JP2005030770A - Voltage measuring device for electric fence and voltage measuring method - Google Patents

Voltage measuring device for electric fence and voltage measuring method Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP2005030770A
JP2005030770A JP2003192762A JP2003192762A JP2005030770A JP 2005030770 A JP2005030770 A JP 2005030770A JP 2003192762 A JP2003192762 A JP 2003192762A JP 2003192762 A JP2003192762 A JP 2003192762A JP 2005030770 A JP2005030770 A JP 2005030770A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
voltage
electric
measuring
electric fence
electric wire
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2003192762A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kazuki Kobayashi
一木 小林
Takashi Oda
隆司 尾田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TIGER KK
Original Assignee
TIGER KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TIGER KK filed Critical TIGER KK
Priority to JP2003192762A priority Critical patent/JP2005030770A/en
Publication of JP2005030770A publication Critical patent/JP2005030770A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Landscapes

  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a voltage measuring device for an electric fence and a voltage measuring method which measure easily by a simple method, the voltage in an electric wire to which a high voltage is applied. <P>SOLUTION: This voltage measuring device for the electric fence has an antenna for receiving an electromagnetic wave radiated from the electric wire to which the high voltage is applied, an amplifying circuit for amplifying and converting an induced electromotive force caused by the received radiated electromagnetic wave into a measuring voltage, a voltage measuring circuit for measuring the amplified voltage, and a display part for displaying the acquired voltage. The device also has a determination circuit for determining the level of the voltage measured as the need arises. Hereby, the voltage in the electric wire to which the high voltage is applied is measured extremely easily in the noncontact state without contact with the electric wire. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、動物による農作物の食害の防止などのために用いられる電気柵において、十分な追い払い効果を得るために、高電圧の印加された電線の電圧を簡便に測定することができる電気柵用の電圧測定器および電気柵の電圧測定方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、サル、イノシシ、シカなどが田畑や果樹園などにおいて、農作物を食い荒らすなどの被害が拡大し、大きな社会問題になっている。このような動物からの食害などを防止するために、従来から種々の方法が採用されているが、その代表的なものとして、電気柵と呼ばれる装置を使用した方法、即ち、侵入しようとする動物に電気ショックによる痛みを感じさせることによって退散させる方法がある。これは支柱に取り付けられた碍子によって支えられた、それぞれがプラスあるいはマイナスの電極に接続された裸電線にパルス状の高電圧を印加するか、あるいはプラス極を裸電線に接続し、マイナス極を地面(アース)に接続して、動物が裸電線に触れると電気ショックによる痛みを感じて退散することで、動物の侵入を防ぐものである(例えば、特許文献1、特許文献2参照)。
【0003】
このような電気ショックによる痛みを与えることによる有害動物を退散させる方法では、動物が痛みを感じて退散するという効果だけではなく、たびたび痛みを受けることによる学習効果によって近寄らなくなるという効果も併せ持っていること、また装置の設置と運転が比較的容易で、コストも比較的低いことなどから最近広く利用されている。
【0004】
イノシシの侵入を防ぐための代表的な電気柵を例にとると、3〜5m間隔で農地を取り囲むように立てられたそれぞれの支柱に、20〜30cmの間隔で、ガイシに取り付けられた2本ないし3本の裸電線を平行して取り付け、これらの裸電線を高電圧印加電源装置のプラス極に接続し、マイナス極を地面(アース)に接続する。イノシシが裸電線に触れると、イノシシの接触部から身体を通り足先から地面に向かって電流が流れ、高電圧印加電源装置に戻っていくことによって、イノシシは電気ショックを感じて退散する。
【0005】
しかし、パルス状の高電圧を印加する電源装置が電源電圧の低下や回路故障などの原因で高電圧を発生できなくなったり、裸電線の下の地面に生えている草木類(下草)が伸びてきて、裸電線に接触したり、裸電線そのものが垂れ下がって地面と接触したり、あるいは支柱、碍子や別の極性の違う裸電線と接触するなどして漏電が起こり、裸電線に印加されている電圧が低くなることがある。このように電圧が低くなると、動物が裸電線に接触しても、電気ショックが弱くなって、電気ショックを感じなくなり、侵入を防ぐことができなくなる。このため、電気柵システムを効果的に運営していくために、常時、電圧検出器を用いて裸電線に流れている電圧を測定し、所定以上の高電圧が印加されていることを確認する必要がある。もし裸電線の電圧が低くなっていれば、高電圧印加装置や裸電線の状態を点検し、必要な補修の措置を取っている。
【0006】
このような裸電線に印加されている電圧を測定するための従来の代表的な方法は以下の通りである。電圧測定器から出ているアース(マイナス)端子を地面に差し込むか、あるいは高電圧印加装置のマイナス極に接続された裸電線に接触させ、同じく電圧測定器から出ているもう片方の端子であるプラス電極端子を高電圧印加装置のプラス極に接続した裸電線に接触させる。これにより、地面(マイナス)と裸電線(プラス)、あるいはマイナスの裸電線とプラスの裸電線を、電圧測定器を介して直接短絡させて、その間の電圧を測定する。測定した結果は、例えば、3000V以上、2000〜3000V、2000V以下の各電圧レベルをランプの点灯によって表示したり、あるいは電圧の値を直接デジタル表示したりする。そして測定した電圧が2000V以下の場合には、高電圧印加装置に不具合はないか、裸電線に漏電などがないか、などの点検を行っている。
【0007】
この方法では、電圧を測定するたびに立ち止まり、アース(マイナス)端子を地面に差込むか、あるいはマイナス極の裸電線に接触させ、プラス電極端子をプラス極の裸電線に接触させるなど作業が必要であり、電圧の測定作業が煩雑である。そのうえ、崖上に設置された電気柵や障害物が近くにある電気柵の場合や、或いはシカ害・サル害防止用などの裸電線が地上から1.5mから2m以上の高さに張られた電気柵等の場合には、電圧測定器の電極端子を裸電線に接触させにくいため、電圧の測定が困難となるなどの問題があった。また、電圧の測定の際に、電圧測定器と裸電線を短絡させて、裸電線に流れる電流を電圧測定器に一部取り込むので、それによって測定する電圧そのものが低下してしまい、実際よりも低い測定値になってしまうとともに、高電圧印加装置が電池で駆動している場合には、高電圧印加装置の電源の電池の消耗を速めてしまうという問題もあった。
【0008】
【特許文献1】
特許第2619209号公報
【特許文献2】
特許第2656910号公報
【0009】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、以上のような従来の電気柵用電圧検出器による方法の問題点を解決した、高電圧が印加された電線の電圧を、簡便な方法で容易に測定することができる電気柵用電圧測定器および電気柵の電圧測定方法を提供するものである。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記のような課題を解決すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、電気柵において、電線に高電圧が印加された際に発生する電磁波を受信し、これを電圧に変換することによって、電線や地面(アース)に直接接触させることなく、電線に印加された電圧を測定する方法を見出し、本発明を完成した。
【0011】
即ち、本発明は、以下の内容をその要旨とするものである。
(1)高電圧の印加された電線に生ずる電圧を測定する装置であって、該高電圧を印加された電線から放射される電磁波を受信するためのアンテナと、受信した放射電磁波による誘導起電力を計測用電圧に増幅する増幅回路と、増幅した電圧を測定する電圧測定回路と、得られた電圧を表示する表示部とを有する電気柵用電圧測定器。
(2)更に、測定した電圧のレベルを判定する判定回路を有する、前記(1)記載の電気柵用電圧測定器。
(3)前記増幅回路が、電線に発生する放射電磁波によって受信部のアンテナに誘起された微弱の誘起起電力を増幅させる回路であることを特徴とする、前記(1)または(2)記載の電気柵用電圧測定器。
(4)前記判定回路における電圧の判定が、計測用電圧と予め設定された電圧基準を比較して電圧のレベルを判定するものである、前記(2)または(3)記載の電気柵用電圧測定器。
(5)前記表示部における電圧の表示が、予め設定された電圧基準と比較して判定された電圧のレベルに応じて、結果をデジタル表示方式、ランプ表示方式、音声方式、またはこれらの組み合わせのいずれかで行なうことを特徴とする、前記(1)ないし(4)のいずれかに記載の電気柵用電圧測定器。
(6)高電圧が印加され電磁波を放出している電線の近傍に、電磁波を受信するアンテナを配置し、電磁波により誘起された誘導起電力を増幅して計測用電圧とし、この計測用電圧を測定することを特徴とする、電気柵用電線の電圧測定方法。(7)アンテナを電気柵用電線に対して非接触の状態で配置して測定することを特徴とする、前記(6)記載の電気柵用電線の電圧測定方法。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に図を参照しながら、本発明を更に詳しく説明する。
図1は、本発明による電気柵用電圧測定器の一実施例の外観および回路構成を示す説明図であり、図2は本発明による電圧測定の工程を示す説明図であり、図3は本発明による電圧測定工程のブロック図である。
本発明は、導電体である電気柵の電線に高電圧が印加されると、電線の周囲にその電圧に対応した強さの電磁波が放射されるので、この現象を利用してその電線に印加された電圧を測定する装置および方法に関するものである。即ち、本発明は、高電圧の印加された電線から放射される放射電磁波を受信し、受信した放射電磁波によって発生する微弱の誘導起電力を増幅し、電圧として計測することにより、これから電気柵の電線にかかる電圧を測定する装置および方法に関するものである。
【0013】
本発明の電気柵用電圧測定器1は、図1にその一例を示すように、高電圧の印加された電線から放射される電磁波の受信部分であるアンテナ2と、受信した電磁波による誘導起電力を増幅する増幅回路3と、この増幅された電圧を測定する電圧測定回路4と、得られた測定結果を表示する表示部6とを必須の要素として有する電圧測定器であり、更にこれに必要に応じて得られた電圧の表示部6での表示方法を判断するための判定回路5を有するものである。なお、当然ながら、更にこれらの部品や回路を駆動させるための電源部7が必要であり、一般的には携帯して使用するために電源部7として電池を内蔵している。本発明の電気柵用電圧測定器1は、好ましくは携帯と使用に便利なように、これらの部品や回路を一つの筐体10に収納し、筐体10の前面に測定結果を表示する表示部6を設け、例えば電圧の高さによって点滅する表示ランプ8等を設けている
