JP4009091B2

JP4009091B2 - Four-way selector valve

Info

Publication number: JP4009091B2
Application number: JP2001347100A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 英一笹田; 将司山下
Original assignee: Fujikoki Corp
Current assignee: Fujikoki Corp
Priority date: 2001-11-13
Filing date: 2001-11-13
Publication date: 2007-11-14
Anticipated expiration: 2021-11-13
Also published as: JP2003148835A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、四方切換弁に係り、特に、主弁に吐出圧力の逃し弁を副弁として備えた四方切換弁に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
一般に、ルームエアコン等に用いられる空気調和機は、冷媒の流れる方向を切換えて、冷房運転又は暖房運転を季節に応じて行うことができ、この冷媒の流れ方向の切換えは切換弁によって行っている。
図７は、該切換弁を用いた空気調和機の冷暖房サイクルの一例を示したものである。該冷暖房サイクルは、圧縮機Ｃと、切換弁ＳＶと、熱交換器Ｅ１，Ｅ２と、電子リニア制御弁Ｔとが接続され、冷房運転時の冷媒は、実線矢印で示すように、圧縮機Ｃ、切換弁ＳＶ、室外熱交換器Ｅ１、電子リニア制御弁Ｔ、室内熱交換器Ｅ２の順に流れ、切換弁ＳＶを経て、再び圧縮機Ｃに戻って循環する。
暖房運転時の冷媒は、一点鎖線の矢印で示すように、圧縮機Ｃ、切換弁ＳＶ、室内熱交換器Ｅ２、電子リニア制御弁Ｔ、室外熱交換器Ｅ１の順に流れ、切換弁ＳＶを経て、再び圧縮機Ｃに戻って循環する。
【０００３】
前記切換弁の一例として、四方切換弁の技術が種々提案されている。
例えば、実用新案登録第２５２３０３１号公報記載の四方切換弁の技術は、弁本体内において吐出圧力導通孔及び導通孔、吸入圧力導通孔及び導通孔における相互間の冷媒流路の切換えを主弁の内側と外側とで行っている。
【０００４】
しかし、この技術においては、主弁の内側では低圧の吸入圧力が生じ、主弁の外側では高圧の吐出圧力が生じるので、主弁を挟んで圧力差が発生することから切換え動作が重くなる傾向があり、この点で、この四方切換弁は冷媒流路の切換え動作の容易性・敏捷性については特に考慮がなされていない。
また、特公平１−３２３８９号公報記載の四方切換弁の技術は、弁本体の圧力差をなくした後に、主弁による冷媒通路の切換え動作が行われるものであるが、弾性部材の伸縮によって主弁の回動を行っているので、冷媒流路の切換え動作の敏捷性、及び四方切換弁の信頼性については格段の配慮がなされていない。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
そこで、本出願人は、上記問題を解決するために、先に特願２０００−３３０３７７号及び特願２００１−１４７２６５号として、冷媒流路の切換え動作の容易性及び敏捷性の向上を課題とした四方切換弁を提供している。
本発明は、更にこれを改良したもので、その課題とするところは、冷媒流路の切換えの容易性、敏捷性及び構成・動作の簡略性の一層の向上を図るとともに、切換弁の信頼性を一層向上させることができる四方切換弁を提供することにある。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記課題を達成すべく本発明に係る電動弁は、下記の手段からなるものである。
請求項１記載の四方切換弁は、ステータ（２０）とロータ（４０）からなるモータ部（１０）と、ケース（３０）と該ケース（３０）内の弁室（７３）に配置された主弁（７０）と弁本体（５０）とを備えた四方切換弁（１００）において、
弁本体（５０）には、圧縮機（Ｃ）の吸入圧力側と吐出圧力側とにそれぞれ連通する吸入圧力導通孔（５４）と吐出圧力導通孔（５５）と、室内及び室外の各熱交換器にそれぞれ連通する二つの導通孔（５６，５７）とを備え、主弁（７０）は、前記吸入圧力導通孔（５４）と前記二つの導通孔（５６，５７）とを選択的に連通する連通部（７４）と、該連通部（７４）と前記弁室（７３）とを連通する均圧孔（７７）とを備えるとともに、主弁（７０）上には、ロータ（４０）の回転に連動する副弁（６０）を設けると共に、副弁（６０）には圧力の移動・停止を図る２つの均圧孔閉塞部（６３ａ，６３ｂ）を設け、
該副弁（６０）の回転により、均圧孔（７７）を２つの均圧孔閉塞部（６３ａ，６３ｂ）のいずれかにより均圧孔（７７）を閉塞すると共に、均圧孔（７７）が閉状態において、主弁（７０）を導通孔（５６，５７）切換えのために移動させることを特徴とする。
【０００７】
請求項２記載の四方切換弁は、請求項１記載の手段に加えて、副弁（６０）に、主弁（７０）側に設けられた主弁連動突杆（７２）を遊嵌する曲孔（６４）を形成し、ロータ（４０）の回転によって、副弁（６０）が所定角度以上の回動をしたとき、主弁（７０）を回動させることを特徴とする。
【０００８】
請求項３記載の四方切換弁は、請求項１叉は２記載の手段において、いずれかの均圧孔閉塞部（６３ａ，６３ｂ）が均圧孔（７７）を閉塞する位置において、モータ部（１０）が停止したとき、副弁（６０）が更に所定角度回転しても、主弁（７０）の弁本体当接部（７８）が二つの導通孔（５６，５７）の開口部のいずれにもかからない余裕の幅を持って形成されていることを特徴とする。
