JP4004623B2 - Manufacturing method of liquid crystal display element - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, and more particularly to a large-screen and high-definition liquid crystal display device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Ferroelectric liquid crystal has excellent features such as memory performance, high-speed response, and wide viewing angle, and high-definition and large-capacity display is possible using a simple matrix method [NA Clark and ST Lagerwall: Appl. Phys. Lett 36 (1980) 899.]. FIG. 11 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of a conventional structure of a ferroelectric liquid crystal display device.
[0003]
The conventional ferroelectric liquid crystal display device includes two glass substrates 12a and 12b. On the surface of one glass substrate 12a, a plurality of transparent signal electrodes 13a made of indium tin oxide (generally abbreviated as ITO) or the like are arranged in parallel to each other, and a transparent insulating film 14a made of SiO2 or the like is disposed thereon. Is formed.
[0004]
On the surface of the other glass substrate 12b facing the signal electrode, a plurality of transparent scanning electrodes 13b made of ITO or the like are arranged in parallel to each other in a direction perpendicular to the signal electrode 13a. It is covered with a transparent insulating film 14b made of SiO2 or the like.
[0005]
On the transparent insulating films 14a and 14b, alignment films 15a and 15b subjected to a uniaxial alignment process such as a rubbing process are formed. As the alignment films 15a and 15b, an organic polymer film such as a polyimide film, a nylon film, or a polyvinyl alcohol film, a SiO oblique deposition film, or the like is used. When organic polymer films are used as the alignment films 15a and 15b, the alignment treatment is usually performed so that the liquid crystal molecules are aligned substantially parallel to the electrode substrate.
[0006]
Hereinafter, the glass substrate 12a in which the signal electrode 13a, the transparent insulating film 14a, and the alignment film 15a are sequentially laminated is referred to as an electrode substrate 10. Similarly, the glass substrate 12b in which the scanning electrode 13b, the transparent insulating film 14b, and the alignment film 15b are sequentially stacked is referred to as an electrode substrate 11.
[0007]
The electrode substrates 10 and 11 are bonded with a sealant 16 leaving a part of the injection port, and the ferroelectric liquid crystal 17 is introduced from the injection port into a gap formed between the alignment films 15a and 15b. . Thereafter, the inlet is sealed with a sealant 30.
[0008]
The electrode substrates 10 and 11 bonded in this manner are sandwiched between two polarizing plates 18a and 18b arranged so that their polarization axes are orthogonal to each other. When the display area is large, spherical spacers 19 are dispersed so that the two electrode substrates 10 and 11 face each other in parallel with a certain cell thickness.
[0009]
As shown in FIG. 12, the ferroelectric liquid crystal molecules 20 have a spontaneous polarization 21 in a direction orthogonal to the major axis direction of the molecules. Therefore, the molecules 20 of the ferroelectric liquid crystal receive a force proportional to the vector product of the electric field generated from the voltage applied between the signal electrode 13 a and the scanning electrode 13 b and the spontaneous polarization 21, and the conical locus 22. To move on the surface.
[0010]
Therefore, when viewed from the observer, the ferroelectric liquid crystal molecules 20 switch between the positions A and B of both axes of the conical locus 22 as shown in FIG. At this time, for example, one polarization axis of the polarizing plates 18a and 18b is aligned with the molecular long axis direction 38a when the molecule 20 is at the position A, and the other polarization axis is aligned with the direction 38b. The dark field is obtained when the molecule 20 is switched to position A. Also, when the molecule 20 switches to position B, a bright field caused by birefringence is obtained.
[0011]
In addition, the orientation state of the molecules 20 of the ferroelectric liquid crystal at each of the positions A and B is equivalent in terms of elastic energy. Thereby, even after the electric field by the signal electrode 13a and the scanning electrode 13b is removed, the orientation state of the molecules 20, that is, the optical state is maintained. This is the so-called ferroelectric liquid crystal memory effect. This memory effect is a characteristic not found in conventional nematic liquid crystals, and combined with high-speed response due to spontaneous polarization, enables display devices using ferroelectric liquid crystals to display high-definition and large-capacity displays using a simple matrix method. Yes.
[0012]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In general, in a large-sized liquid crystal display device, the substrate is likely to be deformed by an external force such as a deflection due to the weight of the substrate itself or an impact. In order to prevent this, attempts have been widely made to insert a spherical spacer inside the liquid crystal cell or to impart adhesion to the spacer.
[0013]
In addition, attempts have been made to improve the display defects caused by preventing the deformation of the substrate of the liquid crystal cell and the flow of the liquid crystal by forming a wall-like or columnar spacer inside the liquid crystal cell.
[0014]
Further, if the adhesion between the substrates is insufficient, the cell thickness changes due to the compression or tensile deformation of the substrates, and display defects are likely to occur. A structure in which these are bonded with an adhesive is also known. However, when the adhesive is used in this way, if the adhesive protrudes to the pixel portion, the protruding adhesive adversely affects the alignment of the liquid crystal, resulting in a problem that the display quality is deteriorated.
[0015]
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and by suppressing the protrusion of the adhesive as much as possible, sufficient substrate strength is achieved without affecting the alignment of the liquid crystal in the pixel portion, and the display quality is improved. It is an issue to be solved to provide a liquid crystal display element.
[0016]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problems, a first method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display element of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display element in which liquid crystal is sandwiched between a pair of substrates having at least an electrode and an alignment film. A step of forming on the alignment film of the substrate a spacer having a trapezoidal cross section in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the electrode so that a lower surface corresponding to the bottom of the longer trapezoid in the cross section is in contact with the alignment film (A) and a base material The portion of the spacer that does not come into contact with the upper surface corresponding to the shorter bottom of the trapezoid is covered with a protective film made of a material that repels the adhesive, and then the portion other than the protective film Step (b) of creating a plate by applying an adhesive, and the spacer upon A step (c) of transferring the adhesive to the upper surface of the spacer by pressing a surface against the plate; and a step (d) of bonding the other substrate to the adhesive transferred to the upper surface of the spacer. It is characterized by including.
[0017]
According to the above manufacturing method, since the pair of substrates are bonded using an adhesive, the substrate strength against an external force such as compression or pulling is improved, and the display quality is lowered due to the change in cell thickness. The problem is solved.
[0018]
Since the adhesive is selectively transferred only to the upper surface of the spacer, the adhesive is prevented from adversely affecting the alignment of the liquid crystal in the pixel portion. In addition, even if the adhesive slightly protrudes from the upper surface of the spacer, the spacer has a trapezoidal shape, so the adverse effect of the adhesive protruding from the spacer on the alignment of the liquid crystal is in the range of the lower surface of the spacer. It won't spread more. As a result, the substrate strength can be improved without disturbing the alignment of the liquid crystal, and it is possible to provide a liquid crystal display element that realizes excellent display quality.
[0019]
In the first manufacturing method, preferably, in step (a), the base angle of the trapezoid is set in the range of 10 ° to 65 °, so that even better adhesiveness can be obtained.
[0020]
In the first manufacturing method, the plate created in the step (b) is preferably any one of a lithographic plate, an intaglio plate, and a relief plate.
[0021]
In the first manufacturing method, a flat plate can be used as the base material. Or it is also possible to use the film affixed on a flat plate or a circular plate cylinder as said base material.
[0022]
In the first manufacturing method, the region to which the adhesive is applied in the step (b) is selectively provided corresponding to the position where the upper surface of the spacer is pressed in the step (c). Because It is possible to prevent the adhesive from being transferred to an unnecessary portion. At this time, when the plate to be created in the step (b) is a lithographic plate, prior to the step (b), the region where the adhesive is not applied on the substrate is any of silicon resin, fluororesin, and silicon rubber. It is preferable to cover it.
[0023]
In order to solve the above problems, a second method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display element according to the present invention includes a liquid crystal display element manufacturing method in which liquid crystal is sandwiched between a pair of substrates having at least an electrode and an alignment film. Forming a spacer having a trapezoidal cross section in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the electrode on the substrate so that a lower surface corresponding to the longer bottom of the trapezoid in the cross section is in contact with the substrate surface (a) A step (b) of forming an alignment film so as to cover the spacer, and a base material The portion of the spacer that does not come into contact with the upper surface corresponding to the shorter bottom of the trapezoid is covered with a protective film made of a material that repels the adhesive, and then the portion other than the protective film Step (c) of creating a plate by applying an adhesive, and the spacer upon A step (d) of transferring the adhesive to the alignment film formed on the upper surface by pressing the alignment film formed on the surface against the plate; and the other substrate on the adhesive transferred to the alignment film. And a step (e) of bonding.
