JP4043397B2 - Renewal method for old buried pipes - Google Patents

Renewal method for old buried pipes Download PDF

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JP4043397B2
JP4043397B2 JP2003108788A JP2003108788A JP4043397B2 JP 4043397 B2 JP4043397 B2 JP 4043397B2 JP 2003108788 A JP2003108788 A JP 2003108788A JP 2003108788 A JP2003108788 A JP 2003108788A JP 4043397 B2 JP4043397 B2 JP 4043397B2
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buried pipe
buried
filler
pipe
shaft
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JP2004316146A (en
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嘉成 南埜
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日本技術建設株式会社
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【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、主に軌道下や道路下に埋設されて上下水道用やケーブル埋設用として用いられる埋設管(コンクリート管や陶管等)が老朽化した際に、老朽化した既設の埋設管を新しい埋設管に取り換える老朽埋設管の更新工法に係り、特に軌道や道路を埋設管の取り換え区間全域に亘って掘削することなく、老朽化した埋設管を新しい埋設管に短期間で経済的に且つ安全に取り換えることができるようにした老朽埋設管の更新方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般に、軌道下や道路下には、上下水道用やケーブル等の埋設用として用いられるコンクリート管(ヒューム管)や陶管等の埋設管が数多く埋設されている。これらの埋設管は、老朽化によってひび割れを起こしたり、破損したりすることがあった。又、比較的新しい埋設管であっても、鉄道車輌や自動車の走行により発生する振動や荷重等の影響を受けてひび割れを起こしたり、破損したりすることがあった。
【0003】
このように、ひび割れを起こした埋設管や破損した埋設管をそのままの状態で放置して置くと、様々な問題を引き起すことになる。例えば、埋設管内を流れている上水や下水がひび割れ個所や破損個所から埋設管の周囲に漏れて埋設管の周囲の地盤が緩んだり、環境汚染を引き起したりすると云う問題が発生する。又、埋設管の周囲の土砂が埋設管の破損個所等から埋設管内に入り込んで埋設管を詰まらせたり、埋設管の周囲に空洞ができて地盤が陥没したりすると云う問題が発生する。
【0004】
従来、埋設管の補修に於いては、埋設管がひび割れを引き起している程度であれば、埋設管のひび割れ個所に樹脂等を塗布してひび割れを埋め、漏水や土砂の進入等を防止する方法が採られている。又、埋設管が崩壊している場合であれば、崩壊している埋設管を完全に殺してしまい、別の場所(例えば崩壊している埋設管の横)に新しい埋設管を布設する方法が採られている。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
然し乍ら、樹脂による埋設管の補修に於いては、耐久年数が2年〜5年程度と短く、何回も繰り返して補修工事を行わなければならない。そのため、長期的に見た場合には、補修費用が高く付くと共に、埋設管が何時崩壊するかも知れないと云う不安を取り除くことができず、安全性にも劣ると云う問題があった。
又、新しい埋設管を別の場所に布設する場合には、諸官庁への申請許可書等の手続きによる時間のロスがあるため、その間に地盤への悪影響(陥没事故等)が心配される。然も、コストも高くなると云う問題があった。
更に、樹脂による埋設管の補修や新しい埋設管の布設を行う場合、埋設管の場所によっては掘り起こし(開削工法)を行えない場所があったり、電車や車を止めて工事をすることができない場所があり、様々な制約を受けることがあった。
【0006】
本発明は、このような問題点に鑑みて為されたものであり、その目的は軌道や道路を埋設管の取り換え区間全域に亘って掘削することなく、小口径管推進工法により破損した埋設管を取り除きつつ、新しい埋設管を破損した埋設管と略同じ位置に短期間で経済的に且つ安全に布設することができるようにした老朽埋設管の更新方法を提供することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するため、本発明は、更新を要する埋設管1の取り換え区間の両側位置に発進立坑2及び到達立坑3を構築する工程と、取り換え区間の埋設管1の内部に充填材4を充填すると共に埋設管4の破損箇所の周辺の空隙内に埋設管1の内部を通して充填材4を充填して埋設管1及び埋設管1の破損箇所周辺の空隙部分の地盤を補強する工程と、前記充填材4の固化後に発進立坑2から掘削機5によって埋設管1及び充填材4を破砕しながらその破砕片を発進立坑2側へ排出すると共に、埋設管1及び充填材4が取り除かれた空間内に新しい埋設管15を推進埋設する工程とから成る老朽埋設管の更新工法に於いて、取り換え区間の埋設管1の内部及び埋設管1の破損箇所の周辺の空隙に充填材4を充填する際に、埋設管1の取り換え区間の両側位置から埋設管1内へ充填材4として浸透性があって強度のでる薬液若しくは薬液とモルタルの両方を1〜2kg/cm 2 の注入圧でもって充填し、又、前記掘削機5による掘削部の横断面積を埋設管1の横断面積と同一にして埋設管1の埋設管1の周囲地盤の掘削を避け、更に、前記掘削機5によって埋設管1及び固化した充填材4を破砕、掘削して埋設管1及び充填材4が取り除かれた空間内に新しい埋設管15を推進埋設する際に、発信立坑2側から測量用レーザビームを飛ばし、掘削機5のカッタヘッド6a及び揺動部6bを備えた先導管6の姿勢を確認するようにしたことを発明の特徴とするものである。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。
