JP3996527B2

JP3996527B2 - Switchgear

Info

Publication number: JP3996527B2
Application number: JP2003047720A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 厚二中島; 一孝藤澤
Original assignee: Bunka Shutter Co Ltd
Current assignee: Bunka Shutter Co Ltd
Priority date: 2003-02-25
Filing date: 2003-02-25
Publication date: 2007-10-24
Anticipated expiration: 2023-02-25
Also published as: JP2004257070A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、開閉体をガイドレールに沿って開閉動作させることにより、空間を仕切ったり開放したりする開閉装置に関し、特に所謂スクリーンシャッター装置として好適な開閉装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、この種の発明には、シート状の開閉体と、該開閉体を開閉方向へ案内するガイドレールと、前記開閉体の幅方向の端部側に開閉方向にわたって複数設けられるとともに、前記開閉体が前記ガイドレールから離れる方向へ移動した際に前記ガイドレール内に当接する複数の抜止部とを備えたものがある（例えば、特許文献１参照。）。
ところで、上記のような開閉装置の設置状況においては、例えば火災の発生等により開閉体の内外に気圧の差を生じた場合、開閉体の中央側が、気圧の低い空間側へ略弓状に撓んで膨れ出る現象が発生する。
詳細には、開閉体の幅方向（開閉体の開閉方向と略直交する方向であって、開閉体の厚さ方向ではない方向）において、その中央側が気圧の低い空間側へ略弓状に撓むようにして膨れ出し、開閉体の開閉方向（前記幅方向に略直交する方向）においても、その中央側が気圧の低い空間側へ略弓状に撓むようにして膨れ出る。そして、開閉体には、開閉体の幅方向及び開閉方向の成分を含んだ張力が作用する。
したがって、上記従来技術によれば、例えば、上記気圧の低い側の空間に物体がある場合に、その物体に膨れ出た開閉体が接触し、開閉体と前記物体との当接音を発生したり、前記接触により開閉体や前記物体が損傷したりするおそれがあった。
【０００３】
そこで、上記複数の抜止部とガイドレール内の当接面との間隔を狭めることで、ガイドレール内における全ての抜止部の移動量を小さくし、開閉体が上記のようにして開閉体厚さ方向へ膨れ出る量（以下、膨出量と称する）を抑制することが提案される。
しかしながら、この場合には、内外の気圧の差に起因して開閉体に作用する張力が、開閉体の全体にわたって大きくなるため、例えば開閉体に形成された避難用開口部の隅部分や、抜止部材の付け根、開閉体の下端側に止着された座板部材の付け根近傍等の部位に応力が集中し、その部位が引き裂かれてしまうおそれがある上、開閉体全体の中の予測できない箇所に応力が集中し、その箇所が引き裂かれてしまうおそれもある。したがって、堅実に開閉体を補強するには、開閉体全体の肉厚を増して、開閉体を全体的に増強する必要があり、このことが、コストアップの要因となってしまう。
【０００４】
【特許文献１】
特開平１１−１３１９４４号公報
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は上記従来事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、その課題とする処は、低コストな簡素構造でもって、内外の気圧の差等に起因する開閉体の膨れ出しを抑制できる上、張力による開閉体の損傷を回避することができる開閉装置を提供することにある。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するために第一の発明では、可撓性を有するシート状の開閉体と、該開閉体による閉鎖時に該開閉体の幅方向の端部を囲むガイドレールと、前記開閉体の幅方向の端部側に開閉方向に間隔を置いて複数設けられるとともに、前記開閉体が前記ガイドレールから離れる方向へ移動した際に前記ガイドレール内に係合する抜止部とを備えた開閉装置において、前記複数の抜止部の内の一部の抜止部は、前記ガイドレールから離れる方向への移動量が、他の抜止部における同方向への移動量よりも小さく設定され、前記一部の抜止部は、前記開閉体における開閉方向の中央又は中央近傍に配置されていることを特徴とする。
【０００７】
ここで、本発明における開閉装置とは、上記開閉体の開閉動作により空間を仕切ったり開放したりする装置を意味し、この開閉装置には、上記開閉体が開動作のみを行う態様や、上記開閉体が閉動作のみを行う態様、上記開閉体が開動作と閉動作との双方を行う態様等を含む。
尚、上記開閉体の開閉方向は、略垂直方向とするのが好ましく、更には閉鎖方向が下降方向でありことがより好ましいが、略水平方向あるいは斜め方向とすることも可能である。
【０００８】
また、上記開閉体は、幅方向の端部を囲むガイドレールによって開閉方向へ案内され、空間を仕切ったり開放したりするものであればよく、この開閉体の具体例としては、スラットを開閉方向に複数連設してなる開閉体や、単数もしくは複数のパネルからなる開閉体、シート状物からなる開閉体、これらスラット、パネル、シート状物等を適宜に組み合わせてなる開閉体等が挙げられる。
そして、この開閉体は、上記態様の何れのものであっても構わないが、内外の気圧の差等による開閉体の膨れ出しを抑制する効果をより発揮するものとしては、可撓性を有する部材からなる開閉体であることが好ましく、特にシート状物からなる開閉体であることが好ましい。
【０００９】
また、上記幅方向とは、上記開閉体の開閉方向と略直交する方向であって、上記開閉体の厚さ方向ではない方向を意味し、以下に記載される同様の表現の箇所も同じ意味とする。
【００１０】
また、「上記開閉体が前記ガイドレールから離れる方向」とは、上記開閉体が上記ガイドレールから開閉体幅方向に抜ける方向のことを意味する。すなわち、上記開閉体が風圧や該開閉体内外の気圧の差等によって厚さ方向へ撓んだ際、この開閉体の幅方向の端部は、上記ガイドレールから開閉体幅方向に抜ける方向へ移動しようとするが、このような場合における開閉体の移動方向を示すものである。
そして、この移動方向には、上記開閉体が単純に幅方向に移動する場合の方向や、上記開閉体が風圧等の影響により幅方向と厚さ方向との両成分を併せ持った方向へ移動する場合の方向等を含む。
【００１１】
また、上記抜止部とは、上記開閉体の幅方向の端部側に設けられ、ガイドレール内に係合することで上記開閉体が該ガイドレールから抜け出ることを防止するものであればよい。
この抜止部の具体例としては、上記開閉体の幅方向の端部側に、上記開閉体の厚さ方向に突出する凸部を設け、上記開閉体がガイドレールから離れる方向へ移動した際に、前記凸部の先端側を、ガイドレール内に当接させるようにした態様が挙げられる。尚、この態様において、前記凸部は、前記のようにしてガイドレール内に当接するようにすれば、上記開閉体の表面または裏面のみに設けられていてもよいし、上記開閉体の両面に設けられていてもよい。
【００１２】
また、「前記ガイドレール内に係合する抜止部」には、上記ガイドレールの内面に直接係合するようにした抜止部と、上記ガイドレール内における緩衝部材や他の部材に係合するようにした抜止部との双方を含む。
【００１３】
また、「前記複数の抜止部の内の一部の抜止部は、前記方向への移動量が、他の抜止部における前記方向への移動量よりも小さく設定されている」とは、より具体的に説明すれば、上記抜止部と上記ガイドレール内で上記抜止部に係合される部位との間隔を、上記複数の抜止部の内の一部の抜止部については他の抜止部よりも短く設定する。
また、前記のようにして移動量を小さく設定した上記一部の抜止部は、複数であってもよいし、単数であってもよい。
また、上記一部の抜止部を複数とし、その複数の抜止部の移動量を段階的に小さくすることで、開閉体における部分的な膨出量を適宜に調整するようにしてもよい。
