JP4028273B2 - Power supply circuit - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a power feeding circuit that appropriately maintains the characteristics of power feeding paths of individual elements that constitute an array antenna in a radio station equipped with the array antenna.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) method is inherently concealed and interference resistant, and can be flexibly applied to transmission of various transmission information. Therefore, it is being actively applied to mobile communication systems. is there.
In addition, radio base stations of such mobile communication systems are based on predetermined signal processing and adaptation algorithms for the purpose of effective use of limited radio frequencies and flexible adaptation to various zone configurations and channel configurations. Many array antennas in which individual elements are individually fed in parallel are being mounted.
[0003]
FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a first configuration example of a reception system of a radio base station to which CDMA is applied and an array antenna is mounted.
In the figure, feed points of elements 100-1 to 100-4 constituting the array antenna are connected to inputs of receiving units 101-1 to 101-4, respectively. The outputs of the receiving units 101-1 to 101-4 are all connected to the corresponding inputs of a plurality of M receiving terminal units 102-1 to 102-M, and the outputs of these receiving terminal units 102-1 to 102-M Output signal 1 to output signal M are obtained.
[0004]
The receiving terminal unit 102-1 is composed of the following elements.
Despreading section 103-1 having four inputs individually connected to the outputs of receiving sections 101-1 to 101-4
A path detection unit 104-1 that is connected to the output of the reception unit 101-1 together with the first input of the despreading unit 103-1, and whose output is connected to the control input of the despreading unit 103-1.
Adaptive control unit 105-1 having four inputs individually connected to the four outputs of despreading unit 103-1.
The antenna weights W1 to W4 connected to the four outputs of the adaptive control unit 105-1 and the four outputs of the despreading unit 103-1 and corresponding to the elements 100-1 to 100-4, respectively, Receive beam forming section 106-1 provided by adaptive control section 105-1 and whose output is connected to the first feedback input of adaptive control section 105-1
A demodulator 107-1 that has an input connected to the output of the reception beam forming unit 106-1 and the first feedback input of the adaptive control unit 105-1 and is arranged as the final stage of the reception terminal unit 102
A selector 108-1 in which the output of the demodulator 107-1 is connected to one input and a known signal indicating known information is given to the other input
Multiplication in which the output of the selector 108-1 and the channel estimation output of the demodulator 107-1 are connected to each other, and the output is connected to the second feedback input of the adaptive control unit 105-1 109-1
Further, the demodulator 107-1 includes the following elements.
[0005]
A channel estimator 110-1 whose input is connected to the output of the receive beamformer 106-1 and whose output is connected to the corresponding input of the multiplier 109
A multiplier 111 − having the input of the channel estimator 110-1 connected to the output of the reception beam forming unit 106-1 and the output of the channel estimator 110-1 connected to the other input. 1
A signal determination unit 112-1 connected in series to the output of the multiplier 111-1 and disposed at the subsequent stage of the multiplier 111-1 as the final stage of the demodulation unit 107-1
The configuration of receiving terminal station units 102-2 to 102-M is the same as that of receiving terminal station unit 102-1. Therefore, in the following, components having the same function and configuration are denoted by the same reference numerals given the suffix numbers “2” to “M”, and description and illustration thereof are omitted here. .
[0006]
In the reception system having such a configuration (hereinafter referred to as “adaptive array reception method”), the receiving units 101-1 to 101-4 receive received waves arriving in parallel with the elements 100-1 to 100-4, respectively. By performing heterodyne detection (homodyne detection), first to fourth baseband signals indicating these received waves are output.
Further, the receiving terminal stations 102-1 to 102-M are appropriately assigned to a prescribed control channel or individual calls (subscribers) that occur under predetermined channel control.
[0007]
In the following, for the matters common to the receiving terminal units 102-1 to 102-M, a suffix “c” is added, which means that it can correspond to any of the suffix numbers “1” to “M”. Describe using the same code.
In addition, a unique spreading code c indicating a radio channel c allocated under channel control adapted to a predetermined channel arrangement and zone configuration is appropriately given to the despreading unit 103-c and the path detection unit 104-c. .
[0008]
Further, the path detection unit 104-c determines the path c formed by the first baseband based on the steep cross-correlation between the spread code c and the first baseband signal described above. To detect.
The despreading unit 103-c performs the above-described despreading process on the first baseband signal to the fourth baseband signal while synchronizing with the time point when the path c is detected. By performing in parallel based on the code c, first to fourth despread signals c are generated.
[0009]
The reception beam forming unit 106-c receives the first to fourth despread signals c and the antenna weights W given in advance by the adaptive control unit 105-c in the order of time series i. _c 1 to W _c 4 (hereinafter, a signal given as a sequence of such product-sums is referred to as a “combined despread signal c”) y _c By taking (i), the elements 100-1 to 100-4 are individually fed in the baseband region.
[0010]
The channel estimator 110-c correlates with the known component to be included in the combined despread signal generated by the reception beam forming unit 106-c in this way, thereby to The transmission characteristics of the wireless transmission path formed between the elements 100-1 to 100-4 are estimated.
The multiplier 111-c multiplies the combined despread signal c by a conjugate complex number c of the complex number c indicating the transmission characteristics, thereby compensating for the distortion generated in the combined despread signal c in the above-described wireless transmission path. Hereinafter, the signal generated by the multiplier 111-c in this way is simply referred to as a “demodulated signal c”.
[0011]
The signal determination unit 112-c determines each signal point indicated by the demodulated signal c based on a known signal point arrangement, and outputs an output signal c indicating a sequence of these signal points.
In addition, the selector 108-c outputs the above-described output signal only at the time of start-up and the “pull-in period” from the time when a certain radio channel is assigned to the receiving terminal 102-c to the time when a predetermined condition is satisfied. Among the known signals c and known signals, the known signal is selected under the initiative of the adaptive control unit 105-c.
[0012]
The multiplier 109 calculates the reference signal r by taking the product of the “reference signal c” indicating the signal thus selected in the order of the time series i and the conjugate complex number c described above. _c Generate (i).
The adaptive control unit 105-c performs the above-described combined despread signal y in the order of time series i. _c (i) and reference signal r _c For (i), the error signal e given by _c Corresponding to the demodulated signal c by updating the antenna weights W1 to W4 based on an adaptive algorithm (any of LMS, RLS, SMI, etc.) that minimizes the mean square value of (i) The main lobe of the array antenna is formed and maintained in the direction of the transmission end (mobile station) of the received wave.
[0013]
e _c (i) = r _c (i) −y _c (i)
Note that such an adaptive algorithm is not a feature of the present invention and is realized by applying various prior arts, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted here.
Therefore, the elements 100-1 to 100-4 can transmit any of the received waves arriving via the radio channels individually assigned to the receiving terminal local units 102-1 to 102-M. It is commonly used as an array antenna that forms main lobes in parallel in the direction.
[0014]
FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a second configuration example of a reception system of a radio base station to which CDMA is applied and an array antenna is mounted.
The receiving system shown in FIG. 12 includes receiving terminal stations 120-1 to 120-M in place of the receiving terminal stations 102-1 to 102-M described above.
The receiving terminal unit 120-1 does not include the selector 108-1 and the multiplier 109-1 described above, and includes an antenna weight selection unit 121-1 instead of the adaptive control unit 105-1, and the antenna. The weight selection unit 121-1 is not connected to the outputs of the despreading unit 103-1 and the reception beam forming unit 106-1, and further, the input becomes the output of the multiplier 111-1 together with the input of the signal determination unit 112-1. An SIR measurement unit 122-1 that is connected and whose output is connected to the input of the antenna weight selection unit 121-1 is provided.
[0015]
Note that the configuration of the receiving terminal units 120-2 to 120-M is the same as the configuration of the receiving terminal unit 120-1, and therefore, the same functions and configurations will be referred to below with reference numerals “2” to “ The same reference numeral “M” is assigned instead of the suffix “1”, and the description and illustration thereof are omitted here.
Further, in the following, for the matters common to the receiving terminal units 120-1 to 120-M, the suffix “c” is added, which means that it can correspond to any of the suffix numbers “1” to “M”. Describe using the same code.
