JP4034134B2 - PC steel bar with improved relaxation and continuous heat treatment method - Google Patents

PC steel bar with improved relaxation and continuous heat treatment method Download PDF

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JP4034134B2
JP4034134B2 JP2002199801A JP2002199801A JP4034134B2 JP 4034134 B2 JP4034134 B2 JP 4034134B2 JP 2002199801 A JP2002199801 A JP 2002199801A JP 2002199801 A JP2002199801 A JP 2002199801A JP 4034134 B2 JP4034134 B2 JP 4034134B2
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temperature
tempering
cooling
heating
quenching
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JP2004043843A (en
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信二郎 元木
正 平尾
和宏 内藤
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Neturen Co Ltd
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Neturen Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はリラクセーション値を改善したPC鋼棒及びその製造方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
高周波により急速短時間加熱する焼入れ焼戻し熱処理は、通常の炉加熱による熱処理に比して高強度で高い靭性が得られることから、PC鋼棒の製造に高周波加熱による焼入れ焼戻しの連続熱処理が行われている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来からPC鋼棒においてはリラクセーション値の向上が課題であり、この改善については多くの研究がされている。
【0004】
PC鋼棒の連続熱処理においては、時間を短縮するために焼戻し温度に加熱保持後にただちに急冷を行っているが、焼戻し温度は鋼種と強度規格によって異なる。例えば焼戻し温度が620〜650℃の鋼種では焼戻し後の急冷開始温度は600℃以下になるが、同一ラインで熱処理する場合、焼戻し温度が700〜720℃の鋼種では焼戻し後の急冷開始温度は670℃にもなる。発明者らは、このように焼戻し後の急冷開始温度が高くなることがPC鋼棒のリラクセーション値が低下する原因であることを見出だした。
【0005】
発明者らはさらに研究の結果、焼戻し後の急冷開始温度とリラクセーション値には相関関係があり、前記の鋼種だけでなく、すべての鋼種において焼戻し後の冷却における急冷開始の温度を下げることによりリラクセーション値が改善できることを見出だした。
【0006】
そこで、連続熱処理装置において焼戻し後の急冷開始の温度を下げるために、焼戻し加熱手段の出口と急冷手段との距離を大きく取ることにより焼戻し加熱後の放冷時間を長くして、急冷開始の温度を下げることによりリラクセーション値の改善を図ることができた。
【0007】
しかし、こうすると連続熱処理装置では長い冷却距離が必要になり、とくに鋼棒の径が大きくなるとこの距離は一層大きくなり、設備的に巨大化するという問題点がある。
【0008】
本発明は焼戻し後の急冷開始の温度を下げることによりリラクセーションを改善し、また従来の連続熱処理設備と同じ大きさの設備で急冷開始の温度を下げることによりリラクセーションを改善したPC鋼棒の連続熱処理方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、このために焼戻し温度に加熱後の冷却において、焼戻し温度に加熱保持後直ちに急冷するのでなく、短時間放冷して温度を下げた後、急冷することによりリラクセーション値を改善すること、さらに、通常の急冷開始前に予備冷却を行い、急冷開始温度を下げて冷却を行うことにより、現有設備のままラインを延長することなくリラクセーション値を改善することができることを見出だしたものである。
【0010】
すなわち本発明のリラクセーションを改善したPC鋼棒とその熱処理方法は、誘導加熱又は直接通電加熱により焼入れ温度に急速加熱、急冷して焼入れされた後、誘導加熱又は直接通電加熱により焼戻し温度に加熱保持後、急速冷却して焼戻しされた連続熱処理PC鋼棒において、焼戻し温度に加熱保持後、600℃以下の温度まで放冷した後急冷して、急冷の開始温度を600℃以下にすることにより鋼棒全長にわたり引張り強さが1030N/mm 2 以上において1000hrリラクセーション値が3%以下であることを特徴とするものである。
この開始温度は望ましくは550℃以下、さらに望ましくは500℃以下である。
【0011】
すなわち、従来のPC鋼棒の熱処理においては焼戻し温度に加熱後直ちに急冷していたが、本発明は、焼戻し温度に加熱後、600℃以下の温度まで放冷した後急冷することにより、急冷開始温度を下げてリラクセーションを改善したものである。この急冷開始温度はPC鋼棒の鋼種(化学成分)により異なるが、後述するように600℃〜450℃位までは、急冷開始温度が低いほどリラクセーション値が改善される。
【0012】