【００１４】
更に、第二の発明では、可撓性を有するシート状の開閉体と、該開閉体による閉鎖時に該開閉体の幅方向の端部を囲むガイドレールと、前記開閉体の幅方向の端部側に開閉方向に間隔を置いて複数設けられるとともに、前記開閉体が前記ガイドレールから離れる方向へ移動した際に前記ガイドレール内に係合する抜止部とを備えた開閉装置において、前記複数の抜止部の内の一部の抜止部は、前記ガイドレールから離れる方向への移動量が、他の抜止部における同方向への移動量よりも小さく設定され、前記開閉体には、開口部と、該開口部を開閉可能にすべく吊り下げられた扉体とが備えられ、前記一部の抜止部は、前記扉体の上端側の止着部に略対応するように開閉体開閉方向の位置が設定されていることを特徴とする。
【００１５】
ここで、上記開口部とは、上記開閉体におけるシート状の部位に、切欠や、切抜き、切込み、スリット等、貫通状の加工を施すことにより開口された部位を意味する。
そして、この開口部には、比較的大きく形成されて例えば人や物等を通過可能にした開口部や、比較的小さく形成されて例えば覗き窓に用いるようにした開口部等を含む。
また、「該開口部を開閉可能にすべく吊り下げられた扉体」とは、上記扉体が部分的に上記開閉体に固定されることで、上記扉体の下部側が吊り下げられた状態にあり、この下部側が押す、引く、捲る等されることにより上記開口部を開放し、同下部側の自重により上記開口部が閉鎖されるようにした構成を意味する。そして、この構成には、例えば、上記扉体の上端側のみを上記開閉体本体に固定した態様や、上記扉体の上端側と一方の側端側とを上記開閉体本体に固定した態様等を含む。
また、この扉体は、上記開閉体とは別体の物が部分的に上記開閉体に接続されたものでもよいし、上記開閉体に切込みを形成し、その切込みに沿う部位が開閉されるようにしたもの、すなわち上記開閉体に一体に設けられたものであってもよい。
また、上記扉体の材質は、限定されるものでなく、例えば、シート状物や、プラスチック材料、金属材料等を含むが、上記扉体を開閉体における開口部の周囲の部位に近接させて上記扉体による上記開口部の閉鎖性をより良好にする効果を発揮するものとしては、開閉方向の可撓性を有する材料であることが好ましく、特にシート状物であることが好ましい。
【００１６】
また、「前記扉体の上端側の止着部」とは、上記扉体の上端側の部位であって、上記扉体を吊り下げるために、上記開閉体における上記開口部の周囲の面に止着されている部位を意味する。
【００１７】
更に、第三の発明では、上記開閉体には、開閉体幅方向にわたる補強部材が止着され、
上記一部の抜止部は、前記補強部材に略対応するように開閉体開閉方向の位置が設定されるとともに、前記補強部材を貫通して開閉体厚さ方向へ突出し、その突出する両先端側をガイドレール内に当接させることを特徴とする。
【００１８】
ここで、上記補強部材とは、上記開閉体の面に止着されることで上記開閉体の強度を補強する部材であればよく、上記開閉体と同一の材質からなる態様と、上記開閉体と異なる材質からなる態様との双方の態様とを含むが、材質を共通化することでコスト的なメリットを得るためには上記開閉体と同一の材質からなる態様とするのが好ましく、更に、上記開閉体が巻取り軸に巻取られた際に、その巻径がいびつになり巻取り軸の回転バランスが崩れたり、巻径が大きくなったりするのを防止する観点より、巻取り軸に巻取り可能な可撓性を有する材質からなる態様、例えばシート状物からなる態様とするのが好ましい。
そして、この補強部材は、開閉体幅方向における全長又は略全長にわたって設けられていてもよいし、開閉体幅方向における一部に設けられていてもよい。
【００１９】
更に、第四の発明では、上記複数の抜止部の内、上記一部の抜止部は、上記開閉体における開閉方向の中央又は中央近傍に単数設けられ、その他の抜止部は、前記一部の抜止部の開放方向側と閉鎖方向側とにそれぞれ間隔を置いて配設されていることを特徴とする。
【００２０】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。
本実施の形態による開閉装置の一例は、住宅やビル、倉庫、工場などの構築・構造物の出入口などとなる開口部分や、構築・構造物の内部に配設され、この開口部分の閉鎖や、構築・構造物内部の区画を行う所謂スクリーンシャッター装置であって、特に、火災などが発生した際に、煙の拡散や延焼を防止するのに好適な開閉装置として説明するが、前記以外の目的で利用することも可能であり、例えば、合成樹脂製等の開閉体を備え保冷庫などに配設されるシート状シャッター装置としても利用可能であり、この場合、冷気等の流通を防止し、保温性の低下を極力抑える目的等で使用される。
【００２１】
この開閉装置１は、シート状の開閉体１０、該開閉体１０の幅方向の端部を囲み開閉方向へ案内するガイドレール２０、前記開閉体１０を巻取ったり繰出したりする巻取り軸（図示せず）等を備え、該巻取り軸から繰出されたり該巻取り軸に巻き取られたりする前記開閉体１０により、空間を仕切ったり開放したりする。（図１参照）
【００２２】
開閉体１０は、通過可能な開口部１１ａを下端側に有する開閉体本体１１と、該開閉体１０が前記ガイドレール２０から離れる方向へ移動した際に前記ガイドレール２０内に当接させる抜止部１３ａ，１３ｂと、該開閉体本体１１に吊下げ状に設けられて前記開口部１１ａを開閉自在にする扉体１２と、開閉体本体１１及び開口部１１ａの下端部に幅方向にわたって設けられた座板部材１４とを具備してなる。
尚、図示例の開閉装置１によれば、開閉体１０は巻取り軸により巻取られたり繰出されたりする開閉体としているが、上記開閉装置１は、前記開閉体１０を、折畳まれて収納される開閉体や、巻取られたり折畳まれたりすることなく平坦状のまま収納される開閉体等に置換した構成とすることも可能である。
【００２３】
開閉体本体１１は、例えば、ガラスクロスやシリカクロス等の難燃性布地や、フッ素加工を施した塩化ビニル樹脂シート材、ガラス繊維を含んだ合成樹脂シート材等からなる。
この開閉体本体１１は、開閉体幅方向（開閉体の開閉方向と略直交する方向であって、開閉体の厚さ方向ではない方向）に長い略矩形帯状のシート材を、上下方向に複数連接するように縫い付けて構成してもよいし、一枚のシート材を略矩形状に裁断することで構成してもよい。
そして、この開閉体本体１１の下端側には、人や物などの物体が通過可能な略矩形切欠状の開口部１１ａが形成され、更に、同開閉体本体１１の最下端部には、座板部材１４を接続するための袋部１１ｂが形成されている。
【００２４】
また、上記抜止部１３ａ，１３ｂは、開閉体本体１１に貫通状に固定されて両先端側を開閉体厚さ方向へ突出させる金属棒状の部材であり、開閉体１０における幅方向の両端側の各々に、開閉体１０の開閉方向にわたって所定間隔置きに複数配設され、開閉体１０の閉鎖状態においてはガイドレール２０に内在される。
これら抜止部１３ａ，１３ｂは、開閉体１０がガイドレール２０から離れる方向へ移動した際に、ガイドレール２０内の当接部２１に当接することで、開閉体１０がガイドレール２０から抜けてしまうのを防止する。
【００２５】
すなわち、上記開閉体１０が風圧や該開閉体内外の気圧の差等によって厚さ方向へ撓んだ際、この開閉体１０の幅方向の端部は、ガイドレール２０から開閉体幅方向に抜ける方向へ移動しようとする。この移動の際に、抜止部１３ａ，１３ｂは、ガイドレール２０内の当接部２１に当接することで、開閉体１０がガイドレール２０から抜けてしまうのを防止する。
尚、前記移動方向には、開閉体１０が単純に幅方向に移動する場合の方向や、開閉体１０が風圧等の影響により幅方向と厚さ方向との両成分を併せ持った方向へ移動する場合の方向等を含む。
【００２６】
そして、上記抜止部１３ａ，１３ｂの内、符号１３ａで示す抜止部は、開閉体１０がガイドレール２０から離れる方向へ移動した際の移動量Ｗ１（図２（ａ）参照）を、他の抜止部１３ｂにおける同様の移動量Ｗ２（図２（ｂ）参照）よりも小さく設定している。これら移動量Ｗ１，Ｗ２は、抜止部１３ａ，１３ｂとガイドレール２０内の当接部２１との間の距離である。
【００２７】
