JP2000142088A - Magnet type heater - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To raise a temperature of a fluid for a heating medium up to a higher temperature in a short time than a viscous type heater, and to improve heat resistance by heating the fluid for a heating medium in a jacket by using slip heating generated in a fluid jacket for a heating medium according to rotation of a permanent magnet rotary body. SOLUTION: When driving a driving shaft 1 through a pulley 8 by an engine, since a permanent magnet rotary body 6 and a permanent magnet 7 formed integrally with this rotate, a magnetic path is sheared, so that slip heating is generated in a water jacket 2 (a conductor). At this time, a strong magnetic field is generated between the water jacket 2 and the permanent magnet 7 by the action of a backplate 4, so that a sufficient eddy current is generated in the water jacket 2 to enhance heater efficiency. At the same time, an air flow is generated around the permanent magnet 7, but air cooling of the water jacket 2 by this air flow can be prevented by a heat insulating material layer 5. Heating of the water jacket 2 is exchanged in heat with circulating water to be supplied for heating or the like of a vehicle.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the improvement of startability of various vehicle engines such as automobiles using a diesel engine or a gasoline engine as a power source, especially in cold or extreme cold, and various vehicles and ships including electric vehicles. Used as auxiliary heating means for heat medium fluid such as engine cooling water used for cabin heating, etc., and for preheating or rapid rise of engine cooling water for engine driven generators, welding machines, compressors, construction machinery, etc. The present invention relates to a magnet heater used for warming (reducing the warm-up time).

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A viscous heater is known as an auxiliary heating heat source for a vehicle such as an automobile used for heating engine cooling water at the time of startup in a cold region or the like (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 2-246823, Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. Hei 2-246823). JP-A-4-11716, JP-A-9-254637, JP-A-9-6672
9 and JP-A-9-323530. The viscous heater is a method in which a viscous fluid such as silicon oil generates heat by shearing and exchanges heat with circulating water circulating in a water jacket to use as a heating heat source. A water jacket is formed in a chamber and an outer region of the heat generating chamber, a drive shaft is rotatably supported on the housing via a bearing device, and a rotor rotatable in the heat generating chamber is fixed to the drive shaft. A viscous fluid such as silicon oil is sealed in the gap between the wall of the heat generating chamber and the rotor, and circulating water is taken in from the water inlet port in the water jacket and circulated from the water outlet port to the outside heating circuit.

[0003] In this viscous heater incorporated in a vehicle heating device, when the drive shaft is driven by the engine, the rotor rotates in the heating chamber, and viscous fluid flows between the wall surface of the heating chamber and the outer surface of the rotor. Heat is generated by shearing in the gap, and the generated heat is exchanged with circulating water in the water jacket, and the heated circulating water is supplied to the heating circuit such as engine cooling water for vehicle heating.

[0004]

However, the above-mentioned viscous heater has a simple structure and can be reduced in size and cost, and has high reliability and safety by means of a non-contact mechanism without wear. When the water temperature rises and the auxiliary heater becomes unnecessary, the temperature control automatically stops the operation, so that wasteful energy is not used. The limit is about 240 ° C. The temperature of the silicon oil cannot be raised too much, and it takes a long time for the silicon oil to be agitated and heated to a high temperature at startup, and the viscosity decreases when the temperature of the silicon oil rises. As a result, the shearing resistance tends to decrease and the calorific value per unit time tends to gradually decrease. There is a drawback that the Do not heating effect can not be obtained. When the viscous heater is used in an extremely low temperature environment, the viscosity of the viscous fluid increases, so that the load torque at the time of startup increases. Particularly when the engine is driven, an excessive load is applied at the time of starting. For this reason, especially in the case of a cold district specification vehicle equipped with a diesel engine, such a viscous heater is not sufficiently effective, and can heat the heat medium fluid to a high temperature in a shorter time and more efficiently. An auxiliary heater was desired.

