JP4035715B2 - Accompaniment generation apparatus and accompaniment generation program - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an accompaniment generating apparatus and an accompaniment generating program suitable for use in an automatic accompaniment apparatus.
[0002]
[Prior art]
It is known that an automatic accompaniment apparatus includes an accompaniment generation apparatus that converts the pitch of each sound constituting an accompaniment pattern according to an input chord. The accompaniment generation apparatus normally uses each chord of an accompaniment pattern described in association with a reference chord (for example, C major) or a key (for example, C) as the root (root tone) and type (chord type) of the input chord. The first conventional technique for converting the pitch according to the above or the second conventional technique for converting the pitch according to the function of the key (key) and the input code (evaluating the route with the key) and the type is used. There are many cases.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, the first prior art described above shifts the pitch of the accompaniment pattern based on the result of adding the root of the input chord to the pitch correction value determined by the type of the input chord and the pitch of the accompaniment pattern. On the other hand, the second prior art shifts the pitch of the accompaniment pattern based on the result of adding the key to the pitch correction value determined by the function and type of the input code and the pitch of the accompaniment pattern. It has become. For this reason, in the first prior art, the change in the route directly changes the pitch of the accompaniment sound, while in the second conventional technique, the change in the key directly changes the pitch of the accompaniment sound. There is a possibility that the pitch of the accompaniment sound changes suddenly due to the change of the sound and the accompanying modulation, and an unnatural accompaniment sound is generated.
Accordingly, a first object of the present invention is to provide an accompaniment generation apparatus and an accompaniment generation method capable of preventing the generation of an unnatural accompaniment sound by switching input codes.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 provides: Storage means for storing accompaniment pattern data composed of a plurality of note data having pronunciation timing and pitch, and chord progression data composed of a plurality of chord data composed of input timing, route and type, and a value in an initial state The accumulated counter to be cleared and the note data constituting the accompaniment pattern data are read from the storage means in accordance with the corresponding sounding timing, and the chord data constituting the chord progression data is read from the storage means. And a pitch for calculating the pitch between the pitch of the read note data and the root of the chord data read at this time each time the note data is read by the reading means. Difference calculation means and sound calculated by the pitch difference calculation means And based on the type of the chord being read, the pitch of the read note data is set to the chord constituent sound or chord scale sound of the read chord data close to the pitch. A pitch correction value output means for outputting the pitch correction value of the sound, and the read accompaniment based on the pitch correction value output from the pitch correction value output means and the value stored in the accumulation counter. A shift means for shifting the pitch of the pattern; and after the pitch is shifted by the shift means, the output pitch correction value is added to the value stored in the accumulation counter, whereby the accumulation counter An accumulation means for updating the value of It is characterized by comprising.
[0012]
Claim 2 In the invention described in Storage means for storing accompaniment pattern data composed of a plurality of note data having pronunciation timing and pitch, and chord progression data composed of a plurality of chord data composed of input timing, route and type, and input pitch An accompaniment generating program applied to a device having table means for outputting a pitch correction value based on a chord type and an accumulating counter whose value is cleared in an initial state. The note data constituting the pattern data is read according to the corresponding sounding timing, and the reading function for reading out the chord data constituting the chord progression data from the storage means according to the corresponding input timing, and the note data is read out Every time, the pitch of the read note data and this point Based on the pitch difference calculation function for calculating the pitch of the read chord data root, the calculated pitch, and the type of the chord read, the sound of the read note data A pitch correction value output function for outputting a pitch correction value from the table means for setting the pitch to be a chord constituent sound or chord scale sound of the read chord data close to the pitch, and this output A shift function for shifting the pitch of the read accompaniment pattern based on the pitch correction value and the value stored in the accumulation counter When, After this pitch shift, the computer implements an accumulation function that updates the value of the accumulated counter by adding the output pitch correction value to the value stored in the accumulated counter. Make It is characterized by that.
[0014]
In the present invention, the chord corresponding to each accompaniment sound of the accompaniment pattern is detected, and the pitch of the accompaniment sound is adjusted so as to be the pitch of the detection chord or chord scale sound close to the pitch of the accompaniment sound. Convert, Alternatively, a pitch correction value corresponding to the pitch of the accompaniment sound name and the root of the detection code and the type of the detection code is generated, and the pitch of the accompaniment sound is shifted based on this pitch correction value. Because it converts As in the prior art, changes in the root and keys do not change the pitch of the accompaniment sound as it is, and it is possible to prevent the occurrence of an unnatural accompaniment sound due to switching of the input chord and the accompanying modulation.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an accompaniment generating device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described as an example, and this will be described with reference to the drawings.
A. First embodiment
(1) Configuration
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the first embodiment according to the present invention. In this figure, 1 is a device panel such as a selection switch for selecting an accompaniment pattern or chord progression pattern, an accompaniment generation switch for instructing start of accompaniment generation (described later), or a start / stop switch for instructing start / stop of automatic accompaniment. And a switch event corresponding to the operated switch. Reference numeral 2 denotes a display unit that displays a setting state and an operation state of each unit of the apparatus in accordance with a display control signal supplied from a CPU 3 to be described later.
[0018]
A CPU 3 controls each part of the apparatus, and its characteristic operation will be described later. A ROM 4 stores various control programs loaded on the CPU 3. A data ROM 5 stores a plurality of types of accompaniment pattern data APD, chord progression data CPD, and a pitch change table PCT.
