JP4038111B2 - Lubricator for valve mechanism - Google Patents

Lubricator for valve mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4038111B2
JP4038111B2 JP2002304691A JP2002304691A JP4038111B2 JP 4038111 B2 JP4038111 B2 JP 4038111B2 JP 2002304691 A JP2002304691 A JP 2002304691A JP 2002304691 A JP2002304691 A JP 2002304691A JP 4038111 B2 JP4038111 B2 JP 4038111B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
valve
lubricating oil
valve arm
arm
bridge
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP2002304691A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2004137999A (en
Inventor
彰彦 本木
大輔 梶田
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Yanmar Co Ltd
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Yanmar Co Ltd
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  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、内燃機関(エンジン)の吸気弁や排気弁と、カム軸との間で動力を伝達する動弁機構の潤滑構造に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来から、エンジンの弁腕室内の潤滑油及びオイルミストの流通を円滑に保つ技術は同出願人により提案され公知となっている(特許文献1参照。)。また、一般に弁腕室内にはオイルミストが充満しており、主として該オイルミストにより弁腕室内の各所の潤滑を行っているが、常に十分な潤滑油が必要な個所、例えば弁腕のバルブ側とプッシュロッド側、つまり弁腕両端部と弁棒(バルブブリッジを有する場合はバルブブリッジ)上端並びにプッシュロッド上端との各連結部等である。これらの連結部には、弁腕の上面に弁腕中央部から弁腕両端部に至る油溝を形成し、弁腕軸内に形成された潤滑油路から溢れ出る潤滑油が前記油溝を伝って供給されるようにしている。
【0003】
【特許文献1】
特開2001−140620号公報
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、前記従来技術においては、弁腕軸内の潤滑油路を通って、弁腕上面にある潤滑油供給孔の出口から吐出された潤滑油は、該弁腕上面に形成された油溝を伝って弁腕両端部の各連結部へ供給されるのであるが、該潤滑油の全てが油溝を経て各連結部へ供給されることはなく、一部は弁腕短手方向両側等に流れ落ちていた。よって、その流れ落ちた分の潤滑油が無駄となり、また各連結部に十分な潤滑油が供給されず、潤滑性の低下を招くことがあった。そこで、本発明は、弁腕に形成される油溝の形状、及び、バルブブリッジの形状、また、弁腕室内の注油構造を工夫することによって弁腕室内の注油必要個所への潤滑性を向上しようとするものである。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の解決しようとする課題は以上の如くであり、次にこの課題を解決するための手段を説明する。
【0006】
エンジン(1)の弁腕室(5)内において、シリンダヘッド(2)に横架した弁腕軸(6)に弁腕(8)を揺動自在に枢支し、該弁腕(8)から潤滑油を供給する動弁機構の潤滑装置において、前記弁腕(8)上部に潤滑油供給孔(46)の出口部(46a)を設けて、該出口部(46a)に潤滑油溜り(36)を形成し、該潤滑油溜り(36)を弁腕(8)に形成した油溝(35)とを連通し、前記弁腕(8)の端部にバルブブリッジ(10)を配置し、該バルブブリッジ(10)の上面に、前記弁腕(8)の油溝(35)から流れ落ちてきた潤滑油を貯溜する潤滑油溜り(37)を形成し、該潤滑油溜り(37)と、該バルブブリッジ(10)とバルブガイド(13)との摺動部に潤滑油を供給する潤滑油孔(26)とを連通し、前記弁腕室(5)の上部に蓋体(40)を配置し、該蓋体(40)は弁腕室(5)を構成する弁腕室カバー(4)との間に空間(43)を形成し、前記シリンダヘッド(2)と弁腕室カバー(4)に穿設した潤滑油路(29・42)と、該弁腕室カバー(4)に形成した潤滑油路(42)の上端の出口部(42a)を連通し、前記蓋体(40)の一端を前記出口部(42a)の下方に配置し、前記空間(43)に前記出口部(42a)が臨むように配設し、該蓋体(40)には孔部(40a・・)を穿設し、該各孔部(40a・・)から垂れて、前記弁腕(8)とバルブブリッジ(10)に注油するものである。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
次に、発明の実施の形態を説明する。
【0008】
図1は本発明を適用したエンジンの部分断面側面図、図2は本発明に係る弁腕を示す平面図、図3は同じく側面図、図4は同じくA−A断面図、図5は同じくB−B断面図である。
【0009】
図6は本発明を適用した動弁機構の一実施例を示す側面一部断面図、図7は本発明を適用した動弁機構の別実施例を示す側面一部断面図、図8は同じく平面図、図9は蓋体を示す平面図、図10は従来の弁腕を示す平面図、図11は同じく側面図、図12は同じくA’−A’断面図、図13は同じくB’−B’断面図である。
【0010】
本発明に係るエンジンの動弁機構の構成について説明する。なお、本実施例におけるエンジンは、例えば3気筒に構成されており、気筒毎に2つの吸気弁及び排気弁が設けられている、所謂4弁式のエンジンである。図1は、本発明に係るエンジン1であり、シリンダヘッド2はシリンダブロック3の上面にボルト等により締結されており、前記シリンダヘッド2の上側には弁腕室カバー4を締結して覆うことにより弁腕室5を形成している。前記弁腕室5内には前記シリンダヘッド2の上部に弁腕軸6を横架し、回転不能かつ軸方向移動不能に固定されている。前記弁腕軸6には、弁腕8が揺動自在に支持されており、該弁腕8の一端部にプッシュロッド7の上端を挿通してアジャストねじ9により位置調整して固定されている。該弁腕8の他端部には上方から押圧する押圧部8aが形成され、該押圧部8aはバルブブリッジ10の上部略中央に形成された被押圧部15に当接させている。前記プッシュロッド7は、シリンダヘッド2に上下方向に形成したプッシュロッド挿通孔44を通って下方のクランクケース内へ延設され、タペット等を介してカム軸に連結している。