図1は本発明の実施の形態に係る老朽埋設管1の更新方法の各工程を示すブロック図であり、Aは更新を要する埋設管1(老朽化した埋設管1や破損した埋設管1)の取り換え区間の両側位置に発進立坑2及び到達立坑3を構築する工程、Bは取り換え区間の埋設管1内及びその周辺の空隙に充填材4を充填して埋設管1を補強する工程、Cは発進立坑2及び到達立坑3に掘削機5等の各種機械設備等を設置する工程、Dは発進立坑2から掘削機5によって少なくとも埋設管1及び充填材4を破砕しながらその破砕片を発進立坑2側へ排出すると共に、埋設管1及び充填材4が取り除かれた空間内に新しい埋設管15を推進埋設する工程、Eは発進立坑2及び到達立坑3から掘削機5等の各種機械設備等を撤去する工程、Fは発進立坑2及び到達立坑3を埋め戻して地盤を元の状態に戻す復旧作業を行う工程である。
【0011】
図2及び図3は本発明の方法を実施するために使用する掘削機5等の各種機械設備を発進立坑2側及び到達立坑3側に設置した状態を示すものであり、図2及び図3に於いて、1は既設の埋設管、5は掘削機、6は掘削機5の先導管、7は掘削機5の推進装置、8は充填材充填装置、9は油圧ユニット、10は発電機、11はバルブユニット、12はコントロールユニット、13はトラッククレーン、14はダンプカー、15は新しい埋設管(ヒューム管)、16は工具箱である。
【0012】
前記掘削機5は、発進立坑2から少なくとも埋設管1及び充填材4を破砕しながらその破砕片を発進立坑2側へ排出すると共に、埋設管1及び充填材4が取り除かれた空間内に新しい埋設管15を推進埋設することができるものであり、埋設管1及び充填材4を破砕、掘削する先導管6と、先導管6や新しい埋設管15を推進させる推進装置7等から構成されている。
この実施の形態に於いては、掘削機5には、コンパクトな占用スペースで充分な推力、掘削力が得られる小口径管推進工法(アイアンモール工法:TP75SCL)に用いられる掘削機5(例えば特開平5−141185号公報等)が使用されている。即ち、掘削機5には、推進力が1960kN、掘削力が19.6kNmの掘削機5が使用されている。
尚、小口径管推進工法とは、発進立坑2から先端に先導管6を装備したヒューム管等の管を油圧ジャッキで地中に押込んで管路を形成する工法であり、従来の開削工法よりも経済性や安全面に優れていると共に、交通を遮断することなく軌道下や道路下に管を布設することができ、然も、低騒音・無振動で現場周辺の住民への影響を最小限に抑えられる等、優れた利点を有する工法である。
【0013】
具体的には、前記先導管6は、図6乃至図10に示す如く、先端に回転自在なカッタヘッド6aを装着した筒状の揺動部6bと、揺動部6bに連結され、止水及び掘削土の排出量を制御するピンチ弁(図示省略)を内蔵した筒状のピンチ弁部6cと、ピンチ弁部6cに連結され、発進立坑2内に配設したレーザトランシット(図示省略)からのレーザ光を受けてレーザ光軸に対する位置と姿勢角(方向)を計測するレーザターゲット(図示省略)を内蔵した筒状のレーザターゲット部6dとから構成されている。
又、先導管6は、その内部に揺動部6b先端からレーザターゲット部6d後端に亘ってスクリューコンベヤ(図示省略)が挿着されており、カッタヘッド6aにより破砕された掘削土を後方へ排出できるようになっている。このスクリューコンベヤのスクリューは、カッタヘッド6aに連動連結されてカッタヘッド6aを回転駆動させる役目もする。
更に、先導管6は、揺動部6bとピンチ弁部6cとの間に揺動部6bをピンチ弁部6cに対して揺動操作する揺動シリンダ(図示省略)が介設されており、揺動シリンダの伸縮により揺動部6bをピンチ部に対して屈曲させ、先導管6の進行方向を曲げたり、ズレを修正したりすることができるようになっている。
【0014】
一方、推進装置7は、図6に示す如く、先導管6及び新しい埋設管15を載置して案内する架台17と、架台17に前進及び後退可能に設けられ、先導管6の後端及び新しい埋設管15の後端に当接する押し板18と、架台17に支持され、押し板18を前進及び後退させる油圧シリンダ19と、押し板18に設けられ、スクリューコンベヤを回転駆動させる油圧モータ等の駆動部20等から構成されている。この推進装置7は、全ての部材が発進立坑2の内部で組立及び分解が可能となっており、分解された状態で発進立坑2の内外へ搬入・搬出できるようになっている。
【0015】
前記充填材充填装置8は、更新を要する埋設管1の取り換え区間にある既設の埋設管1を掘削機5で破砕する際に、そのときの衝撃により埋設管1の前方が座屈、粉砕しないよう取り換え区間にある埋設管1内及びその周辺の空隙に充填材4を充填して埋設管1及びその周辺の地盤を補強するために用いるものである。
この実施の形態に於いては、充填材4には、セメントと砂を水で練り合わせたモルタルが使用されている。
前記充填材充填装置8は、容器内に投入したセメント、砂及び水を攪拌羽根により練り混ぜて未固化のモルタルを生成するミキサー8aと、ミキサー8aにより生成されたモルタルを圧送するポンプ(図示省略)と、モルタルを移送する移送ホース8b等から構成されており、ミキサー8aにより生成された未固化のモルタルをポンプで圧送して移送ホース8bにより埋設管1内に流し込めるようになっている。
尚、上記実施の形態に於いては、充填材4としてモルタルを使用するようにしたが、モルタルの替わりに充填材4として浸透性があって強度のでる薬液(例えば、LWや電化ES(何れも商品名)等)を使用するようにしても良い。又、充填材4としてモルタルと薬液の両方を使用するようにしても良い。
【0016】
次に、上述した掘削機5及び充填材充填装置8等を用いて老朽化により破損した軌道下の埋設管1(ヒューム管)を新しい埋設管15に取り換える場合について説明する。
【0017】
先ず、更新を要する埋設管1の取り換え区間の両側位置(線路の両脇)に発進立坑2及び到達立坑3を夫々構築する(図4参照)。
即ち、線路脇の路盤をショベルカーや人力により掘り下げて立坑を形成しつつ、所定寸法掘り下げる毎に立坑内に平面形状が円弧状の土留め用のライナープレート(図示省略)を環状に組み立てて行く。この作業を埋設管1が完全に露出するまで繰り返すことにより発進立坑2及び到達立坑3が構築される。
又、発進立坑2及び到達立坑3を構築したら、各立坑2,3の底部に露出する埋設管1を除去すると共に、発進立坑2の上流側に位置する埋設管1の端部と到達立坑3の下流側に位置する埋設管1の端部に鋼管等の補強部材21を挿入して埋設管1の端部を補強する。
【0018】
尚、発進立坑2及び到達立坑3は、小口径管推進工法に用いる掘削機5を使用しているために小さくすることができ、広い用地を確保できないような場所でも構築することができる。例えば、この実施の形態に於いては、発進立坑2の内径は2500mmで済み、又、到達立坑3の内径は埋設管1の直径が350mmのときには1200mm、埋設管1の直径が400mm〜500mmのときには1500mmで夫々済む。更に、発進立坑2側の作業用スペースS1は3m×20mの面積で済み、到達立坑3側の作業用スペースS2は2.5m×12mの面積で済む。
