JP4015575B2 - Speed change mechanism in sludge scraper - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a sludge scraping machine, and in particular, a sludge scraping device that moves along the bottom of the tank and scrapes the sludge, and reliably moves the moving speed with a simple mechanism by moving forward and backward. The present invention relates to a sludge scraping machine that improves the scraping efficiency.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, a sludge scraping machine (including a sand sinking machine and a dust removing machine for sedimentation, and simply referred to as “sludge scraping machine” in this specification) is one end. In the sewage treatment tank 1 having a sludge pit P for collecting and temporarily storing sludge that has settled on the sewage, a peristaltic movement that combines reciprocating movement and raising and lowering movement is performed along the tank bottom 11 of the sewage treatment tank. There has been proposed a sludge scraping machine configured to suspend and support a sludge scraping apparatus adapted to be scraped by a drive device installed on the water surface.
By the way, the sludge scraping machine that reciprocates by the pin rack type scrapes the sludge scraping device having a large number of flights F at a constant pitch in the lower part, and the sludge settled on the tank bottom moves to the sludge pit P side by the movement of the flight. Sometimes it is lowered along the tank bottom 11 to move forward at a low speed, and when it moves backward, the flight F is lifted so as not to approach the tank bottom, and a predetermined fixed stroke is set so as to move backward along the tank bottom 11 at a high speed. I am going to move forward and backward.
[0003]
In addition, when the sludge is scraped, the sludge scraping device is also loaded with sludge, and the sludge is moved at a low speed so that the sludge on the bottom 11 of the tank is prevented from flying up in the flight. During the retreat, the load applied to the sludge scraping device becomes no load or low load, and further, the retreat time is shortened and the sludge scraping efficiency is improved, so that the sludge scraping apparatus is retreated at a higher speed than the scraping.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in order to improve the sludge scraping efficiency, the conventional reciprocating sludge scraping machine switches the motor M of the drive device between high speed and low speed so that the sludge scraping device moves at low speed when moving forward and at high speed when moving backward. The position of the driving device 5 is detected by position detection sensors S1 and S2 arranged at two positions, and this position detection signal is input to the inverter and controlled by changing the frequency, along the guide rail G. The rotational speed of the pinion PW meshed with the arranged pin rack PL is controlled to selectively switch the driving speed from low speed to high speed or from low speed to high speed.
[0005]
For this reason, since the high / low speed switching at the time of forward and backward movement of the sludge scraper is performed by the position detection sensor and the motor with the inverter, the life of the sludge scraper greatly depends on the usage environment due to the characteristics of the inverter. Equipment to maintain a certain environment is required, electrical equipment and sensors for speed control are many, electrical circuits and equipment are complicated, and the number of parts is increased to extend the life of the inverter, etc. Therefore, there is a problem that the equipment cost becomes expensive.
[0006]
In view of the problems of the conventional sludge scraper, the present invention does not use a sensor or an inverter, and switches the driving speed between the forward and backward of the sludge scraper at a preset fixed position. An object of the present invention is to provide a speed change mechanism in a sludge scraping machine that is mechanically performed so as to improve reliability and reduce equipment costs.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the speed change mechanism in the sludge scraper of the present invention uses a pin rack type drive device to convert the sludge scraping device that reciprocates along the bottom of the sewage treatment tank into a loop-shaped guide rail. A sludge scraping machine configured with a drive body driven by a motor so as to move around along a sludge, and configured to shift the drive body at a low speed in the forward direction for scraping sludge and at a high speed in the return direction. In the above, a predetermined high-speed moving section of the sludge scraping device, a shift guide disposed along the high-speed movement direction of the loop-shaped guide rail, and abutting and sliding along the shift guide, that constitutes the driving device to drive while changing the speed ratio by a mechanical transmission mechanism comprising a gear shift lever which is arranged to retractably to the drive side of the drive of the sludge raking device as speed change operation Features.
[0008]
Since the speed change mechanism in the sludge scraping machine of the present invention shifts the high speed movement section of the sludge scraping apparatus by mechanically detecting and changing the speed ratio, the motor control is performed as in the past. In addition, since it is not necessary to perform electrical control and the speed can be changed while the motor is always driven at a constant speed, the reliability can be improved, the configuration can be simplified, and the cost of the apparatus can be reduced.
