガノシロキサンとの配合物、炭素数28以上の炭化水素基を疎水基とする界面活性剤とポリオキシアルキレン変性オルガノシロキサンとの配合物が挙げられる。
【0020】
熱融着繊維としては、分割型複合繊維の低融点樹脂の融点と同程度又はそれよりも低い融点を有する樹脂から構成されるものを用いることが、分割型複合繊維との融着の点から好ましい。そのような繊維としては、例えばポリエチレン系繊維やポリプロピレン系繊維、ポリエチレンテレフタレート系繊維、ポリアミド系繊維が挙げられる。また、芯鞘型複合繊維やサイドバイサイド型複合繊維を用いることもできる。これらの複合繊維を用いる場合には、その低融点樹脂として、分割型複合繊維の低融点樹脂の融点と同程度又はそれよりも低い融点を有する樹脂が用いられることが前述した理由と同様の理由から好ましい。熱融着繊維にも、分割型複合繊維と同様に、その表面に親水化剤が施されていることが、不織布10に十分な通液性を付与する点から好ましい。熱融着繊維はその繊度が、1.5dtex〜5dtex、特に2.2dtex〜4.4dtexであることが、不織布に通液性を付与し、また液残りを抑制する点、不織布の風合いを維持する点、及び分割型複合繊維の繊度とのバランスの点から好ましい。
【0021】
本実施形態の不織布10には、第1層1及び/又は第2層2に、前述した分割型複合繊維及び熱融着繊維に加えて、コットン、羊毛などの天然繊維、アクリル系繊維、ポリオレフィン系繊維、ポリ塩化ビニル系繊維、ポリビニルアルコール繊維、レーヨン、キュプラ、アセテート等の再生繊維、ナイロン6、ナイロン66等のポリアミド系繊維などの他の種の繊維を含有させてもよい。これらの繊維は、不織布10の重量に対して40重量%程度以下の量で含有させることができる。
【0022】
本実施形態の不織布10は、これに含まれる熱融着性繊維同士の交点及び熱融着性繊維と分割型複合繊維との交点が熱の付与によって融着することで不織布の形態を保っている。熱を付与する手段としては、後述するように熱風を吹き付ける方法、ヒートロール間を通す方法、遠赤外線等の幅射熱による方法が挙げられる。嵩高で柔軟な不織布を得る点からは、熱風を吹き付ける方法、即ちエアスルー法によって不織布を形成することが好ましい。
【0023】
前述の通り、不織布10には多数の開孔3が形成されている。開孔3はその開孔端における径が0.5〜3mm、特に0.7〜2mmであることが、十分な毛管力の発現、及び不織布10を吸収性物品の表面シートとして用いた場合の液の逆戻り防止の点から好ましい。また、開孔率、即ち不織布10全体の面積に対する開孔3の面積の総和の割合は2〜30%、特に5〜18%であることが好ましい。開孔3の径及び開孔率は、本出願人の先の出願に係る特開平8−246321号公報の段落〔0062〕及び〔0064〕の記載に従い測定される。溝部7に沿う開孔3間の距離は0.4〜40mm、特に1.5〜8mmであることが好ましい。隣り合う溝部7間の距離は1〜6mm、特に1.7〜3.7mmであることが、開孔3をしっかりと形成する点及び液の十分な透過性を確保する点から好ましい。隣り合う畝部6間の距離も同様であることが好ましい。
【0024】
不織布10は、その坪量が10〜50g/m2、特に18〜35g/m2であることが、液を引き込むための空隙を形成するのに必要な量の繊維の確保、生産性及びコストの点から好ましい。また、不織布10を構成する各層に関しては、第1層の坪量は5〜30g/m2、特に8〜20g/m2であり、第2層2の坪量は5〜30g/m2、特に8〜20g/m2であることが、液の透過性及び引き込み性、毛羽抜けの抑制と肌触りとのバランス、並びにコストの点から好ましい。
【0025】
不織布10は、その厚みが0.5g/cm2荷重下において0.4〜3mm、特に0.6〜2mmであることが、十分な嵩高さが発現する点から好ましい。0.5g/cm2荷重下の厚みは、不織布10に軽くタッチし始めたときの厚みにほぼ相当する。0.5g/cm2荷重下の不織布10の厚みは、特開平8−246321号公報の段落〔0063〕の記載に従い測定される。
【0026】
次に、本実施形態の不織布10の好ましい製造方法を説明する。先ず、第1層1及び第2層2を構成する繊維ウエブを製造する。該繊維ウエブは、例えばカード機を用いたカード法、紡糸ノズルから紡出された溶融状態の繊維をイジェクタで延伸しコンベアベルト上に堆積させる方法、エアレイド法などによって形成することができる。次いで、各層を構成する繊維ウエブを重ね合わせた後、構成繊維の交点を所定の手段によって結合させて不織布原反を得る。結合には、熱の付与による熱溶融繊維の融着、バインダによる接着などが用いられ、特に嵩高さ及び柔軟性の付与が容易なことから、熱風の吹き付けによる融着を用いることが好ましい。得られた不織布原反には、開孔処理が施される。開孔処理には、加熱されているか又は加熱されていない穿孔ピンが用いられる。穿孔ピンを用いることによって、開孔の形成と同時に該開孔の周縁部に存する分割型複合繊維に選択的に剪断力を加えることができる。この操作によって、開孔の周縁部に存する分割型複合繊維を分割離間させ且つその他の部分の存する分割型複合繊維をなるべく分割離間させないようにすることができる。つまり、開孔の周縁部に存する分割型複合繊維を選択的に分割離間させることが可能となる。穿孔ピンを用いた開孔の形成方法は、特開平8−246321号公報の段落〔0056〕〜〔0059〕に記載の方法に従うことができる。
【0027】
このようにして得られた不織布10は、例えば生理用ナプキンや使い捨ておむつなどの吸収性物品の表面シート、該吸収性物品における吸収体と表面シートの間に配置されるセカンドシート、あるいはシートの中に部分的に保液性を持たせたワイパーなどとして好適に用いられる。特に、液透過性の表面シート、液不透過性の裏面シート及び両シート間に介在された液保持性の吸収体を有する吸収性物品における前記表面シートとして不織布10を用い、且つ該不織布10における第1層1の側を肌対向側として配することで、通液性が良好で液残りが少なく、着用者の肌にまとわりつくようなベタツキ感がなく、ドライ感に優れた吸収性物品となる。また、部分的に剥離/分割した繊維が含まれるので、嵩高で柔軟性がある。更に、毛羽立ちが少ないので、着用者の肌への刺激が低減し、装着感の良好な吸収性物品となる。
【0028】
本発明は前記実施形態に制限されない。例えば前記実施形態の不織布10は第1層1及び第2層2から構成される二層構造であったが、これに代えて、第1層と第2層との間に1又は2以上の層を備えた三層構造以上の多層構造であってもよい。
【0029】
また前記実施形態における不織布10に形成された開孔3は、その径が何れも同じものであったが、これに代えて異なる2種以上の径を有する開孔を形成してもよい。例えば、不織布10を吸収性物品の表面シートとして用いる場合、吸収性物品の縦中心線に沿った領域に対応する不織布10の領域に相対的に大径の開孔を形成し、且つ該吸収性物品の左右両側部に対応する不織布10の領域に相対的に小径の開孔を形成してもよい。これによって、排液ポイントである中央部の液の引き込み性及び液透過性が向上し、一方、両側部は相対的に径が小さいので、繊維があまり分割せず、毛羽立ちや抜け抑制がされるという効果が奏される。
【0030】
〔実施例1及び2並びに比較例1及び2〕
