JP4023568B2 - One-way clutch built-in reducer - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a reduction gear incorporating a one-way clutch.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in a combined testing machine capable of performing both a brake test and a speedometer test of an automobile used in a car inspection station or the like, for example, as described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 49-7988 A reduction gear and a one-way clutch are used in combination.
[0003]
FIG. 5 is a plan view of a brake test and speedometer test combined test machine described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 49-7988. The test machine AI includes a pair of left and right speed reducers A2. An active roller A5 is connected to each rotary shaft A3 via a one-way clutch A4.
[0004]
Also, a pair of idler rollers A6 are provided in parallel with the respective active rollers A5, and a generator A7 to which a power generation voltage indicating device is connected is connected to one of them.
[0005]
The left and right idle rollers A6 can be connected and separated by an electromagnetic clutch A8.
[0006]
When a vehicle brake test is performed by the test machine, the left and right wheels of the vehicle to be tested are placed on the left and right active rollers A5 and the idler roller A6, and the rotating shaft A3 is decelerated while the electromagnetic clutch A8 is disconnected. Driven from the machine A2 side, the active roller A5 is rotated through the one-way clutch A4.
[0007]
If it does so, the wheel of a motor vehicle will be rotated by active roller A5, and if the brake of a motor vehicle is operated in this state, the resistance torque will be measured with the power measuring device provided in reduction gear A2.
[0008]
It is tested whether or not an appropriate brake force is obtained by measuring the resistance torque for each of the left and right wheels.
[0009]
When performing a speedometer test of an automobile, the left and right drive wheels of the automobile to be tested are placed on the left and right active rollers A5 and idler roller A6, and the engine is started to rotate the left and right drive wheels.
[0010]
As a result, the active roller A5 and the idle roller A6 indicating the respective drive wheels are rotated by the drive wheels of the automobile. In the case of the speedometer test, the electromagnetic clutch A8 is connected so that the vehicle differential does not operate.
[0011]
The rotation of the idle roller A6 is transmitted to the generator A7, and a voltage corresponding to the rotational speed of the driving wheel is displayed on the power generation voltage indicating device connected thereto, and the displayed value and the value displayed on the speedometer. Is tested to see if the speedometer displays the proper value.
[0012]
At this time, since the one-way clutch A4 is idled and the rotation is not transmitted from the active roller A5 to the rotating shaft A3 side, the rotation resistance acting on the driving wheel of the automobile from the active roller A6 side is small and can be rotated at high speed. it can.
[0013]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional test machine for both the brake test and the speedometer test as described above, the reduction gear and the one-way clutch are configured as separate units. The number of assembly steps is large, and a large installation space is required for the drive system for rotating the active roller.
[0014]
On the other hand, a reduction gear having a one-way clutch built in a gear case has also been manufactured. FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view showing the structure of a conventional one-way clutch built-in speed reducer. The one-way clutch built-in speed reducer BI is inserted into the gear case B2 from the outside and is rotatably supported by a bearing B3. The inner ring B6 of the one-way clutch B5 is externally fitted and keyed to the driven shaft B4, and the final reduction stage worm wheel B8 is externally fitted and keyed to the outer circumference of the outer ring B7. The worm wheel B8 meshes with a worm (not shown), and the worm is further connected to the shaft of the motor via a plurality of gears.
[0015]
If such a one-way clutch built-in speed reducer BI is used in the test machine as shown in FIG. 5 described above, it is considered that the installation space of the drive system for rotating the wheels of the automobile can be reduced.
[0016]
However, in this case, the driven shaft B4 of the reduction gear BI with a built-in one-way clutch is an active roller shaft that rotates by placing a wheel of an automobile, so when assembling the driven shaft B4, With the gear case B2 disassembled, the shaft end of the driven shaft B4 is inserted into the gear case B2, and after the one-way clutch B4 with the worm wheel B8 mounted on the outer ring B6 is mounted on the driven shaft B4 together with the bearing B3, the gear case B2 is mounted. Even if such a one-way clutch built-in speed reducer BI is used, the number of man-hours for assembling the tester is not reduced, and the assembly work is complicated because the gear case is assembled on site. There was a problem.
[0017]
Therefore, the present invention solves the problems of the prior art as described above, has a small number of parts, can be easily assembled and adjusted, and can reduce the size of the speed reducer. One-way clutch built-in speed reducer that allows the driven shaft to be assembled from either direction of the output shaft with both ends exposed to the outside of the gear case without disassembling the driven shaft. The purpose is to provide.
[0018]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a one-way clutch built-in speed reducer according to the present invention is rotatably supported by a gear case so that both ends thereof are exposed to the outside of the gear case and the driven shaft is not disassembled. A hollow output shaft having a shaft hole that is coaxially inserted from one of the ends and rotated integrally therewith, and an inner ring that is provided on the outer periphery of the output shaft and rotates integrally with the output shaft And an outer ring that is concentrically disposed outside the inner ring and rotatably supports the output shaft, and is interposed between opposed surfaces of the inner ring and the outer ring, and is relatively unidirectional between the inner ring and the outer ring. A clutch member that transmits only rotation and a gear of a final reduction gear that is coaxial with the output shaft and rotates integrally with the outer ring, and the gear of the final reduction gear is a worm wheel.