[0024]
According to the above manufacturing method, since the pair of substrates are bonded using an adhesive, the substrate strength against an external force such as compression or pulling is improved, and the display quality is lowered due to the change in cell thickness. The problem is solved. In addition, since the alignment film is formed so as to cover the spacer, there is no problem that the alignment of the liquid crystal is disturbed around the spacer as compared with the first manufacturing method described above, and a good alignment state is obtained. There is an advantage that it can be obtained.
[0025]
Since the adhesive is selectively transferred only to the portion of the alignment film located on the upper surface of the spacer, the adhesive is prevented from adversely affecting the alignment of the liquid crystal in the pixel portion.
[0026]
In addition, even if the adhesive slightly protrudes from the alignment film covering the upper surface of the spacer, the spacer has a trapezoidal cross section. It doesn't spread beyond the range.
[0027]
As a result, the substrate strength can be improved without disturbing the alignment of the liquid crystal, and a liquid crystal display element realizing an excellent display quality can be provided.
[0028]
Further, in the second manufacturing method, preferably, in step (a), the base angle of the trapezoid is set in the range of 10 ° to 65 °, so that better adhesiveness can be obtained.
[0029]
In the second manufacturing method, it is preferable that the plate produced in the step (c) is any one of a lithographic plate, an intaglio plate, and a relief plate.
[0030]
In the second manufacturing method, a flat plate can be used as the base material. Alternatively, the base material may be a film attached to a flat plate or a circular plate cylinder.
[0031]
In the second manufacturing method, the region where the adhesive is applied in the step (c) is selectively provided corresponding to the position where the alignment film is pressed in the step (d). Because It is possible to prevent the adhesive from being transferred to a place other than necessary. At this time, when the plate to be created in the step (c) is a lithographic plate, prior to the step (c), the region where the adhesive is not applied on the substrate is any of silicon resin, fluororesin, and silicon rubber. It is preferable to cover it.
[0032]
In order to solve the above problems, a first liquid crystal display element of the present invention is a liquid crystal display element in which a liquid crystal is sandwiched between first and second substrates each having at least an electrode and an alignment film. A spacer having a trapezoidal cross section in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the electrode is provided on the alignment film of the substrate, and the lower surface of the spacer corresponding to the longer bottom of the trapezoid in the cross section is the first surface. It is characterized in that it is bonded to the second substrate with an adhesive which is in contact with the alignment film of the substrate and is applied only to the upper surface corresponding to the shorter bottom of the trapezoid in the cross section.
[0033]
According to the above configuration, since the first and second substrates are bonded using an adhesive, the substrate strength against an external force such as compression and pulling is improved, and the display quality is lowered due to the change in cell thickness. The conventional problem of is solved.
[0034]
Since the adhesive is selectively applied only to the upper surface of the spacer, the adhesive is prevented from adversely affecting the alignment of the liquid crystal in the pixel portion. In addition, even if the adhesive slightly protrudes from the upper surface of the spacer, the spacer has a trapezoidal shape, so the adverse effect of the adhesive protruding from the spacer on the alignment of the liquid crystal is in the range of the lower surface of the spacer. It won't spread more. As a result, the substrate strength can be improved without disturbing the alignment of the liquid crystal, and it is possible to provide a liquid crystal display element that realizes excellent display quality.
[0035]
In order to solve the above problems, a second liquid crystal display element of the present invention is a liquid crystal display element in which a liquid crystal is sandwiched between a pair of substrates each having at least an electrode and an alignment film. A spacer having a trapezoidal cross section in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the electrode, and an alignment film provided to cover the spacer, the bottom of the alignment film having a shorter trapezoidal shape in the cross section of the spacer An adhesive is provided at a portion covering the surface corresponding to the above, and the other substrate is bonded to the adhesive.
[0036]
According to the above configuration, since the pair of substrates are bonded using an adhesive, the substrate strength against external force such as compression and pulling is improved, and the conventional problems such as deterioration of display quality due to the change in cell thickness Is resolved. Further, since the alignment film is formed so as to cover the spacer, there is no problem that the alignment of the liquid crystal is disturbed around the spacer as compared with the first liquid crystal display element described above, and a good alignment state is achieved. There is an advantage that can be obtained.
[0037]
Note that the adhesive is selectively transferred only onto the alignment film covering the upper surface of the spacer, so that the adhesive is prevented from adversely affecting the alignment of the liquid crystal in the pixel portion. In addition, even if the adhesive slightly protrudes from the alignment film covering the upper surface of the spacer, the spacer has a trapezoidal cross section. It doesn't spread beyond the range. As a result, the substrate strength can be improved without disturbing the alignment of the liquid crystal, and it is possible to provide a liquid crystal display element that realizes excellent display quality.
[0038]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[ For reference Form 1]
Of the present invention For reference The form will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 as follows.
[0039]
Figure 1 shows the book reference It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the liquid crystal cell which concerns on a form. This liquid crystal cell includes two glass substrates 50a and 50b.
[0040]
On the surface of the glass substrate 50a, there are provided scanning lines 51a, 51a (electrodes) formed in a stripe shape, and black matrices 56, 56 formed so as to fill the gaps between the scanning lines 51a, 51a,. ing. An insulating film 52a and an alignment film 53a are sequentially stacked above the scanning lines 51a and the black matrix 56. Hereinafter, a configuration including the glass substrate 50a, the scanning lines 51a, the black matrix 56, the insulating film 52a, and the alignment film 53a is referred to as a scanning line substrate 58a (substrate).
[0041]
Similarly, on the surface of the glass substrate 50b, signal lines 51b, 51b (electrodes) formed in a stripe shape, an insulating film 52b, and an alignment film 53b are sequentially laminated. A configuration including the glass substrate 50b, the signal line 51b, the insulating film 52b, and the alignment film 53b is referred to as a signal line substrate 58b (substrate).
[0042]
The scanning line substrate 58a and the signal line substrate 58b are arranged so that the surfaces on which the alignment films 53a and 53b are respectively formed are inside, and the scanning lines 51a and the signal lines 51b are orthogonal to each other, and are bonded to each other. ing.
[0043]
A polymer wall 54 (spacer) is formed between the scanning line substrate 58a and the signal line substrate 58b along the longitudinal direction of the scanning line 51a. The polymer wall 54 has a trapezoidal shape in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the scanning line 51a. An adhesive layer 55 is formed on the upper surface of the polymer wall 54 (the upper base side of the trapezoid in the cross section). By this adhesive layer 55, the polymer wall 54 and the alignment film 53b of the signal line substrate 58b are firmly bonded to each other. Note that liquid crystal (not shown) is filled in a space formed between the alignment films 53a and 53b.
[0044]
Next, a method for manufacturing the above-described liquid crystal cell will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 (a) to 2 (d).
First, an indium tin oxide (ITO) film having a thickness of 200 nm is formed on the entire surface of the glass substrate 50a by sputtering deposition or EB deposition. Next, a photoresist is spin-coated. Next, the photoresist is formed into a stripe pattern by photolithography using a photomask for forming an ITO electrode and an ultraviolet exposure apparatus, and then immersed in a 47 wt% hydrogen bromide aqueous solution at 35 ° C. for 10 minutes, thereby scanning lines. Etching 51a is performed.
[0045]
As the photoresist, for example, TSMR-8800 manufactured by Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd. can be used. In the etching step, the width of the scanning line 51a is 385 μm, the length of the pixel portion is 192 mm, and the width between the adjacent scanning lines 51a and 51a is 15 μm.
[0046]
Next, the glass substrate 50a on which the scanning lines 51a are formed in this way is washed with pure water and dried, and then a black matrix 56 is formed with resin or Si. An insulating film 52a made of silicon oxide SiO2 or silicon nitride SiN and an alignment film 53a made of polyimide are sequentially formed thereon, and the alignment film 53a is subjected to uniaxial alignment processing by rubbing.
[0047]
Through the above steps, the scanning line substrate 58a is manufactured.
[0048]
Subsequently, negative photosensitive acrylic resin (V-259PA: manufactured by Nippon Steel Chemical Co., Ltd.) is spin-coated on the surface of the alignment film 53a, and the height of the trapezoid is 15 μm by photolithography with a proximity gap of 50 μm. Then, a polymer wall 54 having an upper side of 10 μm is formed.
[0049]
Through the above steps, as shown in FIG. 2A, a polymer wall 54 having a trapezoidal cross section is formed on the surface of the scanning line substrate 58a. The polymer wall 54 is optically isotropic and transparent in terms of material, but has a light shielding property by being sandwiched between two orthogonal polarizing plates.
[0050]
In order to make the cross section of the polymer wall 54 trapezoidal as described above, the proximity gap of the proximity exposure machine is set wider by using a photosensitive polymer material having a resolution smaller than the lower side of the trapezoid. It is effective to increase the development time.
