JP4013873B2 - Gate opening / closing mechanism - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a gate opening / closing mechanism whose rotation is assisted by an urging means.

In general, a rear gate of a vehicle such as a station wagon, one box, hatchback, or SUV (Sports Utility Vehicle) is provided with a tailgate capable of opening and closing the opening. Further, depending on the type of vehicle, a glass window called a glass hatch is provided in such a tailgate so that the tailgate can be opened and closed with respect to the tailgate.
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, such a tailgate with a general glass hatch is urged upward by the glass hatch 101 so that the operator can open the glass hatch 101 with a small force. Gas springs (hereinafter referred to as glass spring gas springs) 102 and 102 are provided on both sides of the glass hatch 101 inside the tail gate 103, and the tail gate 103 is urged upward so that the operator can apply a small force. Gas springs (hereinafter referred to as tail gate gas springs) 104 and 104 for opening the tail gate 103 are interposed between both sides of the tail gate 103 and the vehicle body (not shown in FIG. 4). Yes.

  Such a general glass hatched tailgate 103 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 5 showing a cross-section thereof. The tailgate 103 is provided in the first step provided on the roof portion at the rear end of the vehicle 105. An opening at the rear end of the vehicle can be opened and closed with a moving shaft 107 as a center, and a glass hatch 101 is pivotally attached to the tailgate 103 with a hinge mechanism 108.

  In this way, by providing the glass hatch 101 in the tailgate 103, when a relatively small load is taken in and out of the vehicle, it is only necessary to open the glass hatch 101 with the tailgate 103 closed, When a relatively large baggage is taken in and out of the vehicle, the tail gate 103 may be opened, and the convenience of the operator is improved.

  Further, as described above with reference to FIG. 4, a gas spring 104 dedicated to the tailgate is interposed between the tailgate 103 and the vehicle body 105, and further, glass between the glass hatch 101 and the tailgate 103. A gas spring 102 dedicated to the hatch is interposed. Therefore, the tail gate 103 is rotated around the first rotation shaft 107 by the gas spring 104 dedicated to the tail gate (that is, counterclockwise in the figure about the first rotation shaft 107). Power (moment) is applied, and the glass hatch 101 is opened in the opening direction around the hinge mechanism 108 by the gas spring 102 dedicated to the glass hatch (that is, centering on the hinge mechanism 108 in the figure). The counterclockwise direction) is applied.

Another specific example of the tailgate 103 having the glass hatch gas spring 102 and the tailgate gas spring 104 independently provided is the following Patent Document 1.
JP-A-11-115498

  However, as described above, in the general tail gate 103 as shown in Patent Document 1 and FIGS. 4 and 5, the glass hatch gas spring 102 is independent of the tail gate gas spring 104 as described above. Therefore, in addition to the problem that the cost becomes higher than the tailgate 103 not equipped with the glass hatch 101, there is also a problem that the rear view is obstructed.

  Further, when the glass hatch gas spring 102 is attached to the tail gate 103, the weight of the tail gate 103 increases. Therefore, it is necessary to apply the gas spring 104 that generates a large force as the gas spring 104 for the tailgate. Generally, the gas spring 104 is increased in size and cost as the urging force is increased. End up. Therefore, as the weight of the tailgate 103 increases, the size of the tailgate gas spring 104 is increased, and the aesthetics of the interior of the vehicle is impaired, and the cost also increases.

  The above-described problems are not limited to those for the tailgate and glass hatch of the vehicle. For example, a general door used in a residence (corresponding to the tailgate described above) and the door can be rotated. Naturally, this also occurs in a configuration in which independent gas springs are provided in small windows (corresponding to the glass hatches described above) that can be opened and closed partially.

  The present invention has been devised in view of such a problem, and includes both a turning force for turning the first gate and a turning force for turning the second gate provided in the first gate. It is an object of the present invention to provide a gate opening / closing mechanism that can be generated by a biasing means.

The gate opening / closing mechanism according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a first gate supported rotatably about a first rotation shaft fixed to a fixing member, and a second gate provided on the first gate. A second gate supported so as to be pivotable about the pivot shaft, a third pivot shaft provided on the second gate, and a fourth pivot shaft provided on the fixed member. And a biasing means for generating a biasing force between the second gate and the fixing member, and the biasing force of the biasing means acts on the first gate via the second gate. When the rotational force about the first rotation axis acts on the first gate, the axis of the first rotation shaft is obtained when both the first gate and the second gate are in a fully closed state. When viewed from the direction, when the third rotation shaft is located closer to the opening direction of the first gate than the first straight line passing through the first rotation shaft and the fourth rotation shaft. Both are configured to be positioned on the second straight line passing through the second rotation shaft and the fourth rotation shaft or on the opening direction side of the second gate from the second straight line, and the third A straight line passing through the rotation axis and the fourth rotation axis is a third straight line, a distance between the third straight line and the first rotation axis is a first distance, and the third straight line and the second The distance from the rotation axis is the second distance, and the first distance when the first gate is fully open and the second gate is fully closed is the first distance when the first gate is fully closed. And it is comprised so that it may become larger than this 2nd distance when this 2nd gate is a full open state .