【0011】
図6に示すように、前記弁腕8の先端押圧部8aは、前記バルブブリッジ10の中央被押圧部15に上方から当接し、該バルブブリッジ10は、被押圧部15を頂部として山型(二等辺三角形状)に形成されており、該被押圧部15の鉛直方向下方には円柱状のバルブガイド13が挿入されるパイプ状のガイド部14が被押圧部15と一体的に形成されている。前記バルブブリッジ10の一端部には、上下方向にねじ孔19が開口され、該ねじ孔19に弁棒11上端に形成した調節ねじ11aが螺合している。該調節ねじ11aはロックナット22により所定の突出位置で固定されている。前記弁棒11の下部には弁体(バルブ)が形成されている。また、該バルブブリッジ10の他端部には、ねじ孔24が形成され、弁棒11の上端に形成したねじ部11bが螺装固定している。また、該バルブブリッジ10の調節ねじ11a側の上斜面部25には、後述する潤滑油溜り37が形成され、該潤滑油溜り37の底部から前記ガイド部14とバルブガイド13との摺動部へ連通された潤滑油孔26が形成されている。
【0012】
前記弁棒11の上部には、ばね受け座16が固定されるとともに筒状の受け具17が挿着されており、弁ばね18により前記弁棒11を上方に付勢することにより弁を閉じている。
【0013】
前記バルブガイド13は、断面視円形状のロッドで形成され、シリンダヘッド2に一体的に立設されるとともに、上部は前記バルブブリッジ10に設けられているガイド部14に軸方向に摺動自在に挿入されている。そして、該摺動部には前記潤滑油孔26から潤滑油が供給される。
【0014】
つまり、プッシュロッド7により前記弁腕8の他端部が押し上げられると、該弁腕8が弁腕軸6を中心としてシーソー状に揺動し、弁腕8の押圧部8aがバルブブリッジ10の被押圧部15を押し下げる。そして、この押し下げによりバルブブリッジ10が下降され、弁ばね18に抗して弁棒11・11が下降されて吸気弁(または排気弁)を開く構造となっている。このようにして、バルブブリッジ10はバルブガイド13の軸方向に沿って上下動する。
【0015】
次に、潤滑油の供給経路について図1を用いて説明する。弁腕室5内にはクランク室内で掻き上げられた潤滑油がオイルミストとして存在している。一方、オイルポンプ(図示せず)から圧送される潤滑油はシリンダブロック3内の潤滑油路を通ってシリンダヘッド2内の潤滑油路に供給され、軸支持脚31内の円錐形潤滑油路32で加圧された後、弁腕軸6内の潤滑油路33に供給される。該潤滑油路33内の潤滑油の一部は該潤滑油路33下端に形成された連通孔を通って弁腕軸6と軸支持脚31との嵌合部分を潤滑し、残りの潤滑油は各気筒の弁腕8内に形成された潤滑油供給孔46に流入し、前記オイルポンプの吐出圧及び前記円錐形潤滑油路32による加圧により潤滑油供給孔46の出口部46aから吐出され、弁腕8上面に形成された油溝35を伝って、バルブ側及びプッシュロッド側の各連結部に供給される。
【0016】
図10乃至図13に示すように、従来の弁腕108においては、弁腕軸106に該弁腕軸106と同軸方向に形成された潤滑油路133を経由した潤滑油は、該弁腕108の略長手方向中央部に前記潤滑油路133と垂直上方向に形成された潤滑油供給孔146を通って該潤滑油供給孔146の上方の出口部146aから吐出し、弁腕108の上面に該弁腕108両端へ向けて形成された油溝135a・135bを伝って、各連結部へと供給される。しかし、前記潤滑油供給孔146から吐出された潤滑油は、前記出口部146aから前記油溝135a・135bに流入する間や、過剰に供給された潤滑油が油溝135a・135bから溢れる場合等、弁腕108短手方向両側等へ流れ落ちてしまい、その分の潤滑油が潤滑個所の潤滑に生かされず、潤滑効率がよくなかった。
【0017】
そこで、本実施例では、図2乃至図5に示すように、潤滑油供給孔46の出口部46aに平面視略円状の窪みである潤滑油溜り36を形成し、油溝35と連通させ、前記弁腕8の上面に、該潤滑油溜り36と油溝35とを連なった一つの溝として形成している。このように潤滑油溜り36を形成し、油溝35と連通させたことによって、潤滑油供給孔46の出口部46aに吐出された潤滑油は、一旦該潤滑油溜り36に溜り、それから油溝35を伝って各連結部へ供給されるので、潤滑油が弁腕8の短手方向両側等に流れ落ちるのを防止でき、弁腕8の両端のバルブ側及びプッシュロッド側の各連結部の潤滑性が向上する。また、安定した潤滑油の注油量が確保できる。
【0018】
次に、本発明に係るバルブブリッジ10の一実施例について図6を用いて説明する。バルブブリッジ10の調節ねじ11a側の斜面部25には、従来から該バルブブリッジ10のガイド部14とバルブガイド13との摺動面に潤滑油を供給するため、潤滑油孔26が穿設されている。しかし、該潤滑油孔26を形成する際、バルブブリッジ10の斜面部25から直接キリ加工を実施することになり、このような直接キリ加工を施しただけの潤滑油孔26では、弁腕8から流れてきた潤滑油は、前記斜面部25を伝って下方へ流れていく量の方が多くなり、前記摺動面への潤滑油の供給が不十分になることがあった。
【0019】
そこで、本実施例では、前記斜面部25に潤滑油溜り37として窪みを形成し、該潤滑油溜り37と潤滑油孔26とを連通させている。このように、バルブブリッジ10の斜面部25に潤滑油溜り37を設けることにより、弁腕8から流れ落ちてきた潤滑油が、該斜面部25を伝わり、一旦潤滑油溜り37に貯溜され、それから、該潤滑油溜り37から溢れた潤滑油は下方の連結部へと供給され、潤滑油孔26へは常に一定量の潤滑油が供給されるので、バルブブリッジ10のガイド部14とバルブガイド13との摺動面の潤滑性が向上する。よって、該摺動面の焼付が防止でき、該摺動面に係る部品の耐久性の向上も図れる。
【0020】
続いて、本発明に係るバルブブリッジ10の別実施例として、バルブブリッジ10の形状を工夫することにより潤滑性を向上して、弁棒11の摺動部の摩耗を低減する構造について図7及び図8を用いて説明する。前述のように、バルブブリッジ10の一側には調節ねじ11aが設けられ、該調節ねじ11a側のバルブブリッジ10の上面には、補強を兼ねてリブ部38が設けられているが、該リブ部38はバルブ側へ下がる傾斜面としている。つまり、弁腕8とバルブブリッジ10とは平面視で「く」字状に曲げて配設されるので、リブ部38からそのまま流れ落ちるとバルブから離れた側へ多く落ちてしまう。そこで、リブ部38の上面を「く」状の内側(囲まれた側)へ下がる斜面とすることで、弁腕8から流れ落ちてきた潤滑油は、バルブブリッジ10のリブ部38上面を伝って該バルブブリッジ10の調節ねじ11a側及びバルブガイド13側に流れるようになり、潤滑性が向上するのである。また、バルブガイド13に設けていたキリ孔を省くこともできるようになる。また、本実施例では、図8に示すように、該バルブブリッジ10のリブ部38を厚さ方向について強度上差し支えない程度に調節ねじ11a側に行くにつれ先細り形状にして、バルブ側で流れ落ち易くしている。さらに、図7、図8に示すように、バルブブリッジ10に形成されている調節ねじ11aの軸心位置O1と、調節ねじ11aのボス部39の軸心位置O2とをバルブブリッジ10の長手方向に偏心させて構成している。こうして、ボス部39とリブ部38とのつなぎ部41において、傾斜または段差ができて、弁腕8から流れ落ちてきた潤滑油は、つなぎ部41よりバルブ側に分かれて落ちるようになり、潤滑性を向上することができる。