【0019】
線路脇の路盤に発進立坑2及び到達立坑3を構築したら、次に取り換え区間にある埋設管1内及びその周辺の空隙に充填材4(モルタル)を充填して埋設管1を補強する。これは老朽化した埋設管1を掘削機5により破砕、掘削する際に埋設管1の前方が座屈、粉砕しないようにするためである。
埋設管1内への充填材4(モルタル)の充填は、到達立坑3側に開口している埋設管1の開口端を空気抜き22付きの閉塞板23で閉塞すると共に、発進立坑2側に開口している埋設管1の開口端の一部を閉塞板23で閉塞し、この状態で地上に設置している充填材充填装置8のミキサー8a内の未固化の充填材4(モルタル)をポンプ及び移送ホース8bを通じて埋設管1内へ圧送することにより行われる(図5参照)。このときの充填材4(モルタル)の注入圧は、1〜2kg/cm2である。
そして、埋設管1内への充填材4(モルタル)の充填より埋設管1内及びその周辺の空隙が完全に埋められたら、ポンプによる充填材4(モルタル)の圧送を停止すると共に、発進立坑2側に臨んでいる埋設管1の端部を閉塞板23で完全に閉塞する。
【0020】
取り換え区間にある埋設管1内及びその周辺の空隙に充填材4(モルタル)を充填したら、その次に発進立坑2及び到達立坑3の周囲にトラッククレーン13やダンプカー14を配置すると共に、発進立坑2内及び発進立坑2の周囲に掘削機5やこれを駆動制御する油圧ユニット9及びコントロールユニット12等の各種機械設備を設置し、埋設管1内の充填材4(モルタル)が固化するのを待つ。
【0021】
埋設管1内の充填材4(モルタル)が完全に硬化したら、小口径管推進工法に用いる掘削機5により埋設管1及び充填材4を破砕しながらその破砕片を発進立坑2側へ排出すると共に、埋設管1及び充填材4が取り除かれた空間内に新しい埋設管15を順次推進埋設して行く。
【0022】
前記工程を行う場合には、先ず、先導管6を3分割して発進させる。即ち、最初にカッタヘッド6a及び揺動部6bをカッタヘッド6aを回転させながら推進装置7により推進させる(図6参照)。そうすると、カッタヘッド6a及び揺動部6bは、回転駆動しているカッタヘッド6aにより埋設管1及び埋設管1内の固化した充填材4(モルタル)を破砕しながら推進される。次に、揺動部6bにピンチ弁部6cを接続し、カッタヘッド6aを回転させて埋設管1及び充填材4(モルタル)を破砕しながらピンチ弁部6cを推進装置7により推進させる(図7参照)。その後、ピンチ弁部6cにレーザターゲット部6dを接続し、カッタヘッド6aを回転させて埋設管1及び充填材4(モルタル)を破砕しながらレーザターゲット部6dを推進装置7により推進させる(図8参照)。
尚、カッタヘッド6aにより破砕された埋設管1及び充填材4(モルタル)の破砕片は、先導管6内に内蔵されたスクリューコンベヤにより発進立坑2側へ排出されて行く。又、発進立坑2内に排出された破砕片は、作業の邪魔にならないように順次地上へ排出される。
【0023】
そして、先導管6が一定距離だけ推進されると、先導管6の後端に新しい埋設管15を接続すると共に、埋設管15に内蔵されているスクリューコンベヤ24を先導管6内のスクリューコンベヤに接続した後、カッタヘッド6aを回転させて埋設管1及び埋設管1内の充填材4(モルタル)を破砕しながら新しい埋設管15を推進装置7により推進させて埋設して行く(図9参照)。
以下、この作業を繰り返し行うことによって必要本数の新しい埋設管15を順次埋設して行き、既設の埋設管1を全て新しい埋設管15に取り換える。
【0024】
尚、先導管6及び埋設管15の推進中は、発進立坑2側よりレーザトランシットから測量用レーザビームを飛ばし、先導管6内にあるレーザターゲットに読み取らせ、コントロールユニット12に映るデータから先導管6の姿勢を確認し、推進力・掘削力を充分に把握した上で添加剤、活材の注入量の決定し、更に、掘削残土をピンチ弁により制御してスクリューコンベヤにより排出するようになっている。今回の場合、老朽埋設管1及び充填材4を破砕、掘削する場合、掘削条件が一定であるため、ピンチ弁の機能は不必要になると思われる。
又、埋設管1内に充填材4(モルタル)を充填して固化させているため、掘削機5による埋設管1の破砕、掘削時や新しい埋設管1の埋設時に路盤が陥没することがなく、掘削作業や埋設作業を良好且つ確実に行える。
更に、埋設管1が充填材4(モルタル)の充填によって中実状になっているため、埋設管1をカッタヘッド6aで破砕しても大きな破砕片となることがなく、破砕片を先導管6内に確実に取り込むことができ、破砕片の排出処理が確実となる。
そのうえ、埋設管1内に充填材4(モルタル)を充填しているため、掘削条件が一定になって一定のスピードで既設の埋設管1及び充填材4(モルタル)を破砕することができ、日進量も大きくスムーズな施工を行える。
【0025】
先導管6及び新しい埋設管15の推進によって先導管6が到達立坑3に到達したら、到達立坑3から先導管6を複数に分割してトラッククレーン13で回収する(図10参照)。又、既設の埋設管1を全て新しい埋設管15に取り換えたら、埋設管15内に残っているスクリューコンベヤ24を発進立坑2又は到達立坑3から順次回収し、その後掘削機5等の各種機械設備を撤去すると共に、発進立坑2及び到達立坑3内で新しい埋設管15と既設の埋設管1を継ぎ管(図示省略)で接続し、最後に発進立坑2及び到達立坑3を埋め戻して線路脇の路盤を元の状態にする。
【0026】
尚、上記実施の形態に於いては、平面形状が円形の発進立坑2及び到達立坑3を形成するようにしたが、他の実施の形態に於いては、平面形状が矩形の発進立坑2及び到達立坑3を形成するようにしても良い。
【0028】
上記実施の形態に於いては、埋設管1の取り換え区間の片側位置(発進立坑2側)から埋設管1内へ充填材4(モルタル)を充填するようにしたが、他の実施の形態に於いては、埋設管1の取り換え区間の両側位置(発進立坑2側及び到達立坑3側)から埋設管1内へ充填材4(モルタル)を充填するようにしても良い。この場合には、充填材4(モルタル)を埋設管1内に短時間で充填することができると共に、埋設管1内に空隙を形成することなく、埋設管1内に充填材4(モルタル)を確実に充填することができる。
【0029】
上記実施の形態に於いては、埋設管1の取り換え区間の両側位置に発進立坑2及び到達立坑3を構築した後、埋設管1内に充填材4(モルタル)を充填するようにしたが、更新を要する埋設管1の両端が予め開放されているような場合には、埋設管1内に充填材4(モルタル)を充填してから埋設管1の取り換え区間の両側位置に発進立坑2及び到達立坑3を構築するようにしても良い。
【0030】