The present invention has been made in view of the problems of such a viscous heater, and can increase the temperature of the heat medium fluid at a higher temperature and in a shorter time than the viscous heater. Another object of the present invention is to provide a magnet heater excellent in heat resistance.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A magnet type heater according to the present invention is a system for exchanging slip heat generated on a conductor side by shearing a magnetic path formed between a magnet and a conductor into a heat medium fluid. The gist is that a magnet and a conductor are opposed to each other with a slight gap therebetween, and a heating medium fluid is heated by slip heat generated in the conductor by relatively rotating the magnet and the conductor. , The first
In a preferred embodiment, the conductor serves as a heat medium fluid jacket, is non-rotatably supported on a drive shaft via a bearing device, is provided rotatably by the drive shaft, and has a slight gap with the heat medium fluid jacket. A permanent magnet rotator having permanent magnets opposed to each other, and a back plate on an inner wall of the heat medium fluid jacket facing the permanent magnet, and at least a permanent magnet of the heat medium fluid jacket. The heat medium fluid in the heat medium fluid jacket is heated by slip heat generated in the heat medium fluid jacket due to the rotation of the permanent magnet rotating body. And the second
In a preferred embodiment, the conductor serves as a heat medium fluid jacket, is non-rotatably supported on a drive shaft via a bearing device, is provided rotatably by the drive shaft, and has a slight gap with the heat medium fluid jacket. A permanent magnet rotor having permanent magnets opposed to each other with a space therebetween, and a back plate on an outer wall surface of the heat medium fluid jacket opposite to the permanent magnet side, and the heat medium fluid jacket with a back plate. Is surrounded by a heat insulating material, and the heat medium fluid in the heat medium fluid jacket is heated by slip heat generated in the heat medium fluid jacket due to the rotation of the permanent magnet rotating body. In a third embodiment, the conductor is formed as a fluid jacket for a heat medium and the jacket is surrounded by a heat insulating material so that a bearing is mounted on a drive shaft. A permanent magnet rotating body which is supported non-rotatably via a drive shaft, and which is provided rotatably by the drive shaft, and has permanent magnets disposed on both sides of the heat medium fluid jacket and opposed to the fluid jacket with a slight gap therebetween. The heat medium in the heat medium fluid jacket is generated by slip heat generated in a non-rotational heat medium fluid jacket disposed between the pair of left and right permanent magnet rotors by the rotation of the pair of left and right permanent magnet rotors. The structure is characterized in that the working fluid is heated. Further, in the present invention, a thermal ferrite is used in place of the permanent magnet, an eddy current material or a hysteresis material is used for the conductor, and the heat insulating material is made of a wear-resistant and low-friction material, and rotates in contact with the permanent magnet. Is what makes it possible.

That is, the magnet type heater according to the present invention comprises a magnet such as a permanent magnet or a thermal ferrite, and a material having a large magnetic hysteresis (hereinafter referred to as "hysteresis material").
2) of conductor (heating element) such as eddy current material
The two members face each other with a slight gap, rotate the magnet and the conductor relatively, and shear the magnetic path to generate the slip heat generated on the conductor side while insulating the heat radiation to the outside inside the heat medium fluid jacket. This is used for heating the heat medium fluid, and has a feature that the conductor can be heated to a temperature of 200 to 600 ° C. in several seconds to several tens of seconds by using an eddy current material or a hysteresis material for the conductor. The above-mentioned "slip heat" means that when a conductor is moved (rotated) in a magnetic field generated by the magnet in a direction to cut off the magnetic field, an eddy current (eddy current) is generated in the conductor and the eddy current is generated. It means that heat is generated by electric resistance in the conductor of the current.