[0051]
Next, an adhesive layer 55 is formed on the upper surface of the polymer wall 54 by the process shown in FIGS. First, as shown in FIG. 2B, an adhesive resin film diluted with a solvent is formed on a flat transfer substrate 57 (base material) used for transferring the adhesive to the polymer wall 54. Here, a two-component epoxy adhesive diluted with 25 cc of n-butyl cellosolve (1 g of main agent, 1 g of curing agent: product name “Bond E” manufactured by Konishi Co., Ltd.) is formed by spin coating so as to have a thickness of 200 nm.
[0052]
Alternatively, a similar adhesive layer 55 may be formed by forming a polyimide film on the transfer substrate 57 and spraying the diluted two-component epoxy adhesive by the spray method.
[0053]
Thereafter, after the solvent contained in the adhesive layer 55 is dried at 80 ° C. for 180 seconds, as shown in FIG. 2C, the scanning line substrate 58a and the transfer substrate 57 are pressed with a pressure of 1.5 kgf / cm ² By air-pressing, both substrates are once bonded in a flat state. At this time, the upper surface of the polymer wall 54 and the adhesive layer 55 are bonded. Finally, the scanning line substrate 58a and the transfer substrate 57 are slowly peeled off. As a result, as shown in FIG. 2D, the adhesive layer 55 is transferred from the transfer substrate 57 to the upper surface of the polymer wall 54 on the scanning line substrate 58a.
[0054]
The conditions required for the transfer substrate 57 are that there is no alteration due to the solvent of the adhesive resin and that there is no hindrance to the transfer of the adhesive resin.
[0055]
A liquid crystal cell is manufactured by injecting a ferroelectric liquid crystal into a gap formed by facing the scanning line substrate 58a thus manufactured and another signal line substrate 58b similarly manufactured and evacuating and bonding them. The
[0056]
The trapezoidal base angle θ appearing in a cross section obtained by cutting the polymer wall 54 along a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction thereof is 10 ° to 65 ° from the viewpoint of adhesion between the polymer wall 54 and the alignment film 53b. It is preferable to do. That is, the lower side of the trapezoid is preferably 1 to 10 times longer than the upper side.
[0057]
As above, the book reference In the liquid crystal cell according to the embodiment, the gap between the scanning line substrate 58a and the signal line substrate 58b is kept uniform by the polymer wall 54 having a trapezoidal cross section in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. The alignment film 53 b of the signal line substrate 58 b is firmly bonded by the adhesive layer 55 selectively formed on the upper surface of the polymer wall 54.
[0058]
As described above, the scanning line substrate 58a and the signal line substrate 58b are bonded to each other by the adhesive layer 55, whereby the substrate strength against external force such as compression and pulling is improved, and a liquid crystal cell in which substrate deformation hardly occurs is realized. . As a result, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal cell in which the cell thickness is kept uniform and there is no display defect.
[0059]
Further, since the adhesive layer 55 is selectively formed only on the upper surface of the polymer wall 54, the influence of the adhesive on the alignment of the liquid crystal in the pixel portion is reduced, and the display quality is prevented from being deteriorated. Even if the adhesive forming the adhesive layer 55 slightly protrudes from the upper surface of the polymer wall 54 when the polymer wall 54 and the alignment film 53b are pressure-bonded, the polymer wall 54 has a trapezoidal cross section. Therefore, the adverse effect of the protruding adhesive on the alignment of the liquid crystal does not spread beyond the size of the lower surface of the polymer wall 54.
[0060]
That is, compared with the conventional case of a wall-shaped spacer having a uniform width, reference In the liquid crystal cell of the form, the protrusion of the adhesive does not adversely affect the alignment of the liquid crystal, and sufficient substrate strength is realized. As a result, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal display element with improved display quality.
[0061]
In addition, ferroelectric liquid crystals are less susceptible to impacts than nematic liquid crystals, etc., and therefore, once the alignment state is disturbed by an external force, it is difficult to return to the original normal state and display defects tend to occur. reference By combining a cell structure with sufficient substrate strength and a ferroelectric liquid crystal, such as a liquid crystal cell of the shape, the above disadvantages are eliminated, and the excellent characteristics of ferroelectric liquid crystal such as high-speed response and memory properties are utilized. There is also an advantage that a liquid crystal cell can be realized.
[0062]
In the above, the spacer according to the present invention reference As an example, the polymer wall 54 formed into a continuous wall shape along the longitudinal direction of the scanning line 51a is illustrated, but the shape of the spacer is not limited to this, and for example, the longitudinal direction of the scanning line 51a There may be a plurality of columns arranged along.
[0063]
[ reference Form 2]
Of the present invention reference It will be as follows if the other form which concerns on is demonstrated based on FIG. 3 and FIG.
[0064]
Figure 3 shows the book reference It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the liquid crystal cell which concerns on a form. The liquid crystal cell includes two glass substrates 60a and 60b.
[0065]
On the surface of the glass substrate 60a, there are provided scanning lines 61a, 61a,... Formed in stripes, and black matrices 66, 66, formed so as to fill the intervals between the scanning lines 61a, 61a,. In the upper layer of the black matrix 66, a polymer wall 64 is formed along the longitudinal direction of the black matrix 66 and with a width smaller than that of the black matrix 66. The polymer wall 64 has a trapezoidal shape in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
[0066]
Further, an insulating film 62a and an alignment film 63a are sequentially stacked so as to cover the scanning lines 61a, 61a, the black matrix 66, and the polymer wall 64. Hereinafter, the configuration including the glass substrate 60a, the scanning lines 61a, the black matrix 66, the polymer wall 64, the insulating film 62a, and the alignment film 63a is referred to as a scanning line substrate 68a.
[0067]
Similarly, on the surface of the glass substrate 60b, signal lines 61b, 61b... Formed in a stripe shape, an insulating film 62b, and an alignment film 63b are sequentially laminated. A configuration including the glass substrate 60b, the signal line 61b, the insulating film 62b, and the alignment film 63b is referred to as a signal line substrate 68b.
[0068]
The scanning line substrate 68a and the signal line substrate 68b are arranged so that the scanning lines 61a and the signal lines 61b are orthogonal to each other, and the alignment film 63a on the upper surface portion of the polymer wall 64 of the scanning line substrate 68a and the signal The alignment film 63b on the line substrate 68b side is firmly bonded by the adhesive layer 65. Note that the liquid crystal (not shown) is filled in a space formed between the alignment films 63a and 63b.
[0069]
Next, a method for manufacturing the above-described liquid crystal cell will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 (a) to 4 (d).
First, an indium tin oxide (ITO) film having a thickness of 200 nm is formed on the entire surface of the glass substrate 60a by sputtering deposition or EB deposition. Next, a photoresist is spin-coated. Next, photolithography using an ITO electrode forming photomask and an ultraviolet exposure apparatus - After the photoresist is formed into a stripe pattern by the above, the scanning line 61a is etched by dipping in a 47 wt% hydrogen bromide aqueous solution at 35 ° C. for 10 minutes.
[0070]
As the photoresist, for example, TSMR-8800 manufactured by Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd. can be used. In the etching step, the width of the scanning line 61a is 385 μm, the length of the pixel portion is 192 mm, and the width between the adjacent scanning lines 61a and 61a is 15 μm.
[0071]
Next, the glass substrate 60a on which the scanning lines 61a are formed in this way is washed with pure water and dried, and then a black matrix 66 is formed of resin or Si.
[0072]
Subsequently, a negative photosensitive acrylic resin (V-259PA: manufactured by Nippon Steel Chemical Co., Ltd.) was spin-coated, and a height of 1.5 μm, a trapezoid lower side width of 15 μm, and an upper side of 10 μm by photolithography with a proximity gap of 50 μm. A molecular wall 64 is formed. The polymer wall 64 is optically isotropic in terms of material and is transparent, but has light shielding properties by being sandwiched between two orthogonal polarizing plates.
[0073]
An insulating film 62a made of silicon oxide SiO2 or silicon nitride SiN and an alignment film 63a made of polyimide are sequentially formed thereon, and the alignment film 63a is subjected to uniaxial alignment processing by rubbing.
[0074]
Through the above steps, the scanning line substrate 68a is manufactured as shown in FIG.
[0075]
Next, the adhesive layer 65 is formed on the surface of the alignment film 63a on the upper surface of the polymer wall 64 by the process shown in FIGS. First, as shown in FIG. 4B, an adhesive resin film diluted with a solvent on a flat transfer substrate 67 (base material) used for transferring the adhesive to the alignment film 63a on the upper surface of the polymer wall 64. Form. Here, a two-component epoxy adhesive diluted with 25 cc of n-butyl cellosolve (1 g of main agent, 1 g of curing agent: product name “Bond E” manufactured by Konishi Co., Ltd.) is formed by spin coating so as to have a thickness of 200 nm.
