JP4017266B2 - Magnetic heater - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is used for improving the startability of various vehicle engines such as automobiles mainly powered by a diesel engine or a gasoline engine in cold or extremely cold conditions, or for cabin heating of various vehicles or ships including electric vehicles. Preheating or rapid heating of engine cooling water for generators, welding machines, compressors, construction machines, etc. that are used as auxiliary heating means for heat medium fluid such as engine cooling water (shortening warm-up time) The present invention relates to a magnet type heater used for the above.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As an auxiliary heating heat source for a vehicle such as an automobile used for heating engine cooling water at the time of starting in a cold region, a viscous heater is known (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 2-246823, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 4-11716). JP-A-9-254637, JP-A-9-66729, JP-A-9-323530, etc.).
The viscous heater generates heat by shearing a viscous fluid such as silicon oil and uses it as a heating heat source by exchanging heat with circulating water circulating in the water jacket. A water jacket is formed in the chamber and the outer area of the heat generating chamber, a drive shaft is rotatably supported on the housing via a bearing device, and a rotor rotatable in the heat generating chamber is fixed to the drive shaft. A viscous fluid such as silicon oil is sealed in the gap between the wall surface of the heat generating chamber and the rotor, and circulating water is taken in from the water inlet port in the water jacket and circulated to be sent out from the water outlet port to the external heating circuit.
[0003]
In this viscous heater incorporated in a vehicle heating device, if the drive shaft is driven by the engine, the rotor rotates in the heat generating chamber, so that viscous fluid is sheared in the gap between the wall surface of the heat generating chamber and the outer surface of the rotor. The generated heat is exchanged with the circulating water in the water jacket, and the heated circulating water is used for heating the vehicle such as engine cooling water in the heating circuit.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the above-mentioned viscous heater can be reduced in size and cost by a simple structure, and can be secured with high reliability and safety by a non-contact mechanism without wear, and the water temperature can be increased. However, when the auxiliary heater is not required, the operation is automatically stopped by temperature control, so that useless energy is not used. However, the heat resistance of silicone oil used as a viscous fluid is limited to about 240 ° C. The temperature of the silicone oil cannot be increased too much, and it takes time until the silicone oil is stirred and heats up to a high temperature. At the same time, when the temperature of the silicone oil rises, the viscosity decreases and the shear resistance decreases. Because the amount of heat generated per unit time tends to decrease gradually, the rapid heating effect in the engine cold time is not obtained There is a point. Further, since the viscosity of the viscous fluid increases when the usage environment is extremely low, the viscous torque at the time of startup increases. In particular, when the engine is driven, an excessive load is applied at startup. For this reason, particularly in the case of a cold district specification vehicle equipped with a diesel engine, such a viscous heater cannot be said to be sufficient in effectiveness, and can heat the heat medium fluid to a high temperature in a shorter time and efficiently. An auxiliary heater was desired.
[0005]
The present invention has been considered in view of the problems of such a viscous heater, and can raise the temperature of the fluid for the heating medium at a higher temperature than that of the viscous heater and in a short time, and has high heat resistance. It aims to provide an excellent magnet heater.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The magnet heater according to the present invention is a system in which slip heat generated on the conductor side is heat-exchanged with a fluid for a heat medium by shearing a magnetic path formed between the magnet and the conductor. The heat medium fluid is heated by slip heating generated in the conductor by rotating the magnet and the conductor relative to each other with a slight gap therebetween. The conductor serves as a heat medium fluid jacket and is non-rotatably supported by a drive shaft via a bearing device. The heat shaft is rotatably provided by the drive shaft and faces the heat medium fluid jacket with a slight gap. It comprises a permanent magnet rotator with the placed permanent magnets and the inner wall of the side facing the permanent magnet of the fluid jacket the heat medium, back to form a strong magnetic field between the permanent magnet A heat medium fluid in the heat medium fluid jacket is heated by slip heat generated in the heat medium fluid jacket by the rotation of the permanent magnet rotor, and In a second embodiment, the conductor serves as a heat medium fluid jacket, and is supported non-rotatably on a drive shaft via a bearing device. The heat medium fluid jacket is rotatably provided by the drive shaft. A permanent magnet rotating body having permanent magnets arranged opposite to each other with a slight gap, and embedded between the permanent magnets of the heat medium fluid jacket on the side facing the permanent magnet. has a back plate for forming a magnetic field, the heat medium within the fluid jacket heating medium by the slip heat generated in the fluid heat medium jacket by the rotation of the permanent magnet rotator According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a structure in which fluid is heated. In the third embodiment, the conductor is used as a fluid jacket for a heat medium and is non-rotatably supported on a drive shaft via a bearing device. A permanent magnet rotating body having a permanent magnet provided rotatably with a shaft and arranged to face the heat medium fluid jacket with a slight gap therebetween, and faces the permanent magnet in the heat medium fluid jacket. A back plate surrounded by a conductor for forming a strong magnetic field between the inner wall on the side and a small gap between the permanent magnet and the permanent magnet. The heat medium fluid in the heat medium fluid jacket is heated by slip heat generated in the heat medium fluid jacket by rotation, and the fourth embodiment is characterized in that A part of the resin heat jacket made of resin is formed of the conductor, and is non-rotatably supported on the drive shaft via a bearing device, and is provided so as to be rotatable by the drive shaft. A permanent magnet rotating body having a permanent magnet opposed to the conductor with a slight gap, and on the inner wall of the conductor facing the permanent magnet in the fluid jacket for the heat medium , between the permanent magnet The heat medium fluid in the heat medium fluid jacket is heated by the slip heat generated in the heat medium fluid jacket by the rotation of the permanent magnet rotor. It is characterized by having a structure. In the present invention, thermal ferrite is used instead of the permanent magnet, or an eddy current material or a hysteresis material is used for the conductor.
