JP4002217B2 - Playback device and playback method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  The present invention corresponds to a recording medium on which information is recorded by a data structure including management data corresponding to audio data and video data.RegenerationThe present invention relates to an apparatus and a reproduction method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A recording device capable of recording / reproducing music, a reproducing device, and a magneto-optical disk as a recording medium have been put into practical use. Particularly, in recent years, a user not only reproduces music but also records sound such as music. Also known are things that can be done (eg minidiscs).
[0003]
When this mini-disc system is used, generally, audio signals such as music are recorded / reproduced. For example, in this mini-disc system, video data can be recorded / reproduced in accordance with music such as music. It is also possible to do.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, considering that video is added as recording / playback data to what was originally developed for the purpose of recording / playback of audio like the mini-disc system, there arises a problem that it is difficult to maintain compatibility.
That is, not only providing a system capable of recording and reproducing video and music, but also recording / recording only audio data in a normal mini-disc player / recorder on a recording medium (disc) to which video data is newly added. It is possible to play music and enjoy music, etc. In addition, the video input / output compatible player / recorder can play audio data and video data at the same time, so it can be enjoyed as karaoke with video or video equipment. It is desirable to ensure compatibility that can be better.
[0005]
Also, in such a recording / reproducing system, there are cases where it is desired that the recorded data cannot be reproduced by anyone other than a specific individual when the recorded data is highly confidential. For example, there is a request that only a person who knows a password for a predetermined video or audio data can reproduce it.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  The present inventionNormal data or playback prohibition specification data is specifiedVideo data and audio data are recorded, and management for reproducing the normal data and the reproduction prohibition designation datadataAsDo not play prohibited dataOnly the normal data according to the first playback orderSpecifyNormalManagement dataAnd depending on the second playback orderSpecify the above normal data and reproduction-prohibited dataPIN requestManagement dataFor each recorded recording medium, the above-mentioned PIN request management according to the match of the input PIN number at the time of playback operationdataIt is configured so that data can be reproduced using information according to the above.
  Further, data indicating the presence of the password request management data is recorded on the recording medium. When the reproduction prohibition designation is canceled, the password request management data is written into the normal management data, and Data indicating the presence of the password request management data is rewritten and recorded as data indicating the absence.
  In particular, the above password request managementdataThis makes it possible to reproduce both the normal data and the reproduction prohibition designation data in accordance with the second reproduction order. The second reproduction order is a reproduction order set before designation of reproduction prohibition designation data.
  Further, as a playback method for the recording medium, the step of requesting the input of a personal identification number at the time of the reproduction operation, the step of determining whether or not the input personal identification number is correct, and the above-described method according to the fact that the personal identification number input is correct PIN requestmanagementAnd reproducing the data using information based on the data.
[0007]
  In the present invention,Management dataManagement is performed so that a normal data portion can be reproduced in the first reproduction order in a state where a certain data portion cannot be reproduced as a reproduction prohibition designation data portion. In contrast, both the normal data portion and the reproduction prohibition designation data portion are controlled. Password request for enabling playback in the second playback orderManagement dataTheRecordTo be able toRegenerationAs a device, a password request is made according to the match of the input password at the time of playback operation.Management dataIf you use the information byrecoding mediaIn the above, it is possible to realize a data portion in which only a user who can input a password can execute data reproduction.
[0008]
【Example】
  Hereinafter, the present inventionRegenerationDescribes the data structure, recording medium, and disk device (disc device capable of recording and reproducing both video and audio simultaneously) as examples of the device and the reproduction method, and reproduces predetermined data based on the input of a personal identification number A disc device that can be used and a reproducing method thereof will be described. In this embodiment, a mini-disc system is used to record and reproduce video data in addition to audio data.
  The description will be given in the following order.
  1) Configuration of disk unit for video and audio
  2) Configuration of a disk device that only supports audio
  3) Track structure on the disc
  4) P-TOC format on disk
  5) U-TOC format on disk
  6) Audio data sector structure on the disc
  7) Video data sector structure on the disc
  8) Video data generation method
  9) Track structure in which audio data and video data are mixed
10) Video data format
11) Recording / playback management system
12) A management method for obtaining a reproduction-prohibited part only in the normal U-TOC sector
13) Reproduction method when a reproduction prohibited part is obtained only in the normal U-TOC sector
14) Management method when using a password request U-TOC sector
15) Reproduction method when using password request U-TOC sector
[0009]
<1. Configuration of video / audio compatible disk unit>
FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a disk device as an embodiment.
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a magneto-optical disk on which audio data and video data are mixedly recorded (time division multiplexing) as will be described later, and is rotated by a spindle motor 2. An optical head 3 irradiates a laser beam to the magneto-optical disk 1 at the time of recording / reproducing, and at the time of recording provides a high level laser output for heating the recording track to the Curie temperature, and at the time of reproduction by the magnetic Kerr effect. A relatively low level laser output for detecting data from the reflected light.
[0010]
For this reason, the optical head 3 is equipped with a laser diode as a laser output means, an optical system including a deflection beam splitter, an objective lens, and the like, and a detector for detecting reflected light. The objective lens 3a is held by a biaxial mechanism 4 so as to be displaceable in the radial direction of the disc and in the direction in which the objective lens 3a is in contact with or separated from the disc.
[0011]
Reference numeral 6a denotes a magnetic head for applying a magnetic field modulated by the supplied data to the magneto-optical disk, which is disposed at a position facing the optical head 3 with the magneto-optical disk 1 in between. The entire optical head 3 and the magnetic head 6 a can be moved in the radial direction of the disk by the thread mechanism 5.
[0012]
Information detected from the magneto-optical disk 1 by the optical head 3 by the reproducing operation is supplied to the RF amplifier 7. The RF amplifier 7 performs processing of the supplied information to reproduce RF signal, tracking error signal, focus error signal, absolute position information (absolute position information recorded as a pregroove (wobbling groove) on the magneto-optical disk 1), Address information, focus monitor signal, etc. are extracted. The extracted reproduction RF signal is supplied to the encoder / decoder unit 8. The tracking error signal and the focus error signal are supplied to the servo circuit 9, and the address information is supplied to the address decoder 10. Further, the absolute position information and the focus monitor signal are supplied to a system controller 11 constituted by, for example, a microcomputer.
[0013]
The servo circuit 9 generates various servo drive signals based on the supplied tracking error signal, focus error signal, track jump command, seek command from the system controller 11, information on the rotational speed detection of the spindle motor 2, and the like. And the thread mechanism 5 is controlled to perform focus and tracking control, and the spindle motor 2 is controlled to a constant angular velocity (CAV) or a constant linear velocity (CLV).
[0014]
The reproduction RF signal is subjected to decoding processing such as EFM demodulation and CIRC by the encoder / decoder unit 8, and then temporarily written in the buffer RAM 13 by the memory controller 12. The reading of data (audio data and video data) from the magneto-optical disk 1 by the optical head 3 and the transfer of reproduction data in the system from the optical head 3 to the buffer RAM 13 are performed at 1.41 Mbit / sec, for example.
[0015]
The data written in the buffer RAM 13 is read at a timing when the reproduction data is transferred at, for example, 0.3 Mbit / sec, and the audio data is supplied to the encoder / decoder unit 14 that performs audio compression / decompression processing. Then, a reproduction signal process such as a decoding process for the audio compression process is performed, and an analog audio signal is generated by the D / A converter 15, supplied from a terminal 16 to a predetermined amplifier circuit unit, and reproduced and output. For example, it is output as L and R audio signals.
[0016]
Also, the video data is supplied to the encoder / decoder unit 21 of the image signal by the memory controller 12. The encoder / decoder unit 21 is configured to be able to perform an encoding process and a decoding process according to, for example, the MPEG system. Reference numeral 23 denotes a video RAM that holds video data during encoding and decoding, and reference numeral 24 denotes a video signal generator.
[0017]
The video signal (R, G, B video signal) decoded by the encoder / decoder unit 21 is converted to an analog signal by the D / A converter 25 and converted to an NTSC video signal (for example, NTSC composite video signal) by the converter 26. And output from the terminal 27.
[0018]
Here, with respect to data that is once written to the buffer RAM 13 and then read (data is written / read in units of one sector to be described later), the system decoder 22 determines that the sector data is audio data from the data content. Or the video data, it is determined whether the read data should be supplied to the encoder / decoder unit 14 or the encoder / decoder unit 21.
[0019]
The address information output from the address decoder 10 and the subcode data used for the control operation are supplied to the system controller 11 via the encoder / decoder unit 8 and used for various control operations.
Further, a lock detection signal of a PLL circuit that generates a bit clock for recording / reproducing operation, a monitor signal indicating a lack of a frame synchronization signal of reproduced data, and the like are also supplied to the system controller 11.