また本発明のリラクセーションを改善したPC鋼棒とその製造方法は、誘導加熱又は直接通電加熱により焼入れ温度に急速加熱、急冷して焼入れされた後、誘導加熱又は直接通電加熱により焼戻し温度に加熱保持後、急速冷却して焼戻しされた連続熱処理PC鋼棒において、焼戻し温度に加熱保持後、予備冷却を行って600℃以下の温度まで冷却し、600℃以下の温度から急冷することにより鋼棒全長にわたり引張り強さが1030N/mm 2 以上において1000hrリラクセーション値が3%以下であることを特徴とするものである。
【0013】
すなわち、前述のように焼戻し後に放冷のような徐冷を行って温度を低下させた後急冷を行うことによりリラクセーション値を改善することもできるが、連続熱処理の場合室温まで放冷することは場所的に困難である。そこで実験の結果、常温まで放冷しなくても600℃以下まで冷却した後急冷してリラクセーションが改善するものである。
【0014】
そのために、焼戻し後の急冷前に予備冷却を行って600℃以下まで冷却することにより焼戻し加熱手段と急冷手段の間の距離を変えることなく、前記の効果が得られる。この温度は望ましくは550℃以下、さらに望ましくは500℃以下である。
【0015】
上記本発明の方法により、引張り強さ1030N/mm2 以上において1000hrリラクセーション値が3%以下のPC鋼棒を容易に得ることができる。なお、ここでいうPC鋼棒には鋼線を含むものである。
【0016】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明のリラクセーションを改善したPC鋼棒の製造方法の実施形態について説明する。図1は本発明と従来の焼戻し方法の工程を比較した図、図2は本発明と従来の焼戻し方法の冷却曲線を示す図、図3は本発明実施形態の製造に用いた装置を説明する図である。
【0017】
まず図1を用いて本発明と従来の焼戻し方法の差異を説明をする。図1(a)は本発明の請求項1の方法、図1(b)は本発明の請求項3の方法図1(c)は従来の工程を示す。図1(c)の従来法では、素材は焼入れ温度に加熱後急冷して焼入れされ、連続して焼戻し温度に加熱保持した後急冷される。このために従来の工程では、焼戻し後の急冷開始温度が600℃を超えた。
【0018】
これに対して図1(a)の本発明の方法は、焼入れは従来と同様であるが、焼戻しの際に焼戻し温度に加熱保持した後、所定時間放冷して600℃以下にし600℃以下から急冷する。また、図1(b)の本発明の方法は、焼戻し温度に加熱保持した後、放冷より早いが急冷より遅い冷却速度の強制空冷や噴霧冷却などによる予備冷却を行った後600℃以下の温度で急冷する。それにより焼戻し後の急冷開始温度を600℃以下にする点で異なる。
【0019】
以下、これについて具体的に説明する。本発明実施形態の製造に用いた装置は、図3に示すように被加工鋼線又は鋼棒(以下ワークという)Wを導入するピンチロール1の下流に焼入加熱コイル2が配設され、ワークを所定温度に急速加熱する。焼入加熱コイル2の下流に焼入冷却ジャケット3が配列され、急冷されて焼入れされる。その後、焼戻加熱コイル4により焼戻し温度に加熱されて予備冷却ジャケット5により予備冷却された後、焼戻冷却ジャケット6により急冷されて焼戻しされる。こうして焼入れ、焼戻しされたワークWはピンチロール7により送り出される。従来の装置では予備冷却ジャケット5が設けられていない。
【0020】
[予備試験]
まず焼戻し後の急冷前の温度の影響を調査するために、各種の鋼種について焼戻し後の急冷開始温度とリラクセーション値との関係を求める予備試験を行った。予備試験は48SiCr,1.7%Si,2.0%Si,及び2.5%Si鋼の4鋼種について、それぞれJIS規格B種1号、C種1号の熱処理を行った。試験は前記図3の装置から予備冷却手段5を除いた従来の高周波連続熱処理装置を使用し、焼戻加熱コイル4から焼戻冷却ジャケット6までの距離を変えることにより焼戻し加熱から急冷開始までの放冷時間を変化させて、焼戻冷却ジャケット6に入る急冷開始の温度を変化させた。その結果を図4に示す。
【0021】
図4の結果から、焼戻し加熱後の急冷開始温度とリラクセーション値には相関関係があってほぼ同一線上にプロットされ、、急冷開始温度が低いほどリラクセーション値が改善されることが判った。すなわち、48SiCrのJISC種PC鋼棒においては従来熱処理の625℃からの急冷による鋼棒のリラクセーション値が3.7%であるのに対し、急冷開始温度を600℃以下まで下げることにより、開始温度が下がるにつれて3〜1.5%まで改善された。この傾向はいずれの鋼種においても同様であった。この原因は急冷開始温度が高いほど転位が常温においてより非平衡な状態のまま固定されて常温まで冷却されるために、転位が移動しやすくリラクセーション値が大きくなるものと考えられる。
【0022】
また、図4から48SiCr鋼でJISB種PC鋼棒を熱処理する場合も、従来方法の焼戻し後急冷開始温度が600℃ではリラクセーション値が約4%であったものが、急冷開始温度を500℃にすることによりリラクセーション値が約1%に改善することができた。
【0023】
上記の結果から、焼戻冷却ジャケット6までの距離を変えて放冷時間を長くして急冷開始温度を下げることにより、焼戻し加熱後の急冷開始温度が低くなるほどリラクセーション値が改善されることが判った。しかし、実際の連続熱処理装置においては放冷によって急冷開始温度を下げることは装置の長さが長くなり困難である。そこで本発明者らは従来の急冷手段の前に予備冷却手段を設けることにより急冷開始温度を下げることを考慮し、それによっても同一の効果が得られないかどうかを試験することとした。そこで、従来の熱処理装置に図3の予備冷却手段5を設けた。
予備冷却手段は、放冷よりも冷却速度が大きく、水冷などの急冷よりも冷却速度が遅い強制空冷や噴霧冷却など冷却方法で効果があることが判った。
【0024】
図2に本発明と従来方法の熱処理の際の加熱冷却曲線を示す。図中A,B,C…の記号は図3の装置の同記号の位置を示す。すなわち、ワークWは焼入加熱コイル2のA−B間で焼入れ温度bに急速加熱された後、B−C間で均熱され焼入冷却ジャケット3のC−DでMf温度以下の温度dまで急冷される。この温度曲線は本発明も従来工程も同様である。
【0025】
焼入れされたワークWは焼戻加熱コイル4のE−Fで焼戻し温度fまで加熱され、従来の予備冷却ジャケット5のない場合は破線で示すようにF−J間で温度j´まで低下した後、温度j´から焼戻冷却ジャケット6により室温kまで急冷される。このために図に示すように焼戻し温度を700℃にした場合は、焼戻冷却ジャケット6の入口温度は600℃を超える。
