JP4033788B2 - Heat pump equipment - Google Patents

Heat pump equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4033788B2
JP4033788B2 JP2003047487A JP2003047487A JP4033788B2 JP 4033788 B2 JP4033788 B2 JP 4033788B2 JP 2003047487 A JP2003047487 A JP 2003047487A JP 2003047487 A JP2003047487 A JP 2003047487A JP 4033788 B2 JP4033788 B2 JP 4033788B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
hot water
water
heater
heat pump
gas cooler
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JP2003047487A
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JP2004257627A (en
Inventor
邦衛 関上
清 小山
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Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
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Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/06—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • F25B2309/061—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide with cycle highest pressure above the supercritical pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/047—Water-cooled condensers

Landscapes

  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、給湯と暖房を行うヒートポンプ装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
一般に、第１圧縮機、第１冷媒対水熱交換器、第１減圧装置、第１蒸発器を閉ループに接続し、第１冷媒対水熱交換器には第１温水配管、第１循環ポンプを介して貯湯タンクを接続したヒートポンプ給湯機が知られている（特許文献１参照）。一方、第２圧縮機、第２冷媒対水熱交換器、第２減圧装置、第２蒸発器を閉ループに接続し、第２冷媒対水熱交換器には第２温水配管、第２循環ポンプを介して温水暖房機器を接続したヒートポンプ暖房機が知られている。
【０００３】
【特許文献１】
特開２００３−２８５３８号公報
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
この種の給湯機、或いは暖房機を、ビル等に別々に設置した場合、例えば、夜間に暖房運転を停止させて、ヒートポンプ暖房機の熱を、ヒートポンプ給湯機に汲み上げて給湯運転したり、或いは、ヒートポンプ給湯機で夜間に蓄熱運転させておいて、この蓄熱を昼間に、ヒートポンプ暖房機に汲み上げて暖房運転したり、等の運転制御を行うことはできない。
【０００５】
そこで、本発明の目的は、上述した従来の技術が有する課題を解消し、給湯機、及び暖房機の連係を持たせた運転制御を簡単に行うことができるヒートポンプ装置を提供することにある。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項１に記載の発明は、第１圧縮機、第１ガスクーラ、第１減圧装置、第１蒸発器を閉ループに接続し、二酸化炭素冷媒等を封入することにより、運転中にガス管内が超臨界圧力で運転されるように構成すると共に、第１ガスクーラには第１温水配管、第１循環ポンプを介して貯湯タンクを接続したヒートポンプ給湯機と、第２圧縮機、第２ガスクーラ、第２減圧装置、第２蒸発器を閉ループに接続し、二酸化炭素冷媒等を封入することにより、運転中にガス管内が超臨界圧力で運転されるように構成すると共に、第２ガスクーラには第２温水配管、第２循環ポンプを介して温水暖房機器を接続したヒートポンプ暖房機とを備え、第１温水配管に第１ガスクーラと直列に水対水熱交換器を接続し、この水対水熱交換器を第２温水配管に温水暖房機器と並列に接続し、夜間等に温水暖房機器の暖房が不要になった場合、温水暖房機器を利用しての暖房運転を停止させ、ヒートポンプ暖房機側の温水を水対水熱交換器に循環させることにより、当該温水の熱を、ヒートポンプ給湯機側に汲み上げながら給湯運転を可能としたことを特徴とする。
【０００８】
請求項２記載の発明は、第１圧縮機、第１ガスクーラ、第１減圧装置、第１蒸発器を閉ループに接続し、二酸化炭素冷媒等を封入することにより、運転中にガス管内が超臨界圧力で運転されるように構成すると共に、第１ガスクーラには第１温水配管、第１循環ポンプを介して貯湯タンクを接続したヒートポンプ給湯機と、第２圧縮機、第２ガスクーラ、第２減圧装置、第２蒸発器を閉ループに接続し、二酸化炭素冷媒等を封入することにより、運転中にガス管内が超臨界圧力で運転されるように構成すると共に、第２ガスクーラには第２温水配管、第２循環ポンプを介して温水暖房機器を接続したヒートポンプ暖房機とを備え、第２温水配管に第２ガスクーラと直列に水対水熱交換器を接続し、この水対水熱交換器を第１温水配管に貯湯タンクと並列に接続し、夜間等に、まずヒートポンプ給湯機を運転し、貯湯タンク内に温水蓄熱させ、暖房が必要となった場合、第１循環ポンプを運転させると共に、ヒートポンプ暖房機を運転させて、第１循環ポンプの運転により、貯湯タンク内に貯えられた温水を水対水熱交換器に循環し、貯湯タンクに貯えられた温水の熱を、ヒートポンプ暖房機側に汲み上げながら暖房運転を可能としたことを特徴とする。
【０００９】
請求項３記載の発明は、第１圧縮機、第１ガスクーラ、第１減圧装置、第１蒸発器を閉ループに接続し、二酸化炭素冷媒等を封入することにより、運転中にガス管内が超臨界圧力で運転されるように構成すると共に、第１ガスクーラには第１温水配管、第１循環ポンプを介して貯湯タンクを接続したヒートポンプ給湯機と、第２圧縮機、第２ガスクーラ、第２減圧装置、第２蒸発器を閉ループに接続し、二酸化炭素冷媒等を封入することにより、運転中にガス管内が超臨界圧力で運転されるように構成すると共に、第２ガスクーラには第２温水配管、第２循環ポンプを介して温水暖房機器を接続したヒートポンプ暖房機とを備え、第１温水配管に第１ガスクーラと並列に水対水熱交換器を接続し、この水対水熱交換器を第２温水配管に温水暖房機器と並列に接続し、夜間等に温水暖房機器の暖房が不要になった場合、温水暖房機器を利用しての暖房運転を停止させ、ヒートポンプ暖房機側の温水を水対水熱交換器に循環させることにより、当該温水の熱を、ヒートポンプ給湯機側に汲み上げながら給湯運転を可能としたことを特徴とする。
【００１０】