The accompaniment pattern data APD is composed of note data representing accompaniment sounds for a predetermined measure corresponding to C major. An example is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, each piece of note data melody [0] to [44] is formed from a sounding timing, a pitch, a volume, and a tone length each represented by an elapsed time from the previous event (note). An end code (FFFFh) indicating the end of the pattern is provided at the end of the accompaniment pattern data APD.
[0019]
The chord progression data CPD is obtained by storing chord data chord in the chord progression order. As shown in the example shown in FIG. 3, each of the chord data chords [0] to [10] is formed from an input (sound generation) timing, a route, and a type expressed by an elapsed time from the previous chord input time point. A termination code (FFFFh) is provided at the end.
[0020]
The pitch change table PCT is based on the difference (number of semitones) between the pitch pitch in the accompaniment pattern corresponding to the input chord and the root root of the input chord according to the input chord type ctype read from the chord progression data CPD. FIG. 4 shows a table for reading a fixed pitch correction value pctab, an example of which is shown in FIG.
In the pitch change table PCT shown in FIG. 4, for example, if the type is major MAJ, the pitch pitch is set according to the 12 remainder value of the difference (absolute value) between the pitch pitch and the root root in the accompaniment pattern. A pitch correction value pctab to be collected into chord constituent sounds having a semitone number “0 (root tone)”, a semitone number “4 (long 3 °)”, and a semitone number “7 (completely 5 °)” is registered. The pitch of each note data of the accompaniment pattern data APD is shifted by the pitch correction value pctab read from the pitch change table PCT.
[0021]
Next, the configuration of the embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 1 again. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 6 denotes a RAM having a data area in addition to a work area for temporarily storing various register / flag data. The data area of the RAM 6 stores accompaniment pattern data APD that has been pitch-converted using the pitch change table PCT described above. Reference numeral 7 denotes a sound source configured by a well-known waveform memory reading method, and generates an accompaniment sound corresponding to the accompaniment pattern data APD stored in the data area of the RAM 6 under the instruction of the CPU 3. Reference numeral 8 denotes a sound system in which an accompaniment sound generated by the sound source 7 is D / A converted into an analog musical tone signal and then amplified and emitted from a speaker.
[0022]
(2) Operation
Next, the operation of the first embodiment having the above configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. In the following, the “main routine operation” will be described first as an outline operation, and then each of the “accompaniment generation processing” and “chord detection processing” related to the gist of the present invention will be described.
[0023]
(1) Main routine operation (schematic operation)
When the power is turned on in this embodiment, the CPU 3 loads a predetermined control program from the ROM 4, executes the main routine shown in FIG. 5, and advances the process to step SA1. In step SA1, various registers and flags provided in the RAM 6 are reset, and initialization for instructing the sound source 7 to initialize various registers and flags is executed. After the initialization is completed, the CPU 3 advances the processing to the next step SA2, and scans the panel switch 1 in order to determine whether or not the switch is operated. In steps SA3 to SA8, processing corresponding to the switch event type detected by switch scanning is executed. In the following, the operation will be described separately when “input instruction event”, “generation instruction event”, and “reproduction instruction event” are detected.
[0024]
(B) For input instruction events
When an input instruction event is detected in response to the operation of the selection switch, the determination result in step SA3 is “YES”, the process proceeds to step SA6, and the selected accompaniment pattern data APD is transferred from the data ROM 5 to the data area of the RAM 6. Or input processing such as register setting the read address of the selected chord progression data CPD.
[0025]
(B) For generation instruction events
When a generation instruction event is detected in accordance with the operation of the accompaniment generation switch, the determination result in step SA4 is “YES”, and the flow proceeds to step SA7, where accompaniment generation processing is executed. In this accompaniment generation process, each note data in the accompaniment pattern data APD selected in the input instruction event according to the chord progression data CPD selected in the input instruction event and the pitch change table PCT described above. As a result, the accompaniment sound matched with the chord progression data CPD, that is, the new accompaniment pattern data APD is generated so that an unnatural accompaniment sound is not generated by the chord change. The details will be described later.
[0026]
(C) For a playback instruction event
When a playback instruction event indicating the start of automatic accompaniment is detected in response to the operation of the start / stop switch, the determination result in step SA5 becomes “YES”, and the process proceeds to step SA8, where a new one generated in the accompaniment generation process is performed. Accompaniment reproduction processing for reproducing accompaniment sounds according to the accompaniment pattern data APD is executed.
If the panel switch 1 is not operated and none of the above-described events occurs, the determination results in steps SA3 to SA5 are “NO”, the process returns to step SA2, and any event is performed thereafter. Steps SA2 to SA5 are repeated until.
[0027]
(2) Accompaniment generation process
Next, the operation of the accompaniment generation process will be described with reference to FIG. When the accompaniment generation process is executed through step SA7 (see FIG. 5) described above, the CPU 3 advances the process to step SB1 in FIG. 6, and resets the pointer nptr and the counter ntime to zero. Here, the pointer nptr temporarily stores a read address of accompaniment pattern data APD (see FIG. 2) selected by the above-described input instruction event. The counter ntime accumulates the sound generation timings included in the note data of the accompaniment pattern data APD, and generates an elapsed time from the accompaniment start time (hereinafter referred to as accompaniment progression time).