なお、上記構成部材には、実施例との対応関係を理解し易くするために図面符号を付したが、前記特許請求の範囲に記載の発明は、実施例のものに限定されるものではない。
また、請求項３記載の四方切換弁の構成要件の内、「余裕の幅」とは、主弁（７０）に対して副弁（６０）が、モータ特性や機械的振動により、所定の停止位置よりずれた場合でも、弁本体当接部（７８）が導通孔（５４，５７）の開口部にかからず、したがって、弁室（７３）と導通孔（５４，５７）とを連通させる（バイパスさせる）惧れがない幅という意味である。
【０００９】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面により本発明の四方切換弁１００の実施形態について説明する。図１は、本発明の実施例における四方切換弁の縦断面図、図２は、図１の四方切換弁の背面図、図３（Ａ）〜（Ｄ）は、同四方切換弁の動作を示す図１のＡ−Ａ断面図、図４は、図３の（Ａ）〜（Ｄ）に対応する作動を示す説明図である。
なお、以下の説明において、「上下左右」の意味は、図面の記載における上下左右であり、実際に使用状態においては、必ずしも上下左右になるとは限らない。
【００１０】
図示の実施例の四方切換弁１００は、ステッピングモータを備えたモータ部１０と、主弁７０を備えた弁本体５０とからなり、本実施例の四方切換弁１００は、主弁７０を、前記ステッピングモータへの通電に伴って弁本体５０上で回動させ、冷媒流路の切換えを行わせる。
モータ部１０は、ステータ２０とロータ４０とから構成され、ステータ２０は、上下に格納されたステータコイル２１及びヨーク２２を備え、ステ一タコイル２１には、リード線が束ねられたケーブル２３及びステータ２０の外周に設けられたコネクタ２４が接続されている。
【００１１】
弁本体５０には、ケース受部５２が螺合され、該ケース受部５２の上縁部には本体ケース５１が設けられると共に、該本体ケース５１に、キャンであるケース３０が気密状に連結固定される。また、弁本体５０上の弁室７３には、主弁７０と、該主弁７０上に配置される副弁６０とが配置され、弁本体５０下部には導管群（図外）が設けられる。
また、ケース３０にはモータ部１０が外嵌されるとともに、ロータ４０等が内嵌される。なお、ケース３０、本体ケース５１及びケース受部５２は、例えば、ステンレスを素材として形成される。
【００１２】
ロータ４０は支持軸４２に挿設され、その外周には磁石を具備している。また、ロータ４０下部には連結リング枠４１を介して副弁６０の駆動部４７が一体的に且つ支持軸４２に沿って配置される。駆動部４７の外周には一定高さにわたって駆動歯部が形成されている。
【００１３】
支持軸４２は、下部が弁本体５０に支持されており、上部は、ケース３０に支持されている支持枠３１に軸支されている。また、後述の主弁７０側と支持軸４２側のばね受４５との間に縮装された押しばね４６により、弾性的に上方に支持されている。
【００１４】
ケース３０の下部は、本体ケース５１が一体接合され、本体ケース５１は、ケース受部５２に嵌合・連結され、更に、下部は弁本体５０が内嵌・螺合され、ケース３０、本体ケース５１、ケース受部５２及び弁本体５０は一体に固定されている。
弁本体５０の上面は弁室７３の底部を構成しており、圧縮機の吸入圧力を導入する吸込圧力導通孔５４、吐出圧力を導入する吐出圧力導通孔５５、室内及び室外の熱交換器に連通される室外熱交換器用導通孔５６及び室内熱交換器用導通孔５７が設けられている。
【００１５】
導通孔について、図３，５を参照して更に詳しく説明すると、前記吸入圧力導通孔５４及び前記吐出圧力導通孔５５は、前記支持軸４２を中心としてその対称位置に設けられているとともに、室外熱交換器用導通孔５６及び室内熱交換器用導通孔５７は、前記支持軸４２を中心としてその対称位置で吸入圧力導通孔５４と吐出圧力導通孔５５とから所定角度位置を異にしてそれぞれ設けられている。
【００１６】
図示しない導管群は、吸入圧力導通孔５４に接続される吸入圧力導通管と、吐出圧力導通孔５５に接続される吐出圧力導通管と、室外熱交換器用導通孔５６に接続される室外熱交換器用導通管と、室内熱交換器用導通孔５７に接続される室内交換機用導通管の四本からなり、前記弁本体５０の下端側にそれぞれ接続固定される。
【００１７】
前記主弁７０は、前記ケース３０内の弁室７３に収容され、弁本体５０の上面で回転・摺動可能に載置されている。主弁７０は、図３（Ａ）〜（Ｃ）に示すように、平面視左右対称の蝶の羽根形で、一定高さを有し、その中心部の中央凹部には、支持軸孔が穿設され、更に、その下面には、１つの同芯状に形成された連通部７４が形成される。また、連通部７４の周部は、弁本体５０上面への当接部、即ち、弁本体当接部７８を形成する。
【００１８】
上記連通部７４は、図３（Ａ）及び図４（Ａ）の状態では、吸込圧力導通孔５４と室内熱交換器用の導通孔５７とを連通させている。また、この状態においては、吐出圧力導通孔５５と室外熱交換器用の導通孔５６とが弁室７３を介して連通している。
また、上記連通部７４は、図３（Ｄ）及び図４（Ｄ）の状態では、吸込圧力導通孔５４と室外熱交換器用の導通孔５６とを連通させている。また、この状態においては、吐出圧力導通孔５５と室内熱交換器用の導通孔５７とが弁室７３を介して連通している。
【００１９】
更に、主弁７０には、上記連通部７４と上方の弁室７３とを連通する均圧孔７７が穿設されている。均圧孔７７は、これを開としたとき、弁室７３から連通部７４への冷媒の流れにより、弁室７３と連通部７４との流体圧が近似することになり、主弁７０を回動させたときに、主弁７０の回動がスムースに成り、その結果、冷媒の切り換えが円滑、迅速、且つ、容易になる。
