JP4035087B2 - Turbomachine rotor device - Google Patents

Description

  The subject of the present invention is a turbomachine rotor device.

  Such rotors often comprise individual disks that support the rotor blade stage and are joined by spacer pieces. The main purpose of the spacer pieces is to provide a seal that limits the gas flow between these stages. The disc usually has extensions, which extend toward the central structure of the rotor where these extensions are secured by bolts. The disc also includes rims that extend below the spacer pieces and are joined together by bolts at their ends. In this way, each disk has an indirect connection through the central structure of the rotor and is directly coupled to the adjacent disk. However, this device is not as rigid as desired, and all of these bolted means take a lot of time to assemble and disassemble and become a heavy burden, making them increasingly disappointing. I understand that.

  In accordance with the present invention, a rotor device comprising a continuous disk that supports a blade and is joined by a spacer piece, wherein two disks at both ends of the continuous disk have an extension, the extension being , Tapered to meet at joined flanges, each of the disks having a plurality of axially spaced ledges, and the spacer pieces are axially spaced An annular rim, each rim engaging an associated shelf, the disk and the rim being a cooperating array of occlusal joint teeth and recesses for receiving and extending around the rim A rotor device is provided.

  The apparatus thus relates to the connection between the disc and the spacer piece, wherein the spacer piece serves to hold the intermediate disc and means for centering the connection around the axis of the rotor, and these Means for preventing rotation in synchronism with complementary means located on the disk. Accordingly, since the intermediate disk can be connected to the central structure of the rotor, the bolt connection between the disks can be eliminated. Accordingly, the intermediate disk is suspended from the spacer piece.

  The resulting assembly appears to rattle, but is more rigid than the known method assembly. One reason is that fewer bolts are used, but according to an important embodiment of the invention, the occlusal joint teeth protrude from the slots that engage the individual slots in the disk that penetrate the disk. There is no doubt that it corresponds to the end of the blade root. Thus, an occlusal joint connection does not require any additional parts and only requires extending the blade route compared to conventional practice, without complicating the device. Depends on so many teeth.

  Thus, the device according to the invention is a single compact structure that can be joined to the central structure of the rotor by a single bolted flange. Further, the end disk splices can be joined by an array of occlusal joint teeth and recesses for the teeth so as to make a more rigid connection directly between the end disks.

  Referring initially to FIG. 1, the rotor comprises a central structure 1 of the type generally known in many known turbomachines, which is not described in detail, but consists of components assembled by bolting. The disc assembly has an overall reference number 2 and extends around a part of the central structure 1. The main components of the disc assembly are upstream and downstream end discs 3 and 4, intermediate discs 5 and 6 located between the end discs 3 and 4, and discs (reference numbers 3 and 5, 5, respectively). 6 and 3 spacer pieces 7, 8 and 9 that connect to successive pairs (indicated by 6 and 4). The disks 3, 4, 5 and 6 are somewhat flat, parallel to each other and arranged to be axially spaced apart and continuous. The disks 3, 4, 5 and 6 are all intended to support the rotor-blade stage 10 extending into the gas stream, each rotor blade stage 10 having its own stator-blade stage. 11 are arranged between each other. Spacer pieces 7, 8 and 9 support respective annular crest-shaped wipers 12 which engage respective rings of wearable material 13 extending around respective stator-blade stages 11, and the gas is rotor blades. A labyrinth seal is formed that makes it difficult to cause a loss of flow efficiency. Since these details are well known, they are not further detailed.