[0020]
The system controller 11 also controls a laser control signal S for controlling the operation of the laser diode in the optical head 3._LPThe output of the laser diode is controlled on / off, and at the time of on control, the output during reproduction when the laser power is relatively low and the output during recording where the laser power is relatively high Can be switched.
[0021]
When a recording operation is performed on the magneto-optical disk 1, an audio signal (analog audio signal) to be recorded is supplied to the terminal 17.
The video signal (NTSC composite video signal) is supplied to the terminal 28.
[0022]
The analog audio signal supplied to the terminal 17 is converted into digital data by the A / D converter 18 and then supplied to the encoder / decoder unit 14 to be subjected to audio compression encoding processing. The audio data compressed by the encoder / decoder unit 14 is once written in the buffer RAM 13 by the memory controller 12, read out at a predetermined timing, and sent to the encoder / decoder unit 8. The encoder / decoder unit 8 performs an encoding process such as CIRC encoding and EFM modulation, and then supplies the encoded signal to the magnetic head driving circuit 15.
[0023]
Further, the NTSC composite video signal supplied to the terminal 28 is converted into R, G, B video signals by the converter 29, converted into digital data by the A / D converter 30, and then supplied to the encoder / decoder unit 21. Then, an encoding process according to the MPEG system is performed. That is, DCT conversion, requantization for bit number compression, run length coding, and the like are executed.
[0024]
The video data compressed and encoded by the encoder / decoder unit 21 is temporarily written in the buffer RAM 13 by the memory controller 12, read out at a predetermined timing, and sent to the encoder / decoder unit 8. The encoder / decoder 8 performs encoding processing such as CIRC encoding and EFM modulation, and then supplies the magnetic head driving circuit 6 with the encoding processing.
Audio data and video data are supplied to the magnetic head drive circuit 6 in a time division manner.
[0025]
The magnetic head drive circuit 6 supplies a magnetic head drive signal to the magnetic head 6a in accordance with the supplied recording data. That is, an N or S magnetic field is applied to the magneto-optical disk 1 by the magnetic head 6a. At this time, the system controller 11 supplies a control signal to the optical head so as to output a recording level laser beam.
[0026]
Reference numeral 19 denotes an operation input unit provided with keys used for user operations, and 20 denotes a display unit constituted by, for example, a liquid crystal display. The operation input unit 19 is provided with a recording key, a reproduction key, a stop key, an AMS key, a search key and the like for user operations.
[0027]
Further, when performing recording / reproducing operation on the disk 1, management information recorded on the disk 1, that is, P-TOC (pre-mastered TOC), U-TOC (user TOC) is read, and the system controller is read out. 11 determines the address of the segment to be recorded on the disk 1 and the address of the segment to be reproduced according to the management information. This management information is held in the buffer RAM 13. Therefore, the buffer RAM 13 is divided into the recording data / reproduction data buffer area and the area for holding the management information.
[0028]
Then, the system controller 11 reads out the management information by executing the reproducing operation on the innermost circumference side of the disc on which the management information is recorded when the disc 1 is loaded, and stores it in the buffer RAM 13. Thereafter, it can be referred to when recording / reproducing the disc 1.
[0029]
The U-TOC is edited and rewritten according to data recording or erasing, but the system controller 11 changes this editing processing to U-TOC information stored in the buffer RAM 13 every time recording / erasing is performed. The U-TOC area of the disk 1 is also rewritten at a predetermined timing according to the rewriting operation.
[0030]
<2. Configuration of a disk device that only supports audio>
FIG. 2 shows a configuration of a disk device as a mini disk system. That is, it is a disc device that performs recording / reproducing operation corresponding to only audio data.
In this case, the circuit unit required by adding video data is removed from the disk apparatus of FIG. 1, that is, an encoder / decoder unit 21, a system decoder 22, a video RAM 23, a video signal generator 24, The D / A converter 25, the A / D converter 30, the converters 26 and 29, and the terminals 27 and 28 are not provided. The operation for recording / reproducing the audio data is substantially the same as that of the disk device of FIG.
[0031]
<3. Track structure on disc>
The track structure of the magneto-optical disk 1 in the mini disk system is as shown in FIG.
That is, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, a cluster CL (= 36 sectors−) consisting of a 4-sector (1 sector = 2352 bytes) sub-data area and a 32-sector (SC0 to SC31) main data area is continuous. One cluster is the minimum unit during recording and reproduction. One cluster corresponds to two to three rounds of tracks. The address is recorded for each sector.
The 4-sector sub-data area is used as a sub-data or linking area, and TOC data, audio data, video data, etc. are recorded in the 32-sector main data area.
[0032]
The area of audio data recorded in the sector is further subdivided into sound groups, and two sectors are divided into 11 sound groups. (The sector structure of the video data realized in this embodiment will be described later).
[0033]
That is, when a cluster whose sectors are shown in FIG. 3B is used for recording audio data, even-numbered sectors (SC0, SC2, SC4,...) In FIG. 3B are as shown in FIG. The odd-numbered sectors (SC1, SC3, SC5,...) In FIG. 3B are configured as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 3C and 3D, each sector is provided with a header in which a synchronization pattern (SYNC) and an address are recorded, followed by a subheader. The actual audio data is recorded following the subheader.
As sound data to be recorded, a sound frame SF of 212 bytes is set as a minimum data unit, and 11 sound frames are included in each sector. One sound frame is data obtained by compressing an audio signal of 11.6 msec for the L or R channel.
[0034]
Here, first, an even-numbered sector has an L channel sound frame SF._(L0), R channel sound frame SF_(R0), L channel sound frame SF_(L1)······ and L, R channels are recorded alternately, L channel sound frame SF_(L5)Until is recorded.
On the other hand, the odd-sector sector has an R channel sound frame SF._(R5), L channel sound frame SF_(L6), R channel sound frame SF_(R6)...... and are recorded alternately, R channel sound frame SF_(R10) Until is recorded.
[0035]
Then, one sound group (SG0 to SG10) is constituted by a pair of sound frames of L and R. Therefore, the first half of the sound groups SG0 to SG4 and the sound group SG5 are recorded in the even sector, and the second half of the sound group SG5 to the sound group 10 are recorded in the odd sector, that is, 11 sound groups in 2 sectors as described above. Will be recorded.
[0036]
<4. P-TOC sector>
Here, first, a P-TOC sector will be described as management information for managing recording / reproducing operations of audio data and video data in the disc 1.
As the P-TOC information, area designation such as a recordable area (recordable user area) of the disc, management of the U-TOC area, and the like are performed. When the disc 1 is a pre-mastered disc that is a reproduction-only optical disc, it is possible to manage music recorded in ROM by the P-TOC.
[0037]
The format of P-TOC is shown in FIG.
FIG. 4 shows one sector (sector 0) of P-TOC information repeatedly recorded in an area for P-TOC (for example, the ROM area on the innermost side of the disk). Note that the P-TOC is optional after sector 1 following sector 0.
[0038]
In the data area of the sector of P-TOC (2352 bytes of 4 bytes & 588), a synchronization pattern composed of 1 byte data of all 0s or all 1s is arranged at the head position, followed by an address indicating a cluster address and a sector address. Etc., a 4-byte header is provided.
[0039]
Further, an identification ID by an ASCII code corresponding to the characters “MINI” is added to a predetermined address position following the header.
Next, the disc type and recording level, the track number of the first track recorded (First TNO), the track number of the last track (Last TNO), the sector usage status (Used sectors), and the lead-out start address RO_A , Power cal area start address PC_A , U-TOC (data area of U-TOC sector 0 in FIG. 5 described later) start address UST_A , Start address RST of recordable area (recordable user area)_A Etc. are recorded.
[0040]
Subsequently, a correspondence table instruction data portion having table pointers (P-TNO1 to P-TNO255) for associating each recorded music and the like with a parts table in a management table portion described later is prepared.
[0041]
In the area following the correspondence table instruction data portion, 255 part tables from (01h) to (FFh) are provided corresponding to the table pointers (P-TNO1 to P-TNO255) in the correspondence table indication data portion. (The numerical value with “h” in this specification is a so-called hexadecimal notation). Each part table is capable of recording a start address for a certain segment, an end address for the end, and mode information (track mode) of the segment (track).
[0042]
The track mode information in each part table includes information indicating whether the segment is set to prohibit overwriting or data copying, whether it is audio information, the type of monaural / stereo, and the like. .