また、主弁７０の上面には、主弁連動突杆７２が立設されており、この主弁連動突杆７２は、後述の副弁６０に形成された曲孔６４に遊嵌されている。即ち、主弁連動突杆７２が曲孔６４内を遊動している間は、副弁６０は主弁７０に回転力を付与しないが、主弁連動突杆７２が曲孔６４の端部に当接し、更に、副弁６０が回転するときは、曲孔６４の回転、即ち、副弁６０の回転により、主弁連動突杆７２、即ち、主弁７０が共動して回転することになる。
【００２０】
前記主弁７０の上面には副弁６０が配置されている。副弁６０は、主弁７０を回転・駆動すると共に、主弁７０に形成されている均圧孔７７を開閉し、以って、主弁７０に形成されている連通部７４と本体ケース５１内の弁室７３との間を連通又は閉鎖して圧力の移動・遮断を図り、弁本体５０に対する主弁７０の押圧力を調整する（減少させる）作用を有するものである。
副弁６０は、平面視円形で一定厚みを有し、その外周部には受動歯部６２が形成される。また、その中央部には回転軸孔６１が穿設され、主弁７０の上面に立設された回転軸７１に軸支される。前記受動歯部６２の歯数と駆動部４７の歯数との比を適宜選択することで、受動歯部６２側のトルクを増幅させるように設定することができる。なお、副弁６０の少なくとも主弁７０との当接面には、回転抵抗を低減させるために、テフロン含有樹脂やテフロン含有の表面処理した金属などを用いことが好ましい。また、逆に、主弁７０上面に同様の材料を用いても良い。
【００２１】
副弁６０は、駆動部４７の回転により主弁７０上で回転し、所定角度以上の回転においては主弁７０を支持軸４２を中心に回転させる機能を有すると共に、均圧孔７７を開閉させる機能を有する。
そのために、副弁６０の周部には、一定範囲にわたって曲孔６４が形成されると共に、曲孔６４の左右端位置に、それぞれ均圧孔閉塞部６３ａ，６３ｂを設ける。この実施例では、均圧孔閉塞部６３ａ，６３ｂは、副弁６０に形成された孔に別部材として嵌合・固定されていることから、均圧孔閉塞部６３ａ，６３ｂの着脱・交換が可能となっている。
【００２２】
次に、本実施例の四方切換弁の作動について図３，４を用いて説明する。
モータ部１０において、ケーブル２３及びコネクタ２４を通じてステータコイル２１を通電励磁させることにより、ロータ４０の回転を介して、副弁６０が、駆動部４７を介してモータ部１０の単位パルス当りの回転角度に応じて主弁７０上を回動し、均圧孔７７を開閉すると共に、更なるロータ４０の回転により、主弁７０が副弁６０と共動して弁本体５０上を回動し、後述する冷媒流れの切換えが行われる。
【００２３】
次に、前記四方切換弁１００具体的な作動について説明する。
図３の（Ａ）〜（Ｄ）及び図４の（Ａ）〜（Ｄ）は、四方切換弁１００の動作を説明するための動作説明図である。
【００２４】
図３（Ａ），図４（Ａ）は、冷房運転時のセット状態を示しており、吸入圧力導通管（吸込圧力導通孔５４）と室内熱交換器用の導通管（導通孔５７）とが主弁７０の連通部７４を介して連通し、吐出圧力導通孔５５と室外熱交換器用の導通孔５６とが主弁７０の外側、すなわち弁室７３に連通している。
この状態では、弁室７３内の圧力と連通部７４内の圧力との間に大きな圧力差があり、主弁７０はこの圧力差によって弁本体５０に押え付けられていて容易には移動しない。この状態から冷媒流路の切換えを行う場合に、四方切換弁１００は、逃し弁である副弁６０を用いることで弁室７３と連通部７４の各圧力の均衡を図り、主弁７０を押え付ける力を除いた後に主弁７０の回動動作を行う。
【００２５】
まず、図３（Ａ），図４（Ａ）の状態において、ステッピングモータに対するパルス入力により、駆動部４７を介して、この歯車と噛み合う副弁６０が回転することで、副弁６０の一方の均圧孔閉塞部６３ａによって閉塞されていた主弁７０の均圧孔７７が解放され、弁室７３の冷媒が均圧孔７７を介して連通部７４内に導入されて弁室７３内の圧力と連通部７４内の圧力との均衡が図られる。
【００２６】
図３（Ｂ）、図４（Ｂ）の状態の如く、副弁６０が一定角度回転して、均圧孔７７の閉止が解かれ、開状態となると、弁室７３と連通部７４との圧力均衡が図られ、その後、曲孔６４が主弁連動突杆７２に当接（衝突）すると共に他方の均圧孔閉塞部６３ｂによって主弁７０の均圧孔７７が閉塞され（図３（Ｃ）、図４（Ｃ））、この状態で曲孔６４が主弁連動突杆７２を押して、主弁７０を時計の針の方向に一定の角度、即ち、図３（Ｄ）、図４（Ｄ）の状態の如くなるまで回動・摺動させる。
この動作により、主弁７０の連通部７４による吸込圧力導通孔５４と導通孔５７との連通が、吸込圧力導通孔５４と導通孔５６との連通に切換わり、同時に、弁室７３を介した吐出圧力導通孔５５と導通孔５６との連通が、吐出圧力導通孔５５と導通孔５７との連通に切換わる。
【００２７】
この動作により、暖房運転時のセット状態、すなわち、吸込圧力導通孔５４と室外熱交換器用の導通孔５６とが主弁７０の連通部７４を介して連通し、吐出圧力導通孔５５と室内熱交換器用の導通孔５７とが弁室７３を介して連通することになる。また、この間、他方の均圧孔閉塞部６３ｂによって均圧孔７７を閉塞した状態で主弁７０を回動させることで、弁室７３と連通部７４と間の圧力差に変動がないから、主弁７０の回動が円滑となる。
なお、図３（Ｄ）、図４（Ｄ）の状態から、図３（Ａ）、図４（Ａ）の状態とする場合は、モータ部１０を反対の方向に回動作動させればよい。
【００２８】