【0021】
バルブブリッジ10をこのような形状にすることにより、従来はバルブブリッジ10にドリル加工等で潤滑油孔を設けることによってバルブガイド13に潤滑油を供給していたが、このような油孔を設ける必要も無く、より多くの潤滑油をバルブブリッジ10の調節ねじ11a側へと供給することが可能となり、潤滑性が向上し、弁棒11の摩耗を低減することができる。
【0022】
また、図1に示すように、弁腕室5の上部には蓋体40が設けられている。該蓋体40は弁腕室カバー4との間に空間を形成して、潤滑油通路と連通して潤滑油を弁体上方まで導くものであり、前記シリンダブロック3、シリンダヘッド2、弁腕室カバー4と上方にそれぞれ潤滑油路3a・29・42が連通して形成され、弁腕室カバー4に形成した潤滑油路42の上端の出口部42aは弁腕室5の上部に開口されている。そして、前記蓋体40の一端が前記出口部42a下方に固定され、該蓋体40の他端は弁腕室カバー4の上面の他端から弁腕室5内部側下方に突設した取付部4aにボルト47等により取り付けられ、該蓋体40と弁腕室カバー4の上壁との間に空間43を形成して、該空間43に前記出口部42aが臨むように配設されている。そして、前記蓋体40は、図9に示すように、弁腕室カバー4の形状に合わせた平面視略長方形の板状部材であって、所定の位置に孔部40a・40a・・・が穿設されている。なお、該孔部40a・40a・・・の形状及び穿設される位置や数等は任意であり限定されるものではない。
【0023】
つまり、前記孔部40a・40a・・・は、潤滑油が必要な個所の上部に任意に設けられており、シリンダヘッド2内の潤滑油路29を上がってきた潤滑油は、弁腕室カバー4に形成された潤滑油路42にオイルポンプの圧力によって流入し、該潤滑油路42の出口部42aから吐出され、前記蓋体40と弁腕室カバー4の上壁との間の空間43に流れ落ち、前記各孔部40a・40a・・・から垂れて所定個所に注油する構造となっている。
【0024】
従来は弁腕軸6内に形成された潤滑油路を介して弁腕8上面から潤滑油を噴出させて飛ばしたり、油溝を介して垂らしたりしており、この場合、エンジンが低回転時は注油不足になり、各連結部において焼付きが生じ、部品の摩耗が大きくなっており、高回転時においては、逆に注油量が多くなり弁腕室5内のオイルミストが過剰になる等、注油量にムラが生じていた。しかし、このように、前記蓋体40を設けることにより、エンジンが低回転運転時においても潤滑油が弁腕室カバー4に形成された潤滑油路42から上がってきて、前記蓋体40の孔部40a・40a・・・から垂れることによって安定して潤滑油を供給することができる。つまり、エンジンの回転数に関わらず、一定の注油量が確保できる構造となっている。また、該蓋体40を弁腕室5の上部に設けることにより、該蓋体40が遮蔽板の役割を果たし、エンジン上面への放射音を低減でき、騒音防止効果も得ることができる。
【0025】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、以上のように構成したので、以下に示すような効果を奏する。
【0026】
エンジン(1)の弁腕室(5)内において、シリンダヘッド(2)に横架した弁腕軸(6)に弁腕(8)を揺動自在に枢支し、該弁腕(8)から潤滑油を供給する動弁機構の潤滑装置において、前記弁腕(8)上部に潤滑油供給孔(46)の出口部(46a)を設けて、該出口部(46a)に潤滑油溜り(36)を形成し、該潤滑油溜り(36)を弁腕(8)に形成した油溝(35)とを連通し、前記弁腕(8)の端部にバルブブリッジ(10)を配置したので、弁腕軸内に形成された潤滑油路から弁腕上面の潤滑油供給孔の出口部に吐出した潤滑油が弁腕上面に形成された油溝から流れ落ちるのを防止できる。
また、バルブ側及びプッシュロッド側への効率よく潤滑油供給が可能となるので、潤滑性の向上が図れる。また、潤滑油供給量の変動を抑制でき、動弁機構への安定した潤滑性を得ることができる。
【0027】
また、該バルブブリッジ(10)の上面に、前記弁腕(8)の油溝(35)から流れ落ちてきた潤滑油を貯溜する潤滑油溜り(37)を形成し、該潤滑油溜り(37)と、該バルブブリッジ(10)とバルブガイド(13)との摺動部に潤滑油を供給する潤滑油孔(26)とを連通したので、前記バルブガイドと前記バルブブリッジとの摺動面の潤滑性の向上が図れ、該バルブガイド及び該バルブブリッジの摺動面の摩耗及び焼付きを防止することができる。
【0028】
また、前記弁腕室(5)の上部に蓋体(40)を配置し、該蓋体(40)は弁腕室(5 )を構成する弁腕室カバー(4)との間に空間(43)を形成し、前記シリンダヘッド(2)と弁腕室カバー(4)に穿設した潤滑油路(29・42)と、該弁腕室カバー(4)に形成した潤滑油路(42)の上端の出口部(42a)を連通し、前記蓋体(40)の一端を前記出口部(42a)の下方に配置し、前記空間(43)に前記出口部(42a)が臨むように配設し、該蓋体(40)には孔部(40a・・)を穿設し、該各孔部(40a・・)から垂れて、前記弁腕(8)とバルブブリッジ(10)に注油するので、前記孔部40a・40a・・・は、潤滑油が必要な個所の上部に任意に設けられており、シリンダヘッド2内の潤滑油路29を上がってきた潤滑油は、弁腕室カバー4に形成された潤滑油路42にオイルポンプの圧力によって流入し、該潤滑油路42の出口部42aから吐出され、前記蓋体40と弁腕室カバー4の上壁との間の空間43に流れ落ち、前記各孔部40a・40a・・・から垂れて所定個所に注油することが可能となったのである。
【0029】
従来は、弁腕軸6内に形成された潤滑油路を介して弁腕8上面から潤滑油を噴出させて飛ばしたり、油溝を介して垂らしたりしており、この場合、エンジンが低回転時は注油不足になり、各連結部において焼付きが生じ、部品の摩耗が大きくなっており、高回転時においては、逆に注油量が多くなり弁腕室5内のオイルミストが過剰になる等、注油量にムラが生じていた。
しかし、本発明の如く、前記蓋体40を設けることにより、エンジンが低回転運転時においても潤滑油が弁腕室カバー4に形成された潤滑油路42から上がってきて、前記蓋体40の孔部40a・40a・・・から垂れることによって安定して潤滑油を供給することができる。つまり、エンジンの回転数に関わらず、一定の注油量が確保できる構造となったのである。