請求項４記載の発明は、第１圧縮機、第１ガスクーラ、第１減圧装置、第１蒸発器を閉ループに接続し、二酸化炭素冷媒等を封入することにより、運転中にガス管内が超臨界圧力で運転されるように構成すると共に、第１ガスクーラには第１温水配管、第１循環ポンプを介して貯湯タンクを接続したヒートポンプ給湯機と、第２圧縮機、第２ガスクーラ、第２減圧装置、第２蒸発器を閉ループに接続し、二酸化炭素冷媒等を封入することにより、運転中にガス管内が超臨界圧力で運転されるように構成すると共に、第２ガスクーラには第２温水配管、第２循環ポンプを介して温水暖房機器を接続したヒートポンプ暖房機とを備え、第２温水配管に第２ガスクーラと並列に水対水熱交換器を接続し、この水対水熱交換器を第１温水配管に貯湯タンクと並列に接続し、夜間等に、まずヒートポンプ給湯機を運転し、貯湯タンク内に温水蓄熱させ、暖房が必要となった場合、第１循環ポンプを運転させると共に、ヒートポンプ暖房機を運転させて、第１循環ポンプの運転により、貯湯タンク内に貯えられた温水を水対水熱交換器に循環し、貯湯タンクに貯えられた温水の熱を、ヒートポンプ暖房機側に汲み上げながら暖房運転を可能としたことを特徴とする。
【００１１】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を、図面に基づき説明する。
【００１２】
第一の実施形態
図１は、本発明に係るヒートポンプ装置の一実施形態を示す冷媒回路図である。このヒートポンプ装置３０は、ヒートポンプ給湯機１０と、ヒートポンプ暖房機２０とを備えて構成される。
【００１３】
ヒートポンプ給湯機１０は、第１圧縮機１１、第１冷媒対水熱交換器（以下、第１ガスクーラという。）１２、第１減圧装置１３、第１蒸発器１４、アキュムレータ１８を冷媒配管１９によって閉ループに接続し、第１ガスクーラ１２には、第１温水配管１５、第１循環ポンプ１６を介して貯湯タンク（第１負荷）１７を接続して構成されている。ヒートポンプ暖房機２０は、第２圧縮機２１、第２冷媒対水熱交換器（以下、第２ガスクーラという。）２２、第２減圧装置２３、第２蒸発器２４、アキュムレータ２８を冷媒配管２９によって閉ループに接続し、第２ガスクーラ２２には第２温水配管２５、第２循環ポンプ２６を介して温水暖房機器（第２負荷）２７を接続して構成されている。
【００１４】
ヒートポンプ給湯機１０の第１温水配管１５の内、第１ガスクーラ１２への温水供給管１５Ａには、第１循環ポンプ１６が接続され、この第１循環ポンプ１６と第１ガスクーラ１２との間には、第１ガスクーラ１２と直列に、水対水熱交換器３１が接続されている。また、ヒートポンプ暖房機２０の第２温水配管２５の内、第２ガスクーラ２２への温水供給管２５Ａには、第２循環ポンプ２６が接続されている。
【００１５】
水対水熱交換器３１は、第１温水配管１５につながる第１水コイル３１Ａと、第２温水配管２５につながる第２水コイル３１Ｂとを備えて構成されている。この水対水熱交換器３１は、第２温水配管２５に対し、上記温水暖房機器２７と並列に接続されている。すなわち、水対水熱交換器３１の第２水コイル３１Ｂの一端Ａは、配管３２を介して、温水暖房機器２７と第２循環ポンプ２６との間の温水供給管２５Ａに接続され、第２水コイル３１Ｂの他端Ｂは、配管３３を介して、三方弁３４に接続され、この三方弁３４は、第２ガスクーラ２２からの温水戻り管２５Ｂに接続されている。
【００１６】
ヒートポンプ給湯機１０の冷凍サイクル、及びヒートポンプ暖房機２０の冷凍サイクルには、二酸化炭素冷媒が封入されている。この二酸化炭素冷媒が封入された場合、図２のエンタルピ・圧力線図に示すように、ガス管１９Ａ，２９Ａ内は運転中に超臨界圧力で運転される。ガス管１９Ａ，２９Ａ内が、超臨界圧力で運転される冷媒には、二酸化炭素冷媒のほかに、例えばエチレン、ディボラン、エタン、酸化窒素等が挙げられる。
【００１７】
図２では、圧縮機２の出口は状態ａで示される。冷媒は、ガスクーラ１２，２２を通って循環し、そこで状態ｂまで冷却され、熱を温水配管１５，２５内の水に放出する。冷媒は、所望により、状態ｃまで冷却される。ついで、冷媒は、減圧装置１３，２３での圧力低下により、状態ｄに至り、ここではガス／液体の２相混合体が形成される。冷媒は、蒸発器１４，２４において、液相の蒸発により熱を吸収する。ガス相の冷媒は、状態ｅを経て、状態ｆまで加熱されてから、蒸発器１４，２４を出て圧縮機２の吸込管に向かう。
【００１８】
上記超臨界サイクルにおいて、圧縮機２から吐出される高圧単相ガス冷媒は、凝縮されないが、熱交換器において温度低下が起こる。
【００１９】
ガスクーラ１２，２２（状態ｂ）における冷媒の最終温度は、温水の温度よりも数度高い。そして、高圧ガスはガスクーラ１２，２２において、数度低い状態ｃまで冷却される。
【００２０】
つぎに、動作を説明する。
【００２１】
通常運転時には、ヒートポンプ暖房機２０の三方弁３４が、通常運転位置に切り替わって、ヒートポンプ給湯機１０と、ヒートポンプ暖房機２０との連係が断たれ、各々別個に運転される。
【００２２】
ヒートポンプ給湯機１０では、第１圧縮機１１、第１ガスクーラ１２、第１減圧装置１３、第１蒸発器１４、アキュムレータ１８の順に冷媒が流れる。そして、第１ガスクーラ１２で、第１温水配管１５内を循環する温水が暖められ、この温水が貯湯タンク１７に貯湯される。
【００２３】
ヒートポンプ暖房機２０では、第２圧縮機２１、第２ガスクーラ２２、第２減圧装置２３、第２蒸発器２４、アキュムレータ２８の順に冷媒が流れる。そして、第２ガスクーラ２２で、第２温水配管２５内を循環する温水が暖められ、この温水が温水暖房機器２７に供給され、この温水暖房機器２７によって被調和室が暖房される。２７Ａはファンである。
【００２４】
本実施形態では、ヒートポンプ給湯機１０と、ヒートポンプ暖房機２０との連係運転が可能である。この場合、ヒートポンプ暖房機２０の三方弁３４が、連係運転位置に切り替わる。ここで連係運転とは、ヒートポンプ給湯機１０と、ヒートポンプ暖房機２０とを同時に運転させながら、ヒートポンプ暖房機２０側では、第２ガスクーラ２２で暖められた温水を、温水暖房機器２７をバイパスさせて、すべてヒートポンプ給湯機１０の水対水熱交換器３１の第２水コイル３１Ｂに循環させる運転である。
【００２５】
本実施形態では、例えば、夜間等に被調和室の暖房が不要になった場合、ヒートポンプ暖房機２０の三方弁３４を連係運転位置に切り替えることにより、温水暖房機器２７を利用しての暖房運転を停止させ、このヒートポンプ暖房機２０側の温水を、配管３２，３３を介して、水対水熱交換器３１に循環させることにより、当該温水の熱を、ヒートポンプ給湯機１０側に汲み上げながら給湯運転することが可能になり、給湯効率が向上する。
【００２６】
第二の実施形態
図３は、別の実施形態を示す。
【００２７】
この実施形態では、ヒートポンプ暖房機２０の第２温水配管２５の内、第２循環ポンプ２６と第２ガスクーラ２２との間の温水供給管２５Ａに、第２ガスクーラ２２と直列に、水対水熱交換器４１が接続されている。
【００２８】
この水対水熱交換器４１は、第２温水配管２５につながる第１水コイル４１Ａと、第１温水配管１５につながる第２水コイル４１Ｂとを備えて構成されている。この水対水熱交換器４１は、第１温水配管１５に対し、上記貯湯タンク１７と並列に接続されている。
【００２９】
すなわち、水対水熱交換器４１の第２水コイル４１Ｂの一端Ａは、水用の配管４２を介して、貯湯タンク１７と第１循環ポンプ１６との間の温水供給管１５Ａに接続され、第２水コイル４１Ｂの他端Ｂは、水用の配管４３を介して、三方弁４４に接続され、この三方弁４４は、第１ガスクーラ１２からの温水戻り管１５Ｂに接続されている。
【００３０】
通常運転時、ヒートポンプ給湯機１０の三方弁４４が、通常運転位置に切り替わって、ヒートポンプ給湯機１０と、ヒートポンプ暖房機２０との連係が断たれ、各々別個に運転される。
【００３１】
本実施形態では、上記実施形態と同様に連係運転が可能である。例えば、電気料金の安価な夜間に、まずヒートポンプ給湯機１０を運転し、貯湯タンク１７内に温水蓄熱させる。
【００３２】