[0007]
That is, the magnet type heater according to the present invention has two members: a permanent magnet, a magnet such as thermal ferrite, and a conductor (heating element) such as a material having a large magnetic hysteresis (hereinafter referred to as “hysteresis material”) or an eddy current material. It uses slip heat generated on the conductor side by rotating the magnet and the conductor relative to each other across a slight gap and shearing the magnetic path. By using eddy current material or hysteresis material for the conductor It has a feature that heat can be generated at a temperature of 200 to 600 ° C. in several seconds to several tens of seconds. The above-mentioned “slip heat generation” means that when a conductor is moved (rotated) in a direction in which the magnetic field is cut in the magnetic field generated by the magnet, an eddy current (eddy current) is generated in the conductor. It means that heat is generated by electric resistance in the conductor of current.
[0008]
Further, the back plate in the present invention is provided to generate an eddy current necessary for generating slip heat generation in the conductor heat medium fluid jacket, and the back plate is provided between the back plate and the permanent magnet. If the distance is large, there is a problem that magnetic loss increases and less slip heat is absorbed by the heat medium fluid jacket. Therefore, in the present invention, the distance between the permanent magnet and the back plate is reduced to reduce the magnetic loss and to make the conductor. It was made possible to efficiently and surely absorb slip heat generation in the fluid jacket for heat medium. That is, as a means for reducing the distance between the back plate and the permanent magnet, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the back plate is provided on the inner wall of the heat medium fluid jacket facing the permanent magnet, In the second embodiment, a back plate is embedded in the side wall facing the permanent magnet of the heat medium fluid jacket, and in the third embodiment, the inner wall facing the permanent magnet in the heat medium fluid jacket. And a back plate surrounded by a conductor in the jacket with a slight gap therebetween, and in the fourth embodiment, a conductor is provided on at least the permanent magnet facing surface of the resin heat medium fluid jacket. The means for providing a back plate on the inner wall of the machine was used. By rubbing such means, a strong magnetic field is formed between the permanent magnet and the back plate, so that a sufficient eddy current is generated in the conductor heat medium fluid jacket, and the heater efficiency is increased. Become. In addition, the weight of the heater can be reduced by making the heat medium fluid jacket made of resin, and the heat retaining property for the heat medium fluid is improved by its low thermal conductivity.
[0009]
In the present invention, the conductor mainly generates heat due to the relative rotation between the magnet and the conductor, and the magnet also has a slightly weak magnetic force due to the radiant heat from the conductor, and the driving torque is slightly reduced. Can continue to maintain high values.
[0010]
In the present invention, as a method of rotating the magnet side and the conductor side by rotating the magnet and the conductor, which are arranged to face each other with a slight gap, the magnetic path is sheared, the magnet side and the conductor are rotated. There are a method of rotating the sides in opposite directions, a method of rotating in the same direction by changing the number of rotations on the magnet side and the conductor side, and the like. The gap is not particularly limited, but is usually about 0.3 to 1.0 mm.
[0011]
In addition, as a rotational drive source in the present invention, a system driven by an engine via a pulley or the like, or a dedicated motor, wind power, hydraulic power, etc., which is provided separately from the engine can be used.