[0009]
And, a predetermined high-speed moving section of the sludge scraping device, a shift guide disposed along the high-speed movement direction of the loop-shaped guide rail, and abutting and sliding along the shift guide, By configuring the drive device so that it is driven by changing the gear ratio by a mechanical transmission mechanism comprising a shift operation lever arranged so as to be able to appear and retract on the drive body side of the drive device of the sludge scraper so that the speed change operation is performed. The section for moving the sludge scraping device at a high speed and the fine adjustment thereof can be easily performed only by adjusting the installation position of the speed change guide, and can also be easily applied to the existing sludge scraping machine. .
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a speed change mechanism in a sludge scraper of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0011]
1 to 5 show a sludge scraping machine A of the present invention installed in a sewage treatment tank 1 such as a sludge settling basin or a sand basin.
[0012]
In the sewage treatment tank 1, sewage is introduced from one end side thereof, and a sludge pit P is provided at the bottom of the sewage supply side, and the sludge collected in the sludge pit P is provided in the sludge pit P. The sludge withdrawing pipe 2 is drawn out of the sewage treatment tank 1 and discharged.
The tank bottom 11 of the sewage treatment tank 1 is preferably formed so as to be inclined so that the sludge settled on the tank bottom 11 easily flows into the sludge pit P so that the tank bottom on the sludge pit P side is lowered. To do.
[0013]
Further, in the sewage treatment tank 1, the position where the scum contained in the sewage introduced into the sewage treatment tank 1 is separated and floated, although not particularly limited, for example, near the center of the sewage treatment tank 1 The scum gap K is disposed on the surface of the water to discharge the scum floating on the water surface to the outside of the sewage treatment tank 1, and one or more outflow basins 3 are disposed on the water surface behind the scum gap K to settle the sludge. The treated sewage from which scum has been separated and separated is discharged out of the sewage treatment tank 1.
Furthermore, in the sewage treatment tank 1, a sludge scraper A for collecting the sludge settled on the tank bottom 11 and collecting the sludge in the sludge pit P is disposed.
[0014]
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the sludge scraping machine A includes a sludge scraping device 4 that scrapes the sludge settled on the tank bottom 11 of the sewage treatment tank 1 by flight, and the sludge scraping apparatus. A body frame F on the surface of the water so that the apparatus 4 is suspended and supported so as to reciprocate along the longitudinal direction of the sewage treatment tank 1 with a predetermined stroke length L that is equal to or slightly larger than the flight pitch. And the driving device 5 installed in
[0015]
As shown in FIG. 1, the sludge scraping device 4 has a tank bottom 11 extending substantially over the entire length of the tank bottom 11 of the sewage treatment tank 1, for example, the tank bottom 11 excluding the sludge pit P and the stroke length L. The two beams 41 are arranged in parallel so as to have a predetermined interval in the width direction, and the flights 42 for scraping the settled sludge in one direction so as to span between the two beams 41 are arranged at a predetermined interval. A large number are constructed.
The beam 41 of the sludge scraping device 4 is not particularly limited. For example, the front portion of the beam 41 is suspended from the drive device 5 so that the flight 42 does not slide on the tank bottom 11. While supporting the suspension via the rod 43 (or the suspension rod arranged in an inverted V shape), the rear portion is supported by a moving body 44 that is adapted to move in contact with the tank bottom 11; Further, the drive device 5 is driven to move following the forward / backward movement of the front portion.
[0016]
When the beam 41 is moved forward in the sludge scraping direction by the driving device 5, the flight 42 on the lower surface of the beam 41 is in contact with the tank bottom 11 or a slight gap from the tank bottom 11, specifically about 10 mm. It moves with a gap, so that the settled sludge is scraped but does not come into direct contact with the tank bottom, and when moving backward in the opposite direction, it is lifted from the tank bottom 11 by a predetermined height H and settled. The sludge is configured to move away from the tank bottom 11 so as not to push it back.
As shown in FIG. 6, the lifting height H is determined by the distance H between the upper guide rail 51a and the lower guide rail 51b of the loop-shaped guide rail 5A.