【0014】
本発明の電気柵用電圧測定器1は、図2に示した工程と図3に示すブロック図の手順に従って、電気柵の柵線に印加されている電圧を測定する。
電気柵の電線には接近してきた動物に電気刺激を与えて追い払うために、一般的に2000〜10000ボルトという高電圧が印加されている。そしてこの電気柵用電線の周囲には印加された高電圧により電磁波が放射されているので、この電磁波の放射されている領域の中に本発明の電気柵用電圧測定器のアンテナ2を配置することによって、アンテナ2が電磁波を受信し、この受信した電磁波による誘導起電力が発生する。この誘導起電力はその強度が非常に微弱であるが、その電圧は電気柵の電線に印加された電圧と一定の相関を持った値となる。この誘導起電力はそのままでは微弱で、精度よく測定することが困難であるので、アンテナ2に接続した増幅回路3によって増幅され、計測用電圧へ変換される。次いで、電圧測定回路4においてこの計測用電圧を測定し、得られた測定結果が表示部6にて表示される。
【0015】
電磁波の受信部はいわゆるアンテナであり、このアンテナを高電圧の印加された電線に接近させて発生している電磁波の中にこれを置くことにより、誘導起電力がアンテナに誘起される。ここで発生した誘導起電力は前述のように非常に微弱であり、そのままでは正確な測定が困難であるので、測定可能な強度になるまで増幅し、かつ元の電線に印加された電圧に対応した値にするための変換が必要である。このような誘導起電力の計測用電圧への増幅を増幅回路3によって行なう。ここで、電気柵の電線に印加された電圧(V)と電圧測定器のアンテナに誘起された誘導起電力(v)とはおよそ次の式(1)で表されるような関係が認められるので、増幅回路3においてこのvの値から測定可能な計測用電圧としての電圧値vに増幅し、これを電圧測定回路4で測定する。
V=v×X (1)
=v×α (2)
ここで、Xはマクスウエル・ファラデーの法則による変数、αは増幅率である。
【0016】
測定結果は表示部6に表示される。表示部6では、得られた計測用電圧をそのままデジタル表示器によって数値で表示してもよいが、得られた計測用電圧の値に一つまたは複数の閾値を設け、電圧測定器の電圧レベルの判定回路5によって測定結果がこの値に達したかどうかの判定を行い、この値に達しない場合に警告音を発したり、警告ランプを点灯させるという方法で表示させてもよい。
【0017】
本発明の電気柵用電圧測定器1による電圧の測定方法は、測定したい電気柵の電線に近づき、電圧測定器のアンテナ2を電線の方向に向けるだけで、簡単に行うことができ、従来の方法のようにアースをとるために測定の都度端子を地面に差し込んだり、一方の端子を電線に直接接触させる必要がない。これによって、電気柵用電圧測定器1の表示部6に測定結果をデジタル表示したり、電圧表示ランプを点灯させて、電圧の高さを知ることができる。
測定する際の電気柵の電線とアンテナとの間の距離は、コスト、測定制度、測定のしやすさなどを勘案すると、約1m以下ならよく、好ましくは約50cm以下である。約1m以上の距離で測定することも技術的には可能であるが、増幅回路などのコストが大幅に上がり、距離が短いほど測定精度もよい。電線に沿って歩きながらでも、電線と電圧測定器の距離を約1m以下に保っていれば、連続して簡単に電圧を測定することができる。この場合は、電圧測定器のアンテナを電線に接触させないで測定したが、直接接触させて測定すればさらに精度のよい測定が可能になる。
【0018】
本発明の電気柵用電圧測定器は、高電圧印加装置から電気柵の電線に印加された電圧が15000ボルト以下で使用することができる。1000ボルト未満の比較的低い電圧の場合には、発生する電磁波が弱くなり測定の感度が低下し、雑音も多く混入し測定精度が低下する。電気柵の電線には連続的に電気を通電してもよく、また一定間隔で断続的にパルス状の電気を通電しても測定する上では問題ないが、安全上の観点から、連続的な通電を行なわず、通電休止時間が0.75から1.5秒間隔程度で、一回の通電時間が5から500マイクロ秒程度のパルス状の通電を行なうことが多い。
測定対象となる電線は、電気柵用という使用目的から裸電線が最も一般的であるが、一部または全部が絶縁被覆された電線であってもよく、また、ステンレススチール線等の導電性の金属線が同時に撚り込まれた樹脂製ネットや、導電性金網などに対しても、同様にして本発明の電気柵用電圧測定器の電磁波受信部であるアンテナを接近させることによってその電圧を測定することができる。
【0019】
また、本発明の電気柵用電圧測定器は、屋外の広い範囲で携帯しながら使用する場合が多いので、その構成部材である電磁波受信用アンテナ、増幅回路、電圧測定回路、電圧判定回路、電圧表示部、その他の構成部材および電源の電池を一つの筺体内部に一体的に組み込んだ構造とすることが好ましい。
【0020】
本発明の電気柵用電圧測定器は、農園などの有害動物類の進入防止用の電気柵システムの動作確認や保守点検のために用いる。この電気柵システムでは、支柱に取り付けられた碍子に引っ掛けるようにして、数本の裸電線を並行に張り、多くの場合、これに高電圧印加装置により6000〜10000ボルト程度で、出力間隔が1.0〜1.2秒程度、一回の通電時間が10から300マイクロ秒程度のパルス状の高電圧を印加している。そして、漏電その他の原因によって電圧が低下すると電気柵としての動物の追い払い効果が低下するため、これらの裸電線の電圧を常時監視しておく必要がある。本発明の電圧測定方法および電気柵用電圧測定器を使用すれば、その都度アースを取ったりする従来の煩雑な方法を行なわずに、単に電圧測定器のアンテナを電線に接近させるだけで簡単に電圧を測定することができる。従って、既に述べたように、電線に沿って歩きながらでも、電線と電圧測定器の距離を約1m以下に保っていれば、連続して簡単に電圧を測定することができる。
【0021】
上記の電気柵システムに本発明の電気柵用電圧測定器を使用するに際し、電圧表示ランプ8で表示する場合は、例えば、ランプが3つ点灯すると4000ボルト以上、2つの場合は2000〜4000ボルト、1つの場合は2000ボルト以下であるというように設定する。そして、4000ボルト以上の場合は十分な電気ショックを与えることができる電圧であることを示し、2000〜4000ボルトの場合は電気ショックを与えるためには十分ではあるが、今後さらに低下する可能性があるので注意が必要であることを示し、2000ボルト以下の場合には電気ショックは十分な大きさではないので、電気柵システムの高電圧印加装置と裸電線を点検して、電圧を上げる措置をとる必要がある。ここではイノシシ、シカ、サルなどでの電圧の基準の一例を示したが、対象となる動物によって基準を変えることはより有効に使用するうえで望ましい。
【0022】
上記の例では、電圧の高さを電圧表示ランプ8の点灯するランプの数で表示させたが、電圧表示ランプに加え、音声発生装置を付加することにより、電子音によって電圧の高さを表示させることもできる。すなわち、2000ボルト以上の場合には電子音を鳴らし、電気ショックを与えるために十分な高い電圧であることを示し、電子音が鳴らない場合には、電気ショックを与えるために十分な高さの電圧でないことを示すこともできる。これにより、電圧の測定の際に、電圧測定器の電圧表示ランプを見ることなしに測定が可能になり、測定の時間を一層短縮することができる。さらに、測定した電圧を数字でデジタル表示することも電圧の絶対値の変化を直接知ることができ、電気柵の管理をよりきめこまかくするためには効果的である。このように、電圧の表示はランプ表示、音声表示、デジタル表示などが考えられ、これらをそれぞれ単独で、あるいは組み合わせて表示することができる。
【0023】
【実施例】
実施例1:
電磁波受信用のアンテナ2、増幅回路3、電圧測定回路4、電圧判定回路5、電圧表示部6としての3個のランプ8を一つの筺体10に組み込み、電源7として乾電池を使用した図1に示す電気柵用電圧測定器1を用意した。表示部6は、表示ランプ8が3つ点灯すると4000ボルト以上、2つ点灯の場合は2000〜4000ボルト、1つ点灯の場合は2000ボルト以下となるように設定してある。電源は9Vの乾電池を使用した。
この電気柵用電圧測定器1を用いて、農場を取り囲む電気柵の裸電線の電圧を測定した。この電気柵には支柱に3本の裸電線が取り付けられ、高電圧印加装置からは9000ボルトの電圧が印加されていた。高電圧印加装置から印加された電圧は、高電圧印加装置のプラス極から裸電線、裸電線から地面のアースを通して高電圧印加装置のマイナス極に戻る回路を構成している。裸電線の電圧は、裸電線の持つ電気抵抗、裸電線と地面との間のコンデンサ成分、漏電状態(例えば、裸電線と碍子や支柱の間での放電、裸電線と伸長した下草との接触など)などの電気柵の設置状況や使用状況によって低下するので、電気柵用電圧測定器によって裸電線の電圧状況を測定し、確認した。農場の周囲に張られた裸電線に電圧測定器を接近させたところ、裸電線から約1mの位置で3個のランプが点灯し、約50cmの位置でも同様に3個のランプが点灯した。また、この状態で裸電線に沿って歩きながら測定した場合にも、電子音が鳴ると同時に、いずれの場合も3個のランプが点灯し、電圧が4000ボルト以上であることが測定でき、電気柵は有効な電気ショックを与えるために必要な電圧を保っていることが確認された。
【0024】
2週間後、同じ電気柵システムの裸電線の電圧を同様に測定した結果、電子音が鳴り、ランプが2個点灯した。これにより前回よりも電圧が低くなっていることが判明したが、まだ有効な電圧であることを示していた。その後、本電圧測定器を用いて、毎日電圧の変化を監視していたが、さらに1週間後には、電子音は鳴らず、ランプが1個のみ点灯したので、電気柵を点検した。その結果、10ヵ所近い地点で下草が伸びて、裸電線に接触していたことがわかり、草を刈り取り除去した。処置後再度測定したところ、電子音が鳴り、ランプが3個とも点灯するようになり、良好な状態に回復したことが確認できた。
【0025】
【発明の効果】
本発明の電気柵用電圧測定器および電圧測定方法によれば、高電圧が印加された電線に対して、電線に直接接触したり、アースを取ったりすることなく、単に電気柵用電圧測定器のアンテナを接近させるだけで容易にその電圧を測定することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の電気柵用電圧測定器の外観および内部の回路構成を示す説明図である。
【図2】本発明による電圧測定の工程を示す説明図である。
【図3】本発明による電圧測定工程のブロック図である。
【符号の説明】
1 電気柵用電圧測定器
2 受信アンテナ
3 増幅回路
4 電圧測定回路
5 判定回路
6 表示部
7 電源部
8 表示ランプ
9 電源ボタン
10 筺体
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an electric fence that can easily measure the voltage of an electric wire to which a high voltage is applied in order to obtain a sufficient removal effect in an electric fence used for prevention of damage to crops caused by animals. The present invention relates to a voltage measuring instrument and a voltage measuring method for an electric fence.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, monkeys, wild boars, deer, etc. have become a major social problem due to the increased damage caused by eating and destroying crops in fields and orchards. In order to prevent such damage from animals, various methods have been conventionally used. As a typical example, a method using a device called an electric fence, that is, an animal to invade. There is a way to dissipate by making the person feel the pain of electric shock. This is supported by the insulators attached to the poles, each applying a pulsed high voltage to the bare wire connected to the plus or minus electrode, or connecting the plus pole to the bare wire and pulling the minus pole When connected to the ground (earth) and an animal touches a bare electric wire, it feels pain due to electric shock and dissipates to prevent the invasion of the animal (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).