As a result, it is possible to make the biasing means common to the first gate and the second gate, and it is possible to generate a rotational force that rotates the first gate around the first rotation shaft. At the same time, it is possible to generate a rotational force that rotates the second gate around the second rotation axis.
Also, the initial rotation force for opening the fully closed first gate is applied to the first gate by the biasing means common to the first gate and the second gate, and the fully closed second gate is opened. Power can be applied to the second gate.
Further, using the biasing means common to the first gate and the second gate, the rotational power for holding the second gate in the fully open state is smaller than the rotational power for holding the first gate in the fully open state. Can be set to
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the gate opening / closing mechanism according to the first aspect , wherein the first distance is the first distance when both the first gate and the second gate are in a fully closed state . It is characterized by being configured to be larger than two distances .
Accordingly, when using the biasing means common to the first gate and the second gate, when the second gate is opened from the fully closed state, rather than the initial rotational force when the first gate is opened from the fully closed state. It can be set so that the initial turning power is smaller.

Also, the gate opening and closing mechanism of the present invention according to claim 3, in the context of the second aspect, the first distance when and second gate in the first gate is fully opened is fully closed , Greater than the first distance when both the first gate and the second gate are fully closed, and the first gate is fully closed and the second gate is fully open. The second distance in a certain case is configured to be larger than the second distance in a case where both the first gate and the second gate are in a fully closed state .
As a result, while using the biasing means common to the first gate and the second gate, the first gate is fully opened rather than the initial rotational force acting on the first gate when the fully closed first gate is opened. The turning force required for holding in the state can be set larger, and the second gate is held in the fully open state than the initial turning force acting on the second gate when the fully closed second gate is opened. It is possible to set a large rotational force necessary for the operation.

Also, the gate opening and closing mechanism of the present invention described in claim 4, in the context of any one of claims 1 to 3, the maximum value of the first distance is greater than the maximum value of the second distance It is configured as described above.
Accordingly, the maximum turning force of the first gate around the first turning shaft can be set to be larger than the maximum turning force of the second gate around the second turning shaft.

Also, the gate opening and closing mechanism of the present invention described in claim 5, turning the contents according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the first gate in the vertical direction around the first pivot axis The second gate is pivoted up and down around the second pivot axis, and the biasing means biases the first gate and the second gate upward . .
As a result, even when the first gate and the second gate are rotated in the vertical direction, that is, in the direction of the action of gravity, the first gate is used while using the same biasing means for the first gate and the second gate. And the turning power of the second gate can be set appropriately.

According to the gate opening / closing mechanism of the present invention, both the turning force for turning the first gate and the turning force for turning the second gate provided in the first gate are generated by one biasing means. There is an advantage that can be. That is, a force common to the first gate and the second gate is obtained by rotating the first gate about the first rotation axis and a force rotating the second gate about the second rotation axis. to obtain respectively by the biasing means, while reducing the weight of the first gate to prevent an increase in the size of the biasing means, Ru can contribute to aesthetics improve and control costs.

Further, by the biasing means common to the first gate and the second gate, a turning force for opening the first gate in the fully closed state around the first rotation shaft acts on the first gate, and the second rotation shaft. since turning force to open the second gate fully closed around the acts on the second gate, the operator Ru can rotate the first gate or the second gate with a small force.
Further, the first distance when the first gate is fully open and the second gate is fully closed is greater than the second distance when the first gate is fully closed and the second gate is fully open. The second gate is in the fully open state rather than the rotational force for holding the first gate in the fully open state while using the biasing means common to the first gate and the second gate. It is possible to set so that the rotational force for holding is reduced. Therefore, when the second gate is significantly lighter than the first gate, the powerful urging means that can hold the heavy first gate in the fully opened state causes the light second gate to rotate. However, the turning power of the second gate can be set smaller than the turning power of the first gate, and a situation in which the second gate is damaged can be prevented. Further, the second gate can be held in the fully opened state by the rotational force suitable for the weight of the second gate, and the operator can also rotate the fully opened second gate in the closing direction with a small force. it can. (Claim 1)

In addition, when both the first gate and the second gate are in the fully closed state, the first distance is set to be larger than the second distance, so that the first gate and the second gate are common. With the use of the biasing means, the initial rotational power when opening the fully closed second gate can be set smaller than the initial rotational power when opening the fully closed first gate. Therefore, the second gate is significantly lighter than the first gate, and a strong biasing means capable of rotating such a heavy first gate is used to generate the rotational force of the second gate. Even in such a case, when the fully-closed second gate is started to be opened, an excessive initial rotational force is prevented from acting on the second gate, and the second gate has an excessive momentum. in Ru it is possible to prevent such a situation that the open. (Claim 2)