[0028]
After resetting the pointer nptr and the counter ntime to zero, the CPU 3 proceeds to step SB2, and whether the content melody [nptr + 1] read from the accompaniment pattern data APD according to the address (nptr + 1) one ahead of the pointer nptr is the termination code That is, it is determined whether the end of the pattern has been reached. If it is the pattern end, the determination result is “YES”, and this process is completed. If the pattern end is not reached, the determination result is “NO”, and the process proceeds to the next step SB3.
In step SB3, the pitch (melody [nptr + 1]) in the note data read from the accompaniment pattern data APD is stored in the register pitch. Hereinafter, the content of the register pitch is referred to as a pitch pitch.
[0029]
Next, in step SB4, a code detection process is executed, and the process proceeds to step SB4-1 shown in FIG. In step SB4-1, the pointer cptr and the counter ctime are each reset to zero. Here, the pointer cptr temporarily stores the read address of the chord progression data CPD (see FIG. 3) selected by the above-described input instruction event. The counter ctime accumulates the sounding timing of the chord progression data CPD and generates an elapsed time from the chord progression start time (hereinafter referred to as chord progression time). In step SB4-2, it is determined whether or not the code data chord [cptr + 1] read from the chord progression data CPD according to the address (cptr + 1) one ahead of the pointer cptr is a termination code, that is, whether the data end has been reached. to decide.
[0030]
If the end of data has not been reached, the determination result is “NO”, and the flow advances to the next Step SB4-3. In step SB4-3, chord progression is performed by accumulating the chord data chord [cptr] read from the chord progression data CPD according to the pointer cptr, that is, the sounding timing represented by the elapsed time from the previous chord input time to the counter ctime. Calculate time.
Next, in step SB4-4, it is determined whether or not the calculated chord progression time has exceeded the accompaniment progression time stored in the counter ntime. If the chord progression time does not exceed the accompaniment progression time, the determination result is “NO”, and the flow proceeds to step SB4-5. In step SB4-5, "3" is added to the pointer cptr to advance the pointer cptr so as to read the next code data chord, and then the process returns to step SB4-2 again.
[0031]
As described above, in steps SB4-2 to SB4-5, the chord progression time exceeding the accompaniment progression time is searched, and if chord data chord satisfying the condition is found, the determination result in step SB4-4 becomes “YES”. In step SB4-6, the route chord [cptr-2] and the type chord [cptr-1] in the code data chord immediately before the retrieved code data chord are extracted and stored in the registers root and ctype, respectively. To do.
If the end of the chord progression data CPD is reached in the process of searching for the chord progression time exceeding the accompaniment progression time, the determination result in step SB4-2 is “YES”, and the flow proceeds to step SB4-6. The root chord [cptr-2] in the code data chord immediately before the data end is stored in the register root, and the type chord [cptr-1] is stored in the register ctype. Hereinafter, the contents of the registers “croot” and “ctype” will be referred to as “root root” and “type ctype”, respectively.
[0032]
When the root route and the type ctype of the chord corresponding to the note data read from the accompaniment pattern data APD are detected in this way, the CPU 3 advances the process to step SB5 in FIG. In step SB5, a table argument index (ctype, | pitch-croat | mod 12) for reading out the corresponding pitch correction value pctab from the above-described pitch change table PCT (see FIG. 4) based on the detected route root and type ctype. Ask. Here, ctype is the detected type, and | pitch-croat | mod 12 is the 12 remainder value of the difference (absolute value) between the pitch pitch of the note data read from the accompaniment pattern data APD and the root root.
[0033]
In step SB6, the pitch correction value pctab [index] read from the pitch change table PCT according to the table argument index is added to the pitch pitch to convert the pitch. Next, in step SB7, the sound generation timing melody [nptr] read from the accompaniment pattern data APD in accordance with the pointer nptr is stored in the data area new [nptr] of the RAM 6, and the pitch pitch converted into the pitch is stored in the data area of the RAM 6. stored in new [nptr + 1]. Further, the volume melodies [nptr + 2] read from the accompaniment pattern data APD in accordance with the address (nptr + 2) two ahead of the pointer nptr is stored in the data area new [nptr + 2] of the RAM 6, and the three ahead addresses (nptr + 2) of the pointer nptr ( The tone length melody [nptr + 3] read from the accompaniment pattern data APD according to nptr + 3) is stored in the data area new [nptr + 3] of the RAM 6.
[0034]
When the note data whose pitch has been converted as described above is stored in the data area of the RAM 6 as new accompaniment pattern data APD, the CPU 3 advances the process to step SB8 and performs pitch conversion on the next note data. In order to perform this, the pointer is updated by adding “4” to the pointer nptr, and in the subsequent step SB9, the sound generation timing melody [nptr] read from the accompaniment pattern data APD is accumulated in the counter ntime in accordance with the updated pointer nptr. Then, the accompaniment progression time representing the elapsed time from the accompaniment start time is updated.
Then, the processing is returned to the above-described step SB2, and thereafter, steps SB2 to SB9 are repeated until the pattern end of the accompaniment pattern data APD is reached, and the pitch pitch of each note data in the accompaniment pattern data APD is made to correspond to the chord progression. The new accompaniment pattern data APD obtained by converting the pitch is registered in the data area of the RAM 6, and when the end of the pattern is reached, the determination result in step SB2 is “YES”, and this processing is completed.
