JP4020496B2 - Eccentric multi-axis excavator - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an eccentric multi-axis excavator capable of excavating and constructing tunnels having any cross-sectional shape.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Since conventional tunnel excavators can only excavate only tunnels with a circular cross section that are wasteful in height and width in principle, when constructing new tunnels in underground spaces with many restrictions such as under urban roads, etc. In many cases, it was difficult to effectively use the excavation itself or its underground space.
[0003]
Therefore, recently, a new tunnel excavation method called so-called arbitrary section tunnel method and an eccentric multi-axis excavator for realizing the method have been proposed. It is possible to excavate and construct an efficient tunnel having an arbitrary cross-sectional shape with respect to space, and its application is also planned.
[0004]
The eccentric multi-axis excavator includes a small cutter frame 2 similar to the excavator frame 1 on the front surface of the excavator frame 1 having a rectangular cross section, for example, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. The cutter support beam 3 of the cutter frame 2 is eccentrically connected to a cutter drive shaft 5 via a rotor 4 and connected in a crank shape. The rotor 4 is rotated around the cutter drive shaft 5, As shown in FIGS. 8 (a) to (d), a tunnel having a cross-sectional shape substantially similar to the excavator frame 1 (rectangular shape) by rotating the cutter frame 2 in the radial direction of the excavator frame 1 in a parallel link manner. Is to be excavated and constructed.
[0005]
Accordingly, by using the cutter frame 2 similar in shape to the cross-sectional shape of the excavator frame 1 of this eccentric multi-axis excavator, for example, an elliptical cross-section, an arc-shaped rectangular cross-section, a horseshoe shape Tunnels with all cross-sectional shapes such as cross sections and circular cross sections with protrusions can be easily excavated and constructed.
[0006]
The eccentric multi-axis excavator can excavate and construct a tunnel having an arbitrary cross-sectional shape, and (1) all cutter bits 6 provided on the cutter frame 2 can draw independent and identical circular trajectories. As shown in FIG. 9, the cutter bits 6 have uniform wear, and (2) the rotational radius of each cutter bit 6 is small, so that the rotational torque can be reduced. Even when applied to the excavator frame 1 having a circular cross section similar to the conventional one, an excellent effect can be exhibited.
[0007]
6 and 7, 7 is a bulkhead that is a partition wall that partitions the front end of the excavator frame 1, 8 is a cutter drive motor that drives each cutter drive shaft 5, and 9 is a screw conveyor that takes out excavated earth and sand, Reference numeral 10 denotes an erector for assembling the segment s.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, even in the case of the above-described eccentric multi-axis excavator, when an excavation is performed by curving a natural ground as in the conventional case, an excavation mechanism for excavating the inner peripheral side of the curve is proposed. (JP-A-8-144690, JP-A-9-158676, etc.).
[0009]
However, in these conventional surplus digging mechanisms, the entire perimeter frame 2a constituting a part of the perimeter of the cutter frame 2 is projected outwardly in the radial direction as shown in FIG. For this reason, there is a risk that excavation in front of the traveling direction that should originally be excavated may not be performed satisfactorily.
[0010]
That is, during normal excavation, the cutter bits 6, 6... Are arranged at predetermined intervals on the cutter frame 2 as shown in FIG. However, when excavating, as shown in FIG. 10, the entire frame 2a moves radially outward together with the cutter bit 6 provided in that portion, so that the cutter bit at the position where it is originally located This causes a disadvantage that the excavation capability of the front portion is lowered because the cutter bit 6 of that portion is lost and the cutter bit 6 is insufficient.
[0011]
Further, in the surplus digging mechanism as shown in the figure, since the surplus digging range is limited to the protruding direction of the outer peripheral frame 2a, ideally perform the surplus digging in a range where the outer peripheral frame 2a does not reach, for example, an oblique direction. It is difficult to have a negative impact on surrounding mountains.
[0012]
Therefore, the present invention has been devised to effectively solve such problems, and its purpose is to ideally excavate an arbitrary range without reducing the excavation ability of the front portion. It is intended to provide a novel eccentric multi-axis excavator.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides an eccentric multi-axis excavator provided with a cutter frame that rotates in a parallel link in the radial direction to excavate a ground in front of the excavator frame at the tip. A plurality of outer peripheral frames are provided radially on the outer edge of the cutter frame, a plurality of cutter bits are provided on the front surface of the outer peripheral frame in the direction of digging, and a movable bit for extra digging is provided at the radially outer tip of each outer peripheral frame. It is provided so as to be able to appear and disappear in the radial direction via the .
[0014]
Therefore, according to the configuration of the present invention, only the jack with the movable bit located in the excessive excavation range at the same time as the excavation of the front portion by the cutter frame is protruded outward in the radial direction, thereby reducing the excavation ability for the natural ground in the excavation direction. In addition, it is possible to ideally excavate an arbitrary range without excessive excavation.
[0015]
The second invention divides each of the hydraulic jacks into a group of four or more blocks from the center of the excavator frame, while the number of divided hydraulic hoses is divided into the cutter frame from the excavator frame side. The hydraulic hoses are stretched and divided into groups, and the hydraulic hoses are branched and connected to the hydraulic jacks .