[0016]
In the reception system having such a configuration (hereinafter referred to as “multi-beam reception method”), the antenna weight selection unit 121-c includes all of the suitable antenna weights W1 to W4 to be given to the reception beam forming unit 106-c. (Determined based on the direction, shape, dimension, position, and other attributes of the radio zone and sector to be formed by the elements 100-1 to 100-4).
[0017]
Further, at the time of start-up, the antenna weight selection unit 121-c gives a predetermined combination of antenna weights as the antenna weights W1 to W4 to the reception beam forming unit 106-c.
On the other hand, the SIR measurement unit 122-c sequentially sets a predetermined value, for example, as an average value of errors in the signal space for each signal point indicated by the demodulated signal c generated by the multiplier 111-c as described above. Find SI ratio with frequency and accuracy.
[0018]
As long as the SI ratio does not exceed the specified lower limit value, the antenna weight selection unit 121-1 sets different antenna weights W1 to W4 previously given to the reception beam forming unit 106-c (as described above). , Corresponding to any of the antenna weights given in advance). These antenna weights W1 to W4 are set to values at which this SI ratio exceeds at least the lower limit value.
[0019]
Therefore, according to the multi-beam reception method, as long as the responsiveness of the SIR measurement unit 122-c and the accuracy of the SI ratio measured by the SIR measurement unit 122-c are sufficiently high, the arrival direction of the desired wave The main lobe is formed and maintained quickly and accurately.
FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a third configuration example of a reception system of a radio base station to which CDMA is applied and an array antenna is mounted.
[0020]
The receiving system shown in FIG. 13 includes receiving terminal stations 130-1 to 120-M in place of the receiving terminal stations 102-1 to 102-M described above.
The receiving terminal unit 130-1 includes an antenna weight calculation unit 131-1 instead of the antenna weight selection unit 121-1 described above, does not include the SIR measurement unit 122-1, and includes a despreading unit 103-1. An arrival direction estimation unit 132-1 connected to each of the four outputs and the input of the antenna weight calculation unit 131-1 is provided.
[0021]
The configuration of the receiving terminal station units 130-2 to 130-M is the same as that of the receiving terminal station unit 130-1, and therefore, the same functions and configurations will be referred to below with reference numerals “2” to “ The same reference numeral “M” is assigned instead of the suffix “1”, and the description and illustration thereof are omitted here.
In addition, in the following, for the matters common to the receiving terminal units 130-1 to 130-M, the suffix “c” is added, which means that it can correspond to any of the suffix numbers “1” to “M”. Describe using the same code.
[0022]
In the reception system having such a configuration (hereinafter referred to as “beam steering reception method”), the arrival direction estimation unit 132-c is applied with the prior art disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-251964. Azimuth angle θ indicating the direction of the transmission end of the received wave indicated by the first to fourth despread signals c generated by the despreading section 103-c (hereinafter referred to as “arrival direction”). _c Is estimated at a predetermined frequency.
[0023]
The antenna weight calculation unit 131-c may, for example, _c The antenna weights W1 to W4 are obtained by performing the arithmetic operation represented by the following expression, and these antenna weights W1 to W4 are given to the reception beam forming unit 106-c.
W1 = 1
W2 = exp (jπsinθ _c )
W3 = exp (j2πsinθ _c )
W4 = exp (j3πsinθ _c )
Therefore, according to the beam steering system, the responsiveness of the antenna weight calculation unit 131c and the arrival direction estimation unit 132-c and the above-described azimuth angle θ estimated by the arrival direction estimation unit 132-c. _c As long as the accuracy is sufficiently high, the main lobe is formed and maintained promptly and accurately with respect to the direction of arrival of the desired wave.
[0024]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in the above-described adaptive array reception method, it is possible to form a main lobe with respect to the arrival direction of the desired wave and a null point with respect to the arrival direction of the interference wave. However, the antenna weights W1 to W4 based on the adaptive algorithm can be formed. In setting and updating, since thousands or tens of thousands of symbols given as received waves in advance are referred to, a huge amount of processing has to be ensured.
However, when such a processing amount is restricted to a level that can be realized, for example, even when “standardized LMS” is applied as an adaptive algorithm, the azimuth angle converges in the direction of the main lobe with high accuracy. It takes a few seconds.
[0025]
Therefore, in the adaptive array reception system, the higher the speed of the mobile station that is the transmitting end of the desired wave, the higher the possibility that the substantial transmission quality will be significantly reduced.
Further, in the above-described multi-beam reception method and beam steering reception method, the above-described null point is not formed, but the response time is generally a value that can realize the time required for the above-described SI ratio measurement and arrival direction estimation. As long as it is, it is 10 milliseconds or less, which is significantly faster than the adaptive array reception method.
[0026]
However, in recent years, in the field of mobile communication services, there has been a strong demand for flexible realization of various added values under intense competition among a plurality of carriers. It was difficult to achieve alone.
An object of the present invention is to provide a power feeding circuit that achieves desired directivity at high speed with high accuracy and maintains high transmission quality.
[0027]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
FIG. 1 is a first principle block diagram of the present invention.
In the first aspect of the present invention, the single or plural feeding method selection units 11-1 to 11-N have different attributes, and among the plurality of feeding methods that can be applied to feeding the array antenna 10, A feeding method having an attribute suitable for the state identified by the system including the array antenna 10 is individually selected. The single or plural power feeding units 12-1 to 12-N perform power feeding of the plurality of elements 10E-1 to 10E-n constituting the array antenna 10 in parallel based on the power feeding method selected in this way. Do it.
[0028]
That is, the power supply method applied to the power supply of these elements 10E-1 to 10E-n is maintained as a power supply method suitable for the above-described state.
Therefore, a decrease in transmission quality and service quality that may occur due to such a power supply method not conforming to the above-described state is highly accurate and stably avoided.
[0029]
FIG. 2 is a second principle block diagram of the present invention.
In the invention described in claim 2, the single or plural feeding method selection units 11-1 to 11 -N have different attributes, and among a plurality of feeding methods that can be applied to the feeding of the array antenna 10, A feeding method having an attribute suitable for the state identified by the system including the array antenna 10 is individually selected. The plurality of power supply units 21-1 to 21-P are provided for each of these power supply methods by the maximum number that can be selected in parallel by the power supply method selection units 11-1 to 11-N, and the corresponding power supply methods. Based on the above, the plurality of elements 10E-1 to 10E-n constituting the array antenna 10 are fed in parallel. The allocating means 22 has a plurality of power supply means 21-1 to 21-21 for the traffic whose state is identified each time a power supply system is selected by the power supply system selection means 11-1 to 11 -N. In -P, power supply means for power supply is assigned based on this power supply method.
[0030]
That is, the number of radio channels to be formed in parallel via the elements 10E-1 to 10E-n, or the channels of radio channels to be reserved in parallel via these elements 10E-1 to 10E-n As long as the average value of the capacity is large and the total number P of the power supply means 21-1 to 21-P to be mounted based on this average value is appropriately set in advance, it is individually adapted to only a specified single power supply method. Thus, the existing or standard power supply means can be effectively used, and the flexibility of expansion can be ensured and the cost required for the expansion can be reduced.
[0031]
In the third aspect of the present invention, the single or plural feeding method selection units 11-1 to 11-N are individually connected to the radio transmission paths formed in parallel based on the multiple access method via the array antenna 10. And a power feeding method having an attribute suitable for the state identified in the course of processing relating to these wireless transmission paths is selected. The single or plural power feeding units 12-1 to 12-N and 21-1 to 21-P include a plurality of elements 10E-1 to 10E in the baseband region or the intermediate frequency region individually corresponding to the above-described wireless transmission path. -n feeds in parallel.
[0032]
That is, even when many wireless transmission paths are to be formed in parallel based on the above-described multiple access method, the power supply of the elements 10E-1 to 10E-n is individually performed for all of these wireless transmission paths. And in parallel.
Therefore, these wireless transmission paths are formed at low cost and with high transmission quality by using the array antenna 10 in common.