[0035]
Therefore, as shown in the score of FIG. 8A, when the accompaniment pattern data APD shown in FIG. 2 is subjected to accompaniment generation processing in accordance with the chord progression data CPD shown in FIG. The pitch is converted into an accompaniment pattern expressed in the score.
That is, according to the present embodiment, the original pitch of the accompaniment pattern among the chord constituent sounds having the root root of the chord chord as the root note corresponding to the chord chord type ctype input according to the chord progression data CPD. Since the pitch pitch of each note data in the accompaniment pattern is shifted so that the pitch is close to the pitch, it becomes possible to prevent the occurrence of an unnatural accompaniment sound by switching the input chord.
[0036]
In the present embodiment, in accordance with the input chord type ctype, the accompaniment is made so that the pitch is close to the original pitch pitch of the accompaniment pattern among the chord constituent sounds rooted in the root root of the input chord. The pitch change table PCT for reading the pitch correction value pctab for shifting the pitch pitch of each note data in the pattern is used. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the pitch change table PCT2 having the table contents shown in FIG. 9 is used. It does not matter as a form to do.
When the pitch change table PCT2 is used, the pitch pitch of each note data in the accompaniment pattern includes a non-harmonic sound (for example, a tension note) other than a chord constituent sound whose root is the root root of the input chord. Since the pitch can be converted to any chord scale sound, a more preferable accompaniment sound can be generated.
[0037]
(3) Modification
In the above-described embodiment, there is no possibility that an unnatural accompaniment sound is generated by switching the input chord. However, depending on the contents of the accompaniment pattern data APD, the same pitch may overlap or continue and the character of the chord It may happen that the accompaniment line becomes undefined. Therefore, in the modification, accompaniment generation processing for avoiding such harmful effects will be described with reference to FIG.
Similar to the above-described embodiment, when the accompaniment generation process according to the modified example is executed via step SA7 of the main routine illustrated in FIG. 5, the CPU 3 advances the process to step SC1 in FIG. 10, and performs the pointer nptr, the counter ntime, The counter otime and the register dev are each reset to zero and initialized.
[0038]
Here, the pointer nptr temporarily stores a read address of accompaniment pattern data APD (see FIG. 2) selected by the input instruction described above. The counter ntime accumulates the sound generation timings included in the note data of the accompaniment pattern data APD, and generates an elapsed time from the accompaniment start time (hereinafter referred to as accompaniment progression time). The counter otime is used to detect the elapsed timing for each measure. The register dev temporarily stores a pitch correction accumulated value obtained by accumulating the pitch correction value pctab for each measure.
[0039]
When the initialization of the pointer and counter is completed, the CPU 3 proceeds to step SC2, where the content melody [nptr + 1] read from the accompaniment pattern data APD according to the address one ahead of the pointer nptr is the termination code, that is, at the end of the pattern. Determine if it has been reached.
If it is the pattern end, the determination result is “YES”, and this process is completed. If the pattern end is not reached, the determination result is “NO”, and the process proceeds to the next step SC3. In step SC3, it is determined whether ntime / 960> otime / 960, that is, whether one bar has elapsed. If one bar has not elapsed, the determination result is “NO”, and the process proceeds to step SC5, which will be described later. However, if one bar has elapsed, the determination result is “YES”, the process proceeds to step SC4, and the counter ntime Is stored in the counter otime, while the register dev is reset to zero.
[0040]
Next, in step SC5, pitch melody [nptr + 1] in the note data read from the accompaniment pattern data APD is stored in the register pitch in accordance with the address (nptr + 1) one ahead of the pointer nptr. Hereinafter, the content of the register pitch is referred to as a pitch pitch. In step SC6, the chord detection process shown in FIG. 7 is executed in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment, and the root route and type ctype of the chord corresponding to the note data read from the accompaniment pattern data APD are detected.
Subsequently, in step SC7, as a table argument index for reading out the corresponding pitch correction value pctab from the above-described pitch change table PCT (see FIG. 4) based on the detected route root and type ctype, (ctype, | pitch-root | Mod 12) is obtained. Here, ctype is the detected type, and | pitch-croat | mod 12 is the 12 remainder value of the difference (absolute value) between the pitch pitch of the note data read from the accompaniment pattern data APD and the root root.
[0041]
Next, at step SC8, the pitch correction value pctab [index] read from the pitch change table PCT according to the table argument index and the value of the register dev (hereinafter referred to as the pitch correction accumulated value) are used as the pitch pitch. Is added to to convert the pitch. Next, at step SC9, the pitch correction accumulated value dev is generated by accumulating the pitch correction value pctab [index].
[0042]
Then, the process proceeds to step SC10, where the sound generation timing melody [nptr] read from the accompaniment pattern data APD according to the pointer nptr is stored in the data area new [nptr] of the RAM 6, and the pitch pitch converted into the pitch is stored in the RAM 6 data. Store in area new [nptr + 1]. Further, the volume melodies [nptr + 2] read from the accompaniment pattern data APD in accordance with the address (nptr + 2) two ahead of the pointer nptr is stored in the data area new [nptr + 2] of the RAM 6, and the three ahead addresses (nptr + 2) of the pointer nptr ( The tone length melody [nptr + 3] read from the accompaniment pattern data APD according to nptr + 3) is stored in the data area new [nptr + 3] of the RAM 6.