[0043]
Each part table from (01h) to (FFh) in the management table part is indicated by the contents of the segment by the table pointer (P-TNO1 to P-TNO255) in the corresponding table instruction data part. In other words, the first music piece has a part table (for example, (01h) as the table pointer P-TNO1. However, the table pointer is actually a byte position in the P-TOC sector 0 by a predetermined calculation process. In this case, the start address of the parts table (01h) is the start address of the recording position of the first song, and the end address is the same as the end address. This is the end address of the position where the first song is recorded. Further, the track mode information is information about the first music piece.
[0044]
Similarly, for the second music, the start address, end address, and track mode information of the recording position of the second music are recorded in the parts table (for example, (02h)) indicated by the table pointer P-TNO2.
Similarly, since the table pointers are prepared up to P-TNO255, it is possible to manage up to the 255th music piece on the P-TOC.
Then, by forming the P-TOC sector 0 in this way, it is possible to access and reproduce a predetermined musical piece at the time of reproduction, for example.
[0045]
In the case of a recordable / reproducible magneto-optical disk, since there is no so-called pre-mastered music area, the above-described correspondence table instruction data part and management table part are not used (these are managed by the U-TOC described later). Therefore, all the bytes are set to “00h”.
However, for a hybrid type disc having both a ROM area and a magneto-optical area as an area for recording music and the like, the correspondence table instruction data section and the management table section are used for managing the music in the ROM area. .
[0046]
<5. U-TOC Sector>
Next, U-TOC will be described.
FIG. 5 shows the format of the first sector of U-TOC (U-TOC sector 0), mainly about music recorded by the user and unrecorded area (free area) where new music can be recorded. A data area in which management information is recorded. Note that the U-TOC is optional after the sector 1 following the sector 0. However, in the present embodiment, in order to realize the operation of the disk apparatus shown in FIG. 1 capable of recording / reproducing not only audio but also video, a sector having the same format as the U-TOC sector 0 (for example, A U-TOC sector 6) is prepared.
The U-TOC sector 0 becomes management information for only the audio data, and the management information is used when the recording / reproducing operation by the disk device of FIG. 2 and the recording / reproducing operation of only the audio data in the disk device of FIG. The U-TOC sector 6 is used as management information when the disk device of FIG. 1 performs simultaneous recording / reproducing operations of audio data and video data.
[0047]
In the mini-disc system, when recording a certain piece of music on the disc 1, the system controller 11 finds a free area on the disc from the U-TOC and records audio data here. It has been made possible. Further, at the time of reproduction, the area where the music to be reproduced is recorded is determined from the U-TOC, and the area is accessed to perform the reproduction operation.
[0048]
In the U-TOC sector (sector 0) shown in FIG. 5, a synchronization pattern and a header are first provided in the same manner as in the P-TOC, followed by a manufacturer code, a model code, and a song number of the first song at a predetermined address position. Data such as (First TNO), last song number (Last TNO), sector usage status (used sectors), disk serial number, and disk ID are recorded.
[0049]
In the 1st to 8th bits of the 1-byte (8-bit) used sector, the MSB to LSB correspond to the U-TOC sector 7 to U-TOC sector 0. When not only audio data but also video data is recorded and the U-TOC sector 6 is used as described above, for example, the U-TOC sector 6 in the U-TOC sector 0 corresponds to the U-TOC sector 6 The bit to be performed (second bit) is set to “1”, whereby it is determined that the disk is a disk in which video data and audio data are mixed.
[0050]
Further, in the U-TOC sector 0, various types of correspondence table instruction data portions are identified in order to identify the recorded and recorded music areas by the user by associating them with the management table portion described later. Area for recording table pointers (P-DFA, P-EMPTY, P-FRA, P-TNO1 to P-TNO255).
[0051]
Then, 255 part tables (01h) to (FFh) are provided as management table parts to be associated with the table pointers (P-DFA to P-TNO255) of the correspondence table instruction data part. In the same manner as the P-TOC sector 0 in FIG. 4, a start address for a certain segment, an end address for the end, and mode information (track mode) of the segment are recorded. In the case of TOC sector 0, since the segment indicated in each part table may be connected to another segment in some cases, link information indicating the part table in which the start address and end address of the connected segment are recorded. Can be recorded.
[0052]
In this type of recording / playback apparatus, for example, data of one piece of music is recorded physically discontinuously, that is, over a plurality of segments (here, a segment refers to a track portion on which physically continuous data is recorded). Even if it has been recorded, there is no hindrance to the playback operation by playing while accessing between segments. Therefore, for the purpose of efficient use of the recordable area, etc., the music recorded by the user is recorded in multiple segments. There is also a case. In addition, when video data and audio data are mixed, they are multiplexed in a time-division manner, so that, for example, one piece of audio data is segmented.
[0053]
For this reason, link information is provided, for example, the numbers (01h) to (FFh) given to each part table (actually indicated by a numerical value that is a byte position in the U-TOC sector 0 by a predetermined arithmetic process) By specifying the parts table to be linked, the parts table can be linked. (Note that music or the like recorded in advance on a pre-mastered disc dedicated to audio data is not usually divided into segments, so all link information in P-TOC sector 0 is “(00h)” as shown in FIG. It is said that)
[0054]
That is, in the management table section in the U-TOC sector 0, one part table represents one segment. For example, for a music composed of three segments connected, three parts connected by link information. The segment position is managed by the table.
[0055]
Each part table from (01h) to (FFh) in the management table part of U-TOC sector 0 is the table pointer (P-DFA, P-EMPTY, P-FRA, P-TNO1-P in the corresponding table instruction data part) -TNO255) shows the contents of the segment as follows:
[0056]
The table pointer P-DFA indicates a defective area on the magneto-optical disk 1 and is the head of one part table or a plurality of part tables indicating a track portion (= segment) that becomes a defective area due to a scratch or the like. The parts table is specified. In other words, if a defective segment exists, one of (01h) to (FFh) is recorded in the table pointer P-DFA, and the defective segment is indicated by the start and end addresses in the corresponding parts table. . When there are other defective segments, other part tables are designated as link information in the parts table, and the defective segments are also indicated in the parts table. If there is no other defective segment, the link information is, for example, “(00h)”, and there is no link thereafter.
[0057]
The table pointer P-EMPTY indicates the first part table of one or more unused part tables in the management table section. If there is an unused part table, the table pointer P-EMPTY is (01h ) ~ (FFh) is recorded. When there are multiple unused part tables, the part tables are specified sequentially by link information from the part table specified by the table pointer P-EMPTY, and all unused part tables are linked on the management table section. Is done.
[0058]
The table pointer P-FRA indicates a free area (including an erase area) in which data can be written on the magneto-optical disk 1, and one or a plurality of parts indicating a track portion (= segment) as a free area. The first part table in the table is specified. In other words, if there is a free area, one of (01h) to (FFh) is recorded in the table pointer P-FRA, and the corresponding part table indicates the segment that is the free area by the start and end addresses. Has been. Further, when there are a plurality of such segments, that is, there are a plurality of parts tables, the link information sequentially designates the parts tables whose link information is “(00h)”.
[0059]
FIG. 6 schematically shows a management state of a segment that becomes a free area by a parts table. This is because when the segment (03h) (18h) (1Fh) (2Bh) (E3h) is set as a free area, this state continues to the corresponding table instruction data P-FRA and the parts table (03h) (18h) (1Fh) The state represented by the link (2Bh) (E3h) is shown. The above-described defect area and unused part table management form are also the same.
[0060]
By the way, if the magneto-optical disc has no recording of audio data such as music and has no defects, the parts table (01h) is specified by the table pointer P-FRA, which makes the entire recordable user area of the disc. Is an unrecorded area (free area). In this case, since the remaining (02h) to (FFh) parts tables are not used, the parts table (02h) is specified by the table pointer P-EMPTY described above, and the parts table (02h) The parts table (03h) is specified as the link information, the parts table (04h) is specified as the link information of the parts table (03h), and so on up to the parts table (FFh). In this case, the link information of the parts table (FFh) is “(00h)” indicating no connection thereafter.
At this time, in the parts table (01h), the start address of the recordable user area is recorded as the start address, and the address immediately before the lead-out start address is recorded as the end address.
[0061]
Table pointers P-TNO1 to P-TNO255 indicate the music recorded by the user on the magneto-optical disk 1. For example, in the table pointer P-TNO1, one or more segments in which data of the first music is recorded. The parts table that shows the first segment in time is specified.
[0062]
For example, if the first song is recorded on the disc without the track being divided (that is, in one segment), the recording area of the first song is the start in the parts table indicated by the table pointer P-TNO1. And the end address.