The first distance when the first gate is fully open and the second gate is fully closed is greater than the first distance when both the first gate and the second gate are fully closed, and the first gate When the second gate is in the fully open state and the second gate is in the fully open state, the second distance is configured so that both the first gate and the second gate are larger than the second distance in the fully closed state. Therefore, the rotational force required to hold the first gate in the fully opened state can be set larger than the initial rotational force acting on the first gate when the fully closed first gate is opened, The rotational force required to hold the second gate in the fully opened state can be set larger than the initial rotational force acting on the second gate when the closed second gate is opened. Therefore, when the first gate in the fully closed state starts to open, a small initial rotational force acts to open the first gate gently, while in the fully opened state, a large rotational force acts to the first gate. The gate can be reliably held in the fully opened state. Similarly, when the fully closed second gate starts to open, a small initial turning force acts to open the second gate gently, while in the fully opened state, a large turning force acts. Ru can hold 2 gates reliably fully open state. (Claim 3)

In addition, since the maximum value of the first distance is configured to be larger than the maximum value of the second distance, the first rotational force of the second gate around the second rotation axis is greater than the first rotational force. The maximum turning force of the first gate around the rotation axis can be set to be larger.
Therefore, even when the second gate is much lighter than the first gate, it is suitable for the weight of the first gate while using the biasing means common to the first gate and the second gate. reacted with a large rotational force relative to the first gate was, and, Ru can act small rotational force suitable for the weight of the second gate with respect to the second gate. (Claim 4)

In addition, even when the first gate and the second gate are rotated in the vertical direction, that is, in the direction of the action of gravity, rotational force and the second gate rotational force and a Ru can appropriately set, respectively. (Claim 5)

  Hereinafter, a gate opening / closing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. FIGS. 1 to 3 are schematic cross-sectional views each showing a configuration thereof, FIG. 1 shows a case where the tailgate is in a fully open state and a case where the glass hatch is in a fully open state, FIG. 2 shows a case where the tailgate and the glass hatch are in a fully closed state, and FIG. The rear gate and glass hatch are shown.

First, as shown in FIG. 1, at the rear end of the vehicle body (fixing means) 1, a tail gate (first gate) 3 pivotally attached to a first rotating shaft 2 provided on the roof portion of the vehicle body 1 is provided. In addition, the rear end opening of the vehicle body 1 can be opened and closed by rotating the lower end 3a of the tailgate 3 up and down around the first rotation shaft 2.
Further, the tailgate 3 is provided with a tailgate latching mechanism (not shown), and the tailgate 3 is restricted from rotating by fixing the lower end 3a of the tailgate 3 to the vehicle body 1 as shown by a chain line in FIG. The tailgate 3 is maintained in a fully closed state. On the other hand, when the tail gate 3 is pulled upward by the operator around the first rotation shaft 2 with the latch mechanism released, the tail gate 3 is opened as shown by the solid line in FIG. The baggage can be taken in and out of the car. Further, when the tailgate 3 is pulled down again by the operator until it is fully closed, the lower end 3a of the tailgate 3 and the vehicle body 1 are fixed by the latch mechanism. In the present embodiment, an example in which the operator directly opens and closes the tailgate 3 by directly operating the tailgate 3 will be described. However, the tailgate 3 is opened and closed by driving means such as an electric motor. May be.

Further, the tail gate 3 is provided with a glass hatch (second gate) 5, and this glass hatch 5 is pivotally attached to a second rotating shaft 4 built in the tail gate 3. As shown, the glass hatch 5 can be rotated about the second rotation shaft 4 independently of the rotation of the tailgate 3.
Further, a glass hatch latch mechanism (not shown) is interposed between the glass hatch 5 and the tail gate 3, and the glass hatch 5 is fixed to the tail gate 3 to fix the glass hatch 5 to the second rotation axis. It is possible to maintain the glass hatch 5 in a fully closed state by restricting rotation about the center of the glass hatch 5.

  When the glass hatch 5 is lifted upward by the operator in a state where the latch mechanism for fixing the glass hatch 5 to the tailgate 3 is released, the glass hatch 5 rotates about the second rotation shaft 4. It is opened by doing so, and luggage can be taken in and out of the car. When the operator pulls down the glass hatch 5 until it is fully closed, the glass hatch 5 and the tailgate 3 are fixed by the latch mechanism.

  An L-shaped stay 8 having a third rotation shaft 7 is fixed to the inside of the glass hatch 5 and one end of the stay 8 is attached to a second rotation shaft 4 provided on the tailgate 3. It is pivotally attached. A fourth rotating shaft 9 is provided on the side of the rear end opening of the vehicle body 1. A gas spring (biasing means) 6 is interposed between the fourth rotating shaft 9 and the third rotating shaft 7, and the biasing force of the gas spring 6 causes the fourth rotating shaft 9 and the When the 3 rotation shaft 7 is pushed and spread, the turning force (moment) around the second rotation shaft 4 acts on the glass hatch 5, and the first rotation shaft 2 is applied to the tailgate 3. Rotation power centered on the center is activated.