以下の表1及び表2に示す繊維を用いて、カード法によって第1層及び第2層の繊維ウエブを形成した。表1における繊維の詳細は表2に示す通りである。各繊維ウエブを互いに重ね合わせた後、140℃に加熱された熱風を吹き付けて構成繊維の交点を融着させ二層構造の不織布原反を得た。その後、125℃に加熱された直径1.5mmの穿孔ピンを用いて、不織布原反に多数の開孔を形成すると共に畝部及び溝部が形成された、図1に示す形態の不織布を得た。得られた不織布における開孔の開孔端における径は約1mm、開孔率は10%であった。また、溝部に沿う開孔間の距離は2.6mm、溝部及び畝部間の距離は何れも2.3mmであった。更に0.5g/cm2荷重下における厚みは0.6〜1.0mmであった。
【0031】
得られた不織布について、以下の方法で動的液残り量、毛羽抜け量及びCD強度を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
【0032】
〔動的液残り量の測定〕
市販のナプキン「ロリエさらさらクッション ウィングなし」(商品名、花王製)から、表面シートの部分を取り除き、ナプキン吸収体を準備する。実施例及び比較例でそれぞれ得られた不織布の重量W1をあらかじめ測定しておく。これらの不織布を表面シートとして用い、先に準備したナプキン吸収体に巻いて固定し、ナプキンを得る。次にこのナプキンを女性腰部モデルに装着させ、更にその上にショーツを装着後、100歩/分(50m/分)の歩行速度でモデルを歩行させた。歩行1分間後に歩行させながら脱繊維馬血1.5g(注入速度8g/分)をナプキン注入し、歩行を続ける。更に3分間後、歩行させながら脱繊維馬血を1.5gをナプキンに注入し、歩行を続ける。1分経過後歩行を停止し、モデルからナプキンを取り外す。ナプキンから不撒布のみを剥がし、その重量W2を測定する。初めに測定した不織布の重量W1との差(W2−Wl)を求める。以上の操作を3回行い、3回の平均値を動的液残り量とする。
【0033】
〔毛羽抜け量の測定方法〕
ウレタンフォーム(ブリジストン(株)製ウレタンフォーム モルトプレンMF30、厚さ5mm)で表面を覆った円盤(直径70mm、350g)を、回転軸に取り付ける。取り付け位置は円盤中心から20mmずれた位置とする。図1に示す開孔が下方に向かって形成されている不織布の下面に、上記と同じウレタンフォームを敷く。次いで、不織布の上面側を表面にして、台上に固定する。不織布の上に前記円盤を載せる。このとき、不織布に加わる荷重は円盤の自重のみとする。この状態下、回転軸を回転させて、円盤を不織布上で周動させる。周動は時計周りに2回転、反時計周りに2回転を1セットとして、10セット行う。このときの周動速度は1周動あたり約3秒である。10セットの周動後、円盤を覆っているウレタンフォームの表面に付着した毛羽抜けした繊維を集める。この操作をn=20枚の不織布について行う。n=2〜5の不織布について毛羽抜けした繊維の重量を測定し、その重量を不織布1枚につき毛羽抜けした繊維の重量に換算する。この値を毛羽抜け量とする。
【0034】
〔CD強度の測定方法〕
株式会社オリエンテック製の引張試験機テンシロンRTA−100を用いて不織布のCD強度を測定する。CDは、得られた不織布における流れ方向に直交する方向とする。試験片はCDの長さ200mm、MDの長さ50mmとする。チャック間距離は150mm、引張速度は300mm/分とする。5枚の試験片につき測定を行いその平均値をCD強度とする。
【0035】
【表1】

Figure 0004052906
【0036】
【表2】
Figure 0004052906
【0037】
表1に示す結果から明らかなように、実施例の不織布(本発明品)は、比較例の不織布に比べて液残り量が少なく、強度も高くまた毛羽立ちしにくいことが判る。また表には示していないが、実施例の不織布は、嵩高く柔軟であり、風合いの良好なものであった。なお、表には示していないが、実施例1及び2の不織布においては、その電子顕微鏡観察の結果、開孔の周縁部に存する分割型複合繊維が構成樹脂間で分割離間しており、且つその分割離間の程度が、不織布における他の部分に存する該分割型複合繊維のそれよりも大きくなっていることが確認された。
【0038】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、通液性に優れ、また摩擦に起因する毛羽立ちが起こりにくく、十分な強度を有する不織布が得られる。
また本発明によれば、嵩高く柔軟で風合いが良好な不織布が得られる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の不織布の一実施形態における縦断面の要部を拡大して示す斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
1 第1層
2 第2層
3 開孔
10 不織布[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a bulky and flexible nonwoven fabric having excellent liquid permeability and a method for producing the same. The present invention also relates to an absorbent article using the nonwoven fabric.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention]
Nonwoven fabrics are known that are formed of composite fibers that can be divided in whole or in part and that have fine fibers. Since this nonwoven fabric has excellent tactile sensation and excellent dust collecting power, it is used as a wiper for wiping glasses and various cleanings. The nonwoven fabric needs to be separated and separated by the spunlace method due to the structure of the conjugate fiber. However, the nonwoven fabric produced by the spunlace method has a problem that the production process is complicated and the productivity is poor. There is also the problem of high costs.
[0003]
