JP4028829B2 - Laminating boards for buildings, composite building panels and wall structures - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a laminated board for building, a composite building panel and a wall structure, and more specifically, a laminated board having a structure in which a plurality of material boards are bonded together, which is used as a building material constituting a wall surface of a building, It is intended for composite building panels and wall structures using such a bonded board.

  Gypsum board and styrene foam board are sometimes combined as an inner wall material of a building.

  The gypsum board is suitable as an interior base material for attaching wallpaper or painting. The gypsum board may constitute the interior finish surface. Styrene foam board is excellent in heat insulation and sound absorption. Therefore, on the wall surface of the building, the surfaces of the pillars and studs are covered with a base plate such as plywood, styrene foam board and gypsum board are sequentially stuck on the surface, and the surface of the gypsum board is finished with wallpaper or the like.

  In order to improve the construction workability of such a wall structure, gypsum board and styrene foam board are bonded together at the factory manufacturing stage using an adhesive, and this bonded board is brought into the building site. It has been proposed to perform installation work (for example, Patent Document 1).

This technique saves labor on site construction and can be bonded together under strict quality control in the factory, improving the unity between the gypsum board and the styrene foam board. Functions such as heat insulation and sound insulation are improved, and the problem of dew condensation between gypsum board and styrene foam board can be solved.
JP-A-8-232368

  The above-mentioned bonded board of gypsum board and styrene foam board has a problem that it is difficult to dispose of it.

  It is desirable that the waste material generated when the building is dismantled or the wall material is removed for renovation work should be made as easy to dispose as possible.

  Resin materials such as styrene foam boards may be reusable as molding materials. The gypsum material can also be reused by grinding or firing. Also, when the disposal process is performed without being reused, the treatment method differs between the resin material and the gypsum material.

  However, a laminated board of a gypsum board and a styrene foam board cannot supply a treatment suitable for a gypsum board or a treatment suitable for a styrene foam board. For this reason, landfill processing or the like is performed with the bonded board being used, resources cannot be effectively used, and disposal costs are high.

  It is extremely difficult to peel off the gypsum board and the styrene foam board of the laminated board. In terms of usage performance in buildings, higher bonding strength between gypsum board and styrene foam board can provide better performance over a long period of time and is less likely to cause performance degradation due to earthquakes and other loads. It cannot be easily peeled off by an external force.

  The subject of this invention is making the processing after use easy while exhibiting sufficient favorable use performance as an above-mentioned laminated board for construction.

  The laminated board for construction according to the present invention includes a gypsum board, a foamed resin board, an easily peelable waterproof adhesive layer that bonds the gypsum board and the foamed resin board.

[Gypsum board]
Basically, gypsum boards that are used as ordinary building materials can be used.

  Gypsum board materials include calcined gypsum and water, which are the main components, as well as various hydraulic materials and curing aids, aggregates, foam materials, coloring materials, dispersion materials, humidity control materials, and other additives. .

  For the production of gypsum board, a normal gypsum board production technique can be applied. A paper layer may be laminated on one side or both sides of the gypsum board. The gypsum board may be provided with fine holes that communicate between the front and back sides, or may have irregularities such as ridges and grooves on the surface. There is also a gypsum board in which a plurality of gypsum material layers made of different materials are laminated. It is also possible to use a multi-layered gypsum board in which a plurality of gypsum boards are bonded together. In some cases, a plasterboard surface is coated with a paint or a film is laminated.

  The thickness of the gypsum board varies depending on the purpose of use and construction conditions, but can usually be set in the range of 7.5 to 21 mm.

[Foamed resin board]
Basically, foamed resin boards used for ordinary building materials can be used.

  Examples of the material for the foamed resin board include polyolefin resins such as styrene, ethylene, and polypropylene, and polyurethane resins. Styrene foam board is excellent in mechanical strength and heat insulation required for building materials.

  The thickness of the foamed resin board varies depending on the purpose of use and construction conditions, but can usually be set in the range of 5 to 40 mm.

[Easily peelable waterproof adhesive layer]
In it shall be able to bond the gypsum board and a foamed resin board, using an adhesive material as described below.