[0016]
In other words, when a hydraulic jack that provides stable operation is used as the jack and the number of installed jacks is large, the number of hydraulic hoses that supply the hydraulic oil of each hydraulic jack, actuators that generate hydraulic pressure, and the like increase. However, routing and hydraulic control become complicated. However, if these hydraulic jacks are controlled in units of two or more adjacent groups, the number of installed hydraulic hoses, actuators, etc. will be reduced. Control is also easy.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, a preferred embodiment for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0018]
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a multi-axis eccentric excavator according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, 2 is a circular cutter frame provided at the tip of an excavator frame 1 having a circular cross section, and 7 is this A bulkhead 9, which is a partition wall located parallel to the rear of the cutter frame 2, is a screw conveyor for carrying out the earth and sand excavated by the cutter frame 2.
[0019]
As shown in the figure, the cutter frame 2 includes an annular ring frame 11 that forms an outer periphery of the cutter frame 2 and a beam-like support frame that extends across the inner side to reinforce the ring frame 11. 12 and T-shaped outer peripheral frames 13, 13... Provided in a plurality of radial and equally spaced positions on the outer periphery of the ring frame 11.
[0020]
A plurality of cutter bits 6 are arranged in front of the ring frame 11, the support frame 12, the outer peripheral frames 13, 13... In the digging direction, and the front ground is excavated by these cutter bits 6, 6. It has become.
[0021]
The cutter frame 2 is provided with six support beams 3, 3, 3, 3, 3 and 3 extending from the rear of the ring frame 11 toward the bulkhead 7 so as to be rotatable toward the bulkhead 7 respectively. The two rotors 4, 4, 4, 4, 4 and 4 are connected in a crank shape and supported in an eccentric state.
[0022]
Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 4A to 4B, the cutter frame 2 is rotated in a parallel link along the peripheral edge of the excavator frame 1 as in the prior art so that all the cutter bits 6 6 ... can be rotated at the same peripheral speed so that the front ground can be excavated uniformly.
[0023]
Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a jack 15 with a movable bit provided with a movable bit 14 for digging is provided at the tip of each outer peripheral frame 13, 13... Constituting the outer peripheral portion of the cutter frame 2. Is provided.
[0024]
This movable bit-equipped jack 15 is provided with a movable bit 14 for excavation at the tip of a hydraulic jack 16 accommodated in a cylindrical frame body 12a as shown in FIG. Each movable bit 14 is projected and retracted in the radial direction of the cutter frame 2 by hydraulic fluid supplied from a hydraulic hose 17 connected to the lower end of 16 as shown in FIG.
[0025]
Therefore, as described above, when the cutter frame 2 is rotated to excavate a natural ground in front, the movable bit 14 is protruded by the hydraulic jack 16, and as shown in FIG. In this way, a portion of the excavator frame 1 that protrudes from the excavator frame 1, that is, a portion of the ground that is filled with diagonal lines, is excavated, and extra excavation is performed.
[0026]
Therefore, for example, when excavating the ground on the right side of the excavation direction to excavate the right curve, as shown in FIG. 1, each of the jacks with movable bits 15, 15... By rotating the cutter frame 2 with the respective movable bits 14, 14... Protruding outward in the radial direction, the ground on the right side of the excavation direction is reduced without reducing the excavation ability of the ground in front of the excavation direction. The mountain can be dug in the optimum range. Similarly, when excavating the ground on the left side in the excavation direction for excavation of the left curve, the movable bits 14, 14... Are retracted and retracted, and located on the excessive excavation side. When driving the jacks with movable bits 15, 15..., And when excavating a ground mountain obliquely upward in the digging direction so as to excavate the diagonally upward curve, each of the jacks 15, 15. By driving the movable bit-equipped jacks 15, 15..., The movable bits 14, 14... Protrude outward in the radial direction. It can be dug in the ideal range.
[0027]
By the way, as can be understood from the above-described operation, the jack 15 with a movable bit can ideally dig up the optimum range as the number of installations increases. The number of hydraulic hoses 17 that supply hydraulic fluid to 15 and the number of actuators (not shown) that generate hydraulic pressure increase, and the new structure and control of the hydraulic hoses 17 increase. .
[0028]
Therefore, if these jacks with movable bits 15, 15... Are divided into two or more adjacent blocks and controlled in units of each block, the number of hydraulic hoses 17 and actuators, etc., is larger than in the case of individual control. As a result, the structure can be simplified and control can be facilitated.
[0029]
For example, as shown in FIG. 1, each movable bit-equipped jack 15, 15,... Is divided into four blocks a, b, c, d vertically and horizontally from the center of the excavator frame 1, and each block a, b, c, If the control is performed in units of d and the excavation range is divided into four zones A, B, C and D and excavation is performed in units of each zone, the required number of hydraulic hoses 17 extended from the excavator frame 1 side is required. However, the number of actuators and the like can be greatly reduced. That is, after each hydraulic hose 17 is extended into the cutter frame 2, it is only necessary to branch and connect the hydraulic hoses 17 to the hydraulic oil inlets on the respective movable bit-equipped jacks 15, 15. .