The present applicant has previously proposed a non-woven fabric in which a part of the split fibers is separated and separated by heat treatment or pressurization with a roll for the purpose of providing a non-woven fabric that is flexible and excellent in touch (see Patent Document 1). However, in this nonwoven fabric, splitting and separation of the split fibers occurs in the entire nonwoven fabric, and thus fuzzing may occur easily when repeated wear occurs. Further, when the amount of the split fibers is increased, the strength may be lowered, so that it is necessary to strengthen the bonding such as hot embossing. Further, when the separation and separation are caused by using an embossing roll or a calender roll, the nonwoven fabric is pressurized, so that the nonwoven fabric becomes thin. When a heat treatment method such as air-through is used instead of pressurizing with a roll, the thickness can be maintained, but if excessive heat is applied, the fibers are separated and separated throughout the nonwoven fabric, causing fuzz and fluffing. It tends to happen. Further, the number of fibers divided into the whole nonwoven fabric increases, and as a result, the surface area of the fibers increases, resulting in an increase in the hydrophobic surface. An increase in the hydrophobic surface becomes an obstructive factor for the stable expression of liquid permeability when the nonwoven fabric is used as a top sheet of an absorbent article. As described above, it was difficult to prevent fluffing and fluff removal while separating the split fibers, thereby improving the liquid permeability.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-273061
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a strong nonwoven fabric that has excellent liquid permeability and prevents fuzz caused by friction.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a nonwoven fabric that is bulky, flexible, and has a good texture.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention comprises a multilayer structure having at least a first layer constituting one outer layer and a second layer constituting the other outer layer, 5 to 40% by weight of split-type composite fibers and heat-fusible fibers. A nonwoven fabric containing 60 to 95% by weight,
The first layer contains 20% by weight or less of the split-type conjugate fiber, and the second layer contains more than 20% by weight of the split-type conjugate fiber,
The nonwoven fabric has a large number of apertures, and the split-type conjugate fibers existing at the peripheral edge of the aperture are divided and separated among the constituent resins, and the degree of the division and separation is different from that of the nonwoven fabric. This object is achieved by providing a non-woven fabric larger than that of the split-type composite fiber in the portion.
[0007]
According to the present invention, as a preferred method for producing the nonwoven fabric, a plurality of apertures are formed using a perforated pin in a multilayered nonwoven fabric having at least the first layer and the second layer. The present invention provides a method for producing a nonwoven fabric in which a shearing force is applied to the split type composite fibers existing at the peripheral edge of the hole to selectively split the split type composite fibers between the constituent resins.