【0026】
これに対し本発明の方法では、ワークWは焼戻加熱コイル4のE−Fで焼戻し温度fまで加熱された後、予備冷却ジャケット5により冷却されて温度gからhまで低下し、さらに温度jまで低下した後、焼戻冷却ジャケット6に入って温度jから急冷却され室温近辺の温度kまで冷却される。したがって、図の実線で示すように焼戻し温度を700℃にした場合も、焼戻冷却ジャケット6の入口温度は550℃以下にすることができた。このように、従来の装置で予備冷却を実施して焼戻し後の急冷開始温度を下げることができるので、従来のラインの長さのままでラインスピードのアップが可能になる。
【0027】
[実施例1]
従来設備と上記図3の本発明設備を使用し、表1に示す成分の48SiCr鋼のφ17mmの鋼材を用いて本発明と従来方法についてC種1号の強度で比較試験した。試験結果を図5〜7に示す。図5は熱処理温度、図6は引張試験結果、図7はリラクセーション試験結果を示す。
【0028】
【表1】

Figure 0004034134
【0029】
図5の熱処理温度は、従来方法では焼戻冷却ジャケットの入口温度が625℃であったが、本発明方法では576〜584℃に低下した。その結果図6の引張試験値はほぼ同等であったが図7のリラクセーション値は大幅に改善され、1000時間値で従来方法では3.7%が本発明方法では2.7%となった。
【0030】
この結果は前記図4の予備試験のリラクセーション値の同一線上にあり、予備冷却を行って温度を下げても放冷で得られた結果と同等の効果が得られることが判った。これにより、場所的に設備間を延長しないでリラクセーション値を改善することができた。すなわち、従来のラインの長さのままでラインスピードのアップが可能になる。
【0031】
[実施例2]
実施例2は表2に示す成分の2.0%Si鋼のφ17mmの鋼材を用いて本発明と従来方法についてB種1号の強度で比較試験した。2.0%Si鋼でJIS規格B種1号の熱処理を行うと焼戻し温度が高くなるため、焼戻し後の急冷開始温度も高くなりリラクセーション値が著しく悪くなる。本発明はこれを改善するものである。
【0032】
【表2】
Figure 0004034134
【0033】
試験結果を図8〜図11に示す。図8は熱処理温度、図9は引張試験結果、図10はリラクセーション試験結果、図11は試験結果における焼戻し加熱後の急冷開始温度とラクセーション値との関係を示す。
【0034】
図8において、試料No.4の従来方法では焼戻冷却ジャケットの入口温度が668℃であったが、予備冷却を行う本発明方法の試料No.3〜1では予備冷却の方法により568〜468℃に低下した。そして、図9の引張試験値はほぼ1100N/mm2 で同等であったが、急冷開始の温度低下とともに図10のリラクセーション値は大幅に改善され、1000時間値で従来方法では9.1%であったが、本発明方法では5.4〜2.4%となった。このように本発明方法によれば、予備冷却の冷却方法を選択することにより引張り強さ1080N/mm2 以上において1000hrリラクセーション値を3%以下にすることができる。なお、ここで記述しないが、JIS規格A種の引張り強さ1030N/mm2 においても1000hrリラクセーション値3%以下を得られることを確認した。
【0035】
上記結果から、焼戻加熱コイルと焼戻冷却ジャケットの間で予備冷却することによりリラクセーション値を改善できることが判った。図11の急冷開始温度とリラクセーション値の関係は、前記図4の予備試験のリラクセーション値と同一線上にある。これにより予備冷却を行って温度を下げても放冷で得られた結果と同等の効果が得られることが判った。このように予備冷却を実施することにより、装置の設備間を延長しないで従来のラインの長さのままでリラクセーション値を改善することができ、ラインスピードのアップが可能になる。
【0036】
以上述べたように本発明のPC鋼棒とその連続熱処理方法は、誘導加熱又は直接通電加熱により焼入れした後、誘導加熱又は直接通電加熱による焼戻しの際に、焼戻し温度に加熱後の急冷開始温度を600℃以下に低下させることにより、リラクセーションを大幅に改善するものである。
【0037】
連続熱処理においては、焼戻し温度に加熱後放冷によりこのような温度低下を行うことは困難である。本発明は、焼戻し温度に加熱後に予備冷却した後急冷することにより、焼戻し加熱手段と急冷手段の間の距離を変えることなく、600℃以下まで低下させて急冷手段に入れることができ、前記の効果が容易に得られるものである。
【0038】
このように予備冷却を実施し、焼戻し後の急冷開始温度を下げることにより、現有の設備のラインのままでリラクセーション値が改善され、かつスピードアップが可能になる。
【0039】
また、各種の鋼種、強度においてもPC鋼棒規格値の4以下のリラクセーション値が得られるので、JIS規格のB種とC種に同一の鋼種を使用することができる。したがって在庫管理が容易になり仕掛りを減してコストを低減できる。
【0040】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明のPC鋼棒の連続熱処理方法は、焼戻し温度に加熱後の急冷開始温度を600℃以下するという簡易な方法でリラクセーション値を改善することができる。また、焼戻し温度に加熱後に予備冷却により600℃以下まで冷却した後急冷しても同様の効果が得られる。このためPC鋼棒の性能向上ができ、コスト低減と用途の開拓ができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明と従来方法の工程を比較した図である。
【図2】 本発明と従来方法の加熱冷却曲線を示した図である。
【図3】 本発明実施形態に使用した熱処理装置を示した図である。
【図4】 焼戻し後の急冷開始温度とリラクセーション値との関係を示した図である。
【図5】 実施例1の温度条件を示した表である。
【図6】 実施例1の引張試験結果を示した表である。
【図7】 実施例1のリラクセーション試験結果を示した表である。