また、該蓋体40を弁腕室5の上部に設けることにより、該蓋体40が遮蔽板の役割を果たし、エンジン上面への放射音を低減でき、騒音防止効果も得ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明を適用したエンジンの部分断面側面図。
【図2】 本発明に係る弁腕を示す平面図。
【図3】 同じく側面図。
【図4】 同じくA−A断面図。
【図5】 同じくB−B断面図。
【図6】 本発明を適用した動弁機構の一実施例を示す側面一部断面図。
【図7】 本発明を適用した動弁機構の別実施例を示す側面一部断面図。
【図8】 同じく平面図。
【図9】 蓋体を示す平面図。
【図10】 従来の弁腕を示す平面図。
【図11】 同じく側面図。
【図12】 同じくA’−A’断面図。
【図13】 同じくB’−B’断面図。
【符号の説明】
1 エンジン
2 シリンダヘッド
6 弁腕軸
8 弁腕
10 バルブブリッジ
13 バルブガイド
26 潤滑油孔
35 油溝
36 潤滑油溜り
37 潤滑油溜り
38 リブ部
46 潤滑油供給孔
46a 出口部
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a lubrication structure for a valve operating mechanism that transmits power between an intake valve and an exhaust valve of an internal combustion engine (engine) and a camshaft.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a technique for maintaining smooth circulation of lubricating oil and oil mist in the valve arm chamber of an engine has been proposed and known by the applicant (see Patent Document 1). In general, the valve arm chamber is filled with oil mist, and the oil mist is mainly used to lubricate various parts of the valve arm chamber. However, there is always a need for sufficient lubricating oil, for example, on the valve side of the valve arm. And the push rod side, that is, the connecting portions of the both ends of the valve arm and the upper end of the valve rod (or the valve bridge if a valve bridge is provided) and the upper end of the push rod. In these connecting portions, an oil groove is formed on the upper surface of the valve arm from the central portion of the valve arm to both ends of the valve arm, and the lubricating oil overflowing from the lubricating oil passage formed in the valve arm shaft passes through the oil groove. To be supplied.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-140620
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the prior art , the lubricating oil discharged through the lubricating oil passage in the valve arm shaft and discharged from the outlet of the lubricating oil supply hole on the upper surface of the valve arm passes through the oil groove formed on the upper surface of the valve arm. It is transmitted to each connecting part at both ends of the valve arm, but all of the lubricating oil is not supplied to each connecting part via the oil groove, and some are on both sides of the valve arm in the short direction, etc. It was flowing down. Therefore, the lubricating oil corresponding to the flow-down is wasted, and sufficient lubricating oil is not supplied to each connecting portion, resulting in a decrease in lubricity. Therefore, the present invention improves the lubricity to the required oil location in the valve arm chamber by devising the shape of the oil groove formed in the valve arm, the shape of the valve bridge, and the lubrication structure in the valve arm chamber. It is something to try.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above. Next, means for solving the problem will be described.