[0008]
Furthermore, the present invention provides a non-woven fabric according to claim 1 as the top sheet in an absorbent article having a liquid-permeable top sheet, a liquid-impermeable back sheet, and a liquid-retaining absorbent interposed between the two sheets. And an absorbent article in which the first layer side of the nonwoven fabric is disposed on the skin facing side.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention will be described below based on preferred embodiments with reference to the drawings. The perspective view which expands and shows the principal part of the longitudinal cross-section in one Embodiment of the nonwoven fabric of this invention is shown by FIG.
[0010]
As shown in FIG. 1, the nonwoven fabric 10 of this embodiment has a two-layer structure having a first layer 1 constituting one outer layer and a second layer 2 constituting the other outer layer. A large number of apertures 3 are regularly formed on the entire surface of the nonwoven fabric 10. The nonwoven fabric 10 contains split-type composite fibers and heat-fusible fibers. The split type composite fiber used in the present embodiment is composed of two or more types of resins different from each other, and each resin is continuously arranged in the longitudinal direction of the fiber and alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the fiber. Each of the resins can be divided and separated by a thermal action or a mechanical action.
[0011]
As shown in FIG. 1, the opening 3 is formed so as to be surrounded by a nonwoven fabric extending from the first layer 1 toward the second layer 2. The inner wall 4 of the opening 3 is formed by a continuous surface from the first layer 1. That is, the aperture 3 is a three-dimensional aperture. The opening 3 has a circular shape in plan view, and its diameter gradually decreases from the first layer 1 toward the second layer, and has a funnel shape. Between adjacent openings 3 is curved in a convex shape so as to have a top 5. The plurality of top portions 5 are connected substantially continuously to form a collar portion. The flanges 6 are formed in multiple rows, and a groove 7 is formed between the adjacent flanges 6 and 6. The flange portions 6 and the groove portions 7 are alternately arranged so as not to have a plane portion. The flange portion 6 is curved in a convex shape, and the groove portion 7 is curved in a concave shape. The opening 3 is formed in the groove 7.
[0012]
In the nonwoven fabric 10 of the present embodiment, the split type composite fibers existing at the peripheral edge of the opening 3 are divided and separated between the constituent resins, and the degree of the divided spacing is present in other portions of the nonwoven fabric 10. It is larger than that of split composite fibers. As a result, the apparent number of fibers at the peripheral edge of the opening 3 is greater than that in the outer region. As a result, the inter-fiber distance at the peripheral edge of the aperture 3 is smaller than that in the outer region, and a gradient occurs in the capillary force. As a result, the capillary force increases from the region outside the peripheral edge of the opening 3 toward the peripheral edge, and a liquid drawing force is generated toward the opening end of the opening 3. Therefore, when the nonwoven fabric 10 of this embodiment is used as a surface sheet of an absorbent article as described later, for example, liquid residue hardly occurs on the surface sheet. Furthermore, since the split-type conjugate fibers are separated and separated, the nonwoven fabric 10 is given bulkiness and flexibility, and the nonwoven fabric 10 feels good. Also from this point, the nonwoven fabric 10 of this embodiment becomes a suitable thing as a surface sheet of an absorbent article which is a member which contacts skin directly. Note that “the degree of division and separation between the constituent resins in the split type composite fiber” means that the apparent number of fibers is large and / or the distance between the fibers is small. “Degree of separation between the constituent resins in the split type composite fiber” refers to, for example, the number of split type composite fibers that are split apart, the length of the part of the split type composite fiber in which the constituent resins are split apart, and It varies depending on the distance between constituent resins that are divided and separated in the split type composite fiber.
[0013]
The split type composite fibers existing at the peripheral edge of the aperture 3 are divided and separated between the constituent resins, and the degree of the split spacing is larger than that of the split type composite fibers existing in other portions of the nonwoven fabric 10. It can be confirmed from electron microscope observation of the nonwoven fabric 10.
[0014]
In order to make the degree of division separation between the constituent resins in the split composite fiber existing in the peripheral portion of the opening 3 larger than that of the split composite fiber existing in the other part of the nonwoven fabric 10, for example, described later. As described above, a large number of apertures 3 are formed using perforation pins, and a shearing force is applied to the split-type conjugate fibers existing at the peripheral edge of the apertures 3 to selectively make the split-type conjugate fibers between the constituent resins. What is necessary is just to divide and separate by.
[0015]
The first layer 1 of the nonwoven fabric 10 contains 20% by weight or less, preferably 10% by weight or less of split-type conjugate fibers. At the same time, the second layer contains more than 20% by weight of split type composite fibers. The amount of the split-type composite fiber in the first layer 1 may be zero. That is, the first layer 1 may not include split-type composite fibers. When the first layer 1 contains more than 20% by weight of the split-type conjugate fiber, the nonwoven fabric 10 is used as a surface sheet of an absorbent article, for example, and the first layer 1 side is arranged with the skin contact side. In addition, fuzz due to friction with the wearer's skin is likely to occur. Moreover, the area of the hydrophobic surface increases due to the division and separation of the split-type composite fibers, and the pulling force of the liquid decreases. The amount of the split-type composite fiber in the second layer 2 is more than 20% by weight and not more than 60% by weight , which effectively gives the aforementioned capillary force gradient and gives the nonwoven fabric 10 sufficient bulkiness and flexibility. To preferred.