[0003]
The method of dispelling harmful animals caused by such pain caused by electric shock has not only the effect that animals feel pain and retreat, but also the effect that they are not approached by the learning effect due to frequent pain. In addition, it has been widely used recently because it is relatively easy to install and operate, and its cost is relatively low.
[0004]
Taking a typical electric fence to prevent the invasion of wild boar as an example, two poles attached to the insulator at intervals of 20 to 30 cm on each column that is set up to surround the farmland at intervals of 3 to 5 m Or, three bare wires are attached in parallel, these bare wires are connected to the positive pole of the high voltage application power supply device, and the minus pole is connected to the ground (earth). When a boar touches a bare wire, a current flows from the boar contact portion through the body toward the ground from the toes, and returns to the high-voltage application power supply, so that the boar feels an electric shock and dissipates.
[0005]
However, the power supply device that applies a pulsed high voltage cannot generate a high voltage due to a decrease in the power supply voltage or a circuit failure, or the vegetation (undergrowth) growing on the ground under the bare wire has grown. In other words, electrical leakage may occur due to contact with the bare wire, the bare wire itself hanging down and touching the ground, or coming into contact with a support pole, insulator or another bare wire with a different polarity. The voltage may be low. When the voltage is lowered in this way, even if an animal comes into contact with a bare electric wire, the electric shock becomes weak, the electric shock is not felt, and the invasion cannot be prevented. For this reason, in order to operate the electric fence system effectively, the voltage flowing in the bare wire is always measured using a voltage detector, and it is confirmed that a voltage higher than a predetermined level is applied. There is a need. If the voltage of the bare wire is low, check the condition of the high voltage application device and the bare wire and take necessary repair measures.
[0006]
A conventional representative method for measuring the voltage applied to such a bare wire is as follows. Connect the ground (minus) terminal coming out of the voltage measuring instrument to the ground or contact the bare wire connected to the negative pole of the high voltage application device, and the other terminal coming out of the voltage measuring instrument. The positive electrode terminal is brought into contact with the bare wire connected to the positive electrode of the high voltage application device. As a result, the ground (minus) and the bare wire (plus), or the minus bare wire and the plus bare wire are directly short-circuited via the voltage measuring device, and the voltage between them is measured. As a result of the measurement, for example, each voltage level of 3000 V or more, 2000 to 3000 V, or 2000 V or less is displayed by lighting the lamp, or a voltage value is directly digitally displayed. And when the measured voltage is 2000V or less, it is inspected whether there is any fault in the high-voltage applying device, and there is no leakage in the bare wire.
[0007]
In this method, it is necessary to stop each time the voltage is measured, and to insert the ground (minus) terminal into the ground, or to make contact with the negative electrode bare wire and to make the plus electrode terminal contact with the plus electrode bare wire. The voltage measurement work is complicated. In addition, the electric fences installed on the cliff and the electric fences where obstacles are nearby, or bare wires for preventing deer and monkey damage are stretched from 1.5m to 2m above the ground. In the case of an electric fence or the like, there is a problem that it is difficult to measure the voltage because the electrode terminal of the voltage measuring device is difficult to contact the bare wire. Also, when measuring the voltage, the voltage measuring device and the bare wire are short-circuited, and a part of the current flowing through the bare wire is taken into the voltage measuring device. In addition to the low measurement value, when the high voltage application device is driven by a battery, there is a problem that the battery of the power source of the high voltage application device is consumed quickly.
[0008]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent No. 2619209 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent No. 2656910 [0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention solves the problems of the conventional electric fence voltage detector as described above, and can easily measure the voltage of an electric wire to which a high voltage is applied by a simple method. A voltage measuring instrument and a voltage measuring method for an electric fence are provided.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors receive electromagnetic waves generated when a high voltage is applied to an electric wire in an electric fence, and convert this into a voltage. Thus, a method for measuring the voltage applied to the electric wire without directly contacting the electric wire or the ground (earth) was found, and the present invention was completed.
[0011]
That is, the gist of the present invention is as follows.
(1) An apparatus for measuring a voltage generated in an electric wire to which a high voltage is applied, an antenna for receiving electromagnetic waves radiated from the electric wire to which the high voltage is applied, and an induced electromotive force due to the received radiated electromagnetic waves A voltage measuring instrument for an electric fence having an amplifying circuit for amplifying the voltage into a measuring voltage, a voltage measuring circuit for measuring the amplified voltage, and a display unit for displaying the obtained voltage.