そして、暖房が必要となった場合、ヒートポンプ給湯機１０の三方弁４４を連係運転位置に切り替え、第１循環ポンプ１６を運転させると共に、ヒートポンプ暖房機２０を運転させる。すると、第１循環ポンプ１６の運転により、貯湯タンク１７内に貯えられた温水が、第１ガスクーラ１２、三方弁４４、水用の配管４３、４２を介して、水対水熱交換器４１の第２水コイル４１Ｂを循環する。
【００３３】
これによれば、貯湯タンク１７に貯えられた温水の熱を、ヒートポンプ暖房機２０側に汲み上げることができ、これを汲み上げながらの暖房運転となるため、暖房効率が向上する。
【００３４】
第三の実施形態
図４は、別の実施形態を示す。
【００３５】
この実施形態では、第１循環ポンプ１６と第１ガスクーラ１２との間に、第１ガスクーラ１２と並列に、水対水熱交換器５０が接続されている。その他の構成は、図１の実施形態とほぼ同様である。
【００３６】
水対水熱交換器５０は、第１温水配管１５につながる第１水コイル５０Ａと、第２温水配管２５につながる第２水コイル５０Ｂとを備えて構成されている。この水対水熱交換器５０は、第２温水配管２５に対し、上記温水暖房機器２７と並列に接続されている。すなわち、水対水熱交換器５０の第２水コイル５０Ｂの一端Ａは、配管３２を介して、温水暖房機器２７と第２循環ポンプ２６との間の温水供給管２５Ａに接続され、第２水コイル５０Ｂの他端Ｂは、配管３３を介して、三方弁３４に接続され、この三方弁３４は、第２ガスクーラ２２からの温水戻り管２５Ｂに接続されている。
【００３７】
この構成では、図１の実施形態と同様に、例えば、夜間等に被調和室の暖房が不要になった場合、ヒートポンプ暖房機２０の三方弁３４を連係運転位置に切り替えることにより、温水暖房機器２７を利用しての暖房運転を停止させ、このヒートポンプ暖房機２０側の温水を、配管３２，３３を介して、水対水熱交換器３１に循環させることにより、当該温水の熱を、ヒートポンプ給湯機１０側に汲み上げながら給湯運転することが可能になり、給湯効率が向上する。
【００３８】
本実施形態では、図１の実施形態と異なり、水対水熱交換器５０が、第１ガスクーラ１２と並列に接続されているため、第１循環ポンプ１６を通じて循環する温水は、第１ガスクーラ１２、及び水対水熱交換器５０に並列に流すことができる。従って、これらが直列に接続された場合（図１）と比較して、第１ガスクーラ１２の効率を向上させることができる。
【００３９】
第四の実施形態
図３の実施形態では、上述したように、第２温水配管２５に対し、第２ガスクーラ２２と並列に、水対水熱交換器４１を接続して構成されている。これに対し、第四の実施形態としては、図示は省略したが、第２温水配管２５に対し、第２ガスクーラ２２と並列に、水対水熱交換器を接続してもよい。この構成では、第三の実施形態と同様に、これらが直列に接続された場合（図３）と比較し、第２ガスクーラ２２の効率を向上させることができる。
【００４０】
以上、一実施形態に基づいて本発明を説明したが、本発明は、これに限定されるものではない。
【００４１】
【発明の効果】
本発明では、給湯機、及び暖房機の連係を持たせ、ヒートポンプ暖房機の熱を、ヒートポンプ給湯機に汲み上げて給湯運転したり、或いは、ヒートポンプ給湯機で蓄熱した熱を、ヒートポンプ暖房機に汲み上げて暖房運転したり、等の運転制御を簡単に行うことができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明に係るヒートポンプ装置の一実施の形態を示す冷媒回路図である。
【図２】エンタルピ・圧力線図である。
【図３】別の実施の形態を示す冷媒回路図である。
【図４】別の実施の形態を示す冷媒回路図である。
【符号の説明】
１０ ヒートポンプ給湯機
１１ 第１圧縮機
１２ 第１冷媒対水熱交換器（第１ガスクーラ）
１３ 第１減圧装置
１４ 第１蒸発器
１５ 第１温水配管
１６ 第１循環ポンプ
１７ 貯湯タンク
２０ ヒートポンプ暖房機（第１負荷）
２１ 第２圧縮機
２２ 第２冷媒対水熱交換器（第２ガスクーラ）
２３ 第２減圧装置
２４ 第２蒸発器
２５ 第２温水配管
２６ 第２循環ポンプ
２７ 温水暖房機器（第２負荷）
３０ ヒートポンプ装置
３１，４１ 水対水熱交換器
３４，４４ 三方弁[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a heat pump device that performs hot water supply and heating.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, a first compressor, a first refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger, a first decompressor, and a first evaporator are connected in a closed loop, and the first refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger includes a first hot water pipe and a first circulation pump. There is known a heat pump water heater connected to a hot water storage tank via a pipe (see Patent Document 1). On the other hand, the second compressor, the second refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger, the second decompression device, and the second evaporator are connected in a closed loop, and the second refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger includes a second hot water pipe and a second circulation pump. 2. Description of the Related Art Heat pump heaters that connect hot water heaters via a heater are known.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-28538
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
When this type of water heater or heater is installed separately in a building or the like, for example, the heating operation is stopped at night, the heat of the heat pump heater is pumped to the heat pump water heater, or the hot water operation is performed, or In addition, it is impossible to perform operation control such as performing a heat storage operation at night with a heat pump water heater and pumping this heat storage into a heat pump heater in the daytime to perform a heating operation.