[0019]
[Action]
The one-way clutch built-in speed reducer according to the present invention is configured such that when a driven shaft fitted into an end of an output shaft is rotationally driven by a rotational drive source such as a motor connected to the input side, the rotational drive source The rotation of is reduced in the reduction gear and transmitted to the gear of the final reduction stage, which is a worm wheel, and the outer ring is also rotated integrally with the gear of the final reduction stage, which is a worm wheel.
[0020]
The rotation of the outer ring is transmitted from the inner ring to the output shaft via a clutch member made of a cam or the like, that is, the output shaft rotates integrally with the inner ring, and as a result, the output shaft is a final reduction gear stage that is a worm wheel. The driven shaft connected to the output shaft is driven to rotate.
[0021]
On the other hand, when the driven shaft is rotated from the drive source side in the same direction as the rotational direction that is rotationally driven via the one-way clutch built-in speed reducer of the present invention while the drive source is stopped, the inner ring and the outer ring Since the clutch member interposed between the inner ring and the outer ring does not transmit a rotational force and can freely rotate between the inner ring and the outer ring, the inner ring and the output shaft rotate together. The rotation of the driven shaft is not transmitted to the drive source side via the gear of the final reduction stage which is a worm wheel, and the driven shaft can be freely rotated.
[0022]
【Example】
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of a reduction gear with a built-in one-way clutch according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the cross section taken along the line AA in FIG. is there.
As shown in these drawings, the one-way clutch built-in speed reducer 1 (hereinafter simply referred to as a speed reducer) has a gear case 3 to which a motor 2 is connected.
[0023]
A pinion 2B is formed on the outer periphery of the front end of the rotating shaft 2A of the motor 2, and this pinion 2B is one end of a worm shaft 5 that is rotatably supported by bearings 4A and 4B in the gear case 3. Is engaged with a helical gear 6 provided in
[0024]
A worm 7 is integrally formed on the outer periphery of the central portion of the worm shaft 5, and the worm 7 meshes with a worm wheel 8 used as a gear for the final reduction stage.
[0025]
The worm wheel 8 is rotatably supported on the gear case 3 by a pair of bearings 9 </ b> A and 9 </ b> B, and is arranged concentrically on the output shaft 10 whose both ends are exposed to the outside of the gear case 3.
The center hole 8A of the worm wheel 8 is fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 11A of the one-way clutch 11 provided on the outer periphery of the output shaft 10, and is prevented from rotating on the outer ring 11A by the key 12. It is fixed.
[0026]
In this embodiment, the one-way clutch 11 is integrated with the output shaft 10, has no independent inner ring, the output shaft central portion 10 </ b> A is also used as the inner ring, and is externally fitted on both sides of the output shaft central portion 10 </ b> A. An outer ring 11A is rotatably supported on the output shaft 10 by a pair of bearings 11B and 11C.
[0027]
Further, a clutch member 11D is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the output shaft central portion 10A and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 11A.
[0028]
The one-way clutch 11 used in the present embodiment is of a cam clutch type, and the clutch member 11D has a number of hook-shaped cams and functions of the inner ring and the inner ring of the outer ring 11A. It is comprised with the spring member for making it contact | abut to the outer peripheral surface of 10 A of output-shaft center parts which satisfy | fill.
[0029]
The output shaft 10 is formed in a hollow shape with a shaft hole 10B passing through the center, and the driven shaft 14 is inserted from one end of the shaft hole 10B exposed to the outside of the gear case 3. The key 13 is detachably connected so as to rotate integrally with the output shaft 10.
[0030]
Note that the tip end portion of the driven shaft 14 that is inserted into the shaft hole 10B of the output shaft 10 is thinner than the original portion, and the stepped portion a is brought into contact with the end surface of the output shaft 10. Thus, the axial positioning between the output shaft 10 and the driven shaft 14 is performed.
[0031]
Next, the operation of the speed reducer 1 configured as described above will be described.
First, when the driven shaft 14 is driven from the motor 2 side, when the rotary shaft 2A of the motor 2 is rotationally driven, the rotation is decelerated and transmitted from the pinion 2B to the helical gear 6, and the helical gear 6 is provided. The worm shaft 5 is rotated.
[0032]
The rotation of the worm shaft 5 is greatly decelerated and transmitted from the worm 7 to the worm wheel 8 as the final reduction gear meshing with the worm 7, and the outer ring 11A of the one-way clutch 11 is rotated.