【図8】 実施例2の温度条件を示した表である。
【図9】 実施例2の引張試験結果を示した表である。
【図10】 実施例2のリラクセーション試験結果を示した表である。
【図11】 実施例2の焼戻し後の急冷開始温度とリラクセーション値の関係を示した図である。
【符号の説明】
W ワーク(被加工鋼線又は鋼棒)、1 ピンチロール、2 焼入加熱コイル、3 焼入冷却ジャケット、4 焼戻加熱コイル、5 予備冷却手段 6 焼戻冷却ジャケット、7 ピンチローラ[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a PC steel bar with improved relaxation value and a method for producing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Quenching and tempering heat treatment, which is rapidly heated by high frequency, provides high strength and high toughness compared to heat treatment by ordinary furnace heating. Therefore, continuous heat treatment of quenching and tempering by induction heating is performed in the manufacture of PC steel bars. ing.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventionally, improvement of the relaxation value has been a problem for PC steel bars, and many studies have been made on this improvement.
[0004]
In continuous heat treatment of PC steel bars, quenching is performed immediately after heating and holding at the tempering temperature in order to shorten the time, but the tempering temperature varies depending on the steel type and strength standard. For example, in a steel type having a tempering temperature of 620 to 650 ° C., the rapid cooling start temperature after tempering is 600 ° C. or less. However, in the case of heat treatment in the same line, in a steel type having a tempering temperature of 700 to 720 ° C., the rapid cooling start temperature after tempering is 670. It also becomes ℃. The inventors have found that such a high quenching start temperature after tempering is a cause of a decrease in the relaxation value of the PC steel bar.
[0005]
As a result of further research, the inventors have found that there is a correlation between the quenching start temperature after tempering and the relaxation value, and not only the above-mentioned steel types, but also relaxation by reducing the quenching start temperature in cooling after tempering in all steel types. We have found that the value can be improved.
[0006]
Therefore, in order to lower the temperature at the start of quenching after tempering in a continuous heat treatment apparatus, the cooling time after tempering heating is lengthened by increasing the distance between the outlet of the tempering heating means and the quenching means, and the temperature at the start of quenching. It was possible to improve the relaxation value by lowering.
[0007]
However, in this case, a long cooling distance is required in the continuous heat treatment apparatus. In particular, when the diameter of the steel bar is increased, this distance is further increased, and there is a problem that the equipment is enlarged.
