JP4014503B2 - Gap device and voltage holding device for electric fence using the same - Google Patents

Description

【００３３】
実験１は、図１に示す位置ａに湿った木の枝を接触させた場合、実験２は位置ａ、ｂ、ｃに同時に木の枝を接触させた場合、実験３は位置ａに雑草を接触させた場合、実験４は位置ｅで接地させた場合である。
実験１〜３のいずれの場合も、実施例の場合は電圧の降下がみられず、従来例では電圧が降下した。実施例の場合に、導電線１４と木の枝や雑草とが接触した部位で小さな火花が見られたのは、導電線１４が高電圧に保持されているためである。従来例の場合は、導電線１４が電圧降下してしまっているために、導電線１４と木の枝等との接触部分に火花は見られない。このことからも、本実施例の場合は導電線１４が木の枝や雑草が導電線１４に接触しても高電圧を保持していることがわかる。
【００３４】
なお、これらの実験は、晴天、雨、霧雨、霧、早朝結露といったいろいろな気象条件の場合に行ったものである。いずれの場合も、本実施例の電気柵１０は天候に関わりなく導電線１４の電圧降下はみられず、一方、従来の電気柵では、雨、霧雨、霧、早朝結露の場合には導電線１４は電圧降下した。
【００３５】
【発明の効果】
本発明による電圧保持装置によれば、上述したように、電源装置と導電線との間に、放電により電圧を印加するギャップ器具を設けたことにより、導電線の漏電を防ぎ、導電線の電圧を一定に保つことができる等の著効を奏する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明にかかる電圧保持装置の一実施形態である電気柵の構成を示す概略図である。
【図２】図１に示す電気柵の電源装置を主に示す部分拡大図である。
【図３】図１に示す電気柵のギャップ器具の構成を示す透過斜視図である。
【図４】第１の端子と第２の端子の配置を示す説明図である。
【図５】従来の電気柵の構成を示す概略図である。
【符号の説明】
１０ 電気柵
１２ 電源装置
１４ 導電線
１４ａ 裸銅線
１６ ギャップ器具
１８ 電源部
２０ 制御部
２２ 高電圧部
２７ コイル
２８ 第１の端子
３０ 第２の端子
３２ 保持部材
３２ａ 凸部
３２ｂ、３２ｂ ペットボトル片
３２ｃ 胴部
３４ 内部空間
３６ 入力線
３８ 出力線[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a gap device that holds a voltage value of a conductive wire used for an electric fence substantially constant and an electric fence voltage holding device using the gap apparatus .
[0002]
[Prior art]
The electric fence is used to prevent a wild animal from entering the field by stretching a conductive wire to which a certain voltage is applied around the field. FIG. 5 shows an example of a conventionally used electric fence. The electric fence 100 shown in FIG. 5 arranges the conductive wire 14 so as to surround the field, and when a high voltage is applied to the conductive wire 14 by the power supply device 12, the animal comes into contact with the conductive wire 14. The animal is given an electric shock to prevent the invasion of the animal. Reference numeral 24 denotes a pile arranged at a predetermined interval to support the conductive wire 14, and 26 denotes an insulator for electrically insulating and supporting the conductive wire 14 on the pile 24.
[0003]
Thus, by electrically insulating and supporting the conductive wire 14 on the pile 24, the conductive wire 14 is insulated from the ground, and the high voltage applied by the power supply device 12 is constantly maintained. Yes. However, since the conductive wire 14 is installed outdoors, the high voltage is not maintained due to leakage from the conductive wire 14 on a rainy or foggy day, and the grass and tree branches come into contact with the conductive wire 14. This also causes electric leakage from the conductive wire 14 to the ground, and the conductive wire 14 cannot maintain a required high voltage. A conventional electric fence has been proposed in which a rain sensor is attached to a power supply device, and the power supply device is controlled to be turned off when rain is detected (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
No. 00/18224 gazette
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, the conventional electric fence has a major problem that it does not perform its original function due to weather conditions such as rain or fog, or due to natural conditions such as grass or tree branches contacting the conductive wire 14. is there.
Wild animals sometimes invade anywhere, so it is a big flaw as a defense fence if they can't defend against wild animals in the rain or fog. Also, since grass and trees grow naturally, it often happens that the grass and tree branches grow before they contact the conductive wire 14 without knowing it. For this reason, looking around the electric fence, the grass and the branches of the grass are cut away so that the conductive wires 14 do not come into contact with the grass. However, it takes a lot of work to perform such work on electric fences installed over a wide area.