[0043]
When the note data thus converted in pitch is stored in the data area of the RAM 6 as new accompaniment pattern data APD, the CPU 3 advances the process to step SC11, and performs pointer conversion to perform pitch conversion on the next note data. In step SC12, “4” is added to nptr to update the pointer, and in step SC12, the sound generation timing melody [nptr] read from the accompaniment pattern data APD is accumulated in the counter ntime in accordance with the updated pointer nptr. The accompaniment progress time indicating the elapsed time from the time is updated. Thereafter, the process returns to the above-described step SC2, and steps SC2 to SC12 are repeated until the pattern end of the accompaniment pattern data APD is reached.
[0044]
Thus, according to the modification, the current pitch correction value pctab [index] read from the pitch change table PCT according to the input code type ctype and route root, and zero reset for each measure, and the previous pitch correction value The pitch correction accumulated value dev that is accumulated up to pctab [index] is added to the pitch pitch to convert the pitch, so the same pitch overlaps and continues and the character of the chord is determined It is possible to prevent the accompaniment line (accompaniment pattern) from becoming unaccompanied.
[0045]
B. Second embodiment
In the first embodiment described above, the occurrence of an unnatural accompaniment sound is prevented by switching the input code. In the second embodiment, the sound generation timing of each sound constituting the accompaniment pattern data APD is advanced from the normal timing. Even if it is delayed or delayed, the pitch is converted so that it does not become an unnatural accompaniment sound, or even if the chord progression data CPD contains a fractional chord, the pitch is transformed so that the accompaniment sound is suitable for that fraction chord To do. Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of the second embodiment will be described.
[0046]
(1) Configuration
Since the overall configuration of the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted. The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the contents of accompaniment pattern data APD and chord progression data CPD are different.
That is, the accompaniment pattern data APD according to the second embodiment includes a base part and a chord part composed of note data representing accompaniment sounds for a predetermined measure corresponding to the C major, as in the first embodiment. Each piece of note data constituting the accompaniment pattern data APD is formed from a sounding timing, a pitch, a volume, and a tone length represented by an elapsed time from the previous event (note), as in the example shown in FIG. The notes after the first note of the second measure are slightly ahead of the normal sounding timing (for 3 clocks).
[0047]
The chord progression data CPD according to the second embodiment is obtained by storing the chord data chord in the chord progression order as in the first embodiment, but each chord data chord as shown in the example shown in FIG. A chord base (base note) is provided in addition to the input timing, route, and type represented by the elapsed time from the previous chord input time. Here, when the code base is different from the root of the code, it is regarded as a fraction code (on-base code).
[0048]
(2) Operation
Next, even if the sound generation timing of the sounds constituting the accompaniment pattern data APD has fluctuations that fluctuate back and forth, the pitch is converted so that an unnatural accompaniment sound is not generated, or the chord progression data CPD includes a fractional chord. Even in this case, the operation of the second embodiment for converting the pitch to be an accompaniment sound suitable for the fraction code will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0049]
(1) Main routine operation
First, the operation of the main routine will be described with reference to FIG. 13 as the schematic operation of the second embodiment. When the apparatus power is turned on, the CPU 3 loads a predetermined control program from the ROM 4, executes the main routine shown in FIG. 13 and proceeds to step SD 1 to reset various registers and flags provided in the RAM 6. Then, initialization for instructing the sound source 7 to initialize various registers and flags is executed.
After the initialization is completed, the CPU 3 advances the process to step SD2, and scans the panel switch 1 to determine whether or not a switch operation is performed. In steps SD3 to SD10, processing corresponding to the event type detected by switch scanning is executed. Hereinafter, the operation description will be divided into cases where “input instruction event”, “generation instruction event”, “reproduction instruction event”, and “correction value change instruction event” are detected.
[0050]
(B) For input instruction events
That is, when an input instruction event for selecting the accompaniment pattern data APD and chord progression data CPD is detected according to the operation of the selection switch, the determination result in step SD3 is “YES”, and the process proceeds to step SD7. Input processing such as transferring accompaniment pattern data APD from the data ROM 5 to the data area of the RAM 6 and registering the read address of the selected chord progression data CPD is executed.
[0051]
(B) For generation instruction events
When a generation instruction event is detected in accordance with the operation of the accompaniment generation switch, the determination result in step SD4 is “YES”, and the process proceeds to step SD8 to execute accompaniment generation processing. In this accompaniment generation process, each note data in the accompaniment pattern data APD selected in the input instruction event according to the chord progression data CPD selected in the input instruction event and the pitch change table PCT described above. Thus, new accompaniment pattern data APD matching the chord progression data CPD is generated, and details thereof will be described later.
[0052]
(C) For a playback instruction event
When a playback instruction event is detected in response to the operation of the start / stop switch, the determination result in step SD5 is “YES”, the process proceeds to step SD9, and the new accompaniment pattern data APD generated in the accompaniment generation process is added. Accompaniment reproduction processing for reproducing the accompaniment sound is executed.
[0053]
(D) Correction value change instruction event
Here, after first explaining the background of the correction value change instruction, the operation will be described.
When the recorded musical piece data is used as accompaniment pattern data APD, for example, as shown in the example of FIG. 11, the notes after the first note of the second measure are slightly (for 3 clocks) from the normal sounding timing. When the accompaniment is generated using the preceding accompaniment pattern data APD, the correspondence with the input code is deviated and proper pitch conversion is not performed and an unnatural accompaniment sound is generated.