As this adhesive material , a material capable of adhering the gypsum board and the foamed resin board with a bonding strength that can sufficiently exhibit the use performance as a building material is preferable. A material that exhibits sufficient adhesiveness and easily peelable and easily peelable is used. A material that can exhibit waterproofness in an adhesive state is used.

  Specifically, the adhesive described below can be used.

(A) (a) a (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester having an alkyl group having 4 to 12 carbon atoms and (b) an a, b-unsaturated carboxylic acid, a protective colloid of an incomplete saponified product of polyvinyl alcohol and an anion An aqueous emulsion resin containing adhesive polymer microspheres obtained by aqueous suspension polymerization in the presence of a water-soluble surfactant;
(B) an organic pigment;
(C) An adhesive containing a filler having an oil absorption per 100 g of 50 ml or less.

[Lamination board]
Gypsum board and foamed resin board are bonded together with an easily peelable waterproof adhesive layer.

  Usually, an adhesive is applied to the surface of one or both of the gypsum board and the foamed resin board, and the gypsum board and the foamed resin board are pressure-contacted. Curing can be advanced by heating or irradiating with radiation simultaneously with the pressure welding.

The coating amount of the adhesive is set so that sufficient adhesive force can be exerted. Specifically, a range of 80 to 150 g / m ² can be employed.

  In addition to the gypsum board and the foamed resin board, various wall materials can be bonded to the bonding board. For example, an interior finish layer can be formed by pasting wallpaper or a fiber sheet on the surface of a gypsum board. A waterproof film or a moisture-proof film can be attached to the surface of the foamed resin board. However, it is desirable that these affixing materials are materials that can be easily peeled off from the gypsum board or the foamed resin board, or materials that can be disposed of or recycled together with the gypsum board or the foamed resin board.

  The bonded board having such a structure needs to have a peel strength that does not cause the gypsum board and the foamed resin board to peel off under normal use conditions. Also, the gypsum board and the foamed resin board need to be easily peeled off at the time of disposal. In normal use, an external force is often applied in a direction in which the gypsum board and the foamed resin board are displaced in a direction parallel to the surface of the bonded board. In the state where it is attached and constructed by means such as nailing or screwing, it is difficult to apply a force to peel it off in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the bonded board. When the gypsum board and the foamed resin board are peeled off at the time of disposal, a force is applied in a direction perpendicular to the surface.

Therefore, the peel strength between the gypsum board and the foamed resin board is 0.05 to 0.08 N / mm ^{2 in the} direction orthogonal to the surface and 0.10 to 0.14 N / mm ² in the direction parallel to the surface. It is desirable.

  The overall shape of the bonded board is often rectangular as in the case of ordinary building materials for wall surfaces. Depending on the form of use, a polygonal shape other than a rectangle, a curved shape such as a sector shape, or a circular shape can also be employed.

  The dimensions of the bonded board are set such that the length is 30 to 300 cm, the width is 5 to 100 cm, and the thickness is about 1.25 to 6.1 cm.

[Composite building panel]
Composite building panels are known as a technique for constructing industrialized houses and high-rise buildings with high productivity.

  In the basic structure of a composite building panel, a plurality of material layers constituting a wall surface are laminated and integrated on both surfaces of a steel frame having a rectangular disk shape. Building walls can be constructed by joining and joining composite building panels.

  The above-mentioned bonded board can be used for a composite building panel that constitutes a wall surface that partitions an indoor and outdoor building. Specifically, the bonding board is used on the surface on the indoor side with respect to the steel frame. A normal outer wall material is attached to the surface on the outdoor side of the steel frame.

  By using the bonded board, the production of the composite building panel can be made efficient. In addition, even if the plaster board and the foamed resin board are easy to peel off, the plasterboard and the foamed resin board can be peeled off during transportation storage and construction if they are handled in an integrated state with the composite building panel. No worries.

(Wall structure)
The bonded board can be used for construction of various wall structures.

  Specifically, on the wall that divides the building indoors and outdoors, the architectural laminate board is placed on the indoor side of the pillars, studs, steel frames, and concrete frames that form the frame structure of the wall. You can keep it. A normal outer wall material is constructed on the outdoor side of the wall surface.

  In addition to the wall surface structure constructed by the composite building panel described above, a wall surface structure constructed by a conventional construction method is also included.