[0005]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a heat pump device that can solve the problems of the above-described conventional technology and can easily perform operation control in which a hot water heater and a heater are linked.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the first aspect of the present invention, the first compressor, the first gas cooler, the first pressure reducing device, and the first evaporator are connected in a closed loop, and carbon dioxide refrigerant or the like is enclosed, so that the inside of the gas pipe is superfluous during operation. The first gas cooler is configured to be operated at a critical pressure, and a first hot water pipe, a heat pump water heater connected to a hot water storage tank via a first circulation pump, a second compressor, a second gas cooler, and a second The decompression device and the second evaporator are connected in a closed loop, and a carbon dioxide refrigerant or the like is enclosed so that the gas pipe is operated at a supercritical pressure during operation. The second gas cooler includes a second hot water. A heat pump heater connected to a hot water heating device via a pipe and a second circulation pump, a water-to-water heat exchanger connected in series with the first gas cooler to the first hot water pipe, and the water-to-water heat exchanger To the second hot water pipe Connected in parallel with tufts equipment, if the heating of the hot water heating appliance at night or the like becomes unnecessary, the heating operation by using a hot water heating device is stopped, the hot water heat pump heating system side water to water heat exchanger The hot water supply operation can be performed while pumping up the heat of the hot water to the heat pump water heater side .
[0008]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the first compressor, the first gas cooler, the first pressure reducing device, and the first evaporator are connected in a closed loop, and a carbon dioxide refrigerant or the like is enclosed, so that the gas pipe is supercritical during operation. The first gas cooler is configured to be operated with pressure, the first hot water pipe, a heat pump water heater connected with a hot water storage tank via a first circulation pump, a second compressor, a second gas cooler, and a second pressure reduction By connecting the apparatus and the second evaporator in a closed loop and enclosing carbon dioxide refrigerant or the like, the inside of the gas pipe is operated at supercritical pressure during operation, and the second gas cooler has a second hot water pipe. A heat pump heater connected to the hot water heating device via the second circulation pump, and a water-to-water heat exchanger connected to the second hot water pipe in series with the second gas cooler. Hot water storage in the 1st hot water pipe Click and connected in parallel, at night or the like, first driving a heat pump water heater, is heated heat storage in the hot water storage tank, if the heating is needed, it dissipates operating the first circulating pump, to operate the heat pump heating systems By operating the first circulation pump, the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank is circulated to the water-to-water heat exchanger, and the heating operation is performed while pumping the heat of the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank to the heat pump heater side. It is possible to do this.