(2) The voltage measuring instrument for an electric fence according to (1), further including a determination circuit that determines a level of the measured voltage.
(3) The amplifier circuit according to (1) or (2), wherein the amplifier circuit is a circuit that amplifies a weak induced electromotive force induced in an antenna of a receiving unit by a radiated electromagnetic wave generated in an electric wire. Voltage measuring instrument for electric fences.
(4) The voltage for the electric fence according to (2) or (3), wherein the determination of the voltage in the determination circuit is to determine a voltage level by comparing a measurement voltage with a preset voltage reference. Measuring instrument.
(5) The display of the voltage on the display unit is a digital display method, a lamp display method, an audio method, or a combination thereof according to a voltage level determined by comparing with a preset voltage reference. The voltage measuring instrument for an electric fence according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the voltage measuring instrument is any one of the above.
(6) An antenna that receives electromagnetic waves is placed in the vicinity of an electric wire that is applied with a high voltage and emits electromagnetic waves, and an induced electromotive force induced by the electromagnetic waves is amplified to be a measurement voltage. A method for measuring the voltage of electric wires for electric fences, characterized by measuring. (7) The voltage measurement method for an electric fence wire according to (6), wherein the antenna is arranged and measured in a non-contact state with respect to the electric fence electric wire.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an appearance and a circuit configuration of an embodiment of a voltage measuring instrument for an electric fence according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing steps of voltage measurement according to the present invention, and FIG. It is a block diagram of the voltage measurement process by invention.
In the present invention, when a high voltage is applied to an electric fence wire that is a conductor, an electromagnetic wave having a strength corresponding to the voltage is radiated around the electric wire. Relates to an apparatus and a method for measuring the measured voltage. That is, the present invention receives a radiated electromagnetic wave radiated from an electric wire applied with a high voltage, amplifies a weak induced electromotive force generated by the received radiated electromagnetic wave, and measures it as a voltage. The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for measuring a voltage applied to an electric wire.
[0013]
As shown in FIG. 1, an electric fence voltage measuring instrument 1 according to the present invention includes an antenna 2 that is a receiving part of an electromagnetic wave radiated from an electric wire to which a high voltage is applied, and an induced electromotive force generated by the received electromagnetic wave. Is a voltage measuring instrument having as essential elements an amplifier circuit 3 for amplifying the voltage, a voltage measuring circuit 4 for measuring the amplified voltage, and a display unit 6 for displaying the obtained measurement result. And a determination circuit 5 for determining a display method on the display unit 6 of the voltage obtained according to the above. Needless to say, the power supply unit 7 for driving these components and circuits is further required, and generally a battery is built in as the power supply unit 7 for carrying and using. The electric fence voltage measuring instrument 1 according to the present invention is preferably a display for storing these components and circuits in a single housing 10 and displaying the measurement results on the front surface of the housing 10 so as to be convenient for carrying and use. For example, a display lamp 8 that blinks depending on the voltage level is provided.
The electric fence voltage measuring instrument 1 of the present invention measures the voltage applied to the fence line of the electric fence according to the steps shown in FIG. 2 and the procedure of the block diagram shown in FIG.
In general, a high voltage of 2000 to 10000 volts is applied to the electric wire of the electric fence in order to apply an electrical stimulus to the approaching animal and drive it away. And since the electromagnetic waves are radiated | emitted by the applied high voltage around the electric wire for electric fences, the antenna 2 of the voltage measuring instrument for electric fences of this invention is arrange | positioned in the area | region where this electromagnetic waves are radiated | emitted. As a result, the antenna 2 receives the electromagnetic wave, and an induced electromotive force is generated by the received electromagnetic wave. This induced electromotive force has a very weak intensity, but the voltage has a certain correlation with the voltage applied to the electric wire of the electric fence. Since the induced electromotive force is weak as it is and difficult to measure with high accuracy, it is amplified by the amplifier circuit 3 connected to the antenna 2 and converted into a measurement voltage. Next, the measurement voltage is measured in the voltage measurement circuit 4, and the obtained measurement result is displayed on the display unit 6.
[0015]
The electromagnetic wave receiving unit is a so-called antenna, and an induced electromotive force is induced in the antenna by placing the antenna in an electromagnetic wave generated by approaching an electric wire to which a high voltage is applied. The induced electromotive force generated here is very weak as described above, and it is difficult to measure accurately as it is, so it is amplified to a measurable intensity and corresponds to the voltage applied to the original wire. Conversion is required to make the values Such amplification of the induced electromotive force to the measurement voltage is performed by the amplifier circuit 3. Here, we found relationship as can be expressed by the approximate following formula (1) and electric fence wire to the applied voltage (V) induced in the antenna of the voltage measuring device and has been induced electromotive force (v i) Therefore, the amplifying circuit 3 amplifies the v i value to a voltage value v m as a measurable measuring voltage, and the voltage measuring circuit 4 measures it.