[0016]
When it considers as the nonwoven fabric 10 whole, a split type composite fiber is 5 to 40 weight%, Preferably it contains 10 to 30 weight%. If the amount of the split-type composite fiber is less than 5% by weight, the amount of the fiber that is split apart in the opening 3 is small, the liquid is not sufficiently drawn in, and the flexibility is also insufficient. If it exceeds 40% by weight, the amount of split fibers will increase, and fluffing and fluffing will easily occur, and the strength after opening will be low, resulting in a non-woven fabric that is easy to tear.
[0017]
On the other hand, when viewed as the whole nonwoven fabric 10, the heat-fusible fiber is contained in an amount of 60 to 95% by weight, preferably 70 to 90% by weight. If the amount of the heat-fusible fiber is less than 60% by weight, the strength of the nonwoven fabric is insufficient and easily broken, and the suppression of fuzzing becomes insufficient. If it exceeds 95% by weight, the fluffing is suppressed and the strength is high, but the drawability and flexibility of the liquid in the opening 3 are insufficient. Regarding the content of the heat-fusible fiber in the first layer 1 and the second layer 2, the amount of the heat-fusible fiber in the first layer 1 is 80 to 100% by weight, particularly 90 to 100% by weight. From the viewpoints of suppression of fuzz and fluff loss and sufficient strength development. The amount of the heat-fusible fiber in the second layer 2 is preferably 20 to 90% by weight, particularly 40 to 80% by weight, from the viewpoints of suppression of fuzz and fluffing and expression of flexibility of the nonwoven fabric.
[0018]
As the split-type composite fiber, a fiber having a low melting point resin and a high melting point resin having a melting point higher than that of the low melting point resin as a constituent resin is used. In particular, fibers that can be divided into 6 to 16 parts are preferable from the viewpoint of cost, productivity, and partibility. As the low melting point resin, those having a melting point of about 100 to 150 ° C. are preferably used. Examples thereof include those described in paragraph [0013] of JP-A-9-273061. As the high melting point resin, those having a melting point of about 160 to 260 ° C. are preferably used. Examples thereof include those described in paragraph [0014] of JP-A-9-273061. The melting point of the high melting point resin is preferably about 100 to 150 ° C. higher than the melting point of the low melting point resin. Preferred combinations of the low melting point resin and the high melting point resin include low melting point resin / high melting point resin, low melting point polypropylene (PP) / polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene (PE) / polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene (PE ) / Polypropylene (PP). The split composite fiber preferably has a fineness of 1 to 15 dtex, particularly 3 to 8 dtex, from the viewpoint of preventing the capillary force from becoming excessively large and obtaining sufficient liquid permeability and manufacturing cost.
[0019]
If the low melting point resin in the split type composite fiber has heat shrinkability, the fiber can be split and separated only by a thermal action. Moreover, it is preferable that the split type composite fiber has hydrophilicity by kneading a hydrophilizing agent into at least one of the constituent resins. Durability is imparted to the hydrophilicity by kneading the hydrophilizing agent, and when the nonwoven fabric 10 is used as a surface sheet of an absorbent article, the hydrophilicity is not easily lowered even if the liquid permeates repeatedly. In particular, by adding a hydrophilizing agent to at least one of the constituent resins of the split-type composite fiber and applying the same or different hydrophilizing agent to the surface of the split-type composite fiber, the hydrophilicity is further improved. Sex is imparted. The hydrophilizing agent kneaded into the constituent resin of the split composite fiber may be a compound having a hydrophilic group such as a hydroxyl group, a carbonyl group, a carboxyl group, or a sulfone group. Examples thereof include nonionic surfactants such as fatty acid glycerides, alkyloxylated alkylphenols, polyoxyalkylene fatty acid esters, and fatty acid diethanolamides. On the other hand, as the hydrophilizing agent applied to the surface of the split type composite fiber, for example, an anionic activator containing a sulfate ester base, a C8-C30 alkyl phosphate ester base, a sulfonate base, etc., a betaine activator, a polyoxyethylene alkyl Ether, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan monooleate, polyoxyalkylene modified organosiloxane, blend of alkylolamide type compound and polyoxyalkylene modified organosiloxane, polyglycerin fatty acid ester or polyoxyalkylene modified organosiloxane , A polyether polyester block copolymer or a blend of this with a polyoxyalkylene-modified organosiloxane, a surfactant having a hydrocarbon group having 28 or more carbon atoms as a hydrophobic group, and a polyoxyal Blend of polyalkylene-modified organosiloxanes.
[0020]
As the heat-fusible fiber, it is possible to use a fiber composed of a resin having a melting point equal to or lower than the melting point of the low-melting resin of the split-type composite fiber, from the viewpoint of fusion with the split-type composite fiber. preferable. Examples of such fibers include polyethylene fibers, polypropylene fibers, polyethylene terephthalate fibers, and polyamide fibers. A core-sheath type composite fiber or a side-by-side type composite fiber can also be used. When these composite fibers are used, the same reason as described above that a resin having a melting point equal to or lower than the melting point of the low melting point resin of the split type composite fiber is used as the low melting point resin. To preferred. It is preferable that a hydrophilic agent is applied to the surface of the heat-fusible fiber as in the case of the split type composite fiber from the viewpoint of imparting sufficient liquid permeability to the nonwoven fabric 10. The heat-sealable fiber has a fineness of 1.5 to 5 dtex, particularly 2.2 to 4.4 dtex, which imparts liquid permeability to the nonwoven fabric and suppresses liquid residue and maintains the texture of the nonwoven fabric. It is preferable from the point of balance and the fineness of a split type composite fiber.