上記実施の形態に於いては、既設の埋設管1と新しい埋設管15の径が同じであり、埋設管1と同じ位置に新しい埋設管15を布設するようにしたが、他の実施の形態に於いては、既設の埋設管1と同じ位置に既設の埋設管1よりも大きい径の新しい埋設管15を布設するようにしても良い。
【0031】
【発明の効果】
上述の通り、本発明は、埋設管の取り換え区間の両側位置に発進立坑及び到達立坑を構築すると共に、取り換え区間の埋設管内及びその周辺の空隙に充填材を充填して既設の埋設管を補強し、発進立坑から掘削機によって埋設管及び充填材を破砕しながらその破砕片を発進立坑側へ排出すると共に、埋設管及び充填材が取り除かれた空間内に新しい埋設管を推進埋設するようにしているため、軌道や道路を埋設管の取り換え区間全域に亘って掘削したり、或いは交通を遮断したりすることなく、新しい埋設管を破損した埋設管と略同じ位置に短期間で経済的に且つ安全に布設することができる。然も、新しい埋設管を布設しているために耐久性も優れたものとなる。
又、本発明は、埋設管の取り換え区間の両側位置から埋設管内へ充填材を充填するようにしているため、埋設管内に充填材を短時間で充填することができると共に、埋設管内に空隙を形成することなく、埋設管内に充填材を確実に充填することができる。
更に、本発明は、取り換え区間の埋設管内に充填材として薬液若しくはモルタルと薬液の両方を充填し、当該充填材を埋設管内で硬化させた後、掘削機によって埋設管及び充填材を破砕するようにしているため、既設の埋設管の破砕作業や新しい埋設管の埋設作業をより一層安全に良好且つ確実に行える。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施の形態に係る老朽埋設管の更新方法の各工程を示すブロック図である。
【図2】本発明の方法を実施するために使用する各種機械設備を発進立坑側に設置した状態を示し、(A)は発進立坑周囲の平面図、(B)は発進立坑周囲の縦断面図である。
【図3】本発明の方法を実施するために使用する各種機械設備を到達立坑側に設置した状態を示し、(A)は到達立坑周囲の平面図、(B)は到達立坑周囲の縦断面図である。
【図4】更新を要する埋設管の取り換え区間の両側位置に発進立坑及び到達立坑を構築した状態を示す説明図である。
【図5】取り換え区間の埋設管内に充填材を充填する工程を示す説明図である。
【図6】先導管(カッタヘッド及び揺動部)の推進工程を示す作用説明図である。
【図7】先導管(カッタヘッド、揺動部及びピンチ弁部)の推進工程を示す作用説明図である。
【図8】先導管(カッタヘッド、揺動部、ピンチ弁部及びレーザターゲット部)の推進工程を示す作用説明図である。
【図9】先導管及び新しい埋設管の推進工程を示す作用説明図である。
【図10】先導管を分割して回収する状態を示す作用説明図である。
【図11】埋設管の取り換え区間に新しい埋設管を布設した状態を示す縦断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1は既設の埋設管、2は発進立坑、3は到達立坑、4は充填材(モルタル)、5は掘削機、15は新しい埋設管。
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, when buried pipes (concrete pipes, ceramic pipes, etc.) that are buried under a track or under a road and used for water and sewerage or cable are aged, It is related to the renewal method of old buried pipes that are replaced with new buried pipes.In particular, the old buried pipes can be converted into new buried pipes quickly and economically without excavating tracks and roads over the entire replacement section of the buried pipes. The present invention relates to a method for renewing an old buried pipe that can be safely replaced.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, a large number of buried pipes such as concrete pipes (fume pipes) and ceramic pipes are buried under the track and under the road, such as for water and sewerage and cables. These buried pipes were sometimes cracked or damaged due to aging. Further, even a relatively new buried pipe may be cracked or damaged under the influence of vibration or load generated by running of a railway vehicle or automobile.
[0003]
As described above, if a buried pipe that has been cracked or damaged is left as it is, various problems are caused. For example, there arises a problem that water or sewage flowing in the buried pipe leaks from the cracked or damaged part to the periphery of the buried pipe, loosening the ground around the buried pipe or causing environmental pollution. In addition, there arises a problem that earth and sand around the buried pipe enter the buried pipe from a damaged portion of the buried pipe and clog the buried pipe, or a cavity is formed around the buried pipe and the ground is depressed.