This point will be described in detail. When the accompaniment pattern data APD shown in FIG. 11 is displayed as a score, it is represented by FIG. 14A, and this is shown as chord progression data CPD (see FIG. 3) according to the first embodiment. When the accompaniment generation process is performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment, the pitch is converted into accompaniment pattern data shown in FIG. As is clear from this figure, the first note of the third measure and the fourth measure are converted to different pitches based on the input chords of the previous measure section, respectively. In particular, in the fourth measure, the same pitch ( F4 sound) overlaps to form a two chord, and it can be seen that proper pitch conversion has not been performed.
[0054]
Therefore, when using accompaniment pattern data APD such as music data performed by a person whose sound generation timing is advanced or delayed from the normal timing, a correction value change instruction event is given by operating the correction value change switch. If it does so, the judgment result of step SD6 will become "YES", and it progresses to step SD10, and performs a correction value change process.
In this correction value changing process, for example, each note data constituting the accompaniment pattern data APD is read and displayed on the display unit 2, an optimum correction value offset is set by a user's manual operation, and the sound generation timing of each note data is set. Is corrected at the appropriate timing. Alternatively, it is also possible to automatically obtain a correction value offset by a known quantization process, and thereby correct the sound generation timing of each note data constituting the accompaniment pattern data APD.
[0055]
(2) Accompaniment generation process
Next, the operation of accompaniment generation processing according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. When this process is executed through the above-described step SD8 (see FIG. 13), the CPU 3 advances the process to step SE1 in FIG. 15, and resets the pointer nptr and the counter ntime to zero. The pointer nptr temporarily stores a read address of accompaniment pattern data APD (see FIG. 2) selected by the input instruction described above. The counter ntime accumulates the sound generation timings included in the note data of the accompaniment pattern data APD, and generates an elapsed time from the accompaniment start time (hereinafter referred to as accompaniment progression time).
[0056]
When the pointer nptr and the counter ntime are reset to zero, the CPU 3 proceeds to step SE2 to check whether the content melody [nptr + 1] read from the accompaniment pattern data APD according to the address ahead of the pointer nptr is a termination code, that is, the pattern termination. Determine if you have reached.
If it is the pattern end, the determination result is “YES”, and this process is completed. If the pattern end is not reached, the determination result is “NO”, and the process proceeds to the next step SE3. In step SE3, the pitch in the note data read from the accompaniment pattern data APD is stored in the register pitch. Hereinafter, the content of the register pitch is referred to as a pitch pitch.
[0057]
Next, in step SE4, chord data chord corresponding to the note data read from the accompaniment pattern data APD for pitch conversion is detected from chord progression data CPD (see FIG. 12), and the root code of the corresponding chord data chord is detected. And a code detection process for extracting the type ctype. The details of the code detection process according to the second embodiment will be described later. In step SE5, a pitch conversion process (described later) for converting the pitch of the pitch pitch according to the detected route root and type ctype is executed.
[0058]
Subsequently, in step SE6, the sound generation timing melody [nptr] read from the accompaniment pattern data APD in accordance with the pointer nptr is stored in the data area new [nptr] of the RAM 6, and the pitch pitch converted into the pitch is stored in the RAM 6 data. Store in area new [nptr + 1]. Further, the volume melodies [nptr + 2] read from the accompaniment pattern data APD in accordance with the address (nptr + 2) two ahead of the pointer nptr is stored in the data area new [nptr + 2] of the RAM 6, and the three ahead addresses (nptr + 2) of the pointer nptr ( The tone length melody [nptr + 3] read from the accompaniment pattern data APD according to nptr + 3) is stored in the data area new [nptr + 3] of the RAM 6.
[0059]
When the note data thus converted in pitch is stored in the data area of the RAM 6 as new accompaniment pattern data APD, the CPU 3 advances the process to step SE7, and performs pointer conversion to perform pitch conversion on the next note data. The pointer is updated by adding “4” to nptr. In the next step SE8, the sounding timing melody [nptr] read from the accompaniment pattern data APD is accumulated in the counter ntime in accordance with the updated pointer nptr, and the accompaniment is started. The accompaniment progress time indicating the elapsed time from the time is updated.
Thereafter, the processing is returned to the above-mentioned step SE2, and steps SE2 to SE8 are repeated until the pattern end of the accompaniment pattern data APD is reached, and the pitch pitch of each note data in the accompaniment pattern data APD is made to correspond to the chord progression. New accompaniment pattern data APD obtained by high conversion is registered in the data area of the RAM 6, and when the end of the pattern is reached, the determination result in step SE2 is “YES”, and this processing is completed.
[0060]
(3) Code detection processing operation
Next, the operation of the code detection process according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. When this process is executed through the above-described step SE4 (see FIG. 15), the CPU 3 advances the process to step SF1 shown in FIG. In step SF1, the pointer cptr and the counter ctime are each reset to zero. Here, the pointer cptr temporarily stores the read address of the chord progression data CPD (see FIG. 12) selected by the above input instruction event. The counter ctime accumulates the sounding timing of the chord progression data CPD and generates an elapsed time from the chord progression start time (hereinafter referred to as chord progression time).
In step SF2, it is determined whether the code data chord [cptr + 1] read from the chord progression data CPD according to the address one ahead of the pointer cptr is an end code, that is, whether the end of data has been reached.