  Each of the upstream and downstream end disks 3 and 4 comprises an outer ring 14, an inner ring 15 and a web 16 joining the two rings. The extension 17 extends from the ring 15 of the upstream end disk 3, and the extension 18 extends from the ring 15 of the downstream end disk 18. The extensions 17 and 18 extend radially inward into a tapered conical shape. These two extensions 17 and 18 converge towards each other, and the extension 18 of the downstream end disk 4 engages a circular bearing surface 20 provided on the extension 17 of the upstream end disk 3 and this extension An end ring 19 is provided on the contact surface 21 of the portion 17. The nut 22 is screwed into a threaded surface 23 of the extension 17 that extends beyond the bearing surface 20 and holds the ring 19 against the contact surface 21. Furthermore, the ring 19 and the extension 17 are equipped with teeth nested in an intermediate recess so as to form a circular occlusal joint 24. By this connecting portion, the disks 3 and 4 can be firmly held in a fixed position with respect to each other. The extension 17 continues beyond the bearing surface 20 towards the center of the rotor and is joined to the central structure 1 via the arrangement of bolted flanges 25.

  The intermediate disks 5 and 6 do not have such an internal extension and are therefore not connected directly to the other disks or to the central structure 1 of the rotor. These discs 5 and 6 are only supported by spacer pieces 7, 8 and 9 by means of joints described with reference to FIG.

  The spacer pieces 7, 8 and 9 are each provided with two flat rims 26 and 27 extending radially inward from the opposite ends of the spacer pieces 8, 8, 9 respectively. The flat rims 26, 27 rest on the axially extending annular ledges 28 and 29 of the pair of disks 3, 4, 5 and 6 separated by the associated spacer pieces 7, 8, 9 while The shelf 28 is provided on one disk, and the other shelf 29 is provided on the other disk. The rims 26 and 27 each have a respective recess 30, each recess 30 accommodating each end of the root 31 of the rotor blade 10. An apparatus often used for assembling the rotor blades to the disk consists of making a slot 32 that extends axially or diagonally through the outer ring of the disk. The cross-section of each slot 32 has a bulbous shape, a tail shape, a Christmas tree, or similar shape, and opens to the outside of the disk through a narrow neck to hold the root of the rotor blade. In the present apparatus, the route 31 is elongated at a part of the cross section and protrudes from the slot 32 as shown in FIG. Also, there is no special means to prevent the route 31 from sliding in the slot 32, and this prevention function is performed by the rims 26 and 27 whose outer surface abuts against the side surface of the outer ring 14, and therefore It should be noted that the rotor blade 10 is prevented from moving by plugging a portion of the slot 32 occupied by the non-extension of the route 31.

  By screwing the nut 22 to the threaded surface 23, the discs 3, 4, 5, 6 are clamped together by the intermediate spacer pieces 7, 8, 9 via the rims 26 and 27, so that the assembly is axially connected. Be maintained. The disc is centered by radially engaging the rims 26 and 27 with the shelves 28 and 29. Finally, relative rotation is prevented by the occlusal joints provided by the elongated ends of the root 31 of the rotor blade 10 and the corresponding recesses 30 of the rims 26 and 27, which are better for the assembly. Torsional rigidity. The articulation joint 24 formed between the extensions 17 and 18 of the upstream and downstream end disks 3 and 4 has the advantage of establishing a direct anti-rotation connection between the end disks 3 and 4 and thus , Contribute to its torsional rigidity. However, because of the occlusal joint present at the joint between the disks 3, 4, 5, 6 and the spacer pieces 7-9, this occlusal joint 24 is not always necessary. If an occlusal joint is present, it contributes to making the assembly statically static and may eliminate one of the other occlusal joints, for example one that includes the central spacer piece 8. It may be a good idea.

  Returning to FIG. 1, it can be seen that the assembly is supplemented by three shell rings 33, 34 and 35. Each of the shell rings 33, 34, 35 extends between the associated pairs in the disks 3, 4, 5, 6 and is radially inward of the associated spacer pieces 7, 8 and 9 and And define associated chambers 36, 37 and 38 for vent passages through the unoccupied portion of slot 32. Ventilation is directed to a through duct 40 formed between the flange 41 of the upstream disk 3 and an additional spacer piece 42 associated with another labyrinth seal 43 upstream of the disk 3. This vent is passed through the slot 32 of the downstream end disk 4 and then into the gas stream. Reference numeral 44 indicates a passage allowing ventilation to the assembly, perforations 45 and 46 are made in the extensions 17 and 18 of the end disks 3 and 4, and the ventilation is in the chamber 47 in the assembly 2, in particular an intermediate disk. 5 and 6 can be cooled. Each of the shell rings 33-35 is provided at one end thereof with a lug 48 that extends radially outward from the associated shell ring 33, 34, 35 and enters a notch made in the associated disk shelf 28. These lugs prevent rotation.