[0009]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the gas compressor is supercritical during operation by connecting the first compressor, the first gas cooler, the first pressure reducing device, and the first evaporator in a closed loop and enclosing a carbon dioxide refrigerant or the like. The first gas cooler is configured to be operated with pressure, the first hot water pipe, a heat pump water heater connected with a hot water storage tank via a first circulation pump, a second compressor, a second gas cooler, and a second pressure reduction By connecting the apparatus and the second evaporator in a closed loop and enclosing carbon dioxide refrigerant or the like, the inside of the gas pipe is operated at supercritical pressure during operation, and the second gas cooler has a second hot water pipe. A heat pump heater connected to the hot water heater via the second circulation pump, and a water-to-water heat exchanger connected to the first hot water pipe in parallel with the first gas cooler. Warm water in the second hot water pipe Connected in parallel with the device, if the heating of the hot water heating appliance at night or the like becomes unnecessary to stop the heating operation by using a hot water heating device, a hot-water heat pump heating system side water to water heat exchanger By circulating, the hot water supply operation can be performed while pumping up the heat of the hot water to the heat pump water heater side.
[0010]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the gas compressor is supercritical during operation by connecting the first compressor, the first gas cooler, the first pressure reducing device, and the first evaporator in a closed loop and enclosing a carbon dioxide refrigerant or the like. The first gas cooler is configured to be operated with pressure, the first hot water pipe, a heat pump water heater connected with a hot water storage tank via a first circulation pump, a second compressor, a second gas cooler, and a second pressure reduction By connecting the apparatus and the second evaporator in a closed loop and enclosing carbon dioxide refrigerant or the like, the inside of the gas pipe is operated at supercritical pressure during operation, and the second gas cooler has a second hot water pipe. A heat pump heater connected to the hot water heating device via the second circulation pump, and a water-to-water heat exchanger connected to the second hot water pipe in parallel with the second gas cooler. Hot water storage in the 1st hot water pipe Click and connected in parallel, at night or the like, first driving a heat pump water heater, is heated heat storage in the hot water storage tank, if the heating is needed, it dissipates operating the first circulating pump, to operate the heat pump heating systems By operating the first circulation pump, the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank is circulated to the water-to-water heat exchanger, and the heating operation is performed while pumping the heat of the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank to the heat pump heater side. It is possible to do this.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0012]
First Embodiment FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing an embodiment of a heat pump device according to the present invention. The heat pump device 30 includes a heat pump water heater 10 and a heat pump heater 20.
[0013]
The heat pump water heater 10 includes a first compressor 11, a first refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger (hereinafter referred to as a first gas cooler) 12, a first decompressor 13, a first evaporator 14, and an accumulator 18 through a refrigerant pipe 19. The first gas cooler 12 is connected to a closed loop, and a hot water storage tank (first load) 17 is connected to the first gas cooler 12 via a first hot water pipe 15 and a first circulation pump 16. The heat pump heater 20 includes a second compressor 21, a second refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger (hereinafter referred to as a second gas cooler) 22, a second decompressor 23, a second evaporator 24, and an accumulator 28 through a refrigerant pipe 29. The second gas cooler 22 is connected to a closed loop, and a hot water heater (second load) 27 is connected to the second gas cooler 22 via a second hot water pipe 25 and a second circulation pump 26.
[0014]
A first circulation pump 16 is connected to the hot water supply pipe 15 </ b> A to the first gas cooler 12 in the first hot water pipe 15 of the heat pump water heater 10, and between the first circulation pump 16 and the first gas cooler 12. The water-to-water heat exchanger 31 is connected in series with the first gas cooler 12. A second circulation pump 26 is connected to the hot water supply pipe 25 </ b> A to the second gas cooler 22 in the second hot water pipe 25 of the heat pump heater 20.
[0015]
The water-to-water heat exchanger 31 includes a first water coil 31A connected to the first hot water pipe 15 and a second water coil 31B connected to the second hot water pipe 25. The water-to-water heat exchanger 31 is connected to the second hot water pipe 25 in parallel with the hot water heater 27. That is, one end A of the second water coil 31B of the water-to-water heat exchanger 31 is connected to the hot water supply pipe 25A between the hot water heating device 27 and the second circulation pump 26 via the pipe 32, and the second The other end B of the water coil 31B is connected to a three-way valve 34 via a pipe 33, and the three-way valve 34 is connected to a hot water return pipe 25B from the second gas cooler 22.
[0016]
Carbon dioxide refrigerant is enclosed in the refrigeration cycle of the heat pump water heater 10 and the refrigeration cycle of the heat pump heater 20. When this carbon dioxide refrigerant is sealed, as shown in the enthalpy / pressure diagram of FIG. 2, the gas pipes 19A and 29A are operated at a supercritical pressure during operation. In addition to the carbon dioxide refrigerant, for example, ethylene, diborane, ethane, nitric oxide and the like can be cited as refrigerants in which the gas pipes 19A and 29A are operated at supercritical pressure.
[0017]
In FIG. 2, the outlet of the compressor 2 is shown in state a. The refrigerant circulates through the gas coolers 12 and 22 where it is cooled to state b and releases heat into the water in the hot water pipes 15 and 25. The refrigerant is cooled to state c as desired. The refrigerant then reaches the state d due to the pressure drop in the decompression devices 13 and 23, where a gas / liquid two-phase mixture is formed. The refrigerant absorbs heat in the evaporators 14 and 24 by evaporation of the liquid phase. The gas-phase refrigerant is heated to the state f after passing through the state e, and then exits the evaporators 14 and 24 toward the suction pipe of the compressor 2.
[0018]
In the supercritical cycle, the high-pressure single-phase gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 2 is not condensed, but a temperature drop occurs in the heat exchanger.
[0019]
The final temperature of the refrigerant in the gas coolers 12 and 22 (state b) is several degrees higher than the temperature of the hot water. The high pressure gas is cooled in the gas coolers 12 and 22 to a state c that is several degrees lower.
[0020]
Next, the operation will be described.
[0021]
During normal operation, the three-way valve 34 of the heat pump heater 20 is switched to the normal operation position, the linkage between the heat pump water heater 10 and the heat pump heater 20 is cut off, and each is operated separately.