[0008]
The present invention improves relaxation by lowering the temperature at the start of quenching after tempering, and continuously heat treatment of PC steel bars with improved relaxation by lowering the temperature at the start of quenching with equipment of the same size as conventional continuous heat treatment equipment It aims to provide a method.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
For this reason, the present inventors have improved the relaxation value by cooling after heating to the tempering temperature, not immediately quenching immediately after holding at the tempering temperature, but by rapidly cooling after lowering the temperature by cooling for a short time. In addition, it was found that the relaxation value can be improved without extending the existing line by performing preliminary cooling before starting normal quenching and lowering the quenching start temperature to perform cooling. Is.
[0010]
In other words, the relaxation relaxation PC steel bar of the present invention and its heat treatment method are rapidly heated to quenching temperature by induction heating or direct current heating, quenched and quenched, and then kept at the tempering temperature by induction heating or direct current heating. after, the continuous heat treatment PC steel rod which is tempered by rapidly cooling, after heated and held in a tempering temperature, 600 ° C. and quenched after cooling to a temperature below the steel by the starting temperature of rapid cooling to 600 ° C. or less It has a 1000 hr relaxation value of 3% or less at a tensile strength of 1030 N / mm 2 or more over the entire length of the bar .
This starting temperature is desirably 550 ° C. or lower, and more desirably 500 ° C. or lower.
[0011]
That is, in the conventional heat treatment of PC steel bars, the steel plate was rapidly cooled immediately after being heated to the tempering temperature. However, the present invention started the rapid cooling by heating to the tempering temperature, allowing it to cool to 600 ° C. or lower, and then rapidly cooling. The relaxation is improved by lowering the temperature. Although the rapid cooling start temperature varies depending on the steel type (chemical component) of the PC steel rod, as will be described later, the relaxation value is improved as the rapid cooling start temperature is lowered to about 600 ° C. to 450 ° C.
[0012]
In addition, the PC steel bar with improved relaxation according to the present invention and its manufacturing method are rapidly heated to the quenching temperature by induction heating or direct current heating, quenched and quenched, and then kept at the tempering temperature by induction heating or direct current heating. After that, in the continuously heat-treated PC steel bar rapidly cooled and tempered, after heating and holding at the tempering temperature, precooling is performed to cool to a temperature of 600 ° C. or lower, and the steel rod is fully cooled by rapidly cooling from the temperature of 600 ° C. or lower. In addition, when the tensile strength is 1030 N / mm 2 or more, the 1000 hr relaxation value is 3% or less .
[0013]
That is, as described above, it is possible to improve the relaxation value by performing rapid cooling such as cooling after tempering and then lowering the temperature and then rapidly cooling, but in the case of continuous heat treatment, it is allowed to cool to room temperature. It is difficult to place. Therefore, as a result of the experiment, relaxation is improved by cooling rapidly to 600 ° C. or less after cooling to room temperature without cooling to room temperature.
[0014]
Therefore, the above-mentioned effect can be obtained without changing the distance between the tempering heating means and the rapid cooling means by performing preliminary cooling before quenching after tempering and cooling to 600 ° C. or less. This temperature is desirably 550 ° C. or less, and more desirably 500 ° C. or less.
[0015]
By the method of the present invention, a PC steel bar having a 1000 hr relaxation value of 3% or less can be easily obtained at a tensile strength of 1030 N / mm 2 or more. The PC steel bar referred to here includes a steel wire.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a method for producing a PC steel bar with improved relaxation according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a diagram comparing the steps of the present invention and a conventional tempering method, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a cooling curve of the present invention and the conventional tempering method, and FIG. 3 illustrates an apparatus used for manufacturing the embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
[0017]
First, the difference between the present invention and the conventional tempering method will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1A shows the method of claim 1 of the present invention , FIG. 1B shows the method of claim 3 of the present invention , and FIG . 1C shows the conventional process. In the conventional method shown in FIG. 1 (c) , the material is quenched and quenched after being heated to the quenching temperature, and then rapidly cooled after being heated to the tempering temperature. For this reason, in the conventional process, the quenching start temperature after tempering exceeded 600 ° C.
[0018]
The method of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 (a) For this, quenching is similar to the prior art, was heated held at the tempering temperature at the time of tempering, and to 600 ° C. or less was allowed to cool predetermined time 600 ° C. Cool quickly from the following. Further, the method of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 (b) is heated to the tempering temperature, and after preliminary cooling by forced air cooling or spray cooling at a cooling rate that is faster than the cooling but slower than the rapid cooling, is 600 ° C. or lower. Quench rapidly with temperature . This is different in that the rapid cooling start temperature after tempering is 600 ° C. or lower.
[0019]
This will be specifically described below. The apparatus used for manufacturing the embodiment of the present invention has a quenching heating coil 2 disposed downstream of a pinch roll 1 for introducing a steel wire or a steel rod (hereinafter referred to as a workpiece) W as shown in FIG. The workpiece is rapidly heated to a predetermined temperature. A quenching / cooling jacket 3 is arranged downstream of the quenching / heating coil 2 and quenched and quenched. Then, after being heated to the tempering temperature by the tempering heating coil 4 and preliminarily cooled by the preliminary cooling jacket 5, it is rapidly cooled by the tempering cooling jacket 6 and tempered. The work W thus quenched and tempered is sent out by the pinch roll 7. In the conventional apparatus, the preliminary cooling jacket 5 is not provided.
