JP3300316B2 - Architectural board and wall foundation structure using the architectural board - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a building board using a wood fiber board as a substrate which can be used as a wall material, a roofing material, a flooring material, and the like, and a wall base structure using the building board.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Although architectural boards made of wood-based boards have various uses, they contract and expand in accordance with the absorption and release of moisture, and warp and bend on walls and floors made of the boards. And so on.

[0003] In order to solve such a problem, a moisture-proof material such as a moisture-proof sheet in which paper is laminated on the front and back of a moisture-proof agent is attached to the surface of a wooden board to prevent the penetration of moisture. Architectural boards have been proposed.

[0004] However, although these moisture proof materials can suppress the permeation of liquid water, they cannot prevent the permeation of water vapor dispersed in a gas, and gradually prevent the permeation of water vapor over a long period of time. Has permeated or water in the building plate has been released, resulting in problems such as shrinkage and expansion of the building plate and corrosion.

[0005] From such a background, for example, a sheet having a moisture-proof and air-tightness property is stuck on the entire outside of a wall panel constituting a room to suppress the movement of air and moisture in the room behind the wall and under the floor. The so-called high airtightness and high heat insulation construction method for causing convection of air in a house in a typical manner has been provided, and the airtightness in the house has been advanced. Since the heating efficiency is improved by increasing the airtightness in the house, the running cost required for heating is reduced.

[0006] However, if the ventilation is not properly performed in the air-tight indoor space by the above-mentioned method, an environment in which various germs and pests are liable to propagate will be given. Also, once moisture enters the airtight space such as the back of the wall or the attic space from the joints of the components, there is no way for the moisture to escape, so there are slight cuts in the moisture-proof airtight sheet and nailing parts for fixing the members. Moisture is concentrated and absorbed into the surface, causing corrosion (partial corrosion). For this reason,
It was necessary to construct the moisture-proof airtight sheet so as not to make scratches or holes, which required a great deal of labor and time.

Therefore, instead of a moisture-proof and airtight sheet that simply blocks the movement of water and water vapor, a waterproof / moisture-permeable sheet that blocks water but allows water vapor (moisture) to permeate has come to be used. ing. Such waterproof
By using a moisture-permeable sheet stretched on a wall or the like at the construction site, even if moisture enters the sealed space, it will gradually pass through the sheet in the form of water vapor and be released to the outside, causing corrosion etc. It will be difficult.

By the way, in order to provide a building board having a waterproof / moisture permeable sheet, a waterproof / moisture permeable sheet may be attached to the surface of a wooden substrate, but the substrate is required to have excellent moisture permeability. You. Due to its configuration, a plywood has a continuous layer of adhesive between veneers, and this adhesive layer suppresses the transmission of water vapor, and therefore has very low moisture permeability. On the other hand, the wood fiber board is only fixed by the adhesive which is the binder only at the contact point where the defibrated wood fibers overlap, there is no continuous layer or film of the adhesive,
Since a fine space is continuous between the contact points where the wood fibers overlap each other, a passage for water vapor is secured, and good moisture permeability is provided. On the other hand, due to the nature of wood fiberboard,
Since it expands when it absorbs moisture, it has a problem that the entire building board expands.

For this reason, when using an architectural board made of a wood fiber board as a substrate, taking into account the expansion of the board, especially at the time of constructing the wall foundation, the opening of the adjoining architectural boards may be reduced. In order to prevent the abutment from coming into contact, a gap is provided at regular intervals in anticipation of the size of the building board expanding (butting on the watermark). After the fitting, the gap is closed with a sealing agent or joint tape having waterproof and airtight performance. That is being done.

[0010]

However, in order to attach the building plates adjacent to each other at a fixed interval as described above, the gap size must be marked out, and the building size must be adjusted in accordance with the size black. Work to temporarily fix the board was required, and the construction was troublesome and time-consuming.

[0011] Further, since the building plate is generally provided in a state of being cut into a predetermined size, if it is used in the above-mentioned construction, it becomes larger by the gap size, and it becomes necessary to cut the building plate on site. There were also problems such as.

Furthermore, not only a work step of closing the gap is required, but also a sealing agent or joint tape used at this time is required to have a moisture-proof airtight performance or a waterproof / moisture-permeable performance, so that the material cost is reduced. However, there is a problem that the cost of the whole work is inevitably increased. Furthermore, the structure (joint fittings, locking fittings, etc.) for securing the gap and attaching the building plate tends to be complicated, and accordingly, the mounting work also tends to be complicated.

[0013]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art and to provide an architectural plate which is easy to construct while utilizing the performance of a wood fiber board having excellent moisture permeability. With the goal.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a wall base structure using the above-mentioned architectural plate.