[0022]
In the heat pump water heater 10, the refrigerant flows in the order of the first compressor 11, the first gas cooler 12, the first decompressor 13, the first evaporator 14, and the accumulator 18. The hot water circulating in the first hot water pipe 15 is warmed by the first gas cooler 12, and this hot water is stored in the hot water storage tank 17.
[0023]
In the heat pump heater 20, the refrigerant flows in the order of the second compressor 21, the second gas cooler 22, the second decompressor 23, the second evaporator 24, and the accumulator 28. And the warm water which circulates in the 2nd warm water piping 25 is warmed by the 2nd gas cooler 22, This warm water is supplied to the warm water heating apparatus 27, and a to-be-conditioned room is heated by this warm water heating apparatus 27. 27A is a fan.
[0024]
In the present embodiment, a linked operation of the heat pump water heater 10 and the heat pump heater 20 is possible. In this case, the three-way valve 34 of the heat pump heater 20 is switched to the linked operation position. Here, the linked operation means that while the heat pump water heater 10 and the heat pump heater 20 are operated simultaneously, the hot water heated by the second gas cooler 22 is bypassed by the hot water heater 27 on the heat pump heater 20 side. These are all operations for circulating through the second water coil 31B of the water-to-water heat exchanger 31 of the heat pump water heater 10.
[0025]
In the present embodiment, for example, when heating of the conditioned room becomes unnecessary at night or the like, the heating operation using the hot water heater 27 is performed by switching the three-way valve 34 of the heat pump heater 20 to the linkage operation position. The hot water on the heat pump heater 20 side is circulated to the water-to-water heat exchanger 31 via the pipes 32 and 33, so that the heat of the hot water is pumped up to the heat pump water heater 10 side. It becomes possible to operate, and the hot water supply efficiency is improved.
[0026]
Second Embodiment FIG. 3 shows another embodiment.
[0027]
In this embodiment, water-to-water heat is connected in series with the second gas cooler 22 to the hot water supply pipe 25 </ b> A between the second circulation pump 26 and the second gas cooler 22 in the second hot water pipe 25 of the heat pump heater 20. An exchange 41 is connected.
[0028]
The water-to-water heat exchanger 41 includes a first water coil 41 </ b> A connected to the second hot water pipe 25 and a second water coil 41 </ b> B connected to the first hot water pipe 15. The water-to-water heat exchanger 41 is connected to the first hot water pipe 15 in parallel with the hot water storage tank 17.
[0029]
That is, one end A of the second water coil 41B of the water-to-water heat exchanger 41 is connected to a hot water supply pipe 15A between the hot water storage tank 17 and the first circulation pump 16 via a water pipe 42. The other end B of the second water coil 41B is connected to a three-way valve 44 via a water pipe 43, and this three-way valve 44 is connected to a hot water return pipe 15B from the first gas cooler 12.
[0030]
At the time of normal operation, the three-way valve 44 of the heat pump water heater 10 is switched to the normal operation position, the linkage between the heat pump water heater 10 and the heat pump heater 20 is cut, and each is operated separately.
[0031]
In this embodiment, the linked operation is possible as in the above embodiment. For example, the heat pump water heater 10 is first operated at night when the electricity rate is low, and hot water is stored in the hot water storage tank 17.
[0032]
When heating is necessary, the three-way valve 44 of the heat pump water heater 10 is switched to the linkage operation position, the first circulation pump 16 is operated, and the heat pump heater 20 is operated. Then, the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 17 by the operation of the first circulation pump 16 is supplied to the water-to-water heat exchanger 41 via the first gas cooler 12, the three-way valve 44, and the water pipes 43 and 42. The second water coil 41B is circulated.
[0033]
According to this, the heat of the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 17 can be pumped to the heat pump heater 20 side, and since the heating operation is performed while pumping this, the heating efficiency is improved.
[0034]
Third Embodiment FIG. 4 shows another embodiment.
[0035]
In this embodiment, a water-to-water heat exchanger 50 is connected between the first circulation pump 16 and the first gas cooler 12 in parallel with the first gas cooler 12. Other configurations are substantially the same as those of the embodiment of FIG.
[0036]
The water-to-water heat exchanger 50 includes a first water coil 50 </ b> A connected to the first hot water pipe 15 and a second water coil 50 </ b> B connected to the second hot water pipe 25. The water-to-water heat exchanger 50 is connected to the second hot water pipe 25 in parallel with the hot water heater 27. That is, one end A of the second water coil 50B of the water-to-water heat exchanger 50 is connected to the hot water supply pipe 25A between the hot water heating device 27 and the second circulation pump 26 via the pipe 32, and the second The other end B of the water coil 50B is connected to a three-way valve 34 via a pipe 33, and the three-way valve 34 is connected to a hot water return pipe 25B from the second gas cooler 22.
[0037]
In this configuration, as in the embodiment of FIG. 1, for example, when heating of the conditioned room becomes unnecessary at night or the like, by switching the three-way valve 34 of the heat pump heater 20 to the linkage operation position, 27 is stopped, and the hot water on the heat pump heater 20 side is circulated to the water-to-water heat exchanger 31 via the pipes 32 and 33, so that the heat of the hot water is The hot water supply operation can be performed while pumping up to the hot water heater 10 side, and the hot water supply efficiency is improved.
[0038]
In the present embodiment, unlike the embodiment of FIG. 1, the water-to-water heat exchanger 50 is connected in parallel with the first gas cooler 12, so that the hot water circulated through the first circulation pump 16 is the first gas cooler 12. , And the water-to-water heat exchanger 50 can flow in parallel. Therefore, compared with the case where these are connected in series (FIG. 1), the efficiency of the 1st gas cooler 12 can be improved.