[0076]
Alternatively, a similar adhesive layer 65 may be formed by forming a polyimide film on the transfer substrate 67 and spraying the above-described diluted two-component epoxy adhesive by a spray method.
[0077]
Thereafter, after the solvent contained in the adhesive layer 65 is dried at 80 ° C. for 180 seconds, the scanning line substrate 68a and the transfer substrate 67 are flattened as shown in FIG. 4C. In the state, the pressure is 1.5 kgf / cm ² It is made to adhere once by air pressing with. At this time, the alignment film 63a on the upper surface of the polymer wall 64 and the adhesive layer 65 are bonded. Finally, the scanning line substrate 68a and the transfer substrate 67 are slowly peeled off. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4D, the adhesive layer 65 is transferred from the transfer substrate 67 to the alignment film 63a on the upper surface of the polymer wall 64 of the scanning line substrate 68a.
[0078]
Note that the conditions required for the transfer substrate 67 are that there is no alteration due to the solvent of the adhesive resin and that there is no problem in the transfer of the adhesive resin.
[0079]
A liquid crystal cell is produced by injecting a ferroelectric liquid crystal into a gap formed by facing the scanning line substrate 68a thus produced and another signal line substrate 68b produced in the same manner and applying a vacuum. The
[0080]
As above, the book reference In the liquid crystal cell according to the embodiment, the gap between the scanning line substrate 68a and the signal line substrate 68b is kept uniform by the polymer wall 64 having a trapezoidal cross section in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and the polymer wall 64 is The covering alignment film 63a and the alignment film 63b of the signal line substrate 68b are firmly bonded by the adhesive layer 65 selectively formed on the alignment film 63a on the upper surface of the polymer wall 64.
[0081]
As a result, the substrate strength against external forces such as compression and pulling is improved, and a liquid crystal cell in which substrate deformation hardly occurs is realized. As a result, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal cell in which the cell thickness is kept uniform and there is no display defect.
[0082]
In addition, since the adhesive layer 65 is selectively formed only in the portion of the alignment film 63a that covers the upper surface of the polymer wall 64, the display quality is prevented from being deteriorated due to the adhesive protruding to the pixel portion. Even if the adhesive forming the adhesive layer 65 slightly protrudes from the portion covering the upper surface of the polymer wall 64 when the alignment film 63a and the alignment film 63b are pressure-bonded, the polymer wall 64 is not cross-sectioned. Because of the shape, the adverse effect of the protruding adhesive on the alignment of the liquid crystal does not spread beyond the size of the lower side of the polymer wall 64. As a result, a liquid crystal cell with improved display quality is realized.
[0083]
Further, the polymer wall 64 is covered with the alignment film 63a, so that reference Compared with the configuration described in the first embodiment, since the polymer wall 64 does not directly contact the liquid crystal, the alignment of the liquid crystal is not disturbed by the polymer wall. As a result, a liquid crystal cell with further improved display quality can be provided.
[0084]
Embodiment 1 ]
Implementation of the present invention Form of The state will be described mainly with reference to FIG.
[0085]
The liquid crystal cell according to the present embodiment has the same configuration as the liquid crystal cell according to the first embodiment described above. However, in the manufacturing process, an adhesive layer 55 that bonds the scanning line substrate 58a and the signal line substrate 58b is provided. The procedure for forming the upper surface of the polymer wall 54 of the scanning line substrate 58a is as follows. reference This is different from the liquid crystal cell according to the first embodiment.
[0086]
For simplicity of explanation, this embodiment 1 Then reference Only the procedure for forming the adhesive layer 55 on the portion different from the first embodiment, that is, the upper surface of the polymer wall 54 will be described.
[0087]
In this embodiment, reference 5A, the polymer wall 54 having a trapezoidal cross section is formed on the alignment film 53a of the scanning line substrate 58a as shown in FIG. 5A. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. Then, by forming an adhesive layer 55 (adhesive) on the transfer substrate 57 (base material), a lithographic plate for applying the adhesive to the upper surface of the polymer wall 54 is created.
[0088]
At this time, as shown in FIG. 5B, a portion that does not come into contact with the upper surface of the polymer wall 54 in the transfer step (step of transferring the adhesive layer 55 from the transfer substrate 57 to the scanning line substrate 58a) described later is thickened. 2 parts epoxy adhesive (covered by Konishi Co., Ltd., trade name “Bond E”), which was previously covered with a protective film 59 made of silicon resin having a thickness of 50 to 500 nm and then diluted with 25 cc of n-butyl cellosolve. Is applied by spin coating or a roller printer so as to have a thickness of 50 to 500 nm, thereby forming an adhesive layer 55 in a portion other than the protective film 59.
[0089]
The protective film 59 is for preventing the adhesive from being applied to an extra region by repelling the adhesive. Examples of the material of the protective film 59 include silicon rubber, fluorine resin, and the like. Can be used.
[0090]
Without using the protective film 59, reference As shown in FIG. 2B referred to in the first embodiment, the entire surface of the transfer substrate 57 may be covered with the adhesive layer 55, but if the protective film 59 is provided on the transfer substrate 57 as described above, This is advantageous because the adhesive layer 55 can be prevented from being transferred to a portion other than the region where the adhesive layer 55 is to be transferred (that is, the upper surface of the polymer wall 54) on the scanning line substrate 58a.
[0091]
When the thickness of the adhesive layer 55 is less than 50 nm, sufficient adhesive strength is not maintained between the scanning line substrate 58a and the signal line substrate 58b. When the thickness is greater than 500 nm, the transfer process to the transfer substrate 57, or In the step of bonding the scanning line substrate 58a and the signal line substrate 58b, since the adhesive protrudes significantly beyond the width of the polymer wall 54, the thickness of the adhesive layer 55 is as described above. The thickness is preferably 50 to 500 nm.
[0092]
Further, as described above, the adhesive layer 55 can be formed with a uniform film thickness by diluting the adhesive with a solvent and then applying it to the transfer substrate 57.
[0093]
Next, as shown in FIG. 5C, the scanning line substrate 58 a and the transfer substrate 57 are arranged so that the upper surface of the polymer wall 54 of the scanning line substrate 58 a corresponds to the adhesive layer 55 of the transfer substrate 57. Align, pressure 1.5Kgf / cm ² By air-pressing, both substrates are once bonded in a flat state.
[0094]
Thereafter, the scanning line substrate 58a and the transfer substrate 57 are slowly peeled off, and the solvent of the adhesive contained in the adhesive layer 55 is dried at 80 ° C. for 180 seconds. As shown in FIG. The layer 55 is transferred from the transfer substrate 57 to the upper surface of the polymer wall 54 on the scanning line substrate 58a.
[0095]
The conditions required for the transfer substrate 57 are that there is no alteration due to the solvent of the adhesive and that there is no hindrance to the transfer of the adhesive, and the material is not only glass but also a film such as a polyethylene film. You can also.
[0096]
When a film is used, the shape of the plate is not limited to the flat plate as described above. For example, the film can be wound around a circular plate cylinder (circular cylinder) to form a roller. In the case of using a film obtained by winding a film around a circular plate cylinder as a plate, a pressure of about 5 kg is applied to the circular plate cylinder when transferring the adhesive layer 55 to the surface of the alignment film 53a of the scanning line substrate 58a. Is preferred.
[0097]
A liquid crystal cell is formed by injecting a ferroelectric liquid crystal into a gap where a scanning line substrate 58a thus produced and another signal line substrate 58b similarly produced are opposed to each other and evacuated and bonded. Is produced.
[0098]
As described above, the liquid crystal cell according to this embodiment is characterized in that the adhesive layer 55 is applied only to the upper surface of the polymer wall 54 of the scanning line substrate 58a by the planographic printing method.
[0099]
As described above, the scanning line substrate 58a and the signal line substrate 58b are bonded to each other by the adhesive layer 55, so that the substrate strength against an external force such as compression and pulling is improved, and a liquid crystal cell in which the substrate is hardly deformed is realized. The As a result, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal cell in which the cell thickness is kept uniform and there is no display defect.
[0100]
In the above, as an embodiment of the spacer according to the present invention, the polymer wall 54 formed in the shape of a wall continuous along the longitudinal direction of the scanning line 51a is exemplified, but the shape of the spacer is limited to this. For example, it may be a plurality of columns arranged along the longitudinal direction of the scanning line 51a.
[0101]
Embodiment 2 ]
The following will describe still another embodiment of the present invention mainly with reference to FIG.
[0102]
The liquid crystal cell according to the present embodiment is as described above. reference However, in the manufacturing process, an adhesive layer 65 that bonds the scanning line substrate 68a and the signal line substrate 68b is formed on the alignment film 63a of the scanning line substrate 68a. When reference This is different from the liquid crystal cell according to the second embodiment.