[0033]
Claim 1 to 3 In the invention described in (1), the single or plural feeding method selection units 11-1 to 11-N obtain the azimuth angle arriving at the array antenna 10 for each received wave arriving at the array antenna 10, and the azimuth thereof. As the change rate of the angle is larger, the power supply method that requires less processing amount for setting and updating the characteristics of the power supply paths of the plurality of elements 10E-1 to 10E-n is selected from the plurality of power supply methods described above.
[0034]
That is, in any period when any power feeding method is applied, the pawl is reliably set for the increase in the processing amount required for setting or updating the antenna weight based on the power feeding method.
Therefore, compared to the case where no such pawl is set, there is a power feeding method that is suitable for the above-mentioned rate of change in azimuth, and transmission quality is stable for any channel as long as the power feeding method can be applied. And maintained well.
[0035]
Claim 4 In the invention described in the above, the state is all or one of channel control related to formation of wireless transmission paths via the array antenna 10 and communication control and call processing related to traffic to be transmitted through these wireless transmission paths. Identified based on the procedure of the part. That is, the power feeding method to be applied to the array antenna 10 is flexibly changed based on all or part of the above-described channel control, communication control, and call processing.
[0036]
Therefore, the configuration of the wireless transmission system formed via the array antenna 10 and the flexibility to improve the added value of the wireless transmission system are ensured.
In the invention of the first subordinate concept of the invention described in claims 1 to 3, the single or plural feeding method selection means 11-1 to 11-N are in the process of RAKE reception via the array antenna 10. Are configured as a set of sub-modules that individually correspond to the fingers detected in (1) and select in parallel a power feeding method having an attribute suitable for the state identified in the process of individual processing related to these fingers. The single or plural power feeding means 12-1 to 12-N and 21-1 to 21-P are arranged in the baseband region or the middle for each finger based on the power feeding method individually selected by these submodules. In the frequency domain, the plurality of elements 10E-1 to 10E-n are fed in parallel.
[0037]
That is, each of the elements 10E-1 to 10E-n is provided with an antenna weight individually corresponding to each finger for which RAKE combining is performed, and regarding the increase in processing amount required for setting and updating these antenna weights, The pawl is set securely.
Therefore, for example, in a radio transmission system in which a received wave originally arrives through both the main lobe and the side lobe as in a mobile communication system in which microcells are formed, an array antenna is provided for a desired number of channels. 10 is shared, and RAKE combining is performed stably in parallel for any channel.
[0038]
In the invention of the second subordinate concept of the invention described in claims 1 to 3, the single or plural feeding method selection means 11-1 to 11 -N are parallel based on RAKE reception via the array antenna 10. As a set of submodules that select in parallel a power feeding method that has an attribute suitable for the state identified in the process of individual processing related to each wireless transmission path Composed. The single or plural power feeding units 12-1 to 12-N and 21-1 to 21-P include a plurality of elements 10E-1 to 10E in the baseband region or the intermediate frequency region individually corresponding to the above-described wireless transmission path. -n feeds in parallel.
[0039]
That is, the element 10E-1 to 10E-n are given in parallel antenna weights individually corresponding to each radio transmission path as a unit of RAKE combining, but the processing amount required for setting and updating these antenna weights The pawl for the increase is set reliably.
Therefore, compared to the case where the processing related to the setting and updating of the antenna weight is performed in parallel for each finger, it is possible to reduce the overall processing amount and / or simplify the configuration. In addition, the array antenna 10 is shared by a desired number of channels, and RAKE combining is stably performed in parallel for any channel.
[0040]
In the first invention related to the invention according to the first to third aspects, the plurality of power feeding methods that can be applied to the power feeding of the array antenna 10 include the feeding paths of the plurality of elements 10E-1 to 10E-n. Specific feeding schemes whose characteristics are set and updated based on an adaptive algorithm are included. All or a part of the single or plural power feeding means 12-1 to 12-N and 21-1 to 21-P are arranged in a plurality of elements 10E-1 to 10E-n based on such a specific power feeding method. When power supply is started, the characteristics that have been individually set in advance on the power supply path based on a power supply method other than the specific power supply method are applied as initial conditions of the adaptive algorithm.
[0041]
That is, when a power feeding method to which the application algorithm is applied is applied instead of a power feeding method to which the adaptive algorithm is not applied, even if the convergence speed inherent to the adaptive algorithm is long, the elements 10E-1 to 10E- The transmission quality is stably maintained high unless the accuracy of the characteristics set prior to the n individual power supply paths is excessively low.
[0042]
Therefore, various adaptive algorithms can be applied regardless of the inherent convergence speed described above.
In the second invention related to the invention according to claims 1 to 3, the single or plural power feeding means 12-1 to 12-N, 21-1 to 21-P are single or plural power feedings. Based on the power feeding method individually selected by the method selection means 11-1 to 11-N, the array antenna 10 is shared for both transmission and reception, and the distance and direction between the transmission end and the reception end, and these The wireless transmission line formed between the transmitting end and the receiving end of the wireless transmission path is individually matched with all or a part of the band.
[0043]
In other words, the present invention can be applied not only to a receiving station but also to a wireless station that performs both transmission and reception of desired transmission information via a half-duplex or full-duplex wireless transmission path. It becomes possible.
Therefore, even if the number of radio channels to be formed in parallel via the array antenna 10 is plural, the array antenna 10 transmits and receives all of these radio channels without complicating the configuration. Shared by
[0044]
Claim 1 to 3 In the invention of the subordinate concept of the invention described in 1), the single or plural feeding method selection means 11-1 to 11-N include the fading frequency attached to each received wave and the relative distance of the transmitting end with respect to the array antenna 10. The azimuth is obtained as a converted value of the ratio. Such an azimuth is accurately and reliably obtained without providing dedicated hardware.
[0045]
Therefore, the surplus processing amount and other resources of the radio station to which the present invention is to be applied are effectively used, and the transmission quality is stably maintained high. Claim 1 to 3 In the first invention related to the invention described in 1), the fading frequency and / or the relative distance described above are normalized as a ratio or difference with respect to a specified standard value.
[0046]
That is, for all radio channels to be formed in parallel, the frequency and relative distance of fading described above are expressed in the scale and form in which feeding by sharing the array antenna 10 is achieved with the desired accuracy and responsiveness. The
Therefore, it is possible to further reduce the amount of processing required for feeding the array antenna 10.
[0047]
Claim 1 to 3 In the second invention related to the invention described in (1), the single or plural feeding method selection means 11-1 to 11-N are provided for both the system provided with the array antenna 10 and the transmission end of each received wave. The azimuth is obtained based on the result of positioning at the transmitting end that is performed in conjunction with each other or autonomously performed by either one of them. Such an azimuth is based on predetermined navigation applied to these systems or transmission ends, based on the load distribution and / or functional distribution between the systems and transmission ends described above. Desired.
[0048]
Therefore, in the system provided with the array antenna 10 and the transmission end described above, the above-described azimuth angle can be accurately obtained with desired accuracy without complicating the configuration by effectively utilizing existing resources. Highly demanded. Claims 1 to 3 In the invention related to the invention described in (1), the single or plural power supply method selection units 11-1 to 11-N may include the plurality of power supply methods described above for each traffic that is the target of the processing in which the above-described state is identified. Among the methods, a power supply method that conforms to all or part of the attributes of the transmitting end and / or the receiving end, and the exchange method to be applied and the communication procedure is applied.
[0049]
In other words, the power supply method to be actually applied is not limited to the above-described state for each traffic described above, but all or part of the attributes of the transmission end and reception end, the exchange method to be applied, and the communication procedure. Is appropriately set to a power supply method adapted to the above.
Therefore, for any wireless channel, the array antenna 10 is fed in parallel based on a feeding method suitable for the traffic to be transmitted through the wireless channel.
[0050]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the first and fourth embodiments of the present invention.
In this embodiment, receiving terminal stations 30-1 to 30-M are provided instead of the receiving terminal stations 102-1 to 102-M shown in FIG. 11, and these receiving terminal stations 30-1 to 30-M are provided. A power supply control unit 31 connected to specific inputs and outputs individually provided is provided.
The receiving terminal station 30-1 is configured as follows.
[0051]
The antenna weight selection unit 121-1 and the SIR measurement unit 122-1 shown in FIG. 12 are added to the reception terminal station 102-1 shown in FIG.
