JP3998095B2 - Valve characteristic control device for internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Valve characteristic control device for internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3998095B2
JP3998095B2 JP2002337521A JP2002337521A JP3998095B2 JP 3998095 B2 JP3998095 B2 JP 3998095B2 JP 2002337521 A JP2002337521 A JP 2002337521A JP 2002337521 A JP2002337521 A JP 2002337521A JP 3998095 B2 JP3998095 B2 JP 3998095B2
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cam follower
cam
fixing member
rocker arm
vertical reciprocating
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JP2003176706A (en
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富保 平野
憲 杉浦
浩樹 藤井
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Toyota Motor Corp
Otics Corp
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Toyota Motor Corp
Otics Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、内燃機関におけるバルブの開閉タイミング、リフト量、休止等の各種バルブ特性を可変制御する装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
本発明に対応する公知技術は特に無く、本発明は、本出願人の一人が先に出願した特願平9−315703号(本出願時において未公開)の発明の改良である。この先行発明のバルブ特性制御装置は次のように構成されていた。
【0003】
図19及び図20に示すように、ロッカアーム本体16のガイド筒42には、カム(図示略)により押圧されるカムフォロワ22がその押圧方向及び戻り方向に往復動可能に挿着されている。ガイド筒42の外周には、カムフォロワ22を上方へ付勢するロストモーションスプリングの一例としてのコイルスプリング43が設けられている。カムフォロワ22の下部は、3側面が平面を有するように切削されて略四角柱状に形成され、当接脚部41とされている。
【0004】
ロッカアーム本体16の摺動孔24には、カムフォロワ22の往復動とは直交方向に移動可能なカムフォロワ固定部材34が挿着されている。カムフォロワ固定部材34は、図19に示すように、カムフォロワ22の往復動軌跡上に繰出してその往復動を阻止する拘束位置と、図20に示すように、カムフォロワ22の往復動軌跡上から退避してその往復動を許容する許容位置との間を移動可能である。
【0005】
カムフォロワ固定部材34は、後述する実施形態の図4を援用して示すように、先端中央から切り込み形成した係合溝44と、係合溝44を挟む一対の側片45と、両側片45の下部間の当接部46(上面は当接面47)と、当接部46の先端部と両側片45との間の逃げ溝48と、係合溝44より後部のバネ収納孔49とを備えている。係合溝44にはカムフォロワ22の当接脚部41が常時係入され、カムフォロワ22の回動が防止されている。バネ収納孔49の内底面と、当接脚部41の側面に配置されたバネ受け部材50との間には、カムフォロワ固定部材34を許容位置側へ付勢するリターンスプリングの一例としてのコイルスプリング40が設けられている。
【0006】
そして、内燃機関が低速で回転している状態においては、図19に示すように、カムフォロワ固定部材34が許容位置に位置する。このため、カムフォロワ22はフリーの状態となり、図示しない高速カムにて押圧されても、図19(a)の実線に示す下方位置と二点鎖線で示す上方位置との間を上下動する。従って、ロッカアーム本体16は、図示しない低速カムによりローラを介して押圧され揺動する。
【0007】
また、内燃機関が高速で回転している状態においては、図20に示すように、カムフォロワ固定部材34が拘束位置に位置する。このため、カムフォロワ22が図示しない高速カムにて押圧されると、カムフォロワ22とともにロッカアーム本体16が揺動される。
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記先行発明のバルブ特性制御装置によれば、カムフォロワ固定部材34が摺動孔24の内周面下部24aにて支持されるため、カムフォロワ固定部材34の断面積を大きくする必要がなく、耐久性を十分に得ることができるという効果が得られた。しかし、次のような問題が残っていた。
【0009】
▲1▼ 拘束位置側に移動するときのカムフォロワ固定部材34は、図20に示すように、その係合溝44の終端がバネ受け部材50を介してカムフォロワ22の側面に移動方向に当接することにより、拘束位置に止まるようになっていた。このため、図20に矢印で示すように、カムフォロワ22が、カムの摺接によりコックする(こじれて傾く)と、カムフォロワ固定部材34を許容位置側へ押し戻すため、異常挙動が発生するおそれがあった。
【0010】
▲2▼ カムフォロワ固定部材34の当接面47(側面)と端面とで作る角部46aと、当接脚部41の往動側の端面と側面とで作る角部41aとは、図19と図20との相互切替時に強く接触することがある。両角部46a,41aは共に直線状に形成されており、所定スペースにおける接触距離が最短であったため、摩耗や変形が生じやすい等、耐久性の点で不利であった。
【0011】
▲3▼ カムフォロワ固定部材34を許容位置側へ付勢するリターンスプリング(40)が、カムフォロワ22の往動側の端面より上方に設けられていたため、カムフォロワ固定部材34の構造及び形状が上記のように複雑になっていた。
【0012】
▲4▼ カムフォロワ22を復動側へ付勢するロストモーションスプリング(43)が、カムフォロワ22及びガイド筒42の外周に設けられていたため、ガイド筒42に案内されるカムフォロワ22の外径を細くする必要があり、強度的に不利であった。
【0013】
▲5▼ ロッカアーム本体16に対するカムフォロワ22の抜止手段がなかったため、図19のようにアッセンブルしたものを、内燃機関に組付けたり内燃機関から取外したりするときに、ロッカアーム本体16からカムフォロワ22が抜外れてばらけるおそれがあった。
【0014】
本発明の目的は、上記の各課題を解決することができる内燃機関のバルブ特性制御装置を提供することにある。
【0015】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために、本発明に係る内燃機関のバルブ特性制御装置は、ロッカシャフトにロッカアームが揺動可能に挿着され、ロッカシャフトとは離間して設けられたカムシャフトにロッカアームを揺動させるカムが設けられ、ロッカアームには、カムにより押圧されるカムフォロワがその押圧方向及び戻り方向に上下往復摺動可能に挿着され、ロッカアームには、カムフォロワの上下往復摺動軌跡上に繰出して上下往復摺動を阻止しカムフォロワとロッカアームとの相対移動を拘束する拘束位置と、カムフォロワの上下往復摺動軌跡上から退避して上下往復摺動を許容しカムフォロワとロッカアームとの相対移動を許容する許容位置との間において、上下往復摺動とは直交方向、且つロッカアームの軸線とも直交方向に移動可能なカムフォロワ固定部材が設けられ、以上を共通の主要部としてさらに次の各手段が採られた。
【0016】
(1)ロッカアームには、拘束位置側に移動するカムフォロワ固定部材がカムフォロワの側面に当接しないうちに、該カムフォロワ固定部材に当接してカムフォロワ固定部材を拘束位置に止めるストッパが設けられる。ストッパとしては、後述する第一実施形態のCリング、第三・第四実施形態のバネ受け部材等を例示できるが、これらに限定されるものではない。
【0017】
(2)拘束位置ではカムフォロワ固定部材の側面がカムフォロワの往動側の端面に当接するように構成され、カムフォロワ固定部材の側面と端面とで作る角部と、カムフォロワの往動側の端面と側面とで作る角部とが、共に略同一曲率の円弧状に形成される。
【0018】
(3)カムフォロワ固定部材の側面に、拘束位置でカムフォロワの往動側の端面が当接する当接面が形成され、カムフォロワ固定部材における当接面より下方部位にバネ収納孔が形成され、カムフォロワ固定部材を許容位置側へ付勢するリターンスプリングが、バネ収納孔に収納されることでカムフォロワの往動側の端面より下方に設けられる。
【0019】
(4)カムフォロワを復動側へ付勢するロストモーションスプリングが該カムフォロワと同芯上に設けられ、ロストモーションスプリングの外周を覆いカムフォロワと共に往復動する筒状カバーがカムフォロワに設けられ、筒状カバーの外周面がロッカアームに案内される。
【0020】
(5)ロッカアームには、カムとは別のカムにより押圧されるローラが回動可能に支持され、ロッカアームには、ローラの近傍部位から該ロッカアームが駆動するバルブの近傍部位まで延びる油溝が設けられる。
【0021】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。実施対象の内燃機関は1気筒当り吸気バルブ2本、排気バルブ2本のいわゆる4バルブ式である。吸気バルブ側にも排気バルブ側にもバルブ特性制御装置が設けられているが、いずれ側も基本的構成は同じなので、便宜上、吸気バルブ側のバルブ特性制御装置のみを図示して説明する。
【0022】
まず、図1〜図4は低速・中速・高速の3段階切替を行なう第一実施形態のバルブ特性制御装置を示している。図1に示すように、カムシャフト11には、低速カム13を挟んで両側に中速カム12、高速カム14が位置するようにそれぞれ設けられている。
【0023】
この中速カム12、低速カム13、高速カム14は、それぞれバルブタイミング及びバルブリフト量が異なるようにカムフェイスを備えている。すなわち、低速カム13は、低速時において作用し、高速時に作用する高速カム14よりも、吸気バルブのバルブタイミングに関しては、高速時よりも弁開時期が遅くなるように、弁閉時期が早くなるように設定されている。また、低速カム13は、高速カム14よりもバルブリフト量が小さくなるように設定されている。中速カム12は、バルブタイミング及びバルブリフト量がそれぞれ低速カム13及び高速カム14のバルブタイミング及びバルブリフト量の間となるように設定されている。
【0024】
カムシャフト11の下方には、ロッカシャフト15が平行に離間して配置されている。ロッカシャフト15の外周には、ロッカアーム本体16が揺動可能に挿着されている。ロッカアーム本体16の中央部上面にはローラ17が回動可能に支持され、低速カム13に対して当接可能とされている。また、ロッカアーム本体16の上面中央からは一対の腕部18が一体的に延出され、腕部18の先端部は押圧当接部19が連結されている。押圧当接部19の下方には吸気バルブ20が配置され、押圧当接部19により吸気バルブ20が開閉駆動される。
【0025】
ロッカアーム本体16の両側部において、両側上面には断面円形をなす二つのガイド孔21が下方に向かって穿設されている。ロッカアーム本体16の両側部内には、ロッカシャフト15の軸線と直交する方向に断面円形をなす二つの摺動孔24が穿設されている(図2,3参照)。各摺動孔24は各ガイド孔21の下部と連通されている。各ガイド孔21には円筒状のガイド筒42が嵌合固定され、各ガイド筒42に対しては、それぞれ略円柱状をなす中速カムフォロワ22mと高速カムフォロワ22hとが摺動可能に挿入されている。各カムフォロワ22m,22hの上部である先端部には中速カム12と高速カム14とにそれぞれ当接される被押圧部23が形成されている。
【0026】
また、各ガイド筒42外周にはコイルスプリング43が配置され、コイルスプリング43の上下両端は各カムフォロワ22m,22hの被押圧部23の下面とロッカアーム本体16の上面とに係止されている。そして、コイルスプリング43の付勢力は吸気バルブ20の図示しない弁バネの付勢力よりも小さくされ、各カムフォロワ22m,22hを上方へ付勢する。なお、ガイド筒42の下端面は摺動孔24内に突出しないように上部内周面と面一に配置されている。
【0027】