[0004]
Conventionally, in the repair of buried pipes, if the buried pipes are cracking, the resin is applied to the cracked parts of the buried pipes to fill the cracks and prevent water leakage and intrusion of earth and sand. The method to be taken is taken. If the buried pipe is collapsed, there is a method in which the collapsed buried pipe is completely killed and a new buried pipe is laid in another place (for example, next to the collapsed buried pipe). It is taken.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the repair of buried pipes with resin, the durable life is as short as 2 to 5 years, and repair work must be repeated many times. Therefore, in the long term, there is a problem that the repair cost is high, the anxiety that the buried pipe may collapse may not be removed, and the safety is inferior.
In addition, when laying a new buried pipe in another place, there is a time loss due to procedures such as application permits to various government offices, and during that time, there are concerns about adverse effects on the ground (such as collapse accidents). However, there was a problem that the cost was increased.
In addition, when repairing buried pipes with resin or laying new buried pipes, there are places where excavation (opening method) cannot be performed depending on the location of the buried pipe, or where construction cannot be performed by stopping the train or car. There were some restrictions.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and the purpose of the present invention is to bury buried pipes damaged by a small-diameter pipe propulsion method without excavating tracks and roads over the entire replacement section of the buried pipes. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for renewing an old buried pipe that can be installed economically and safely in a short period of time at a position substantially the same as a damaged buried pipe while removing a new buried pipe.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention includes a step of constructing the start shaft 2 and the reaching shaft 3 on both sides of the replacement section of the buried pipe 1 that requires renewal, and the filling material 4 inside the buried pipe 1 in the replacement section. Filling the filling material 4 through the inside of the buried pipe 1 and filling the gap around the damaged part of the buried pipe 4 to reinforce the ground of the buried pipe 1 and the void part around the damaged part of the buried pipe 1 ; After the filler 4 is solidified, the excavator 5 crushes the buried pipe 1 and the filler 4 from the start shaft 2 while discharging the fragments to the start shaft 2 side, and the buried pipe 1 and the filler 4 are removed. In the renewal method of an old buried pipe consisting of the process of propelling and embedding a new buried pipe 15 in the space, the filling material 4 is filled in the space inside the buried pipe 1 in the replacement section and around the damaged portion of the buried pipe 1 When replacing the buried pipe 1 Both had permeability out of strength chemical or chemical and mortar as filler 4 from both sides position to the buried pipe 1 interval were filled with an injection pressure of 1-2 kg / cm 2, also the excavator 5 The excavation part is made to have the same cross-sectional area as that of the buried pipe 1 to avoid excavation of the ground surrounding the buried pipe 1 of the buried pipe 1, and the excavator 5 further crushes the buried pipe 1 and the solidified filler 4 When the new buried pipe 15 is propelled and buried in the space where the buried pipe 1 and the filler 4 have been removed by excavation, the surveying laser beam is blown from the transmission shaft 2 side, and the cutter head 6a and the rocker The present invention is characterized in that the posture of the leading conduit 6 provided with the moving portion 6b is confirmed.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the steps of a method for renewing an aged buried pipe 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and A is a buried pipe 1 that needs to be renewed (an aged buried pipe 1 or a damaged buried pipe 1). A step of constructing the start shaft 2 and the reaching shaft 3 on both sides of the replacement section, and B a step of reinforcing the buried pipe 1 by filling the voids in and around the buried pipe 1 in the replacement section, C Is a process of installing various machines and equipment such as an excavator 5 in the start shaft 2 and the reach shaft 3, and D is a step of starting the fragments from the start shaft 2 while excavating at least the buried pipe 1 and the filler 4 with the excavator 5. The process of propelling and embedding a new buried pipe 15 in the space from which the buried pipe 1 and the filler 4 have been removed while discharging to the vertical shaft 2 side, E is various mechanical equipment such as the excavating machine 5 from the starting vertical shaft 2 and the reaching vertical shaft 3 Etc., F is the start shaft 2 and Is a step of performing the restoration work to return to the original state of the ground backfilled the reach vertical shaft 3.
[0011]
2 and 3 show a state in which various mechanical facilities such as an excavator 5 used for carrying out the method of the present invention are installed on the start shaft 2 side and the arrival shaft 3 side. 1 is an existing buried pipe, 5 is an excavator, 6 is a leading conduit of the excavator 5, 7 is a propulsion device of the excavator 5, 8 is a filler filling device, 9 is a hydraulic unit, and 10 is a generator. , 11 is a valve unit, 12 is a control unit, 13 is a truck crane, 14 is a dump truck, 15 is a new buried pipe (fume pipe), and 16 is a tool box.
[0012]
The excavator 5 discharges the crushed pieces from the start shaft 2 to the start shaft 2 side while crushing at least the embedded tube 1 and the filler material 4, and new in the space where the embedded tube 1 and the filler material 4 are removed. The buried pipe 15 can be propelled and embedded, and is composed of a leading pipe 6 for crushing and excavating the buried pipe 1 and the filler 4 and a propulsion device 7 for propelling the leading pipe 6 and the new buried pipe 15. Yes.
In this embodiment, the excavator 5 includes an excavator 5 (for example, a special-purpose excavator used for a small-diameter pipe propulsion method (iron molding method: TP75SCL) that can obtain sufficient thrust and excavation force in a compact occupied space. Kaihei 5-141185, etc.) is used. In other words, the excavator 5 has a propulsion force of 1960 kN and an excavation force of 19.6 kNm.
The small-diameter pipe propulsion method is a method in which a pipe such as a fume pipe equipped with a leading pipe 6 at the tip from the start shaft 2 is pushed into the ground with a hydraulic jack to form a pipe line. In addition to being economical and safe, pipes can be laid under the track and under the road without blocking traffic, but with minimal noise and vibration, it has minimal impact on the local residents. This method has excellent advantages such as being limited to the limit.
[0013]
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6 to FIG. 10, the leading conduit 6 is connected to a cylindrical rocking portion 6b having a rotatable cutter head 6a at the tip and a rocking portion 6b, and is used as a water stop. And a cylindrical pinch valve portion 6c with a built-in pinch valve (not shown) for controlling the amount of excavated soil, and a laser transit (not shown) connected to the pinch valve portion 6c and disposed in the start shaft 2 And a cylindrical laser target portion 6 d incorporating a laser target (not shown) that measures the position and orientation angle (direction) with respect to the laser optical axis.