[0006]
Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve these problems, and the object of the present invention is to always generate a constant high voltage even when external conditions such as natural conditions fluctuate. It is in providing the gap apparatus which can be applied to the conductive wire of a fence, and the voltage holding | maintenance apparatus for electric fences using the same .
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has the following configuration in order to achieve the above object.
That is, a gap device for holding a conductive wire of an electric fence at a predetermined voltage, the gap device having a first terminal whose one end is electrically connected to the power supply device and one end electrically connected to the conductive wire. And a holding member that holds the first terminal and the second terminal , and the holding member has a convex portion that is convex inward at the bottom. The inside of the two plastic bottle pieces cut out from the bottom of the plastic bottle face each other, the opposite bottoms are bonded in the circumferential direction, and the inside surrounded by the convex part is sealed airtight and watertight from the outside A space is formed , and the first terminal and the second terminal are inserted from the top of the convex portion into the internal space in a state where the front ends thereof are opposed to each other and separated from each other. Gap device It is.
[0008]
Further, another invention is an electric fence voltage holding device for holding a conductive wire of an electric fence at a predetermined voltage, wherein the gap device is disposed between the conductive wire and a power supply device. This is a voltage holding device for an electric fence.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Preferred embodiments of a voltage holding device according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of an electric fence which is an embodiment of a voltage holding device according to the present invention. The illustrated electric fence 10 is provided between a power supply device 12 that generates a DC high voltage, a conductive wire 14 to which the high voltage generated by the power supply device 12 is applied, and between the power supply device 12 and the conductive wire 14. 14 and a gap device 16 that controls the voltage applied to 14 and holds the voltage value of the conductive wire 14.
[0010]
As in the case of the conventional electric fence shown in FIG. 5, the conductive wire 14 is erected along a position where the conductive wire 14 such as Tabata is stretched, and is passed through an insulator 26 attached to the pile 24. Install. A high voltage is applied to the conductive wire 14 by electrically connecting the high voltage side of the power supply device 12 to one end side of the conductive wire 14. The insulator 26 is for electrically insulating the conductive wire 14 and supporting it on the pile 24. In the present embodiment, a plastic bottle is used as the insulator 26 and the conductive wire 14 is supported on the plastic bottle after the plastic bottle is fixed to the pile 24. Since PET bottles are lightweight, have excellent electrical insulation properties, and are obtained in large quantities as waste, they can be suitably used as the insulator 26 of the electric fence 10 installed in a wide range.
[0011]
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an enlarged configuration of the power supply device 12 shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, the power supply device 12 of the present embodiment includes a power supply unit 18 that generates a low-voltage DC voltage such as a battery (for example, 12V), an oscillation circuit, a transformer, and a rectifier circuit. For example, it is composed of a high voltage unit 22 that boosts the voltage to 8000 to 10000 V and a current of 100 μA, and a control unit 20 that controls application time, applied current, and the like when applying the high voltage to the conductive wire 14.
The negative terminal of the high voltage unit 22 for applying a high voltage is grounded by the ground wire 25, and the positive terminal is connected to the gap device 16 via the input line 36.
[0012]
In addition, in order to protect the control part 20 and the high voltage part 22 from a wind and rain, in this embodiment, the control part 20 and the high voltage part 22 are each accommodated in the inside of a PET bottle. By inserting a support rod into the mouth of the PET bottle and projecting the support rod against the ground so that the bottom of the PET bottle is vertically upward, the PET bottle is accommodated while the control unit 20 and the high voltage unit 22 are accommodated. It can be supported to stand.
[0013]
FIG. 3 is a transparent perspective view showing the configuration of the gap device 16 that is electrically connected to the power supply device 12 by the input line 36.
The gap device 16 of the present embodiment is provided between the power supply device 12 and the conductive wire 14, and when the potential of the conductive wire 14 drops from a predetermined potential (high voltage) to a potential below a certain level. The power supply device 12 is provided so as to supply electricity to the conductive wire 14 so that the conductive wire 14 functions to maintain a predetermined potential (high voltage).
The gap device 16 includes a first terminal 28 whose one end is electrically connected to the power supply device 12 and a second terminal 30 whose one end is electrically connected to the conductive wire 14. The first terminal 28 and the second terminal 30 are supported by the holding member 32 in a state in which the tip portions thereof face each other and are separated by a predetermined distance.
[0014]
In the present embodiment, the first terminal 28 and the second terminal 30 are formed of a metal rod-shaped body formed in a thin nail shape. Threads 28a and 30a are provided at the distal end sides of the first terminal 28 and the second terminal 30, and an input line 36 connected to the power supply device 12 is connected to one end of the first terminal 28. An output line 38 connected to the conductive line 14 is connected to one end of the second terminal 30.