[0061]
If the end of data has not been reached, the determination result is “NO”, and the flow advances to the next Step SF3. In step SF3, the chord progression time is obtained by accumulating the chord data chord [cptr] read from the chord progression data CPD according to the pointer cptr, that is, the input timing represented by the elapsed time from the previous chord input time to the counter ctime. calculate.
Next, in step SF4, it is determined whether or not the calculated chord progression time exceeds the sum of the accompaniment progression time stored in the counter ntime and the correction value offset. If the chord progression time does not exceed the added value, the determination result is “NO”, and the flow proceeds to step SF5. In step SF5, "4" is added to the pointer cptr to advance the pointer cptr so as to read the next code data chord, and then the process returns to step SF2 again.
[0062]
As described above, in steps SF2 to SF5, the chord progression time exceeding the added value of the accompaniment progression time and the correction value offset is searched, and when the chord data chord satisfying the condition is found, the determination result in step SF4 is “YES”. The process proceeds to step SF6, and the root chord [cptr-3], type chord [cptr-2], and code base chord [cptr-1] are extracted from the code data chord immediately before the retrieved code data chord. Are stored in registers root, ctype, and cbass, respectively.
[0063]
If the end of chord progression data CPD is reached in the process of searching for the chord progression time exceeding the added value of the accompaniment progression time and the correction value offset, the determination result in step SF2 is “YES”, and the step Proceeding to SF6, the route chord [cptr-3] in the code data chord immediately before the end of the data is registered in the register root, the type chord [cptr-2] is registered in the register ctype, and the code base chord [cptr-1] is registered in the register ctype. Store each in cbass. Hereinafter, the contents of registers root, ctype, and cbass are referred to as root root, type ctype, and codebase cbass, respectively.
[0064]
(4) Pitch conversion processing operation
Next, the operation of the pitch conversion process according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. When this process is executed through the above-described step SE5 (see FIG. 15), the CPU 3 proceeds to step SG1 in FIG. 17 and determines whether the pitch pitch currently read from the accompaniment pattern data APD is the base part. Judge whether or not. In the following, the operation will be described separately for the code part and the base part.
[0065]
(B) For code parts
If the pitch pitch currently read from the accompaniment pattern data APD is a chord part, the determination result in step SG1 is “NO”, and the process proceeds to step SG2. In step SG2, a table argument index (ctype, | pitch-croat |) for reading out the corresponding pitch correction value pctab from the pitch change table PCT (see FIG. 4) based on the route root and type ctype detected in step SE4. mod 12). Here, ctype is the detected type, and | pitch-croat | mod 12 is the 12 remainder value of the difference (absolute value) between the pitch pitch of the note data read from the accompaniment pattern data APD and the root root.
[0066]
Then, the pitch correction value pctab [index] read from the pitch change table PCT is added to the pitch pitch according to the obtained table argument index to convert the pitch.
In this case, as in the first embodiment described above, the sound that is close to the original pitch pitch of the accompaniment pattern among the chord constituent sounds that have the root code of the input code as the root, corresponding to the type ctype of the input code. Since the pitch pitch of each note data in the accompaniment pattern is shifted so as to be high, the accompaniment pattern is converted to a pitch suitable for the input chord, and an unnatural accompaniment sound may be generated by switching the input chord. Nor.
[0067]
(B) For base part
If the pitch pitch currently read from the accompaniment pattern data APD is a base part, the determination result in step SG1 is “YES”, the process proceeds to step SG3, whether or not it is a fraction code, that is, the aforementioned step. It is determined whether or not the root root detected at SE4 is different from the code base cbass.
In the case of a normal chord in which the root root and the chord base cbass match, the determination result is “NO”, the process proceeds to step SG4, and the pitch pitch of the note data read from the detected root root and the accompaniment pattern data APD is obtained. Then, a table argument index (ctype, pitch mod 12) for reading the corresponding pitch correction value pctab from the pitch change table PCT is obtained. Here, ctype is the detected type, and pitch mod 12 is the 12 remainder value (corresponding to the pitch name) of the pitch pitch of the note data read from the accompaniment pattern data APD.
[0068]
Then, the root root is added to the pitch correction value pctab [index] read from the pitch change table PCT according to the obtained table argument index, and the 12 remainder value of the value is added to the pitch pitch to convert the pitch. That is, as in the first prior art described above, based on the result of adding the root code of the input code to the pitch correction value pctab [index] determined by the input code type ctype and the pitch pitch of the accompaniment pattern, The pitch pitch is shifted. In this case, the change of the route when the chord is switched leads to the pitch change of the bass sound as it is. However, in the case where the pitch change deviates from the bass part, the pitch correction is performed in step SG6 and later described. It has become.
[0069]
On the other hand, if the root code and the code base cbass are different fractional codes, the determination result in step SG3 is “YES”, and the process proceeds to step SG5. In step SG5, a value obtained by subtracting the pitch name (pitch mod 12) of the pitch pitch from the detected chord base cbass is added to the pitch pitch to perform pitch conversion.
[0070]
When the bass part sound of the accompaniment pattern data APD is thus converted in pitch according to the normal chord or the fraction chord, the CPU 3 proceeds to step SG6 and determines whether or not the range is to be corrected. If the switch is set not to correct the range by the user operation, the determination result is “NO”, and this process is completed without performing any processing. However, if the switch is set to correct the range, the determination result is "YES" is set, and the pitch range of the pitch is corrected through steps SG7 to SG10.