Further, a screw conveyor (not shown) is inserted into the front conduit 6 from the tip of the swinging portion 6b to the rear end of the laser target portion 6d, and the excavated soil crushed by the cutter head 6a is moved backward. It can be discharged. The screw of the screw conveyor is linked to the cutter head 6a and also serves to rotate the cutter head 6a.
Further, the leading conduit 6 is provided with a swing cylinder (not shown) for swinging the swing portion 6b with respect to the pinch valve portion 6c between the swing portion 6b and the pinch valve portion 6c. The swinging part 6b is bent with respect to the pinch part by expansion and contraction of the swinging cylinder so that the advancing direction of the leading conduit 6 can be bent or the deviation can be corrected.
[0014]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6, the propulsion device 7 is provided with a gantry 17 for placing and guiding the leading conduit 6 and the new buried pipe 15, and provided on the pedestal 17 so as to be able to move forward and backward. A push plate 18 that comes into contact with the rear end of the new buried pipe 15, a hydraulic cylinder 19 that is supported by the gantry 17 and that moves the push plate 18 forward and backward, a hydraulic motor that is provided on the push plate 18 and that drives the screw conveyor to rotate. Drive unit 20 and the like. All the members of the propulsion device 7 can be assembled and disassembled inside the start shaft 2, and can be carried into and out of the start shaft 2 in a disassembled state.
[0015]
When the excavator 5 crushes the existing buried pipe 1 in the replacement section of the buried pipe 1 that needs to be renewed, the filler filling device 8 does not buckle or crush the front of the buried pipe 1 due to the impact at that time. Thus, the filler 4 is filled in the voids in and around the buried pipe 1 in the replacement section so as to reinforce the buried pipe 1 and the surrounding ground.
In this embodiment, the filler 4 is mortar in which cement and sand are kneaded with water.
The filler filling device 8 includes a mixer 8a that mixes cement, sand, and water charged in a container with a stirring blade to generate an unsolidified mortar, and a pump that pumps the mortar generated by the mixer 8a (not shown). ) And a transfer hose 8b for transferring mortar, and the unsolidified mortar generated by the mixer 8a is pumped by a pump and poured into the buried pipe 1 by the transfer hose 8b.
In the above embodiment, mortar is used as the filler 4, but instead of the mortar, the filler 4 has a penetrating and strong chemical solution (for example, LW or electrified ES (any May be used as well. Moreover, you may make it use both mortar and a chemical | medical solution as the filler 4.
[0016]
Next, the case where the buried pipe 1 (fume pipe) under the track damaged due to aging is replaced with a new buried pipe 15 by using the excavator 5 and the filler filling device 8 described above will be described.
[0017]
First, the starting shaft 2 and the reaching shaft 3 are respectively constructed at both side positions (both sides of the track) of the replacement section of the buried pipe 1 that needs to be updated (see FIG. 4).
That is, while a shaft is formed by excavating the roadbed beside the track by a shovel car or human power, a liner plate for earth retaining (not shown) having an arc shape in a plan view is assembled in an annular shape every time a predetermined dimension is dug. . The starting shaft 2 and the reaching shaft 3 are constructed by repeating this operation until the buried pipe 1 is completely exposed.
When the start shaft 2 and the reach shaft 3 are constructed, the buried pipe 1 exposed at the bottom of each of the shafts 2 and 3 is removed, and the end portion of the buried pipe 1 positioned upstream of the start shaft 2 and the reach shaft 3 A reinforcing member 21 such as a steel pipe is inserted into the end of the buried pipe 1 located on the downstream side of the buried pipe 1 to reinforce the end of the buried pipe 1.
[0018]
The starting shaft 2 and the reaching shaft 3 can be made small because the excavator 5 used in the small-diameter pipe propulsion method is used, and can be constructed even in a place where a wide site cannot be secured. For example, in this embodiment, the inner diameter of the start shaft 2 may be 2500 mm, and the inner diameter of the arrival shaft 3 is 1200 mm when the diameter of the buried pipe 1 is 350 mm, and the diameter of the buried pipe 1 is 400 mm to 500 mm. Sometimes it takes 1500mm each. Furthermore, the work space S1 on the start shaft 2 side may be an area of 3 m × 20 m, and the work space S2 on the end shaft 3 side may be an area of 2.5 m × 12 m.
[0019]
When the start shaft 2 and the reaching shaft 3 are constructed on the roadside beside the track, the embedded tube 1 is reinforced by filling the voids in the embedded tube 1 in the replacement section and in the vicinity thereof with a filler 4 (mortar). This is to prevent the front of the buried pipe 1 from buckling and crushing when the old buried pipe 1 is crushed and excavated by the excavator 5.
Filling the buried pipe 1 with the filler 4 (mortar) is performed by closing the open end of the buried pipe 1 opened on the side of the reaching shaft 3 with a closing plate 23 with an air vent 22 and opening it on the start shaft 2 side. A part of the opening end of the buried pipe 1 is closed with a closing plate 23, and in this state, the unsolidified filler 4 (mortar) in the mixer 8a of the filler filler 8 installed on the ground is pumped. And it is performed by pumping into the buried pipe 1 through the transfer hose 8b (see FIG. 5). The injection pressure of the filler 4 (mortar) at this time is 1 to 2 kg / cm 2 .
Then, when the gap in the buried pipe 1 and its surroundings is completely filled by filling the buried pipe 1 with the filler 4 (mortar), the pumping of the filler 4 (mortar) by the pump is stopped and the start shaft The end of the buried pipe 1 facing the 2 side is completely closed with the closing plate 23.
[0020]
When the filler 4 (mortar) is filled in the buried pipe 1 in the replacement section and the surrounding space, the truck crane 13 and the dump truck 14 are arranged around the start shaft 2 and the arrival shaft 3, and the start shaft 2 and around the start shaft 2, various excavators 5 and various mechanical equipment such as a hydraulic unit 9 and a control unit 12 for driving and controlling the excavator 5 are set, and the filler 4 (mortar) in the buried pipe 1 is solidified. wait.