[0020]
[Preliminary test]
First, in order to investigate the influence of the temperature before quenching after tempering, preliminary tests were conducted to find the relationship between the quenching start temperature after tempering and the relaxation value for various steel types. In the preliminary test, heat treatment of JIS standard class B No. 1 and class C No. 1 was performed on four steel types of 48SiCr, 1.7% Si, 2.0% Si, and 2.5% Si steel. The test uses a conventional high-frequency continuous heat treatment apparatus except the precooling means 5 from the apparatus shown in FIG. 3, and changes the distance from the tempering heating coil 4 to the tempering cooling jacket 6 until the start of tempering heating to the rapid cooling. The temperature of the rapid cooling start entering the tempering cooling jacket 6 was changed by changing the cooling time. The result is shown in FIG.
[0021]
From the results of FIG. 4, it was found that the quenching start temperature after tempering heating and the relaxation value are correlated and plotted on almost the same line, and the relaxation value is improved as the quenching start temperature is lower. That is, for relaxation value of steel bar by quenching from 625 ° C. prior heat treatment in JISC species PC steel bars 48SiCr that a 3.7%, by lowering the quenching start temperature to 600 ° C. or less, the starting temperature As the value decreased, it improved to 3 to 1.5%. This tendency was the same for all steel types. This is probably because the higher the rapid cooling start temperature, the dislocations are fixed in a non-equilibrium state at room temperature and cooled to room temperature, so that the dislocations move more easily and the relaxation value increases.
[0022]
In addition, when heat treating a JISB type PC steel bar with 48 SiCr steel from FIG. 4, the relaxation value was about 4% when the quenching start temperature after tempering was 600 ° C. in the conventional method, but the quenching start temperature was set to 500 ° C. By doing so, the relaxation value could be improved to about 1%.
[0023]
From the above results, by lowering the quenching start temperature by increasing the cooling time by changing the distance to tempering cooling jacket 6, the quenching start temperature after tempering heating relaxation value is improved as low Kunar I understood . However, in an actual continuous heat treatment apparatus, it is difficult to lower the rapid cooling start temperature by allowing it to cool because the length of the apparatus becomes long. In view of this, the present inventors considered reducing the rapid cooling start temperature by providing a preliminary cooling means before the conventional rapid cooling means, and decided to test whether the same effect could be obtained. Therefore, the precooling means 5 of FIG. 3 is provided in the conventional heat treatment apparatus.
It has been found that the pre-cooling means is effective for cooling methods such as forced air cooling and spray cooling, which have a cooling rate larger than that of standing cooling and slower cooling rate than water cooling.
[0024]
FIG. 2 shows heating and cooling curves during the heat treatment of the present invention and the conventional method. In the figure, the symbols A, B, C... Indicate the positions of the symbols in the apparatus of FIG. That is, the workpiece W is rapidly heated to a quenching temperature b between A and B of the quenching heating coil 2 and then soaked between B and C, and a temperature d equal to or lower than the Mf temperature at CD of the quenching cooling jacket 3. It is cooled rapidly. This temperature curve is the same for the present invention and the conventional process.
[0025]
The hardened workpiece W is heated to the tempering temperature f by EF of the tempering heating coil 4, and when the conventional precooling jacket 5 is not provided, after being lowered to the temperature j ′ between FJ as shown by the broken line. Then, it is rapidly cooled from the temperature j ′ to the room temperature k by the tempering cooling jacket 6. Therefore, as shown in the figure, when the tempering temperature is set to 700 ° C., the inlet temperature of the tempering cooling jacket 6 exceeds 600 ° C.
[0026]
On the other hand, in the method of the present invention, the workpiece W is heated to the tempering temperature f by EF of the tempering heating coil 4 and then cooled by the preliminary cooling jacket 5 to be lowered from the temperature g to h. Then, it enters the tempering cooling jacket 6 and is rapidly cooled from the temperature j to the temperature k near room temperature. Therefore, even when the tempering temperature was set to 700 ° C. as indicated by the solid line in the figure, the inlet temperature of the tempering cooling jacket 6 could be made 550 ° C. or lower. In this way, since the preliminary cooling can be performed with the conventional apparatus to reduce the rapid cooling start temperature after tempering, the line speed can be increased while maintaining the length of the conventional line.
[0027]
[Example 1]
Using the conventional equipment and the equipment of the present invention shown in FIG. 3 above, the present invention and the conventional method were compared and tested with the strength of Class C No. 1 using 48SiCr steel material having the composition shown in Table 1 and having a diameter of 17 mm. The test results are shown in FIGS. FIG. 5 shows the heat treatment temperature, FIG. 6 shows the tensile test results, and FIG. 7 shows the relaxation test results.