[0039]
Fourth Embodiment In the embodiment of FIG. 3, as described above, the water-to-water heat exchanger 41 is connected to the second hot water pipe 25 in parallel with the second gas cooler 22. In contrast, in the fourth embodiment, although not shown, a water-to-water heat exchanger may be connected to the second hot water pipe 25 in parallel with the second gas cooler 22. In this configuration, as in the third embodiment, the efficiency of the second gas cooler 22 can be improved compared to the case where these are connected in series (FIG. 3).
[0040]
As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated based on one Embodiment, this invention is not limited to this.
[0041]
【The invention's effect】
In the present invention, the hot water heater and the heater are linked, and the heat of the heat pump heater is pumped to the heat pump water heater, or the heat stored in the heat pump water heater is pumped to the heat pump heater. It is possible to easily perform operation control such as heating operation.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing an embodiment of a heat pump device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enthalpy / pressure diagram.
FIG. 3 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing another embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing another embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Heat pump water heater 11 1st compressor 12 1st refrigerant | coolant versus water heat exchanger (1st gas cooler)
13 1st decompression device 14 1st evaporator 15 1st hot water piping 16 1st circulation pump 17 hot water storage tank 20 heat pump heater (1st load)
21 2nd compressor 22 2nd refrigerant | coolant versus water heat exchanger (2nd gas cooler)
23 2nd decompression device 24 2nd evaporator 25 2nd hot water piping 26 2nd circulation pump 27 Hot water heating equipment (2nd load)
30 Heat pump device 31, 41 Water-to-water heat exchanger 34, 44 Three-way valve

Claims (4)

第１圧縮機、第１ガスクーラ、第１減圧装置、第１蒸発器を閉ループに接続し、二酸化炭素冷媒等を封入することにより、運転中にガス管内が超臨界圧力で運転されるように構成すると共に、第１ガスクーラには第１温水配管、第１循環ポンプを介して貯湯タンクを接続したヒートポンプ給湯機と、
第２圧縮機、第２ガスクーラ、第２減圧装置、第２蒸発器を閉ループに接続し、二酸化炭素冷媒等を封入することにより、運転中にガス管内が超臨界圧力で運転されるように構成すると共に、第２ガスクーラには第２温水配管、第２循環ポンプを介して温水暖房機器を接続したヒートポンプ暖房機とを備え、
第１温水配管に第１ガスクーラと直列に水対水熱交換器を接続し、
この水対水熱交換器を第２温水配管に温水暖房機器と並列に接続し、
夜間等に温水暖房機器の暖房が不要になった場合、温水暖房機器を利用しての暖房運転を停止させ、ヒートポンプ暖房機側の温水を水対水熱交換器に循環させることにより、当該温水の熱を、ヒートポンプ給湯機側に汲み上げながら給湯運転を可能としたことを特徴とするヒートポンプ装置。 The first compressor, the first gas cooler, the first pressure reducing device, and the first evaporator are connected in a closed loop, and the inside of the gas pipe is operated at a supercritical pressure during operation by enclosing a carbon dioxide refrigerant or the like. And a heat pump water heater having a hot water storage tank connected to the first gas cooler via a first hot water pipe and a first circulation pump,
The second compressor, the second gas cooler, the second pressure reducing device, and the second evaporator are connected in a closed loop, and the inside of the gas pipe is operated at a supercritical pressure during operation by enclosing carbon dioxide refrigerant or the like. In addition, the second gas cooler includes a second hot water pipe, a heat pump heater connected to the hot water heating device via a second circulation pump,
A water-to-water heat exchanger is connected in series with the first gas cooler to the first hot water pipe,
This water-to-water heat exchanger is connected to the second hot water pipe in parallel with the hot water heater,
When heating of the hot water heater becomes unnecessary at night, etc., the heating operation using the hot water heater is stopped, and the hot water on the heat pump heater side is circulated to the water-to-water heat exchanger to A heat pump device that enables hot water supply operation while pumping the heat of the water to the heat pump water heater side. 第１圧縮機、第１ガスクーラ、第１減圧装置、第１蒸発器を閉ループに接続し、二酸化炭素冷媒等を封入することにより、運転中にガス管内が超臨界圧力で運転されるように構成すると共に、第１ガスクーラには第１温水配管、第１循環ポンプを介して貯湯タンクを接続したヒートポンプ給湯機と、
第２圧縮機、第２ガスクーラ、第２減圧装置、第２蒸発器を閉ループに接続し、二酸化炭素冷媒等を封入することにより、運転中にガス管内が超臨界圧力で運転されるように構成すると共に、第２ガスクーラには第２温水配管、第２循環ポンプを介して温水暖房機器を接続したヒートポンプ暖房機とを備え、
第２温水配管に第２ガスクーラと直列に水対水熱交換器を接続し、
この水対水熱交換器を第１温水配管に貯湯タンクと並列に接続し、
夜間等に、まずヒートポンプ給湯機を運転し、貯湯タンク内に温水蓄熱させ、暖房が必要となった場合、第１循環ポンプを運転させると共に、ヒートポンプ暖房機を運転させて、第１循環ポンプの運転により、貯湯タンク内に貯えられた温水を水対水熱交換器に循環し、貯湯タンクに貯えられた温水の熱を、ヒートポンプ暖房機側に汲み上げながら暖房運転を可能としたことを特徴とするヒートポンプ装置。 The first compressor, the first gas cooler, the first pressure reducing device, and the first evaporator are connected in a closed loop, and the inside of the gas pipe is operated at a supercritical pressure during operation by enclosing a carbon dioxide refrigerant or the like. And a heat pump water heater having a hot water storage tank connected to the first gas cooler via a first hot water pipe and a first circulation pump,
The second compressor, the second gas cooler, the second pressure reducing device, and the second evaporator are connected in a closed loop, and the inside of the gas pipe is operated at a supercritical pressure during operation by enclosing carbon dioxide refrigerant or the like. In addition, the second gas cooler includes a second hot water pipe, a heat pump heater connected to the hot water heating device via a second circulation pump,