[0021]
When the filler 4 (mortar) in the buried pipe 1 is completely cured, the excavator 5 used for the small-diameter pipe propulsion method breaks the buried pipe 1 and the filler 4 and discharges the crushed pieces to the start shaft 2 side. At the same time, new buried pipes 15 are sequentially pushed and buried in the space from which the buried pipe 1 and the filler 4 are removed.
[0022]
When performing the said process, first, the front pipe | tube 6 is divided into 3 and it starts. That is, first, the cutter head 6a and the swinging portion 6b are propelled by the propulsion device 7 while rotating the cutter head 6a (see FIG. 6). Then, the cutter head 6a and the swinging part 6b are propelled while crushing the buried pipe 1 and the solidified filler 4 (mortar) in the buried pipe 1 by the cutter head 6a that is rotationally driven. Next, the pinch valve portion 6c is connected to the swinging portion 6b, and the cutter head 6a is rotated to propel the pinch valve portion 6c by the propulsion device 7 while crushing the buried pipe 1 and the filler 4 (mortar) (FIG. 7). Thereafter, the laser target portion 6d is connected to the pinch valve portion 6c, and the cutter head 6a is rotated to propel the laser target portion 6d by the propulsion device 7 while crushing the buried pipe 1 and the filler 4 (mortar) (FIG. 8). reference).
The crushed pieces of the buried pipe 1 and the filler 4 (mortar) crushed by the cutter head 6a are discharged to the start shaft 2 side by a screw conveyor built in the previous conduit 6. Moreover, the fragment | piece fragment discharged | emitted in the starting shaft 2 is discharged | emitted sequentially on the ground so that an operation may not be disturbed.
[0023]
When the leading pipe 6 is propelled by a certain distance, a new buried pipe 15 is connected to the rear end of the leading pipe 6 and the screw conveyor 24 built in the buried pipe 15 is used as the screw conveyor in the leading pipe 6. After the connection, the cutter head 6a is rotated so that the buried pipe 1 and the filler 4 (mortar) in the buried pipe 1 are crushed and the new buried pipe 15 is pushed and buried by the propulsion device 7 (see FIG. 9). ).
Thereafter, by repeating this work, the necessary number of new buried pipes 15 are sequentially buried, and all the existing buried pipes 1 are replaced with new buried pipes 15.
[0024]
During the propulsion of the leading pipe 6 and the buried pipe 15, the laser beam for surveying is blown from the laser transit from the starting shaft 2 side, and the laser target in the leading pipe 6 is read and the leading pipe is determined from the data reflected in the control unit 12. After confirming the attitude of 6 and fully grasping the propulsion force and excavation force, the injection amount of additive and active material is decided, and further, the excavation residual soil is controlled by the pinch valve and discharged by the screw conveyor. ing. In this case, when the old buried pipe 1 and the filler 4 are crushed and excavated, the function of the pinch valve is considered unnecessary because the excavation conditions are constant.
In addition, since the buried pipe 1 is filled with the filler 4 (mortar) and solidified, the roadbed does not sink when the buried pipe 1 is crushed or excavated by the excavator 5 or when a new buried pipe 1 is buried. And excavation work and burial work can be performed well and reliably.
Further, since the buried pipe 1 is solid due to the filling of the filler 4 (mortar), even if the buried pipe 1 is crushed by the cutter head 6a, it does not become a large crushed piece. It can be surely taken in, and the discharge of the crushed pieces is ensured.
In addition, since the buried pipe 1 is filled with the filler 4 (mortar), the excavation conditions are constant, and the existing buried pipe 1 and filler 4 (mortar) can be crushed at a constant speed. The amount of daily progress is large and smooth construction is possible.
[0025]
When the leading conduit 6 reaches the reaching shaft 3 by propulsion of the leading conduit 6 and the new buried pipe 15, the leading conduit 6 is divided into a plurality of parts from the reaching shaft 3 and collected by the truck crane 13 (see FIG. 10). In addition, when all the existing buried pipes 1 are replaced with new buried pipes 15, the screw conveyor 24 remaining in the buried pipe 15 is sequentially recovered from the start shaft 2 or the reaching shaft 3, and thereafter various mechanical equipment such as the excavator 5 and the like. In addition, the new underground pipe 15 and the existing underground pipe 1 are connected to each other in the start shaft 2 and the arrival shaft 3 with a joint pipe (not shown), and finally the start shaft 2 and the arrival shaft 3 are backfilled. Set the roadbed to its original state.
[0026]
In the above embodiment, the start shaft 2 and the arrival shaft 3 having a circular planar shape are formed. However, in other embodiments, the start shaft 2 and the rectangular shaft having a rectangular planar shape are formed. The reaching shaft 3 may be formed.
[0028]
In the above embodiment, the filler 4 (mortar) is filled into the buried pipe 1 from one side position (starting shaft 2 side) of the replacement section of the buried pipe 1, but in other embodiments, In this case, the filling material 4 (mortar) may be filled into the buried pipe 1 from both side positions of the replacement section of the buried pipe 1 (starting shaft 2 side and arrival shaft 3 side). In this case, the filler 4 (mortar) can be filled in the buried pipe 1 in a short time, and the filler 4 (mortar) is filled in the buried pipe 1 without forming a void in the buried pipe 1. Can be reliably filled.
[0029]
In the above embodiment, after constructing the start shaft 2 and the reaching shaft 3 in both positions of the replacement section of the buried pipe 1, the filling material 4 (mortar) is filled in the buried pipe 1, In the case where both ends of the buried pipe 1 that needs to be renewed are opened in advance, the starter shafts 2 and 2 are located at both sides of the replacement section of the buried pipe 1 after filling the buried pipe 1 with the filler 4 (mortar). The reaching shaft 3 may be constructed.