In the present invention, the reason why the heat insulating material layer is provided at least on the surface of the heat medium fluid jacket facing the permanent magnet by coating, molding, sticking or the like is as follows. That is, in the case of the magnet heater according to the present invention, since the permanent magnet rotates at a high speed, a radially flowing air flow is generated around the permanent magnet. The heat medium fluid jacket made of a conductor is exposed to this radial air flow and is air-cooled, so that heat transfer to the heat medium fluid in the fluid jacket is hindered. In the present invention, in order to prevent air cooling of the heat medium fluid jacket by the radial air flow as much as possible, a heat insulation material layer such as a coating is provided on at least a surface of the heat medium fluid jacket facing the permanent magnet. The layer prevents cooling of the heat medium fluid jacket by the radial air flow. In this case, the heat insulating material layer may be provided on the entire outer surface of the heat medium fluid jacket. When a heat insulating material layer is provided on the entire outer surface of the heat medium fluid jacket, the heat medium fluid jacket may be surrounded by the heat insulating material layer. Examples of the heat insulating material include a resin, a foamed resin, felt, cotton, ceramic, asbestos, and a combination thereof.

Further, in the present invention, when the permanent magnets are arranged opposite to each other on the both sides of the heat medium fluid jacket, a strong magnetic field is formed between the heat medium fluid jacket and the permanent magnets on both sides of the heat medium fluid jacket. A sufficient eddy current is generated in the jacket, and the heater efficiency is increased.

The back plate according to the present invention comprises:
It is provided to generate an eddy current required to generate slip heat in a heat medium fluid jacket made of a conductor. The location where this back plate is provided is not particularly limited, but is generally provided on the inner wall or outer wall of the heat medium fluid jacket. In this case, if a back plate is provided on the inner wall of the heat medium fluid jacket on the side facing the permanent magnet, the distance between the back plate and the permanent magnet can be reduced, so that the magnetic loss is reduced and the heat medium made of a conductor is formed. The slip heat generation can be more efficiently absorbed by the fluid jacket.

In the present invention, the conductor mainly generates heat due to the relative rotation between the magnet and the conductor, and the magnet also weakens the magnetic force a little due to the radiant heat from the conductor, and the driving torque is slightly reduced. The calorific value can be maintained at a high value.

In the present invention, as a method of relatively rotating a magnet and a conductor arranged opposite to each other with a slight gap therebetween to shear a magnetic path, a method of rotating one of the magnet side and the conductor side, There are a method of rotating the magnet side and the conductor side in directions opposite to each other, and a method of rotating the magnet side and the conductor side in the same direction while changing the number of revolutions. Although the gap is not particularly limited, it is usually 0.3 to 1.0 m.
m. When the heat insulating material is formed of a wear-resistant and low-friction material, the heat insulating material may be brought into rotational contact with a permanent magnet. In this case, since there is no gap between the magnet and the conductor, there is no radial air flow, so that it is difficult for the air to be cooled, and more heat is generated.

The rotary drive source according to the present invention includes a system driven by an engine via a pulley and the like.
Alternatively, a dedicated motor separate from the engine, wind power, hydraulic power, or the like can be used.

[0014] Further, turning on the magnet type heater
As the / OFF control means, an electromagnetic clutch, a thermal ferrite, an electromagnetic brake, an electromagnetic coil, or the like can be used. The thermal ferrite is generally a permanent magnet with soft ferrite attached.If heat is generated above a certain temperature, the magnetic path passes through the soft ferrite, and conversely, the heat generation temperature drops below a certain temperature Since the magnet has the characteristic that the magnetic path is formed outside the soft ferrite, when thermal ferrite is used for the magnet, the ON / OFF control can be automatically performed. Not required.

[0015]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing an embodiment of a magnetic heater according to claim 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional side view showing an embodiment of a magnetic heater according to the second aspect, FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional side view showing another embodiment of a magnetic heater according to the second aspect,
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing an embodiment of a magnet type heater according to the third aspect, wherein 1 is a drive shaft,
2, 22, 32 are water jackets, 3 is a bearing device, 4 is a back plate, 5 is a heat insulating material layer, 6 is a permanent magnet rotating body, 7 is a permanent magnet, 8 is a pulley, 9 and 19 are fastening bolts, 10 is Circulating water and 11 indicate spacers, respectively.