以上のように、本発明の四方切換弁１００は、モータ部１０への入力パルスによって、副弁６０を主弁７０上で回動した後、主弁７０が弁本体５０上を充分なトルクで回動し、且つ、弁室７３と連通部７４との圧力の均衡を図った後に冷媒の流れの切換えを行うから、簡単な構成・動作で、冷媒の流路の切換え動作を容易、かつ、迅速に行うことができ、さらに、四方切換弁１００の信頼性の向上を図ることができる。
【００２９】
また、副弁６０・主弁７０共に、簡単な構成で機能させることができるから、可動部品点数を減らして四方切換弁１００の製品コストの低減を図ることができる。
【００３０】
図５の（Ａ）〜（Ｄ）は同四方切換弁の別例の動作を示すもので、図６（Ａ）〜（Ｄ）は、図５の（Ａ）〜（Ｄ）に対応する作動を示す説明図である。また、図５，６に付した符号で、図３，４と同一符号を付した部材は、同一構成を有するものとする。この別例の特徴は、主弁７０の弁本体５０に当接する弁本体当接部７８を、図５（Ａ）、図６（Ａ）に示す状態において、吸込圧力導通孔５４の開口部の縁部、及び、導通孔５７の縁部から余裕の幅Ｙをもって配置させた点にある。
【００３１】
上記構成により、図５（Ａ）、図６（Ａ）において、均圧孔閉塞部６３ａが均圧孔７７を閉塞する位置において、モータ部への通電を停止したとき、副弁６０がモータ特性等により、更に所定角度回転しても（図５（Ｂ）、図６（Ｂ））、主弁７０の弁本体当接部７８が二つの導通孔５４，５７の開口部のいずれにもかからないよう、余裕の幅Ｙをもって形成されている。
また、上記構成により、図５（Ｃ）、図６（Ｃ）において、均圧孔閉塞部６３ｂが均圧孔７７を閉塞する位置において、モータ部１０への通電を停止した状態のとき、副弁６０が更に所定角度回転しても（図５（Ｄ）、図６（Ｄ））、主弁７０の弁本体当接部７８が二つの導通孔５４，５６の開口部のいずれにもかからない。したがって、本発明の四方切換弁１００は、種々のモータ特性をもった製品に対応させることができる。
【００３２】
以上、本発明の一実施形態について詳説したが、本発明は、前記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、また、空気調和機に限らず、流路の切換えを行うすべての機器に利用できるものである。
【００３３】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明から理解できるように、このように構成された本発明の四方切換弁は、使用に当ってその切り換えが迅速にでき、構成が簡単で、耐久性もよく、故障が少なく、部品交換が容易で汎用性にも優れているという効果がある。
また、曲孔を主弁側に設けた主弁連動突杆に遊嵌させ、曲孔側壁が主弁連動突杆に当接する状態において主弁を回動させることで、簡単な構成ながら、確実な回動力の伝達が可能となる。また、副弁に均圧孔閉塞部を２つ設けたことで、モータ部の動作を簡略化した。更に、連通部の導通孔開口部に対する形状に余裕を持たせたことで、汎用性の向上を図ることができた。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施例における四方切換弁の縦断面図。
【図２】図１の四方切換弁の背面図。
【図３】（Ａ）〜（Ｄ）は同四方切換弁の動作を示す図１のＡ−Ａ断面図。
【図４】図３の（Ａ）〜（Ｄ）に対応する作動を示す説明図。
【図５】（Ａ）〜（Ｄ）は同四方切換弁の別例の動作を示す図３に対応する断面図。
【図６】図５の（Ａ）〜（Ｄ）に対応する作動を示す説明図。
【図７】冷暖房運転時のサイクル構成図。
【符号の説明】
Ｃ・・・圧縮機ＳＶ・・・切換弁Ｔ・・・電子リニア制御弁
Ｅ１，Ｅ２・・熱交換器Ｙ・・・余裕の幅
１０・・モータ部
２０・・ステータ２１・・ステータコイル２２・・ヨーク
２３・・ケーブル２４・・コネクタ
３０・・ケース（キャン）３１・・支持枠
４０・・ロータ４１・・連結リング枠４２・・支持軸
４５・・ばね受４６・・押しばね（弾性部材）
４７・・駆動部４８・・ステータ保持杆４９・・取付ボルト
５０・・弁本体５１・・本体ケース５２・・ケース受部
５３・・取付ねじ部５４・・吸込圧力導通孔
５５・・吐出圧力導通孔５６・・（室外熱交換器用の）導通孔
５７・・（室内熱交換器用の）導通孔５８・・主弁ストッパ
６０・・副弁６１・・回転軸孔６２・・受動歯部
６３ａ，６３ｂ・・均圧孔閉塞部６４・・曲孔
７０・・主弁７１・・回転軸７２・・主弁連動突杆
７３・・弁室７４・・連通部７７・・均圧孔
７８・・弁本体当接部１００・・四方切換弁[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a four-way switching valve, and more particularly to a four-way switching valve in which a main valve is provided with a discharge pressure relief valve as a sub valve.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, an air conditioner used in a room air conditioner or the like can change the flow direction of refrigerant and perform cooling operation or heating operation according to the season, and the change of the flow direction of the refrigerant is performed by a switching valve. .