The output of the antenna weight selection unit 121-1 and the output of the adaptive control unit 105-1 described above are connected to corresponding inputs of the selector 32-1, and the selection input and output of the selector 32-1 are Are respectively connected to a corresponding specific output of the power feeding control unit 31 and a corresponding input of the reception beam forming unit 106-1.
[0052]
The output of despreading section 103-1 is connected to the corresponding input of arrival direction estimation section 33-1 along with the corresponding inputs of reception beam forming section 106-1 and adaptive control section 105.
The output of the arrival direction estimation unit 33-1 is connected to a specific input corresponding to the power supply control unit 31 via the angular velocity estimation unit 34-1.
[0053]
The configuration of the receiving terminal station units 30-2 to 30-M is the same as that of the receiving terminal station unit 30-1. Therefore, in the following, components having the same function and configuration are denoted by common reference numerals assigned with suffix numbers “2” to “M”, and description and illustration thereof are omitted here.
FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the first embodiment of the present invention.
[0054]
The operation of the first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. 3 and FIG. First, for items common to the receiving terminal units 30-1 to 30-M, a code to which a suffix “c” indicating that any of the suffix numbers “1” to “M” can be applied is added. Use to describe.
Similar to the arrival direction estimation unit 132-c shown in FIG. 13, the arrival direction estimation unit 33-c receives the received waves indicated by the first to fourth despread signals c generated by the despreading unit 103-c. An azimuth angle θ indicating the direction of the transmitting end (FIG. 4 (1)) (hereinafter referred to as “arrival direction”) _c Is estimated at a predetermined frequency.
[0055]
The angular velocity estimation unit 34-c _c Rate of change Δθ _c Are obtained sequentially.
The power supply control unit 31 determines the change rate Δθ. _c Is determined to exceed the prescribed threshold value θth, and during the period when the determination result is false, the reception beam forming unit 106-c is connected to the adaptive control unit 105-c via the selector 32-c. Connect the output. However, during a period in which the determination result is true, the power feeding control unit 31 connects the output of the antenna weight selection unit 121-c to the reception beam forming unit 106-c via the selector 32-c.
[0056]
In the receiving terminal station 30-c, the operations of all elements other than the selector 32-c, the arrival direction estimating unit 33-c, and the angular velocity estimating unit 34-c are the same as those in the conventional example shown in FIGS. Since it is basically the same, the description is omitted below.
In other words, in the present embodiment, the power supply to the elements 100-1 to 100-4 is any signal that arrives at the radio base station to which the present embodiment is applied (the array antenna including the elements 100-1 to 100-4). For the received wave, the azimuth angle θ _c Depending on the process.
[0057]
-The rate of change Δθ described above due to movement of the transmission end of the corresponding received wave, etc. _c Azimuth angle θ to the extent that exceeds the specified threshold θth _c When the frequency changes at high speed, the “multi-beam reception method” is adopted.
・ Conversely, the rate of change Δθ described above _c Azimuth angle θ to the extent that is below the specified threshold θth _c When the value changes at a low speed, the “adaptive array reception method” is adopted.
[0058]
As described above, according to the present embodiment, the individual received waves arriving at the elements 100-1 to 100-4 are received based on the adaptive array reception method only during a period in which the rate of change in the arrival direction is small. During a period when the rate of change is large, reception is performed based on the multi-beam reception method having higher responsiveness than the adaptive array reception method.
Accordingly, transmission quality and service quality are stably maintained high, and flexible adaptation to diversification of transmission services provided via individual channels is possible.
[0059]
In addition, pawls related to an increase in the processing amount required to set and update the antenna weights W1 to W4 are surely set, and the adaptive array reception method has priority in setting and updating these antenna weights W1 to W4. Applied at least with the proper frequency and accuracy based at least on the multi-beam reception scheme.
[0060]
In the present embodiment, the arrival direction estimation unit 33-c applies the azimuth angle θ by applying the prior art disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-251964. _c Seeking.
However, the present invention is not limited to such a configuration. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the following fading frequency estimation unit 41-c and angular velocity estimation unit 42-c are respectively connected to the arrival direction estimation unit 33 described above. -c and angular velocity estimation unit 34-c may be provided instead.
[0061]
A fading frequency estimation unit 41-c that is connected to the output of the channel estimation unit 110-c and estimates a fading frequency associated with a received wave (hereinafter referred to as “fading frequency”).
The relative distance r and velocity v of the transmission end of the received wave are obtained by converting the timing of the received wave and the fading frequency described above with the frequency at which the corresponding path is detected by the path detection unit 104-c. With respect to these relative distance r and velocity v, the above-mentioned azimuth angle θ shown by the following equation _c And its azimuth angle θ _c Rate of change Δθ _c Angular velocity estimation unit 42-c
Δθ _c = V / r
Further, in the calculation process performed by the angular velocity estimation unit 42-c, the relative distance r and the velocity v described above are not necessarily obtained as absolute values. For example, the relative distance r and the velocity v are not necessarily obtained. Are evaluated as ratios and deviations from the standard values given individually, and the rate of change Δθ described above _c As shown in FIG. 6, the angular velocity may be obtained by appropriately referring to an angular velocity evaluation table 43-c in which all values uniquely determined for the results of these evaluations are registered.
[0062]
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
In this embodiment, receiving terminal stations 50-1 to 50-M are provided instead of the receiving terminal stations 30-1 to 30-M shown in FIG.
The receiving terminal 50-1 is configured as follows.
A path detection unit 51-1 is provided in place of the above-described path detection unit 104-1, and detects main individual fingers detected based on the delay profile of the received wave.
[0063]
Of the elements constituting the receiving terminal station 30-1 shown in FIG. 3, except for the path detecting unit 104-1, the arrival direction estimating unit 33-1, the angular velocity estimating unit 34-1 and the signal determining unit 112-1 described above Elements (hereinafter referred to as “specific elements”) are individually provided, and instead of these specific elements, the maximum number L of fingers that can be detected in parallel by the path detection unit 51-1 described above are individually provided. Corresponding finger corresponding portions 52-11 to 52-1L are provided. For the sake of simplicity, the individual elements provided in the finger corresponding portions 52-11 to 52-1L are subscripts corresponding to the corresponding finger corresponding portions among the subscripts “1” to “L”. Is added as the second subscript, and the same reference numerals as those of the specific elements described above are given, and the description and illustration thereof are omitted.
[0064]
The corresponding outputs of the above-described path detection unit 51-1 are individually connected to the despreading units 103-11 to 103-1L individually provided in the finger corresponding units 52-11 to 52-1L.
Only the output of the despreading unit 103-11 among the despreading units 103-11 to 103-1L described above is connected to the input of the arrival direction estimating unit 33-11.
[0065]
The outputs of the multipliers 111-11 to 111-1L individually provided in the finger corresponding units 52-11 to 52-1L are connected to the corresponding inputs of the adder 53-1, and the output of the adder 53-1 Is connected to the input of signal determiner 112-1.
The output of the signal determination unit 112-1 is connected in parallel to one input of the selectors 108-11 to 108-1L individually provided in the finger corresponding units 52-11 to 52-1L.
[0066]
A corresponding common output of the power supply control unit 31 is connected to selection inputs of the selectors 32-11 to 32-1L individually provided in the finger corresponding units 52-11 to 52-1L.
The configuration of the receiving terminal station 50-2 to 50-M is the same as that of the receiving terminal station 50-1. Therefore, in the following, components having the same function and configuration are denoted by common reference numerals assigned with suffix numbers “2” to “M”, and description and illustration thereof are omitted here.
[0067]
The operation of the second embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.
First, for items common to the receiving terminal units 50-1 to 50-M, a suffix “c” is added below, which means that it can correspond to any of the suffix numbers “1” to “M”. Describe using the same code.
In the receiving terminal unit 50-c, the despreading units 103-c1 to 103-cL demultiplex the received waves based on the despread signals individually synchronized with the fingers (paths) detected by the path detection unit 51-c. By performing the spreading process, a despread signal is generated in parallel.