[0103]
For simplicity of explanation, this embodiment 2 Then reference Only the procedure for forming the adhesive layer 65 on the portion different from the second embodiment, that is, the alignment film 63a of the scanning line substrate 68a will be described.
[0104]
In this embodiment, reference 6A, the scanning lines 61a, black matrix 66, polymer wall 64, insulating film 62a, and alignment film 63a are sequentially formed on the glass substrate 60a as shown in FIG. 6A. As a result, the scanning line substrate 68a is formed, while the adhesive layer 65 (adhesive) is formed on the transfer substrate 67 (base material) as shown in FIG. A lithographic plate for applying an adhesive is formed on the alignment film 63a located on the upper surface.
[0105]
At this time, as shown in FIG. 6B, a portion that does not come into contact with the scanning line substrate 68a in a transfer step (step of transferring the adhesive layer 65 from the transfer substrate 67 to the scanning line substrate 68a) described later has a thickness of 50. After pre-covering with a protective film 69 made of ~ 500 nm silicon resin, diluted with 25 cc of n-butyl cellosolve, a two-part epoxy adhesive (main ingredient 1 g, curing agent 1 g: manufactured by Konishi, trade name “Bond E”) The adhesive layer 65 is formed on a portion other than the protective film 69 by applying with a spin coating or a roller printer so as to have a thickness of 50 to 500 nm.
[0106]
As a material for the protective film 69, silicon rubber, fluorine resin, or the like can be used in addition to the above-described silicon resin. In addition, the entire surface of the transfer substrate 67 may be covered with the adhesive layer 65 as shown in FIG. 4B referred to in the second embodiment without using the protective film 69, but as described above. If the protective film 69 is provided on the transfer substrate 67, the portion other than the region where the adhesive layer 65 is to be transferred on the scanning line substrate 68 a (that is, the portion positioned on the upper surface of the polymer wall 64 in the alignment film 63 a), This is advantageous because it can prevent the adhesive layer 65 from being transferred.
[0107]
Next, as shown in FIG. 6C, the adhesive layer 65 is transferred from the scanning line substrate 68a and the transfer substrate 67 to the alignment film 63a located on the upper surface of the polymer wall 64 of the scanning line substrate 68a. So that the pressure is 1.5 kgf / cm ² By air-pressing, both substrates are once bonded in a flat state.
[0108]
Thereafter, the scanning line substrate 68a and the transfer substrate 67 are slowly peeled off, and the solvent of the adhesive contained in the adhesive layer 65 is dried at 80 ° C. for 180 seconds. As shown in FIG. The layer 65 is transferred from the transfer substrate 67 to the upper surface of the polymer wall 64 on the scanning line substrate 68a.
[0109]
The conditions required for the transfer substrate 67 are that there is no alteration due to the solvent of the adhesive and that there is no hindrance to the transfer of the adhesive, and the material is not only glass but also a film such as a polyethylene film. You can also.
[0110]
When a film is used, the shape of the plate is not limited to the flat plate as described above. For example, the film may be wound around a circular plate cylinder to form a roller. In the case of using a film obtained by winding a film around a circular plate cylinder as a plate, a pressure of about 5 kg is applied to the circular plate cylinder when transferring the adhesive layer 65 to the surface of the alignment film 63a of the scanning line substrate 68a. Is preferred.
[0111]
A liquid crystal cell is formed by injecting a ferroelectric liquid crystal into a gap formed by facing the scanning line substrate 68a thus manufactured and another signal line substrate 68b similarly manufactured and vacuuming and bonding them. Is produced.
[0112]
As described above, the liquid crystal cell according to the present embodiment is characterized in that the adhesive layer 65 is applied only to the upper surface of the polymer wall 64 of the scanning line substrate 68a by the planographic printing method.
[0113]
As a result, the substrate strength against external forces such as compression and pulling is improved, and a liquid crystal cell in which substrate deformation hardly occurs is realized. As a result, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal cell in which the cell thickness is kept uniform and there is no display defect.
[0114]
In the above, the polymer wall 64 formed in the shape of a wall that is continuous along the longitudinal direction of the scanning line 61a is illustrated as an embodiment of the spacer according to the present invention, but the shape of the spacer is limited to this. For example, it may be a plurality of columns arranged along the longitudinal direction of the scanning line 61a.
[0115]
[ reference Form of 3 ]
Of the present invention reference The following will describe still another embodiment of the present invention mainly with reference to FIG.
[0116]
Book reference The liquid crystal cell according to the embodiment is as described above. reference In the manufacturing process, an adhesive layer 55 that bonds the scanning line substrate 58a and the signal line substrate 58b is formed on the upper surface of the polymer wall 54 of the scanning line substrate 58a. The procedure for forming reference This is different from the liquid crystal cell according to the first embodiment.
[0117]
To simplify the explanation, this reference Form of 3 Then reference Only the procedure for forming the adhesive layer 55 on the portion different from the first embodiment, that is, the upper surface of the polymer wall 54 will be described.
[0118]
Book reference In form, reference 7A, the polymer wall 54 having a trapezoidal cross section is formed on the alignment film 53a of the scanning line substrate 58a as shown in FIG. 7A. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. Then, by forming the adhesive layer 55 on the transfer substrate 57, an intaglio for applying the adhesive to the upper surface of the polymer wall 54 is created.
[0119]
First, as shown in FIG. 7B, the transfer substrate 57 contacts the upper surface of the polymer wall 54 in a transfer step (step of transferring the adhesive layer 55 from the transfer substrate 57 to the scanning line substrate 58a) described later. After forming a recess having a depth of 50 to 500 nm in the part to be processed, a two-component epoxy adhesive diluted with 25 cc of n-butyl cellosolve (main ingredient 1 g, curing agent 1 g: manufactured by Konishi Co., Ltd., trade name “Bond E”), It is applied by spin coating or a roller printer so as to have a thickness of 50 to 500 nm.
[0120]
Next, the doctor 41 scrapes off the adhesive on the surface of the transfer substrate 57 to form an intaglio having an adhesive layer 55 only in the recess.
[0121]
In addition, reference 2B referred to in the first embodiment, the adhesive layer 55 may be formed on the entire surface of the transfer substrate 57. However, as described above, the transfer substrate 57 is scanned in the transfer process. If the adhesive layer 55 is formed only in the concave portion that is in contact with the line substrate 58a, it is advantageous in that the adhesive layer 55 can be prevented from being transferred to a portion other than the upper surface of the polymer wall 54. is there.
[0122]
Next, as shown in FIG. 7C, the scanning line substrate 58 a and the transfer substrate 57 are arranged so that the upper surface of the polymer wall 54 of the scanning line substrate 58 a corresponds to the adhesive layer 55 of the transfer substrate 57. Align, pressure 1.5Kgf / cm ² By air-pressing, both substrates are once bonded in a flat state.
[0123]
Thereafter, the scanning line substrate 58a and the transfer substrate 57 are slowly peeled off, and the solvent of the adhesive contained in the adhesive layer 55 is dried at 80 ° C. for 180 seconds. As shown in FIG. The layer 55 is transferred from the transfer substrate 57 to the upper surface of the polymer wall 54 on the scanning line substrate 58a.
[0124]
The conditions required for the transfer substrate 57 are that there is no alteration due to the solvent of the adhesive and that there is no hindrance to the transfer of the adhesive, and the material is not only glass but also a film such as a polyethylene film. You can also.
[0125]
When a film is used, the shape of the plate is not limited to the flat plate as described above. For example, the film may be wound around a circular plate cylinder to form a roller. In the case of using a film obtained by winding a film around a circular plate cylinder as a plate, a pressure of about 5 kg is applied to the circular plate cylinder when transferring the adhesive layer 55 to the surface of the alignment film 53a of the scanning line substrate 58a. Is preferred.
[0126]
A liquid crystal cell is formed by injecting a ferroelectric liquid crystal into a gap where a scanning line substrate 58a thus produced and another signal line substrate 58b similarly produced are opposed to each other and evacuated and bonded. Is produced.
[0127]
As above, the book reference The liquid crystal cell according to the embodiment is characterized in that the adhesive layer 55 is applied only to the upper surface of the polymer wall 54 of the scanning line substrate 58a by an intaglio printing method.
[0128]
As described above, the scanning line substrate 58a and the signal line substrate 58b are bonded to each other by the adhesive layer 55, so that the substrate strength against an external force such as compression and pulling is improved, and a liquid crystal cell in which the substrate is hardly deformed is realized. The As a result, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal cell in which the cell thickness is kept uniform and there is no display defect.
[0129]
In the above, the spacer according to the present invention reference As an example, the polymer wall 54 formed into a continuous wall shape along the longitudinal direction of the scanning line 51a is illustrated, but the shape of the spacer is not limited to this, and for example, the longitudinal direction of the scanning line 51a There may be a plurality of columns arranged along.