  In other words, the urging force of the gas spring 6 is generated between the fourth rotating shaft 9 provided on the vehicle body 1 and the third rotating shaft 7 provided on the glass hatch 5. Although not acting, when the glass hatch 5 is fixed to the tailgate 3 by a latch mechanism (not shown), the urging force of the gas spring 6 acts on the tailgate 3 via the glass hatch 5. Thereby, the gas spring 6 can be shared by the tailgate 3 and the glass hatch 5.

Accordingly, the gas spring 6 can be prevented from being enlarged while reducing the weight of the tailgate 3, which can contribute to improving the aesthetics of the vehicle, reducing the cost, and ensuring the rear view.
Further, the gas spring 6 can cause the tailgate 3 to generate a turning force for rotating the tailgate 3 about the first rotation shaft 2 in the opening direction, and the second rotation shaft 4. As a result, the operator can open the tailgate 3 and the glass hatch 5 with a small force.

  As described above, instead of the gas springs that are conventionally provided independently in the tailgate and the glass hatch, in the present embodiment, the gas spring 6 that is common to the tailgate 3 and the glass hatch 5 is provided. The turning power for the tailgate 3 and the glass hatch 5 can be generated independently of each other. Hereinafter, the setting of the individual turning power for the tailgate 3 and the glass hatch 5 will be described.

  The shaft centers of the first to fourth rotating shafts 2, 4, 7, and 9 are provided along the width direction of the vehicle body 1, and the shafts 2, 4, 7, and 9 are parallel to each other. It arrange | positions so that it may become. Further, hereinafter, an imaginary straight line passing through the first rotation shaft 2 and the fourth rotation shaft 9 as viewed from the axial direction of the first to fourth rotation shafts 2, 4, 7, 9 is referred to as “first straight line”. "10", a virtual straight line passing through the second rotary shaft 4 and the fourth rotary shaft 9 is called "second straight line" 11, and the third rotary shaft 7 and the fourth rotary shaft 9 are An imaginary straight line that passes is referred to as a “third straight line” 12.

Further, the distance between the third straight line 12 and the first rotation axis 2, that is, the intersection of the virtual line passing through the first rotation axis 2 and orthogonal to the third straight line 12 and the third straight line 12, and the first time. The distance from the moving shaft 2 is referred to as a “first distance” L _1. The distance between the third straight line 12 and the second rotating shaft 4, that is, the third straight line 12 passing through the second rotating shaft 4. The distance between the intersection of the virtual line orthogonal to the third straight line 12 and the second rotation shaft 4 is referred to as “second distance” L ₂ . Further, in principle, “L ₁ ” and “L ₂ ” are used as the symbols indicating the first distance and the second distance, respectively. However, when the tailgate 3 is fully open and the glass hatch 5 is fully closed, The symbol “L _1open ” is used to indicate the first distance (see FIG. 1), and the symbol “L _1open ” is used to indicate the second distance when the tailgate 3 is fully closed and the glass hatch 5 is fully open. using L _2Open "(see FIG. 1), reference symbol" L _1Close is to indicate a first distance and second distance when both of the tailgate 3 and the glass hatch 5 is in the fully closed state "," L _2Close " (See FIG. 2), the maximum values of the first distance and the second distance are indicated using the symbols “L _1max ” and “L _2max ” (see FIG. 3).

First, as shown in FIG. 2, when both the tailgate 3 and the glass hatch 5 are in the fully closed state when viewed from the axial direction of the first to fourth rotation shafts 2, 4, 7, and 9, the third time The moving shaft 7 is set so as to be positioned closer to the opening direction of the tailgate 3 than the first straight line 10 passing through the first rotating shaft 2 and the fourth rotating shaft 9. The reason for this setting is as follows.
The third rotating shaft 7 is a force point of the urging force of the gas spring 6, and the urging force by the gas spring 6 is a third straight line (a virtual straight line passing through the third rotating shaft and the fourth rotating shaft). ) Acts along line 12. Therefore, the rotational force with respect to the tailgate 3 generated by the urging force is a distance L ₁ from the first rotation shaft 2 that is the rotation center to a point perpendicular to the urging force action line (that is, the third straight line) 12. It is determined by the product of the urging force (ie, L ₁ × biasing force).