[0063]
Also, for example, when the second music piece is recorded discretely on a plurality of segments on the disc, each segment is designated according to the temporal order to indicate the recording position of the music piece. In other words, from the part table specified in the table pointer P-TNO2, other part tables are further specified in accordance with the time order in accordance with the link information, and the part table in which the link information becomes “(00h)” is linked. (The same form as FIG. 6 above). In this way, for example, all segments in which data constituting the second music is recorded are sequentially designated and recorded, so that the data of this U-TOC sector 0 is used to reproduce the second music or the second music. When overwriting the area, it is possible to access the optical head 3 and the magnetic head 6 to extract continuous music information from discrete segments, or to record using the recording area efficiently.
[0064]
As described above, the area management on the disc is performed by the P-TOC, and the audio data such as music recorded in the recordable user area and the free area in which the audio data can be recorded are performed by the U-TOC.
The TOC information is read into the buffer RAM 13 so that the system controller 11 can refer to it.
[0065]
By the way, in this embodiment, particularly in the case of a disc in which video data and audio data are mixed, in this U-TOC sector 0, a segment in which video data is recorded is managed as a recordable area or a reproduction area. That is not appropriate. Therefore, the segment in which the video data is recorded is an invalid area (for example, a defect area linked and managed from the table pointer P-DFA) in the U-TOC sector 0 or an area that does not exist (table pointer P-FRA or P -TNO1 to P-TNO255 are not connected areas). That is, depending on the U-TOC sector 0, the segment in which the video data is recorded cannot be recorded / reproduced.
Although a specific management method for recording / reproducing audio data and video data will be described later, this management is realized in the U-TOC sector 6. In this embodiment, it is assumed that the structure of the U-TOC sector 6 is the same as the structure of the U-TOC sector 0 shown in FIG.
[0066]
<6. Audio data sector structure on disk>
The sector format in which the audio data is recorded is set as shown in FIG.
In this sector (2352 bytes), the first 12 bytes are set as synchronization data, followed by 3 bytes set for a cluster address and a sector address, and the subsequent 1 byte as a mode and a header.
[0067]
The 4 bytes following the header are used as a subheader, and the bytes following the subheader, that is, 2332 bytes from the 21st byte to the 2352nd byte of the sector are used as a data area (Data0 to Data2331).
In this 2332-byte data area, 11 units of 212-byte sound frames (see FIG. 3) are recorded. Therefore, 5.5 units of sound groups are recorded in one sector, and the sector address is an even number (the LSB of the address is 0) and the next sector, that is, the odd sector having the odd sector address (the LSB of the address is 1), 11 units of sound groups are recorded.
[0068]
<7. Video data sector structure on disk>
The sector format of the video data that is multiplexed and recorded in time division with the audio data is set as shown in FIG.
Also in this sector (2352 bytes), the first 12 bytes are set as synchronization data, followed by 3 bytes set for a cluster address and a sector address, and the subsequent 1 byte as a mode and a header.
[0069]
The header is followed by 8 bytes as a subheader, and the bytes following the subheader, that is, 2324 bytes from the 25th byte to the 2348th byte of the sector are video data (1 pack of video data) area (PACK-Data0 to PACK -Data2323). In this data area of 2324 bytes, one frame of video signal compressed and encoded according to the MPEG system is recorded as one pack of video data.
The last 4 bytes of the sector are reserved.
[0070]
FIG. 9 is a simplified diagram so that the video data sector of FIG. 8 and the audio data sector of FIG. 7 can be compared.
[0071]
<8. Video data generation method>
Here, video data that is compression-coded according to the MPEG system will be described.
In this embodiment, the video signal before compression is of the NTSC system. In the case of this NTSC system, one second is composed of a video signal of 30 frames.
In the MPEG system, each video signal (one frame) is divided into blocks in the plane direction (divided into 22 blocks in the horizontal direction and 330 blocks in the vertical 15 block division), the data of each block is subjected to DCT conversion, and the number of bits is further changed. In order to reduce, requantization is performed (high frequency component is set to 0). Then, the block order is rearranged so that the blocks are zigzag from the block on the upper left of the screen of one frame, and run-length coding is performed to further compress the number of bits.
[0072]
Each frame of the video signal to be compressed in this way is very similar to the video information in the frames before and after that, and this is used to further compress the information. Are provided with three types of video data (one frame of video data). These are called an I picture (Intra Picture), a P picture (Predicated Picture), and a B picture (Bidirectionari Picture).
[0073]
In general, an I picture, a P picture, and a B picture are arranged as shown in FIG. 10A for each of 30 frames per second. For example, in this case, a frame with an interval of 1/2 second is I picture I.₁ , I₂ And 8 P-pictures P₁ ~ P₈ , And 20 B pictures B₁ ~ B₂₀Are arranged as shown.
[0074]
The I picture is normal image data encoded by DCT conversion as described above.
As shown in FIG. 10B, the P picture is generated by encoding from the nearest I picture or P picture using motion compensation. For example, P picture P₁ Is I picture I₁ And P picture P₂ Is P picture P₁ Is generated using
Therefore, the P picture is more compressed than the I picture. In addition, since it produces | generates from the previous I picture or P picture sequentially, if an error arises, an error will propagate.
[0075]
The B picture is generated using both past and future I pictures or P pictures as shown in FIG.
For example, B picture B₁ , B₂ Is I picture I₁ And P picture P₁ And B picture B₃ , B₄ Is P picture P₁ And P picture P₂ Is generated using
The B picture is the most compressed data. Moreover, since it is not a data generation reference, no error is propagated.
[0076]
In the MPEG algorithm, it is allowed to select the position and synchronization of the I picture, and this selection is determined from circumstances such as the degree of random access and scene cut. For example, if importance is attached to random access, at least two I pictures are required per second as shown in FIG.
Furthermore, the frequency of the P picture and B picture can be selected, and this is set according to the memory capacity of the encoding means.
[0077]
Also, the encoding means in the MPEG system rearranges and outputs the video data stream so as to improve the efficiency in the decoder.
For example, in the case of FIG. 10 (a), the frame order to be displayed (decoder output order) is the same as the frame number shown at the bottom of FIG. 10 (a). A P picture that becomes a reference at an earlier time is required. For this reason, the encoder side rearranges the frame order of FIG. 11A as shown in FIG. 11B, and transmits this as a video data stream.
[0078]
<9. Track structure in which audio data and video data are mixed>
In this embodiment, the video data compressed in accordance with the MPEG system can be recorded / reproduced simultaneously with the audio data. For example, the audio data for a certain music and the music data are matched with the music. Considering video data as a new video, the data structure of one song (track N) is as shown in FIG.
Note that FM is a front margin and RM is a rear margin. These are empty data areas of 15 sectors or more.
[0079]
Video data as a video data stream and audio data as an audio data stream are time-division multiplexed by n: 1 interleaving and recorded on a disc as shown in FIG.
Where V_MPEGIs the data unit as video data, A_MDIndicates data units as audio data. These data units are, for example, at least 4 clusters long, and are interleaved with this as a minimum unit.
[0080]
FIG. 13 shows details of the head portion of the track N in FIG. 12, but the front margin FM is composed of empty sectors E of 15 sectors or more.
Each video data unit V_MPEGFor each of the four clusters (144 sectors), the video data unit V that is the head of the music_MPEGThe first sector in is a video data sector V to which a system header is added._shThereafter, the normal video data sector V is continued. Video data sector V_shAnd V have the format described in FIG.
Each audio data unit A_MDFor example, if each of the four clusters (144 sectors) is used, each audio data unit A_MDIn this case, 144 audio data sectors shown in FIG. 7 are arranged.
[0081]
<10. Video data format>
Here, video data sector V_shA usage pattern of 2324 bytes of pack data (PACK-Data0 to PACK-Data2323 in FIG. 8) in V and V is described below.
FIG. 14 (a) shows again the configuration of the video data sector shown in FIG. 9, and FIGS. 14 (b) to 14 (e) show the structure of one video data as one pack. .
FIG. 14B shows the video data sector V which is the first sector of the music._shPack data for is shown.
[0082]
A pack header of 12 bytes (PACK-Data0 to PACK-Data11) is provided at the head as pack data in the sector.
The pack header is provided with a 4-byte pack start code, followed by a 5-byte system clock reference (SCR), and finally a 3-byte MUX rate.
[0083]
The system clock reference (SCR) is a code indicating a kind of absolute time, and a PTS (Presentation Time Stamp: image output start time) is determined based on this SCR.
This SCR is SCR (i) = C + i * 1200. i is the index number of the sector in the video data stream, and this is set to “0” in the front front margin FM portion. C is a constant and is always “0”. 1200 is the value when the system clock is 90 KHz in the 75 Hz sector (90000/75 = 1200).
This pack header contains all sectors (V_sh, V).