V = v i × X (1)
v m = v i × α (2)
Here, X is a variable according to Maxwell Faraday's law, and α is an amplification factor.
[0016]
The measurement result is displayed on the display unit 6. In the display unit 6, the obtained measurement voltage may be displayed as a numerical value on a digital display as it is, but one or a plurality of thresholds are provided for the obtained measurement voltage value, and the voltage level of the voltage measurement device is set. The determination circuit 5 may determine whether or not the measurement result has reached this value, and if it does not reach this value, a warning sound may be emitted or a warning lamp may be lit.
[0017]
The voltage measuring method using the voltage measuring instrument 1 for an electric fence according to the present invention can be performed simply by approaching the electric wire of the electric fence to be measured and directing the antenna 2 of the voltage measuring instrument in the direction of the electric wire. There is no need to insert a terminal into the ground each time a measurement is made or to directly contact one terminal with an electric wire for grounding as in the method. As a result, the measurement result can be digitally displayed on the display unit 6 of the electric fence voltage measuring instrument 1 or the voltage display lamp can be turned on to know the voltage level.
In consideration of the cost, measurement system, ease of measurement, etc., the distance between the electric fence wire and the antenna at the time of measurement may be about 1 m or less, and preferably about 50 cm or less. Although it is technically possible to measure at a distance of about 1 m or more, the cost of the amplifier circuit and the like increases significantly, and the shorter the distance, the better the measurement accuracy. Even when walking along the electric wire, if the distance between the electric wire and the voltage measuring device is kept at about 1 m or less, the voltage can be measured easily and continuously. In this case, the measurement was performed without bringing the antenna of the voltage measuring instrument into contact with the electric wire. However, if the measurement is performed with direct contact, the measurement can be performed with higher accuracy.
[0018]
The voltage measuring instrument for an electric fence of the present invention can be used when the voltage applied to the electric fence electric wire from the high voltage applying device is 15000 volts or less. In the case of a relatively low voltage of less than 1000 volts, the generated electromagnetic wave is weakened, the sensitivity of measurement is lowered, and a lot of noise is mixed to reduce the measurement accuracy. Electricity may be continuously applied to the electric wire of the electric fence, and even if it is supplied with pulsed electricity intermittently at regular intervals, there is no problem in measurement, but from the viewpoint of safety, continuous In many cases, no energization is performed, and the energization pause time is about 0.75 to 1.5 seconds, and one energization time is about 5 to 500 microseconds.
The electric wires to be measured are most commonly bare wires for the purpose of use for electric fences, but some or all of them may be insulated wires, and conductive wires such as stainless steel wires. In the same way, measure the voltage of a resin net or a conductive wire net, in which metal wires are twisted at the same time, by bringing the antenna that is the electromagnetic wave receiver of the voltage measuring instrument for electric fences of the present invention closer. can do.
[0019]
Moreover, since the voltage measuring instrument for electric fences of the present invention is often used while being carried outdoors in a wide range, its constituent members are an electromagnetic wave receiving antenna, an amplifier circuit, a voltage measuring circuit, a voltage determining circuit, a voltage. It is preferable to have a structure in which a display unit, other constituent members, and a battery of a power source are integrated in one casing.
[0020]
The voltage measuring device for an electric fence of the present invention is used for operation check and maintenance check of an electric fence system for preventing entry of harmful animals such as farms. In this electric fence system, several bare electric wires are stretched in parallel so as to be hooked on an insulator attached to a support column, and in many cases, about 6000 to 10,000 volts and an output interval is 1 by a high voltage application device. A pulsed high voltage of about 0 to 1.2 seconds and a single energization time of about 10 to 300 microseconds is applied. If the voltage drops due to electric leakage or other causes, the effect of removing the animal as an electric fence is lowered. Therefore, it is necessary to constantly monitor the voltage of these bare wires. By using the voltage measuring method and the voltage measuring instrument for the electric fence of the present invention, it is easy to simply bring the antenna of the voltage measuring instrument close to the electric wire without performing the conventional complicated method of grounding each time. The voltage can be measured. Therefore, as described above, the voltage can be easily and continuously measured while walking along the electric wire as long as the distance between the electric wire and the voltage measuring device is maintained at about 1 m or less.
[0021]