Therefore, if the third rotation shaft 7 that is the force point of the urging force is on the first straight line 10, the third straight line 12 and the first straight line 10 coincide with each other. The distance between the first rotation shaft 2 and the third straight line 12 is also zero. In this case, no turning force is generated for the tailgate 3 no matter how large the urging force is.
In other words, if the third rotating shaft 7 that is the power point of the urging force of the gas spring 6 is shifted so as not to coincide with the first straight line 10, the turning force can be applied to the tailgate 3. . Therefore, in the present embodiment, by setting the position of the third rotation shaft 7 so that it is located in the opening direction of the tailgate 3 rather than on the first straight line 10, the tailgate 3 is in the fully closed state. Even so, the turning force in the opening direction can always be applied to the tail gate 3, so that the operator can open the tail gate 3 in the fully closed state with a small force.

Further, the third rotating shaft 7 is set so as to be positioned on a second straight line 11 passing through the second rotating shaft 4 and the fourth rotating shaft 9, and therefore attached by the gas spring 6. Even if a force is generated, the turning force for rotating the fully closed glass hatch 5 in the opening direction around the second rotation shaft 4 does not act.
That is, in other words, the fact that the third rotation shaft 7 is positioned on the second straight line 11 passing through the second rotation shaft 4 and the fourth rotation shaft 9 is the third line of action of the urging force. The second distance L _2, which is the distance between the straight line 12 and the second rotation shaft 4, which is the rotation center of the glass hatch 5, is zero. In this case, no matter how large the urging force is, the second distance L ₂ can rotate with respect to the glass hatch. There is no power.

However, even if the operator slightly rotates the glass hatch 5 in the opening direction, the third straight line 12 is displaced from the second rotating shaft 4 in the opening direction of the glass hatch 5, so 2 The second distance L _2, which is the distance to the rotating shaft 4, becomes L ₂ > 0, and the turning force in the opening direction with respect to the glass hatch 5 is generated by the urging force of the gas spring 6, and the operator has a small force The glass hatch can be rotated in the opening direction.

Hereinafter, the rotational force generated by the gas spring 6 when the tailgate 3 and the glass hatch 5 are in the fully closed state, and the rotational force acting on the tailgate 3 and the glass hatch 5 are referred to as “initial rotational force”. There is a case.
In order to increase the initial turning power of the tailgate 3, the urging force of the gas spring 6 is increased, or the third rotating shaft when both the tailgate 3 and the glass hatch 5 are in the fully closed state. 7 may be shifted to the opening direction side of the tailgate 3 far from the first straight line 10. If the initial turning force is set to be large, the tailgate 3 is automatically opened only by releasing the latch mechanism that fixes the lower end 3a of the tailgate 3 and the vehicle body 1. It is also possible to do.

  In the present embodiment, the third rotation shaft 7 is set so as to be positioned on the second straight line 11 so that the initial turning force with respect to the glass hatch 5 becomes zero. You may set so that it may be located in the open direction side of the glass hatch 5 rather than on the 2nd straight line 11. In such a setting, initial turning power is generated for the glass hatch 5, and depending on the setting of the magnitude of the initial turning power, the operator or the glass hatch latch mechanism is automatically released. It is also possible to set so that the glass hatch 5 is opened.

By the way, the first distance L _1open , which is the distance between the third straight line 12 and the first _rotation shaft 2 when the tailgate 3 is fully opened and the glass hatch 5 is fully closed, It is _set to be larger than a second distance L _2open which is a distance between the third straight line 12 and the second _rotation shaft 4 when the glass hatch 5 is in the closed state and the glass hatch 5 is fully opened (that is, L _1open > L _2open Is set).

Thereby, using the gas spring 6 common to the tailgate 3 and the glass hatch 5, the glass hatch is fully opened rather than the _turning force (= biasing force × L _1open ) for holding the tailgate 3 in the fully open state. The _rotating power for holding (= biasing force × L _2open ) is configured to be small. The reason for this setting is as follows.
In other words, the tailgate 3 is considerably heavy due to its structure, and the gas spring 6 needs to generate a certain amount of urging force in order to obtain a rotational force for holding such a heavy tailgate 3 in a fully opened state. It becomes. On the other hand, since the weight of the glass hatch 5 is significantly lighter than the weight of the tailgate 3, the rotational force required to hold the glass hatch 5 in the fully opened state is not so large.

  In other words, the rotational force required to hold the tailgate in the fully open state is excessive as the rotational force for holding the glass hatch in the fully open state, and if this excessive rotational force acts on the glass hatch, If this is done, the glass hatch opens with excessive momentum, which may damage the glass hatch. In addition, when the glass hatch is held in a fully opened state with such a large rotational force, the operator needs to apply a very large rotational force to the glass hatch when closing the glass hatch, It will cause deterioration of sex.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, a powerful urging force that can hold the tailgate 3 in the fully opened state is applied to the glass hatch 5, but the rotational force acting on the glass hatch 5 is applied to the tailgate 3. In order to make it smaller than the _rotating force that acts, _L2open is set to be shorter than _L1open . Then, by applying a turning force suitable for the weight of the glass hatch 5 to the glass hatch 5, the glass hatch 5 can be held in a fully opened state by a turning force having a preferable size, and the glass hatch 5 is damaged. It is possible to avoid such a situation. Furthermore, the operator can also close the fully opened glass hatch 5 with a small force. Since the glass hatch 5 is provided on the tail gate 3, the relationship between the weight of the tail gate 3 and the weight of the glass hatch 5 is naturally "tail gate weight> glass hatch weight".