[0084]
Video data sector V_shIn the system, a 15-byte (PACK-Data12 to PACK-Data26) system header is provided following the pack header. The 2297 bytes (PACK-Data27 to PACK-Data2323) following the system header are a padding packet that is normally filled with FFh.
The 15-byte system header is configured as shown in FIG.
First, a 4-byte system header start code is arranged, followed by a 2-byte rate bound. Thereafter, an audio bound, a fixed flag, a CSPS flag, a system audio lock flag, a system video lock flag, a video bound, a stream ID, an STD buffer bound scale, and an STD buffer size bound are provided for each byte.
[0085]
Such video data sector V_shThe video data sector V that follows is configured as shown in FIGS. 14C, 14D, and 14E.
At least video data sector V_shThe next video data sector V is configured as shown in FIG. 14C, that is, a packet header of 18 bytes (PACK-Data12 to PACK-Data29) is provided following the pack header.
2294 bytes (PACK-Data30 to PACK-Data2323) following the packet header are used as video packets, and actual video data is recorded.
[0086]
The packet header is configured as shown in FIG. 16A, and the first 3 bytes are used as a packet start code. A 1-byte ID, a 2-byte packet length, a 1-byte STD buffer scale, a 1-byte STD buffer size, a 5-byte PTS, and a 5-byte DTS (decoding time stamp) are recorded. The PTS that is the image output start time is set so as to be synchronized with the audio data. DTS indicates a decoding start time.
[0087]
In the first image data sector V, as shown in FIG. 14C, the video packet is thus made up to 2294 bytes in the maximum, but in the subsequent sectors, the STD buffer scale, STD buffer size, PTS and DTS in the packet header are The packet header can be 6 bytes as shown in FIG. In this case, the configuration of one pack is as shown in FIG. 14D, and the video packet is expanded to 2306 bytes.
For the last video data sector V in one song (track N), as shown in FIG. 14E, a 4-byte end code is recorded at the end of the sector.
[0088]
<11. Recording / playback management system>
In the present embodiment, the video data configured as described above is recorded / reproduced on the disk 1 together with the audio data in the original mini-disc system. Hereinafter, a management method for this recording / reproduction operation will be described. explain.
[0089]
Now, it is assumed that audio data of a certain musical piece (for example, track 1) and video data corresponding thereto are recorded on the disc 1 as shown in FIG. That is, audio data for a certain piece of music is A_MD1 ~ A_{MD (n)} Video data V._MPEGAnd are interleaved and recorded. For example, A_MD1 ~ A_{MD (n)} Each segment has a volume of audio data corresponding to, for example, about 8 seconds, and 4 to 6 units of video data (V_MPEG) Is about 8 seconds of video data.
Where Ad₁ ~ Ad_(N) Indicates an address on the disk 1.
[0090]
As described above, in the U-TOC sector 0, only the audio data segment is managed in such data.
However, since the video data is mixed and the simultaneous recording / reproduction of the video data and the audio data is managed by, for example, the U-TOC sector 6, the sector use status (Used in the U-TOC sector 0 is used. The second bit serving as information of the U-TOC sector 6 in “sectors” is set to “1”.
[0091]
In the U-TOC sector 0, in order to manage the first music piece, a link structure as shown in FIG. 18, for example, is formed following the table pointer P-TNO1.
For example, if the table pointer P-TNO1 indicates the parts table “02h”, the parts table (02h) is the audio data segment A._MD1 Is used for management, ie the start address is Ad₃ End address is Ad₄ And, for example, a parts table (03h) is recorded as link information.
Linked parts table (03h) is voice data segment A_MD2 Will be used for management, ie the start address is Ad₇ End address is Ad₈ For example, a parts table (04h) is recorded as link information.
[0092]
Furthermore, the linked parts table (04h) is the audio data segment A._MD3 Will be used for management of the start address is Ad₁₁End address is Ad₁₂Is recorded, and the audio data segment (A_MD4) Is recorded.
[0093]
The above link form is voice data segment A._{MD (n)} Up to a part table (for example, a part table (0Eh)), and the start address is Ad in the part table (0Eh)_(N-1) End address is Ad_(N) The link information is set to “00h” indicating no link thereafter.
[0094]
Further, in this U-TOC sector 0, the portion where the video data is recorded must not be a music nor a newly recordable free area. As shown in FIG. 19, it is managed by the link structure from the table pointer P-DFA.
[0095]
For example, if the table pointer P-DFA indicates the parts table “10h”, the parts table (10h)_MPEG1 ~ V_MPEG6
) Is shown as a defect area, that is, the start address is Ad₁ End address is Ad₂ For example, a parts table (11h) is recorded as link information.
[0096]
The linked parts table (11h) is a video data segment (V_MPEG7 ~ V_MPEG10) As a defect area, that is, the start address is Ad₅ End address is Ad₆ For example, a parts table (15h) is recorded as link information.
[0097]
Furthermore, the linked parts table (15h) is a video data segment (V_MPEG11~ V_MPEG14) Is used as a defect area management, and the start address is Ad₉ End address is Ad₁₀And the video data segment (V_MPEG15~) Are linked as part area link information.
[0098]
The above link form is the video data segment (V_{MPEG (m-3)} ~ V_{MPEG (m)} ) For the part table (for example, part table (1Fh)), and the start address is Ad in the part table (1Fh)._(N-3) End address is Ad_(N-2) Is recorded. Here, the link information is recorded as link information to a parts table for managing the next video data segment so that the video data segment for other music is also regarded as a defect area. Of course, if only one song is recorded and there is no actual defect area, the link information of the parts table (1Fh) is “00h” indicating no link.
[0099]
In the U-TOC sector 0, the audio data segment is managed as a music piece in this way, while the video data segment is regarded as a scratch area and is managed as an unrecordable / reproducible area.
[0100]
On the other hand, in the U-TOC sector 6 configured similarly to the U-TOC sector 0, segment management is performed so that video and audio output are performed simultaneously. In this case, the segment is divided into the video data portion V_MPEGAnd voice data part A_MDFor example, V_MPEG1 ~ A_{MD (n)} Are considered as one segment. (Note that if this track is divided in the middle and recorded at physically separated positions, it will be managed by two or more parts tables as two or more segments)
[0101]
Then, for the management of the first piece of data in the U-TOC sector 6, this segment is shown, for example, as shown in FIG. 20 following the table pointer P-TNO1.
For example, if the table pointer P-TNO1 indicates the parts table “02h”, the start address of the parts table (02h) is Ad.₁ End address is Ad_(N) If this track (first song) is recorded physically continuously on the disc 1, the link information is recorded as “00h”.
In the U-TOC sector 6, an area where no data (video data or audio data) is actually recorded is managed as a free area from the table pointer P-FRA.
[0102]
As described above, the recorded audio and video data are managed in the U-TOC sector 0 and the U-TOC sector 6, so that such a disk 1 includes the disk device of FIG. 1 and the disk device of FIG. 2. Compatibility is obtained.
That is, in the disk apparatus of FIG. 2 which is a recording / playback device for only audio data, playback operation using only U-TOC sector 0 can be performed to perform playback output only for audio, and video data can be recorded. This area is not managed as a free area (management by the table pointer P-FRA) and is regarded as a recording / playback impossible area as a defect area. There is nothing.
[0103]
Further, in the disk apparatus of FIG. 1 corresponding to both audio and video, the U-TOC sector 6 is used when the sector used in the U-TOC sector 0 is confirmed for the loaded disk. If the information (second bit = 1) is recorded, it can be determined that the disc 1 is also recorded with video data. In this case, the U-TOC sector 6 is referred to and the video data (V_MPEG) And audio data (A_MD) Can be reproduced and scanned as it is.
[0104]
At this time, whether the data read from the disk is video data or audio data is determined by the system decoder 22 as described above, and the encoder / decoder unit 14 and the encoder / decoder unit are controlled by the system decoder 22. By performing the synchronization control of the decoding output in 21, the video and audio can be reproduced and output simultaneously. Therefore, the mini-disc system can be used as a video device similar to a karaoke with video, a laser disc device or a VTR device.
Further, when recording video data and audio data, a free area is searched from the table pointer P-FRA in the U-TOC sector 6 and a track (music etc.) having a form as shown in FIG. 17 is recorded. Become.
[0105]
Further, in the disk apparatus of FIG. 1, when the second bit in the used sector in U-TOC sector 0 is “0”, U-TOC sector 6 is not used, that is, video. Since the data does not exist, audio data can be recorded / reproduced using the U-TOC sector 0 as it is.
Further, even in a disc on which video data exists, for example, only audio data using the U-TOC sector 0 may be recorded / reproduced according to a user mode selection operation or the like.