First, the magnet heater shown in FIG. 1 supports a donut-shaped water jacket (conductor) 2 made of an eddy current material such as pure copper around a drive shaft 1 via a bearing device 3 in a non-rotating manner. Then, a permanent magnet rotating body 6 having a donut-shaped permanent magnet 7 disposed opposite to the water jacket 2 with a slight gap therebetween is integrally attached to the drive shaft 1. The water jacket (conductor) 2 made of eddy current material includes a permanent magnet rotating body 6.
The heat insulating material layer 5 is provided on the surface facing the permanent magnet 7. This heat insulating material layer 5 is made of, for example, PA, PE, PTFE as described above.
And so on. The permanent magnet 7 is mounted via a yoke 7a. Inside the water jacket 2, a back plate 4 is adhered to an inner wall facing the permanent magnet 7. The material of the back plate 4 is not particularly limited, but is preferably a ferritic stainless steel plate, a Si-containing steel plate subjected to anticorrosion treatment by plating or the like. The water jacket 2 is provided with a water inlet port 2a and a water outlet port 2b. A pulley 8 is attached to the drive shaft 1 by a fastening bolt 9 and is rotated by a belt by an engine of a vehicle or the like.

When the drive shaft 1 is driven by the engine via the pulley 8, the permanent magnet rotor 6 integrated with the drive shaft 1 rotates and the permanent magnet 7 rotates. As a result, the magnetic path formed between the water jacket (conductor) 2 made of eddy current material is sheared,
Generates slip heat. At this time, the back plate 4 attached to the inner wall of the water jacket (conductor) 2
A strong magnetic field is formed between the permanent magnet 7 and the water jacket 2 to generate a sufficient eddy current.
Heater efficiency is increased. At the same time, a radially flowing airflow is generated around the high-speed rotating permanent magnet 7, but the heat insulation layer 5 provided on the surface of the water jacket 2 facing the permanent magnets causes air cooling of the water jacket 2 by the radial airflow. Is prevented, so that the heat generation of the water jacket 2 is hardly affected. The heat generated by the water jacket 2 flows into the water inlet port 2a and flows out from the water outlet port 2b.
The heat is exchanged with the circulating water 10 as the heat medium fluid inside, and the heated circulating water is supplied to the heating of the vehicle by the heating circuit.

Next, in the magnet type heater shown in FIG. 2, a water jacket (conductor) 12 made of an eddy current material is non-rotated on the outer periphery of the drive shaft 1 via a bearing device 3 similarly to the one shown in FIG. And a permanent magnet rotating body 6 having a donut-shaped permanent magnet 7 which is opposed to the water jacket 12 with a slight gap therebetween, and which is integrally attached to the drive shaft 1. The conductor) 12 is constituted by a square pipe 12-1 having a spirally wound flow path, and the square pipe 1
A structure in which a back plate 4 made of the same material as in FIG. 1 is adhered to the outer wall opposite to the permanent magnet 7 of 2-1 and the heat medium fluid jacket 12 with the back plate is surrounded by the same heat insulating material layer 5 as in FIG. And The water jacket 12 is provided with a water inlet port 12a and a water outlet port 12b.

In the magnetic heater having the above structure, when the drive shaft 1 is driven by an engine or the like via the pulley 8, a permanent magnet rotating body 6 integrated with the drive shaft 1 is formed.
Is rotated, and the permanent magnet 7 is rotated, whereby a magnetic path formed between the water jacket (conductor) 12 made of an eddy current material is sheared, and slip heat is generated in the water jacket 12. At this time, an airflow radially flowing around the high-speed rotating permanent magnet 7 is generated, but the cooling of the water jacket 12 by the radial airflow is prevented by the heat insulating material layer 5 on the surface of the water jacket 12 facing the permanent magnet. Therefore, the water jacket 1 is combined with the heat insulation effect of the heat insulating material layer 5 on the other surface.
2 has little effect on the heat generation. The heat generated by the water jacket 12 is exchanged with the circulating water 10 as a heat medium fluid in the jacket 12 flowing into and out of the water inlet port 12a and flowing out of the water outlet port 12b. Will be used for heating.