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 2, the first distance L _1close when both the tailgate 3 and the glass hatch 5 are in the fully closed state is _set to be larger than the second distance L _2close (that is, L _1close > L _2close ) is set.
That is, as described above, the tailgate 3 is heavy, while the glass hatch 5 is significantly lighter than the tailgate 3, and a gas spring common to the tailgate 3 and the glass hatch 5 is used. 6 is used to generate the rotational force for the glass hatch 5 by using the strong biasing force generated by the gas spring 6 and necessary for rotating the heavy tailgate 3. However, even in such a case, the initial turning force for the glass hatch 5 is set to be smaller than the initial turning force for the tailgate 3, so that an appropriate amount according to the weight of the glass hatch 5 is set. The initial turning power can be obtained.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the first distance L _1open when the tailgate 3 is fully open and the glass hatch 5 is fully closed is that both the tailgate 3 and the glass hatch 5 are fully open. The second distance when the distance is larger than the first distance L _1close in the closed state (ie, L _1open > L _1close ), the tailgate 3 is in the fully closed state, and the glass hatch 5 is in the fully open state. The distance L _2open is _set to be larger than the second distance L _2close when both the tailgate 3 and the glass hatch 5 are fully closed (that is, L _2open > L _2close ). .

  Therefore, even when the glass hatch 5 is significantly lighter than the tailgate 3, the gas spring 6 common to the tailgate 3 and the glass hatch 5 is used while the tailgate 3 is fully opened. A large turning force suitable for the weight of the tailgate 3 is applied to the tailgate 3 to ensure that the tailgate 3 can be held in the fully open state, while the fully closed tailgate 3 starts to open. Can apply a small initial turning force to the tailgate 3 to prevent the tailgate 3 from starting to open with excessive momentum.

  Similarly, when the glass hatch 5 is fully opened, a rotational force suitable for the weight of the glass hatch 5 is applied to the glass hatch 5 to ensure that the glass hatch 5 can be held in the fully open state, while in the fully closed state. When the glass hatch 5 starts to open, a small initial turning force can be applied to the glass hatch 5, so that it is possible to prevent a situation where the glass hatch 5 starts to open with excessive momentum. .

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the maximum distance between the third straight line 12 passing through the third rotating shaft 7 and the fourth rotating shaft 9 and the first rotating shaft 2 (maximum value of the first distance). L _1max is configured to be larger than the maximum distance (maximum value of the second distance) L _2max between the third straight line 12 and the second _rotation shaft 4.
That is, in this embodiment in which the gas gate spring 6 of the tail gate 3 and the glass hatch 5 is shared, the strength of the urging force of the gas spring 6 against the tail gate 3 and the glass hatch 5 is naturally the same, but the first The distance L ₁ and the second distance L ₂ are different between the tailgate 3 and the glass hatch 5, and of course, the center of rotation from the point of application of the biasing force (ie, the third rotation shaft 7). The longer the distance to (that is, the first rotation shaft 2 or the second rotation shaft 4), the greater the rotational force that acts. Accordingly, the maximum _turning force for the tailgate 3 is determined by the length of the maximum first distance L _1max , and the maximum _turning force for the glass hatch 5 is determined by the maximum second distance L _2max .

  As a result, even if the glass hatch 5 is significantly lighter than the tailgate 3, the weight of the tailgate 3 can be reduced while using the gas spring 6 common to the tailgate 3 and the glass hatch 5. A suitable large turning force can be applied to the tailgate 3, and a small turning force suitable for the weight of the glass hatch 5 can be applied to the glass hatch 5.

Since the gate opening / closing mechanism according to one embodiment of the present invention is configured as described above, its operation and effect will be described as follows.
First, as shown in FIG. 2, when both the tailgate 3 and the glass hatch 5 are in the fully closed state, the third time is seen from the axial direction of the first to fourth axes 2, 4, 7, and 9. Since the moving shaft 7 is positioned on the opening direction side of the tailgate 3 with respect to the first straight line 10 passing through the first rotating shaft 2 and the fourth rotating shaft 9, the tailgate 3 is in a fully closed state. Since the turning force acts in the opening direction around the first rotation shaft 2, the operator can open the tailgate with a small force.

  When both the tailgate 3 and the glass hatch 5 are fully closed, the third rotation shaft 7 is on a second straight line 11 passing through the second rotation shaft 4 and the fourth rotation shaft 9. Since it is located, the initial turning force for the glass hatch 5 is zero. Then, when the glass hatch 5 is rotated in the opening direction by the operator, the third rotating shaft 7 is displaced from the second straight line 11 to the opening side of the glass hatch 5, and the glass hatch 5 is not moved. Rotational force in the opening direction acts around the second rotation shaft 4.