That is, the building board of the present invention is a building board using a wood fiber board having a center layer and a hard layer having a higher specific gravity than the center layer formed on the front and back of the center layer. In at least one side of the edge of the edge of the edge, the hard layer of the front and back is cut off so that the tip of the edge is constituted only by the center layer, and the building boards are in contact only with the center layer .

An aluminum layer can be provided on at least one side of the substrate via an adhesive. Further, a synthetic resin film can be provided on at least one side of the substrate via an adhesive.

According to the present invention, the above-mentioned architectural plate is used as at least one of the architectural plates to be connected and connected, and only the tip end portion of the architectural plate constituted only by the central layer is used as the other. Characterized in that it is nailed and fixed to a base material in a state in which it comes into contact with the opening of the architectural board.

[0018]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A wood fiber board 1 used as a substrate of a building board according to the present invention is made of, for example, conifers such as pine, cedar, cypress, or raw wood such as lauan, kapole, chestnut, poplar, or wood obtained by cutting waste materials. The wood fiber obtained by defibrating the chip by a conventional method is obtained by compression molding by a dry method, and the center layer 2 and the hard layers 3 and 3 having a higher specific gravity than the center layer formed on the front and back surfaces thereof. Consists of (See FIG. 1) The center layer 2 serving as the core of the wood fiberboard 1 has a specific gravity of 0.3.
In the range of 5 to 0.65, preferably in the range of 0.5 to 0.6, when the architectural boards are expanded, the kiguchi is deformed by the pressing force of each other at the kiguchi where the architectural boards are joined to each other. And has a hardness (strength) enough to absorb force. If the specific gravity of the center layer 2 is less than 0.35, sufficient strength as a building plate cannot be obtained, and when the building plate is moved, it is easily broken even if a small force is applied. On the other hand, when the specific gravity of the central layer 2 exceeds 0.65, it does not deform even when a lateral force is applied to the wooden edge due to the expansion of the building board, and the abutting boards repel each other to form a board. Warpage occurs. Further, the thickness of the center layer 2 is in the range of about 35 to 85% with respect to the thickness of the wood fiber board 1 as the substrate.

Hard layers 3 and 3 formed on the front and back of center layer 2
Is higher than the specific gravity of the center layer 2 and is in the range of 0.8 to 1.2, preferably in the range of 0.9 to 1.1. The total thickness of the hard layers 3 and 3 on both the front and back sides is about 15 to 65% of the thickness of the wood fiber board 1 as the substrate.

The phenomenon (water absorption) of fibers in the wood fiber board 1 serving as a substrate tends to increase when the specific gravity is low and to decrease when the specific gravity is high. In addition, the expansion due to water absorption tends to increase when the specific gravity is high, but when viewed as a plate, the layer with a high specific gravity is thinner than the layer with a low specific gravity, and the water absorption rate is lower, resulting in a decrease. As for the expansion of the entire plate, the layer having a lower specific gravity expands more.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the hard layer on the front and back sides is scraped off at least at one side of the edge of the wood fiber board 1 so that the tip of the edge is composed of the center layer 2 only. The width of the hard layer to be removed is in the range of 5 to 55 mm, preferably about 10 to 35 mm. In addition, the edge of the edge cut off is not limited to one side, but can be changed depending on the use such as two sides (two sides perpendicular or orthogonal), three sides, and four sides.

[0022] By cutting off the hard layer having high strength, the front end of the wood fiberboard is constituted only by the center layer having a hardness (strength) enough to deform when a force is applied to one side of the edge of the wood fiber board. When the wooden edges of the architectural plates are brought into contact (butted), they come into contact only in the central layer. For this reason, when the wood fiber board expands, the deformable specific gravity of the center layer can be deformed to absorb the expansion, and the wood fiber board does not warp. In other words, paying attention to the fact that the central layer having a low specific gravity, which is the cause of the expansion of the wood fiber board, is easily deformed when a force is applied due to its low specific gravity, and the expansion is absorbed by the deformation. It is what was constituted. Here, the term “deformation” means a state in which the surfaces that come into contact with each other are crushed while being compressed.

The tip end of the kiguchi formed only of the center layer can be formed in a flat shape (see FIG. 2), but it may be formed as a slope, a real shape such as joints and cuts, and a waveform, Spherical, approximately triangular cross-section with tip at the top (Fig. 4,
(See FIG. 6). For example, the shape of the tip end of the tip is a vertical plane when building plates are connected in parallel (see FIG. 3), and a slope having a 45-degree angle is formed when forming a right-angled corner. The shape can be changed according to the place to be used.