[0012]
Further, an electromagnetic clutch, thermal ferrite, electromagnetic brake, electromagnetic coil, or the like can be used as an ON / OFF control means for the magnet heater. Thermal ferrite is generally a soft magnet attached to a permanent magnet. When heat is generated above a certain temperature, the magnetic path passes through the soft ferrite, and conversely, the heat generation temperature drops below a certain temperature. Since the magnetic path is formed on the outside of the soft ferrite, the magnetic ferrite is automatically turned ON / OFF control when thermal ferrite is used for the magnet. It is unnecessary.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
1 is a longitudinal side view showing an embodiment of a magnet heater corresponding to claim 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal side view showing an embodiment of a magnet heater corresponding to claim 2. FIG. Is a longitudinal side view showing an embodiment of a magnet heater corresponding to the third aspect, FIG. 4 is a longitudinal side view showing an embodiment of the magnet heater corresponding to the fourth aspect, and 1 is a drive shaft. 2 and 12 are water jackets, 3 is a bearing device, 4 is a back plate, 5 and 15 are permanent magnet rotating bodies, 6 is a permanent magnet, 7 and 17 are pulleys, 8 is circulating water, and 9 is a fastening bolt. .
[0014]
First, the magnet heater shown in FIG. 1 supports a water jacket (conductor) 2 made of pure copper, for example, as an eddy current material on the outer periphery of the drive shaft 1 via a bearing device 3 in a non-rotating manner. A permanent magnet rotating body 5 having a doughnut-shaped permanent magnet 6 arranged to face each other with a slight gap is integrally attached to the drive shaft 1. The permanent magnet 6 is attached via a yoke 6a. Inside the water jacket 2, a back plate 4 is attached to the inner wall on the side facing the permanent magnet 6. The back plate 4 is not particularly limited in terms of material, but is preferably a ferritic stainless steel plate or a Si-containing steel plate subjected to anticorrosion treatment by plating or the like. The water jacket 2 is provided with a water inlet port 2a and a water outlet port 2b. A pulley 7 is attached to the drive shaft 1 by fastening bolts 9 and is rotated by a belt by a vehicle engine or the like.
[0015]
In the magnet heater having the above-described configuration, when the drive shaft 1 is driven by the engine via the pulley 7, the permanent magnet rotating body 5 integrated with the drive shaft 1 is rotated and the permanent magnet 6 is rotated. The magnetic path formed between the eddy current material and the water jacket (conductor) 2 is sheared, and slip heat is generated in the water jacket 2. At this time, due to the action of the back plate 4 adhered to the inner wall of the water jacket (conductor) 2, a strong magnetic field is formed between the permanent magnet 6 and a sufficient eddy current is generated in the water jacket 2. Heater efficiency is increased. Heat generated in the water jacket 2 is exchanged with the circulating water 8 as the heat medium fluid in the jacket 2, and the heated circulating water is used for heating the vehicle in the heating circuit.
[0016]
Next, the magnet heater shown in FIG. 2 supports a water jacket (conductor) 2 made of an eddy current material in a non-rotating manner on the outer periphery of the drive shaft 1 via a bearing device 3 in the same manner as shown in FIG. In the configuration in which a permanent magnet rotating body 5 having a doughnut-shaped permanent magnet 6 disposed opposite to the water jacket 2 with a slight gap is mounted integrally with the drive shaft 1, the water jacket (conductor) 2 is The back plate 4 is embedded in the side wall on the side facing the permanent magnet 6.
[0017]
In the magnet heater having the above configuration, when the drive shaft 1 is driven by an engine or the like via the pulley 7, the permanent magnet rotating body 5 that is integral with the drive shaft 1 is rotated and the permanent magnet 6 is rotated. As a result, the magnetic path formed between the water jacket (conductor) 2 made of eddy current material is sheared, and slip heat is generated in the water jacket 2. In this case, due to the action of the back plate 4 embedded integrally with the water jacket (conductor) 2, a strong magnetic field is formed between the permanent magnet 6 and the water jacket 2 as in the heater shown in FIG. Sufficient eddy current is generated in the heater and heater efficiency is increased. The heat generated in the water jacket 2 is heat-exchanged with the circulating water 8 as the heat medium fluid in the jacket 2 in the same manner as described above, and the heated circulating water is used for heating the vehicle in the heating circuit.