[0130]
[ reference Form of 4 ]
Of the present invention reference The following will describe still another embodiment of the present invention mainly with reference to FIG.
[0131]
Book reference The liquid crystal cell according to the embodiment is as described above. reference However, in the manufacturing process, an adhesive layer 65 that bonds the scanning line substrate 68a and the signal line substrate 68b is formed on the alignment film 63a of the scanning line substrate 68a. When reference This is different from the liquid crystal cell according to the second embodiment.
[0132]
To simplify the explanation, this reference Form of 4 Then reference Only the procedure for forming the adhesive layer 65 on the portion different from the second embodiment, that is, the alignment film 63a of the scanning line substrate 68a will be described.
[0133]
Book reference In form, reference 8A, a scanning line 61a, a black matrix 66, a polymer wall 64, an insulating film 62a, and an alignment film 63a are sequentially formed on the glass substrate 60a as shown in FIG. By doing so, while forming the scanning line substrate 68a, as shown in FIG. 8B, the adhesive layer 65 is formed on the transfer substrate 67, whereby the alignment film 63a positioned on the upper surface of the polymer wall 64 is formed. Create an intaglio plate to apply an adhesive to.
[0134]
At this time, as shown in FIG. 8B, the transfer substrate 67 is brought into contact with the scanning line substrate 68a in a transfer step (step of transferring the adhesive layer 65 from the transfer substrate 67 to the scanning line substrate 68a) described later. After forming a recess having a depth of 50 to 500 nm in the part, a two-part epoxy adhesive diluted with 25 cc of n-butyl cellosolve (1 g of main agent, 1 g of curing agent: trade name “Bond E”, manufactured by Konishi Co., Ltd.) It is applied by spin coating or a roller printer so that the thickness is 50 to 500 nm.
[0135]
Next, the doctor 41 scrapes off the adhesive on the surface of the transfer substrate 67, thereby forming an intaglio having an adhesive layer 65 only in the recess.
[0136]
In addition, reference As shown in FIG. 4B referred to in the second embodiment, the adhesive layer 65 may be formed on the entire surface of the transfer substrate 67. As described above, the transfer substrate 67 is scanned in the transfer process. If the adhesive layer 65 is formed only in the concave portion in contact with the line substrate 68a, the region to which the adhesive layer 65 is to be transferred in the scanning line substrate 68a (that is, the portion located on the upper surface of the polymer wall 64 in the alignment film 63a). This is advantageous because the adhesive layer 65 can be prevented from being transferred to other portions.
[0137]
Next, as shown in FIG. 8C, the adhesive layer 65 is transferred from the scanning line substrate 68a and the transfer substrate 67 to the alignment film 63a located on the upper surface of the polymer wall 64 of the scanning line substrate 68a. So that the pressure is 1.5 kgf / cm ² By air-pressing, both substrates are once bonded in a flat state.
[0138]
Thereafter, the scanning line substrate 68a and the transfer substrate 67 are slowly peeled off, and the solvent of the adhesive contained in the adhesive layer 65 is dried at 80 ° C. for 180 seconds. As shown in FIG. The layer 65 is transferred from the transfer substrate 67 to the upper surface of the polymer wall 64 on the scanning line substrate 68a.
[0139]
The conditions required for the transfer substrate 67 are that there is no alteration due to the solvent of the adhesive and that there is no hindrance to the transfer of the adhesive, and the material is not only glass but also a film such as a polyethylene film. You can also.
[0140]
When a film is used, the shape of the plate is not limited to the flat plate as described above. For example, the film may be wound around a circular plate cylinder to form a roller. In the case of using a film obtained by winding a film around a circular plate cylinder as a plate, a pressure of about 5 kg is applied to the circular plate cylinder when transferring the adhesive layer 65 to the surface of the alignment film 63a of the scanning line substrate 68a. Is preferred.
[0141]
A liquid crystal cell is formed by injecting a ferroelectric liquid crystal into a gap formed by facing the scanning line substrate 68a thus manufactured and another signal line substrate 68b similarly manufactured and vacuuming and bonding them. Is produced.
[0142]
As above, the book reference The liquid crystal cell according to the embodiment is characterized in that the adhesive layer 65 is applied only to the upper surface of the polymer wall 64 of the scanning line substrate 68a by an intaglio printing method.
[0143]
As a result, the substrate strength against external forces such as compression and pulling is improved, and a liquid crystal cell in which substrate deformation hardly occurs is realized. As a result, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal cell in which the cell thickness is kept uniform and there is no display defect.
[0144]
In the above, the spacer according to the present invention reference As an example, the polymer wall 64 formed in a continuous wall shape along the longitudinal direction of the scanning line 61a is illustrated, but the shape of the spacer is not limited to this, and for example, the longitudinal direction of the scanning line 61a There may be a plurality of columns arranged along.
[0145]
[ reference Form of 5 ]
Of the present invention reference Still another embodiment of the present invention will be described as follows mainly based on FIG.
[0146]
Book reference The liquid crystal cell according to the embodiment is as described above. reference In the manufacturing process, an adhesive layer 55 that bonds the scanning line substrate 58a and the signal line substrate 58b is formed on the upper surface of the polymer wall 54 of the scanning line substrate 58a. The procedure for forming reference This is different from the liquid crystal cell according to the first embodiment.
[0147]
To simplify the explanation, here reference Only the procedure for forming the adhesive layer 55 on the portion different from the first embodiment, that is, the upper surface of the polymer wall 54 will be described.
[0148]
Book reference In form, reference 9A, a polymer wall 54 having a trapezoidal cross section is formed on the alignment film 53a of the scanning line substrate 58a as shown in FIG. 9A, while as shown in FIG. 9B. By forming the adhesive layer 55 on the transfer substrate 57, a relief plate for applying the adhesive to the upper surface of the polymer wall 54 is created.
[0149]
First, as shown in FIG. 9B, the transfer substrate 57 is in contact with the upper surface of the polymer wall 54 in a transfer step (step of transferring the adhesive layer 55 from the transfer substrate 57 to the scanning line substrate 58a) described later. After forming the convex part 43 having a height of 500 nm on the part to be formed, a two-component epoxy adhesive diluted with 25 cc of n-butyl cellosolve (main ingredient 1 g, curing agent 1 g: manufactured by Konishi Co., Ltd., trade name “Bond E”), It coats with the roller printer 42 so that it may become thickness 50-500 nm.
[0150]
As the transfer substrate 57 as a relief plate having the projections 43, a metal plate such as Ni or a resin plate made of rubber or APR resin can be used.
[0151]
In addition, reference 2B referred to in the first embodiment, the adhesive layer 55 may be formed on the entire surface of the transfer substrate 57. However, as shown in FIG. If the plate is made so that the adhesive is attached only to the top, it is advantageous in that the adhesive layer 55 can be prevented from being transferred to a portion other than the upper surface of the polymer wall 54.
[0152]
Next, as shown in FIG. 9C, the scanning line substrate 58 a and the transfer substrate 57 are arranged so that the upper surface of the polymer wall 54 of the scanning line substrate 58 a corresponds to the adhesive layer 55 of the transfer substrate 57. Align, pressure 1.5Kgf / cm ² By air-pressing, both substrates are once bonded in a flat state.
[0153]
Thereafter, the scanning line substrate 58a and the transfer substrate 57 are slowly peeled off, and the solvent of the adhesive contained in the adhesive layer 55 is dried at 80 ° C. for 180 seconds. As shown in FIG. The layer 55 is transferred from the transfer substrate 57 to the upper surface of the polymer wall 54 on the scanning line substrate 58a.
[0154]
The conditions required for the transfer substrate 57 are that there is no alteration due to the solvent of the adhesive and that there is no hindrance to the transfer of the adhesive, and the material is not only glass but also a film such as a polyethylene film. You can also.
[0155]
When a film is used, the shape of the plate is not limited to the flat plate as described above. For example, the film may be wound around a circular plate cylinder to form a roller. In the case of using a film obtained by winding a film around a circular plate cylinder as a plate, a pressure of about 5 kg is applied to the circular plate cylinder when transferring the adhesive layer 55 to the surface of the alignment film 53a of the scanning line substrate 58a. Is preferred.
[0156]
A liquid crystal cell is formed by injecting a ferroelectric liquid crystal into a gap where a scanning line substrate 58a thus produced and another signal line substrate 58b similarly produced are opposed to each other and evacuated and bonded. Is produced.
[0157]
As above, the book reference The liquid crystal cell according to the embodiment is characterized in that the adhesive layer 55 is applied only to the upper surface of the polymer wall 54 of the scanning line substrate 58a by a relief printing method.