上記構成の抜止部１３ａ，１３ｂによれば、閉状態にある開閉体１０の内外に気圧の差が生じ、該開閉体１０の中央側が撓んで気圧の低い側へ膨れ出た際、その膨出量を小さくすることができる（図３（ｂ）参照）。
より詳細に説明すれば、前記膨出量は移動量を小さくした抜止部１３ａに略対応する部位ａにおいて特に小さくなるが、開閉体１０は、幅方向および開閉方向に連続する部材であるため、抜止部１３ａに略対応する部位ａの膨出量が小さくなることに影響されて、ある程度全体的に膨出量が抑制されることになる。
【００２８】
尚、本実施の形態では、上記膨出量を開閉体１０の全体にわたって効果的に抑制するために、移動量の小さい抜止部１３ａを、開閉体１０における開閉方向の端部間の中央又は中央近傍に配置している。
【００２９】
更に、本実施の形態では、扉体１２の閉鎖性を良好にするために、移動量の小さい抜止部１３ａの開閉体開閉方向の位置を、扉体１２の上端側の止着部１２ｂ（開閉体本体１１に止着された部位）に対応させている。
すなわち、例えば図３（ａ）に示す従来技術では、止着部１２ｂ’における膨出量が大きい場合、開閉体１０’の膨出側（図３における左側）において、扉体１２’の下端側が真下へ垂れ下がってしまうため、扉体１２’下端側の自重による閉鎖性が損なわれて、扉体１２’と開閉体本体１１’との間に隙間を生じてしまう。
しかしながら、本実施の形態によれば、図３（ｂ）に示すように、扉体１２の上端側の止着部１２ｂにおける膨出量が小さいため、扉体１２下端側が開閉体本体１１に近接し易く、扉体１２下端側の自重による閉鎖性が比較的良好である。
【００３０】
また、扉体１２は、開閉体１０の表面側と裏面側との双方に具備された略矩形状のシート材である。
各扉体１２は、開閉体本体１１と略同材質のシート材からなり、開閉体本体１１同様に、開閉体幅方向に長い略矩形帯状のシート材を、上下方向に複数連接するように縫い付けて構成してもよいし、一枚のシート材を矩形状に裁断することで構成してもよい。
また、各扉体１２の下端側は縦断面袋状に形成され、その袋状部位には、該扉体１２の自重による閉動作を補助するように、錘部材１２ａを、該扉体１２の幅方向にわたって内在している。
【００３１】
そして、各扉体１２は、その上端側の止着部１２ｂが、開口部１１ａの上縁に沿うようにして開閉体本体１１に縫付け固定されるとともに、前記止着部１２ｂ以外の端部側を、開口部１１ａの周囲の面に重ね合わせることで、開口部１１ａを閉鎖している。
詳細には、各扉体１２の左右両端側の各々が、開閉体本体１１における開口部１１ａ近傍に重ね合わせられ、また、各扉体１２の下端側が、座板部材１４の上部側に重ね合わせられている。
【００３２】
また、表面側と裏面側の両扉体１２，１２の間であって、且つ開口部１１ａの内側となる部位には、両扉体１２，１２を開閉可能なように接続する接続手段３０が設けられている。
【００３３】
この接続手段３０は、上記双方の扉体１２，１２を、開閉可能となるように、上記開口部１１ａ内で接続する構成であればよく、本実施の形態の好ましい一例によれば、着脱可能な接続部３１と被接続部３２とからなる所謂ベルベットファスナーを用いている。そして、この接続手段３０は、一方の扉体１２の内面に前記接続部３１を止着するとともに、他方の扉体１２の内面に、前記接続部３１と係脱するように被接続部３２を止着している。
【００３４】
そして、この接続手段３０は、各扉体１２における左右側端側の内面と開閉体本体１１の面との隙間を小さくするように、開口部１１ａの左右の側縁近傍となる箇所に配置されるのが好ましい。ここで、前記近傍とは、例えば開口部１１ａの幅寸法を略４等分した４つの部位の内、その幅方向の両端部側の二つの部位とし、更に好ましくは、より開口部１１ａの側縁に近い部位とする。
更に、同接続手段３０は、開閉体本体１１の中央側が内外の気圧の差により気圧の低い側へ膨出した際、その膨出側の面に吊り下げられた扉体１２の下端側と開閉体本体１１及び座板部材１４の上部との間に隙間が生じ難いように、扉体１２の下端側に配置されるのが好ましい。
更に、同接続手段３０は、開閉体１０の中央側が内外の気圧の差により膨れ出た際、その凹側面（圧力の高い側の面）に扉体１２を追従させて撓ませることで、扉体１２と開閉体本体１１との間に隙間が生じるのを防止する観点より、扉体１２の上下方向の略中央側に配置されるのが好ましい。
更に、同接続手段３０を複数具備する場合、上述したように、扉体１２の下端側と上下方向端部間の略中央とにそれぞれ配設されるのが好ましい。
また、別の観点からは接続手段３０の配列方向は、開閉体幅方向の成分を有する方向であることが好ましく、この配列方向とした複数の接続手段３０によれば、風圧を受けた際等に扉体１２の幅方向の両端部がばたつくのを抑制することができる。
したがって、本実施の形態の好ましい一例では、上記接続部材３０を、以下に示す少なくとも四箇所に配設するようにしている。すなわち、上記接続手段３０は、開口部１１ａの左右の側縁近傍となる部位において、扉体１２の上下端部間における略中央二箇所に開閉体幅方向に配置され、更に同扉体１２の下端側二箇所にも開閉体幅方向に配置されことで、合計四箇所にそれぞれ配設されている。勿論、上記接続手段は、前記四箇所に加えて更に他の箇所にも配設されていてもよい。
【００３５】
上記構成の接続手段３０によれば、開閉体１０に張力が作用した際にも扉体１２による開口部１１ａの閉鎖性を良好に維持することができる。
すなわち、例えば図５（ａ１）〜（ａ３）に示す従来技術によれば、内外の扉体１２’，１２’をベルベットファスナー等の係脱手段３０’により開閉体本体１１に係合させているため、開閉体１０’に内外の気圧の差等により張力が生じた場合、その張力によって前記係脱手段３０’による係合が外されてしまうおそれがある。
しかしながら、本実施の形態では、図５（ｂ１）及び（ｂ２）に示すように、内外の扉体１２，１２を直接的に接続手段３０によって接続するとともに、扉体１２，１２と開閉体本体１１との重ね合わせ代Ｐを確保しているため、開閉体１０に内外の気圧の差等により張力が生じた場合でも、前記重ね合わせ代Ｐの範囲内における扉体１２，１２と開閉体本体１１との間のスライドにより、前記張力が逃がされることになる。
尚、前記重ね合わせ代Ｐは、開閉体１０に内外の気圧の差等により張力が生じた場合でも、各扉体１２と開閉体本体１１との間に隙間が生じないように、扉体１２，１２と開閉体本体１１との間の想定されるスライドの最大幅よりも大きく設定してある。
また、図示例によれば、開閉体１０の幅方向における作用を示しているが、開閉体１０の開閉方向において張力が生じた場合（図３（ｂ）に示す状態の場合）にも、扉体１２，１２の下端側と座板部材１４の上部及び開閉体本体１１との間のスライドにより、前記張力を逃がす作用を奏する。
【００３６】
また、開閉体本体１１の表面と裏面との内の一方または双方の面には、応力集中箇所を補強するための補強部材１５ａ，１５ｂ，１５ｃ１，１５ｃ２が、止着されている。
そして、これら補強部材１５ａ，１５ｂ，１５ｃ１，１５ｃ２は、開閉体１０が巻取り軸に巻き取られる際に、その巻径がいびつに偏心したり、大きくなったりすることを極力避けるようにシート材から形成され、材質共通化によってコスト削減効果を得るためには、開閉体本体１１または扉体１２と同材質のシート材とするのが好ましい。
【００３７】
また、これら補強部材１５ａ，１５ｂ，１５ｃ１，１５ｃ２を開閉体本体１１に止着する手段は、例えば縫付けや接着等の技術的手段とすることができる。
前記手段を縫付けにした態様では、縫い糸の強度によって開閉体１０に作用する張力に対抗するように、縫い糸の方向を前記張力の方向と交差させないようにすることが好ましく（換言すれば開閉体本体１１が張力により引き裂かれた場合の裂け目方向と交差する方向とすのが好ましく）、特に好ましくは、縫い糸の方向を、前記張力の方向と略平行する方向、具体的には開閉体１０の幅方向または開閉方向とする。
また、前記手段を接着にした態様は、縫い糸により開閉体本体１１を貫通することがないので、開閉体本体１１の強度を低下させ難い好ましい態様であるが、接着された補強部材１５ａ，１５ｂ，１５ｃ１，１５ｃ２が剥がれてしまうことがないように、接着強度、耐候性、及び耐久性等を十分に考慮した接着剤が選定される。
【００３８】