[0028]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004034134
[0029]
The heat treatment temperature shown in FIG. 5 was 625 ° C. at the inlet temperature of the tempering cooling jacket in the conventional method, but decreased to 576 to 584 ° C. in the method of the present invention. As a result, the tensile test values in FIG. 6 were almost the same, but the relaxation values in FIG. 7 were greatly improved. At 1000 hours, the conventional method was 3.7% and the method of the present invention was 2.7%.
[0030]
This result is on the same line as the relaxation value of the preliminary test in FIG. 4, and it has been found that even if preliminary cooling is performed and the temperature is lowered, an effect equivalent to the result obtained by cooling is obtained. As a result, the relaxation value could be improved without extending the space between facilities. That is, the line speed can be increased while maintaining the conventional line length.
[0031]
[Example 2]
In Example 2, a 2.0% Si steel material of φ17 mm having the components shown in Table 2 was used, and the present invention and the conventional method were comparatively tested with the strength of Class B No. 1. When the heat treatment of JIS standard type B No. 1 is performed on 2.0% Si steel, the tempering temperature is increased, so that the quenching start temperature after tempering is also increased and the relaxation value is remarkably deteriorated. The present invention improves this.
[0032]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004034134
[0033]
The test results are shown in FIGS. FIG. 8 shows the heat treatment temperature, FIG. 9 shows the tensile test results, FIG. 10 shows the relaxation test results, and FIG. 11 shows the relationship between the quenching start temperature after tempering heating and the relaxation value in the test results.
[0034]
In FIG . In the conventional method of No. 4, the inlet temperature of the tempering cooling jacket was 668 ° C. In 3-1, it fell to 568-468 degreeC by the method of precooling . Then, although the tensile test values in Fig. 9 were comparable at approximately 1100 N / mm 2, relaxation value of 10 with a temperature drop of the start quench is greatly improved, with 9.1% in the conventional way at 1000 hours value However, it was 5.4 to 2.4% in the method of the present invention. Thus, according to the method of the present invention, the 1000 hr relaxation value can be reduced to 3% or less at a tensile strength of 1080 N / mm 2 or more by selecting a cooling method of pre-cooling . Although not described here, it was confirmed that a 1000 hr relaxation value of 3% or less was obtained even at a tensile strength of 1030 N / mm 2 of JIS standard A class.
[0035]
From the above results, it was found that the relaxation value can be improved by precooling between the tempering heating coil and the tempering cooling jacket. The relationship between the rapid cooling start temperature and the relaxation value in FIG. 11 is on the same line as the relaxation value in the preliminary test in FIG. As a result, it has been found that even if preliminary cooling is performed and the temperature is lowered, an effect equivalent to the result obtained by cooling is obtained. By performing the preliminary cooling in this way, the relaxation value can be improved while maintaining the length of the conventional line without extending between the facilities of the apparatus, and the line speed can be increased.
[0036]
As described above, the PC steel rod of the present invention and the continuous heat treatment method thereof are the quenching start temperature after heating to the tempering temperature after quenching by induction heating or direct current heating and then tempering by induction heating or direct current heating. Is lowered to 600 ° C. or lower, thereby greatly improving relaxation.
[0037]
In the continuous heat treatment, it is difficult to reduce the temperature to the tempering temperature by cooling after heating. The present invention can be cooled to 600 ° C. or less and put into the quenching means without changing the distance between the tempering heating means and the quenching means by pre-cooling after pre-cooling after heating to the tempering temperature. The effect can be easily obtained.
[0038]
By performing preliminary cooling in this way and lowering the rapid cooling start temperature after tempering, the relaxation value can be improved and the speed can be increased while maintaining the existing equipment line.
[0039]
Moreover, since the relaxation value of 4 or less of the PC steel bar standard value can be obtained in various steel types and strengths, the same steel type can be used for Class B and Class C of the JIS standard. Therefore, inventory management becomes easy, and the in-process can be reduced and the cost can be reduced.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the continuous heat treatment method for PC steel rods according to the present invention can improve the relaxation value by a simple method of setting the quenching start temperature after heating to 600 ° C. or less to the tempering temperature. Further, the same effect can be obtained by heating to the tempering temperature and then cooling to 600 ° C. or lower by preliminary cooling and then rapidly cooling. For this reason, the performance of the PC steel bar can be improved, and the cost can be reduced and the application can be developed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram comparing the steps of the present invention and a conventional method.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing heating and cooling curves of the present invention and a conventional method.
FIG. 3 is a view showing a heat treatment apparatus used in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a relationship between a rapid cooling start temperature after tempering and a relaxation value.
FIG. 5 is a table showing temperature conditions of Example 1.
6 is a table showing the tensile test results of Example 1. FIG.
7 is a table showing the relaxation test results of Example 1. FIG.
8 is a table showing temperature conditions in Example 2. FIG.
9 is a table showing the tensile test results of Example 2. FIG.
10 is a table showing the relaxation test results of Example 2. FIG.