[0158]
As described above, the scanning line substrate 58a and the signal line substrate 58b are bonded to each other by the adhesive layer 55, so that the substrate strength against an external force such as compression and pulling is improved, and a liquid crystal cell in which the substrate is hardly deformed is realized. The As a result, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal cell in which the cell thickness is kept uniform and there is no display defect.
[0159]
In the above, the spacer according to the present invention reference As an example, the polymer wall 54 formed into a continuous wall shape along the longitudinal direction of the scanning line 51a is illustrated, but the shape of the spacer is not limited to this, and for example, the longitudinal direction of the scanning line 51a There may be a plurality of columns arranged along.
[0160]
[ reference Form of 6 ]
Of the present invention reference The following will describe still another embodiment of the present invention mainly with reference to FIG.
[0161]
Book reference The liquid crystal cell according to the embodiment is as described above. reference However, in the manufacturing process, an adhesive layer 65 that bonds the scanning line substrate 68a and the signal line substrate 68b is formed on the alignment film 63a of the scanning line substrate 68a. When reference This is different from the liquid crystal cell according to the second embodiment.
[0162]
To simplify the explanation, this reference In form 6, reference Only the procedure for forming the adhesive layer 65 on the portion different from the second embodiment, that is, the alignment film 63a of the scanning line substrate 68a will be described.
[0163]
Book reference In form, reference The scanning line 61a, black matrix 66, polymer wall 64, insulating film 62a, and alignment film 63a are sequentially formed on the glass substrate 60a as shown in FIG. By doing so, while forming the scanning line substrate 68a, as shown in FIG. 10B, an adhesive layer 65 is formed on the transfer substrate 67, and on the alignment film 63a located on the upper surface of the polymer wall 64. Create a letterpress for applying adhesive.
[0164]
At this time, as shown in FIG. 10B, the transfer substrate 67 is brought into contact with the scanning line substrate 68a in a transfer step (step of transferring the adhesive layer 65 from the transfer substrate 67 to the scanning line substrate 68a) described later. After forming a convex part 43 having a height of 500 nm on the part, a two-component epoxy adhesive diluted with 25 cc of n-butyl cellosolve (main ingredient 1 g, curing agent 1 g: manufactured by Konishi Co., Ltd., trade name “Bond E”) It is applied by a roller printer 42 so that the thickness is 50 to 500 nm.
[0165]
In addition, reference 4B referred to in the second embodiment, the adhesive layer 65 may be formed on the entire surface of the transfer substrate 67. However, as shown in FIG. If the adhesive layer 55 is formed only on the surface of the scanning line substrate 68a, the portion other than the region where the adhesive layer 65 is to be transferred (that is, the portion located on the upper surface of the polymer wall 64 in the alignment film 63a) In addition, the adhesive layer 65 is advantageously prevented from being transferred.
[0166]
Next, as shown in FIG. 10C, the adhesive layer 65 is transferred from the scanning line substrate 68a and the transfer substrate 67 to the alignment film 63a located on the upper surface of the polymer wall 64 of the scanning line substrate 68a. So that the pressure is 1.5 kgf / cm ² By air-pressing, both substrates are once bonded in a flat state.
[0167]
Thereafter, the scanning line substrate 68a and the transfer substrate 67 are slowly peeled off, and the solvent of the adhesive contained in the adhesive layer 65 is dried at 80 ° C. for 180 seconds. As shown in FIG. The layer 65 is transferred from the transfer substrate 67 to the upper surface of the polymer wall 64 on the scanning line substrate 68a.
[0168]
The conditions required for the transfer substrate 67 are that there is no alteration due to the solvent of the adhesive and that there is no hindrance to the transfer of the adhesive, and the material is not only glass but also a film such as a polyethylene film. You can also.
[0169]
When a film is used, the shape of the plate is not limited to the flat plate as described above. For example, the film may be wound around a circular plate cylinder to form a roller. In the case of using a film obtained by winding a film around a circular plate cylinder as a plate, a pressure of about 5 kg is applied to the circular plate cylinder when transferring the adhesive layer 65 to the surface of the alignment film 63a of the scanning line substrate 68a. Is preferred.
[0170]
A liquid crystal cell is formed by injecting a ferroelectric liquid crystal into a gap formed by facing the scanning line substrate 68a thus manufactured and another signal line substrate 68b similarly manufactured and vacuuming and bonding them. Is produced.
[0171]
As above, the book reference The liquid crystal cell according to the embodiment is characterized in that the adhesive layer 65 is applied only to the upper surface of the polymer wall 64 of the scanning line substrate 68a by a relief printing method.
[0172]
As a result, the substrate strength against external forces such as compression and pulling is improved, and a liquid crystal cell in which substrate deformation hardly occurs is realized. As a result, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal cell in which the cell thickness is kept uniform and there is no display defect.
[0173]
In the above, the spacer according to the present invention reference As an example, the polymer wall 64 formed in a continuous wall shape along the longitudinal direction of the scanning line 61a is illustrated, but the shape of the spacer is not limited to this, and for example, the longitudinal direction of the scanning line 61a There may be a plurality of columns arranged along.
[0174]
Each of the above reference It is needless to say that the present invention does not limit the present invention, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the invention. For example, the above-described materials for the adhesive layers 55 and 65 and the above-described conditions such as various film thicknesses and pressure bonding strength are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0175]
【The invention's effect】
As above Book The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display element according to the invention is a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display element in which a liquid crystal is sandwiched between a pair of substrates having at least an electrode and an alignment film, and the longitudinal direction of the electrode on the alignment film of one substrate (A) forming a spacer having a trapezoidal cross section in a plane perpendicular to the bottom surface so that the lower surface corresponding to the longer bottom of the trapezoid in the cross section is in contact with the alignment film; The portion of the spacer that does not come into contact with the upper surface corresponding to the shorter bottom of the trapezoid is covered with a protective film made of a material that repels the adhesive, and then the portion other than the protective film Step (b) of creating a plate by applying an adhesive, and the spacer upon A step (c) of transferring the adhesive to the upper surface of the spacer by pressing a surface against the plate; and a step (d) of bonding the other substrate to the adhesive transferred to the upper surface of the spacer. It is the method of including.
[0176]
According to the above manufacturing method, the substrate strength against an external force such as compression or pulling is improved, and the conventional problems such as deterioration of display quality due to a change in cell thickness are solved. Since the adhesive is selectively transferred only to the upper surface of the spacer, the adhesive is prevented from adversely affecting the alignment of the liquid crystal in the pixel portion. Even if it protrudes, since the spacer has a trapezoidal cross section, the adverse effect of the adhesive protruding from the upper surface of the spacer on the alignment of the liquid crystal does not spread beyond the range of the lower surface of the spacer. As a result, it is possible to improve the substrate strength without disturbing the alignment of the liquid crystal and to provide a liquid crystal display element that realizes an excellent display quality.
[0177]
Of the present invention The manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display element is: the above In the step (a), the base angle of the trapezoid is in the range of 10 ° to 65 °. Thereby, there exists an effect that the adhesiveness between a pair of board | substrates can further be improved.
[0178]
Of the present invention The manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display element is: the above In this method, the plate produced in the step (b) is any one of a lithographic plate, an intaglio plate, and a relief plate. By using such a plate, there is an effect that the adhesive can be efficiently transferred selectively only to the upper surface of the spacer.
[0179]
Of the present invention The manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display element is ,Up In this method, a flat plate is used as the recording substrate.
[0180]
Of the present invention The manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display element is ,Up This is a method in which the base material is a film attached to a flat plate or a circular plate cylinder.
[0181]
Of the present invention The manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display element is ,Up In the step (b), the region to which the adhesive is applied is selectively provided corresponding to the position where the upper surface of the spacer is pressed in the step (c). As a result, the adhesive can be prevented from being transferred to an unnecessary portion.
[0182]
Of the present invention A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display element is a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display element in which a liquid crystal is sandwiched between a pair of substrates having at least an electrode and an alignment film. Forming a trapezoidal spacer such that the lower surface corresponding to the longer bottom of the trapezoid in the cross section is in contact with the substrate surface, and a step of forming an alignment film so as to cover the spacer ( b) and the substrate The portion of the spacer that does not come into contact with the upper surface corresponding to the shorter bottom of the trapezoid is covered with a protective film made of a material that repels the adhesive, and then the portion other than the protective film Step (c) of creating a plate by applying an adhesive, and the spacer upon A step (d) of transferring the adhesive to the alignment film formed on the upper surface by press-contacting the alignment film formed on the surface to the plate; and the other substrate on the adhesive transferred to the alignment film And a step (e) of bonding.
[0183]
According to the above manufacturing method, the substrate strength against an external force such as compression or pulling is improved, and the conventional problems such as deterioration of display quality due to a change in cell thickness are solved. In addition, since the alignment film is formed so as to cover the spacer, there is no problem that the alignment of the liquid crystal is disturbed around the spacer as compared with the first manufacturing method described above, and a good alignment state is obtained. There is an advantage that it can be obtained.