  Further, as shown by an arrow A in FIG. 1, when the tailgate 3 is opened, the glass hatch 5 is attached to the tailgate 3 by a latch mechanism (not shown) interposed between the glass hatch 5 and the tailgate 3. While fixing, the latch mechanism (not shown) interposed between the tailgate 3 and the vehicle body 1 is released, and then the tailgate 3 is lifted upward, so that the tailgate 3 is centered on the first rotation shaft 2. Rotate in the opening direction.

At this time, the urging force of the gas spring 6 first acts on the glass hatch 5 fixed to the tail gate 3, and the second time for connecting the glass hatch 5 and the glass hatch 5 to the tail gate 3. It is transmitted to the tailgate 3 via the moving shaft 4 and the latch mechanism. Thereafter, when the tailgate 3 is rotated until the tailgate 3 is fully opened, the product of the distance L _1open between the third straight line 12 and the first rotation shaft 2 at this time and the _urging force of the gas spring 6 (that is, , L _1open × biasing force), the tailgate 3 is held in a fully opened state.

On the other hand, as shown by arrow B in FIG. 1, when opening the glass hatch 5, the operator releases the latch mechanism (not shown) interposed between the glass hatch 5 and the tailgate 3, and then the glass hatch. When 5 is pulled upward, the glass hatch 5 rotates in the opening direction around the first rotation shaft 2.
At this time, the urging force of the gas spring 6 acts from the fourth rotation shaft 9 provided on the vehicle body 1 toward the third rotation shaft 7 of the glass hatch 5. That is, the urging force of the gas spring 6 acts on the third straight line 12 that is a virtual straight line passing through the axis of the fourth rotation shaft 9 and the axis of the third rotation shaft 7. When the glass hatch 5 is rotated about the second rotation shaft 4 until it is fully opened, the third straight line 12 that is the action line of the urging force of the gas spring 6 and the second rotation shaft 4 The glass hatch 5 is held in the fully open state by the rotational force obtained by the product of the distance L _2open between the _two and the _urging force of the gas spring 6 (ie, L _2open × biasing force).

Then, in the present embodiment, than the distance L _1Open when the tailgate 3 is fully opened, as towards the distance L _2Open when the glass hatch 5 is in the fully open state increases (i.e., _L 1open> _L2open ) is set so that the rotational force required to maintain the tailgate 3 in the fully open state is greater than the rotational force required to maintain the glass hatch 5 in the fully open state. It is set to be.

In other words, the rotating force acting on the glass hatch 5 is attenuated by L ₂ / L ₁ with respect to the urging force of the gas spring 3 while using the gas spring 6 common to the tailgate 3 and the glass hatch 5. Therefore, the excessive turning force does not act on the glass hatch 5 to prevent the situation where the glass hatch is opened with excessive momentum, and the operator holds the glass held in the fully opened state. Since the hatch can be closed with a small force, the operability can be improved.

  In addition, when the glass hatch 5 is significantly lighter than the tailgate 3, the rotating force of the light glass hatch 5 is generated by a powerful biasing means that can hold the heavy tailgate 3 in a fully opened state. However, the turning force of the glass hatch 5 can be set to be smaller than the turning force of the tailgate 3, and a situation in which the glass hatch 5 is damaged can be prevented. In addition, the glass hatch 5 can be held in the fully opened state by the rotational force suitable for the weight of the glass hatch 5, and the operator can also rotate the fully opened glass hatch 5 in the closing direction with a small force. it can.

  Further, the glass hatch 5 is significantly lighter than the tailgate 3, and such a powerful biasing means capable of rotating the heavy tailgate 3 is used to generate the rotational force of the glass hatch 5. Even in such a case, when the fully closed glass hatch 5 is started to be opened, an excessive initial turning force is prevented from acting on the glass hatch 5, and the glass hatch 5 has an excessive momentum. You can prevent the situation of opening.

  Further, when the fully closed tailgate 3 starts to open, a small initial turning force acts to open the tailgate 3 gently, while in the fully opened state, a large turning force acts to cause the tailgate. 3 can be reliably held in the fully open state. Similarly, when the fully closed glass hatch 5 starts to open, a small initial turning force acts to open the glass hatch 5 gently, while on the other hand, a large turning force acts on the glass hatch 5 The hatch 5 can be reliably held in the fully opened state.

  Even if the glass hatch 5 is much lighter than the tailgate 3, it is suitable for the weight of the tailgate 3 while using the biasing means common to the tailgate 3 and the glass hatch 5. A large turning force can be applied to the tailgate 3, and a small turning force suitable for the weight of the glass hatch 5 can be applied to the glass hatch 5.