[0033]
At this time, the rotation direction of the outer ring 11A is set so that the clutch member 11D prevents relative rotation between the outer ring 11A and the output shaft 10, and the output shaft 10 rotates integrally with the outer ring 11A and finally. The rotation of the rotating shaft 2 </ b> A of the motor 2 is transmitted to the driven shaft 14 connected to the output shaft 10 with a key 13 at a reduced speed.
[0034]
Next, when the motor 2 is stopped, if the rotational force is applied to the driven shaft 14 from the outside in the same direction as the rotational direction, the output shaft 10 rotates together with the driven shaft 14.
[0035]
In this case, the clutch member 11D of the one-way clutch 11 allows relative rotation between the output shaft 10 and the outer ring 11A. Therefore, only the driven shaft 14 and the output shaft 10 are idle while the outer ring 11A is stopped.
[0036]
In the reduction mechanism that sequentially reduces and transmits rotation from the input side to the gear of the final reduction stage, which is a worm wheel supported on the output shaft via a one-way clutch, meshes with the gear of the final reduction stage, which is a worm wheel. Each speed reduction mechanism other than the worm shaft is not limited to that of the above-described embodiment, and various types of gears can be appropriately combined.
[0037]
In the above-described embodiment, both ends of the output shaft are exposed to the outside of the gear case, and the driven shaft can be inserted into the shaft hole of the output shaft from either the left or right direction of the gear case. .
[0038]
In the above-described embodiment, the cam clutch type one-way clutch is used. However, a roller is provided between the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring and the outer peripheral surface of the central portion of the output shaft where the facing distance changes like a wedge in the circumferential direction. A roller clutch type intervening as a clutch member, or a ratchet tooth formed on one of the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring or the outer peripheral surface of the center portion of the output shaft and the ratchet pawl engaging with the ratchet tooth on the other is swung as a clutch member You may comprise the ratchet type thing supported freely.
[0039]
Further, in the embodiment, in order to reduce the number of parts and assembly man-hours of the reduction gear, the inner ring of the one-way clutch is also used as the output shaft, but the inner ring is configured as a separate unit from the output shaft. A one-way clutch may be incorporated between the final reduction gear, which is a worm wheel, and the output shaft.
[0040]
Also, the inner ring of the one-way clutch is also used as the output shaft, and the boss part of the final reduction gear, which is the worm wheel, is also used as the outer ring, so that the three parts of the final reduction gear, the one-way clutch, and the output shaft are used. By configuring as a single unit, the number of parts of the speed reducer can be further reduced, and assembly and adjustment can be facilitated.
[0041]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the reduction mechanism with a built-in one-way clutch of the present invention, since the one-way clutch is incorporated between the gear of the final reduction stage, which is a worm wheel, and the output shaft, the number of parts is reduced. Assembling and adjustment can be easily performed, and the size of the reduction gear can be reduced.
The gear case is disassembled by forming a shaft hole penetrating both ends of the hollow output shaft and inserting the driven shaft into the shaft hole coaxially from one end. Since the driven shaft can be assembled from both ends of the output shaft with both ends exposed to the outside of the gear case, the driven shaft can be easily assembled.
[0042]
As a result, especially when used in devices that include both a reduction gear and a one-way clutch in the power transmission system, such as a combined testing machine that can perform both the brake test and speedometer test of an automobile. The installation area of the drive unit can be reduced, and the assembly work of the device at the site can be performed quickly and easily.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a speed reducer with a built-in one-way clutch of the present invention.
2 is a partial cross-sectional view seen in the direction of the arrow at the position of the line AA in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a conventional tester for both a brake test and a speedometer test using a combination of a one-way clutch and a speed reducer.
FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view showing an example of a conventional one-way clutch built-in speed reducer.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... Reduction gear (one-way clutch built-in reduction gear)
2 ... Motor 2A ... Rotary shaft 2B ... Pinion 3 ... Gear case 4A, 4B ... Bearing 5 ... Worm shaft 6 ... Helical gear 7 ... Worm 8 ... Worm wheel (Gear of the final reduction stage)
8A ... Center hole 9A, 9B ... Bearing 10 ... Output shaft 10A ... Output shaft center part 10B ... Shaft hole 11 ... One-way clutch 11A ... Outer ring 11B, 11C ... · Bearing 11D · · · clutch member 12, 13 · · · key 14 · · · driven shaft

Claims (1)

A shaft hole is rotatably supported by the gear case so that both ends thereof are exposed to the outside of the gear case, and the driven shaft is coaxially inserted from either one end without disassembling the gear case to rotate integrally. A hollow output shaft penetrating and opening;
An inner ring provided on the outer periphery of the output shaft and rotating integrally with the output shaft;
An outer ring that is concentrically disposed on the outer side of the inner ring and rotatably supports the output shaft.
A clutch member that is interposed between opposing surfaces of the inner ring and the outer ring and transmits only a relative rotation in one direction between the inner ring and the outer ring;
A final reduction gear that is coaxial with the output shaft and rotates integrally with the outer ring, and
The one-way clutch built-in speed reducer, wherein the final reduction gear is a worm wheel.

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