[0106]
In this embodiment, in the U-TOC sector 0, the video data segment is regarded as a defect area and managed, but it may be a segment that does not appear on the management table at all.
That is, the segment is not indicated by any of the part tables linked from the table pointers P-FRA, P-DFA, and P-TNO1 to P-TNO255, and the U-TOC sector 0 is an area that does not exist on the disk. It is to be considered.
[0107]
Note that the management of simultaneous recording / reproduction of video and audio is not limited to the U-TOC sector 6 but may be other sectors in the U-TOC.
In addition, when such a disc in which video data and audio data are mixed is created exclusively for reproduction as pre-mastered, only the audio data like the U-TOC sector 0 described above is managed in the P-TOC sector 0. The other sectors in the P-TOC may be managed as in the U-TOC sector 6 described above.
[0108]
Further, the present invention can be applied to a hybrid type having an area in which data is stored in ROM and a magneto-optical area in which data can be recorded / reproduced. For example, P-TOC sector 0 and P-TOC sector 6 can read ROM data. In addition, the U-TOC sector 0 and the U-TOC sector 6 may manage audio data, audio and video data in the same manner as described above for magneto-optical data.
[0109]
In the embodiment, the disk device is a recording / reproducing device, but it can also be realized as a reproducing-only device or a recording-only device.
[0110]
In the present invention, a system in which video data to be recorded / reproduced at the same time is added to audio data has been described. However, by applying the present invention, for example, center, rear, A system for recording and reproducing by adding two channels of audio data is realized, or when adding video data, a still image is recorded and reproduced, for example, simultaneous audio reproduction is performed. It can also be a system like a still camera.
[0111]
<12. Management method to obtain the reproduction prohibited part only in the normal U-TOC sector>
As can be seen from the above-described method, an area (segment) managed from the table pointer P-DFA in the U-TOC sector is an area that cannot be recorded / reproduced by a normal operation using the U-TOC sector. Become.
By utilizing this, it is possible to manage audio and video data that is to be kept secret, and only specific users can reproduce the data. That is, it is possible to generate data indicating that the data portion cannot be recorded / reproduced unless a password is entered (such data is referred to as reproduction prohibition designation data for explanation).
[0112]
As described above, two methods will be described for the management / reproduction method by generating the reproduction prohibition designation data using the table pointer P-DFA and inputting the personal identification number.
One is a management method / reproduction method in which a reproduction prohibited portion is obtained only by a normal U-TOC sector. Here, the normal U-TOC sector refers to a sector such as sector 0 or sector 6 in the U-TOC described above.
The other method is a management method / reproduction method in the case of using a password request U-TOC sector. The password request U-TOC sector is a sector prepared in addition to sector 0 or sector 6 in the U-TOC described above. Say.
[0113]
Note that the two types of systems described below are not limited to the audio / video mixed disk using the U-TOC sectors 0 and 6 described above, but also a disk on which only audio data is recorded, and an audio / video mixed disk. However, it is also possible to realize a disk that is not compatible as described above.
[0114]
First, a management method for obtaining a reproduction prohibited portion only in a normal U-TOC sector will be described.
Assume that five tracks 1 to 5 are recorded on the disc 1 as shown in FIG. If this disc 1 is a mixed audio / video disc, tracks 1 to 5 are recorded with data as described with reference to FIGS. 12 and 13, respectively. Thus, only audio data can be reproduced in the U-TOC sector 0 recorded in the lead-in area, and audio and video data can be reproduced simultaneously in the U-TOC sector 6 also recorded in the lead-in area. It is managed as possible (mixed compatibility disks).
[0115]
In the case of a disk with only audio data, all the sectors in the main data area are recorded in the format described with reference to FIGS. 3C, 3D, and 7, and the management is U-TOC sector 0. The U-TOC sector 6 is not used (audio disc).
[0116]
Further, although not mentioned in the description of the above-described embodiment, a disk which is a mixed audio / video disk and is not compatible with the audio compatible disk device of FIG. 2 is also conceivable. That is, tracks 1 to 5 are recorded with data as described with reference to FIGS. 12 and 13, respectively, but these data are reproduced in the U-TOC sector 0 simultaneously with audio and video data. Only audio data is not managed for playback (mixed incompatible disc).
[0117]
These three types of disks (that is, mixed compatibility disk, audio disk, mixed incompatible disk) are taken into consideration and will be described together.
The recording state of FIG. 21 is managed as shown in FIG. The U-TOC sector in FIG. 22 indicates the U-TOC sector 6 if it is a mixed compatible disk, and U-TOC sector 0 if it is an audio disk or mixed incompatible disk.
[0118]
As shown in FIG. 22, the part table (01h) is designated for the track 1 from the table pointer P-TNO1, and the start address A₂₀And end address A₂₁Is shown. Similarly, for the tracks 2 to 5, the start and end addresses are indicated by the part tables (02h) to (05h) indicated by the table pointers P-TNO2 to P-TNO5, respectively.
[0119]
Here, if the user wants to set the reproduction prohibition data for the track 3 in order to keep confidentiality, etc., the reproduction prohibition registration of the track 3 is performed by operating the disk device being used, and the personal identification number is set. input. The input personal identification number is stored in an internal or external RAM of the system controller 11 in the disk device of FIG. Note that this RAM must have a backup configuration so that data is not lost even when the power is turned off, or it must be configured with a nonvolatile RAM or the like.
[0120]
Thus, for example, when the reproduction prohibition registration operation is performed for the track 3, the system controller 11 rewrites the TOC data read in the RAM 13 and writes it in the disk 1.
[0121]
That is, the U-TOC sector 6 or sector 0 is rewritten as shown in FIG. First, the segment to be track 3 (address A₂₄~ A₂₅) Is incorporated as a parts table (03h) designated from the table pointer P-DFA as the defect area. The tracks 1, 2, 4 and 5 are managed as the first track to the fourth track by the parts table (01h) (02h) (04h) (05h) indicated by the table pointers P-TNO1 to P-TNO4, respectively. As a result, only four tracks are normally managed.
[0122]
For example, when the reproduction prohibition registration operation is performed for both the track 3 and the track 5, the system controller 11 rewrites the U-TOC sector 6 or the sector 0 as shown in FIG. That is, the segment to be track 3 (address A₂₄~ A₂₅) And the segment to be track 5 (address A)₂₈~ A₂₉) Is incorporated as a part table (03h) (05h) specified from the table pointer P-DFA as the defect area, and tracks 1, 2, and 4 are indicated by table pointers P-TNO1 to P-TNO3, respectively. Are managed as the first track to the third track by the parts table (01h) (02h) (04h).
[0123]
For example, when the reproduction prohibition registration operation is performed for all of the tracks 1 to 5, the system controller 11 rewrites the U-TOC sector 6 or the sector 0 as shown in FIG. That is, each segment to be tracks 1 to 5 is grouped into one segment (address A₂₀~ A₂₉It is incorporated as a part table (01h) designated from the table pointer P-DFA as the defect area, and the part table is not designated by the table pointer P-TNO *.
[0124]
In FIG. 25, the segments are grouped into one segment, but each segment may be linked and managed as a defect area while being divided into parts tables (01h) to (05h). .
[0125]
For example, by managing as shown in FIGS. 23 to 25, the area for which reproduction prohibition is registered is set as a defect area during normal reproduction and reproduction is not performed.
[0126]
23 to 25 are specific examples, and other states may occur in the same reproduction prohibition registration state. For example, the actual state varies depending on the parts table used and the link form of each track.
[0127]
In addition, if playback of a part of a certain track is registered for prohibition of playback, the part of the track has already been divided into playback prohibition registration. However, if it is desired to register playback prohibition for a part of a track, track division editing processing is performed to make that part one track, and playback prohibition for that part is performed. A registration operation may be performed. Also, if there are multiple data parts that you want to register for prohibition of playback, edit each data part as a single track, and then concatenate and edit the tracks to combine them into one track (or depending on the designation of multiple tracks) The system controller 11 automatically performs link editing) and incorporates it into the defect area. That is, the configuration shown in FIGS. 24 and 25 may be used.
[0128]
In the case of a read-only disc, a predetermined area in the P-TOC sector 6 or 0 may be similarly managed as a defect area (by the disc manufacturer).
[0129]
<13. Reproduction method in the case where a reproduction prohibited portion is obtained only in a normal U-TOC sector> In contrast to a disc that may have been managed in this manner, the disc apparatus of FIG. 1 or FIG. Such processing is performed.
[0130]
When a reproduction operation is performed (F101), first, it is determined whether or not there is a defect area, that is, an area for which reproduction is prohibited (F102). For this determination, the disk apparatus of FIG. 1 first determines whether or not the U-TOC sector 6 is used based on the sector usage status of the U-TOC sector 0. For example, it is determined whether or not the table pointer P-DFA of the U-TOC sector 6 is “00h” or a certain parts table is designated.