また、各カムフォロワ22m,22hの下部は、図2(b)に示すように、摺動孔24の軸心方向に沿った側面及び後述する油圧室26m,22h側の側面の計3側面が平面を有するように切削されて略四角柱状に形成され、当接脚部41とされている。
【0028】
各摺動孔24の内底部には、それぞれ摺動孔24と同一径の断面円形をなすとともに共通軸心を有する中速油圧室26mと高速油圧室26hとが形成されている。同油圧室26m,26hは、それぞれロッカアーム本体16の油路16a、ロッカシャフト15の内部に軸心方向に沿って形成された油路15a(中速用と高速用とで独立している)等を介して、図示しないオイルポンプ(油圧駆動源)に接続されている。
【0029】
各摺動孔24にはカムフォロワ拘束部材としての略円柱状をなすカムフォロワ固定部材34が摺動可能に配置されている。カムフォロワ固定部材34は、基端部がピストン機能を備えるとともに、先端部側がカムフォロワを固定する機能の両機能を備えている。カムフォロワ固定部材34は、図2に示すように、各カムフォロワ22m,22hの往復動軌跡上から退避して各カムフォロワの往復動を許容する許容位置と、図3に示すように、各カムフォロワ22m,22hの往復動軌跡上に繰出して、当接脚部41の往動側の下部端面に当接して各カムフォロワ22m,22hを拘束(移動を阻止)する拘束位置との間を移動可能とされている。
【0030】
カムフォロワ固定部材34は、その先端に中央から切り込み形成した係合溝44が設けられ、係合溝44を挟んで一対の側片45を備えている。係合溝44の終端はカムフォロワ固定部材34の軸心方向の中央に位置する。また、両側片45の下部間には、係合溝44の終端から先端部側に延びる当接部46が形成され、当接部46の上面は平面をなす当接面47とされている。また、当接部46の係合溝44終端面からの長さは、側片45の係合溝44終端面からの長さよりも短くされており、当接部46の先端部と両側片45との間は逃げ溝48が形成されている。
【0031】
そして、係合溝44は、図2(b)に示すように、各カムフォロワ22m,22hの当接脚部41が常時係入されて、互いに摺接可能とされている。すなわち、各カムフォロワ22m,22hは、当接脚部41が係合溝44に係入された状態で上下移動可能とされており、また、カムフォロワ固定部材34は、係合溝44内に当接脚部41が係入された状態で、摺動孔24に沿って往復移動可能である。従って、各カムフォロワ22m,22hはその当接脚部41が側片45にて規制されることにより、ガイド筒42の軸心周りの回動が防止されている。
【0032】
また、逃げ溝48を区画する側片45の内側面は、係合溝44を区画する内側面と連続する平面とされており、同図に示すカムフォロワ固定部材34が許容位置に位置するときにおいて、上下移動する当接脚部41の係入及び係脱が可能である。
【0033】
本実施形態では、摺動孔24のカムフォロワ22m,22hより反油圧室26m,26h側に環状溝27が形成され、環状溝27にはストッパの一例としてのCリング28が嵌着されている。Cリング28の内径は摺動孔24の内径より小さい。Cリング28は、拘束位置側に移動するカムフォロワ固定部材34の係合溝44の終端がカムフォロワ22m,22hの側面に当接しないうちに、該カムフォロワ固定部材34の両側片45の先端面に当接して、カムフォロワ固定部材34を拘束位置に止めるものである。
【0034】
また、カムフォロワ固定部材34において、係合溝44の終端面(カムフォロワ固定部材34の中央部端面)には、バネ収納孔49がカムフォロワ固定部材34の軸心方向に沿って穿設されている。
【0035】
当接脚部41の油圧室側側面にはバネ受け部材50が配置されている。バネ受け部材50は、図3(a)に示すように、バネ収納孔49の開口49aを閉鎖可能な大きさとされており、当接部46の当接面47上、及び側片45の内側面を摺動可能とされている。バネ受け部材50には円錐台状をなす係合突起51が突出されている。コイルスプリング40はバネ収納孔49内に収納され、その一端はバネ受け部材50の係合突起51に嵌合係止され、他端はバネ収納孔49の内底面に係止されている。このコイルスプリング40にてカムフォロワ固定部材34は油圧室26m,26h側(許容位置側)に常時付勢されている。
【0036】
また、当接部46の上下厚みβは、図2(a)に示すように、各カムフォロワ22m,22hの非固定時(非拘束時)のとき移動量αよりも大きくされている。なお、この実施の形態では、各摺動孔24の内底面から所定長さまでが各油圧室26m,26hを構成している。
【0037】
前記ロッカアーム本体16、及びロッカアーム本体16内に組み込まれる各カムフォロワ22m,22h、油圧室26m,26h、カムフォロワ固定部材34、コイルスプリング43、コイルスプリング40等により、ロッカシャフト15の油路15aから供給される作動油により駆動されるバルブ特性制御機構が構成されている。また、このバルブ特性制御機構、中速カム12、低速カム13、高速カム14、カムシャフト11等によりバルブ特性制御装置が構成されている。
【0038】
さて、上記のように構成された内燃機関のバルブ特性制御装置の作用を説明する。なお、中速カム12、高速カム14にて駆動される各カムフォロワ22m,22hの作動は同様であるため、図3に両カムフォロワ22m,22hを択一的に示して説明する。
【0039】
(1)図2(a)(b)は、内燃機関が低速で回転している状態において、中速カム及び高速カムにて駆動されるカムフォロワ22m,22h側のバルブ特性制御機構の状態を示している。この状態は、図示しないオイルポンプから、油路15a,16aを介しての作動油の供給が停止されて、コイルスプリング40の付勢力により、カムフォロワ固定部材34が油圧室26m,26hの内底面に当接した状態とされ、従って、カムフォロワ固定部材34は、許容位置に位置している状態である。
【0040】
この結果、各カムフォロワ22m,22hは、カムフォロワ固定部材34にて固定(拘束)されていないため、フリーの状態である。この状態で中速カム12及び高速カム14のカムリフトが生じても、吸気バルブ20の弁バネの付勢力により、吸気バルブ20とロッカアーム本体16とは偏倚しているため、中速カム12及び高速カム14にてカムフォロワ22m,22hが被押圧部23にて押圧されても、コイルスプリング43に抗して、図2(a)の実線に示す下方位置と、二点鎖線で示す上方位置との間を上下動する。この結果、ロッカアーム本体16は中速カム12及び高速カム14にては駆動されない。
【0041】
従って、ロッカアーム本体16は、低速カム13のカムリフトが生じた時に、同カムによりローラ17を介して押圧されることにより、ロッカシャフト15を中心に揺動し、吸気バルブ20を開閉駆動する。
【0042】
(2)次に、図3(a)(b)は、内燃機関が中速で回転している状態において、中速カム12にて駆動される中速カムフォロワ22m側のバルブ特性制御機構の状態を示している。この状態は、図2の状態から、図示しない切替バルブにより油路が切替えられ、図示しないオイルポンプから、油路15a,16aを介しての作動油の供給がなされ、コイルスプリング40の付勢力に抗して、カムフォロワ固定部材34が中速油圧室26mの内底面から離間した状態とされ、従って、カムフォロワ固定部材34は、拘束位置に位置している状態である。
【0043】
図2の状態から図3の状態に移行する場合、中速カム12のカムリフトが生じていないときに行われる。中速カム12のカムリフトが生じていないときは、コイルスプリング43の付勢力により、中速カムフォロワ22mは図2(a)の二点鎖線に位置し、その下部は、図3(a)の実線位置に位置している。
【0044】
この状態で、油路が切替えられ、図示しないオイルポンプから、油路15a,16aを介しての作動油の供給がなされると、カムフォロワ固定部材34がコイルスプリング40に抗して油圧により作動される。カムフォロワ固定部材34は、摺動孔24(中速油圧室26mを含む)を摺動するときに、中速カムフォロワ22mの当接脚部41を係合溝44にて摺接しながら移動する。拘束位置側に移動するカムフォロワ固定部材34の係合溝44の終端がバネ受け部材50を介して中速カムフォロワ22mの側面に当接しないうちに、Cリング28が、カムフォロワ固定部材34の両側片45の先端面に当接して、カムフォロワ固定部材34を拘束位置に止める。そして、カムフォロワ固定部材34は、その当接部46の当接面47にて中速カムフォロワ22mの当接脚部41の面に当接し、中速カムフォロワ22mを拘束する。なお、図2(a)、図3(a)においては、説明の便宜上、中速カム12は省略しているが、被押圧部23は常時中速カム12に対して当接されているため、中速カムフォロワ22mが図3(a)の実線位置より上方に移動することはない。
【0045】
そして、次に中速カム12のカムリフトが生じたとき、中速カムフォロワ22mはカムフォロワ固定部材34にて拘束され、ロッカアーム本体16と一体的に固定されて移動できないため、ロッカアーム本体16が揺動されて、吸気バルブ20が作動される。このとき、上記の通り、カムフォロワ固定部材34の係合溝44の終端はバネ受け部材50を介してカムフォロワ22m,22hの側面に当接していないので、図20に矢印で示すように、カムフォロワ22が、中速カム12の摺接によりコックしたとしても、カムフォロワ固定部材34を許容位置側へ押し戻すことはなく、異常挙動は発生しない。
【0046】
なお、この中速カム12のカムリフトが生じたとき、中速カムフォロワ22mは被押圧部23に中速カム12から押圧され、この押圧力は中速カムフォロワ22mの下部に当接しているカムフォロワ固定部材34の当接部46が受ける。そして、カムフォロワ固定部材34は、図3に示すように、摺動孔24の内周面下部24a、すなわち、ロッカアーム本体16にて支持されているため、カムフォロワ固定部材34には、摺動孔24の支持部としての内周面下部24aと中速カムフォロワ22mとの間において圧縮力のみが働くことになり、カムフォロワ固定部材34に対してせん断力が働くことはない。
【0047】
(3)次に、内燃機関が高速で回転している状態についても、前記図3により説明できる。この状態は、前記中速の状態から、図示しない切替バルブにより油路が切替えられ、図示しないオイルポンプから油路15a,16aを介しての作動油の供給がなされ、コイルスプリング40の付勢力に抗して、カムフォロワ固定部材34が高速油圧室26hの内底面から離間した状態とされ、従って、カムフォロワ固定部材34は、拘束位置に位置している状態である。
【0048】
従って、前記中速状態の説明において、中速カム12を高速カム14と、中速カムフォロワ22mを高速カムフォロワ22hと、中速油圧室26mを高速油圧室26hと、それぞれ読み替えることにより、前記中速状態に準ずる作用で高速カムフォロワ22hが拘束され、高速カム14によりロッカアーム本体16が揺動されて、吸気バルブ20が作動される。そして、カムフォロワ22が、高速カム14の摺接によりコックしたとしても、カムフォロワ固定部材34を許容位置側へ押し戻すことはなく、異常挙動は発生しない。
【0049】
(4)次に、図3の状態から図2の状態に移行する場合、図示しない切替バルブにより油路が切替えられ、図示しないオイルポンプからの作動油の供給が停止されると、コイルスプリング40の付勢力により、カムフォロワ固定部材34が各油圧室26m,26hの内底面に当接するまで移動する。従って、カムフォロワ固定部材34は、許容位置に位置した状態となり、前記低速状態となる。
【0050】
その他、本実施形態のバルブ特性制御装置は下記の効果も奏する。
【0051】
▲1▼ カムフォロワ固定部材34は丸棒材を加工すればよく、摺動孔24も断面円状に加工すればよいので、これらの加工と組み付けを簡単に行うことができる。
【0052】
▲2▼ カムフォロワ固定部材34は一つの部材でピストン機能とカムフォロワ固定機能の両機能を持たせるようにしたため、部品点数及び組付工数を減らすことができ、コストの低減を図ることができる。
【0053】
▲3▼ カムフォロワ固定部材34には、摺動孔24の摺動孔内周面下部24aとカムフォロワ22m,22hとの間において圧縮力のみが働くことにより、せん断力が働くことはない。従って、摺動孔24に、せん断力に耐えるための高剛性を持たせる必要はなく、断面積を大きくする必要がなくなるため、カムフォロワ固定部材34の小型・軽量化を図ることができる。
【0054】
▲4▼ カムフォロワ22m,22hはその当接脚部41が両側片45にて規制されることにより、ガイド筒42の軸心周りの回動が防止できるので、該回動防止のための他部品が不要である。
【0055】
次に、図5〜図7に示す第二実施形態のバルブ特性制御装置は、カムフォロワ22m,22hとカムフォロワ固定部材34とバネ受け部材50の各構造において第一実施形態と相違するものであり、第一実施形態と共通する部分については、説明及び図示の一部を省略する。
【0056】