[0068]
These despread signals are given to adder 53-c via reception beam forming sections 106-c1 to 106-cL, channel estimation sections 110-c1 to 110-cL and multipliers 111-c1 to 111-cL. Further, after being synthesized by the adder 53-c, the signal is subjected to signal determination performed by the code determination unit 112-c.
Therefore, the received waves arriving at the elements 100-1 to 100-4 are received based on the RAKE reception method, and high transmission quality is ensured even when a multipath is formed in the propagation path of the received waves. .
[0069]
On the other hand, the arrival direction estimation unit 33-c generates the azimuth angle θ described above based on the despread signal generated by the despreading unit 103-c1 provided only in the finger corresponding unit 52-c1. _c Is estimated at a predetermined frequency. In addition, the angular velocity estimation unit 34-c _c Rate of change Δθ _c Are obtained sequentially.
Further, the power supply control unit 31 changes the change rate Δθ. _c Is determined to exceed the prescribed threshold value θth, and during the period when the result of the determination is false, the reception beam forming units 106-c1 to 106-cL are connected via the selectors 32-c1 to 32-cL. The outputs of the adaptive control units 105-c1 to 105-cL are connected to each other. However, during a period in which the determination result is true, the power feeding control unit 31 passes the selectors 32-c1 to 32-cL to the reception beam forming units 106-c1 to 106-cL, respectively, and receives the antenna weight selection unit 121. -c1 to 111-cL outputs are connected.
[0070]
Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the elements 100-1 to 100-4 are provided with antenna weights W1 to W4 individually corresponding to each finger in parallel, and the setting and updating of these antenna weights W1 to W4 are performed. The pawl associated with an increase in the amount of processing required is reliably set.
Therefore, for example, even when a received wave arrives not only through the main lobe but also through the side lobe as in a mobile communication system in which microcells are formed, a plurality of receiving terminal stations 50-1 to 50- RAKE synthesis is performed stably through the elements 100-1 to 100-4 shared by M.
[0071]
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
In this embodiment, receiving terminal stations 60-1 to 60-M are provided instead of the receiving terminal stations 50-1 to 50-M shown in FIG.
The receiving terminal unit 60-1 is configured as follows.
A finger corresponding unit 61-11 to 61-1L is provided instead of the finger corresponding unit 52-11 to 52-1L shown in FIG. 7, and the selector 108-1, the adaptive control unit 105-1, and the antenna shown in FIG. A weight selection unit 121-1 and a selector 32-1 are provided.
[0072]
The adder 53-1 and the signal determiner 112-1 shown in FIG. 7 are arranged at the subsequent stage of the finger corresponding units 61-11 to 61-1L.
The SIR measurement unit 122-1 shown in FIG. 3 is provided, and the output of the adder 53-1 is connected to the input of the SIR measurement unit 122-1.
The multiplier 109-1 shown in FIG. 7 is not provided, and the output of the selector 108-1 is connected to the corresponding input of the adaptive control unit 105 without passing through the multiplier 109-1.
[0073]
The finger corresponding units 61-11 to 61-1L have 4L inputs connected to the monitor terminals that each have four individually, and are individually connected to the corresponding four inputs of the adaptive control unit 105-1. An adder 63-1 having four outputs is provided.
The finger corresponding portion 61-11 is configured as follows.
7 is provided with despreading section 103-11, reception beam forming section 106-11, channel estimation section 110-11 and multiplier 111-11 shown in FIG. 7, and signal determination section 112-11 shown in FIG. Absent.
[0074]
The output of the despreader 103-11 is connected to the corresponding input of the multiplier 64-11 together with the corresponding input of the reception beam forming unit 106-11.
The output of the channel estimator 110-11 is connected to a specific input of the multiplier 64-11, and the output of the multiplier 64-11 is connected to the corresponding input of the adder 63-1.
[0075]
The output of the selector 32-1 is commonly connected to the antenna weight inputs of the finger corresponding units 61-11 to 61-1L.
The configuration of the receiving terminal stations 60-2 to 60-M is the same as that of the receiving terminal station 60-1. Therefore, in the following, components having the same function and configuration are denoted by common reference numerals assigned with suffix numbers “2” to “M”, and description and illustration thereof are omitted here.
[0076]
The operation of the third embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.
First, for items common to the receiving terminal units 60-1 to 60-M, a subscript “c” meaning that any of the subscript numbers “1” to “M” can be applied is added below. Describe using the same code.
The finger corresponding units 61-c1 to 61-cL provided in the receiving terminal unit 60-c are prepared for the second embodiment described above by linking with the adder 53-c and the signal determining unit 112-c. RAKE reception is performed based on a procedure basically similar to that of the obtained finger corresponding units 52c1 to 52-cL.
[0077]
On the other hand, the SIR measurement unit 122-c performs the same processing as in the first embodiment described above on the output signal c obtained by linking the finger corresponding units 61-c1 to 61-CL and the adder 53c. Thus, the SI ratio of the output signal c is obtained.
Further, the output signal c or the known signal selected by the selector 108-c is directly given to the adaptive control unit 105-c.
[0078]
However, although the antenna weights obtained by the adaptive control unit 105-c and the antenna weight selection unit 121-c are not individually obtained for each corresponding finger in the finger correspondence units 61-c1 to 61-CL, the following conditions are satisfied. It is required with high accuracy under (1) and (2).
(1) The despread signals output from the despreaders 103-c1 to 103-CL are connected to the multipliers 64-c1 to 64-CL and the adder 63-c, so that the channel estimator 110-c1 To 110-CL are given to the adaptive control section 105-c as a product sum with the conjugate complex number individually given.
[0079]
(2) Further, the calculation for calculating the antenna weight based on the adaptive algorithm by the adaptive control unit 105-c is a linear calculation as long as the rounding error and the truncation error that can occur in the calculation process are small enough. Can be considered.
That is, the SIR measurement unit 122-c, the selector 108-c, the adaptive control unit 105-c, the antenna weight selection unit 121-c, and the selector 32-c are shared by the finger corresponding units 61-c1 to 61-CL. Antenna weights are given to the receiving beam forming units 106-c1 to 106-CL provided in the finger corresponding units 61-c1 to 61-CL with high accuracy.
[0080]
Therefore, in this embodiment, the configuration is simplified as compared with the second embodiment described above, but the amount of processing required for setting and updating the antenna weight is reduced, and RAKE reception is performed with high accuracy. .
Hereinafter, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In the present embodiment, as indicated by a dotted line in FIG. 3, the output of the antenna weight selection unit 121-c is connected to the initial value input of the adaptive control unit 105-c, and the output of the power feeding control unit 31 is the selector 32-c. Is connected to the activation input of the adaptive control unit 105-c.
[0081]
The operation of the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.
In the present embodiment, the operation of each unit other than the adaptive control unit 105-c is the same as the operation in the first embodiment described above, so the description thereof is omitted here.
The adaptive control unit 105-c monitors the logical value of the selection signal given to the selector 32-c by the power feeding control unit 31, and the adaptive control unit 105-c replaces the antenna weight selection unit 121-c with the reception beam forming unit. The period in which the antenna weight is to be given to 106-c is identified.
[0082]
At the start point of such a period, adaptive control section 105-c takes in the antenna weight given to reception beam forming section 106-c in advance by antenna weight selection section 121-c, and the antenna weight or this By applying a value obtained by performing a predetermined calculation to the antenna weight as an initial value, the antenna weight is updated based on a predetermined adaptive algorithm.
[0083]
That is, when reception processing based on a reception method other than the adaptive array reception method is continued based on the adaptive array reception method, the convergence speed inherent to the adaptive algorithm to be applied to this adaptive array reception method is long. Even so, the transmission quality is stably maintained high unless the accuracy of the antenna weight previously given to the reception beam forming unit 106-c is excessively lowered.
[0084]
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
This embodiment is configured as follows.
The power supply ends of the elements 100-1 to 100-4 are connected to the first openings of the circulators 80-1 to 80-4, respectively, and the second openings of these circulators 80-1 to 80-4 are the receiving units, respectively. Connected to the inputs of receiving terminal stations 81-1 to 81-M via 101-1 to 101-4. Note that the configurations of these receiving terminal stations 81-1 to 81-M are here for the sake of simplicity, receiving terminal stations 30-1 to 30- provided in the above-described first to fourth embodiments. It is assumed that the configuration is the same as any of M, 50-1 to 50-M, and 60-1 to 60-M.