FIG. 7 shows an example of a cooling / heating cycle of an air conditioner using the switching valve. In the cooling / heating cycle, the compressor C, the switching valve SV, the heat exchangers E1, E2, and the electronic linear control valve T are connected, and the refrigerant during the cooling operation is the compressor C as shown by the solid line arrow. The switching valve SV, the outdoor heat exchanger E1, the electronic linear control valve T, and the indoor heat exchanger E2 flow in this order, and then return to the compressor C and circulate through the switching valve SV.
The refrigerant during the heating operation flows in the order of the compressor C, the switching valve SV, the indoor heat exchanger E2, the electronic linear control valve T, and the outdoor heat exchanger E1, as indicated by the one-dot chain line arrow, and passes through the switching valve SV. Then, it returns to the compressor C and circulates again.
[0003]
Various techniques of a four-way switching valve have been proposed as an example of the switching valve.
For example, the technology of the four-way switching valve described in Utility Model Registration No. 2523031 discloses switching of the refrigerant flow path between the discharge pressure conduction hole and conduction hole, the suction pressure conduction hole and conduction hole in the valve body. This is done on the inside and outside.
[0004]
However, in this technique, since a low suction pressure is generated inside the main valve and a high discharge pressure is generated outside the main valve, a switching operation tends to be heavy because a pressure difference is generated across the main valve. In this respect, the four-way switching valve does not particularly take into consideration the ease and agility of the refrigerant flow switching operation.
In addition, the technology of the four-way switching valve described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-332389 is such that after the pressure difference of the valve body is eliminated, the switching operation of the refrigerant passage by the main valve is performed. Since the valve is rotating, no particular consideration has been given to the agility of the refrigerant flow switching operation and the reliability of the four-way switching valve.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the applicant of the present invention previously made Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-330377 and Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-147265 as an object to improve the ease of switching operation and agility of the refrigerant flow path. A four-way switching valve is provided.
The present invention is a further improvement of the present invention, and the problem is that the ease and agility of switching the refrigerant flow path and the simplicity of the configuration and operation are further improved, and the reliability of the switching valve is improved. Is to provide a four-way switching valve.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the motor-operated valve according to the present invention comprises the following means.
The four-way selector valve according to claim 1 is a main part disposed in a motor part (10) comprising a stator (20) and a rotor (40), a case (30) and a valve chamber (73) in the case (30). In the four-way selector valve (100) comprising a valve (70) and a valve body (50),
The valve body (50) includes a suction pressure conduction hole (54) and a discharge pressure conduction hole (55) communicating with the suction pressure side and the discharge pressure side of the compressor (C), respectively, and each heat exchange between the indoor and the outdoor. The main valve (70) selectively communicates between the suction pressure conduction hole (54) and the two conduction holes (56, 57). And a pressure equalizing hole (77) for communicating the communication portion (74) and the valve chamber (73). On the main valve (70), the rotor (40) The auxiliary valve (60) interlocked with the rotation is provided, and the auxiliary valve (60) is provided with two pressure equalizing hole closing portions (63a, 63b) for moving and stopping the pressure,
By rotating the auxiliary valve (60), the pressure equalizing hole (77) is closed by one of the two pressure equalizing hole closing portions (63a, 63b) and the pressure equalizing hole (77). In the closed state, the main valve (70) is moved for switching the conduction holes (56, 57).
[0007]
In addition to the means described in claim 1, the four-way switching valve according to claim 2 is a curve for loosely fitting the main valve interlocking protrusion (72) provided on the main valve (70) side to the auxiliary valve (60). A hole (64) is formed, and the main valve (70) is rotated when the sub valve (60) rotates more than a predetermined angle by the rotation of the rotor (40).
[0008]
A four-way switching valve according to a third aspect is the means according to the first or second aspect, wherein the motor portion (at the position where any of the pressure equalizing hole closing portions (63a, 63b) closes the pressure equalizing hole (77)). When 10) stops, even if the sub-valve (60) further rotates by a predetermined angle, the valve main body abutting portion (78) of the main valve (70) is not connected to any of the openings of the two conduction holes (56, 57). It is characterized in that it is formed with a margin that does not take.
In addition, although the drawing code | symbol was attached | subjected to the said structural member in order to make a corresponding relationship with an Example easy to understand, the invention as described in the said claim is not limited to the thing of an Example. .
In addition, among the constituent features of the four-way switching valve according to claim 3, the “margin” means that the sub-valve (60) has a predetermined stoppage due to motor characteristics and mechanical vibration relative to the main valve (70). Even when the position is deviated from the position, the valve main body contact portion (78) does not reach the opening of the conduction hole (54, 57), and therefore the valve chamber (73) and the conduction hole (54, 57) are communicated with each other. It means that there is no fear of (bypassing).
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the four-way switching valve 100 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a four-way switching valve in an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a rear view of the four-way switching valve in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 3 (A) to 3 (D) show the operation of the four-way switching valve. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an operation corresponding to (A) to (D) in FIG.
In the following description, “up, down, left and right” means up, down, left and right in the description of the drawings. In actual use, it does not necessarily mean up, down, left and right.
[0010]
The four-way switching valve 100 in the illustrated embodiment includes a motor unit 10 having a stepping motor and a valve body 50 having a main valve 70. The four-way switching valve 100 in this embodiment includes the main valve 70, As the stepping motor is energized, it is rotated on the valve body 50 to switch the refrigerant flow path.
The motor unit 10 includes a stator 20 and a rotor 40, and the stator 20 includes a stator coil 21 and a yoke 22 that are vertically stored. The stator coil 21 includes a cable 23 in which lead wires are bundled and a stator. A connector 24 provided on the outer periphery of 20 is connected.