[0184]
Since the adhesive is selectively transferred only onto the alignment film covering the upper surface of the spacer, the adhesive is prevented from adversely affecting the alignment of the liquid crystal in the pixel portion. Even if the spacer slightly protrudes from the alignment film covering the upper surface of the spacer, since the spacer has a trapezoidal cross section, the adverse effect of the protruding adhesive on the alignment of the liquid crystal does not spread beyond the range of the lower surface of the spacer. As a result, the substrate strength can be improved without disturbing the alignment of the liquid crystal, and the liquid crystal display element that realizes excellent display quality can be provided.
[0185]
Of the present invention The manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display element is: the above In the step (a), the base angle of the trapezoid is in the range of 10 ° to 65 °. Thereby, there exists an effect that the adhesiveness between board | substrates can further be improved.
[0186]
Of the present invention The manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display element is: the above In this method, the plate produced in the step (c) is any one of a lithographic plate, an intaglio plate, and a relief plate. By using such a plate, there is an effect that the adhesive can be efficiently transferred selectively only to the upper surface of the spacer.
[0187]
Of the present invention The manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display element is ,Up In this method, a flat plate is used as the recording substrate.
[0188]
Of the present invention The manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display element is ,Up This is a method in which the base material is a film attached to a flat plate or a circular plate cylinder.
[0189]
Of the present invention The manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display element is: the above In the step (c), a region where the adhesive is applied is selectively provided corresponding to the position where the alignment film is pressed in the step (d). As a result, the adhesive can be prevented from being transferred to an unnecessary portion.
[0190]
Manufactured by the present invention The liquid crystal display element is a liquid crystal display element in which liquid crystal is sandwiched between first and second substrates each having at least an electrode and an alignment film, and is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the electrode on the alignment film of the first substrate. A spacer having a trapezoidal cross section in a plane is provided, and the lower surface of the spacer corresponding to the longer bottom of the trapezoid in the cross section is in contact with the alignment film of the first substrate, and the trapezoid is short in the cross section. In this configuration, the second substrate is bonded with an adhesive applied only to the upper surface corresponding to the bottom.
[0191]
According to said structure, the board | substrate intensity | strength with respect to external forces, such as compression and a tension, improves, and the conventional problems, such as a display quality fall accompanying the change of cell thickness, are solved.
[0192]
In addition, since the adhesive is selectively applied only to the upper surface of the spacer, the adhesive is prevented from adversely affecting the alignment of the liquid crystal in the pixel portion. Even if it protrudes, since the spacer has a trapezoidal cross section, the adverse effect of the adhesive protruding from the upper surface of the spacer on the alignment of the liquid crystal does not spread beyond the range of the lower surface of the spacer. As a result, the substrate strength can be improved without disturbing the alignment of the liquid crystal, and the liquid crystal display element that realizes excellent display quality can be provided.
[0193]
Manufactured by the present invention The liquid crystal display element is a liquid crystal display element in which a liquid crystal is sandwiched between a pair of substrates each having at least an electrode and an alignment film. And an alignment film provided so as to cover the spacer, and an adhesive is provided at a location covering the surface of the alignment film corresponding to the bottom of the shorter trapezoid in the cross section of the spacer, The other substrate is bonded to this adhesive.
[0194]
According to said structure, the board | substrate intensity | strength with respect to external forces, such as compression and a tension, improves, and the conventional problems, such as a display quality fall accompanying the change of cell thickness, are solved. Further, since the alignment film is formed so as to cover the spacer, there is no problem that the alignment of the liquid crystal is disturbed around the spacer as compared with the first liquid crystal display element described above, and a good alignment state is achieved. There is an advantage that can be obtained.
[0195]
Since the adhesive is selectively transferred only onto the alignment film covering the upper surface of the spacer, the adhesive is prevented from adversely affecting the alignment of the liquid crystal in the pixel portion. Even if the spacer slightly protrudes from the alignment film covering the upper surface of the spacer, since the spacer has a trapezoidal cross section, the adverse effect of the protruding adhesive on the alignment of the liquid crystal does not spread beyond the range of the lower surface of the spacer. As a result, the substrate strength can be improved without disturbing the alignment of the liquid crystal, and the liquid crystal display element that realizes excellent display quality can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 of the present invention For reference It is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the liquid crystal cell as a form.
FIGS. 2A to 2D are cross-sectional views illustrating an example of the manufacturing process of the liquid crystal cell.
FIG. 3 of the present invention Other reference It is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the liquid crystal cell which concerns on a form.
FIGS. 4A to 4D are cross-sectional views illustrating an example of a manufacturing process of the liquid crystal cell shown in FIG.
FIG. 5 (a) to (d) One aspect of the present invention FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a method for transferring an adhesive by a lithographic printing method.
6 (a) to (d) are the same as FIG. Other forms of the invention FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a method for transferring an adhesive by a lithographic printing method.
7A to 7D are cross-sectional views illustrating a method for transferring an adhesive by an intaglio printing method as another example of the manufacturing process of the liquid crystal cell shown in FIG.
8A to 8D are cross-sectional views illustrating a method for transferring an adhesive by an intaglio printing method as another example of the manufacturing process of the liquid crystal cell shown in FIG.
9A to 9D are cross-sectional views illustrating a method for transferring an adhesive by letterpress printing as another example of the manufacturing process of the liquid crystal cell shown in FIG.
FIGS. 10A to 10D are cross-sectional views illustrating a method for transferring an adhesive by letterpress printing as another example of the manufacturing process of the liquid crystal cell shown in FIG.
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of an example of a conventional ferroelectric liquid crystal display device.
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram for explaining the electric field response of ferroelectric liquid crystal molecules.
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram for explaining a switching state of ferroelectric liquid crystal molecules.
[Explanation of symbols]
50a / 50b glass substrate
51a Scanning line (electrode)
51b Signal line (electrode)
52a / 52b Insulating film
53a / 53b Alignment film
54 Polymer wall (spacer)
55 Adhesive layer
56 black matrix
57 Transfer substrate (base material)
58a Scanning line substrate (substrate)
58b Signal line substrate (substrate)

Claims (10)

In a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display element in which a liquid crystal is sandwiched between a pair of substrates having at least an electrode and an alignment film,
A spacer having a trapezoidal cross section in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the electrode is formed on the alignment film of one substrate so that the bottom surface corresponding to the longer bottom of the trapezoid in the cross section is in contact with the alignment film. Step (a) to perform,
After covering the portion of the base material that does not come into contact with the upper surface corresponding to the shorter bottom of the trapezoid of the spacer with a protective film made of a material that repels the adhesive, the adhesive is applied to the portion other than the protective film. Step (b) of creating a plate,
By pressing the upper surface of the spacer to the plate, and step (c) to transfer the adhesive to the upper surface of the spacer,
And a step (d) of adhering the other substrate to the adhesive transferred to the upper surface of the spacer.   2. The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, wherein in the step (a), the base angle of the trapezoid is in the range of 10 [deg.] To 65 [deg.].   2. The method for producing a liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, wherein the plate produced in the step (b) is any one of a lithographic plate, an intaglio plate, and a relief plate.   The method for producing a liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, wherein the base material is a flat plate.   The method for producing a liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, wherein the substrate is a film attached to a flat plate or a circular plate cylinder. In a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display element in which a liquid crystal is sandwiched between a pair of substrates having at least an electrode and an alignment film,
A step of forming a spacer having a trapezoidal cross section in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the electrode on one substrate so that a lower surface corresponding to the longer bottom of the trapezoid in the cross section is in contact with the substrate surface ( a) and
A step (b) of forming an alignment film so as to cover the spacer;
After covering the portion of the base material that does not come into contact with the upper surface corresponding to the shorter bottom of the trapezoid of the spacer with a protective film made of a material that repels the adhesive, the adhesive is applied to the portion other than the protective film. Step (c) of creating a plate,
An alignment film formed on the upper surface of the spacer by pressing on the plate, and step (d) of transferring the adhesive to the orientation film formed on the upper surface,
And (e) adhering the other substrate to the adhesive transferred to the alignment film. 7. The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display element according to claim 6 , wherein in the step (a), the base angle of the trapezoid is in the range of 10 [deg.] To 65 [deg.]. The method for producing a liquid crystal display element according to claim 6 , wherein the plate produced in the step (c) is any one of a lithographic plate, an intaglio plate, and a relief plate. The method for producing a liquid crystal display element according to claim 6 , wherein the substrate is a flat plate. The method for producing a liquid crystal display element according to claim 6 , wherein the substrate is a film attached to a flat plate or a circular plate cylinder.

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