[0085]
The transmission terminal stations 82-1 to 82-M connected in cascade and connected in a reversible manner to the processes performed in the reception terminal stations 81-1 to 81-M described above and multiplexed A part 83 is provided.
The transmitters 84-1 to 84-4 connected to the four outputs of the multiplexing unit 83 are provided, and the outputs of these transmitters 84-1 to 84-4 are circulators 80-1 to 80-. Connected to 4 third openings respectively.
[0086]
A power supply control unit 85 is provided in place of the power supply control unit 31 shown in FIG. 3, and the M specific output ports of the power supply control unit 85 correspond to the corresponding controls of the transmission terminal stations 82-1 to 82-M, respectively. Connected to input.
The transmission terminal stations 82-1 to 82-M include elements in the baseband region, similarly to the reception terminal stations 81-1 to 81-M, based on the antenna weights individually given by the power feeding control unit 85. Transmission beam forming units 86-1 to 86-M that perform power feeding of 100-1 to 100-4 in parallel are provided.
[0087]
The operation of the fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.
The power feeding control unit 85 updates the above-described transmission beam forming every time the antenna weight given to the receiving terminal unit 81-c (hereinafter referred to as “reception weight” in the following modes (a) to (c)) is updated. An antenna weight (hereinafter referred to as “transmission weight”) is given to the unit 86-c in parallel.
[0088]
(a) A half-duplex wireless transmission path between the transmission end of the received wave or a full-duplex wireless transmission path based on the CDMA scheme in a common frequency band (including the case where the TDD scheme is applied) .)) Is to be formed, it gives a transmission weight equal to the reception weight described above.
(b) A full-duplex or half-duplex radio transmission path consisting of uplink and downlink links individually formed in different radio frequency bands is formed between the transmission end of the received wave. If so, a transmission weight generated by applying a correction suitable for the difference between these radio frequency bands to the reception weight is given.
[0089]
(c) When the positions of the transmitting end and the receiving end are different, the transmitting end described above in (a) and (b) above and the transmitting end and receiving for the elements 100-1 to 100-4 are used. A transmission weight generated by applying a correction suitable for the difference in azimuth angle from the end is given.
Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the present invention is not limited to a mere receiving station, but a wireless station that transmits and receives desired transmission information via the above-described half-duplex or full-duplex wireless transmission path. Also applies.
[0090]
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
This embodiment is composed of the following elements.
-Elements 100-1 to 100-4 constituting the array antenna described above
Receiving units 101-1 to 101-4 individually connected to the feeding points of these elements 100-1 to 100-4
A plurality of P receiving terminal units 91-1 to 91-P connected in parallel to all the outputs of the receiving units 101-1 to 101-4 and individually applying only the adaptive array receiving method; and multi-beam reception A plurality of Q receiving terminal stations 92-1 to 92-Q to which only the system is individually applied, and all channels that can be allocated to these receiving terminal stations 91-1 to 91-P and 92-1 to 92-Q Path detectors 93-1 to 93-k individually corresponding to
• Inputs individually connected to the outputs of these path detectors 93-1 to 93-k and all control inputs of the above-described receiving terminal stations 91-1 to 91-P and 92-1 to 92-Q Control unit 94 having individually connected outputs
The operation of the sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.
[0091]
The path detectors 93-1 to 93-k take in the received waves that have arrived at the elements 100-1 to 100-4 and are given through the receiving units 101-1 to 101-4, and all the channels described above. For each of the elements 100-1 to 100-4, individual paths corresponding to both the arrival direction and the time axis are detected in parallel.
The control unit 94 manages the above-described receiving terminal units 91-1 to 91-P and 92-1 to 92-Q as resources, and these receiving terminal units 91-1 to 91-P and 92-1. Of the ˜92-Q, it always knows the receiving terminal that is not assigned to any call or traffic.
[0092]
Furthermore, when a new path is detected by any of the path detectors 93-1 to 93-k, the control unit 94 performs the following processing.
(A) “Azimuth angle of corresponding path (arrival direction of received wave) θ” and phase (given as a value on the time axis described above) φ detected repeatedly by the corresponding path detector. Acquired over a predetermined period.
[0093]
(B) The obtained change rate Δθ of the azimuth angle θ and the average value Φ of the phase φ are calculated.
(C) It is determined whether or not the rate of change Δθ exceeds a prescribed threshold value. If the result of the determination is false, the receiving terminal units 91-1 to 91-1 to which only the adaptive array receiving method is applied. Of 91-P, an empty receiving terminal part (hereinafter referred to as “supplementary receiving terminal part”) is supplemented based on the above-described resource management procedure.
[0094]
(D) On the other hand, if the result of the determination described above is true, among the receiving terminal stations 92-1 to 92-Q to which only the multi-beam receiving method is applied, the supplementary receiving terminal station is used for the resource management described above. Supplement based on the procedure.
When such a supplementary receiving terminal portion is determined, the control unit 94 receives a receiving method (hereinafter referred to as “applied receiving method”) applied to the supplementary receiving terminal portion of the adaptive array receiving method and the multi-beam receiving method. ) And assigning the parameters listed below to the supplementary receiving terminal portion, the receiving terminal portion is assigned to the corresponding path (channel).
[0095]
A despread code having a phase corresponding to the corresponding path (channel) and uniquely determined according to the above average value Φ.
The main lobe of the array antenna corresponding to each of the elements 100-1 to 100-4 is formed in the “direction of the azimuth angle θ obtained during the above-described period”. Antenna weights W1 to W4 (provided that the applicable reception method is an applicable array reception method)
The latest value of the azimuth angle θ at the above-mentioned deadline (however, only when the applicable reception method is a multi-beam reception method)
On the other hand, the supplementary receiving terminal portion corresponding to one of the receiving terminal portions 91-1 to 91-P performs the despreading process based on the above-described despreading code, and the resulting four despread signals are processed. By applying the above-described antenna weights W1 to W4 as initial values of antenna weights to be multiplied, such antenna weights are sequentially updated based on a predetermined adaptive algorithm.
[0096]
Further, in the supplementary receiving terminal portion corresponding to any of the receiving terminal portions 92-1 to 92-Q, the antenna to be multiplied by the four despread signals obtained as a result of performing the above-described despreading processing in the same manner. For the weights, the antenna weights w1 to w4 in which the main lobes described above are formed in the direction indicated by the azimuth closest to the “latest value of the azimuth angle θ” described above are specified and applied.
[0097]
Further, as described above, the control unit 94 performs the following processing for any path (channel) to which some supplementary receiving terminal is allocated.
-Unless the corresponding path (channel) disappears, the azimuth angle θ and the phase φ repeatedly detected by the corresponding path detector are monitored, and the rate of change Δθ of the azimuth angle θ exceeds the above-described threshold. The determination whether or not is repeated is repeated at a predetermined frequency.
[0098]
・ For each path (channel), the time point at which the result of such discrimination is reversed is monitored, and each time such a time point is detected, the process (C) or (D) described above is detected. One corresponding to the result of the reverse rotation is appropriately performed.
That is, a received wave that arrives at any of the radio channels at elements 100-1 to 100-4 is either an adaptive array reception system or a multi-beam reception system depending on the rate of change of the arrival angle of the received wave. The receiving terminal portion adapted to only one is appropriately allocated, and is accurately and stably demodulated while the pawl is set to increase the processing amount required to maintain the appropriate directivity of the antenna system.
[0099]
Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the number of radio channels to be formed in parallel via the elements 100-1 to 100-4, or secured in parallel via these elements 100-1 to 100-4. The average value of the channel capacity of the radio channel to be performed is large, and the numbers P and Q of the receiving terminal stations 91-1 to 91-P and 92-1 to 92-Q to be mounted based on such an average value are As long as it is given appropriately in advance, existing or standard receiving terminal localities that can be applied only to either the adaptive array reception method or the multi-beam reception method can be used effectively, and the flexibility of expansion can be improved. In addition, the cost required for the expansion can be reduced.