[0011]
A case receiving portion 52 is screwed onto the valve main body 50, and a main body case 51 is provided at the upper edge of the case receiving portion 52, and a case 30 serving as a can is connected to the main body case 51 in an airtight manner. Fixed. The valve chamber 73 on the valve body 50 is provided with a main valve 70 and a sub valve 60 disposed on the main valve 70, and a conduit group (not shown) is provided at the lower part of the valve body 50. .
The case 30 is fitted with the motor unit 10 and the rotor 40 and the like. The case 30, the main body case 51, and the case receiving portion 52 are made of, for example, stainless steel.
[0012]
The rotor 40 is inserted into the support shaft 42 and has a magnet on its outer periphery. In addition, the drive unit 47 of the sub valve 60 is disposed integrally and along the support shaft 42 via the connecting ring frame 41 at the lower portion of the rotor 40. Drive tooth portions are formed on the outer periphery of the drive portion 47 over a certain height.
[0013]
The lower part of the support shaft 42 is supported by the valve body 50, and the upper part is pivotally supported by the support frame 31 supported by the case 30. Further, it is elastically supported upward by a pressing spring 46 that is mounted between a later-described main valve 70 side and a spring receiver 45 on the support shaft 42 side.
[0014]
A main body case 51 is integrally joined to a lower portion of the case 30, the main body case 51 is fitted and connected to a case receiving portion 52, and further, a valve main body 50 is internally fitted and screwed to the lower portion. 51, the case receiving part 52, and the valve main body 50 are integrally fixed.
The upper surface of the valve body 50 constitutes the bottom of the valve chamber 73, and is connected to a suction pressure conduction hole 54 for introducing the suction pressure of the compressor, a discharge pressure conduction hole 55 for introducing the discharge pressure, and a heat exchanger indoors and outdoors. An outdoor heat exchanger conduction hole 56 and an indoor heat exchanger conduction hole 57 that are communicated with each other are provided.
[0015]
The conduction hole will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 3 and 5. The suction pressure conduction hole 54 and the discharge pressure conduction hole 55 are provided at symmetrical positions with the support shaft 42 as a center. The heat exchanger conduction hole 56 and the indoor heat exchanger conduction hole 57 are provided at different positions from the suction pressure conduction hole 54 and the discharge pressure conduction hole 55 at symmetrical positions around the support shaft 42. ing.
[0016]
A conduit group (not shown) includes an intake pressure conduction pipe connected to the suction pressure conduction hole 54, a discharge pressure conduction pipe connected to the discharge pressure conduction hole 55, and an outdoor heat exchange connected to the conduction hole 56 for the outdoor heat exchanger. It consists of four pipes for the indoor conduction pipe and the indoor pipe for the indoor exchanger connected to the indoor heat exchanger conduction hole 57, and is connected and fixed to the lower end side of the valve body 50.
[0017]
The main valve 70 is accommodated in a valve chamber 73 in the case 30 and is placed on the upper surface of the valve body 50 so as to be rotatable and slidable. As shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C, the main valve 70 is a butterfly wing shape that is symmetrical in plan view, has a certain height, and a support shaft hole is formed in the central recess at the center. Further, one communicating portion 74 formed in a concentric shape is formed on the lower surface thereof. Further, the peripheral portion of the communication portion 74 forms a contact portion with the upper surface of the valve body 50, that is, a valve body contact portion 78.
[0018]
In the state shown in FIGS. 3 (A) and 4 (A), the communication portion 74 allows the suction pressure conduction hole 54 and the conduction hole 57 for the indoor heat exchanger to communicate with each other. In this state, the discharge pressure conduction hole 55 and the outdoor heat exchanger conduction hole 56 communicate with each other via the valve chamber 73.
In addition, the communication part 74 communicates the suction pressure conduction hole 54 and the conduction hole 56 for the outdoor heat exchanger in the state of FIGS. 3 (D) and 4 (D). In this state, the discharge pressure conduction hole 55 and the conduction hole 57 for the indoor heat exchanger communicate with each other via the valve chamber 73.
[0019]
Further, the main valve 70 is provided with a pressure equalizing hole 77 that communicates the communication portion 74 with the upper valve chamber 73. When the pressure equalizing hole 77 is opened, the fluid pressure between the valve chamber 73 and the communication portion 74 is approximated by the flow of refrigerant from the valve chamber 73 to the communication portion 74, and the main valve 70 is rotated. When moved, the rotation of the main valve 70 becomes smooth, and as a result, switching of the refrigerant becomes smooth, quick and easy.
A main valve interlocking protrusion 72 is erected on the upper surface of the main valve 70, and the main valve interlocking protrusion 72 is loosely fitted in a curved hole 64 formed in the sub valve 60 described later. . That is, while the main valve interlocking thrust 72 is moving freely in the curved hole 64, the auxiliary valve 60 does not apply a rotational force to the main valve 70, but the main valve interlocking thrust 72 is at the end of the curved hole 64. Further, when the auxiliary valve 60 rotates, the main valve interlocking bush 72, that is, the main valve 70 rotates together with the rotation of the curved hole 64, that is, the rotation of the auxiliary valve 60. Become.
[0020]
A sub valve 60 is disposed on the upper surface of the main valve 70. The sub-valve 60 rotates and drives the main valve 70 and opens and closes a pressure equalizing hole 77 formed in the main valve 70, so that the communication portion 74 formed in the main valve 70 and the main body case 51. The valve chamber 73 is communicated or closed to move or shut off the pressure, thereby adjusting (decreasing) the pressing force of the main valve 70 against the valve main body 50.