[0021]
In the nonwoven fabric 10 of the present embodiment, the first layer 1 and / or the second layer 2, in addition to the above-mentioned split type composite fiber and heat fusion fiber, natural fibers such as cotton and wool, acrylic fibers, polyolefins Other types of fibers such as fiber based fibers, polyvinyl chloride based fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, regenerated fibers such as rayon, cupra and acetate, and polyamide based fibers such as nylon 6 and nylon 66 may be included. These fibers can be contained in an amount of about 40 wt% or less with respect to the weight of the nonwoven fabric 10.
[0022]
The nonwoven fabric 10 of this embodiment maintains the form of a nonwoven fabric by the fusion | melting of the intersection of the heat-fusible fiber contained in this and the intersection of a heat-fusible fiber and a split type composite fiber by provision of heat. Yes. Examples of the means for applying heat include a method of blowing hot air, a method of passing between heat rolls, and a method of radiant heat such as far infrared rays, as will be described later. From the viewpoint of obtaining a bulky and flexible nonwoven fabric, it is preferable to form the nonwoven fabric by a method of blowing hot air, that is, an air-through method.
[0023]
As described above, a large number of apertures 3 are formed in the nonwoven fabric 10. The diameter of the opening 3 is 0.5 to 3 mm, particularly 0.7 to 2 mm at the opening end, and sufficient capillary force is expressed, and the nonwoven fabric 10 is used as a top sheet of the absorbent article. This is preferable from the viewpoint of preventing the liquid from returning. Moreover, it is preferable that the opening rate, that is, the ratio of the total area of the openings 3 to the entire area of the nonwoven fabric 10 is 2 to 30%, particularly 5 to 18%. The diameter and the opening ratio of the opening 3 are measured according to the description in paragraphs [0062] and [0064] of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-246321 related to the previous application of the present applicant. The distance between the openings 3 along the groove 7 is preferably 0.4 to 40 mm, particularly preferably 1.5 to 8 mm. The distance between the adjacent groove portions 7 is preferably 1 to 6 mm, particularly 1.7 to 3.7 mm, from the viewpoint of firmly forming the opening 3 and ensuring sufficient liquid permeability. It is preferable that the distance between the adjacent collars 6 is the same.
[0024]
The nonwoven fabric 10 has a basis weight of 10 to 50 g / m 2 , particularly 18 to 35 g / m 2 , ensuring the amount of fibers necessary for forming voids for drawing the liquid, productivity and cost. From the point of view, it is preferable. Moreover, regarding each layer which comprises the nonwoven fabric 10, the basic weight of a 1st layer is 5-30 g / m < 2 >, Especially 8-20 g / m < 2 >, The basic weight of the 2nd layer 2 is 5-30 g / m < 2 >, In particular, 8 to 20 g / m 2 is preferable from the viewpoints of liquid permeability and drawability, balance between fluff suppression and touch, and cost.
[0025]
It is preferable that the nonwoven fabric 10 has a thickness of 0.4 to 3 mm, particularly 0.6 to 2 mm under a load of 0.5 g / cm 2 , in view of sufficient bulkiness. The thickness under a load of 0.5 g / cm 2 substantially corresponds to the thickness when the non-woven fabric 10 starts to be lightly touched. The thickness of the nonwoven fabric 10 under a load of 0.5 g / cm 2 is measured according to the description in paragraph [0063] of JP-A-8-246321.
[0026]
Next, the preferable manufacturing method of the nonwoven fabric 10 of this embodiment is demonstrated. First, the fiber web which comprises the 1st layer 1 and the 2nd layer 2 is manufactured. The fiber web can be formed by, for example, a card method using a card machine, a method in which melted fibers spun from a spinning nozzle are drawn by an ejector and deposited on a conveyor belt, an airlaid method, or the like. Next, after overlapping the fiber webs constituting each layer, the intersections of the constituent fibers are bonded by a predetermined means to obtain a nonwoven fabric raw fabric. For the bonding, fusion of hot-melt fibers by application of heat, adhesion by a binder, or the like is used. In particular, it is preferable to use fusion by blowing hot air because it is easy to impart bulkiness and flexibility. The obtained nonwoven fabric is subjected to a hole opening treatment. A punching pin that is heated or not heated is used for the opening process. By using the perforated pin, it is possible to selectively apply a shearing force to the split type composite fiber existing at the peripheral edge of the opening simultaneously with the formation of the opening. By this operation, it is possible to divide and separate the split-type conjugate fiber existing at the peripheral edge of the aperture and to prevent the split-type conjugate fiber having other portions from being split and separated as much as possible. That is, it becomes possible to selectively divide and separate the split type composite fibers existing at the peripheral edge of the hole. A method for forming an opening using a perforated pin can follow the method described in paragraphs [0056] to [0059] of JP-A-8-246321.