補強部材１５ａは、開口部１１ａ上縁に沿うとともに扉体１２上端の止着部に重ね合わせて設けられることで、開口部１１ａ上縁における左右両側の入隅状の部位ｂ，ｂが、応力集中によって裂けてしまうのを防止する。
すなわち、例えば図４（ａ）に示す従来技術では、開閉体１０が内外の気圧の差によって気圧の低い側へ膨れ出た場合、開口部１１ａ’上縁における左右両端側の入隅状部位ｂ’，ｂ’の近傍が、応力集中により引き裂けてしまう懸念がある。
しかしながら、本実施の形態では、開口部１１ａ上縁の左右両端側の入隅状部位ｂ，ｂの近傍が、扉体１２上端の止着部１２ｂと、該止着部１２ｂに重ね合わせられた補強部材１５ａによって二重に補強されるため、応力集中により引き裂けてしまうのを防止することができる。
【００３９】
更に、同補強部材１５ａは、開閉体１０における幅方向の略全長にわたって設けられることで、開閉体１０全体の幅方向の撓み及び伸びを抑制する。
更に、同補強部材１５ａは、移動量の小さい抜止部１３ａに対応して配置されることで、移動量が小さいために特に張力が大きくなる部位を補強している。
【００４０】
また、補強部材１５ｂは、開閉体１０の左右の端部側各々において、抜止部１３ａ，１３ｂが配設された部位に止着され、抜止部１３ａ，１３ｂの周囲が、応力集中によって損傷するのを防止する。
更に、同補強部材１５ｂは、開閉体１０の開閉方向にわたって連続的に設けられることで、開閉体１０の開閉方向の撓み及び伸びを抑制する上、開閉体１０が巻取られる際に作用する開閉方向の張力に対抗して、開閉体１０を補強している。
【００４１】
また、補強部材１５ｃ１（開口部１１ａ側），１５ｃ２（開閉体本体１１側端側）は、開閉体本体１１における袋部１１ｂ上端側の左右両端部分を補強している。
すなわち、袋部１１ｂは、開閉体本体１１の下端側を二つ折り状に曲げ、その曲げられた上端部を開閉体本体１１の面に縫い付けることで構成されている。したがって、袋部１１ｂ上端側は、縫い付けの際に糸が貫通されることにより、強度が弱くなるおそれがある。補強部材１５ｃ１，１５ｃ２は、袋部１１ｂの上端側の縫い付け部分が、応力集中によって左右両端側から裂けてしまうことがないように補強している。
そして、この補強部材１５ｃ１，１５ｃ２の各々は、二つ折り状に曲げられ、その間に、前記袋部１１ｂの縫い付け部分を挟むようにして、開閉体本体１１に止着される。
【００４２】
また、座板部材１４は、袋部１１ｂ内外に構成される錘部材をカバー部材等によって束ね固定してなり、開閉体１０の閉鎖動作の際、開閉体１０を自重によって下方へ引っ張り、地面や床面等に当接される部材である。
また、ガイドレール２０は、アルミ合金材料を引抜き成形あるいは押し出し成形することで、開閉体１０の幅方向の端部を囲む横断面略コの字状に形成された部材であり、開閉体１０を挿通する開口縁には、該ガイドレール２０から離れる方向へ移動した際の上記抜止部１３ａ，１３ｂに当接させるように、当接部２１，２１を突出させて設けている。
尚、上記構成の開閉装置１によれば、ガイドレール２０は予め固定的に設置されていて開閉体１０を開閉方向へ案内するための部材としているが、当業者間においては、開閉体１０が閉鎖状態になっているときに開閉体１０の幅方向の両側に略直立等してガイドレール２０と同じような状態になり、開閉体１０の撓みやばたつきを抑制する部材であって、開閉体１０の開閉動作に伴って送出された収納されたりする部材（連動タイプ）や、開閉体１０の開閉動作と独立した動作により送出されたり収納されたりする部材（非連動タイプ）等を、ガイドレールと称する場合もあり、上記開閉装置１は、上記ガイドレール２０を、前記のような連動タイプや非連動タイプのガイドレールに置換した構成とすることも可能である。
【００４３】
而して、上記構成の開閉装置１によれば、抜止部１３ａ，１３ｂの構成によって、内外の気圧の差等に起因する開閉体１０の膨れ出しを効果的に抑制できる上、扉体１２の取付け構造により、開閉体１０に張力が作用した際における扉体１２による閉鎖性を良好に維持することができ、更には、補強部材１５ａ，１５ｂ，１５ｃ１，１５ｃ２により、開閉体１０における応力集中箇所を効果的に補強することができる。
【００４４】
尚、上記実施の形態によれば、開口部１１ａにおける上縁と側縁とが出会う箇所に、入隅状部位ｂ，ｂを有するが、前記箇所を上縁と側縁とが曲線で結ばれたＲ加工状に形成することで、前記入隅状部位ｂ，ｂを省き、前記箇所に作用する応力集中を軽減してもよい。
【００４５】
また、上記実施の形態によれば、上記補強部材１５ａ，１５ｂ，１５ｃ１，１５ｃ２を、開口部１１ａの入隅状部位ｂ，ｂの近傍、座板部材１４を接続するための袋部１１ｂの端部、及び抜止部１３ａ，１３ｂの周囲等に配設したが、この補強部材は、開閉体１０における応力集中箇所にシート状の部材を止着した構成であればよく、例えば、図６に示すように、上記開閉体本体１１に比較的小さめの覗き窓用の矩形状開口部１１ｃを形成し、該矩形状開口部１１ｃの四角近傍に、シート状の補強部材１５ｄを止着した構成としてもよい。尚、この態様において、前記矩形状開口部１１ｃは、貫通状であってもよいし、透明なシート材により閉鎖することで開閉体１０による躯体開口部等の閉鎖性を良好にしてもよい。
【００４６】
また、前記構成において、前記開口部１１ａを前記透明なシート材により閉鎖しない貫通状に形成した場合には、その貫通状の開口部１１ａを内外から閉鎖するようにして、上記扉体１２，１２と同様の構成の二枚の扉体（図示せず）、及び上記接続手段３０と同様の構成の接続手段（図示せず）を設けることで、開閉体１０による躯体開口部等の閉鎖性を良好にするとともに、必要に応じて開口部１１ａが開閉されるようにしてもよい。
【００４７】
また、補強部材の他の態様としては、例えば、上記開閉体本体１１に切り込み（図示せず）を形成し、該切り込みに沿う部位が押す、引く、捲る等されることで開放される開口部（図示せず）を構成し、前記切り込みの谷間近傍にシート状の部材を止着した構成であってもよい。
【００４８】
また、上記実施の形態によれば、抜止部１３ａ，１３ｂは、開閉体本体１１の表裏両面から厚さ方向へ突出するようにした好ましい態様を示しているが、ガイドレール２０内に係合することで開閉体１０がガイドレール２０から抜け出ることを防止する構成とすれば、開閉体本体１１の表裏面の内の一方の面から厚さ方向へ突出する態様としてもよい。
【００４９】
また、上記接続手段３０は、上記双方の扉体１２，１２を、開閉可能となるように、上記開口部１１ａ内で接続する構成であれば、上記べルベットファスナーを用いた態様に限定されるものでなく、例えば、磁石や、衣服等に用いられる所謂ホック等を用いた態様であってもよいが、双方の扉体１２，１２の着脱を容易にし、且つ双方の扉体１２，１２が自重により接続されるようにするためには、上記ベルベットファスナーや磁石を用いた態様とするのが好ましい。
【００５０】
また、上記接続手段３０は、図７に示すように、双方の扉体１２，１２を幅方向の中央側で着脱不能に止着した接続手段３０’とすることも可能である。この接続手段３０’によれば、双方の扉体１２，１２は、その側端側が、押す、引く、捲る等することで開放され（図７（ｂ）参照）、開閉体１０に張力が作用した際には、上記実施の形態と同様に、その張力を、両扉体１２，１２と開閉体本体１１との間のスライドにより逃がすことができる（図７（ｃ）参照）。
また、この態様において、前記接続手段３０’を、着脱可能、あるいは外すことのみを可能とした構成とすることで、非常時等には外されて、開口部１１ａが大きく開放されるようにしてもよい。
【００５１】
また、上記接続手段３０は、上記双方の扉体１２，１２を、開閉可能なように、上記開口部１１ａ内で接続する手段であればよく、この接続手段３０の他の具体例としては、上記双方の扉体１２，１２を接着や縫付け等の手段により外すことが可能なように接続し、その接続された箇所が剥がされたり引き千切られたりすることで離脱されて扉体１２，１２が開放され、同扉体１２，１２が自重により閉鎖されるようにした態様等であってもよい。
【００５２】
また、上記接続手段３０は、上記双方の扉体１２，１２を所定の条件に応じて一時的に開閉可能な状態にする接続手段（図示せず）に置換されてもよい。