[0015]
The holding member 32 that supports the first terminal 28 and the second terminal 30 can be formed by combining PET (PET: polyethylene terephthalate) bottles.
That is, the holding member 32 is formed by cutting the bottom side from two PET bottles each having a convex portion 32a that is convex on the inside, and bonding the cut PET bottle pieces 32b and 32b with the bottom portions facing each other. Formed. By abutting and bonding the bottom portions of the two PET bottle pieces 32b and 32b, an inner region surrounded by the convex portions 32a and 32a becomes a space portion between the bottom portions of the PET bottle pieces 32b and 32b. And the interior space 34 enclosed by the convex parts 32a and 32a is airtightly and watertightly sealed from the exterior by adhere | attaching the bottom part of the PET bottle pieces 32b and 32b completely in the circumferential direction.
[0016]
The first terminal 28 and the second terminal 30 are inserted and supported from the tops of the respective protrusions 32a and 32a toward the internal space 34. Since the threads 28a, 30a are provided on the distal ends of the first terminal 28 and the second terminal 30, the threads 28a of the first terminal 28 and the second terminal 30 are formed on the protrusions 32a, 32a. , 30a is provided so that the first terminal 28 and the second terminal 30 can be screwed in according to the degree of screwing of the first terminal 28 and the second terminal 30 into the convex portions 32a, 32a. The distance (gap) between the tips can be adjusted.
[0017]
In FIG. 4, the state which screwed the 1st terminal 28 and the 2nd terminal 30 into the convex parts 32a and 32a is shown expanded. The convex portions 32a, 32b of the plastic bottle pieces 32b, 32b are abutted and bonded to form an internal space 34, and the convex portions so that the axial directions of the first terminal 28 and the second terminal 30 coincide. It shows that it is supported by 32a and 32a. The distance (gap) between the tips of the first terminal 28 and the second terminal 30 is for causing an action of supplying electricity from the power supply device 12 to the conductive wire 14 by causing a discharge between these terminals. It is set appropriately according to the discharge voltage. Usually, the gap interval is set to about 1 mm to 10 mm.
[0018]
The holding member 32 of the present embodiment is formed so as to cover the periphery of the first terminal 28 and the second terminal 30 by the body portions 32c and 32c of the PET bottle pieces 32b and 32b. The trunk portions 32c and 32c are provided to protect water droplets from entering the holding member 32 even on rainy or foggy days, and water droplets adhere to the first terminal 28 and the second terminal 30. Thus, it has an effect of preventing electric leakage. Although the length of the trunk | drum 32c should just be set suitably, in this embodiment, the length of the trunk | drum 32c is about 5 cm.
[0019]
In this embodiment, the holding member 32 is formed using a plastic bottle. However, instead of using an existing plastic bottle, a dedicated product is manufactured and used as the holding member 32 used for the gap device 16. May be. Commercially available PET bottles can be obtained in large quantities, are electrically excellent insulators, and can be easily used for the holding member 32 of the gap device 16 because they can be easily assembled and detached. Can do.
[0020]
The output line 38 connected to the second terminal 30 of the gap device 16 is connected to the conductive line 14 via the coil 27. The coil 27 is provided to generate a back electromotive force when the voltage of the conductive wire 14 instantaneously drops and to suppress the voltage drop of the conductive wire 14.
[0021]
Next, the effect | action of the electric fence 10 of this embodiment is demonstrated. The electric fence 10 of this embodiment is not applying a high voltage directly to the conductive wire 14 as in the conventional electric fence 100 shown in FIG. 5, but is applied to the conductive wire 14 via the gap device 16. As a result, the following characteristic actions are exhibited.
First, the power supply voltage of the power supply unit 18 is boosted to a high voltage by the high voltage unit 22, and a high voltage is applied to the first terminal 28 of the gap device 16. In the gap device 16, the first terminal 28 and the second terminal 30 are arranged with their tips apart from each other, so that a potential difference occurs between the tips of the first terminal 28 and the second terminal 30. A discharge action occurs between these terminals.