The auxiliary valve 60 is circular in plan view and has a constant thickness, and a passive tooth portion 62 is formed on the outer peripheral portion thereof. In addition, a rotation shaft hole 61 is formed in the center portion, and is supported by a rotation shaft 71 erected on the upper surface of the main valve 70. By appropriately selecting the ratio between the number of teeth of the passive tooth portion 62 and the number of teeth of the drive portion 47, the torque on the passive tooth portion 62 side can be set to be amplified. In order to reduce rotational resistance, it is preferable to use a Teflon-containing resin, a Teflon-containing surface-treated metal, or the like for at least the contact surface of the auxiliary valve 60 with the main valve 70. Conversely, the same material may be used for the upper surface of the main valve 70.
[0021]
The sub valve 60 rotates on the main valve 70 by the rotation of the drive unit 47, and has a function of rotating the main valve 70 around the support shaft 42 when the rotation is greater than a predetermined angle, and opens and closes the pressure equalizing hole 77. It has a function.
For this purpose, a curved hole 64 is formed in the peripheral portion of the auxiliary valve 60 over a certain range, and pressure equalizing hole blocking portions 63a and 63b are provided at the left and right end positions of the curved hole 64, respectively. In this embodiment, the pressure equalizing hole closing portions 63a and 63b are fitted and fixed as separate members in the holes formed in the sub-valve 60, so that the pressure equalizing hole closing portions 63a and 63b can be attached and detached. It is possible.
[0022]
Next, the operation of the four-way selector valve of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
In the motor unit 10, when the stator coil 21 is energized and excited through the cable 23 and the connector 24, the sub valve 60 rotates through the rotation of the rotor 40, and the rotation angle per unit pulse of the motor unit 10 through the drive unit 47. The main valve 70 is rotated on the main valve 70 to open and close the pressure equalizing hole 77. Further, the rotation of the rotor 40 causes the main valve 70 to rotate with the auxiliary valve 60 to rotate on the valve body 50, The refrigerant flow to be described later is switched.
[0023]
Next, a specific operation of the four-way switching valve 100 will be described.
FIGS. 3A to 3D and FIGS. 4A to 4D are operation explanatory views for explaining the operation of the four-way switching valve 100.
[0024]
3 (A) and 4 (A) show the set state during the cooling operation, and the suction pressure conduction pipe (suction pressure conduction hole 54) and the conduction pipe for the indoor heat exchanger (conduction hole 57) are provided. The discharge pressure conduction hole 55 and the outdoor heat exchanger conduction hole 56 communicate with the outside of the main valve 70, that is, the valve chamber 73.
In this state, there is a large pressure difference between the pressure in the valve chamber 73 and the pressure in the communication portion 74, and the main valve 70 is pressed against the valve body 50 by this pressure difference and does not move easily. When switching the refrigerant flow path from this state, the four-way switching valve 100 uses the auxiliary valve 60 that is a relief valve to balance each pressure in the valve chamber 73 and the communication portion 74, and presses the main valve 70. After removing the applied force, the main valve 70 is rotated.
[0025]
First, in the state of FIG. 3A and FIG. 4A, the sub-valve 60 that meshes with the gear rotates via the drive unit 47 by the pulse input to the stepping motor. The pressure equalizing hole 77 of the main valve 70 closed by the pressure equalizing hole closing part 63a is released, and the refrigerant in the valve chamber 73 is introduced into the communication part 74 through the pressure equalizing hole 77, so that the pressure in the valve chamber 73 is increased. And the pressure in the communication portion 74 are balanced.
[0026]
As shown in FIGS. 3B and 4B, when the auxiliary valve 60 rotates by a certain angle, the pressure equalizing hole 77 is released from being closed, and when the valve chamber 73 and the communication portion 74 are opened. After the pressure balance is achieved, the curved hole 64 abuts (collises) with the main valve interlocking protrusion 72 and the pressure equalizing hole 77 of the main valve 70 is closed by the other pressure equalizing hole closing part 63b (FIG. 3 ( C), FIG. 4 (C)), in this state, the curved hole 64 pushes the main valve interlocking protrusion 72, and the main valve 70 is oriented at a fixed angle in the direction of the timepiece, that is, FIG. 3 (D), FIG. Rotate and slide until the state (D) is reached.
By this operation, the communication between the suction pressure conduction hole 54 and the conduction hole 57 by the communication portion 74 of the main valve 70 is switched to the communication between the suction pressure conduction hole 54 and the conduction hole 56, and at the same time, via the valve chamber 73. The communication between the discharge pressure conduction hole 55 and the conduction hole 56 is switched to the communication between the discharge pressure conduction hole 55 and the conduction hole 57.
[0027]
By this operation, the set state during the heating operation, that is, the suction pressure conduction hole 54 and the conduction hole 56 for the outdoor heat exchanger communicate with each other through the communication portion 74 of the main valve 70, and the discharge pressure conduction hole 55 and the indoor heat are communicated. The conduction hole 57 for the exchanger communicates with the valve chamber 73. Further, during this time, by rotating the main valve 70 with the pressure equalizing hole 77 closed by the other pressure equalizing hole closing part 63b, there is no change in the pressure difference between the valve chamber 73 and the communication part 74. The main valve 70 rotates smoothly.
In addition, what is necessary is just to rotate the motor part 10 in the opposite direction, when changing into the state of FIG. 3 (A) and FIG. 4 (A) from the state of FIG. 3 (D) and FIG. 4 (D). .
[0028]
As described above, in the four-way switching valve 100 of the present invention, after the auxiliary valve 60 is rotated on the main valve 70 by the input pulse to the motor unit 10, the main valve 70 has sufficient torque on the valve body 50. Since the refrigerant flow is switched after the rotation and the pressure balance between the valve chamber 73 and the communication portion 74 is achieved, the refrigerant flow switching operation can be easily performed with a simple configuration and operation, and This can be done quickly, and the reliability of the four-way switching valve 100 can be improved.