It is to be noted that one of the abutting architectural plates has its tip end formed of only the central layer,
The other end of the architectural plate that has not been processed may be brought into contact (see FIGS. 5 and 6). Also in this case, since the building boards come into contact with each other only in the center layers 2 and 2, the above-mentioned effect of preventing deformation by absorbing the center layer due to expansion of the wood fiber board is achieved. .

Further, the shape of the tip of the center layer that abuts may be different from each other. For example, one of the center layers may have a planar shape and the other may have a substantially triangular cross section having a vertex (see FIG. 4). According to such an embodiment, since the substantially triangular cross-sectional shape having the apex is easily crushed when subjected to a force from the lateral direction, the tip is easily deformed (crushed) when the architectural plate expands, and the absorption is reduced. It will be smooth.

Further, the tip is deformed (crushed) due to expansion.
Can be formed at the tip of the central layer in order to make the surface smooth. The cuts are formed in various forms such as a longitudinal direction, a lateral direction, a diagonal direction, or a grid shape of the wood edge. The cut may be made when the building plate is manufactured, but in consideration of the fact that the strength is reduced and it is easy to be damaged by impact such as transportation, before attaching the building plate at the site, or It can also be installed before the next (adjacent) building plate is installed.

As described above, in the moisture-proof airtight and waterproof / moisture permeable structure of the high airtightness / high heat insulation method, the above-described building board of the present invention can absorb the expansion of the wood fiber board as the substrate due to moisture. This eliminates the need to provide a gap between adjacent building boards, which not only facilitates construction, but also allows these building boards to abut each other to fully demonstrate their performance, especially in a moisture-proof and airtight structure. can do.
Further, even if moisture enters the moisture-proof and airtight structure, the building board absorbs moisture and expands, and the expansion is absorbed by the opening of the building board. Warpage is unlikely to occur.

Further, in the waterproof / moisture permeable structure, when the moisture penetrates through the wood fiber board which is the substrate of the building board, the wood fiber board absorbs the water and the wood fiber board expands as a whole. In the same manner as described above, warpage hardly occurs by absorbing the expansion at the tip end.

When a building board having moisture-proof performance is used, at least one side of the building board, in other words,
An aluminum layer is formed alone or a synthetic resin film is adhered to one surface of a hard layer of a wood fiber board serving as a substrate via an adhesive layer. After the aluminum layer is formed, a synthetic resin film may be attached to the surface thereof, or a synthetic resin film or a paper layer may be laminated before forming the aluminum layer.

As the aluminum layer, an aluminum foil can be used. The aluminum foil and the synthetic resin film can be adhered by an adhesive or heat fusion. When the aluminum layer is formed by vapor deposition of aluminum,
A synthetic resin film is adhered to the surface of the hard layer with an adhesive, and aluminum is deposited. It is preferable that the aluminum vapor-deposited layer has a thickness of 400 to 800 ° in order to exhibit moisture-proof performance.

As the synthetic resin film, polyester, polysterene, polycarbonate hard vinyl chloride, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate and the like can be used. The thickness of the synthetic resin film is preferably in the range of 10 to 40 μm in order to exhibit moisture-proof performance.

As an adhesive used for attaching an aluminum foil or a synthetic resin film, a urea resin-based, phenol resin-based, melamine resin-based, vinyl acetate resin-based, or vinyl urethane resin-based adhesive can be used. The adhesive may be used as a mixed antiseptic / antibiotic adhesive by imparting antiseptic / antibiotic properties, but it is preferable to interpose a synthetic resin film or paper layer in order to avoid a chemical change of the aluminum layer.

As the paper layer, kraft paper, tissue paper,
Recycled paper or the like can be used. By arranging the paper layer, the anchoring effect of the paper layer and the adhesive easily penetrate into the paper layer, so that the adhesive strength of the aluminum layer can be sufficiently ensured.

As described above, a building board having a moisture-proof property is obtained. In addition, as described above, the moisture-proof performance can be further improved by attaching a synthetic resin film to the hard layer of the substrate, not only on one side but also on both sides thereof, and also on the edge of the wood, as described above.

When a building board having waterproof and moisture permeable performance is provided, at least one surface of the building board, in other words, the surface of the hard layer on at least one side of the wood fiber board of the substrate is provided with a waterproof and moisture permeable board. The sheet is stuck with an adhesive. A waterproof / moisture permeable sheet is a sheet that has a property of preventing the transmission of water in a liquid state but transmitting water vapor in a gas state, and various kinds of sheets using polyester fibers as basic fibers are commercially available.