すなわち、上記開閉体１０は通常時に全開状態となり火災発生時には全閉状態となるが、上記双方の扉体１２，１２の状態については、人が避難のために通過する可能性がある火災発生初期段階には通過性をより重視して接続していない状態とし、火災が進行し本格的な火災となり温度や煙濃度が増加し、これ以降は人が避難する可能性がほとんどないと判断できる段階には閉鎖性の方をより重視して接続状態にするのが好ましい。
また、他の状況における上記双方の扉体１２，１２の状態としては、例えば保管室や実験室等で、通常時は気密や温度維持等のために閉鎖性を重視して人や物体等の通過可能な状態を避けて接続状態にし、例えば人や物体等の通過を一時的に許可するために、所定時刻から短時間だけ通過可能な状態である接続しない状態にするのが好ましい。
したがって、上記双方の扉体１２，１２を所定の条件に応じて一時的に開閉可能な状態にするようにした接続手段には、上記双方の扉体１２，１２を通常時は接続しないが所定の条件に応じて接続するようにした態様と、逆に上記双方の扉体１２，１２を通常時は接続しているが所定の条件に応じて離脱するようにした態様とがあり、使用状況等に応じて適宜選択すればよい。
そして、前記接続手段の具体例としては、上記双方の扉体１２，１２間に設けられる係合部（図示せず）と被係合部（図示せず）との内の一方又は双方を、所謂形状記憶合金やバイメタル等の熱影響により変形する部材を用いて形成し、該部材を火災時等の熱により変形させることで前記係合部を前記被係合部に係合又は離脱させるようにした一例が挙げられる。
また、前記接続手段の他の具体例としては、上記双方の扉体１２，１２間に設けられる接合部（図示せず）と被接合部（図示せず）との内の一方又は双方を電磁石により構成するとともに、熱や煙、圧力等を検知するセンサーを備え、該センサーの検知信号が所定の条件を満たす場合に、前記一方又は双方の部材が磁化されて接合されるようにした一例が挙げられる。なお、この接続手段においては、前記電磁石を用いた接合部と被接合部を、モーター等を用いた他の電動機構により係脱される係合部（図示せず）と被係合部（図示せず）に置換することも可能である。
また、前記接続手段の他の具体例としては、上記双方の扉体１２，１２間に設けられる接合部（図示せず）と被接合部（図示せず）との内の一方又は双方を、熱影響により粘着性を発生する部材（例えば発泡剤等）から構成し、火災時等の熱影響を受けた際の前記部材の粘着力により、前記接合部と前記被接合部とを接合さるようにした一例が挙げられる。
また、前記接続手段の他の具体例としては、上記双方の扉体１２，１２間に、所定圧力以上の圧力により押圧された際に係合し合う係合部（図示せず）と被係合部（図示せず）とを設け、上記扉体１２，１２が受ける所定圧力以上の気圧や物体等の押圧力により、前記係合部と前記被係合部とを係合させるようにした一例が挙げられる。
【００５３】
また、上記実施の形態によれば、開閉体１０に内外の気圧の差等により張力が生じた場合に、上記重ね合わせ代Ｐの範囲内で扉体１２，１２と開閉体本体１１との間をスライドさせるようにしているが、万が一、前記張力が大きすぎる場合でも、扉体１２，１２と開閉体本体１１との間に隙間を生じることがないように、各扉体１２の端部側の内面と、開閉体本体１１における開口部１１ａ近傍の面との間に、扉体１２と開閉体本体１１とのスライド量を規制する規制手段４０（図８参照）を設けてもよい。
この規制手段４０の好ましい態様としては、各扉体１２の端部側の内面に開閉体厚さ方向へ突出する係合部４１を設け、更に開閉体本体１１における開口部１１ａ近傍の面に開閉体厚さ方向へ突出するとともに前記係合部４１に係合可能な被係合部４２を設けてなる。そして、この態様によれば、各扉体１２と開閉体本体１１との間のスライド量が比較的大きい場合でも、そのスライド量が前記係合部４１と前記被係合部４２との当接により規制されるため、各扉体１２と開閉体本体１１との間に隙間が生じるのを防止することができる。
【００５４】
また、上記実施の形態によれば、上記開口部１１ａ及び扉体１２は、開閉体１０の幅方向の中央側に配置したが、開閉体１０の左側または右側であってもよい。
更に、これら開口部１１ａ及び扉体１２は、人や物体等の通過を可能にする必要最小限の面積とするために、本実施の形態のように開閉体１０の下側部位の一部に配置されていることが好ましいが、開閉体１０の開閉方向の全長又は略全長にわたって配設することも可能である。
【００５５】
また、上記実施の形態によれば、上記開口部１１ａは、略矩形状に切り抜かれた形状としたが、円形状や楕円形状、三角形状や逆三角形状その他の多角形状、スリットや切込みとすることも可能であり、特に人や物体等の通過性を向上にするためには、少なくとも下側部位に人や物体等の通過性の良好な広い面積を有する形状や、人や物体等の通過性を良好にするように下端側へ向かって幅広となる形状であることが好ましい。
また、前記したように開口部１１ａを円形状や楕円形状、三角形状や逆三角形状その他の多角形状等、幅寸法が開閉方向に変化する形状とした場合も、上記接続手段３０は、上記実施の形態のように上記扉体１２と上記開口部１１ａの周囲の面とが重ね合わせられた部位の近傍に配置されるのが好ましく、更には、扉体１２による閉鎖性を一層向上するために、開閉方向に変化する前記幅寸法が、より広い部分又は該部分の近傍に配置されるのが好ましい。なお、この場合、前記「より広い部分」とは、例えば、開口部１１ａの最大幅の半分よりも広い部分とするのが好ましい。
【００５６】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、以上説明したように構成されているので、以下に記載されるような作用効果を奏する。
第一又は第四の各発明によれば、閉状態にある開閉体の内外に気圧の差が生じ、該開閉体の中央側が撓んで気圧の低い側へ膨れ出た際、その膨出量を小さくすることができる。
より詳細に説明すれば、前記膨出量は前記一部の抜止部に略対応する部位において特に小さくなるが、開閉体が幅方向および開閉方向に連続する部材であるため、前記一部の抜止部に略対応する部位の膨出量が小さくなること影響されて、ある程度開閉体の全体的にわたって膨出量が抑制されることになる。
したがって、例えば、上記気圧の低い側の空間に物体がある場合に、その物体と膨れ出た開閉体との接触を防ぐことができ、ひいては、開閉体と前記物体との当接音の発生や、前記接触による開閉体や前記物体の損傷を防止することができる。また、膨出量が小さくなるため、開閉体が内外から風圧を受けてばたついた際に発生するばたつき音を比較的小さくすることも可能である。
また、仮に全ての抜止部の移動量を小さくした場合のように、開閉体の全体における張力が大きくなり、この張力によって、各抜止部の近傍や、開閉体に形成される開口部の隅側、その他の予測できない箇所等が損傷してしまうのを防止することができる。
尚、本発明によれば、抜止部の移動量を小さくした一部の抜止部の近傍においては部分的に張力が大きくなるが、前記一部の抜止部の近傍を部分的に補強することで、張力による開閉体の損傷を回避できるため、その補強構造を簡素で低コストなものにすることができる。
よって、低コストな簡素構造でもって、内外の気圧の差等に起因する開閉体の膨れ出しを抑制できる上、張力による開閉体の損傷を回避することができる開閉装置を提供することができる。
【００５７】
特に、膨出量を抑制する作用を、開閉体における開閉方向の中央近傍の部位を中心にして、効果的に閉閉体全体にわたらせることができる。
【００５８】
また、第二の発明によれば、開閉体の内外に気圧差を生じ、該開閉体における気圧の低い側の面に扉体を有する場合、扉体の上端側が上記一部の抜止部によりガイドレール側へ引き寄せられるため、扉体を開閉体における開口部の周囲の面に近接させ易い上、上述したように上記一部の抜止部により開閉体全体の膨れ出しが抑制されるため、吊り下げられた扉体の下端側と開口部周囲の面との間に生じる隙間も小さくすることができる。
また、開閉体における気圧の高い側の面に扉体を有する場合、その扉体は、上記一部の抜止部により、扉体上端側の止着部近傍の膨出量が小さくなるため、前記高い側の気圧に押されて、開閉体における開口部周囲の面に近接し易い。
【００５９】
更に、第三の発明によれば、開閉体が内外の気圧の差により膨れ出た際、移動量の小さい上記一部の抜止部に略対応する開閉体幅方向の範囲においては、同開閉体の他の範囲と比較して張力が高くなる。