[0029]
In addition, since both the auxiliary valve 60 and the main valve 70 can be operated with a simple configuration, the number of movable parts can be reduced and the product cost of the four-way switching valve 100 can be reduced.
[0030]
FIGS. 5A to 5D show the operation of another example of the four-way switching valve, and FIGS. 6A to 6D are operations corresponding to FIGS. 5A to 5D. It is explanatory drawing which shows. Further, members denoted by the same reference numerals in FIGS. 5 and 6 as those in FIGS. 3 and 4 have the same configuration. The characteristic of this other example is that the valve main body abutting portion 78 that abuts the valve main body 50 of the main valve 70 in the state shown in FIGS. 5 (A) and 6 (A) is provided at the opening of the suction pressure conduction hole 54. It exists in the point arrange | positioned with the margin Y from the edge and the edge of the conduction hole 57.
[0031]
5A and 6A, when the energization to the motor unit is stopped at the position where the pressure equalizing hole closing portion 63a closes the pressure equalizing hole 77, the sub valve 60 has the motor characteristics. For example, the valve main body abutting portion 78 of the main valve 70 does not reach any of the opening portions of the two conduction holes 54 and 57 even if it is further rotated by a predetermined angle (FIGS. 5B and 6B). Thus, it is formed with a margin width Y.
5C and FIG. 6C, when the current distribution to the motor unit 10 is stopped at the position where the pressure equalizing hole closing part 63b closes the pressure equalizing hole 77 in FIG. 5C and FIG. Even if the valve 60 is further rotated by a predetermined angle (FIGS. 5D and 6D), the valve main body contact portion 78 of the main valve 70 does not reach any of the openings of the two conduction holes 54 and 56. . Therefore, the four-way selector valve 100 of the present invention can be applied to products having various motor characteristics.
[0032]
Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and is not limited to an air conditioner, and can be used for all devices that perform flow path switching. It is.
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
As can be understood from the above description, the four-way switching valve of the present invention configured as described above can be quickly switched in use, has a simple structure, good durability, few failures, and parts replacement. It is easy and has the effect of excellent versatility.
In addition, by simply loosely fitting the curved hole to the main valve interlocking bush provided on the main valve side and rotating the main valve in a state where the curved hole side wall is in contact with the main valve interlocking thrust, it is possible to make sure the structure is simple. Can be transmitted. Further, the operation of the motor unit is simplified by providing two equalizing hole blocking portions in the sub valve. Furthermore, the versatility can be improved by providing a margin for the shape of the communicating portion with respect to the opening portion of the conduction hole.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a four-way switching valve in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a rear view of the four-way switching valve of FIG.
3A to 3D are cross-sectional views taken along the line AA of FIG. 1 showing the operation of the four-way switching valve.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an operation corresponding to (A) to (D) of FIG. 3;
5A to 5D are cross-sectional views corresponding to FIG. 3 showing the operation of another example of the four-way switching valve.
6 is an explanatory view showing an operation corresponding to (A) to (D) of FIG.
FIG. 7 is a cycle configuration diagram at the time of air conditioning operation.
[Explanation of symbols]
C ... Compressor SV ... Switching valve T ... Electronic linear control valves E1, E2 ... Heat exchanger Y ... Wide margin 10 ... Motor part 20 ... Stator 21 ... Stator coil 22 · · York 23 · · Cable 24 · · Connector 30 · · Case (can) 31 · · Support frame 40 · · Rotor 41 · · Connection ring frame 42 · · Support shaft 45 · · Spring support 46 · · Spring (elastic) Element)
47 ·· Drive unit 48 · · Stator holding rod 49 · · Mounting bolt 50 · · Valve body 51 · · Body case 52 · · Case receiving portion 53 · · Mounting screw portion 54 · · Suction pressure conduction hole 55 · · Discharge pressure Conducting hole 56 ..Conducting hole 57 (for outdoor heat exchanger) ..Conducting hole 58 (for indoor heat exchanger) 58 ..Main valve stopper 60 ..Sub valve 61 ..Rotating shaft hole 62 ..Passive tooth 63a 63b ··· Pressure equalizing hole blocking part 64 · · Curved hole 70 · · Main valve 71 · · Rotary shaft 72 · · Main valve interlocking bush 73 · · Valve chamber 74 · · Communication portion 77 · · Pressure equalizing hole 78 · ·・ Valve body contact part 100 ・・ 4-way switching valve

Claims

In a four-way switching valve including a motor unit including a stator and a rotor, a case, and a main valve and a valve body arranged in a valve chamber in the case, the valve body includes a suction pressure side and a discharge pressure of the compressor. A suction pressure conduction hole, a discharge pressure conduction hole, and two conduction holes respectively communicating with the indoor and outdoor heat exchangers, and the main valve includes the suction pressure conduction hole and the two pressure conduction holes. A communication portion that selectively communicates with the conduction hole, a pressure equalization hole that communicates the communication portion and the valve chamber, and a sub valve that interlocks with the rotation of the rotor is provided on the main valve, The secondary valve is provided with two pressure equalizing hole closing portions for moving and stopping the pressure, and by rotating the auxiliary valve, the pressure equalizing hole is closed by one of the two pressure equalizing hole closing portions. When the pressure equalizing hole is closed, move the main valve to switch the conduction hole. The four-way selector valve for the butterflies.

A curved hole for loosely fitting the main valve interlocking protrusion provided on the main valve side is formed in the sub valve, and the main valve is rotated when the sub valve rotates more than a predetermined angle by the rotation of the rotor. The four-way selector valve according to claim 1.

When any of the pressure equalizing hole closing parts closes the pressure equalizing hole, when the energization to the motor part is stopped, the valve main body contact part of the main valve has two The four-way switching valve according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the four-way switching valve is formed with a margin that does not cover any of the openings of the conduction hole.