各カムフォロワ22m,22hの当接脚部41は、第一実施形態のように3側面が平面状に切削されるのでなく、基本的には略円柱状に形成され、従って、当接脚部41の往動側の下端面と油圧室26m,26h側の側面とで作る角部41aは円弧状になっている。但し、当接脚部41の下端面における摺動孔24の軸心方向に沿った両側縁は、摺動孔24に収まるように、面取りされている。また、当接脚部41の油圧室26m,22h側の側面の途中部は、小四角形の平面状に切削されて凹所41bが形成され、凹所41bの下端面が抜止用係合面41cとなっている。
【0057】
カムフォロワ固定部材34は、第一実施形態にあった側片45と逃げ溝48とが省略され、形状が簡略化されている。一方、当接部46の端面の中央部が断面円弧状に凹設されることにより、当接部46の当接面47(側面)と端面とで作る角部46aが、前記角部41aと略同一曲率の円弧状に形成されている。
【0058】
バネ受け部材50は、当接脚部側の面の中央部がその上部を除いて断面円弧状に凹設され、その上部は平面状の抜止用係合部50aとなっている。本実施形態では、この抜止用係合部50aが当接脚部41の凹所41bに当接することにより、各カムフォロワ22m,22hの回動が防止されている。
【0059】
本実施形態のバルブ特性制御装置の作用を、第一実施形態の作用と共通する部分は簡略化し、相違する部分を中心に説明する。
【0060】
(1)図5(a)(b)(c)は、第一実施形態の図2に相当する内燃機関の低速状態を示し、カムフォロワ固定部材34は許容位置に位置する。各カムフォロワ22m,22hはフリーの状態となり、中速カム12及び高速カム14にて押圧されても、図5(a)の実線に示す下方位置と二点鎖線で示す上方位置との間を上下動する。従って、ロッカアーム本体16は、低速カム13によりローラ17を介して押圧され、ロッカシャフト15を中心に揺動し、吸気バルブを開閉駆動する。
【0061】
(2)次に、図6(a)(b)(c)は、第一実施形態の図3に相当する内燃機関の中速状態を示し、カムフォロワ固定部材34は拘束位置に位置する。カムフォロワ固定部材34が摺動孔24を摺動し始める時に、カムフォロワ固定部材34の角部46aと中速カムフォロワ22mの角部41aとが、強く接触することがある。しかし、両角部46a,41aは共に略同一曲率の円弧状に形成されており、所定スペースにおける接触距離が従来の直線状の場合より長くいため、摩耗や変形が生じにくく、耐久性が高い。なお、第一実施形態と異なり、カムフォロワ固定部材34は、係合溝44の終端がバネ受け部材50を介して中速カムフォロワ22mの側面に当接することにより、拘束位置に止まる。中速カムフォロワ22mが中速カム12にて押圧されると、中速カムフォロワ22mとともにロッカアーム本体16が揺動し、吸気バルブを開閉駆動する。
【0062】
(3)次に、内燃機関の高速状態についても、前記図6により説明できる。すなわち、前記中速状態の説明において、中速カム12を高速カム14と、中速カムフォロワ22mを高速カムフォロワ22hと、それぞれ読み替えることにより、前記中速状態に準ずる作用で高速カムフォロワ22hが拘束され、高速カム14によりロッカアーム本体16が揺動されて、吸気バルブが作動される。この移行時においても、両角部46a,41aの摩耗や変形が生じにくい。
【0063】
(4)次に、図6の状態から図5の状態に移行する場合、コイルスプリング40の付勢力により、カムフォロワ固定部材34が各油圧室26m,26hの内底面に当接するまで移動する。従って、カムフォロワ固定部材34は、許容位置に位置した状態となり、前記低速状態となる。この移行時においても、両角部46a,41aの摩耗や変形が生じにくい。
【0064】
その他、本実施形態において、カムフォロワ22m,22hをロッカアーム本体16に挿着するときには、摺動孔24からバネ受け部材50を奥に押込みながら、カムフォロワ22m,22hをガイド筒42に挿入し、抜止用係合面41cが抜止用係合部50aを超えるようにすればよい。この挿着後に、カムフォロワ22m,22hがロッカアーム本体16から抜けようとしても、抜止用係合面41cが抜止用係合部50aに係合してその抜けを阻止する。従って、図5のようにアッセンブルしたバルブ特性制御装置を、内燃機関に組付けたり内燃機関から取外したりするときに、カムフォロワ22が抜外れてばらけるおそれがなく、作業性が良くなる。
【0065】
次に、図8〜図10に示す第三実施形態のバルブ特性制御装置は、カムフォロワ22m,22hとカムフォロワ固定部材34とバネ受け部材50の各構造において第一実施形態と相違するものであり、第一実施形態と共通する部分については、説明及び図示の一部を省略する。
【0066】
各カムフォロワ22m,22hの当接脚部41は、略円柱状の下端面の中央部が摺動孔24の軸心方向に沿って断面矩形状に切欠かれることにより、一対の側片41dと内端面41eとが形成されている。
【0067】
カムフォロワ固定部材34は、第一実施形態にあった側片45と逃げ溝48とが省略され、形状が簡略化されている。一方、カムフォロワ固定部材34の両側部には摺動孔24の軸心方向に沿って平面状の案内面34aが形成され、これに前記両側片41dが摺動可能に嵌合してカムフォロワ22m,22hの回動を防止している。また、カムフォロワ固定部材34の中央部には平面状の当接面47が比較的高い位置に形成され、カムフォロワ固定部材34の端部には当接面47より低い位置に平面状の逃げ面34bが形成されている。そして、カムフォロワ固定部材34における当接面47より下方部位(従って内端面41eより下方部位)にバネ収納孔49が形成され、リターンスプリングとしてコイルスプリング40が収納されている。
【0068】
バネ受け部材50は、摺動孔24のカムフォロワ22より反油圧室26m,26h側に取り付けられ、第一実施形態の係合突起51に代えて、コイルスプリング40の嵌合する凹所52が形成されている。このバネ受け部材50はカムフォロワ固定部材34のストッパとしても機能する。
【0069】
本実施形態のバルブ特性制御装置の作用を、第一実施形態の作用と共通する部分は簡略化し、相違する部分を中心に説明する。
【0070】
(1)図8(a)(b)(c)は、第一実施形態の図2に相当する内燃機関の低速状態を示し、カムフォロワ固定部材34の当接面47は許容位置に位置する。なお、逃げ面34bは、カムフォロワ22m,22hの下方に位置するが、往動する内端面41eには当接しないので、結局、カムフォロワ22m,22hの往復動軌跡上に位置するとはいえない。従って、各カムフォロワ22m,22hはフリーの状態となり、中速カム12及び高速カム14にて押圧されても、図8(a)の実線に示す下方位置と二点鎖線で示す上方位置との間を上下動する。従って、ロッカアーム本体16は、低速カム13によりローラ17を介して押圧され、ロッカシャフト15を中心に揺動し、吸気バルブを開閉駆動する。
【0071】
(2)次に、図9(a)(b)(c)は、第一実施形態の図3に相当する内燃機関の中速状態を示し、カムフォロワ固定部材34の当接面47は拘束位置に位置する。拘束位置側に移動するカムフォロワ固定部材34の係合溝44の終端が中速カムフォロワ22mの側面に当接しないうちに、バネ受け部材50が、カムフォロワ固定部材34の先端面に当接して、カムフォロワ固定部材34を拘束位置に止める。当接面47は中速カムフォロワ22mの内端面41eに当接し、中速カムフォロワ22mを拘束する。中速カムフォロワ22mが中速カム12にて押圧されると、中速カムフォロワ22mとともにロッカアーム本体16が揺動し、吸気バルブを開閉駆動する。
【0072】
(3)次に、内燃機関の高速状態についても、前記図9により説明できる。すなわち、前記中速状態の説明において、中速カム12を高速カム14と、中速カムフォロワ22mを高速カムフォロワ22hと、それぞれ読み替えることにより、前記中速状態に準ずる作用で高速カムフォロワ22hが拘束され、高速カム14によりロッカアーム本体16が揺動されて、吸気バルブが作動される。この移行時においても、両角部46a,41aの摩耗や変形が生じにくい。
【0073】
(4)次に、図9の状態から図8の状態に移行する場合、コイルスプリング40の付勢力により、カムフォロワ固定部材34が各油圧室26m,26hの内底面に当接するまで移動する。従って、カムフォロワ固定部材34の当接面47は、許容位置に位置した状態となり、前記低速状態となる。この移行時においても、両角部46a,41aの摩耗や変形が生じにくい。
【0074】
本実施形態によれば、コイルスプリング40がカムフォロワ22m,22hの内端面41eより下方に設けられることにより、カムフォロワ固定部材34の形状が大幅に簡略化されている。また、このバネ受け部材50がカムフォロワ固定部材34のストッパとしても機能するので、部品点数を削減できる。
【0075】
なお、図11に示す変形例のように、カムフォロワ固定部材34の当接面47と、カムフォロワ22m,22hの内端面41eとを、共に断面円弧状に形成し、当接面積を増加させることもできる。
【0076】
次に、図12〜図14に示す第四実施形態のバルブ特性制御装置は、カムフォロワ22m,22hとカムフォロワ固定部材34とバネ受け部材50の各構造と、カムフォロワ22m,22hに筒状カバー53が設けられた点において、第三実施形態と相違するものであり、第一実施形態及び第三実施形態と共通する部分については、説明及び図示の一部を省略する。
【0077】
各カムフォロワ22m,22hの当接脚部41は、略円柱状に形成され、カムフォロワ22m,22hを復動側へ付勢するコイルスプリング43がカムフォロワ22m,22hと同芯上に設けられている。さらに、コイルスプリング43の外周を覆いカムフォロワ22m.22hと共に往復動する筒状カバー53が、その上端の端壁53aにおいてカムフォロワ22m,22hに固定され、筒状カバー53の外周面がロッカアーム本体16のガイド孔21に案内されている(前記ガイド筒42に案内されてもよい)。従って、ガイド孔21に案内される筒状カバー53の外径が、従来のガイド筒42に案内されるカムフォロワ22の外径より太くなり、強度的に有利であるとともに、コックも起きにくい。
【0078】
カムフォロワ固定部材34は、第一実施形態のカムフォロワ固定部材34のバネ収納孔49を第三実施形態のカムフォロワ固定部材34のように当接面47より下方部位に移した構造となっている。
【0079】
バネ受け部材50は平板状で、第三実施形態のバネ受け部材50より簡略化されている。
【0080】
従って、本実施形態のバルブ特性制御装置の作用は、基本的に第一実施形態と第三実施形態との組合わせであるから、図2及び図8に相当する図12と、図3及び図9に相当する図13とを示して、説明を省略する。
【0081】
なお、図15に示す変形例のように、当接脚部41を一回り太くし、その両側部を平面状に切削して係合溝44に係合させることもできる。
【0082】
次に、図16は前記各実施形態に適用可能な第一変更例であって、ロッカアーム本体に挿着されたカムフォロワ22m,22hがロッカアーム本体から抜外れるのを阻止する抜止部材が設けられている。この抜止部材は、カムフォロワ22m,22h(又は筒状カバー53)の周面に形成された環状溝55に拡縮可能に嵌合されたCリング56であって、ガイド筒42(又はガイド孔21)にはCリング56が下方から係止可能な段差部57が形成されている。
【0083】
図16(a)に示すように、カムフォロワ22m,22hがロッカアーム本体に挿着されるときには、Cリング56が環状溝55内に縮径してその挿着を許容し、図16(b)に示すように、挿着後にはCリング56が環状溝55と段差部57にまたがるように拡径してカムフォロワ22m,22hがガイド筒42から抜外れるのを阻止する。従って、バルブ特性制御装置を内燃機関に組付けたり内燃機関から取外したりするときに、カムフォロワ22m,22hが抜外れてばらけるおそれがなく、作業性が良くなる。
【0084】
図17は第一変更例の改良例であって、図16の環状溝55の下部に環状溝55より浅い支持溝58を設け、図17(b)に示すように、Cリング56が環状溝55と段差部57にまたがったときに、支持溝58がCリング56を内周から支持してその縮径を防止するようにしたものである。
【0085】
次に、図18は前記各実施形態に適用可能な第二変更例であって、ロッカアーム本体16の押圧当接部19には、ローラ17の近傍部位から吸気バルブ20の近傍部位まで延びる油溝60が設けられている。ローラ17と腕部18との間に溜まった潤滑油が油溝60を通って吸気バルブ20の近傍まで流れるので、押圧当接部19と吸気バルブ20との当接部の潤滑を図ることができる。
【0086】
なお、本発明は前記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、例えば以下のように、発明の趣旨から逸脱しない範囲で適宜変更して具体化することもできる。
(1)吸気バルブのみ又は排気バルブのみのバルブ特性を制御するバルブ特性制御装置に具体化すること。