[0027]
The nonwoven fabric 10 obtained in this way is a surface sheet of an absorbent article such as a sanitary napkin or a disposable diaper, a second sheet disposed between the absorbent body and the surface sheet in the absorbent article, or a sheet It is suitably used as a wiper or the like partially having liquid retaining properties. In particular, the nonwoven fabric 10 is used as the topsheet in the absorbent article having a liquid-permeable top sheet, a liquid-impermeable back sheet, and a liquid-retaining absorbent interposed between the two sheets. By arranging the first layer 1 side as the skin facing side, the liquid permeability is good, there is little liquid residue, there is no sticky feeling clinging to the wearer's skin, and the absorbent article is excellent in dry feeling. . In addition, since partially peeled / divided fibers are included, they are bulky and flexible. Furthermore, since there is little fuzz, the irritation | stimulation to a wearer's skin reduces and it becomes an absorptive article with a favorable wearing feeling.
[0028]
The present invention is not limited to the embodiment. For example, although the nonwoven fabric 10 of the said embodiment was a two-layer structure comprised from the 1st layer 1 and the 2nd layer 2, it replaced with this and 1 or 2 or more between 1st layers and 2nd layers. It may be a multilayer structure having three or more layers having layers.
[0029]
Moreover, although the diameter of the opening 3 formed in the nonwoven fabric 10 in the said embodiment was the same, it may replace with this and may form the opening which has 2 or more types of different diameters. For example, when the nonwoven fabric 10 is used as a surface sheet of an absorbent article, a relatively large-diameter hole is formed in the region of the nonwoven fabric 10 corresponding to the region along the longitudinal center line of the absorbent article, and the absorbent A relatively small diameter opening may be formed in the region of the nonwoven fabric 10 corresponding to the left and right sides of the article. As a result, the liquid drawability and liquid permeability at the central portion, which is the drainage point, are improved. On the other hand, since both sides are relatively small in diameter, the fibers are not divided so much that fuzzing and omission are suppressed. The effect is played.
[0030]
[Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2]
Using the fibers shown in Table 1 and Table 2 below, fiber webs of the first layer and the second layer were formed by the card method. Details of the fibers in Table 1 are as shown in Table 2. After the fiber webs were superposed on each other, hot air heated to 140 ° C. was blown to fuse the intersections of the constituent fibers to obtain a two-layer nonwoven fabric raw fabric. Thereafter, a non-woven fabric having the form shown in FIG. 1 was obtained by using a punching pin having a diameter of 1.5 mm heated to 125 ° C. and forming a large number of apertures in the raw nonwoven fabric as well as ridges and grooves. . In the obtained nonwoven fabric, the diameter at the opening end of the opening was about 1 mm, and the opening ratio was 10%. Further, the distance between the openings along the groove portion was 2.6 mm, and the distance between the groove portion and the flange portion was 2.3 mm. Furthermore, the thickness under a load of 0.5 g / cm 2 was 0.6 to 1.0 mm.
[0031]
About the obtained nonwoven fabric, the dynamic liquid residual amount, the amount of fluff loss, and CD intensity | strength were measured with the following method. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0032]
[Measurement of remaining amount of dynamic liquid]
A napkin absorber is prepared by removing a surface sheet portion from a commercially available napkin “No Laurier Smooth Cushion Wing” (trade name, manufactured by Kao). The weight W1 of the nonwoven fabric obtained in each of the examples and comparative examples is measured in advance. These non-woven fabrics are used as a surface sheet and are wound and fixed on a napkin absorbent prepared in advance to obtain a napkin. Next, this napkin was attached to a female waist model, and after wearing shorts thereon, the model was walked at a walking speed of 100 steps / minute (50 m / minute). While walking 1 minute after walking, 1.5 g of defibrinated horse blood (injection speed 8 g / min) was injected with a napkin, and walking was continued. After another 3 minutes, 1.5 g of defibrinated horse blood is injected into the napkin while walking, and walking is continued. After 1 minute, stop walking and remove the napkin from the model. Only the non-woven cloth is peeled off from the napkin, and its weight W2 is measured. The difference (W2-Wl) from the weight W1 of the nonwoven fabric measured first is obtained. The above operation is performed three times, and the average value of the three times is defined as the dynamic liquid remaining amount.
[0033]
[Measurement method of fluff loss]
A disk (diameter 70 mm, 350 g) whose surface is covered with urethane foam (urethane foam MALTOPREN MF30 manufactured by Bridgestone Corporation, thickness 5 mm) is attached to the rotating shaft. The mounting position is set to be 20 mm away from the center of the disk. The same urethane foam as described above is laid on the lower surface of the nonwoven fabric in which the openings shown in FIG. 1 are formed downward. Next, the upper surface side of the nonwoven fabric is used as a surface, and the nonwoven fabric is fixed on the table. The disk is placed on the nonwoven fabric. At this time, the load applied to the nonwoven fabric is only the weight of the disk. Under this state, the rotating shaft is rotated to rotate the disk on the nonwoven fabric. There are 10 sets of circumferential movements, with 2 rotations in the clockwise direction and 2 rotations in the counterclockwise direction as one set. The circumferential speed at this time is about 3 seconds per round. After 10 sets of round motion, collect the fluffy fibers attached to the surface of the urethane foam covering the disk. This operation is performed on n = 20 nonwoven fabrics. About the nonwoven fabric of n = 2-5, the weight of the fiber which fluffed is measured, and the weight is converted into the weight of the fiber which fluffed per nonwoven fabric. This value is defined as the amount of fluff loss.