この第三の発明は、張力の比較的高い前記開閉体幅方向にわたる範囲を補強することによって、張力に起因する開閉体の損傷を防止する。
更に、この第三の発明によれば、張力の比較的高い前記開閉体幅方向にわたる範囲において、撓み及び伸びが補強部材によって抑制されるため、開閉体の膨れ出しを一層効果的に抑制することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明に係わる開閉装置の一例を示す要部正面側斜視図である。
【図２】同開閉装置の抜止部の構造を示す横断面図であり、（ａ）は移動量を小さく設定した抜止部の構造を示し、（ｂ）はその他の抜止部の構造を示している。
【図３】同開閉装置の作用を従来技術との比較により示す概略縦断面図であり、（ａ）は従来技術を示し、（ｂ）は本発明に係わる開閉装置の一例を示す。
【図４】同開閉装置の作用を従来技術との比較により示す概略正面側斜視図であり、（ａ）は従来技術を示し、（ｂ）は本発明に係わる開閉装置の一例を示す。
【図５】同開閉装置の作用を従来技術との比較により示す横断面図であり、（ａ１）〜（ａ３）は従来技術を示し、（ｂ１）〜（ｂ２）は本発明に係わる開閉装置の一例を示す。
【図６】補強部材の他例を示す正面側斜視図である。
【図７】扉体の取付構造の他例を示す横断面図であり、（ａ）は扉体が閉じられた状態を示し、（ｂ）は扉体が部分的に開放された状態を示し、（ｃ）は開閉体が内外の気圧の差を受けた状態を示す。
【図８】扉体の取付構造の他例を示す横断面図であり、（ａ）は開閉体が気圧の差を受けていない状態を示し、（ｂ）は開閉体が内外の気圧の差を受けた状態を示す。
【符号の説明】
１：開閉装置
１０：開閉体
１１ａ：開口部
１２：扉体
１２ｂ：止着部
２０：ガイドレール
１３ａ，１３ｂ：抜止部
１５ａ：補強部材
Ｗ１，Ｗ２：移動量[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an opening / closing device that partitions and opens a space by opening / closing an opening / closing body along a guide rail, and more particularly to an opening / closing device suitable as a so-called screen shutter device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in this kind of invention, a sheet-like opening / closing body, a guide rail for guiding the opening / closing body in the opening / closing direction, and a plurality of opening / closing directions are provided on the end side in the width direction of the opening / closing body. Some have a plurality of retaining portions that come into contact with the guide rail when the body moves away from the guide rail (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
By the way, in the installation state of the switchgear as described above, for example, when a difference in atmospheric pressure occurs between the inside and outside of the switchgear due to the occurrence of a fire or the like, the center side of the switchgear is bent in a substantially arcuate shape toward the space side where the pressure is low. The phenomenon that bulges out occurs.
Specifically, in the width direction of the opening / closing body (the direction that is substantially orthogonal to the opening / closing direction of the opening / closing body and not the thickness direction of the opening / closing body), the center side is bent in a substantially arcuate shape toward the space side where the atmospheric pressure is low. Even in the opening / closing direction of the opening / closing body (a direction substantially perpendicular to the width direction), the center side of the opening / closing body swells in a substantially arcuate manner toward the space side where the atmospheric pressure is low. A tension including components in the width direction and the opening / closing direction of the opening / closing body acts on the opening / closing body.
Therefore, according to the prior art, for example, when there is an object in the space on the low pressure side, the swelled opening / closing body contacts the object, and a contact sound between the opening / closing body and the object is generated. There is a risk that the opening and closing body and the object may be damaged by the contact.
[0003]
Therefore, by reducing the distance between the plurality of retaining portions and the contact surfaces in the guide rail, the movement amount of all the retaining portions in the guide rail is reduced, and the opening / closing body has the thickness of the opening / closing body as described above. It is proposed to suppress the amount of swelling in the direction (hereinafter referred to as the amount of swelling).