(2)低速・高速の2段階切替、作動・休止の2段階切替、低速・高速・休止の3段階切替等の各種バルブ特性制御装置に具体化すること。
【0088】
【発明の効果】
請求項の発明に係る内燃機関のバルブ特性制御装置によれば、カムフォロワ固定部材の形状を簡略化することができる。
【0089】
請求項の発明に係る内燃機関のバルブ特性制御装置によれば、カムフォロワの角部とカムフォロワ固定部材の角部との接触による摩耗や変形を軽減でき、耐久性を向上させることができるとともに、カムフォロワ固定部材の形状を簡略化することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の第一実施形態に係るバルブ特性制御装置を示す斜視図である。
【図2】(a)は同バルブ特性制御装置の低速時における側断面図、(b)は同じく平断面図、(c)は同じく要部正面図である。
【図3】(a)は同バルブ特性制御装置の中速時又は高速時における側断面図、(b)は同じく平断面図、(c)は同じく要部正面図である。
【図4】同バルブ特性制御装置のカムフォロワ固定部材の斜視図である。
【図5】本発明の第二実施形態に係るバルブ特性制御装置を示し、(a)は低速時における側断面図、(b)は同じく平断面図、(c)は同じく要部正面図である。
【図6】(a)は同バルブ特性制御装置の中速時又は高速時における側断面図、(b)は同じく平断面図、(c)は同じく要部正面図である。
【図7】同バルブ特性制御装置のカムフォロワとカムフォロワ固定部材の分解斜視図である。
【図8】本発明の第三実施形態に係るバルブ特性制御装置を示し、(a)は低速時における側断面図、(b)は同じく平断面図、(c)は同じく要部正面図である。
【図9】(a)は同バルブ特性制御装置の中速時又は高速時における側断面図、(b)は同じく平断面図、(c)は同じく要部正面図である。
【図10】同バルブ特性制御装置のカムフォロワとカムフォロワ固定部材の分解斜視図である。
【図11】同バルブ特性制御装置の変形例のカムフォロワとカムフォロワ固定部材の分解斜視図である。
【図12】本発明の第四実施形態に係るバルブ特性制御装置を示し、(a)は低速時における側断面図、(b)は同じく平断面図、(c)は同じく要部正面図である。
【図13】(a)は同バルブ特性制御装置の中速時又は高速時における側断面図、(b)は同じく平断面図、(c)は同じく要部正面図である。
【図14】同バルブ特性制御装置のカムフォロワとカムフォロワ固定部材の分解斜視図である。
【図15】同バルブ特性制御装置の変形例のカムフォロワとカムフォロワ固定部材の分解斜視図である。
【図16】前記各実施形態に適用可能な第一変更例を示し、(a)はカムフォロワ挿着時の要部断面図、(b)はカムフォロワ挿着後の要部断面図、(c)はCリングの平面図である。
【図17】第一変更例の改良例を示し、(a)はカムフォロワ挿着時の要部断面図、(b)はカムフォロワ挿着後の要部断面図、(c)はCリングの平面図である。
【図18】前記各実施形態に適用可能な第二変更例を示す要部斜視図である。
【図19】本発明の先行発明のバルブ特性制御装置を示し、(a)は低速時における側断面図、(b)は同じく平断面図である。
【図20】(a)は同バルブ特性制御装置の中速時又は高速時における側断面図、(b)は同じく平断面図である。
【符号の説明】
11 カムシャフト
12 中速カム
13 低速カム
14 高速カム
15 ロッカシャフト
16 ロッカアーム本体
17 ローラ
18 腕部
19 押圧当接部
20 吸気バルブ
21 ガイド孔
22h 高速カムフォロワ
22m 中速カムフォロワ
24 摺動孔
28 ストッパとしてのCリング
34 カムフォロワ固定部材
40 リターンスプリングとしてのコイルスプリング
41 当接脚部
41a 角部
41e 内端面
42 ガイド筒
43 ロストモーションスプリングとしてのコイルスプリング
46 当接部
46a 角部
47 当接面
49 バネ収納孔
50 バネ受け部材
50a 抜止部材としての抜止用係合部
53 筒状カバー
55 環状溝
56 Cリング
57 段差部
60 油溝
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an apparatus for variably controlling various valve characteristics such as valve opening / closing timing, lift amount, and rest in an internal combustion engine.
[0002]
[Prior art]
There is no known technique corresponding to the present invention, and the present invention is an improvement of the invention of Japanese Patent Application No. 9-315703 (unpublished at the time of the present application) filed by one of the present applicants. The valve characteristic control device according to the prior invention is configured as follows.
[0003]
As shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, a cam follower 22 pressed by a cam (not shown) is inserted into the guide cylinder 42 of the rocker arm main body 16 so as to be able to reciprocate in the pressing direction and the return direction. A coil spring 43 as an example of a lost motion spring that biases the cam follower 22 upward is provided on the outer periphery of the guide cylinder 42. The lower part of the cam follower 22 is formed into a substantially quadrangular prism shape by cutting so that three side surfaces have a flat surface, and serves as a contact leg 41.
[0004]
A cam follower fixing member 34 that is movable in a direction orthogonal to the reciprocating motion of the cam follower 22 is inserted into the sliding hole 24 of the rocker arm body 16. As shown in FIG. 19, the cam follower fixing member 34 is retracted from the reciprocal movement locus of the cam follower 22 as shown in FIG. It is possible to move between the allowable positions that allow the reciprocation.
[0005]
The cam follower fixing member 34 includes an engaging groove 44 formed by cutting from the center of the tip, a pair of side pieces 45 sandwiching the engaging groove 44, and both side pieces 45, as shown in FIG. A contact portion 46 between the lower portions (the upper surface is a contact surface 47), a clearance groove 48 between the tip of the contact portion 46 and the side pieces 45, and a spring accommodating hole 49 at the rear of the engagement groove 44. I have. The contact leg 41 of the cam follower 22 is always engaged in the engagement groove 44, and the cam follower 22 is prevented from rotating. A coil spring as an example of a return spring that biases the cam follower fixing member 34 toward the permissible position between the inner bottom surface of the spring housing hole 49 and the spring receiving member 50 disposed on the side surface of the contact leg portion 41. 40 is provided.
[0006]
In the state where the internal combustion engine is rotating at a low speed, the cam follower fixing member 34 is located at the allowable position as shown in FIG. Therefore, the cam follower 22 is in a free state and moves up and down between a lower position indicated by a solid line and an upper position indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 19A even when pressed by a high-speed cam (not shown). Accordingly, the rocker arm main body 16 is pressed and swings through the roller by a low-speed cam (not shown).
[0007]
Further, when the internal combustion engine is rotating at a high speed, as shown in FIG. 20, the cam follower fixing member 34 is located at the restraining position. For this reason, when the cam follower 22 is pressed by a high-speed cam (not shown), the rocker arm body 16 is swung together with the cam follower 22.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
According to the valve characteristic control device of the preceding invention, since the cam follower fixing member 34 is supported by the lower portion 24a of the inner peripheral surface of the sliding hole 24, it is not necessary to increase the cross-sectional area of the cam follower fixing member 34, and durability is improved. It was possible to obtain sufficient effects. However, the following problems remained.