[0018]
The magnetic heater shown in FIG. 3 supports a water jacket (conductor) 2 made of an eddy current material in a non-rotating manner on the outer periphery of the drive shaft 1 via a bearing device 3 in the same manner as that shown in FIG. In the configuration in which a permanent magnet rotating body 5 having a donut-shaped permanent magnet 6 disposed opposite to the jacket 2 with a slight gap is attached to the drive shaft 1, the permanent magnet in the water jacket (conductor) 2 is used. The back plate 4 surrounded by the conductor 4-1 made of eddy current material of the same material as the jacket is arranged opposite to the inner space of the jacket with a slight gap from the inner wall facing the side 6 It is. The back plate 4 surrounded by the conductor 4-1 is fixed to the inner wall of the water jacket 2 via a support 2-1.
[0019]
In the case of the magnet heater having the above-described configuration, as described above, when the drive shaft 1 is driven by an engine or the like via the pulley 7, the permanent magnet rotating body 5 integrated with the drive shaft 1 is rotated to move the permanent magnet 6. Is rotated, the magnetic path formed between the water jacket (conductor) 2 made of eddy current material is sheared, and slip heat is generated in the water jacket 2. In the case of this heater, due to the action of the back plate 4 surrounded by the conductor 4-1 supported in the inner space of the water jacket 2, it is powerful between the permanent magnet 6 and the heater shown in FIG. A magnetic field is formed, a sufficient eddy current is generated in the water jacket 2, and slip heat is exchanged with the circulating water 8 flowing between the back plate 4 surrounded by the conductor 4-1 and the inner wall of the water jacket. Therefore, high heater efficiency can be obtained also in the case of this magnet heater.
[0020]
On the other hand, the magnet type heater shown in FIG. 4 has a water jacket body made of resin in order to reduce the overall weight of the heater and to ensure the heat retaining property of the heat transfer fluid. A conductor 12-2 made of an eddy current material formed so as to correspond to the cross-sectional shape of the jacket body is integrally attached to the front side of the letter-shaped water jacket body 12-1 via seal rings 12-3 and 12-4. The doughnut-shaped permanent magnet 6 is mounted on the outer periphery of the drive shaft 1 on the outer periphery of the drive shaft 1 through the bearing device 3 so as to be non-rotatable and is opposed to the conductor 12-2 of the water jacket 12 with a slight gap. A permanent magnet rotating body 15 having the above structure is integrally attached to the drive shaft 1 with fastening bolts 9. Inside the water jacket 12, a back plate 4 is adhered to the inner wall of the conductor 12-2 facing the permanent magnet 6. The water jacket 2 is provided with a water inlet port (not shown) and a water outlet port 12b. The drive shaft 1 is rotated by a belt by a vehicle engine or the like via a pulley 17 as described above.
[0021]
In the case of the magnet heater having the above configuration, when the drive shaft 1 is driven by the engine via the pulley 17, the permanent magnet rotating body 15 integrally formed with the drive shaft 1 is rotated and the permanent magnet 6 is rotated. As a result, the magnetic path formed between the eddy current material conductor 12-2 attached to the resin water jacket main body 12-1 is sheared, and slip heat is generated in the conductor 12-2. In the case of this heater, the action of the back plate 4 attached to the inner wall of the conductor 12-2 on the side facing the permanent magnet 6 causes a strong force between the permanent magnet 6 and the heater shown in FIG. As a result, a sufficient eddy current is generated in the conductor 12-2 of the water jacket 12 and the heater efficiency is increased. The heat generated in the conductor 12-2 of the water jacket 12 is heat-exchanged with the circulating water 8 as the heat medium fluid in the jacket 2 in the same manner as described above, and the heated circulating water is used for heating the vehicle in the heating circuit. The Rukoto. In the case of this magnet heater, the water jacket main body 12-1 is made of resin, so that the entire water jacket is made of an eddy current material (such as pure copper) as shown in FIGS. Compared with the effect that the weight can be reduced and the heat conductivity of the heat medium fluid is generally improved by the low thermal conductivity of the resin, the volume of the water jacket can be increased, and the conductor 12-2 has a larger circumference than the back plate 4. The relative speed associated with rotation is large outside the direction, close to the part with a large amount of heat generation, and the surface area (heat transfer area) is increased and sufficiently cooled so that the heat is well recovered and the radiant heat to the permanent magnet 6 is reduced. In addition, the effect of reducing the thermal influence on the seal rings 12-3 and 12-4 can be obtained.