The magnet type heater shown in FIG. 3 has substantially the same structure as that of the magnet type heater shown in FIG. 2 except that the water jacket has a donut shape. That is, a water jacket (conductor) 22 made of an eddy current material is non-rotatably supported on the outer periphery of the drive shaft 1 via the bearing device 3 and a heat insulating ring 3a made of ceramic, with a slight gap from the water jacket 22. A permanent magnet rotating body 6 having donut-shaped permanent magnets 7 arranged opposite to each other is integrally attached to the drive shaft 1, and the water jacket (conductor) 22 is surrounded by the same heat insulating material layer 5 as in FIG. Structure. Accordingly, in the case of this magnet type heater, similarly to the heater shown in FIG. 2, when the drive shaft 1 is driven by an engine or the like via the pulley 8, the permanent magnet rotor 6 integrated with the drive shaft 1 is formed.
Is rotated, and the permanent magnet 7 is rotated, whereby a magnetic path formed between the water jacket (conductor) 22 made of an eddy current material is sheared, and slip heat is generated in the water jacket 22. At this time, an airflow radially flowing around the high-speed rotating permanent magnet 7 is generated, but the cooling of the water jacket 22 by the radial airflow is prevented by the heat-insulating material layer 5 on the surface facing the permanent magnet of the water jacket 22. Is done. The heat generated by the water jacket 22 is exchanged with the circulating water 10 serving as a heat medium fluid in the jacket 22 flowing into and out of the water inlet port 22a and flowing out of the water outlet port 22b. Will be used for heating.

Each of the magnet type heaters shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 has a single structure in which a permanent magnet rotating body is opposed to only one side of a water jacket, but the magnet type heater shown in FIG. Has a double structure in which permanent magnet rotating bodies are arranged on both sides of a water jacket to face each other, and the structure is such that a water jacket (conductor) 3
2 is supported non-rotatably, and this water jacket 32
A permanent magnet rotating body 6 having doughnut-shaped permanent magnets 7 disposed on both sides of the jacket and opposed to the jacket with a slight gap therebetween is attached to the drive shaft 1 respectively.
Of these, one permanent magnet rotating body 6 is fixed to the drive shaft 1 by a fastening bolt 19, and the other permanent magnet rotating body 6 is fixed to the drive shaft 1 by a key (not shown) or the like. The donut-shaped permanent magnets 7 are respectively mounted via yokes 7a. The water jacket 32 is provided with a water inlet port 32a and a water outlet port 32b. In the figure, reference numeral 11 denotes a ring-shaped spacer.

When the drive shaft 1 is driven by an engine or the like via the pulley 8 in the magnet heater having the above-described structure, the permanent magnet rotating bodies 6 on both sides of the drive shaft 1 and the integral structure are rotated, and the respective permanent magnet rotors 6 are rotated. When the magnet 7 rotates, the magnetic path formed between the magnet 7 and the water jacket (conductor) 32 made of eddy current material is sheared, and slip heat is generated in the water jacket 32. In this case, the permanent magnets 7 are provided on both sides of the water jacket 32.
, A strong magnetic field is formed between the water jacket 32 and the permanent magnets 7 on both sides of the water jacket 32, and a sufficient eddy current is generated in the water jacket 32. At this time, a radially flowing air flow is generated around the high-speed rotating permanent magnet 7, but the air-cooling of the water jacket 32 by the radial air flow is performed by the heat insulating material layers 5 on the permanent magnet side facing surfaces on both sides of the water jacket 32. Is prevented. The heat generated by the water jacket 32 is exchanged with the circulating water 10 as a fluid for a heat medium in the jacket 32 flowing into and out of the water inlet port 32a and flowing out of the water outlet port 32b. Will be used for heating.

In each of the above embodiments, an example was described in which a slight gap was provided between the heat insulating material layer 5 and the permanent magnet 7. However, if the heat insulating material is formed of a wear resistant and low friction material. It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the fluid is in rotational contact with the permanent magnet 7, and water is used as the heat medium fluid. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other heat medium fluids such as heat medium oil, silicon oil, or Air can also be adopted.