[0009]
(1) When the cam follower fixing member 34 is moved to the restraint position side, the end of the engaging groove 44 abuts the side surface of the cam follower 22 via the spring receiving member 50 in the moving direction, as shown in FIG. Therefore, it stopped at the restraint position. For this reason, as shown by an arrow in FIG. 20, when the cam follower 22 is cocked (strained and tilted) by the sliding contact of the cam, the cam follower fixing member 34 is pushed back to the permissible position side, which may cause abnormal behavior. It was.
[0010]
(2) The corner portion 46a formed by the contact surface 47 (side surface) and the end surface of the cam follower fixing member 34 and the corner portion 41a formed by the forward end surface and the side surface of the contact leg portion 41 are as shown in FIG. There may be strong contact at the time of mutual switching with FIG. Both corners 46a and 41a are formed in a straight line, and since the contact distance in a predetermined space is the shortest, it is disadvantageous in terms of durability, such as easy wear and deformation.
[0011]
(3) Since the return spring (40) for urging the cam follower fixing member 34 to the permissible position side is provided above the end face on the forward side of the cam follower 22, the structure and shape of the cam follower fixing member 34 are as described above. It was complicated.
[0012]
(4) Since the lost motion spring (43) for urging the cam follower 22 toward the backward movement is provided on the outer periphery of the cam follower 22 and the guide cylinder 42, the outer diameter of the cam follower 22 guided by the guide cylinder 42 is reduced. It was necessary and it was disadvantageous in strength.
[0013]
(5) Since there is no means for preventing the cam follower 22 from being removed from the rocker arm body 16, the cam follower 22 is detached from the rocker arm body 16 when the assembled one shown in FIG. 19 is assembled to or removed from the internal combustion engine. There was a risk of falling.
[0014]
An object of the present invention is to provide a valve characteristic control device for an internal combustion engine that can solve the above-described problems.
[0015]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a valve characteristic control device for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention is configured such that a rocker arm is swingably attached to a rocker shaft, and the rocker arm is rocked on a camshaft provided away from the rocker shaft. The rocker arm has a cam follower that is pressed by the cam in the pressing direction and the return direction. Vertical reciprocating sliding The rocker arm is inserted into the cam follower Vertical reciprocating sliding On the track Vertical reciprocating sliding Block Restrains relative movement between the cam follower and the rocker arm Restraint position and cam follower Vertical reciprocating sliding Evacuate from the track Vertical reciprocating sliding Allow Permissible relative movement between cam follower and rocker arm Between the allowable positions to be Vertical reciprocating sliding And orthogonal direction , And perpendicular to the axis of the rocker arm A movable cam follower fixing member is provided, and the following means are further adopted with the above as a common main part.
[0016]
(1) The rocker arm is provided with a stopper that comes into contact with the cam follower fixing member and stops the cam follower fixing member at the restraining position before the cam follower fixing member moving to the restraining position side contacts the side surface of the cam follower. Examples of the stopper include a C-ring of the first embodiment described later, and a spring receiving member of the third and fourth embodiments, but are not limited thereto.
[0017]
(2) The cam follower fixing member is configured such that the side surface of the cam follower fixing member abuts on the end surface on the forward side of the cam follower at the restrained position, the corner formed by the side surface and the end surface of the cam follower fixing member, and the end surface and side surface of the cam follower Are formed in a circular arc shape having substantially the same curvature.
[0018]
(3) A contact surface is formed on the side surface of the cam follower fixing member so that the end surface on the forward side of the cam follower contacts at the restraining position, and a spring accommodating hole is formed at a lower portion than the contact surface of the cam follower fixing member. A return spring that biases the cam follower fixing member toward the allowable position side By being stored in the spring storage hole It is provided below the end surface on the forward side of the cam follower.
[0019]
(4) A lost motion spring that biases the cam follower toward the backward movement side is provided on the same core as the cam follower, and a cylindrical cover that covers the outer periphery of the lost motion spring and reciprocates with the cam follower is provided on the cam follower. Is guided to the rocker arm.
[0020]
(5) A roller pressed by a cam different from the cam is rotatably supported on the rocker arm, and the rocker arm is provided with an oil groove extending from the vicinity of the roller to the vicinity of the valve driven by the rocker arm. It is done.
[0021]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The internal combustion engine to be implemented is a so-called four-valve type with two intake valves and two exhaust valves per cylinder. Although the valve characteristic control device is provided on both the intake valve side and the exhaust valve side, since the basic configuration is the same on either side, only the valve characteristic control device on the intake valve side is illustrated and described for convenience.
[0022]
First, FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 show a valve characteristic control device of a first embodiment that performs three-stage switching between low speed, medium speed, and high speed. As shown in FIG. 1, the camshaft 11 is provided with a medium speed cam 12 and a high speed cam 14 on both sides of the low speed cam 13, respectively.
[0023]
The medium speed cam 12, the low speed cam 13, and the high speed cam 14 are provided with cam faces so that the valve timing and the valve lift amount are different. In other words, the low-speed cam 13 operates at a low speed, and the valve closing timing is earlier so that the valve opening timing of the intake valve is slower than the high-speed cam 14 than the high speed cam 14 that operates at a high speed. Is set to Further, the low speed cam 13 is set so that the valve lift amount is smaller than that of the high speed cam 14. The medium speed cam 12 is set so that the valve timing and the valve lift amount are between the valve timing and the valve lift amount of the low speed cam 13 and the high speed cam 14, respectively.
[0024]
Below the camshaft 11, a rocker shaft 15 is disposed in parallel and spaced apart. On the outer periphery of the rocker shaft 15, a rocker arm main body 16 is inserted so as to be swingable. A roller 17 is rotatably supported on the upper surface of the central portion of the rocker arm main body 16 so as to be able to contact the low-speed cam 13. A pair of arm portions 18 are integrally extended from the center of the upper surface of the rocker arm main body 16, and a pressing contact portion 19 is connected to the distal end portion of the arm portion 18. An intake valve 20 is disposed below the pressing contact portion 19, and the intake valve 20 is opened and closed by the pressing contact portion 19.
[0025]
On both side portions of the rocker arm main body 16, two guide holes 21 having a circular cross section are formed on the upper surfaces of both sides downward. Two sliding holes 24 having a circular cross section are formed in both sides of the rocker arm body 16 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the rocker shaft 15 (see FIGS. 2 and 3). Each sliding hole 24 communicates with the lower portion of each guide hole 21. A cylindrical guide cylinder 42 is fitted and fixed in each guide hole 21, and a medium-speed cam follower 22 m and a high-speed cam follower 22 h each having a substantially columnar shape are slidably inserted into each guide cylinder 42. Yes. Pressed portions 23 that are in contact with the medium-speed cam 12 and the high-speed cam 14 are formed at the tip portions that are the upper portions of the cam followers 22m and 22h.
[0026]
In addition, coil springs 43 are arranged on the outer circumferences of the guide cylinders 42, and upper and lower ends of the coil springs 43 are engaged with the lower surface of the pressed portion 23 of each cam follower 22 m and 22 h and the upper surface of the rocker arm body 16. The urging force of the coil spring 43 is made smaller than the urging force of a valve spring (not shown) of the intake valve 20, and urges the cam followers 22m and 22h upward. The lower end surface of the guide tube 42 is disposed flush with the upper inner peripheral surface so as not to protrude into the sliding hole 24.
[0027]
Further, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the lower portions of the cam followers 22m and 22h have a total of three side surfaces including a side surface along the axial direction of the sliding hole 24 and a side surface on the hydraulic chambers 26m and 22h described later. It is cut to have a substantially quadrangular prism shape and has a contact leg 41.
[0028]
A medium-speed hydraulic chamber 26m and a high-speed hydraulic chamber 26h are formed on the inner bottom portion of each slide hole 24. The medium-speed hydraulic chamber 26m and the high-speed hydraulic chamber 26h have a common axial center and a circular shape in cross section. The hydraulic chambers 26m and 26h are respectively an oil passage 16a of the rocker arm body 16, an oil passage 15a formed along the axial direction inside the rocker shaft 15 (independent for medium speed and high speed), etc. Through an oil pump (hydraulic drive source) (not shown).
[0029]
A cam follower fixing member 34 having a substantially cylindrical shape as a cam follower restraining member is slidably disposed in each sliding hole 24. In the cam follower fixing member 34, the base end portion has a piston function, and the distal end portion side has both functions of fixing the cam follower. As shown in FIG. 2, the cam follower fixing member 34 is retracted from the reciprocal movement trajectories of the cam followers 22m and 22h, and allowed to reciprocate the cam followers, and as shown in FIG. It is moved on a reciprocating locus of 22h, and is movable between a restraining position where the cam followers 22m and 22h are restrained (moving is prevented) by contacting the lower end surface of the abutting leg 41 on the forward side. Yes.
[0030]
The cam follower fixing member 34 is provided with an engagement groove 44 formed by cutting from the center at the tip thereof, and includes a pair of side pieces 45 sandwiching the engagement groove 44. The end of the engagement groove 44 is located at the center of the cam follower fixing member 34 in the axial direction. Further, a contact portion 46 extending from the end of the engagement groove 44 toward the tip end side is formed between the lower portions of the both side pieces 45, and the upper surface of the contact portion 46 is a contact surface 47 that forms a flat surface. Further, the length of the contact portion 46 from the end surface of the engagement groove 44 is shorter than the length of the side piece 45 from the end surface of the engagement groove 44. A clearance groove 48 is formed between the two.
[0031]
As shown in FIG. 2B, the engagement grooves 44 are always engaged with the contact leg portions 41 of the cam followers 22m and 22h so as to be slidable with each other. That is, each of the cam followers 22m and 22h can move up and down with the contact leg 41 engaged with the engagement groove 44, and the cam follower fixing member 34 contacts the engagement groove 44. With the leg portion 41 engaged, it can reciprocate along the sliding hole 24. Accordingly, the cam followers 22m and 22h are prevented from rotating around the axis of the guide cylinder 42 by restricting the contact leg 41 by the side piece 45.
[0032]
Further, the inner side surface of the side piece 45 that defines the escape groove 48 is a flat surface that is continuous with the inner surface that defines the engagement groove 44, and the cam follower fixing member 34 shown in FIG. It is possible to engage and disengage the contact leg 41 that moves up and down.
[0033]
In the present embodiment, an annular groove 27 is formed on the side of the anti-hydraulic chambers 26m and 26h from the cam followers 22m and 22h of the sliding hole 24, and a C ring 28 as an example of a stopper is fitted into the annular groove 27. The inner diameter of the C ring 28 is smaller than the inner diameter of the sliding hole 24. The C ring 28 contacts the distal end surfaces of both side pieces 45 of the cam follower fixing member 34 before the end of the engagement groove 44 of the cam follower fixing member 34 that moves toward the restraining position contacts the side surfaces of the cam followers 22m and 22h. In contact therewith, the cam follower fixing member 34 is stopped at the restraining position.