Adhesives such as urea resin, phenol resin, melamine resin, vinyl acetate resin, vinyl urethane resin and the like can be used for attaching the waterproof / moisture permeable sheet.

In order not to hinder the performance of the waterproof / moisture permeable sheet, the amount of the adhesive to be applied is 1 to 60 with respect to the substrate area.
% Is preferable. The application area close to the lower limit is the minimum necessary value to secure the integrity as a building board in a temporarily fixed state where the waterproof / moisture permeable sheet is barely attached to the substrate surface. is there. In the case of such an application area, the temporarily fixed waterproof / moisture permeable sheet is fixed to the substrate by a stable or the like at the construction site.

As described above, an architectural plate having waterproof and moisture permeable performance is obtained. By applying a waterproof and moisture permeable sheet to not only one side but also both sides of the hard layer of the substrate and further to the edge of the wood, Its waterproof and moisture permeable performance can be further enhanced.

FIG. 4 shows a moisture-proof and air-tight or water-proof structure of the invention.
An example of a wall foundation structure obtained by connecting architectural plates capable of having a moisture-permeation property with their cut ends in contact with each other and nailing and fixing the foundation material 4 is shown.

In this wall base structure, the wooden edges of the architectural plates that are connected to each other in the vertical and horizontal directions are brought into contact with each other, and pillars, studs,
Structural materials such as beams, girders, body gaps, bases, etc.
The hard layers 3 and 3 are nailed and fixed substantially perpendicularly to the base material from the surface of the hard layers 3 and 3 to the base material 4 made of a horizontal member such as a receiver. In addition, although the center layers 2 and 2 will be exposed in the part of the cut hard layer at the edge of the edge of the architectural plate, the fixing strength of the nail 5 is reduced because the center layer has a low specific gravity. Therefore, the nail 5 should not be hit on the exposed portion of the central layer.

The nail 5 to be used must have a sufficient fixing strength, a length of 50 mm or more, and a body diameter of 5 mm or more. Also, the nail driving positions are arbitrarily spaced,
Preferably, nailing is performed at an interval of 150 mm or less. As a result, the wall base structure constituted by the architectural plate connected and fixed to the base material 4 becomes structurally strong, and the thickness of the architectural plate is arbitrarily increased (7.5 mm or more).
In addition, it becomes structurally stronger.

In particular, in the case of a moisture-proof and air-tight structure, in order to enhance the performance, it is preferable to apply an adhesive, sealing, waterproof tape, putty pad 6 or the like to the hole where the nail is driven so as to close the hole.

Also, the decorative paper 7 can be adhered to the joint where the architectural plate has come into contact, after the putty is buried as a base treatment.

In the above, the use of the architectural plate of the present invention has been described as a wall base structure, but it can be used in various forms such as a roof base structure, a floor base structure, and a panel.

[0045]

According to the present invention, in an architectural board using a wood fiber board having a property of absorbing moisture and expanding after construction as a substrate, the tips of the edges of the edges that are in contact with each other are constituted only by the central layer. Thereby, when the wood fiber board expands, the expansion can be absorbed through the compressive deformation of the central layer, and the building board can be prevented from warping. For this reason,
There is no need to provide a gap between the building plates in the joint construction, and the work becomes easier and the cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a wood fiber board.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an architectural board according to an embodiment of the present invention in which the front and back hard layers are cut off at the mouth of a wood fiber board and the tip of the mouth is formed only of a center layer.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a joined state in which the tip ends of the wooden boards in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of a joined state in which the tip ends of the building boards are butted against each other.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of a joined state in which the tips of the edges of a building board are joined to each other.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of a joined state in which the tips of the edges of a building board are joined to each other.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a wall foundation structure obtained by joining architectural plates to each other as shown in FIG. 3 and nailing them to a foundation material.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wood fiber board 2 Center layer 3 Hard layer 4 Base material 5 Nail 6 Putty 7 Decorative paper

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. An architectural board having a wood fiber board as a substrate having a center layer and a hard layer having a higher specific gravity than the center layer formed on the front and back of the center layer, at least one side of a peripheral edge of the board. The architectural plate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hard layers on the front and back sides are cut off so that the tip of the kiguchi is constituted only by the central layer, and the architectural plates abut only on the central layer. 2. The architectural board according to claim 1, wherein an aluminum layer is provided on at least one surface of the substrate via an adhesive. 3. A synthetic resin film is provided on at least one side of the substrate via an adhesive.
The architectural plate described. 4. A construction according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the construction board is used as at least one of construction boards to be connected and constructed, and the opening is constituted by only the central layer of the construction board. A wall foundation structure characterized by being nailed and fixed to a foundation material in a state in which only a tip part is in contact with the other end of a building board.