[0017]
In addition, when the sludge scraping device 4 is driven forward by the drive device 5, a load is applied and the sludge scraping device 4 is slowed so that the precipitated sludge does not float in a delusion and the scraping is not overloaded. When moving backward, the sludge scraping device 4 is positioned above the settled sludge surface so that it is lightly loaded or unloaded and moved at high speed so as to move at high speed. The section HS is set. Thereby, the enlargement of the apparatus can be prevented and power loss can be eliminated.
The sludge scraping device 4 can be switched between high speed and low speed by moving forward and backward, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, according to the moving direction of the drive device 5, a mechanical transmission mechanism provided on the drive device 5 side. Can be done automatically and mechanically.
[0018]
As a result, the amount of sludge that settles is large, and further, the sludge scraping device 4 can scrape the sludge, preventing the sludge from pushing back, and the reciprocating movement of the beam 41 of the sludge scraping device 4 on which a large amount of sludge accumulates. Thus, the sludge that has settled down to the sludge pit side can be reliably and stably carried out with less power loss.
[0019]
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the driving device 5 includes a loop-shaped guide rail 5 </ b> A attached to the main body frame F installed in front of the central portion of the sewage treatment tank 1, that is, on the water surface on the sludge pit P side. The driving body 5B is driven by a motor so as to move around along the guide rail 5A.
The loop-shaped guide rail 5A is configured by disposing a pin rack 52 at an intermediate position between the upper guide rail 51a and the lower guide rail 51b, which are flat loops, and horizontally in the longitudinal direction of the guide rail 5A. The distance between both ends of the guide rail 5A is set to a stroke length L in which the drive device 5 reciprocates, and the total length of the pin rack 52 is set slightly shorter than the stroke length L.
The driving body 5B includes a motor M, and a transmission 53 and a reduction gear 54 driven by the motor. The reduction gear 54 is driven by the reduction gear 54 and the pin rack 52 is driven. The transmission 53 is provided with a shift operation lever 56 for selectively switching the driving body 5B between high speed driving and low speed driving.
[0020]
The transmission 53 has a configuration in which the motor M rotates at a constant speed, but the pinion 55 can be selectively switched between a preset high speed and a low speed, but the configuration is not particularly limited. .
The switching between the high speed and the low speed is performed by a mechanical speed change mechanism constituted by a speed change operation lever 56 projecting from the transmission 53 so as to be able to project and retract and a speed change guide 57. The structure of the speed change lever 56 is not particularly limited. For example, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the roller 56R can be rotated at the end of the lever so as to be in contact with the speed change guide 57 and easily slide. Thus, it is configured to abut on the shift guide 57 and to protrude as long as it is not pressed. As shown in FIG. 4, a spring 56S is attached to the speed change lever 56, and when the roller 56R at the end of the lever comes into contact with the speed change guide 57 and is pressed, the spring 56S is bent by the speed change guide 57. When the speed change lever 56 is pushed in or pushed down, the transmission 53 is switched from a low speed to a high speed, and when the roller 56R at the end of the lever is released from being pressed by the speed change guide 57, the spring 56S is released. The shift operation lever 56 is returned by the generated force so that it can be mechanically switched from a high speed to a low speed.
[0021]
As shown in FIG. 2, the speed change guide 57 has a bar shape having a length of a high speed moving section HS that moves at a high speed of the sludge scraping device 4, and the both end portions thereof can be switched between high and low speeds of the transmission. The shift operation lever 56 has a step W so that the shift operation lever 56 moves in and out, that is, has a stroke necessary for the operation of the shift operation lever 56 and is inclined so that the roller 56R attached to the end of the lever can easily slide and move. A surface.
As a result, a predetermined speed can be obtained by changing the gear ratio of the transmission 53 while keeping the motor rotation speed constant. As a result, the section for moving the sludge scraping device at high speed and its fine adjustment can be easily adjusted only by adjusting the installation position of the speed change guide, and can be easily applied to existing sludge scraping machines. Can do.
As shown in FIG. 2, if the speed change guide 57 is arranged so as to be parallel to the movement trajectory of the drive device 5 moving along the guide rail 5A and can come into contact with the speed change operation lever 56, The guide rail 5A may be disposed at a position above the guide rail 5A, or may be disposed at a side position of the guide rail as shown in FIG. 5, and the arrangement position is not particularly limited.
FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the drive unit provided with the mechanical transmission mechanism. The high-speed guide 57a and the low-speed guide 57b are arranged at different positions at the side positions of the guide rail. The gear shifting operation lever 56 is slidable horizontally, and the gear shifting operation lever 56 is provided with rollers 56R and 56R at the tip thereof, and either one of the rollers 56R is selectively used for high speed. By making contact with the guide 57a or the low speed guide 57b, the shift operation lever 56 is moved in the horizontal direction to switch between high speed and low speed.
[0022]
The sludge scraper A equipped with a pin rack type driving device is suspended and supported by a driving device installed on the water surface when the pinion 55 rotates around the pin rack 52 by being guided by the loop guide rail 5A. The sludge scraping device is caused to perform a peristaltic movement that combines the reciprocating movement along the tank bottom 11 of the sewage treatment tank and the lifting and lowering action, and scrapes the sludge. At this time, in order to scrape sludge efficiently, the operation speed is switched between scraping and reverse, but this speed switching is performed by a mechanical transmission mechanism. There is no need to control, and the speed can be changed while the motor is always driven at a constant speed, so that the reliability can be improved. Further, the configuration is simplified and the cost of the apparatus can be reduced.
[0023]
As mentioned above, although the speed change mechanism in the sludge scraper of the present invention has been described based on the embodiment thereof, the present invention is not limited to the configuration described in the above embodiment. In addition to the method of pushing directly with this speed change guide, the rotational component of the shaft attached to the tip of the tilt bar with roller provided separately from the speed change lever is transmitted to the ball screw attached to the rod with a large gear. The structure can be changed as appropriate without departing from the scope of the invention.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
According to the speed change mechanism in the sludge scraping machine of the present invention, since the high speed moving section of the sludge scraping device is mechanically detected and changed by changing the speed ratio, The control is not required to be electrically controlled, and the speed can be changed while the motor is always driven at a constant speed. Therefore, the reliability can be improved, the configuration can be simplified, and the cost of the apparatus can be reduced.
[0025]
And, a predetermined high-speed moving section of the sludge scraping device, a shift guide disposed along the high-speed movement direction of the loop-shaped guide rail, and abutting and sliding along the shift guide, By configuring the drive device so that it is driven by changing the gear ratio by a mechanical transmission mechanism comprising a shift operation lever arranged so as to be able to appear and retract on the drive body side of the drive device of the sludge scraper so that the speed change operation is performed. The section for moving the sludge scraping device at a high speed and the fine adjustment thereof can be easily performed only by adjusting the installation position of the speed change guide, and can also be easily applied to the existing sludge scraping machine. .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal front view showing an embodiment in which a speed change mechanism in a sludge scraper of the present invention is installed in a sewage treatment tank.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a drive unit provided with a mechanical transmission mechanism.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a drive unit.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a tip portion of a speed change operation lever.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of a different embodiment of a drive unit provided with a mechanical transmission mechanism.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a pin rack type driving device.
[Explanation of symbols]
A Sludge scraper 1 Sewage treatment tank 4 Sludge scraper 5 Drive unit 5A Loop-shaped guide rail 5B Driver 52 Pin rack 53 Transmission 54 Reducer 55 Pinion 56 Shifting operation lever 57 Shifting guide

Claims (1)

The sludge scraping device that reciprocates along the tank bottom of the sewage treatment tank is constituted by a drive body driven by a motor so as to move around along a loop-shaped guide rail by a pin rack type driving device , the該駆body, the forward direction to scrape the sludge at a low speed, in the configuration sludge raking machine to shift moves the return direction at a high speed, a high-speed movement section of a predetermined sludge raking device, like the loop Shift guide arranged along the direction of high-speed movement of the guide rail, and it can come and go on the drive body side of the drive unit of the sludge scraper so that it abuts and slides along the shift guide and is operated to change gears. transmission mechanism in the sludge raking device, characterized in that to constitute a driving device to drive while changing the speed ratio by arranged the consisting of speed change operation lever mechanical transmission mechanism.

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