[0034]
Further, in the cam follower fixing member 34, a spring accommodation hole 49 is formed along the axial direction of the cam follower fixing member 34 on the end surface of the engagement groove 44 (end surface of the central portion of the cam follower fixing member 34).
[0035]
A spring receiving member 50 is disposed on the side surface of the contact leg 41 on the hydraulic chamber side. As shown in FIG. 3A, the spring receiving member 50 is sized to close the opening 49 a of the spring housing hole 49, and is on the contact surface 47 of the contact portion 46 and inside the side piece 45. The side is slidable. An engaging projection 51 having a truncated cone shape protrudes from the spring receiving member 50. The coil spring 40 is housed in the spring housing hole 49, one end of which is fitted and locked to the engaging protrusion 51 of the spring receiving member 50, and the other end is locked to the inner bottom surface of the spring housing hole 49. The cam follower fixing member 34 is always urged by the coil spring 40 toward the hydraulic chambers 26m and 26h (allowable position side).
[0036]
Further, as shown in FIG. 2A, the vertical thickness β of the contact portion 46 is larger than the movement amount α when the cam followers 22m and 22h are not fixed (when not restrained). In this embodiment, the hydraulic chambers 26m and 26h are configured from the inner bottom surface of each sliding hole 24 to a predetermined length.
[0037]
The rocker arm body 16 and the cam followers 22m and 22h, the hydraulic chambers 26m and 26h, the cam follower fixing member 34, the coil spring 43, the coil spring 40, and the like incorporated in the rocker arm body 16 are supplied from the oil passage 15a of the rocker shaft 15. A valve characteristic control mechanism driven by hydraulic oil is configured. The valve characteristic control mechanism, the medium speed cam 12, the low speed cam 13, the high speed cam 14, the cam shaft 11 and the like constitute a valve characteristic control device.
[0038]
Now, the operation of the valve characteristic control device for an internal combustion engine configured as described above will be described. Since the operations of the cam followers 22m and 22h driven by the medium speed cam 12 and the high speed cam 14 are the same, both cam followers 22m and 22h are alternatively shown in FIG.
[0039]
(1) FIGS. 2A and 2B show the state of the valve characteristic control mechanism on the cam followers 22m, 22h driven by the medium speed cam and the high speed cam when the internal combustion engine is rotating at a low speed. ing. In this state, the supply of hydraulic oil from the oil pump (not shown) through the oil passages 15a and 16a is stopped, and the cam follower fixing member 34 is moved to the inner bottom surfaces of the hydraulic chambers 26m and 26h by the urging force of the coil spring 40. Therefore, the cam follower fixing member 34 is in the allowable position.
[0040]
As a result, each of the cam followers 22m and 22h is in a free state because it is not fixed (restrained) by the cam follower fixing member 34. Even if the cam lift of the medium speed cam 12 and the high speed cam 14 occurs in this state, the intake valve 20 and the rocker arm body 16 are biased by the biasing force of the valve spring of the intake valve 20, so the medium speed cam 12 and the high speed cam 12 Even if the cam followers 22m and 22h are pressed by the pressed portion 23 by the cam 14, against the coil spring 43, a lower position shown by a solid line in FIG. 2A and an upper position shown by a two-dot chain line Move up and down. As a result, the rocker arm body 16 is not driven by the medium speed cam 12 and the high speed cam 14.
[0041]
Therefore, when the cam lift of the low-speed cam 13 occurs, the rocker arm main body 16 swings around the rocker shaft 15 and is driven to open and close the intake valve 20 by being pressed by the cam via the roller 17.
[0042]
(2) Next, FIGS. 3A and 3B show the state of the valve characteristic control mechanism on the side of the medium speed cam follower 22m driven by the medium speed cam 12 when the internal combustion engine is rotating at medium speed. Is shown. In this state, the oil path is switched from the state shown in FIG. 2 by a switching valve (not shown), and hydraulic oil is supplied from an oil pump (not shown) via the oil paths 15a and 16a. On the other hand, the cam follower fixing member 34 is separated from the inner bottom surface of the medium-speed hydraulic chamber 26m, and therefore the cam follower fixing member 34 is in a restrained position.
[0043]
The transition from the state of FIG. 2 to the state of FIG. 3 is performed when the cam lift of the medium speed cam 12 has not occurred. When the cam lift of the medium-speed cam 12 is not generated, the medium-speed cam follower 22m is positioned on the two-dot chain line in FIG. 2A due to the urging force of the coil spring 43, and the lower part is a solid line in FIG. Located in position.
[0044]
In this state, when the oil passage is switched and hydraulic oil is supplied from an oil pump (not shown) via the oil passages 15a and 16a, the cam follower fixing member 34 is actuated hydraulically against the coil spring 40. The When the cam follower fixing member 34 slides in the sliding hole 24 (including the medium speed hydraulic chamber 26m), the cam follower fixing member 34 moves while sliding the contact leg 41 of the medium speed cam follower 22m in the engagement groove 44. While the terminal end of the engaging groove 44 of the cam follower fixing member 34 that moves to the restraint position side does not come into contact with the side surface of the medium speed cam follower 22m via the spring receiving member 50, the C ring 28 is connected to both side pieces of the cam follower fixing member 34. The cam follower fixing member 34 is stopped at the restraining position by coming into contact with the front end surface of 45. The cam follower fixing member 34 abuts against the surface of the abutting leg 41 of the medium speed cam follower 22m at the abutting surface 47 of the abutting portion 46 and restrains the medium speed cam follower 22m. 2A and 3A, the medium speed cam 12 is omitted for convenience of explanation, but the pressed portion 23 is always in contact with the medium speed cam 12. The medium-speed cam follower 22m does not move upward from the solid line position in FIG.
[0045]
Next, when the cam lift of the medium-speed cam 12 occurs, the medium-speed cam follower 22m is restrained by the cam follower fixing member 34, and is fixed integrally with the rocker arm main body 16, so that the rocker arm main body 16 is swung. Thus, the intake valve 20 is operated. At this time, as described above, the end of the engaging groove 44 of the cam follower fixing member 34 is not in contact with the side surfaces of the cam followers 22m and 22h via the spring receiving member 50. Therefore, as shown by the arrows in FIG. However, even if the medium speed cam 12 is slid by the sliding contact, the cam follower fixing member 34 is not pushed back to the allowable position side, and no abnormal behavior occurs.
[0046]
When the cam lift of the medium speed cam 12 occurs, the medium speed cam follower 22m is pressed by the pressed portion 23 from the medium speed cam 12, and this pressing force is a cam follower fixing member that is in contact with the lower part of the medium speed cam follower 22m. The contact part 46 of 34 receives. As shown in FIG. 3, the cam follower fixing member 34 is supported by the inner peripheral lower portion 24 a of the sliding hole 24, that is, the rocker arm body 16. Only the compression force acts between the inner peripheral surface lower portion 24a as the support portion and the medium-speed cam follower 22m, and no shear force acts on the cam follower fixing member 34.
[0047]
(3) Next, the state in which the internal combustion engine is rotating at high speed can also be described with reference to FIG. In this state, from the medium speed state, the oil passage is switched by a switching valve (not shown), and hydraulic oil is supplied from an oil pump (not shown) through the oil passages 15a and 16a. On the contrary, the cam follower fixing member 34 is separated from the inner bottom surface of the high-speed hydraulic chamber 26h. Therefore, the cam follower fixing member 34 is located at the restraining position.
[0048]
Therefore, in the description of the medium speed state, the medium speed cam 12 is replaced with the high speed cam 14, the medium speed cam follower 22m is replaced with the high speed cam follower 22h, and the medium speed hydraulic chamber 26m is replaced with the high speed hydraulic chamber 26h. The high speed cam follower 22h is restrained by the action according to the state, the rocker arm body 16 is swung by the high speed cam 14, and the intake valve 20 is operated. Even if the cam follower 22 is cocked by the sliding contact of the high-speed cam 14, the cam follower fixing member 34 is not pushed back to the allowable position side, and no abnormal behavior occurs.
[0049]
(4) Next, when transitioning from the state of FIG. 3 to the state of FIG. 2, when the oil passage is switched by a switching valve (not shown) and the supply of hydraulic oil from an oil pump (not shown) is stopped, the coil spring 40 Due to this urging force, the cam follower fixing member 34 moves until it abuts against the inner bottom surface of each hydraulic chamber 26m, 26h. Accordingly, the cam follower fixing member 34 is in a state where it is positioned at the allowable position, and is in the low speed state.
[0050]
In addition, the valve characteristic control device of the present embodiment also has the following effects.
[0051]
{Circle around (1)} The cam follower fixing member 34 may be formed of a round bar, and the sliding hole 24 may be processed into a circular cross section. Therefore, these processes and assembly can be easily performed.
[0052]
(2) Since the cam follower fixing member 34 has both a piston function and a cam follower fixing function with a single member, the number of parts and the number of assembling steps can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced.
[0053]
(3) The cam follower fixing member 34 is not subjected to a shearing force because only a compressive force acts between the sliding hole inner peripheral surface lower portion 24a of the sliding hole 24 and the cam followers 22m and 22h. Therefore, it is not necessary to give the sliding hole 24 high rigidity to withstand the shearing force, and it is not necessary to increase the cross-sectional area, so that the cam follower fixing member 34 can be reduced in size and weight.
[0054]
(4) The cam followers 22m and 22h can prevent rotation around the axis of the guide cylinder 42 by restricting the contact leg 41 with the both side pieces 45, so that other parts for preventing the rotation are provided. Is unnecessary.
[0055]
Next, the valve characteristic control device of the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 is different from the first embodiment in each structure of the cam followers 22m and 22h, the cam follower fixing member 34, and the spring receiving member 50. About a part which is common in 1st embodiment, description and a part of illustration are abbreviate | omitted.
[0056]
The contact leg portions 41 of the respective cam followers 22m and 22h are basically formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, instead of being cut into a flat shape on the three side surfaces as in the first embodiment. The corner portion 41a formed by the lower end surface on the forward side and the side surfaces on the hydraulic chambers 26m and 26h has an arc shape. However, both side edges along the axial center direction of the sliding hole 24 on the lower end surface of the contact leg portion 41 are chamfered so as to be accommodated in the sliding hole 24. Further, the middle part of the side surface of the contact leg 41 on the side of the hydraulic chambers 26m, 22h is cut into a small rectangular flat surface to form a recess 41b, and the lower end surface of the recess 41b is a locking engagement surface 41c. It has become.
[0057]
The cam follower fixing member 34 is simplified in shape by omitting the side piece 45 and the relief groove 48 in the first embodiment. On the other hand, the central portion of the end surface of the contact portion 46 is recessed in the shape of a circular arc so that the corner portion 46a formed by the contact surface 47 (side surface) and the end surface of the contact portion 46 becomes the corner portion 41a. It is formed in an arc shape having substantially the same curvature.