However, in this case, the tension acting on the opening / closing body due to the difference between the internal and external pressures is increased over the entire opening / closing body, so that, for example, the corners of the evacuation opening formed in the opening / closing body, Stress may concentrate on the base of the member, the base near the base of the seat plate member fixed to the lower end of the opening / closing body, and the part may be torn, and the unpredictable part of the entire opening / closing body There is also a risk that stress concentrates on the surface and the portion is torn. Therefore, in order to reinforce the opening / closing body steadily, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the entire opening / closing body and to strengthen the entire opening / closing body, which causes an increase in cost.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-11-131944
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional circumstances, and the subject of the present invention is a low-cost simple structure that can suppress the swelling of the opening / closing body due to a difference in internal and external atmospheric pressure and the tension. An object of the present invention is to provide an opening / closing device capable of avoiding damage to the opening / closing body due to the above.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the first invention to solve the above problems, a sheet-like closing member having flexibility, and a guide rail which surrounds the end portion in the width direction of the opening and closing member when closed by the closing member, the closing body Opening / closing provided with a plurality of openings at intervals in the opening / closing direction on the end side in the width direction, and a retaining portion that engages with the guide rail when the opening / closing body moves away from the guide rail in the apparatus, a portion of the retaining portion of the plurality of retaining portions, the amount of movement in the direction away from the guide rail is set to be smaller than the movement amount in the same direction in the other of the retaining portion, said portion The retaining portion is arranged at the center or near the center in the opening and closing direction of the opening and closing body .
[0007]
Here, the opening / closing device in the present invention means a device that partitions or opens a space by opening / closing operation of the opening / closing body, and the opening / closing device includes an aspect in which the opening / closing body performs only opening operation, A mode in which the opening / closing body performs only a closing operation, a mode in which the opening / closing body performs both an opening operation and a closing operation, and the like are included.
The opening / closing direction of the opening / closing body is preferably a substantially vertical direction, and more preferably the closing direction is a descending direction, but it can also be a substantially horizontal direction or an oblique direction.
[0008]
The opening / closing body may be any one that is guided in the opening / closing direction by a guide rail that surrounds an end portion in the width direction and partitions or opens the space. As a specific example of this opening / closing body, the slat is opened / closed A plurality of open / close bodies, a single or multiple panel open / close body, a sheet-like open / close body, an open / close body appropriately combined with these slats, panels, sheet-like materials, and the like. .