  Since the laminated board for construction according to the present invention has the gypsum board and the foamed resin board bonded together with an easily peelable waterproof adhesive layer, the gypsum board and the foamed resin board are easily peeled off during disassembly, Can be separated into only a single material. If it is a single material, it is easy to reuse or recycle. Even in the case of disposal, a processing method suitable for each material can be selected and applied.

  As a result, it is possible to efficiently and economically dismantle buildings and dispose of waste materials, and reuse resources to create new value.

[Lamination board]
The laminated board 10 for building shown in FIG. 1 has a gypsum board 14 and a foamed resin board 12 integrally joined by an easily peelable waterproof adhesive layer 16 and has an overall size of 90 cm × 250 cm and a thickness of 32.5 mm. .

As the gypsum board 14, a JIS-A6901 standard product (for example, manufactured by Chiyodaute, thickness 12.5 mm) or an equivalent product is used. As the foamed resin board 12, three types of B (manufactured by Kaneka Corporation, thickness 10 mm) are used. The easily peelable waterproof adhesive layer 16 is obtained by aqueous suspension polymerization of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, and acrylic acid in the presence of a protective colloid of incomplete saponified polyvinyl alcohol and an anionic surfactant. An adhesive (made by Oshika Co., Ltd.) consisting of an aqueous emulsion resin containing fine adhesive polymer microspheres, an organic pigment made of an acrylic copolymer resin, and calcium carbonate as a filler was applied in an amount of 80 range to 150 g / ^{m 2,} is coated with for example 120 g / ^{m 2.} In addition, after apply | coating the adhesive agent on the surface of the gypsum board 14, the foamed resin board 12 is piled up on it and press-contacted.

  The bonded board 10 having such a structure is used for various building applications.

[Use of bonded board]
In FIG. 3, the bonded board 10 is utilized for the composite building panel 20 which comprises the outer wall of a building.

  The composite building panel 20 has a rectangular disk-shaped steel frame 22 constructed by combining and welding mold steel materials. Inside the steel frame 22, a heat insulating material 26 such as a glass fiber mat is accommodated.

  Outer surfaces 28 made of an ALC plate or the like are disposed on a surface of the steel frame 22 on the outer surface side of the building via a base material 29 made of a wooden material.

  An interior base plate 24 made of plywood or the like is attached to the surface of the steel frame 22 on the indoor side, and the bonding board 10 is fixed to the surface of the interior base plate 24 with screw nails or the like. The gypsum board 14 of the bonding board 10 is disposed on the indoor side.

  The composite building panels 20 having such a structure are sequentially arranged and joined to each other, whereby the outer wall of the building is constructed. By using the composite building panel 20, the outer wall structure from the exterior to the interior is efficiently constructed.

  After the composite building panel 20 is constructed, an operation of filling or covering the seam is performed. In addition, on the interior surface, wallpaper or wall cloth can be applied to the surface of the gypsum board 14 of the bonded board 10, or interior painting can be applied.

  It is also possible to construct the outer wall structure shown in FIG. 3 by sequentially constructing the exterior and interior materials after constructing the pillar structure and frame structure of the building without using the composite building panel 20. is there. In this case, after the base plate 24 is attached to the interior side of the wall structure, the bonding board 10 may be fastened to the surface with screw nails or the like.

  Since the gypsum board 14 and the foamed resin board 12 are joined by the easily peelable waterproof adhesive layer 16, the laminated board 10 may be considered to be easily peeled off during use. Since the entire board 10 is fixed with screw nails or the like, the gypsum board 14 and the foamed resin board 12 are not peeled off by an external force applied during use. If the easily peelable waterproof adhesive layer 16 exhibits a strong adhesive force in a direction parallel to the adhesive surface, sufficient resistance to an external force in a direction parallel to the surface that may be applied during use is provided. Can demonstrate. In particular, in the state of being incorporated in the composite building panel 20, since it is firmly supported by the steel frame 22 having high rigidity, the same integrity as that of a normal bonded board can be maintained for a long period of time.

[Disassembly of the bonded board]
When the building or composite building panel 20 is dismantled, reusable materials are collected, and other materials are discarded.