[0131]
If the U-TOC sector 6 is not used, that is, if it is an audio disk or a mixed incompatible disk, the table pointer P-DFA of the U-TOC sector 0 is “00h” or a certain part table is present. Determine whether it is specified. In the case of the disk apparatus of FIG. 2, the determination is made by the table pointer P-DFA of the U-TOC sector 0.
[0132]
If the table pointer P-DFA is “00h”, there is no reproduction prohibition designation data, so the process proceeds to step F106 to start a normal reproduction operation.
When the table pointer P-DFA is not “00h”, reproduction prohibition designation data exists. Therefore, first, in step F103, the input of a password is requested. For example, a display prompting the input of a password is performed on the display unit 20.
[0133]
Here, when the user cannot input the correct password, that is, the password registered in the disk device, for example, when the reproduction execution operation is performed again without inputting, or a predetermined time has passed without being input, etc. In this case, the process proceeds from step F105 to F107, and normal reproduction is performed (the reproduction operation control is the same as step F106). That is, only the data managed from the table pointer P-TNO * is reproduced, and the part regarded as the defect area for management is not reproduced at all. Accordingly, only data that is not registered for reproduction prohibition is reproduced.
[0134]
On the other hand, if the user has entered the correct password, the process proceeds from step F104 to F108, and reproduction prohibited data is also reproduced.
For example, following the reproduction of data managed from the table pointer P-TNO *, the data managed from the table pointer P-DFA is also reproduced.
Alternatively, in this case, only data managed from the table pointer P-DFA may be reproduced.
[0135]
That is, in the operation of step F108, the data managed from the table pointer P-DFA in the U-TOC sector 6 in the case of a mixed compatible disk, or the U-TOC sector in the case of an audio disk or a mixed incompatible disk. At 0, data managed from the table pointer P-DFA is reproduced.
[0136]
By performing such processing, the user can conceal desired data with a personal identification number.
[0137]
In the case of a mixed compatibility disc in which the video data portion is managed as a defect area in the U-TOC sector 0, and when only audio playback is performed on the audio compatible disc in FIG. 2, the U-TOC sector 0 Therefore, it is conceivable that only the audio data in the data portion designated for reproduction prohibition in the U-TOC sector 6 is reproduced.
[0138]
In order to prevent this, when reproduction prohibition is designated, the audio data segment in the reproduction prohibition designation data portion is edited in the defect area together with the video data in the U-TOC sector 0. It is possible. Alternatively, the audio data segment for which reproduction prohibition is specified is an area that is not included in any link from any table pointer and is not managed at all in the U-TOC sector 0, that is, when reproduction prohibition is specified. The audio data may not be reproduced at all by the audio-compatible disk device of FIG. 2, and may be reproduced simultaneously with the video only when the code number is input in the video / audio-compatible disk device of FIG.
[0139]
By the way, in the method only described above, the reproduction prohibition designation data is not reproduced only for a certain disk device in which the personal identification number is registered without the personal identification number. For example, another person registers the personal identification number with another disk device. If it is stored, the data can be reproduced with the password.
Therefore, this method is suitable as a method for executing reproduction prohibition designation for relatively confidential and light data. For example, a disc on which video / audio for adults is recorded is not seen by children at home. It is suitable as a means for doing so.
[0140]
In order to maintain a relatively high level of secrecy, it is conceivable to hold data for identifying the disc together with a password in the disc device. For example, with respect to a disc in which a part or all of the data is reproduction prohibition designation data, a disc-specific data is generated using a part of the TOC data so as to be called a custom file, and this is registered in a nonvolatile RAM or the like. deep. Further, as shown in the U-TOC sector of FIG. 5, there is a data area as a disk ID in the U-TOC. By using this, a 2-byte random number or continuous numerical value is used for each disk. Since an ID can be attached to this, it may be registered in a nonvolatile RAM or the like.
[0141]
As described above, the disc device holds identification information about the disc having the reproduction prohibition designation data, so that the reproduction prohibition designation data is reproduced only when the personal identification number is input in the disc device. .
[0142]
That is, if reproduction prohibition designation data exists for a disc loaded for reproduction, the correct password is input as the processing of step F104 in FIG. 26, and the loaded disc is disc ID. Alternatively, the process proceeds to step F108 only when it is determined that the disk is registered as a custom file.
[0143]
When a higher level of secrecy is required, a method of writing the entered password on the disc can be considered. That is, the password can be written using unused bytes in the U-TOC sector 0 or sector 6.
The disk device does not particularly hold the code number (in this case, it is not necessary for the disk device to hold the code number), and the U-TOC sector 0 or sector 6 is stored in the disk playback. When the code number is written, the user is prompted to input the code number, and the entered code number and the code number on the U-TOC are determined to match. If they match, the data managed from the table pointer P-DFA can be reproduced.
[0144]
By doing so, the reproduction prohibition designation data cannot be reproduced unless the discriminating code number is known regardless of which disk device is used.
In this method, when a personal identification number is written on the U-TOC, it is preferable to prevent others from rewriting the personal identification number. For example, when rewriting a personal identification number, a process of requesting the input of a conventional personal identification number and rewriting the newly entered personal identification number only when they coincide with each other may be performed.
[0145]
<14. Management method in case of using password request U-TOC sector>
By the way, in the method described above, the reproduction prohibition designation data is managed as one track linked from the table pointer P-DFA. Therefore, even if the code number is correctly input, reproduction is performed in the original track order. There are cases where it is not possible.
[0146]
For example, when reproduction prohibition is specified for track 3 in FIG. 21, the position as the third track is lost at the specified time, and when reproduction prohibition is specified for a plurality of tracks such as track 3 and track 5 Since they are linked and combined into one track, they cannot be played back in the order prior to designation.
[0147]
Therefore, the above method is not a big problem when each track is divided into one piece of music, etc., but if the data recorded on the disc is one movie as a whole, playback prohibition is specified for a part. In this case, even if the password is entered, the original reproduction cannot be performed. For example, only the data portion of track 3 is reproduced last, and the temporal order (story order) becomes strange.
[0148]
Therefore, a password request U-TOC sector is used as a method for individually specifying prohibition of reproduction of a plurality of data portions, and enabling reproduction in an original state (state before reproduction prohibition designation) at the time of password input reproduction. The management method / reproduction method will be described.
[0149]
In this case, different U-TOCs are used depending on whether or not a password is input at the time of reproduction. Normal U-TOCs such as U-TOC sector 0 and sector 6 described above are used. In addition to the TOC sector, a password request U-TOC sector is used. For example, the case where the U-TOC sector 5 is the password request U-TOC sector will be described as an example.
[0150]
For example, when an operation for setting a certain track as reproduction prohibition designation data from the data state as shown in FIG. 21 is performed, rewriting in the U-TOC sector 6 or sector 0 is performed in the same manner as in the above-described examples of FIGS. Then, one or a plurality of segments serving as the reproduction prohibition designation data are collectively managed by a link from the table pointer P-DFA. However, before editing the U-TOC sector 6 or sector 0, the table pointer and part table (that is, the data of FIG. 22) in the U-TOC sector 6 or sector 0 before the reproduction prohibition designation is shown in FIG. Thus, the U-TOC sector 5 is written, and this U-TOC sector 5 is set as a password request U-TOC sector.
[0151]
Note that, when data is written to the U-TOC sector 5 in this way when the reproduction prohibition designation operation is performed, the bit (third bit) corresponding to the sector 5 is set as “sector usage status information in the U-TOC sector 0”. 1 ”.
[0152]
As described above, in the U-TOC sector 6 or 0, the reproduction prohibition designation data portions are collectively regarded as a defect area as in the examples of FIGS. When reproduction is performed using this, the reproduction prohibition designation data is not reproduced.
[0153]
On the other hand, in the U-TOC sector 5, as shown in FIG. 27, the reproduction prohibition designation data and the normal data are managed in a state before the reproduction prohibition designation. Therefore, if reproduction is performed using this U-TOC sector 5, Reproduction can be performed in the original reproduction order, and each reproduction prohibition designation data portion is managed as one track and is not linked. Therefore, even when a plurality of tracks are designated as reproduction inhibition designation data, It is managed without being put together.
[0154]
Also, when canceling all reproduction prohibition designation data, the U-TOC sector 5 information is written in the U-TOC sector 6 or 0, and the U-TOC sector 5 is not used. It is sufficient to rewrite the bit (third bit) corresponding to the sector 5 as “0” as information on the sector usage status in the TOC sector 0, and thereby the disk can be returned to the state before the reproduction prohibition designation.