[0058]
The spring receiving member 50 has a central portion of the surface on the abutting leg portion side, except for the upper portion thereof, recessed in an arc shape in cross section, and the upper portion is a planar retaining engagement portion 50a. In the present embodiment, the cam followers 22m and 22h are prevented from rotating by the contact preventing portion 50a coming into contact with the recess 41b of the contact leg portion 41.
[0059]
The operation of the valve characteristic control device according to the present embodiment will be described with a focus on the portions that are different from those of the first embodiment, with the portions that are common to the operations of the first embodiment simplified.
[0060]
(1) FIGS. 5A, 5B, and 5C show a low-speed state of the internal combustion engine corresponding to FIG. 2 of the first embodiment, and the cam follower fixing member 34 is located at the allowable position. Each of the cam followers 22m and 22h is in a free state, and even when pressed by the medium speed cam 12 and the high speed cam 14, it moves up and down between a lower position shown by a solid line and an upper position shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. Move. Accordingly, the rocker arm body 16 is pressed by the low speed cam 13 via the roller 17 and swings about the rocker shaft 15 to drive the intake valve to open and close.
[0061]
(2) Next, FIGS. 6A, 6B, and 6C show a medium speed state of the internal combustion engine corresponding to FIG. 3 of the first embodiment, and the cam follower fixing member 34 is located at the restraining position. When the cam follower fixing member 34 starts to slide in the sliding hole 24, the corner 46a of the cam follower fixing member 34 and the corner 41a of the medium speed cam follower 22m may come into strong contact with each other. However, both the corners 46a and 41a are formed in an arc shape having substantially the same curvature, and the contact distance in a predetermined space is longer than in the case of the conventional linear shape. Unlike the first embodiment, the cam follower fixing member 34 stops at the restrained position when the end of the engagement groove 44 abuts against the side surface of the medium speed cam follower 22m via the spring receiving member 50. When the medium-speed cam follower 22m is pressed by the medium-speed cam 12, the rocker arm main body 16 swings together with the medium-speed cam follower 22m, and opens and closes the intake valve.
[0062]
(3) Next, the high-speed state of the internal combustion engine can also be described with reference to FIG. That is, in the description of the medium speed state, the medium speed cam 12 is replaced with the high speed cam 14 and the medium speed cam follower 22m is replaced with the high speed cam follower 22h, whereby the high speed cam follower 22h is constrained by the action according to the medium speed state. The rocker arm body 16 is swung by the high-speed cam 14 and the intake valve is operated. Even during this transition, wear and deformation of both corners 46a and 41a are unlikely to occur.
[0063]
(4) Next, when shifting from the state of FIG. 6 to the state of FIG. 5, the cam follower fixing member 34 is moved by the urging force of the coil spring 40 until it abuts against the inner bottom surfaces of the hydraulic chambers 26 m and 26 h. Accordingly, the cam follower fixing member 34 is in a state where it is positioned at the allowable position, and is in the low speed state. Even during this transition, wear and deformation of both corners 46a and 41a are unlikely to occur.
[0064]
In addition, in the present embodiment, when the cam followers 22m and 22h are inserted into the rocker arm body 16, the cam followers 22m and 22h are inserted into the guide cylinder 42 while the spring receiving member 50 is pushed in from the sliding hole 24 to prevent the cam followers 22m and 22h. What is necessary is just to make it the engagement surface 41c exceed the engagement part 50a for prevention. After the insertion, even if the cam followers 22m and 22h try to come out of the rocker arm main body 16, the retaining engagement surface 41c engages with the retaining engagement portion 50a to prevent the removal. Therefore, when the assembled valve characteristic control apparatus as shown in FIG. 5 is assembled to or removed from the internal combustion engine, the cam follower 22 is not likely to be detached and separated, and the workability is improved.
[0065]
Next, the valve characteristic control device of the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 to 10 is different from the first embodiment in the structures of the cam followers 22m and 22h, the cam follower fixing member 34, and the spring receiving member 50. About a part which is common in 1st embodiment, description and a part of illustration are abbreviate | omitted.
[0066]
The contact leg portion 41 of each cam follower 22m, 22h has a central portion of a substantially cylindrical lower end surface cut out in a rectangular cross section along the axial direction of the sliding hole 24, so that a pair of side pieces 41d An end face 41e is formed.
[0067]
The cam follower fixing member 34 is simplified in shape by omitting the side piece 45 and the relief groove 48 in the first embodiment. On the other hand, on both sides of the cam follower fixing member 34, planar guide surfaces 34a are formed along the axial direction of the sliding hole 24, and the both side pieces 41d are slidably fitted to the cam follower 22m, The rotation of 22h is prevented. Further, a flat contact surface 47 is formed at a relatively high position at the center of the cam follower fixing member 34, and a flat relief surface 34 b is formed at a position lower than the contact surface 47 at the end of the cam follower fixing member 34. Is formed. A spring accommodation hole 49 is formed in a portion of the cam follower fixing member 34 below the contact surface 47 (and hence a portion below the inner end surface 41e), and the coil spring 40 is accommodated as a return spring.
[0068]
The spring receiving member 50 is attached to the anti-hydraulic chambers 26m and 26h from the cam follower 22 of the sliding hole 24, and a recess 52 into which the coil spring 40 is fitted is formed instead of the engaging protrusion 51 of the first embodiment. Has been. The spring receiving member 50 also functions as a stopper for the cam follower fixing member 34.
[0069]
The operation of the valve characteristic control device according to the present embodiment will be described with a focus on the portions that are different from those of the first embodiment, with the portions that are common to the operations of the first embodiment simplified.
[0070]
(1) FIGS. 8A, 8B, and 8C show a low-speed state of the internal combustion engine corresponding to FIG. 2 of the first embodiment, and the contact surface 47 of the cam follower fixing member 34 is located at the allowable position. The flank 34b is positioned below the cam followers 22m and 22h, but does not contact the forwardly moving inner end surface 41e. Therefore, it cannot be said that the flank 34b is positioned on the reciprocal movement locus of the cam followers 22m and 22h. Therefore, each cam follower 22m, 22h is in a free state, and even when pressed by the medium speed cam 12 and the high speed cam 14, it is between the lower position indicated by the solid line and the upper position indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. Move up and down. Accordingly, the rocker arm body 16 is pressed by the low speed cam 13 via the roller 17 and swings about the rocker shaft 15 to drive the intake valve to open and close.
[0071]
(2) Next, FIGS. 9A, 9B, and 9C show a medium speed state of the internal combustion engine corresponding to FIG. 3 of the first embodiment, and the contact surface 47 of the cam follower fixing member 34 is in a restrained position. Located in. Before the end of the engaging groove 44 of the cam follower fixing member 34 moving to the restraining position contacts the side surface of the medium speed cam follower 22m, the spring receiving member 50 contacts the tip surface of the cam follower fixing member 34, and the cam follower The fixing member 34 is stopped at the restraining position. The contact surface 47 contacts the inner end surface 41e of the medium speed cam follower 22m and restrains the medium speed cam follower 22m. When the medium-speed cam follower 22m is pressed by the medium-speed cam 12, the rocker arm main body 16 swings together with the medium-speed cam follower 22m, and opens and closes the intake valve.
[0072]
(3) Next, the high-speed state of the internal combustion engine can also be described with reference to FIG. That is, in the description of the medium speed state, the medium speed cam 12 is replaced with the high speed cam 14 and the medium speed cam follower 22m is replaced with the high speed cam follower 22h, whereby the high speed cam follower 22h is constrained by the action according to the medium speed state. The rocker arm body 16 is swung by the high-speed cam 14 and the intake valve is operated. Even during this transition, wear and deformation of both corners 46a and 41a are unlikely to occur.
[0073]
(4) Next, when shifting from the state of FIG. 9 to the state of FIG. 8, the urging force of the coil spring 40 moves until the cam follower fixing member 34 comes into contact with the inner bottom surfaces of the hydraulic chambers 26m and 26h. Accordingly, the contact surface 47 of the cam follower fixing member 34 is located at the allowable position, and is in the low speed state. Even during this transition, wear and deformation of both corners 46a and 41a are unlikely to occur.
[0074]
According to the present embodiment, the shape of the cam follower fixing member 34 is greatly simplified by providing the coil spring 40 below the inner end surfaces 41e of the cam followers 22m and 22h. Further, since the spring receiving member 50 also functions as a stopper for the cam follower fixing member 34, the number of parts can be reduced.
[0075]
In addition, as in the modification shown in FIG. 11, the contact surface 47 of the cam follower fixing member 34 and the inner end surfaces 41e of the cam followers 22m and 22h are both formed in a circular arc shape to increase the contact area. it can.
[0076]
Next, in the valve characteristic control device of the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. 12 to 14, each structure of the cam followers 22m and 22h, the cam follower fixing member 34, and the spring receiving member 50, and the cylindrical cover 53 on the cam followers 22m and 22h. In the point provided, it is different from 3rd embodiment, and a part of description and illustration is abbreviate | omitted about the part which is common in 1st embodiment and 3rd embodiment.
[0077]
The contact leg portion 41 of each cam follower 22m, 22h is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and a coil spring 43 that urges the cam follower 22m, 22h toward the backward movement side is provided concentrically with the cam follower 22m, 22h. Furthermore, the cam follower 22m. A cylindrical cover 53 that reciprocates along with 22h is fixed to cam followers 22m and 22h at an upper end wall 53a, and the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical cover 53 is guided to the guide hole 21 of the rocker arm body 16 (the guide cylinder). 42). Therefore, the outer diameter of the cylindrical cover 53 guided by the guide hole 21 is thicker than the outer diameter of the cam follower 22 guided by the conventional guide cylinder 42, which is advantageous in strength and hardly causes a cock.
[0078]
The cam follower fixing member 34 has a structure in which the spring accommodating hole 49 of the cam follower fixing member 34 of the first embodiment is moved to a lower part than the contact surface 47 like the cam follower fixing member 34 of the third embodiment.
[0079]
The spring receiving member 50 has a flat plate shape and is simplified from the spring receiving member 50 of the third embodiment.
[0080]
Accordingly, since the operation of the valve characteristic control device of this embodiment is basically a combination of the first embodiment and the third embodiment, FIG. 12, corresponding to FIG. 2 and FIG. 8, FIG. FIG. 13 corresponding to FIG.
[0081]
Note that, as in the modification shown in FIG. 15, the contact leg portion 41 can be made slightly thicker, and both side portions thereof can be cut into a flat shape and engaged with the engagement groove 44.
[0082]
Next, FIG. 16 is a first modified example applicable to each of the above embodiments, and is provided with a retaining member that prevents the cam followers 22m and 22h inserted into the rocker arm body from being detached from the rocker arm body. . The retaining member is a C-ring 56 that is fitted in an annular groove 55 formed on the peripheral surface of the cam followers 22m and 22h (or the cylindrical cover 53) so as to be expandable / contractible, and the guide cylinder 42 (or the guide hole 21). A step portion 57 is formed in which the C-ring 56 can be locked from below.