When using the voltage measuring instrument for an electric fence of the present invention in the above electric fence system, when displaying with the voltage display lamp 8, for example, when three lamps are lit, the voltage is 4000 volts or more, and in the case of two, it is 2000 to 4000 volts. In one case, it is set to be 2000 volts or less. In the case of 4000 volts or more, it indicates that the voltage can give a sufficient electric shock, and in the case of 2000 to 4000 volts, it is sufficient to give an electric shock, but there is a possibility that it will further decrease in the future. This indicates that there is a need for caution. If the voltage is less than 2000 volts, the electric shock is not large enough. Check the high voltage application device and the bare wire of the electric fence system and take measures to increase the voltage. It is necessary to take. Here, an example of voltage standards for wild boars, deer, monkeys, etc. has been shown, but it is desirable to change the standards depending on the target animal for more effective use.
[0022]
In the above example, the voltage level is displayed by the number of lamps that the voltage display lamp 8 is lit. However, in addition to the voltage display lamp, an audio generator is added to display the voltage level by electronic sound. It can also be made. That is, when the voltage is 2000 volts or more, an electronic sound is generated, indicating that the voltage is high enough to give an electric shock, and when the electronic sound is not emitted, the voltage is high enough to give an electric shock. It can also indicate that it is not a voltage. As a result, when measuring the voltage, the measurement can be performed without looking at the voltage display lamp of the voltage measuring device, and the measurement time can be further shortened. Furthermore, digitally displaying the measured voltage numerically can directly know the change in the absolute value of the voltage, and is effective for making the management of the electric fence more detailed. In this way, voltage display may be lamp display, audio display, digital display, and the like, and these can be displayed individually or in combination.
[0023]
【Example】
Example 1:
FIG. 1 shows an antenna 2 for receiving electromagnetic waves, an amplifier circuit 3, a voltage measurement circuit 4, a voltage determination circuit 5, and three lamps 8 as a voltage display unit 6 in one housing 10 and uses a dry battery as a power source 7. The electric fence voltage measuring instrument 1 shown was prepared. The display unit 6 is set to be 4000 volts or more when three display lamps 8 are lit, 2000 to 4000 volts when two lamps are lit, and 2000 volts or less when one lamp is lit. A 9V dry battery was used as a power source.
Using this electric fence voltage measuring device 1, the voltage of the bare electric wire of the electric fence surrounding the farm was measured. In this electric fence, three bare electric wires were attached to the support column, and a voltage of 9000 volts was applied from the high voltage application device. The voltage applied from the high voltage application device constitutes a circuit that returns from the positive electrode of the high voltage application device to the bare electrode of the bare wire, and from the bare wire to the negative electrode of the high voltage application device through the ground of the ground. The voltage of the bare wire is the electric resistance of the bare wire, the capacitor component between the bare wire and the ground, the leakage state (for example, the discharge between the bare wire and the insulator or support, the contact between the bare wire and the extended undergrowth Etc.) etc.), the voltage status of bare wires was measured and confirmed with a voltage measuring instrument for electric fences. When a voltage measuring instrument was brought close to the bare wire stretched around the farm, three lamps were lit at a position of about 1 m from the bare wire, and three lamps were also lit at a position of about 50 cm. In addition, when measuring while walking along a bare wire in this state, an electronic sound is emitted, and at the same time, three lamps are lit and the voltage can be measured to be 4000 volts or more. It was confirmed that the fence maintained the voltage necessary to give an effective electric shock.
[0024]
Two weeks later, the voltage of bare wires of the same electric fence system was measured in the same manner. As a result, an electronic sound was emitted and two lamps were lit. As a result, it was found that the voltage was lower than the previous time, but it still indicated that it was a valid voltage. After that, the voltage measuring device was used to monitor the voltage change every day, but after another week, the electronic fence did not sound and only one lamp was lit, so the electric fence was inspected. As a result, it was found that the undergrowth grew at nearly 10 points and was in contact with the bare wire, and the grass was cut and removed. When the measurement was performed again after the treatment, it was confirmed that an electronic sound was emitted and all three lamps were turned on, and the state was recovered to a good state.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
According to the voltage measuring instrument for electric fence and the voltage measuring method of the present invention, the voltage measuring instrument for electric fence is simply applied to the electric wire to which a high voltage is applied without directly contacting the electric wire or grounding. The voltage can be easily measured simply by bringing the antennas close to each other.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an external appearance and an internal circuit configuration of a voltage measuring instrument for an electric fence according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a voltage measurement process according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a voltage measurement process according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Voltage measuring device 2 for electric fences Receiving antenna 3 Amplifying circuit 4 Voltage measuring circuit 5 Judgment circuit 6 Display part 7 Power supply part 8 Display lamp 9 Power button 10 Housing