11 is a graph showing the relationship between the quenching start temperature after tempering and the relaxation value in Example 2. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
W Workpiece (working steel wire or steel bar), 1 pinch roll, 2 quenching heating coil, 3 quenching cooling jacket, 4 tempering heating coil, 5 precooling means 6 tempering cooling jacket, 7 pinch roller

Claims (4)

誘導加熱又は直接通電加熱により焼入れ温度に急速加熱、急冷して焼入れされた後、誘導加熱又は直接通電加熱により焼戻し温度に加熱保持後、急速冷却して焼戻しされた連続熱処理PC鋼棒において、焼戻し温度に加熱保持後、600℃以下の温度まで放冷した後急冷して、急冷の開始温度を600℃以下にすることにより鋼棒全長にわたり引張り強さが1030N/mm 2 以上において1000hrリラクセーション値が3%以下であることを特徴とするリラクセーションを改善したPC鋼棒。Tempering in a continuously heat treated PC steel rod that is rapidly heated to quenching temperature by induction heating or direct current heating, quenched and quenched, then heated to the tempering temperature by induction heating or direct current heating, and then rapidly cooled and tempered After heating and holding at a temperature, the product is allowed to cool to 600 ° C. or less and then rapidly cooled, and the quenching start temperature is set to 600 ° C. or less, whereby the relaxation value is 1000 hr at a tensile strength of 1030 N / mm 2 or more over the entire length of the steel rod. PC steel bar with improved relaxation, characterized by being 3% or less . 誘導加熱又は直接通電加熱により焼入れ温度に急速加熱、急冷して焼入れされた後、誘導加熱又は直接通電加熱により焼戻し温度に加熱保持後、急速冷却して焼戻しされた連続熱処理PC鋼棒において、焼戻し温度に加熱保持後、予備冷却を行って600℃以下の温度まで冷却し、600℃以下の温度から急冷することにより鋼棒全長にわたり引張り強さが1030N/mm 2 以上において1000hrリラクセーション値が3%以下であることを特徴とするリラクセーションを改善したPC鋼棒。Tempering in a continuously heat treated PC steel rod that is rapidly heated to quenching temperature by induction heating or direct current heating, quenched and quenched, then heated to the tempering temperature by induction heating or direct current heating, and then rapidly cooled and tempered After heating and holding at a temperature, pre-cooling is performed to cool to a temperature of 600 ° C. or less, and by rapidly cooling from a temperature of 600 ° C. or less , a 1000 hr relaxation value is 3% at a tensile strength of 1030 N / mm 2 or more over the entire length of the steel rod. A PC steel bar with improved relaxation , characterized by: 誘導加熱又は直接通電加熱により焼入れ温度に急速加熱、急冷して焼入れされた後、誘導加熱又は直接通電加熱により焼戻し温度に加熱保持後、急速冷却して焼戻しするPC鋼棒の連続熱処理において、焼戻し温度に加熱保持後、600℃以下の温度まで放冷した後急冷して、急冷の開始温度を600℃以下にすることにより鋼棒全長にわたり引張り強さが1030N/mm 2 以上において1000hrリラクセーション値が3%以下にリラクセーションを改善することを特徴とするPC鋼棒の連続熱処理方法。Tempering in continuous heat treatment of PC steel bars that are rapidly heated to quenching temperature by induction heating or direct current heating, quenched and quenched, then heated to the tempering temperature by induction heating or direct current heating, and then rapidly cooled and tempered After heating and holding at a temperature, the product is allowed to cool to 600 ° C. or less and then rapidly cooled, and the quenching start temperature is set to 600 ° C. or less, whereby the relaxation value is 1000 hr at a tensile strength of 1030 N / mm 2 or more over the entire length of the steel rod. A continuous heat treatment method for PC steel bars characterized by improving relaxation to 3% or less . 誘導加熱又は直接通電加熱により焼入れ温度に急速加熱、急冷して焼入れされた後、誘導加熱又は直接通電加熱により焼戻し温度に加熱保持後、急速冷却して焼戻しするPC鋼棒の連続熱処理において、焼戻し温度に加熱保持後、予備冷却を行って600℃以下の温度まで冷却し、600℃以下の温度から急冷することにより鋼棒全長にわたり引張り強さが1030N/mm 2 以上において1000hrリラクセーション値が3%以下にリラクセーションを改善することを特徴とするPC鋼棒の連続熱処理方法。Tempering in continuous heat treatment of PC steel bars that are rapidly heated to quenching temperature by induction heating or direct current heating, quenched and quenched, then heated to the tempering temperature by induction heating or direct current heating, and then rapidly cooled and tempered After heating and holding at a temperature, pre-cooling is performed to cool to a temperature of 600 ° C. or less, and by rapidly cooling from a temperature of 600 ° C. or less , a 1000 hr relaxation value is 3% at a tensile strength of 1030 N / mm 2 or more over the entire length of the steel rod. The following is a continuous heat treatment method for PC steel bars characterized by improving relaxation.
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