Even when the tailgate 3 and the glass hatch 5 are rotated in the vertical direction, that is, in the direction of the action of gravity, the biasing means common to the tailgate 3 and the glass hatch 5 is used. The turning power and the turning power of the glass hatch 5 can be set appropriately.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, when both the tailgate 3 and the glass hatch 5 are fully closed, the third rotation shaft 7 passes through the first rotation shaft 2 and the fourth rotation shaft 9. The configuration is such that the tail gate 3 is positioned on the opening direction side of the first straight line. However, the present invention is not limited to this configuration. For example, when both the tail gate 3 and the glass hatch 5 are in the fully closed state, You may comprise so that the 3 rotation axis | shaft 7 may be located on a 1st straight line. Thereby, the turning force due to the urging force of the urging means does not act on the tailgate 3 in the fully closed state, while the tailgate 3 by the urging means is turned by the operator turning the tailgate 3 in the opening direction. Rotation power is generated. Therefore, the latch mechanism for fixing the tailgate 3 to the fixing means can be reduced in size, and the initial turning power does not act on the tailgate 3, so that the tailgate 3 is opened unintentionally by the operator. The situation can be prevented.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the tailgate 3 and the glass hatch 5 are rotated in the vertical direction, and the biasing means is configured to bias the tailgate 3 and the glass hatch 5 upward. For example, the first rotating shaft 2 and the second rotating shaft 4 are arranged in the vertical direction, and the first rotating shaft in which the tailgate 3 extends in the vertical direction is not limited to the above configuration. The glass hatch 5 may be configured to pivot in the horizontal direction by being pivotally attached to the second axis, and the glass hatch 5 may be configured to pivot in the horizontal direction by the second rotation shaft 4.

  In this case, even if the weight difference between the tailgate 3 and the glass hatch 5 is large, each of the tailgate 3 and the glass hatch 5 is rotated as compared with the case where the tailgate 3 and the glass hatch 5 are rotated in the vertical direction. Although the difference in rotational force required for operation does not change so much, the difference in moment of inertia causes a difference in rotational force necessary for rotation, so that the effect of the present invention can be sufficiently obtained. Is possible.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where the gas spring is applied as the urging means has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to such a gas spring, and other various urging means may be applied. Good.

  The present invention is not limited to vehicles, and can be widely applied to buildings such as houses and storerooms, and passenger transportation means such as ships.

It is sectional drawing which shows typically the structure of the gate opening / closing mechanism which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the structure of the gate opening / closing mechanism which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the structure of the gate opening / closing mechanism which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows typically the structure of the conventional gate opening / closing mechanism. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the conventional gate opening / closing mechanism typically.

Explanation of symbols

1 Car body (fixing member)
2 First pivot 3 Tail gate (first gate)
4 Second pivot 5 Glass hatch (second gate)
6 Gas spring (biasing means)
7 third rotation shaft 9 fourth rotation shaft 10 first straight line 11 and the second straight line 12 third linear _{L 1,} L 1open, L 1close first distance _{L 2,} L 2open, L 2close second distance

Claims (5)

A first gate supported to be rotatable about a first rotation shaft fixed to the fixing member;
A second gate supported on the first gate for rotation about a second rotation axis;
An urging force is provided between the second gate and the fixing member interposed between a third rotating shaft provided on the second gate and a fourth rotating shaft provided on the fixing member. With biasing means to generate,
When the urging force of the urging means acts on the first gate via the second gate, a turning force about the first rotation axis acts on the first gate ,
When both the first gate and the second gate are in a fully closed state,
Seen from the axial direction of the first rotation axis,
The third pivot axis is
It is located on the opening direction side of the first gate with respect to the first straight line passing through the first rotating shaft and the fourth rotating shaft, and passes through the second rotating shaft and the fourth rotating shaft. It is configured to be positioned on the second straight line or on the opening direction side of the second gate from the second straight line,
A straight line passing through the third rotation axis and the fourth rotation axis is defined as a third straight line,
A distance between the third straight line and the first rotation axis is a first distance,
The distance between the third straight line and the second rotation axis is the second distance,
The first distance when the first gate is fully open and the second gate is fully closed is the first distance when the first gate is fully closed and the second gate is fully open. A gate opening / closing mechanism characterized by being configured to be larger than two distances . When both the first gate and the second gate are fully closed,
The gate opening / closing mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the first distance is configured to be larger than the second distance . The first distance when the first gate is fully open and the second gate is fully closed is the first distance when both the first gate and the second gate are fully closed. Larger than, and
The second distance when the first gate is fully closed and the second gate is fully open is the second distance when both the first gate and the second gate are fully closed. The gate opening / closing mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the gate opening / closing mechanism is configured to be larger than the distance . The gate opening / closing mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein a maximum value of the first distance is configured to be larger than a maximum value of the second distance. . The first gate pivots up and down around the first pivot axis;
The second gate pivots up and down around the second pivot axis;
The gate opening / closing mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the biasing means biases the first gate and the second gate upward .

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