[0006]
In the valve arm chamber (5) of the engine (1), the valve arm (8) is pivotally supported on the valve arm shaft (6) horizontally mounted on the cylinder head (2), and the valve arm (8) In the lubricating device of the valve mechanism for supplying the lubricating oil from the outlet, the outlet part (46a) of the lubricating oil supply hole (46) is provided in the upper part of the valve arm (8), and a lubricating oil reservoir (46a) is provided in the outlet part (46a). 36), the lubricating oil reservoir (36) communicates with an oil groove (35) formed in the valve arm (8), and a valve bridge (10) is disposed at the end of the valve arm (8). A lubricating oil reservoir (37) for storing lubricating oil flowing down from the oil groove (35) of the valve arm (8) is formed on the upper surface of the valve bridge (10), and the lubricating oil reservoir (37) The valve bridge (10) and the valve guide (13) communicate with a lubricating oil hole (26) for supplying lubricating oil to the sliding portion, and the valve A lid (40) is disposed on the upper part of the chamber (5), and the lid (40) forms a space (43) between the valve arm chamber cover (4) constituting the valve arm chamber (5). The lubricating oil passages (29, 42) formed in the cylinder head (2) and the valve arm chamber cover (4), and the outlet at the upper end of the lubricating oil passage (42) formed in the valve arm chamber cover (4) The portion (42a) is communicated, one end of the lid (40) is arranged below the outlet portion (42a), and the outlet portion (42a) faces the space (43). Holes (40a,...) Are drilled in the lid (40), hang from the holes (40a,...), And lubricate the valve arm (8) and the valve bridge (10). .
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, embodiments of the invention will be described.
[0008]
1 is a partial sectional side view of an engine to which the present invention is applied, FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a valve arm according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is a side view, FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line AA, and FIG. It is BB sectional drawing.
[0009]
FIG. 6 is a side sectional view showing an embodiment of a valve operating mechanism to which the present invention is applied, FIG. 7 is a side sectional view showing another embodiment of a valve operating mechanism to which the present invention is applied, and FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a lid, FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a conventional valve arm, FIG. 11 is a side view, FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view along A′-A ′, and FIG. It is -B 'sectional drawing.
[0010]
The configuration of the valve mechanism of the engine according to the present invention will be described. Note that the engine in the present embodiment is a so-called four-valve engine in which, for example, three cylinders are provided, and two intake valves and exhaust valves are provided for each cylinder. FIG. 1 shows an engine 1 according to the present invention. A cylinder head 2 is fastened to the upper surface of a cylinder block 3 with bolts or the like, and a valve arm chamber cover 4 is fastened and covered on the upper side of the cylinder head 2. Thus, the valve arm chamber 5 is formed. In the valve arm chamber 5, a valve arm shaft 6 is mounted on the upper part of the cylinder head 2, and is fixed so as not to rotate but to move in the axial direction. A valve arm 8 is swingably supported on the valve arm shaft 6, and the upper end of the push rod 7 is inserted into one end of the valve arm 8 and is fixed by adjusting the position with an adjustment screw 9. . A pressing portion 8 a that presses from above is formed at the other end of the valve arm 8, and the pressing portion 8 a is in contact with a pressed portion 15 that is formed at a substantially upper center of the valve bridge 10. The push rod 7 extends through the push rod insertion hole 44 formed in the vertical direction in the cylinder head 2 into the lower crankcase, and is connected to the camshaft via a tappet or the like.
[0011]
As shown in FIG. 6, the tip pressing portion 8a of the valve arm 8 abuts on the central pressed portion 15 of the valve bridge 10 from above, and the valve bridge 10 has a mountain shape with the pressed portion 15 as a top portion ( A pipe-shaped guide portion 14 into which a cylindrical valve guide 13 is inserted is formed integrally with the pressed portion 15 below the pressed portion 15 in the vertical direction. Yes. A screw hole 19 is opened in the vertical direction at one end of the valve bridge 10, and an adjusting screw 11 a formed on the upper end of the valve rod 11 is screwed into the screw hole 19. The adjusting screw 11 a is fixed at a predetermined protruding position by a lock nut 22. A valve body (valve) is formed below the valve stem 11. A screw hole 24 is formed at the other end of the valve bridge 10, and a screw portion 11 b formed at the upper end of the valve stem 11 is screwed and fixed. A lubricating oil reservoir 37, which will be described later, is formed on the upper slope portion 25 of the valve bridge 10 on the adjustment screw 11a side, and a sliding portion between the guide portion 14 and the valve guide 13 from the bottom of the lubricating oil reservoir 37. Lubricating oil hole 26 communicated with is formed.
[0012]
A spring receiving seat 16 is fixed to the upper portion of the valve stem 11 and a cylindrical receiving member 17 is inserted. The valve spring 18 biases the valve stem 11 upward to close the valve. ing.
[0013]
The valve guide 13 is formed of a rod having a circular shape in cross section, and is erected integrally with the cylinder head 2, and the upper portion is slidable in the axial direction on a guide portion 14 provided in the valve bridge 10. Has been inserted. The sliding portion is supplied with lubricating oil from the lubricating oil hole 26.
[0014]
That is, when the other end portion of the valve arm 8 is pushed up by the push rod 7, the valve arm 8 swings in a seesaw shape around the valve arm shaft 6, and the pressing portion 8 a of the valve arm 8 serves as the valve bridge 10. The pressed part 15 is pushed down. The valve bridge 10 is lowered by this depression, and the valve rods 11 and 11 are lowered against the valve spring 18 to open the intake valve (or exhaust valve). In this way, the valve bridge 10 moves up and down along the axial direction of the valve guide 13.