Claims (7)

高電圧の印加された電線に生ずる電圧を測定する装置であって、該高電圧を印加された電線から放射される電磁波を受信するためのアンテナと、受信した放射電磁波による誘導起電力を計測用電圧に増幅する増幅回路と、増幅した電圧を測定する電圧測定回路と、得られた電圧を表示する表示部とを有する電気柵用電圧測定器。An apparatus for measuring a voltage generated in an electric wire to which a high voltage is applied, for measuring an electromagnetic wave radiated from the electric wire to which the high voltage is applied, and an induced electromotive force due to the received radiated electromagnetic wave An electric fence voltage measuring instrument comprising: an amplifying circuit that amplifies the voltage; a voltage measuring circuit that measures the amplified voltage; and a display unit that displays the obtained voltage. 更に、測定した電圧のレベルを判定する判定回路を有する請求項1記載の電気柵用電圧測定器。The voltage measuring instrument for an electric fence according to claim 1, further comprising a determination circuit for determining a level of the measured voltage. 前記増幅回路が、微小電圧を増幅することを特徴とする、請求項1または2記載の電気柵用電圧測定器。The voltage measuring instrument for an electric fence according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the amplifying circuit amplifies a minute voltage. 前記判定回路における電圧の判定が、計測用電圧と予め設定された電圧基準とを比較して電圧のレベルを判定するものである、請求項2または3記載の電気柵用電圧測定器。The electric fence voltage measuring device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the determination of the voltage in the determination circuit is to determine a voltage level by comparing a measurement voltage with a preset voltage reference. 前記表示部における電圧の表示が、予め設定された電圧基準と比較して判定された電圧のレベルに応じて、結果をデジタル表示方式、ランプ表示方式、音声方式、またはこれらの組み合わせのいずれかで行なうものである、請求項1ないし4のいずれかに記載の電気柵用電圧測定器。According to the voltage level determined by comparing the voltage display on the display unit with a preset voltage reference, the result is either a digital display method, a lamp display method, an audio method, or a combination thereof. The voltage measuring instrument for an electric fence according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is to be performed. 高電圧が印加され電磁波を放出している電線の近傍に、電磁波を受信するアンテナを配置し、電磁波により誘起された誘導起電力を増幅して計測用電圧とし、この計測用電圧を測定することを特徴とする、電気柵用電線の電圧測定方法。An antenna that receives electromagnetic waves is placed in the vicinity of an electric wire that emits electromagnetic waves when a high voltage is applied, and an induced electromotive force induced by the electromagnetic waves is amplified to be a measuring voltage, and this measuring voltage is measured. A method for measuring the voltage of electric wires for electric fences. アンテナを電気柵用電線に対して非接触の状態で配置して測定することを特徴とする、請求項6記載の電気柵用電線の電圧測定方法。The voltage measurement method for an electric fence electric wire according to claim 6, wherein the antenna is arranged in a non-contact state with respect to the electric fence electric wire and measured.
JP2003192762A 2003-07-07 2003-07-07 Voltage measuring device for electric fence and voltage measuring method Pending JP2005030770A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2003192762A JP2005030770A (en) 2003-07-07 2003-07-07 Voltage measuring device for electric fence and voltage measuring method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2003192762A JP2005030770A (en) 2003-07-07 2003-07-07 Voltage measuring device for electric fence and voltage measuring method