[0071]
That is, if the pitch pitch converted pitch exceeds the preset upper limit, in steps SG7 and SG8, the pitch is lowered by one octave until the pitch pitch falls below the upper limit, while the pitch converted pitch is set. If the pitch exceeds a preset lower limit, in steps SG9 and SG10, the pitch is increased by one octave until the pitch pitch exceeds the lower limit. Then, if the pitch range is corrected so that the pitch pitch falls within the range from the preset upper limit to the lower limit, the determination result in step SG9 becomes “NO”, and this processing is completed.
[0072]
As described above, according to the second embodiment, in the accompaniment pattern data APD in which the sound generation timing is advanced or delayed from the normal timing, such as music data performed by a person, the sound generation timing is adjusted to match the normal timing. Since the offset is used, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of an unnatural accompaniment sound even when using an accompaniment pattern in which the sounding timing of the pattern constituent sound is advanced or delayed from the normal timing.
Further, according to the second embodiment, when a pitch code is input when converting the pitch of the bass part in the accompaniment pattern, the pitch name (pitch) of the pitch pitch of the bass part is obtained from the code base cbass of the fraction code. Since the value obtained by subtracting mod 12) is added to the pitch pitch to convert the pitch, it is possible to generate an accompaniment sound suitable for the input fractional code.
[0073]
【The invention's effect】
Claim 1, 2 According to the invention described in the above, the pitch of the accompaniment sound is detected such that the chord corresponding to each accompaniment sound of the accompaniment pattern is detected and the pitch of the detection chord or the chord scale sound is close to the pitch of the accompaniment sound. Convert Moreover A chord corresponding to each accompaniment sound of the accompaniment pattern is detected, and a pitch correction value is generated according to the pitch of the pitch of the accompaniment sound and the root of the detection code and the type of the detection chord, and based on this pitch correction value Since the accompaniment sound is shifted and converted, the change in root or key does not change the accompaniment sound as it was in the past, and an unnatural accompaniment sound is generated by switching the input chord. Can be prevented.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a first embodiment according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of accompaniment pattern data APD.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of chord progression data CPD.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a pitch change table PCT.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an operation of a main routine according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the operation of accompaniment generation processing according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an operation of a code detection process according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a specific operation example of the first embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a pitch change table PCT2.
FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the operation of accompaniment generation processing according to a modification of the first embodiment.
FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a configuration example of accompaniment pattern data APD according to the second embodiment.
FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a configuration example of chord progression data CPD according to the second embodiment.
FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing an operation of a main routine according to the second embodiment.
FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example in which an unaccompanied accompaniment sound is generated without a proper pitch conversion due to a shift in correspondence between an accompaniment pattern and an input code.
FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing the operation of accompaniment generation processing according to the second embodiment.
FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing an operation of code detection processing according to the second embodiment;
FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing the operation of a pitch conversion process according to the second embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Panel switch
2 display section
3 CPU
4 ROM
5 Data ROM
6 RAM
7 Sound source
8 Sound system

Claims (2)

Storage means for storing accompaniment pattern data composed of a plurality of note data having pronunciation timing and pitch, and chord progression data composed of a plurality of chord data composed of input timing, route and type;
An accumulation counter whose value is cleared in the initial state;
Reading means for reading out the note data constituting the accompaniment pattern data from the storage means in accordance with the corresponding sounding timing, and reading out the chord data making up the chord progression data from the storage means in accordance with the corresponding input timing;
Each time the note data is read by the reading means, a pitch difference calculating means for calculating a pitch between the pitch of the read note data and the root of the chord data read at this point;
The read chord data in which the pitch of the read note data is close to the pitch based on the pitch calculated by the pitch difference calculating means and the type of the read chord. A pitch correction value output means for outputting a pitch correction value for making a chord constituent sound or a chord scale sound;
Shift means for shifting the pitch of the read accompaniment pattern based on the pitch correction value output from the pitch correction value output means and the value stored in the accumulation counter ;
After the pitch is shifted by the shift means, an accumulation means for updating the value of the accumulation counter by adding the output pitch correction value to the value stored in the accumulation counter;
An accompaniment generating device comprising: Storage means for storing accompaniment pattern data composed of a plurality of note data having pronunciation timing and pitch, and chord progression data composed of a plurality of chord data composed of input timing, route and type, and input pitch An accompaniment generation program applied to a device having table means for outputting a pitch correction value based on a chord type, and an accumulation counter whose value is cleared in an initial state,
A reading function for reading out the note data constituting the accompaniment pattern data from the storage means according to the corresponding sounding timing, and reading out the chord data constituting the chord progression data from the storage means according to the corresponding input timing;
A pitch difference calculation function for calculating a pitch between the pitch of the read note data and the root of the chord data read at this time each time the note data is read;
Based on the calculated pitch and the type of the chord that has been read, the pitch of the read note data is the chord constituent sound or chord of the read chord data that is close to the pitch. A pitch correction value output function for outputting a pitch correction value for a scale sound from the table means;
A shift function for shifting the pitch of the read accompaniment pattern based on the output pitch correction value and the value stored in the accumulation counter ;
After this pitch shift, an accumulation function that updates the value of the accumulation counter by adding the output pitch correction value to the value stored in the accumulation counter;
Accompaniment generation program for realizing on a computer.

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