A water-to-water heat exchanger is connected in series with the second gas cooler to the second hot water pipe,
This water-to-water heat exchanger is connected to the first hot water pipe in parallel with the hot water storage tank,
At night, etc., the heat pump water heater is first operated, the hot water is stored in the hot water storage tank, and when heating is required, the first circulation pump is operated, the heat pump heater is operated, and the first circulation pump is operated. By operating, the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank is circulated to the water-to-water heat exchanger, and the heating operation can be performed while pumping the heat of the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank to the heat pump heater side. Heat pump device. 第１圧縮機、第１ガスクーラ、第１減圧装置、第１蒸発器を閉ループに接続し、二酸化炭素冷媒等を封入することにより、運転中にガス管内が超臨界圧力で運転されるように構成すると共に、第１ガスクーラには第１温水配管、第１循環ポンプを介して貯湯タンクを接続したヒートポンプ給湯機と、
第２圧縮機、第２ガスクーラ、第２減圧装置、第２蒸発器を閉ループに接続し、二酸化炭素冷媒等を封入することにより、運転中にガス管内が超臨界圧力で運転されるように構成すると共に、第２ガスクーラには第２温水配管、第２循環ポンプを介して温水暖房機器を接続したヒートポンプ暖房機とを備え、
第１温水配管に第１ガスクーラと並列に水対水熱交換器を接続し、
この水対水熱交換器を第２温水配管に温水暖房機器と並列に接続し、
夜間等に温水暖房機器の暖房が不要になった場合、温水暖房機器を利用しての暖房運転を停止させ、ヒートポンプ暖房機側の温水を水対水熱交換器に循環させることにより、当該温水の熱を、ヒートポンプ給湯機側に汲み上げながら給湯運転を可能としたことを特徴とするヒートポンプ装置。 The first compressor, the first gas cooler, the first pressure reducing device, and the first evaporator are connected in a closed loop, and the inside of the gas pipe is operated at a supercritical pressure during operation by enclosing a carbon dioxide refrigerant or the like. And a heat pump water heater having a hot water storage tank connected to the first gas cooler via a first hot water pipe and a first circulation pump,
The second compressor, the second gas cooler, the second pressure reducing device, and the second evaporator are connected in a closed loop, and the inside of the gas pipe is operated at a supercritical pressure during operation by enclosing carbon dioxide refrigerant or the like. In addition, the second gas cooler includes a second hot water pipe, a heat pump heater connected to the hot water heating device via a second circulation pump,
A water-to-water heat exchanger connected to the first hot water pipe in parallel with the first gas cooler;
This water-to-water heat exchanger is connected to the second hot water pipe in parallel with the hot water heater,
When heating of the hot water heater becomes unnecessary at night, etc., the heating operation using the hot water heater is stopped, and the hot water on the heat pump heater side is circulated to the water-to-water heat exchanger to A heat pump device that enables hot water supply operation while pumping the heat of the water to the heat pump water heater side. 第１圧縮機、第１ガスクーラ、第１減圧装置、第１蒸発器を閉ループに接続し、二酸化炭素冷媒等を封入することにより、運転中にガス管内が超臨界圧力で運転されるように構成すると共に、第１ガスクーラには第１温水配管、第１循環ポンプを介して貯湯タンクを接続したヒートポンプ給湯機と、
第２圧縮機、第２ガスクーラ、第２減圧装置、第２蒸発器を閉ループに接続し、二酸化炭素冷媒等を封入することにより、運転中にガス管内が超臨界圧力で運転されるように構 成すると共に、第２ガスクーラには第２温水配管、第２循環ポンプを介して温水暖房機器を接続したヒートポンプ暖房機とを備え、
第２温水配管に第２ガスクーラと並列に水対水熱交換器を接続し、
この水対水熱交換器を第１温水配管に貯湯タンクと並列に接続し、
夜間等に、まずヒートポンプ給湯機を運転し、貯湯タンク内に温水蓄熱させ、暖房が必要となった場合、第１循環ポンプを運転させると共に、ヒートポンプ暖房機を運転させて、第１循環ポンプの運転により、貯湯タンク内に貯えられた温水を水対水熱交換器に循環し、貯湯タンクに貯えられた温水の熱を、ヒートポンプ暖房機側に汲み上げながら暖房運転を可能としたことを特徴とするヒートポンプ装置。 The first compressor, the first gas cooler, the first pressure reducing device, and the first evaporator are connected in a closed loop, and the inside of the gas pipe is operated at a supercritical pressure during operation by enclosing a carbon dioxide refrigerant or the like. And a heat pump water heater having a hot water storage tank connected to the first gas cooler via a first hot water pipe and a first circulation pump,
The second compressor, the second gas cooler, the second pressure reducing device, and the second evaporator are connected in a closed loop, and carbon dioxide refrigerant or the like is enclosed so that the gas pipe is operated at a supercritical pressure during operation. The second gas cooler is provided with a second hot water pipe, a heat pump heater connected with a hot water heating device via a second circulation pump,
A water-to-water heat exchanger is connected to the second hot water pipe in parallel with the second gas cooler;
This water-to-water heat exchanger is connected to the first hot water pipe in parallel with the hot water storage tank,
At night, etc., the heat pump water heater is first operated, the hot water is stored in the hot water storage tank, and when heating is required, the first circulation pump is operated, the heat pump heater is operated, and the first circulation pump is operated. By operating, the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank is circulated to the water-to-water heat exchanger, and the heating operation can be performed while pumping the heat of the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank to the heat pump heater side. Heat pump device.
JP2003047487A 2003-02-25 2003-02-25 Heat pump equipment Expired - Fee Related JP4033788B2 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102384586A (en) * 2010-08-28 2012-03-21 陈则韶 Parallel-connection type mutually-helped defrosting water heater of air source heat pump
CN102384586B (en) * 2010-08-28 2013-08-14 陈则韶 Parallel-connection type mutually-helped defrosting water heater of air source heat pump

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