[0015]
Next, the lubricating oil supply path will be described with reference to FIG. In the valve arm chamber 5, lubricating oil scraped up in the crank chamber is present as oil mist. On the other hand, the lubricating oil pumped from an oil pump (not shown) is supplied to the lubricating oil passage in the cylinder head 2 through the lubricating oil passage in the cylinder block 3, and the conical lubricating oil passage in the shaft support leg 31. After being pressurized at 32, it is supplied to the lubricating oil passage 33 in the valve arm shaft 6. Part of the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil passage 33 lubricates the fitting portion between the valve arm shaft 6 and the shaft support leg 31 through a communication hole formed at the lower end of the lubricating oil passage 33, and the remaining lubricating oil Flows into the lubricating oil supply hole 46 formed in the valve arm 8 of each cylinder, and is discharged from the outlet 46a of the lubricating oil supply hole 46 by the discharge pressure of the oil pump and the pressurization by the conical lubricating oil passage 32. Then, the oil is supplied to each connecting portion on the valve side and push rod side through the oil groove 35 formed on the upper surface of the valve arm 8.
[0016]
As shown in FIGS. 10 to 13, in the conventional valve arm 108, the lubricating oil passing through the lubricating oil passage 133 formed on the valve arm shaft 106 in the same direction as the valve arm shaft 106 is supplied to the valve arm 108. Is discharged from an outlet portion 146a above the lubricating oil supply hole 146 through a lubricating oil supply hole 146 formed in a direction perpendicular to the lubricating oil passage 133 at a substantially central portion in the longitudinal direction of The oil is supplied to each connecting portion through oil grooves 135 a and 135 b formed toward both ends of the valve arm 108. However, the lubricating oil discharged from the lubricating oil supply hole 146 flows into the oil grooves 135a and 135b from the outlet 146a, or when excessively supplied lubricating oil overflows from the oil grooves 135a and 135b. The valve arm 108 flows down to both sides in the short direction, and the lubricating oil is not utilized for lubrication of the lubrication part, and the lubrication efficiency is not good.
[0017]
Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, a lubricating oil reservoir 36, which is a substantially circular depression in plan view, is formed at the outlet portion 46 a of the lubricating oil supply hole 46 and communicated with the oil groove 35. The lubricating oil reservoir 36 and the oil groove 35 are formed as a single groove on the upper surface of the valve arm 8. By forming the lubricating oil reservoir 36 and communicating with the oil groove 35 in this way, the lubricating oil discharged to the outlet 46a of the lubricating oil supply hole 46 temporarily accumulates in the lubricating oil reservoir 36, and then the oil groove. Since the oil is supplied to each connecting portion through 35, the lubricating oil can be prevented from flowing down to both sides of the valve arm 8 in the short direction, and lubrication of each connecting portion on both the valve side and the push rod side of the valve arm 8 is possible. Improves. In addition, a stable amount of lubricating oil can be secured.
[0018]
Next, an embodiment of the valve bridge 10 according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The inclined surface 25 on the adjustment screw 11a side of the valve bridge 10 is conventionally provided with a lubricating oil hole 26 for supplying lubricating oil to the sliding surface between the guide portion 14 and the valve guide 13 of the valve bridge 10. ing. However, when forming the lubricating oil hole 26, drilling is performed directly from the inclined surface portion 25 of the valve bridge 10. In the lubricating oil hole 26 that has been subjected to such direct drilling, the valve arm 8 is formed. The amount of the lubricating oil that has flowed from the upper portion of the lubricating oil flows downward along the slope portion 25, and the supply of the lubricating oil to the sliding surface may be insufficient.
[0019]
Therefore, in this embodiment, a depression is formed as the lubricating oil reservoir 37 in the inclined surface portion 25, and the lubricating oil reservoir 37 and the lubricating oil hole 26 are communicated. Thus, by providing the lubricating oil reservoir 37 on the inclined surface portion 25 of the valve bridge 10, the lubricating oil flowing down from the valve arm 8 is transmitted through the inclined surface portion 25 and once stored in the lubricating oil reservoir 37. Lubricating oil overflowing from the lubricating oil reservoir 37 is supplied to the lower connecting portion, and since a certain amount of lubricating oil is always supplied to the lubricating oil hole 26, the guide portion 14 and the valve guide 13 of the valve bridge 10 The lubricity of the sliding surface is improved. Therefore, seizure of the sliding surface can be prevented, and the durability of the parts related to the sliding surface can be improved.
[0020]
Subsequently, as another embodiment of the valve bridge 10 according to the present invention, a structure for improving the lubricity by devising the shape of the valve bridge 10 and reducing the wear of the sliding portion of the valve stem 11 is shown in FIG. This will be described with reference to FIG. As described above, the adjustment screw 11a is provided on one side of the valve bridge 10, and the rib portion 38 is provided on the upper surface of the valve bridge 10 on the adjustment screw 11a side to serve as a reinforcement. The portion 38 is an inclined surface that goes down to the valve side. That is, since the valve arm 8 and the valve bridge 10 are bent and arranged in a “<” shape in a plan view, if they flow from the rib portion 38 as they are, they often fall to the side away from the valve. Therefore, by making the upper surface of the rib portion 38 an inclined surface that goes down to the inner side (enclosed side) of the shape, the lubricating oil that has flowed down from the valve arm 8 travels along the upper surface of the rib portion 38 of the valve bridge 10. It flows to the adjustment screw 11a side and the valve guide 13 side of the valve bridge 10, thereby improving the lubricity. Further, the drill hole provided in the valve guide 13 can be omitted. Further, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, the rib portion 38 of the valve bridge 10 is tapered to the adjustment screw 11a side to the extent that the strength in the thickness direction is not adversely affected, so that it easily flows down on the valve side. is doing. Further, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the axial position O1 of the adjusting screw 11a formed in the valve bridge 10 and the axial position O2 of the boss 39 of the adjusting screw 11a are set in the longitudinal direction of the valve bridge 10. It is configured to be eccentric. In this way, at the joint portion 41 between the boss portion 39 and the rib portion 38, an inclination or a step is formed, and the lubricating oil that has flowed down from the valve arm 8 comes to be separated from the joint portion 41 toward the valve side and falls down. Can be improved.
[0021]
By forming the valve bridge 10 in such a shape, conventionally, the lubricating oil was supplied to the valve guide 13 by providing a lubricating oil hole in the valve bridge 10 by drilling or the like. However, such an oil hole is provided. There is no need, and it becomes possible to supply more lubricating oil to the adjustment screw 11a side of the valve bridge 10, improving lubricity and reducing wear of the valve stem 11.