[0030]
In the above embodiment, the diameters of the existing buried pipe 1 and the new buried pipe 15 are the same, and the new buried pipe 15 is laid at the same position as the buried pipe 1, but other embodiments are provided. In this case, a new buried pipe 15 having a diameter larger than that of the existing buried pipe 1 may be laid at the same position as the existing buried pipe 1.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention reinforces existing buried pipes by constructing start shafts and reaching shafts on both sides of the buried pipe replacement section, and filling filler in the buried pipe in the replacement section and its surroundings. The excavator crushes the buried pipe and filler from the start shaft and discharges the fragments to the start shaft, while propelling the new buried pipe in the space from which the buried pipe and filler have been removed. Therefore, without excavating the track or road over the entire section of the buried pipe replacement or blocking the traffic, the new buried pipe is economically located in the same position as the damaged buried pipe in a short period of time. And it can be laid safely. However, since a new buried pipe is installed, the durability is excellent.
Further, according to the present invention, since the filling material is filled into the buried pipe from both sides of the replacement section of the buried pipe, the filling material can be filled in the buried pipe in a short time, and a void is formed in the buried pipe. The filling material can be reliably filled into the buried pipe without forming.
Furthermore, the present invention is, as a filler material embedded tubes of replacement sections filled with both chemical liquid or mortar and the chemical, after curing the filler in buried tubes, crushed buried pipe and filler by excavator Therefore, the crushing operation of the existing buried pipe and the burying work of the new buried pipe can be performed more safely and satisfactorily and reliably.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing each step of a method for updating an aged buried pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 2A and 2B show a state in which various mechanical facilities used for carrying out the method of the present invention are installed on the start shaft side, FIG. 2A is a plan view around the start shaft, and FIG. 2B is a longitudinal section around the start shaft. FIG.
FIGS. 3A and 3B show a state in which various mechanical facilities used for carrying out the method of the present invention are installed on the side of a shaft, FIG. 3A is a plan view around the shaft, and FIG. FIG.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which a start shaft and a reaching shaft are constructed at both side positions of a replacement section of a buried pipe that needs to be updated.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a process of filling a filling material in a buried pipe in a replacement section.
FIG. 6 is an operation explanatory view showing a propulsion process of a leading conduit (cutter head and swinging portion).
FIG. 7 is an operation explanatory diagram showing a propulsion process of a leading conduit (a cutter head, a swinging portion, and a pinch valve portion).
FIG. 8 is an operation explanatory view showing a propulsion process of a leading conduit (cutter head, swinging portion, pinch valve portion, and laser target portion).
FIG. 9 is an operation explanatory view showing a propulsion process of a leading conduit and a new buried pipe.
FIG. 10 is an operation explanatory view showing a state in which the leading conduit is divided and collected.
FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which a new buried pipe is laid in the buried pipe replacement section.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 is an existing underground pipe, 2 is a start shaft, 3 is an arrival shaft, 4 is a filler (mortar), 5 is an excavator, and 15 is a new underground pipe.

Claims (1)

更新を要する埋設管(1)の取り換え区間の両側位置に発進立坑(2)及び到達立坑(3)を構築する工程と、取り換え区間の埋設管(1)の内部に充填材(4)を充填すると共に埋設管(4)の破損箇所の周辺の空隙内に埋設管(1)の内部を通して充填材(4)を充填して埋設管(1)及び埋設管(1)の破損箇所周辺の空隙部分の地盤を補強する工程と、前記充填材(4)の固化後に発進立坑(2)から掘削機(5)によって埋設管(1)及び充填材(4)を破砕しながらその破砕片を発進立坑(2)側へ排出すると共に、埋設管(1)及び充填材(4)が取り除かれた空間内に新しい埋設管(15)を推進埋設する工程とから成る老朽埋設管の更新工法に於いて、取り換え区間の埋設管(1)の内部及び埋設管(1)の破損箇所の周辺の空隙に充填材(4)を充填する際に、埋設管(1)の取り換え区間の両側位置から埋設管(1)内へ充填材(4)として浸透性があって強度のでる薬液若しくは薬液とモルタルの両方を1〜2kg/cm 2 の注入圧でもって充填し、又、前記掘削機(5)による掘削部の横断面積を埋設管(1)の横断面積と同一にして埋設管(1)の埋設管(1)の周囲地盤の掘削を避け、更に、前記掘削機(5)によって埋設管(1)及び固化した充填材(4)を破砕、掘削して埋設管(1)及び充填材(4)が取り除かれた空間内に新しい埋設管(15)を推進埋設する際に、発信立坑(2)側から測量用レーザビームを飛ばし、掘削機(5)のカッタヘッド(6a)及び揺動部(6b)を備えた先導管(6)の姿勢を確認するようにしたことを特徴とする老朽埋設管の更新方法。The process of constructing the start shaft (2) and the reaching shaft (3) at both positions of the replacement section of the buried pipe (1) that needs to be renewed, and the filling material (4) is filled inside the buried pipe (1) of the replacement section At the same time, the gap around the damaged portion of the buried pipe (4) is filled with the filler (4) through the inside of the buried pipe (1) and the gap around the damaged portion of the buried pipe (1) and the buried pipe (1). a step of reinforcing the portion of the ground, the crushed while crushing the excavator buried by the (5)設管(1) and the filler (4) from the starting pit (2) after solidification of the filler (4) Replacing the old buried pipe with the process of expelling the new buried pipe (15) in the space where the buried pipe (1) and the filler (4) have been removed while discharging the piece to the start shaft (2) side in method, inside and periphery of breach of buried pipe (1) of the buried pipe of replacement section (1) When filling the gap (4) with the filler (4), the chemical solution or the chemical solution is permeable and strong as the filler (4) from both sides of the replacement section of the buried pipe (1) into the buried pipe (1). And the mortar are filled with an injection pressure of 1 to 2 kg / cm 2 , and the buried pipe (1) has the same cross-sectional area as that of the buried pipe (1). The excavator (5) avoids excavation of the surrounding ground of the buried pipe (1), and the buried pipe (1) and the solidified filler (4) are crushed and excavated by the excavator (5). When a new buried pipe (15) is propelled and buried in the space from which the material (4) has been removed, the surveying laser beam is blown from the transmission shaft (2) side, and the cutter head (6a) of the excavator (5) and The posture of the tip conduit (6) provided with the swinging part (6b) is confirmed. Renewal method for aging buried pipes.
JP2003108788A 2003-04-14 2003-04-14 Renewal method for old buried pipes Expired - Fee Related JP4043397B2 (en)

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