[0022]
Since the conductive wire 14 is initially at a low potential (close to the ground potential), when a high voltage is applied to the first terminal 28, it is between the first terminal 28 and the second terminal 30. Due to the generated potential difference, a discharge (spark) occurs between the first terminal 28 and the second terminal 30, and the potential of the second terminal 30 gradually approaches the potential of the first terminal 28. When the potentials of the terminal 28 and the second terminal 30 become substantially equal, the discharge stops. Actually, since the gap interval between the first terminal 28 and the second terminal 30 defines the discharge potential difference, when the potential difference between the first terminal 28 and the second terminal 30 is equal to or less than the discharge potential difference, During this time, the discharge action stops. Thus, the second terminal 30 becomes a high voltage, and the conductive line 14 electrically connected to the second terminal 30 becomes a high voltage state.
[0023]
Here, in the case where a wild animal comes into contact with the conductive wire 14, since the animal is a good conductor, when the animal comes into contact with the conductive wire 14 held at a high voltage, a high-voltage current is passed through the animal to the ground side. The electric shock is applied to the animal.
Further, when a grass or tree branch comes into contact with the conductive wire 14 and an electric leakage occurs from the grass or tree branch to the ground side, and the potential of the conductive wire 14 gradually decreases, or from the conductive wire 14 due to rain, fog, or the like. Considering the case where the potential of the conductive wire 14 is lowered due to electric leakage in the air, the potential of the second terminal 30 is also lowered along with the conductive wire 14 at this time, and the potential between the first terminal 28 and the second terminal 30 is reduced. When a potential difference equal to or greater than the discharge voltage is generated, a gap device 16 is provided so that a discharge is generated between the first terminal 28 and the second terminal 30 and the potential of the second terminal 30 (conductive wire 14) is prevented from decreasing. Begins to act.
[0024]
As described above, when the potential difference is generated between the first terminal 28 and the second terminal 30, the gap device 16 causes discharge between the first terminal 28 and the second terminal 30. This is an action to try to eliminate the potential difference with the terminal 30 of the second. That is, when there is a gradual electric leakage from the conductive wire 14, power is supplied from the power supply device 12 side via the gap device 16, and the electric potential of the conductive wire 14 is complemented so as not to decrease. It is possible to suppress a decrease in the potential of 14.
[0025]
At the same time as the gap device 16 causes discharge between the first terminal 28 and the second terminal 30 so as to align the potential of the conductive wire 14 with the potential (high voltage) of the first terminal 28. The power supply device 12 and the conductive wire 14 are also placed in a spatially separated state. That is, the power supply device 12 and the conductive wire 14 are in a relationship in which electrical power is supplied only by the discharge action, and are normally in an electrically separated state (disconnected state). Therefore, in the electric fence of this embodiment, even when the electric leakage is caused from the conductive wire 14, there is an advantage that the amount of electric leakage is suppressed as compared with the case where the power supply device 12 is directly connected to the conductive wire 14 as in the past. is there.
[0026]
In the electric fence of the present embodiment, the electric power is only intermittently supplied to the conductive wire 14 via the gap device 16, so that it is possible to prevent the power supply device 12 from being consumed, Along with the suppression of the leakage amount of the conductive wire 14, it is possible to effectively prevent the potential of the conductive wire 14 from dropping.
[0027]
When the gap between the first terminal 28 and the second terminal 30 is narrow, a slight potential difference is generated, so that frequent discharge occurs and the power supply unit 18 is quickly consumed. Therefore, it is not a good idea to make the gap interval between the first terminal 28 and the second terminal 30 too small. On the other hand, if the gap interval between the first terminal 28 and the second terminal 30 is widened, the discharge does not occur unless a large potential difference occurs between the first terminal 28 and the second terminal 30. However, it is possible to avoid the consumption of the power supply unit 18, but the discharge occurs only when the potential of the conductive line 14 connected to the second terminal 30 is greatly lowered, and the conductive line 14 is always kept at a high voltage. The purpose cannot be achieved. Therefore, it is necessary to appropriately set the gap interval between the first terminal 28 and the second terminal 30 according to the voltage to be applied.
[0028]
In this way, the electric fence according to the present embodiment may cause an electric leakage when the electric wire 14 leaks due to weather conditions such as rain or fog, or when the electric wire 14 comes into contact with grass or a tree branch. Even in such a case, it is possible to prevent the voltage of the conductive wire 14 from dropping due to the action of the gap device 16, and it is possible to keep the conductive wire 14 at a high voltage all the time. Thus, it can be suitably used as an electric fence that prevents the invasion of wild animals. The voltage holding device according to the present invention is not limited to the electric fence, and can be suitably used when the conductive wire is constantly held at a constant high voltage.
[0029]
【Example】
Next, an example in which the voltage holding device according to the present invention is applied to an actual electric fence 10 will be described below in comparison with the operation of the conventional electric fence 100.