[0083]
As shown in FIG. 16A, when the cam followers 22m and 22h are inserted into the rocker arm body, the C-ring 56 is reduced in diameter in the annular groove 55 to allow the insertion, and FIG. As shown, after insertion, the C ring 56 expands in diameter so as to straddle the annular groove 55 and the stepped portion 57, thereby preventing the cam followers 22m and 22h from being detached from the guide cylinder 42. Therefore, when the valve characteristic control device is assembled to or removed from the internal combustion engine, the cam followers 22m and 22h are not likely to be detached and separated, and the workability is improved.
[0084]
FIG. 17 shows an improved example of the first modification, in which a support groove 58 shallower than the annular groove 55 is provided below the annular groove 55 of FIG. 16, and the C-ring 56 is formed into an annular groove as shown in FIG. The support groove 58 supports the C-ring 56 from the inner periphery to prevent the diameter reduction when it extends over 55 and the stepped portion 57.
[0085]
Next, FIG. 18 shows a second modified example applicable to each of the above-described embodiments. An oil groove extending from the vicinity of the roller 17 to the vicinity of the intake valve 20 is formed in the pressing contact portion 19 of the rocker arm body 16. 60 is provided. Since the lubricating oil accumulated between the roller 17 and the arm portion 18 flows to the vicinity of the intake valve 20 through the oil groove 60, the contact portion between the pressing contact portion 19 and the intake valve 20 can be lubricated. it can.
[0086]
In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, For example, it can also be suitably changed and embodied as follows, for example in the range which does not deviate from the meaning of invention.
(1) To be embodied in a valve characteristic control device that controls only the intake valve or only the exhaust valve.
(2) To be embodied in various valve characteristic control devices such as low-speed / high-speed 2-stage switching, operation / pause 2-stage switching, and low-speed / high-speed / pause 3-stage switching.
[0088]
【The invention's effect】
Claim 1 According to the valve characteristic control device for an internal combustion engine according to the invention, the shape of the cam follower fixing member can be simplified.
[0089]
Claim 2 According to the valve characteristic control device for an internal combustion engine according to the invention, wear and deformation due to contact between the corner of the cam follower and the corner of the cam follower fixing member can be reduced, durability can be improved, and the cam follower fixing member can be improved. The shape can be simplified.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a valve characteristic control device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
2A is a side sectional view of the valve characteristic control device at a low speed, FIG. 2B is a plan sectional view, and FIG.
3A is a side sectional view of the valve characteristic control device at medium speed or high speed, FIG. 3B is a plan sectional view, and FIG. 3C is a front view of the main part.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a cam follower fixing member of the valve characteristic control device.
5A and 5B show a valve characteristic control device according to a second embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 5A is a side sectional view at low speed, FIG. 5B is a plan sectional view, and FIG. is there.
6A is a side sectional view of the valve characteristic control device at medium speed or high speed, FIG. 6B is a plan sectional view of the same, and FIG.
FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of a cam follower and a cam follower fixing member of the valve characteristic control device.
8A and 8B show a valve characteristic control device according to a third embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 8A is a side sectional view at low speed, FIG. is there.
9A is a side sectional view of the valve characteristic control device at a medium speed or a high speed, FIG. 9B is a plan sectional view of the same, and FIG.
FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of a cam follower and a cam follower fixing member of the valve characteristic control device.
FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view of a cam follower and a cam follower fixing member according to a modification of the valve characteristic control device.
FIGS. 12A and 12B show a valve characteristic control apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 12A is a side sectional view at low speed, FIG. is there.
13A is a side sectional view of the valve characteristic control device at medium speed or high speed, FIG. 13B is a plan sectional view, and FIG. 13C is a front view of the main part.
FIG. 14 is an exploded perspective view of a cam follower and a cam follower fixing member of the valve characteristic control device.
FIG. 15 is an exploded perspective view of a cam follower and a cam follower fixing member according to a modification of the valve characteristic control device.
FIGS. 16A and 16B show a first modification applicable to each of the embodiments, wherein FIG. 16A is a cross-sectional view of the main part when the cam follower is inserted, FIG. 16B is a cross-sectional view of the main part after the cam follower is inserted, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a plan view of a C ring.
FIGS. 17A and 17B show an improved example of the first modification, wherein FIG. 17A is a cross-sectional view of the main part when the cam follower is inserted, FIG. 17B is a cross-sectional view of the main part after the cam follower is inserted, and FIG. FIG.
FIG. 18 is a perspective view of relevant parts showing a second modified example applicable to each of the embodiments.
FIGS. 19A and 19B show a valve characteristic control device according to a prior invention of the present invention, in which FIG. 19A is a side sectional view at low speed, and FIG.
20A is a side cross-sectional view of the valve characteristic control device at medium speed or high speed, and FIG. 20B is a flat cross-sectional view of the same.
[Explanation of symbols]
11 Camshaft
12 Medium speed cam
13 Low speed cam
14 High-speed cam
15 Rocker shaft
16 Rocker arm body
17 Laura
18 arms
19 Press contact part
20 Intake valve
21 Guide hole
22h High-speed cam follower
22m medium speed cam follower
24 Sliding hole
28 C-ring as a stopper
34 Cam follower fixing member
40 Coil spring as return spring
41 Contact leg
41a Corner
41e inner end face
42 Guide tube
43 Coil spring as a lost motion spring
46 Contact part
46a Corner
47 Contact surface
49 Spring storage hole
50 Spring receiving member
50a Engaging portion for retaining as a retaining member
53 Cylindrical cover
55 annular groove
56 C-ring
57 steps
60 Oil groove

Claims (2)

ロッカシャフトにロッカアームが揺動可能に挿着され、
前記ロッカシャフトとは離間して設けられたカムシャフトに前記ロッカアームを揺動させるカムが設けられ、
前記ロッカアームには、前記カムにより押圧されるカムフォロワがその押圧方向及び戻り方向に上下往復摺動可能に挿着され、
前記ロッカアームには、前記カムフォロワの前記上下往復摺動軌跡上に繰出して前記上下往復摺動を阻止しカムフォロワとロッカアームとの相対移動を拘束する拘束位置と、前記カムフォロワの前記上下往復摺動軌跡上から退避して前記上下往復摺動を許容しカムフォロワとロッカアームとの相対移動を許容する許容位置との間において、前記上下往復摺動とは直交方向、且つロッカシャフトの軸線とも直交方向に移動可能なカムフォロワ固定部材が設けられ、
前記カムフォロワ固定部材の側面に、前記拘束位置で前記カムフォロワの往動側の端面が当接する当接面が形成され、
前記カムフォロワ固定部材における当接面より下方部位にバネ収納孔が形成され、
前記カムフォロワ固定部材を前記許容位置側へ付勢するリターンスプリングが、前記バネ収納孔に収納されることで前記カムフォロワの往動側の端面より下方に設けられたことを特徴とする内燃機関のバルブ特性制御装置。
A rocker arm is pivotally attached to the rocker shaft,
A cam that swings the rocker arm is provided on a camshaft that is spaced apart from the rocker shaft,
A cam follower pressed by the cam is inserted into the rocker arm so as to be slidable up and down in the pressing direction and the return direction.
The rocker arm includes a restraining position that extends on the vertical reciprocating sliding locus of the cam follower to prevent the vertical reciprocating sliding and restricts relative movement between the cam follower and the rocker arm, and on the vertical reciprocating sliding locus of the cam follower. It is possible to move in the direction orthogonal to the vertical reciprocating sliding and the axis of the rocker shaft between the allowable position allowing the vertical reciprocating sliding and allowing the cam follower and the rocker arm to move relative to each other. Cam follower fixing member is provided,
On the side surface of the cam follower fixing member, an abutting surface is formed in which the forward end surface of the cam follower abuts at the restraining position.
A spring accommodating hole is formed in a lower part than the contact surface in the cam follower fixing member,
A valve for an internal combustion engine, wherein a return spring that biases the cam follower fixing member toward the permissible position is provided below the end face on the forward side of the cam follower by being housed in the spring housing hole. Characteristic control device.
ロッカシャフトにロッカアームが揺動可能に挿着され、
前記ロッカシャフトとは離間して設けられたカムシャフトに前記ロッカアームを揺動させるカムが設けられ、
前記ロッカアームには、前記カムにより押圧されるカムフォロワがその押圧方向及び戻り方向に上下往復摺動可能に挿着され、
前記ロッカアームには、前記カムフォロワの前記上下往復摺動軌跡上に繰出して前記上下往復摺動を阻止しカムフォロワとロッカアームとの相対移動を拘束する拘束位置と、前記カムフォロワの前記上下往復摺動軌跡上から退避して前記上下往復摺動を許容しカムフォロワとロッカアームとの相対移動を許容する許容位置との間において、前記上下往復摺動とは直交方向、且つロッカシャフトの軸線とも直交方向に移動可能なカムフォロワ固定部材が設けられ、
前記カムフォロワ固定部材の側面に、前記拘束位置で前記カムフォロワの往動側の端面が当接する当接面が形成され、
前記カムフォロワ固定部材における当接面より下方部位にバネ収納孔が形成され、
前記カムフォロワ固定部材の側面と端面とで作る角部と、前記カムフォロワの往動側の端面と側面とで作る角部とが、共に略同一曲率の円弧状に形成され、
前記カムフォロワ固定部材を前記許容位置側へ付勢するリターンスプリングが、前記バネ収納孔に収納されることで前記カムフォロワの往動側の端面より下方に設けられたことを特徴とする内燃機関のバルブ特性制御装置。
A rocker arm is pivotally attached to the rocker shaft,
A cam that swings the rocker arm is provided on a camshaft that is spaced apart from the rocker shaft,
A cam follower pressed by the cam is inserted into the rocker arm so as to be slidable up and down in the pressing direction and the return direction.
The rocker arm includes a restraining position that extends on the vertical reciprocating sliding locus of the cam follower to prevent the vertical reciprocating sliding and restricts relative movement between the cam follower and the rocker arm, and on the vertical reciprocating sliding locus of the cam follower. It is possible to move in the direction orthogonal to the vertical reciprocating sliding and the axis of the rocker shaft between the allowable position allowing the vertical reciprocating sliding and allowing the cam follower and the rocker arm to move relative to each other. Cam follower fixing member is provided,
On the side surface of the cam follower fixing member, an abutting surface is formed in which the forward end surface of the cam follower abuts at the restraining position.
A spring accommodating hole is formed in a lower part than the contact surface in the cam follower fixing member,
The corner portion formed by the side surface and the end surface of the cam follower fixing member and the corner portion formed by the end surface and the side surface on the forward side of the cam follower are both formed in an arc shape having substantially the same curvature,
A valve for an internal combustion engine, wherein a return spring that biases the cam follower fixing member toward the permissible position is provided below the end face on the forward side of the cam follower by being housed in the spring housing hole. Characteristic control device.
JP2002337521A 2002-11-21 2002-11-21 Valve characteristic control device for internal combustion engine Expired - Fee Related JP3998095B2 (en)

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