[0030]
An example of control in the case where the block is divided into four blocks a, b, c, and d will be described. In order to excavate the right curve, as shown in FIG. Since it is necessary to excavate the surplus digging zones A and B, the jacks 15, 15... With the movable bits of the blocks a and b are collectively operated to project the respective movable bits 14, 14. The area can be dug optimally. When excavating the left curve, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), the jacks with movable bits 15 and 15 of the blocks c and d located on the left side in the excavation direction are collectively operated to operate the extra excavation zone C. And D, and further excavating the upper side in the direction of excavation, as shown in FIG. 5 (c), the jacks 15, 15... Further, in order to excavate the lower side in the excavation direction, as shown in FIG. 5 (d), the jacks 15 and 15 with movable bits 15 and 15 on the blocks b and d side are collectively operated so that the excavation zones B and D are simultaneously performed. Excessive excavation enables efficient excavation of the optimum range. Further, for example, when excavating the diagonally upper right in the traveling direction, the range can be optimally excavated by operating only block a or b and c together with block a.
[0031]
As described above, according to the present invention, a plurality of jacks 15 with movable bits that can be projected and retracted in the radial direction are provided radially on the outer edge portion of the cutter frame 2 and the adjacent jacks 15 with movable bits are controlled in a plurality of groups. In addition, it is possible to dug an arbitrary position within the optimum range, and it is possible to minimize the number of hydraulic hoses and actuators installed, so that the structure is simplified and control is also possible It becomes easy and there is no risk of becoming unnecessarily complicated.
[0032]
It should be noted that the number of installed jacks 15 and the installation interval of the movable bit 15 are not limited to those shown in FIG. 1, and it is needless to say that the movable bit is appropriately increased or decreased as necessary. The shape of the excavator frame 1 provided with the attached jack 15 is not limited to a circle, and if it is similar to the cross-sectional shape of the excavator frame 1, it is a rectangle, an ellipse, an arc-shaped rectangle, a horseshoe shape, and a circle with protrusions as in the past. Needless to say, similar effects can be obtained even with any cross-sectional shape.
[0033]
Further, if the number of divisions of the block is at least four or more, it is possible to perform excavation in the up and down direction, left and right, and more ideal overexcavation can be performed by further fine division. Further, when an electric jack or the like is adopted as the movable bit-equipped jack 15 instead of the hydraulic jack 16, a power supply cable or the like is required, and thus the same operation and effect can be obtained.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
In short, according to the present invention, it is possible to excavate an arbitrary position in an arbitrary range without reducing the excavation ability of the natural ground in the excavation direction, so that it is ideal without adversely affecting the surrounding natural ground. Can be done. In addition, by dividing and controlling the jack with a movable bit provided in the cutter frame for each block, it is possible to minimize the number of hydraulic hoses and actuators installed, so the structure and control of the cutter frame can be controlled. There is no need to make it unnecessarily complicated, and it is possible to exhibit excellent effects such as improvement of the operational stability and reliability of the overburden mechanism.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of an eccentric multi-axis excavator according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view showing an R portion in FIG. 1;
3 is a sectional view taken along line XX in FIG.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an operating state of the eccentric multi-axis excavator of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing an example of excessive excavation by the eccentric multi-axis excavator of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a front view showing an example of a conventional eccentric multi-axis excavator.
FIG. 7 is a side view showing an example of a conventional eccentric multi-axis excavator.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing an operating state of a conventional eccentric multi-axis excavator.
FIG. 9 is a front view showing an example of a conventional eccentric multi-axis excavator with an extra excavation mechanism.
FIG. 10 is a front view showing an operation example of a conventional eccentric multi-axis excavator with an extra excavation mechanism.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Excavator frame 2 Cutter frame 3 Support beam 4 Rotor 7 Bulkhead 9 Conveyor
14 Movable bit
15 Jack with movable bit
16 Hydraulic jacks a, b, c, d Dividing blocks A, B, C, D Excavation zone

Claims (2)

In an eccentric multi-axis excavator provided with a cutter frame that pivots parallel to the radial direction so as to excavate a ground in front of the excavator frame, a plurality of outer peripheral frames are provided on the outer edge of the cutter frame. In addition to providing radially, a plurality of cutter bits are provided on the front surface of the outer peripheral frame in the digging direction, and a movable bit for extra digging is provided at the distal end of the outer peripheral frame in the radial direction via a hydraulic jack so as to be movable in and out in the radial direction. An eccentric multi-axis excavator characterized by that. Each of the hydraulic jacks is divided into a group of four or more blocks from the center of the excavator frame, while the number of divided hydraulic hoses is extended into the cutter frame from the excavator frame side. The eccentric multi-axis excavator according to claim 1, wherein the eccentric multi-axis excavator according to claim 1 is divided into groups and branched and connected to each hydraulic jack .

Images