[0022]
Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a lid 40 is provided on the upper portion of the valve arm chamber 5. The lid 40 forms a space between the valve arm chamber cover 4 and communicates with the lubricating oil passage to guide the lubricating oil to the upper side of the valve body. The cylinder block 3, the cylinder head 2, the valve arm Lubricating oil passages 3 a, 29, and 42 are formed in communication with the chamber cover 4 and above, respectively, and an outlet 42 a at the upper end of the lubricating oil passage 42 formed in the valve arm chamber cover 4 is opened above the valve arm chamber 5. ing. One end of the lid body 40 is fixed below the outlet portion 42 a, and the other end of the lid body 40 projects from the other end of the upper surface of the valve arm chamber cover 4 to the lower side inside the valve arm chamber 5. 4a is attached with a bolt 47 or the like, and a space 43 is formed between the lid 40 and the upper wall of the valve arm chamber cover 4 so that the outlet portion 42a faces the space 43. . As shown in FIG. 9, the lid body 40 is a plate-like member having a substantially rectangular shape in plan view that matches the shape of the valve arm chamber cover 4, and has holes 40a, 40a,. It has been drilled. It should be noted that the shape of the holes 40a, 40a, etc., the positions and the number of holes to be drilled are arbitrary and are not limited.
[0023]
In other words, the holes 40a, 40a,... Are arbitrarily provided in the upper part of the portion where the lubricating oil is required, and the lubricating oil that has gone up the lubricating oil passage 29 in the cylinder head 2 4 flows into the lubricating oil passage 42 formed by the pressure of the oil pump, is discharged from the outlet 42 a of the lubricating oil passage 42, and is a space 43 between the lid 40 and the upper wall of the valve arm chamber cover 4. , And drops from each of the holes 40a, 40a... And lubricates a predetermined portion.
[0024]
Conventionally, the lubricating oil is blown off from the upper surface of the valve arm 8 through a lubricating oil passage formed in the valve arm shaft 6 or is dropped through an oil groove. Becomes insufficient in lubrication, seizure occurs at each connecting part, and wear of parts increases. Conversely, at high speed, the amount of lubrication increases and the oil mist in the valve arm chamber 5 becomes excessive. There was unevenness in the amount of lubrication. However, by providing the lid 40 as described above, the lubricating oil rises from the lubricating oil passage 42 formed in the valve arm chamber cover 4 even when the engine operates at a low speed, and the hole of the lid 40 is Lubricating oil can be stably supplied by dripping from the parts 40a, 40a. That is, it has a structure that can ensure a certain amount of oiling regardless of the engine speed. Further, by providing the lid 40 on the upper part of the valve arm chamber 5, the lid 40 serves as a shielding plate, so that the sound emitted to the upper surface of the engine can be reduced and the noise prevention effect can be obtained.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained.
[0026]
In the valve arm chamber (5) of the engine (1), the valve arm (8) is pivotally supported on the valve arm shaft (6) horizontally mounted on the cylinder head (2), and the valve arm (8) In the lubricating device of the valve mechanism for supplying the lubricating oil from the outlet, the outlet part (46a) of the lubricating oil supply hole (46) is provided in the upper part of the valve arm (8), and a lubricating oil reservoir (46a) is provided in the outlet part (46a). 36), the lubricating oil reservoir (36) is communicated with an oil groove (35) formed in the valve arm (8), and a valve bridge (10) is disposed at the end of the valve arm (8). Therefore, it is possible to prevent the lubricating oil discharged from the lubricating oil passage formed in the valve arm shaft to the outlet of the lubricating oil supply hole on the upper surface of the valve arm from flowing down from the oil groove formed on the upper surface of the valve arm.
Further, since the lubricating oil can be efficiently supplied to the valve side and the push rod side, the lubricity can be improved. Moreover, the fluctuation | variation of lubricating oil supply amount can be suppressed and the stable lubricity to a valve operating mechanism can be acquired.
[0027]
Further, a lubricating oil reservoir (37) for storing lubricating oil flowing down from the oil groove (35) of the valve arm (8) is formed on the upper surface of the valve bridge (10) , and the lubricating oil reservoir (37) is formed. And a lubricating oil hole (26) for supplying lubricating oil to the sliding portion between the valve bridge (10) and the valve guide (13) , the sliding surface of the valve guide and the valve bridge Lubricity can be improved, and wear and seizure of the sliding surfaces of the valve guide and the valve bridge can be prevented.
[0028]
Further , a lid body (40) is disposed on the upper part of the valve arm chamber (5), and the lid body (40) is a space between the valve arm chamber cover (4) constituting the valve arm chamber (5) ( 43), a lubricating oil passage (29, 42) formed in the cylinder head (2) and the valve arm chamber cover (4), and a lubricating oil passage (42) formed in the valve arm chamber cover (4). ) Is communicated with the outlet portion (42a) at the upper end, and one end of the lid (40) is disposed below the outlet portion (42a) so that the outlet portion (42a) faces the space (43). The cover body (40) is provided with holes (40a,...) And is hung from the holes (40a,...) To the valve arm (8) and the valve bridge (10). The holes 40a, 40a,... Are arbitrarily provided in the upper portion of the portion where the lubricating oil is required, and the lubricating oil passage 29 in the cylinder head 2 is located above the lubricating oil passage 29. The coming lubricating oil flows into the lubricating oil passage 42 formed in the valve arm chamber cover 4 by the pressure of the oil pump, is discharged from the outlet portion 42a of the lubricating oil passage 42, and the lid 40 and the valve arm. It flowed down to the space 43 between the upper wall of the chamber cover 4 and dropped from the holes 40a, 40a,.