[0100]
In each of the above-described embodiments, each reception terminal station (transmission terminal station) is adapted to both or only one of the adaptive array reception system and the multi-beam reception system.
However, according to the present invention, for example, each of three or more reception schemes (an “adaptive array reception scheme” does not necessarily have to be included) having different processing amounts and other attributes required for beam formation and maintenance. If the application and switching of a receiving method having an attribute that matches the rate of change of the direction of arrival of a received wave that has arrived via a channel can be achieved with high accuracy and efficiency, an adaptive null steering array antenna, a time modulation array, etc. The present invention can be applied to any combination of receiving systems to which an antenna, a switching array antenna, a nonlinear processing array antenna, a synthetic aperture array antenna, or the like is applied (the above-described “beam steering receiving system” may be included).
[0101]
In each of the above-described embodiments, the present invention is applied to a radio base station of a mobile communication system to which the CDMA system is applied.
However, the present invention does not matter whether or not such a multiple access scheme is used, as long as an appropriate beam is formed and maintained in parallel for each channel via elements 100-1 to 100-4. The present invention is applicable to various wireless stations including mobile communication systems.
[0102]
Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, the azimuth angle θ described above is obtained based on AOA (Angle of arrival), or “the speed of the transmitting end given as a converted value of the fading frequency associated with the received wave” and “ It is calculated as a ratio to “the length of the propagation path formed between the transmission end”.
However, such an azimuth angle θ is obtained under load distribution or function distribution according to any form of the transmission end and the reception end, or is a predetermined value applied to one of these transmission end and reception end. It may be determined autonomously under navigation (not only radio navigation but also self-contained navigation or any other navigation).
[0103]
In each of the above-described embodiments, the present invention is applied only to the reception system or both the reception system and the transmission system.
However, the present invention is not limited to such a configuration, and may be applied only to the transmission system.
Furthermore, in each of the above-described embodiments, both the criteria for selecting the reception method to be applied and the trigger are given based only on the magnitude relationship between the above-described change rate Δθ of the azimuth angle θ and the specified threshold value. Yes.
[0104]
However, the criteria and triggers for selecting these reception methods are not limited to the above-described magnitude relationship, and may be flexibly given based on, for example, all or part of the following.
・ Attributes of the sending end and / or receiving end
-Switching schemes to be applied to traffic to be transmitted through individual channels (for example, adaptive array reception schemes are applied in the case of circuit switching schemes, and multi-beam reception schemes in the case of packet switching schemes). May apply.)
-All or part of the service class, service quality, and transmission quality to be guaranteed for individual traffic (for example, an adaptive array reception scheme may be applied only when high transmission quality is required).
-Events (congestion, faults, etc.) and states (may be included) identified based on all or part of communication procedures, channel control, communication control (call setup) applied to individual traffic. (It may include the traffic distribution and the number of terminals in the wireless zone.)
In addition, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various embodiments can be made within the scope of the present invention, and any improvement is applied to some or all of the individuality elements. Also good.
[0105]
Hereinafter, the techniques described in the above-described embodiments are arranged hierarchically and multifacetedly and listed as additional notes.
(Additional remark 1) The feed system which has an attribute suitable for the state identified by the system | strain including the array antenna 10 among the several feed systems which have a different attribute and can be applied to the feed of the array antenna 10 is selected. Single or plural power supply method selection means 11-1 to 11-N;
A single or a plurality of elements 10E-1 to 10E-n constituting the array antenna 10 are fed based on the feeding system selected by the single or plural feeding system selection units 11-1 to 11-N. A plurality of power feeding means 12-1 to 12-N;
A power supply circuit comprising:
[0106]
(Supplementary Note 2) Select a feeding method having different attributes and having an attribute suitable for the state identified by the system including the array antenna 10 from among a plurality of feeding methods that can be applied to the feeding of the array antenna 10 Single or plural power supply method selection means 11-1 to 11-N;
For each of the plurality of power feeding methods, the maximum number that can be selected in parallel by the single or plural power feeding method selection units 11-1 to 11-N is provided, and the array is based on the corresponding power feeding method. A plurality of power feeding means 21-1 to 21-P for feeding power to a plurality of elements 10E-1 to 10E-n constituting the antenna 10,
Each time a single power supply method is selected by the single or plural power supply method selection units 11-1 to 11-N, the plurality of power supply units 21-1 to 21-21 are connected to the traffic whose state is identified. Allocating means 22 for allocating power supply means for performing the power supply based on this power supply method among -P
A power supply circuit comprising:
[0107]
(Appendix 3) In the power feeding circuit described in Appendix 1 or Appendix 2,
The single or plural power supply method selection means 11-1 to 11-N are:
A power supply that individually corresponds to radio transmission paths formed in parallel based on the multiple access method via the array antenna 10 and has an attribute adapted to the state identified in the course of processing related to these radio transmission paths Select a method,
The single or plural power feeding means 12-1 to 12-N, 21-1 to 21-P are:
The plurality of elements 10E-1 to 10E-n are fed in a baseband region or an intermediate frequency region individually corresponding to the wireless transmission path.
A power supply circuit characterized by that.
[0108]
(Appendix 4) In the power feeding circuit according to any one of appendices 1 to 3,
The single or plural power supply method selection means 11-1 to 11-N are:
A feeding method corresponding to each finger detected in the process of RAKE reception via the array antenna 10 and having an attribute adapted to the state identified in the individual processing process related to these fingers is selected in parallel. Configured as a collection of submodules,
The single or plural power feeding means 12-1 to 12-N, 21-1 to 21-P are:
Based on the power supply method individually selected by the submodule, the plurality of elements 10E-1 to 10E-n are supplied in parallel in the baseband region or the intermediate frequency region for each finger.
A power supply circuit characterized by that.
[0109]
(Supplementary note 5) In the power feeding circuit according to any one of supplementary notes 1 to 3,
The single or plural power supply method selection means 11-1 to 11-N are:
A power supply having attributes that correspond to individual radio transmission paths formed in parallel based on RAKE reception via the array antenna 10 and that are adapted to the state identified in the course of individual processing related to these radio transmission paths It is configured as a set of submodules that select methods in parallel,
The single or plural power feeding means 12-1 to 12-N, 21-1 to 21-P are:
The plurality of elements 10E-1 to 10E-n are fed in parallel in a baseband region or an intermediate frequency region individually corresponding to the wireless transmission path.
A power supply circuit characterized by that.
[0110]
(Supplementary note 6) In the power feeding circuit according to any one of supplementary notes 1 to 5,
A plurality of feeding methods that can be applied to feeding the array antenna 10 include:
Including a specific feeding scheme in which the characteristics of the feeding paths of the plurality of elements 10E-1 to 10E-n are set and updated based on an adaptive algorithm;
All or part of the single or plural power feeding means 12-1 to 12-N, 21-1 to 21-P
When power supply of the plurality of elements 10E-1 to 10E-n is started based on the specific power supply method, the power supply path is individually set in advance based on a power supply method other than the specific power supply method. Apply the properties that were set as initial conditions of the adaptive algorithm
A power supply circuit characterized by that.
[0111]
(Supplementary note 7) In the power feeding circuit according to any one of supplementary notes 1 to 6,
The single or plural power feeding means 12-1 to 12-N, 21-1 to 21-P are:
Based on the power supply method individually selected by the single or plural power supply method selection units 11-1 to 11-N, the array antenna 10 is shared for both transmission and reception, and the transmission end and the reception end And individually match the distance and direction of the transmission line and all or part of the band of the wireless transmission path formed between the transmitting end and the receiving end.
A power supply circuit characterized by that.
[0112]
(Appendix 8) In the power feeding circuit according to any one of appendices 1 to 7,
The single or plural power supply method selection means 11-1 to 11-N are:
For each received wave arriving at the array antenna 10, the azimuth angle arriving at the array antenna 10 is obtained. The larger the change rate of the azimuth angle, the more the plurality of elements 10E-1 Select a power supply method that requires less processing for setting and updating the characteristics of the 10E-n power supply path
A power supply circuit characterized by that.