[0022]
In each of the above embodiments, water is used as the heat medium fluid. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other heat medium fluids such as heat medium oil, silicon oil, or air can be used.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the magnet heater according to the present invention uses a slip heat generated in a conductor by relatively rotating a magnet such as a permanent magnet or thermal ferrite and a conductor made of an eddy current material or a hysteresis material. Therefore, in addition to the effect that the structure can be simplified, the size and cost can be reduced, and the higher reliability and safety can be ensured by the non-contact mechanism without wear, for example, When heating is necessary when the engine is cold, driving the magnet side or conductor side with an engine or the like can quickly warm the engine cooling water and significantly improve the heating function of the engine. Have. Therefore, the present invention exhibits an excellent effect as an auxiliary heater capable of heating the heating medium fluid to a high temperature in a shorter time and efficiently, and is extremely effective particularly in a cold district specification vehicle equipped with a diesel engine.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal side view showing an embodiment of a magnet heater corresponding to claim 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal side view showing an embodiment of a magnet heater corresponding to claim 2;
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal side view showing an embodiment of a magnet heater corresponding to the third aspect of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal side view showing an embodiment of a magnet heater corresponding to the fourth aspect of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Drive shaft 2, 12 Water jacket 3 Bearing apparatus 4 Back plate 5, 15 Permanent magnet rotating body 6 Permanent magnet 7, 17 Pulley 8 Circulating water 9 Fastening bolt 2a Inlet port 2b, 12b Outlet port

Claims (6)

  A magnet and a conductor are arranged to face each other with a slight gap, and a heating medium fluid is heated by slip heat generated in the conductor by relatively rotating the magnet and the conductor, and the conductor is used for the heating medium. A permanent magnet, which is a fluid jacket and is non-rotatably supported by a drive shaft via a bearing device, is rotatably provided by the drive shaft, and is arranged to face the heat medium fluid jacket with a slight gap therebetween. A permanent magnet rotating body, and a back plate for forming a strong magnetic field with the permanent magnet on the inner wall of the fluid jacket for the heat medium facing the permanent magnet. The magnet has a structure in which the heat medium fluid in the heat medium fluid jacket is heated by slip heat generated in the heat medium fluid jacket by rotation of the magnet rotating body. Equation heater.   A magnet and a conductor are arranged to face each other with a slight gap, and a heating medium fluid is heated by slip heat generated in the conductor by relatively rotating the magnet and the conductor, and the conductor is used for the heating medium. A permanent magnet, which is a fluid jacket and is non-rotatably supported by a drive shaft via a bearing device, is rotatably provided by the drive shaft, and is arranged to face the heat medium fluid jacket with a slight gap therebetween. A back plate for forming a strong magnetic field between the permanent magnet rotor and the permanent magnet embedded in a side wall facing the permanent magnet of the fluid jacket for the heat medium; The heat medium fluid in the heat medium fluid jacket is heated by the slip heat generated in the heat medium fluid jacket by the rotation of the permanent magnet rotor. Gunetto type heater. A magnet and a conductor are arranged to face each other with a slight gap, and a heating medium fluid is heated by slip heat generated in the conductor by relatively rotating the magnet and the conductor, and the conductor is used for the heating medium. A permanent magnet, which is a fluid jacket and is non-rotatably supported by a drive shaft via a bearing device, is rotatably provided by the drive shaft, and is arranged to face the heat medium fluid jacket with a slight gap therebetween. A permanent magnet rotating body having a strong magnetic force between the inner wall on the side facing the permanent magnet in the fluid jacket for the heat medium and the permanent magnet disposed in the jacket with a slight gap therebetween. A back plate surrounded by a conductor for forming a magnetic field, and the heat medium fluid jet is generated by slip heat generated in the heat medium fluid jacket by the rotation of the permanent magnet rotor. Magnet type heater heat medium fluid in the packet is characterized in that no structure to be heated.   A system in which a magnet and a conductor are opposed to each other with a slight gap, and the heat medium fluid is heated by slip heat generated in the conductor by relatively rotating the magnet and the conductor. A part of the fluid jacket is composed of the conductor, and is non-rotatably supported on the drive shaft via a bearing device. The fluid jacket is rotatably provided by the drive shaft and has a slight gap with the conductor of the fluid jacket for the heat medium. A permanent magnet rotating body having permanent magnets arranged opposite to each other is provided, and a strong magnetic field is formed between the permanent magnets on the inner wall of the conductor facing the permanent magnets in the heat medium fluid jacket. And a structure in which the heat medium fluid in the heat medium fluid jacket is heated by slip heat generated in the heat medium fluid jacket by the rotation of the permanent magnet rotor. Magnet type heater, characterized in that it was.   The magnet heater according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein thermal ferrite is used instead of the permanent magnet.   5. The magnet heater according to claim 1, wherein an eddy current material or a hysteresis material is used for the conductor.

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