  FIG. 3 shows a slightly different device in which the shell rings 33 to 35, which are separated chambers 36 to 38, are omitted. The vent stream passing through the slot 32 flows directly into the gas stream. The spacer pieces 7, 8 and 9 in FIGS. 1 and 2 have been replaced by similar spacer pieces 107, 108 and 109, but in each of these spacer pieces 107, 108 and 109 the upstream rim is a spacer piece. It is replaced by a reverse rim 126 that extends outwardly from the main part. The principles and advantages of the assembly remain unchanged, and in particular, these rims 126 continue to push the shelves 28 and establish recesses 30 for accommodating the extended ends of the blade root 31 so as to establish an occlusal joint connection. And these rims include a portion that limits the sliding movement of the route.

  Since the assembly of the rotor device 2 consists of stacking the discs, spacer pieces and shell rings in succession and tightening the single nut 22 when the ends 17 and 19 of the end discs 3 and 4 meet, It should be added that it is very simple to assemble it.

1 is a diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention showing a turbomachine rotor formed by a central structure supported by a disk assembly; FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the portion of the assembly of FIG. 1 showing the connection of the spacer pieces of the assembly to the disk of the assembly. FIG. FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 with an alternative form of assembly.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Center structure 2 Disc assembly 3, 4 End disc 5, 6 Intermediate disc 7, 8, 9, 42, 107, 108, 109 Spacer piece 10 Rotor blade stage 11 Stator blade stage 12 Wiper 13 Wearable material DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 14 Outer ring 15 Inner ring 16 Web 17, 18 Extension part 19 End ring 20 Circular bearing surface 21 Contact surface 22 Nut 23 Thread surface 24 Circular occlusion joint 25 Flange 26, 27, 126 Rim 28, 29 Annular shelf 30 Recessed part 31 Route 32 Slot 33, 34, 35 Shell ring 36, 37, 38, 47 Chamber 40 Through duct 41 Flange 43 Labyrinth seal 44 Passage 45, 46 Drilling 48 Lug

Claims (7)

A rotor device comprising a continuous disk supporting blades and joined by spacer pieces, the two disks at both ends of the continuous disk comprising extension parts, the extension parts being joined together Tapered so as to meet at a flange, the continuous disk comprising at least one intermediate disk between the two disks, the at least one intermediate disk depending from at least one of the spacer pieces The rotor device. Each of the disks has a plurality of axially spaced annular ledges, and the spacer piece comprises an axially spaced annular rim, each rim engaging an associated shelf, and The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the rim comprises a cooperating array of occlusal joint teeth and a recess for receiving the teeth extending around the rim. The blade root engages and penetrates through an individual slot of the disk, and the teeth are formed by the end of the blade root protruding from the slot. Item 3. The apparatus according to Item 2 . The device according to claim 2 , characterized in that the extensions are also connected by an array of occlusal joint teeth and recesses for the teeth. Device according to claim 2 , characterized in that one of the spacer pieces comprises an occlusal joint for only one corresponding one of the rims. The rim of the spacer piece extends radially inward, the shell ring is concentric with the associated spacer piece, extends between the outer rings of adjacent disks, and the spacer piece associated with each shell ring is the associated piece. 4. A device according to claim 3 , characterized in that it forms a ventilation chamber in which the slot of the disk to be opened. 3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein one of the rims of each spacer piece extends radially inward and the other radially outward.

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