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2008004777U Continuation JP3145408U (en) 2008-07-11 2008-07-11 Voltage measuring instrument for electric fence

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2005030770A true JP2005030770A (en) 2005-02-03

Family

ID=34204454

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2003192762A Pending JP2005030770A (en) 2003-07-07 2003-07-07 Voltage measuring device for electric fence and voltage measuring method

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2005030770A (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009244131A (en) * 2008-03-31 2009-10-22 Hioki Ee Corp Line voltage measuring apparatus
JP2010175412A (en) * 2009-01-30 2010-08-12 Hioki Ee Corp Voltage measuring apparatus
JP2012105610A (en) * 2010-11-18 2012-06-07 Fujitsu Ltd Processing apparatus and monitoring system
US9709606B1 (en) * 2016-05-25 2017-07-18 Byung-Hak Cho Smart voltmeter for electric fence
CN111109244A (en) * 2019-03-29 2020-05-08 华赫电力技术(银川)有限公司 Multi-functional fault indication drives bird ware

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009244131A (en) * 2008-03-31 2009-10-22 Hioki Ee Corp Line voltage measuring apparatus
JP2010175412A (en) * 2009-01-30 2010-08-12 Hioki Ee Corp Voltage measuring apparatus
JP2012105610A (en) * 2010-11-18 2012-06-07 Fujitsu Ltd Processing apparatus and monitoring system
US9709606B1 (en) * 2016-05-25 2017-07-18 Byung-Hak Cho Smart voltmeter for electric fence
CN111109244A (en) * 2019-03-29 2020-05-08 华赫电力技术(银川)有限公司 Multi-functional fault indication drives bird ware

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US9678119B2 (en) Shock detector
AU2021240210B2 (en) Direct current meter and method of use
JP6756705B2 (en) Medical device with sensor
CN105955250B (en) Drone version step voltage alarm trolley and its alarm method
US3648282A (en) Alarm signal apparatus to indicate damage to the insulation of an electrical cable as it is being laid underground
JP2005030770A (en) Voltage measuring device for electric fence and voltage measuring method
US5654641A (en) Method and device for testing the effectiveness of a lighting ground system
JP3145408U (en) Voltage measuring instrument for electric fence
ES2940575T3 (en) Method and device to minimize the risk of fire and use of a suitable device for it
KR100396043B1 (en) Method and apparatus for detecting and identifying electrical cables
RU201504U1 (en) UNDERGROUND PIPELINE CORROSION MONITORING DEVICE UNDER STANDING CURRENTS
CN107103735A (en) A kind of electric discontinuity of cable warning device for field irrigation
JP3218911U (en) Electric fence voltage measuring device
JP2022182256A (en) Method for detecting electric field proximity and electroscope
JP7012961B2 (en) Electric fence monitoring device
CN113985136A (en) Distribution box for measuring resistance of grounding wire
US20060192545A1 (en) Voltage detection pole
NZ548876A (en) Improvements in and relating to electric fence systems
KR102663408B1 (en) POWERLESS IoT GROUND SENSOR
RU176095U1 (en) Device for determining the breakage of the linear part of the stun barrier
CN107315124A (en) A kind of farmland insert row rupture of line suggestion device
JP4014503B2 (en) Gap device and voltage holding device for electric fence using the same
KR200352032Y1 (en) Earth tester having a test mode for electricwireing
US20210255229A1 (en) Conductor test equipment
CN117761409A (en) Lightning protection early warning device for equipment of hydropower station switching station

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20060119

A977 Report on retrieval

Effective date: 20080605

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Effective date: 20080617

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131