  For example, the outer wall of a building is disassembled and disassembled into individual composite building panels 20. The composite building panel 20 sequentially removes the material on the exterior side and the material on the interior side from the steel frame 22. On the interior side, the bonded board 10 is removed by, for example, removing screw nails from the interior base plate 24. Part of the wallpaper or paint may remain on the surface of the bonding board 10 on the gypsum board 14 side.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the scraper between the plaster board 14 and the foamed resin board 12, more specifically between the adhesive layer 16 and the foamed resin board 12, with respect to the bonded board 10 that has been removed. A tool made of a thin plate such as T is inserted and kneaded to the foamed resin board 12 side.

  The end of the foamed resin board 12 is peeled off so as to be lifted from the adhesive layer 16.

  The adhesive layer 16 exhibits a very strong resistance in a direction parallel to the adhesive surface, but peels relatively easily against a force applied in a direction orthogonal to the adhesive surface. In particular, it becomes easy to peel off when a force is locally applied only to the end portion of the bonding surface.

  When the scraper T is caused, a so-called lever principle works, and the foamed resin board 12 is peeled off from the gypsum board 14 sequentially from the end. After the foamed resin board 12 is peeled off from the gypsum board 14 to some extent, it is also possible to insert a hand and pull it apart on both sides without using the scraper T.

  As a result, the bonded board 10 is disassembled into the foamed resin board 12 and the gypsum board 14. The adhesive layer 16 remains on the gypsum board 14 side. When a part of the adhesive layer 16 remains on the foamed resin board 12 side, it can be scraped off with a scraper T, a knife, a file, or the like.

  The disassembled foamed resin board 12 is collected and reused or subjected to a regeneration process. Since the recovered material is composed of only a single material, it is possible to carry out the recycling process relatively easily.

  The remaining gypsum board 14 is usually sent to disposal such as landfill. The gypsum board 14 can be fired and recovered as a gypsum material. In this case, it is desirable to peel off the adhesive layer 14, wallpaper, paint, and the like attached to the surface of the gypsum board 14. The adhesive layer 14 and the like may be burned off in the baking process.

Sectional drawing of the laminated board for construction showing embodiment of this invention Sectional view of the state where the bonding board is peeled off Sectional view of the construction state of a composite building panel using a bonded board

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Laminated board for building 12 Foamed resin board 14 Gypsum board 16 Easy peelable waterproof adhesive layer 20 Composite building panel 22 Steel frame 24 Interior base plate 26 Heat insulating material 28 Exterior material

Claims (3)

Gypsum board ,
With foam resin board ,
An easily peelable waterproof adhesive layer that bonds the gypsum board and the foamed resin board , the easily peelable waterproof adhesive layer,
(A) (a) a (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester having an alkyl group having 4 to 12 carbon atoms and (b) an a, b-unsaturated carboxylic acid, a protective colloid of an incomplete saponified product of polyvinyl alcohol and an anion An aqueous emulsion resin containing adhesive polymer microspheres obtained by aqueous suspension polymerization in the presence of a water-soluble surfactant;
(B) an organic pigment;
(C) a filler having an oil absorption per 100 g of 50 ml or less;
An adhesive containing
Peel strength between the plaster board and the foamed resin board is
0.05 to 0.08 N / mm ^{2 in the} direction perpendicular to the surface ,
0.10 to 0.14 N / mm ² in a direction parallel to the surface ,
The gypsum board has a thickness of 7.5 to 21 mm,
The thickness of the foamed resin board is 5 to 50 mm,
It the coating amount of the easily peelable waterproof adhesive layer is 80 to 150 g / ^{m 2}
A laminated board for architecture , characterized by A composite building panel that constitutes a wall that partitions the indoor and outdoor of a building,
A steel frame,
The laminated board for building according to claim 1, which is disposed on a surface on the indoor side with respect to the steel frame,
Relative to the steel frame, comprising an outer wall member disposed on a surface of the outdoor side, composite building panel. A wall structure that separates the indoor and outdoor buildings,
The laminated board for building according to claim 1, which is disposed on the indoor side of the wall surface,
A wall surface structure comprising an outer wall material disposed on the outdoor side of the wall surface.

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