The electric fence 10 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1 uses a 12 V-80 mA << output >> battery as the power supply unit 18 and uses a transformer as the high voltage unit 22. Then, a 12 V power supply voltage generated by the power supply unit 18 is boosted to a high voltage of 7000 V to 10000 V-100 μA by a transformer and then applied to the gap device 16.
[0030]
Stainless steel nails were used for the first terminal 28 and the second terminal 30 of the gap device 16, and the gap L between the first terminal 28 and the second terminal 30 was set to 7 mm. The coil 27 is a 100 mH coil.
As the conductive wire 14, a bare copper wire 14a is stretched so that the installation distance d is about 200 m. The bare copper wire 14a was constructed by placing piles 24 attached with plastic bottles as insulators 26 at predetermined intervals and using plastic bottles.
[0031]
The voltage drop of the conductive wire 14 is compared between the case where the power supply device 12 is provided with the gap device 16 and the coil 27 (example) and the case where the gap device 16 and the coil 27 are removed (conventional example). The experiment was conducted.
Table 1 shows the experimental results. Experiments 1 to 4 show the results of testing the voltage drop of the conductive wire 14 by bringing a tree branch or weed into contact with the conductive wire 14. The voltage measurement was performed using a voltage detector capable of detecting a voltage of 7000 V to 10000 V.
[0032]
[Table 1]

[0033]
In Experiment 1, when a wet tree branch is brought into contact with the position a shown in FIG. 1, in Experiment 2, when a tree branch is brought into contact with the positions a, b, and c at the same time, in Experiment 3, weeds are placed at the position a. In the case of contact, Experiment 4 is a case of grounding at position e.
In any case of Experiments 1 to 3, no voltage drop was observed in the example, and the voltage dropped in the conventional example. In the case of the example, the small spark was seen at the part where the conductive wire 14 and the tree branches or weeds were in contact because the conductive wire 14 was held at a high voltage. In the case of the conventional example, since the voltage of the conductive wire 14 has dropped, no spark is seen at the contact portion between the conductive wire 14 and a tree branch or the like. This also shows that in the case of the present embodiment, the conductive wire 14 maintains a high voltage even when a tree branch or weed contacts the conductive wire 14.
[0034]
These experiments were conducted under various weather conditions such as fine weather, rain, drizzle, fog, and early morning dew condensation. In any case, the electric fence 10 of the present embodiment does not show a voltage drop of the conductive wire 14 regardless of the weather, whereas the conventional electric fence has a conductive wire in the case of rain, drizzle, fog, early morning dew condensation. 14 voltage dropped.
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
According to the voltage holding device of the present invention, as described above, by providing a gap device for applying a voltage by discharge between the power supply device and the conductive wire, the leakage of the conductive wire is prevented and the voltage of the conductive wire is reduced. It is possible to maintain a constant value.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a configuration of an electric fence which is an embodiment of a voltage holding device according to the present invention.
2 is a partial enlarged view mainly showing a power supply device of the electric fence shown in FIG. 1; FIG.
FIG. 3 is a transparent perspective view showing the configuration of the gap device for the electric fence shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an arrangement of a first terminal and a second terminal.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a configuration of a conventional electric fence.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Electric fence 12 Power supply apparatus 14 Conductive wire 14a Bare copper wire 16 Gap apparatus 18 Power supply part 20 Control part 22 High voltage part 27 Coil 28 1st terminal 30 2nd terminal 32 Holding member 32a Protrusion part 32b, 32b PET bottle piece 32c trunk 34 internal space 36 input line 38 output line

Claims (2)

A gap device for holding a conductive wire of an electric fence at a predetermined voltage,
The gap device has a first terminal having one end electrically connected to the power supply device, a second terminal having one end electrically connected to the conductive wire, the first terminal, and the first terminal. A holding member for holding the two terminals ,
The holding member is configured to face the bottom portions of two PET bottle pieces obtained by cutting out the bottom portion of the PET bottle having a convex portion formed in the bottom on the inside, and to adhere the facing bottom portions in the circumferential direction, Form an internal space that is sealed airtight and watertight from the outside in the part surrounded by the convex part ,
The gap device, wherein the first terminal and the second terminal are inserted into the inner space from the top of the convex portion with their tip portions facing each other and spaced apart from each other . An electric fence voltage holding device for holding a conductive wire of the electric fence at a predetermined voltage,
The voltage holding device for an electric fence, wherein the gap device according to claim 1 is disposed between the conductive wire and the power supply device.

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