[0034]
[Measurement method of CD intensity]
The CD strength of the nonwoven fabric is measured using a tensile tester Tensilon RTA-100 manufactured by Orientec Co., Ltd. CD is a direction orthogonal to the flow direction in the obtained nonwoven fabric. The test piece has a CD length of 200 mm and an MD length of 50 mm. The distance between chucks is 150 mm, and the tensile speed is 300 mm / min. Measurements are made on five test pieces and the average value is taken as the CD strength.
[0035]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004052906
[0036]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004052906
[0037]
As is apparent from the results shown in Table 1, it can be seen that the non-woven fabric of the example (product of the present invention) has less liquid residue, high strength and is less likely to fluff compared with the non-woven fabric of the comparative example. Further, although not shown in the table, the nonwoven fabrics of the examples were bulky and flexible and had a good texture. Although not shown in the table, in the nonwoven fabrics of Examples 1 and 2 , as a result of observation with an electron microscope, the split-type conjugate fibers existing at the peripheral edge of the aperture are divided and separated between the constituent resins, and It was confirmed that the degree of the division separation was larger than that of the division type composite fiber existing in the other part of the nonwoven fabric.
[0038]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a nonwoven fabric that has excellent liquid permeability, is less likely to fluff due to friction, and has sufficient strength.
Moreover, according to this invention, the nonwoven fabric which is bulky, flexible, and favorable in texture can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an enlarged perspective view showing a main part of a longitudinal section in an embodiment of a nonwoven fabric of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st layer 2 2nd layer 3 Opening 10 Nonwoven fabric

Claims (6)

少なくとも、一方の外層を構成する第1層と他方の外層を構成する第2層とを有する多層構造からなり、分割型複合繊維を5〜40重量%及び熱融着性繊維を60〜95重量%含有する不織布であって、
前記第1層には前記分割型複合繊維が20重量%以下含まれていると共に前記第2層には20重量%よりも多量の前記分割型複合繊維が含まれており、
前記不織布には多数の開孔が形成されており、該開孔の周縁部に存する前記分割型複合繊維が構成樹脂間で分割離間しており、且つその分割離間の程度が、該不織布における他の部分に存する該分割型複合繊維のそれよりも大きい不織布。
It has a multilayer structure having at least a first layer constituting one outer layer and a second layer constituting the other outer layer, 5 to 40% by weight of split-type conjugate fiber and 60 to 95% by weight of heat-fusible fiber. % Containing non-woven fabric,
The first layer contains 20% by weight or less of the split-type conjugate fiber, and the second layer contains more than 20% by weight of the split-type conjugate fiber,
The nonwoven fabric has a large number of apertures, and the split-type conjugate fibers existing at the peripheral edge of the aperture are divided and separated among the constituent resins, and the degree of the division and separation is different from that of the nonwoven fabric. A non-woven fabric larger than that of the split-type conjugate fiber existing in the portion of
前記分割型複合繊維として、熱的作用又は機械的作用によって前記構成樹脂間で分割離間が可能になっている繊維が用いられている請求項1記載の不織布。  The nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, wherein a fiber that can be divided and separated between the constituent resins by a thermal action or a mechanical action is used as the split composite fiber. 前記分割型複合繊維の前記構成樹脂の少なくとも一つに親水化剤が練り込まれている請求項1又は2記載の不織布。  The nonwoven fabric according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a hydrophilizing agent is kneaded into at least one of the constituent resins of the split-type conjugate fiber. 前記分割型複合繊維の表面に親水化剤が施されている請求項1〜3の何れかに記載の不織布。  The nonwoven fabric in any one of Claims 1-3 in which the hydrophilizing agent is given to the surface of the said split type composite fiber. 請求項1記載の不織布の製造方法であって、
少なくとも前記第1層及び前記第2層を有する多層構造の不織布原反に、穿孔ピンを用いて多数の前記開孔を形成すると共に、該開孔の周縁部に存する前記分割型複合繊維に剪断力を加えて選択的に該分割型複合繊維をその構成樹脂間で分割離間させる不織布の製造方法。
It is a manufacturing method of the nonwoven fabric according to claim 1,
A plurality of apertures are formed using a perforated pin in a non-woven fabric having a multilayer structure having at least the first layer and the second layer, and shear is applied to the split-type composite fibers existing at the peripheral edge of the aperture. A method for producing a nonwoven fabric, in which force is applied to selectively split and separate the split-type conjugate fibers among the constituent resins.
液透過性の表面シート、液不透過性の裏面シート及び両シート間に介在された液保持性の吸収体を有する吸収性物品において、前記表面シートとして請求項1記載の不織布を用い且つ該不織布における前記第1層の側を肌対向側として配した吸収性物品。  In the absorbent article which has a liquid-permeable surface sheet, a liquid-impermeable back sheet, and a liquid-retaining absorbent interposed between both sheets, the nonwoven fabric according to claim 1 is used as the surface sheet. An absorbent article in which the side of the first layer in the above is disposed as the skin facing side.
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