[0113]
(Supplementary note 9) In the power feeding circuit according to supplementary note 8,
The single or plural power supply method selection means 11-1 to 11-N are:
The azimuth angle is obtained as a converted value of the ratio between the fading frequency attached to each received wave and the relative distance of the transmitting end with respect to the array antenna 10.
A power supply circuit characterized by that.
[0114]
(Supplementary Note 10) In the power feeding circuit according to Supplementary Note 9,
Either or both of the fading frequency and the relative distance are:
Normalized as a ratio or difference to a specified standard value
A power supply circuit characterized by that.
(Additional remark 11) In the electric power feeding circuit of Additional remark 10,
The single or plural power supply method selection means 11-1 to 11-N are:
The azimuth angle is determined based on the result of the positioning of the transmitting end that is performed in cooperation with either the system provided with the array antenna 10 and the transmitting end of the individual received waves, or one of which is autonomous. Ask
A power supply circuit characterized by that.
[0115]
(Supplementary note 12) In the power feeding circuit according to any one of supplementary notes 1 to 11,
The single or plural power supply method selection means 11-1 to 11-N are:
For each traffic that is the target of processing for which the state has been identified, the attributes of the transmission end and / or reception end of the plurality of power supply methods, the exchange method to be applied, and the communication procedure Apply a power supply method that conforms to all or part of it
A power supply circuit characterized by that.
[0116]
(Supplementary note 13) In the power feeding circuit according to any one of supplementary notes 1 to 12,
The state is
It is identified on the basis of all or part of the procedures of channel control related to the formation of wireless transmission paths via the array antenna 10, communication control related to traffic to be transmitted via these wireless transmission paths, and call processing. Ru
A power supply circuit characterized by that.
[0117]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the first aspect of the present invention, the deterioration in transmission quality and service quality due to the applied power feeding method being inappropriate is highly accurate and can be stably avoided.
Further, in the invention described in claim 2, it is possible to effectively utilize existing or standard power supply means individually adapted to only a prescribed single power supply method, and to ensure flexibility for expansion. Therefore, the cost required for the expansion can be reduced.
[0118]
Furthermore, in the invention described in claim 3, by sharing the array antenna based on the multiple access method, a plurality of wireless transmission paths can be formed at low cost and with high transmission quality. Claims 1 to 3 In the invention described in the above, when any power feeding method is applied, no pausing is set for an increase in the processing amount required to set or update the antenna weight based on the power feeding method. In comparison, the transmission quality is stably and satisfactorily maintained.
[0119]
And claims 4 In the invention described in (1), the flexibility of the configuration of the wireless transmission system formed via the array antenna and the improvement of the added value of the wireless transmission system is ensured. In the invention of the first subordinate concept of the invention described in claims 1 to 3, the received wave is essentially both a main lobe and a side lobe as in a mobile communication system in which a microcell is formed. Even in a radio transmission system that arrives via a radio, an array antenna is shared by a desired number of channels, and RAKE combining is performed stably in parallel for any channel.
[0120]
Further, in the invention of the second subordinate concept of the invention described in claims 1 to 3, the overall processing is compared with the case where the processing related to the setting and updating of the antenna weight is performed in parallel for each finger. Reduction of the amount and / or simplification of the configuration are achieved, and the array antenna is shared by a desired number of channels, and RAKE combining is stably performed in parallel for any of the channels.
[0121]
In the first invention related to the invention described in claims 1 to 3, various adaptive algorithms can be applied regardless of the inherent convergence speed.
Furthermore, in the second invention related to the invention according to claims 1 to 3, the array antenna has a plurality of radio channels to be formed in parallel via the array antenna. It is shared for all transmissions and receptions of these radio channels without complicating the configuration.
[0122]
Claims 1 to 3 In the invention of the subordinate concept of the invention described in, the surplus processing amount and other resources of the radio station to which the present invention should be applied are effectively used, and the transmission quality is stably maintained high. And claims 1 to 3 In the first invention related to the invention described in (1), it is possible to further reduce the processing amount required for feeding the array antenna.
[0123]
Claims 1 to 3 In the second invention related to the invention described in the above, in the system provided with the array antenna 10 and the transmitting end described above, the azimuth is complicated by the effective use of existing resources. Therefore, high accuracy is obtained with desired accuracy. Further claims 1 to 3 In the invention related to the invention described in (1), the power supply of the array antenna is performed in parallel on the basis of the power supply method in conformity with the traffic to be transmitted through the wireless channel for any wireless channel.
[0124]
Therefore, in the wireless transmission system to which these inventions are applied, flexibility is ensured for all of the various configurations of the wireless transmission system, the form of service to be provided, and the procedures of maintenance and operation. Reliability and price-performance ratio are increased.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a first principle block diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a second principle block diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing first and fourth embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another configuration of the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration of an angular velocity evaluation table.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a first configuration example of a reception system of a radio base station to which CDMA is applied and provided with an array antenna.
FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a second configuration example of a reception system of a radio base station to which CDMA is applied and an array antenna is provided.
FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a third configuration example of a reception system of a radio base station to which CDMA is applied and an array antenna is provided.
[Explanation of symbols]
10 Array antenna
10E, 100 elements
11 Power supply method selection means
12, 21 Power supply means
22 Allocation means
30, 40, 50, 60, 81, 91, 92, 102, 120, 130 Reception terminal
31, 85 Power supply control unit
32,108 selector
33 Direction of Arrival Estimator
34, 42 Angular velocity estimator
41 Fading frequency estimation unit
43 Angular velocity evaluation table
51, 93 path detector
52, 61 Finger counterpart
53, 63 Adder
64, 109, 111 multiplier
80 Circulator
82 Transmitting terminal
83 Multiplexer
84 Transmitter
94 Control unit
101 Receiver
103 Despreading section
104 Path detector
105 Adaptive control unit
106 Reception beam forming means
107 Demodulator
110 Channel estimation unit
112 Signal determination unit
121 Antenna weight selector
122 SIR measurement unit
131 Antenna weight calculator
132 Arrival Direction Estimator

Claims (4)

Single or multiple feeds that select different feed schemes that have different attributes and that can be applied to the feed of the array antenna and that have attributes adapted to the state identified by the system that includes the array antenna A power supply circuit comprising: a method selection unit; and a single or a plurality of power supply units that supply power to a plurality of elements constituting the array antenna based on the power supply method selected by the single or plural power supply method selection units. The single or plural feeding method selection means obtains an azimuth angle arriving at the array antenna for each received wave arriving at the array antenna, and the larger the change rate of the azimuth angle, The power feeding system is characterized by selecting a power feeding system that requires less processing amount for setting and updating the characteristics of the power feeding paths of the plurality of elements. . Single or multiple feeds that select different feed schemes that have different attributes and that can be applied to the feed of the array antenna and that have attributes adapted to the state identified by the system that includes the array antenna The array antenna is provided for each of the plurality of power feeding systems, the maximum number of which can be selected in parallel by the single or plural power feeding system selecting means, and based on the corresponding power feeding system. Each time a certain power supply method is selected by a plurality of power supply units that supply power to a plurality of constituent elements and the single or plurality of power supply method selection units, the traffic A power supply circuit including an allocating means for allocating the power supply means for performing the power supply based on the power supply method, The number of feeding method selection means obtains the azimuth angle arriving at the array antenna for each received wave arriving at the array antenna, and the larger the change rate of the azimuth angle, A power supply circuit that selects a power supply method that requires less processing amount for setting and updating the characteristics of power supply paths of a plurality of elements. 3. The power feeding circuit according to claim 1, wherein the single or plural power feeding method selection units are individually connected to radio transmission paths formed in parallel based on a multiple access method via the array antenna. And a power supply method having an attribute suitable for the state identified in the process related to these wireless transmission paths is selected, and the single or plural power supply means are based on bases individually corresponding to the wireless transmission paths. A power feeding circuit that feeds power to the plurality of elements in a band region or an intermediate frequency region. 4. The power feeding circuit according to claim 1, wherein the state is transmitted through channel control related to formation of a wireless transmission path via the array antenna and these wireless transmission paths. 5. A power supply circuit characterized by being identified on the basis of all or a part of a procedure of communication control and call processing relating to power traffic.

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