[0024]

As described above, the magnet type heater according to the present invention has a slip generated in the conductor by rotating a conductor such as a permanent magnet or a thermal ferrite relative to a conductor made of an eddy current material or a hysteresis material. Since the heat is used while preventing heat radiation by insulating the heat from the radial air flow, the structure can be simplified, miniaturization and cost reduction can be realized, high heat generation efficiency can be obtained, and wear In addition to the effect that higher reliability and safety can be secured by a non-contact type mechanism, when the engine is cold, rapid heating is required, for example, the magnet side or conductor side is driven by the engine etc. The excellent effect that the engine cooling water can be quickly warmed and the engine heating function can be significantly improved A. Therefore, the present invention exerts an excellent effect as an auxiliary heater capable of heating the heat medium fluid to a high temperature in a shorter time and more efficiently, and is extremely effective particularly in a cold district vehicle equipped with a diesel engine.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing an embodiment of a magnet type heater according to claim 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional side view showing an embodiment of a magnet type heater according to the second aspect.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional side view showing another embodiment of the magnet type heater according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing an embodiment of a magnet type heater according to the third aspect.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Drive shaft 2, 12, 22, 32 Water jacket 3 Bearing device 4 Back plate 5 Heat insulation material layer 6 Permanent magnet rotating body 7 Permanent magnet 8 Pulley 9, 19 Fastening bolt 10 Circulating water 11 Spacer

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A method for heating a heat medium fluid by slip heat generated in a conductor by relatively arranging a magnet and a conductor with a slight gap therebetween and rotating the magnet and the conductor relatively. The conductor serves as a heat medium fluid jacket, is non-rotatably supported on the drive shaft via a bearing device, is rotatably provided by the drive shaft, and faces the heat medium fluid jacket with a slight gap therebetween. A permanent magnet rotator having a permanent magnet formed therein, and a back plate on an inner wall of the heat medium fluid jacket facing the permanent magnet, and at least a surface of the heat medium fluid jacket facing the permanent magnet. A heat insulating fluid layer, wherein the heat medium fluid in the heat medium fluid jacket is heated by slip heat generated in the heat medium fluid jacket due to the rotation of the permanent magnet rotor. Magnet type heater characterized by being made. 2. A method of heating a heat medium fluid by slip heat generated in a conductor by relatively arranging a magnet and a conductor with a slight gap therebetween and rotating the magnet and the conductor relatively. The conductor serves as a heat medium fluid jacket, is non-rotatably supported on the drive shaft via a bearing device, is rotatably provided by the drive shaft, and faces the heat medium fluid jacket with a slight gap therebetween. And a back plate on an outer wall surface of the heat medium fluid jacket opposite to the permanent magnet side, wherein the heat medium fluid jacket with the back plate is surrounded by a heat insulating material. The heat medium fluid in the heat medium fluid jacket is heated by slip heat generated in the heat medium fluid jacket due to the rotation of the permanent magnet rotating body. Magnet type heater characterized by being made. 3. A method for heating a heat medium fluid by slip heat generated in a conductor by relatively arranging a magnet and a conductor with a slight gap therebetween and rotating the magnet and the conductor relatively. The conductor is formed as a heat medium fluid jacket, and the jacket is surrounded by a heat insulating material. The heat medium is provided non-rotatably on a drive shaft via a bearing device, and is rotatably provided by the drive shaft. A permanent magnet rotating body having permanent magnets arranged on both sides of the fluid jacket facing each other with a slight gap therebetween is provided between the permanent magnet rotating bodies by rotation of the pair of left and right permanent magnet rotating bodies. A magnet wherein the heat medium fluid in the heat medium fluid jacket is heated by slip heat generated in the non-rotating heat medium fluid jacket disposed therein. Type heater. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein a thermal ferrite is used in place of the permanent magnet.
Magnetic heater according to the item. 5. The magnet type heater according to claim 1, wherein an eddy current material or a hysteresis material is used for the conductor. 6. The heat insulating material is made of a wear-resistant and low-friction material,
The magnet type heater according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the heater is rotatable in contact with the permanent magnet.