[0155]
<15. Reproduction method when using password request U-TOC sector>
With respect to a disc that may have been managed in this manner, the disc apparatus shown in FIG. 1 or 2 performs the processing shown in FIG. 28 during reproduction.
[0156]
When a reproduction operation is performed (F201), it is first determined whether or not there is an area designated for reproduction inhibition on the disc (F202). For this determination, it is determined whether or not the U-TOC sector 5 is used from the sector usage status of the U-TOC sector 0 in any of the disk devices of FIGS. Regardless of the mixed compatibility disk, the audio disk, and the mixed incompatibility disk, if the U-TOC sector 5 is used on the disk, an area for which reproduction is prohibited is present.
[0157]
Here, if the U-TOC sector 5 is not used, there is no reproduction prohibition designation data, so the process proceeds to step F206 to start a normal reproduction operation.
If reproduction prohibition designation data exists, input of a personal identification number is requested in step F203. For example, a display prompting the input of a password is performed on the display unit 20.
[0158]
Here, when the user cannot input the correct password, that is, the password registered in the disk device, for example, when the reproduction execution operation is performed again without inputting, or a predetermined time has passed without being input, etc. In this case, the process proceeds from step F205 to F207, and normal reproduction is performed (reproduction operation control is the same as step F206). That is, the U-TOC sector 6 is used when the mixed compatibility disk is reproduced by the disk apparatus of FIG. 1, and the U-TOC sector 0 is used when the mixed compatibility disk is reproduced by the disk apparatus of FIG. Played. In the case of an audio disk or a mixed incompatible disk, U-TOC sector 0 is used.
[0159]
In this case, only the data managed from the table pointer P-TNO * is reproduced, and the defect area is not reproduced at all. Accordingly, only data that is not registered for reproduction prohibition is reproduced.
[0160]
On the other hand, if the user has entered the correct password, the process proceeds from step F204 to F208, and the reproduction operation is performed using the U-TOC sector 5 which is the password requesting sector. As described above, since the U-TOC sector 5 includes the reproduction prohibition designation data and manages each track as usual, it can be reproduced in the original order including the reproduction prohibition designation data.
[0161]
By performing such processing, the user can keep the desired data secret by the personal identification number, and can also perform original reproduction by inputting the personal identification number.
[0162]
When a part of a disc is specified for prohibiting playback, if no password is entered, only that portion is skipped and played back. Since the data is reproduced at the original time position, it is also suitable for a case where reproduction of a part of data such as a movie is prohibited.
[0163]
In the case of this method as well, in the case of a mixed compatibility disc in which the video data portion is managed as a defect area in the U-TOC sector 0, when only audio is reproduced on the audio compatible disc of FIG. Since the U-TOC sector 0 is used, it is considered that only the audio data in the data part designated for reproduction prohibition in the U-TOC sector 6 may be reproduced. In the U-TOC sector 0, the audio data segment of the reproduction prohibition designation data part is edited into the defect area together with the video data, or the table pointer from which table pointer on the U-TOC sector 0 is linked. It may be considered as an unmanaged area that is not included in
[0164]
Further, in order to further enhance the confidentiality, the disc device holds identification information about a disc having reproduction prohibition designation data using a custom file, a disc ID, or the like, as described as a modification of the above-described method example. The reproduction prohibition designation data may be reproduced only when the code number is input on the disk device.
[0165]
If a higher level of secrecy is required, the password is also written in the U-TOC of the disc in the same manner as described as a modification of the above-described method example, and read from the U-TOC at the time of playback. Compare the password with the password entered by the user.
Only when they match, the reproduction operation can be performed using the U-TOC sector 5 (password request sector).
[0166]
Furthermore, in the case of a read-only disc, a predetermined area is similarly managed as a defect area in the P-TOC sector 6 or 0 at the time of disc manufacture, and the P-TOC sector 5 is used as a password request sector. Just keep it.
Note that the password request sector does not need to be generated using the sector 5 in the U-TOC or P-TOC, and for example, the sector 7 may be used.
[0167]
The video / audio data structure and the disk device that are compatible between the video / audio compatible disk device and the audio compatible disk device have been described above, and subsequently, such mixed compatible disk and audio disk, Although a method for realizing reproduction prohibition designation data that can be adopted in other types of discs such as compatible disks has been described, a method for realizing reproduction prohibition designation data is specifically a modification of the above embodiment. It goes without saying that various things can be considered.
Further, although the embodiment has been described in detail from the viewpoint of prohibiting reproduction, a recording prohibition method, that is, a method capable of rewriting data only at the time of password input can be realized by a similar method.
[0168]
【The invention's effect】
  As described above, the present inventionIsBy specifying playback prohibition for the desired data, it will be suitable for user management of discs on which audio / video data that requires confidentiality, audio / video data for adults, etc. are recorded, An effect that the reproduction prohibition designation data can be reproduced in the state before the reproduction prohibition designation by managing the reproduction prohibition designation data and the normal data using the password request management data means capable of recording / reproduction. There is.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a disk device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a disk device that supports only audio.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a track structure of a disk according to an embodiment.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of P-TOC information in the embodiment.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of U-TOC information in the embodiment.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a link structure of U-TOC information in the embodiment.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of an audio data sector in the embodiment.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a video data sector in the embodiment.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of an audio data sector and a video data sector in the embodiment.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of MPEG video data.
FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of an MPEG video data stream.
FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of a track in which audio data and video data are mixed in the embodiment.
FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of a track structure in which audio data and video data are mixed in an embodiment.
FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of video data in the embodiment.
FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a system header of video data in the embodiment.
FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of a packet header of video data in the embodiment.
FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of a track configuration example according to the embodiment.
FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram of an audio data management method in the U-TOC sector 0 of the embodiment.
FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram of a video data management method in the U-TOC sector 0 of the embodiment.
FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram of a management system for a track in which video data and audio data are mixed in the U-TOC sector 6 according to the embodiment.
FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram of a track form for explaining a management example of reproduction prohibition designation data according to the embodiment.
FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram of a U-TOC sector 0 or a sector 6 in a normal state according to the embodiment.
FIG. 23 is an explanatory diagram of the U-TOC sector 0 or the sector 6 in the reproduction prohibition designation state according to the embodiment.
FIG. 24 is an explanatory diagram of a U-TOC sector 0 or a sector 6 in a reproduction prohibition designation state according to the embodiment.
FIG. 25 is an explanatory diagram of the U-TOC sector 0 or the sector 6 in the reproduction prohibition designation state according to the embodiment.
FIG. 26 is a flowchart of processing during reproduction of the disk device of the embodiment.
FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram of a password request U-TOC sector according to the embodiment.
FIG. 28 is a flowchart of processing during reproduction of the disk device of the embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 disc, 3 optical heads, 8 encoder / decoder,
11 system controller, 12 memory controller,
13 buffer RAM, 14 voice encoder / decoder,
15, 25 D / A converter, 18, 30 A / D converter,
21 video encoder / decoder unit, 22 system decoder,
23 video RAM, 24 video signal generator, 26, 29 converter

Claims (5)

Video data and audio data for which normal data or reproduction prohibition designation data is designated are recorded,
As the management data for reproducing the normal data and the reproduction prohibition designation data, the normal management data designating only the normal data according to the first reproduction order not reproducing the reproduction prohibited data , and the second reproduction According to the order, the normal data and the password request management data designating reproduction-prohibited data are respectively recorded on recording media.
A playback apparatus configured to be able to play back data using information based on the password request management data in accordance with a match of an input password at the time of playback operation. Furthermore, data indicating the presence of the password request management data is recorded on the recording medium,
When the reproduction prohibition designation is canceled, the password request management data is written into the normal management data, and the data indicating the presence of the password request management data is rewritten and recorded as data indicating that the password request management data does not exist. The reproducing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein 2. The password request management data according to claim 1, wherein both the normal data and the reproduction prohibition designation data can be reproduced in accordance with the second reproduction order. Playback device. 4. The reproduction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first reproduction order is a reproduction order set before designation of reproduction prohibition designation data is performed. Video data and audio data for which normal data or reproduction prohibition designation data is designated are recorded,
As the management data for reproducing the normal data and the reproduction prohibition designation data, the normal management data designating only the normal data according to the first reproduction order not reproducing the reproduction prohibited data , and the second reproduction According to the order, the normal data and the password request management data designating reproduction-prohibited data are respectively recorded on recording media.
A step of requesting the input of a personal identification number during the reproduction operation;
Determining whether the entered password is correct;
Replaying data using information based on the password request management data in response to the input password being correct;
A playback method characterized by comprising:

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