[0029]
Conventionally, the lubricating oil is blown out from the upper surface of the valve arm 8 through the lubricating oil passage formed in the valve arm shaft 6 or is dropped through the oil groove. At that time, the lubrication is insufficient, seizure occurs at each connecting part, and the wear of parts is increased. Conversely, at the time of high rotation, the amount of lubrication increases and the oil mist in the valve arm chamber 5 becomes excessive. As a result, the amount of lubrication was uneven.
However, by providing the lid 40 as in the present invention, the lubricating oil rises from the lubricating oil passage 42 formed in the valve arm chamber cover 4 even when the engine is operating at a low speed, and the lid 40 Lubricating oil can be stably supplied by dripping from the holes 40a, 40a. In other words, regardless of the rotational speed of the engine, Ru Nodea that a structure in which a constant lubrication amount can be secured.
Further, by providing the lid 40 on the upper part of the valve arm chamber 5, the lid 40 serves as a shielding plate, so that the sound emitted to the upper surface of the engine can be reduced and the noise prevention effect can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional side view of an engine to which the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a valve arm according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a side view of the same.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB.
FIG. 6 is a side sectional view showing one embodiment of a valve operating mechanism to which the present invention is applied.
FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional side view showing another embodiment of the valve operating mechanism to which the present invention is applied.
FIG. 8 is also a plan view.
FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a lid.
FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a conventional valve arm.
FIG. 11 is a side view of the same.
FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along the line A′-A ′.
FIG. 13 is a sectional view taken along the line B′-B ′.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Engine 2 Cylinder head 6 Valve arm axis | shaft 8 Valve arm 10 Valve bridge 13 Valve guide 26 Lubricant oil hole 35 Oil groove 36 Lubricant oil reservoir 37 Lubricant oil reservoir 38 Rib part 46 Lubricant oil supply hole 46a Outlet part

Claims (1)

エンジン(1)の弁腕室(5)内において、シリンダヘッド(2)に横架した弁腕軸(6)に弁腕(8)を揺動自在に枢支し、該弁腕(8)から潤滑油を供給する動弁機構の潤滑装置において、前記弁腕(8)上部に潤滑油供給孔(46)の出口部(46a)を設けて、該出口部(46a)に潤滑油溜り(36)を形成し、該潤滑油溜り(36)を弁腕(8)に形成した油溝(35)とを連通し、前記弁腕(8)の端部にバルブブリッジ(10)を配置し、該バルブブリッジ(10)の上面に、前記弁腕(8)の油溝(35)から流れ落ちてきた潤滑油を貯溜する潤滑油溜り(37)を形成し、該潤滑油溜り(37)と、該バルブブリッジ(10)とバルブガイド(13)との摺動部に潤滑油を供給する潤滑油孔(26)とを連通し、前記弁腕室(5)の上部に蓋体(40)を配置し、該蓋体(40)は弁腕室(5)を構成する弁腕室カバー(4)との間に空間(43)を形成し、前記シリンダヘッド(2)と弁腕室カバー(4)に穿設した潤滑油路(29・42)と、該弁腕室カバー(4)に形成した潤滑油路(42)の上端の出口部(42a)を連通し、前記蓋体(40)の一端を前記出口部(42a)の下方に配置し、前記空間(43)に前記出口部(42a)が臨むように配設し、該蓋体(40)には孔部(40a・・)を穿設し、該各孔部(40a・・)から垂れて、前記弁腕(8)とバルブブリッジ(10)に注油することを特徴とする動弁機構の潤滑装置。 In the valve arm chamber (5) of the engine (1), the valve arm (8) is pivotally supported on the valve arm shaft (6) horizontally mounted on the cylinder head (2), and the valve arm (8) In the lubricating device of the valve mechanism for supplying the lubricating oil from the outlet, the outlet part (46a) of the lubricating oil supply hole (46) is provided in the upper part of the valve arm (8), and a lubricating oil reservoir (46a) is provided in the outlet part (46a). 36), the lubricating oil reservoir (36) communicates with an oil groove (35) formed in the valve arm (8), and a valve bridge (10) is disposed at the end of the valve arm (8). A lubricating oil reservoir (37) for storing lubricating oil flowing down from the oil groove (35) of the valve arm (8) is formed on the upper surface of the valve bridge (10), and the lubricating oil reservoir (37) The valve bridge (10) and the valve guide (13) communicate with a lubricating oil hole (26) for supplying lubricating oil to the sliding portion, and the valve A lid (40) is disposed on the upper part of the chamber (5), and the lid (40) forms a space (43) between the valve arm chamber cover (4) constituting the valve arm chamber (5). The lubricating oil passages (29, 42) formed in the cylinder head (2) and the valve arm chamber cover (4), and the outlet at the upper end of the lubricating oil passage (42) formed in the valve arm chamber cover (4) The portion (42a) is communicated, one end of the lid (40) is arranged below the outlet portion (42a), and the outlet portion (42a) faces the space (43). The lid (40) has holes (40a,...), Hangs down from the holes (40a,...), And lubricates the valve arm (8) and the valve bridge (10). A lubrication device for a valve mechanism.
JP2002304691A 2002-10-18 2002-10-18 Lubricator for valve mechanism Expired - Fee Related JP4038111B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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JP4038111B2 true JP4038111B2 (en) 2008-01-23

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JP2009047046A (en) * 2007-08-17 2009-03-05 Hitachi Ltd Valve gear of internal combustion engine
JP2009215939A (en) * 2008-03-10 2009-09-24 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd Valve stem end lubricating structure
JP5241533B2 (en) * 2009-01-19 2013-07-17 株式会社オティックス Rocker arm
JP5322250B2 (en) * 2012-06-04 2013-10-23 富士重工業株式会社 Valve shaft end lubrication structure
JP2020109271A (en) * 2018-12-31 2020-07-16 株式会社クボタ engine
JP7232148B2 (en) * 2019-07-30 2023-03-02 株式会社クボタ engine valve train
JP7307675B2 (en) * 2019-12-31 2023-07-12 株式会社クボタ industrial engine

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