The opening / closing body may be any one of the above-described embodiments, but the one that exhibits the effect of suppressing the swelling of the opening / closing body due to a difference in internal and external atmospheric pressure has flexibility. An opening / closing body made of a member is preferable, and an opening / closing body made of a sheet-like material is particularly preferable.
[0009]
The width direction means a direction substantially orthogonal to the opening / closing direction of the opening / closing body and not the thickness direction of the opening / closing body, and the same expression also has the same meaning as described below. And
[0010]
In addition, the “direction in which the opening / closing body is separated from the guide rail” means a direction in which the opening / closing body is detached from the guide rail in the opening / closing body width direction. That is, when the opening / closing body bends in the thickness direction due to a wind pressure or a pressure difference outside the opening / closing body, the widthwise end of the opening / closing body extends in the direction of coming out of the guide rail in the opening / closing body width direction. Although it is going to move, the moving direction of the opening-closing body in such a case is shown.
In this moving direction, the opening / closing body moves in the width direction, or the opening / closing body moves in the direction having both the width direction and the thickness direction due to the influence of wind pressure or the like. Including the direction of the case.
[0011]
Further, the retaining portion may be provided on the end side in the width direction of the opening / closing body and prevents the opening / closing body from coming out of the guide rail by engaging in the guide rail.
As a specific example of the retaining portion, a protrusion projecting in the thickness direction of the opening / closing body is provided on the end side in the width direction of the opening / closing body, and when the opening / closing body moves in a direction away from the guide rail. The aspect which made the front end side of the said convex part contact | abut in a guide rail is mentioned. In this aspect, the convex portion may be provided only on the front surface or the back surface of the opening / closing body, or may be provided on both surfaces of the opening / closing body as long as the protrusion abuts on the guide rail as described above. It may be provided.
[0012]
In addition, the “prevention portion that engages in the guide rail” includes a stop portion that is directly engaged with the inner surface of the guide rail, and a buffer member and other members in the guide rail. It includes both of the retaining part made into.
[0013]
Further, “a part of the plurality of retaining portions is set such that the amount of movement in the direction is smaller than the amount of movement in the direction of the other retaining portions”. Specifically, the interval between the retaining portion and the portion engaged with the retaining portion in the guide rail is set to be larger than the other retaining portions for some retaining portions of the plurality of retaining portions. Set it short.
Further, the part of the retaining portions whose movement amount is set small as described above may be plural or singular.
Further, the partial bulging amount in the opening / closing body may be appropriately adjusted by using a plurality of the partial retaining portions and reducing the movement amount of the plurality of retaining portions stepwise.
[0014]
Further, in the second invention, the sheet-like closing member having flexibility, and a guide rail which surrounds the end portion in the width direction of the opening and closing member when closed by said opening and closing member, the width direction of the end of the closing body A plurality of opening / closing devices provided on the portion side at intervals in the opening / closing direction, and provided with a retaining portion that engages in the guide rail when the opening / closing body moves away from the guide rail. In some of the retaining portions, the amount of movement in the direction away from the guide rail is set smaller than the amount of movement in the same direction in the other retaining portions, and the opening / closing body has an opening portion. And a door body suspended so that the opening can be opened and closed, and the opening and closing direction of the opening and closing body is such that the part of the retaining portion substantially corresponds to the fastening portion on the upper end side of the door body. The position of is set.
[0015]
Here, the said opening part means the site | part opened by giving through-like processes, such as a notch, a cutout, a notch | incision, a slit, etc., to the sheet-like site | part in the said opening / closing body.
The opening includes a relatively large opening that allows, for example, a person or an object to pass therethrough, or a relatively small opening that is used for, for example, a viewing window.
In addition, “the door body suspended so that the opening can be opened and closed” means that the lower side of the door body is suspended by partially fixing the door body to the opening and closing body. This means that the opening is opened by pressing, pulling, turning or the like on the lower side, and the opening is closed by its own weight on the lower side. And in this configuration, for example, an aspect in which only the upper end side of the door body is fixed to the opening / closing body main body, an aspect in which the upper end side and one side end side of the door body are fixed to the opening / closing body main body, etc. including.
Further, the door body may be one in which a separate object from the opening / closing body is partially connected to the opening / closing body, or a notch is formed in the opening / closing body, and a portion along the notch is opened / closed. What was made, ie, what was provided in the said opening-closing body integrally may be sufficient.
Further, the material of the door body is not limited, and includes, for example, a sheet-like material, a plastic material, a metal material, etc., but the door body is brought close to a portion around the opening in the opening / closing body. As a material that exhibits the effect of making the opening portion closed by the door body more favorable, a material having flexibility in the opening and closing direction is preferable, and a sheet-like material is particularly preferable.
[0016]
Further, the “fastening portion on the upper end side of the door body” is a portion on the upper end side of the door body and is provided on a surface around the opening in the opening / closing body in order to suspend the door body. It means the part that is fixed.
[0017]
Furthermore, in the third invention, the opening / closing body is fixed with a reinforcing member across the opening / closing body width direction,
The part of the retaining portion is set in the opening / closing body opening / closing direction so as to substantially correspond to the reinforcing member, and protrudes in the opening / closing body thickness direction through the reinforcing member, and the both end sides projecting Is brought into contact with the guide rail .
[0018]
Here, the reinforcing member only needs to be a member that reinforces the strength of the opening / closing body by being fixed to the surface of the opening / closing body, and includes an aspect made of the same material as the opening / closing body, and the opening / closing body. In order to obtain cost merit by making the material common, it is preferable to have an aspect made of the same material as the opening and closing body. From the viewpoint of preventing the winding diameter from becoming distorted when the opening / closing body is wound around the winding shaft, the rotation balance of the winding shaft is lost, or the winding diameter is increased. It is preferable to adopt an embodiment made of a flexible material that can be wound, for example, an embodiment made of a sheet-like material.
And this reinforcement member may be provided over the full length or substantially the full length in the opening-and-closing body width direction, and may be provided in a part in the opening-and-closing body width direction.
[0019]
Further, in the fourth invention, of the plurality of retaining portions, the one or more partial retaining portions are provided at the center or near the center in the opening / closing direction of the opening / closing body, and the other retaining portions are the partial retaining portions. It is characterized by being arranged at intervals between the opening direction side and the closing direction side of the retaining portion .
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
An example of the switchgear according to the present embodiment is an opening part that is used as an entrance / exit of a construction / structure such as a house, building, warehouse, factory, etc., and is disposed inside the construction / structure. This is a so-called screen shutter device for partitioning the inside of the construction / structure, particularly as an opening / closing device suitable for preventing the diffusion and spread of smoke when a fire or the like occurs. For example, it can also be used as a sheet-like shutter device provided with an opening / closing body made of synthetic resin or the like and disposed in a cool box, etc. In this case, the circulation of cold air or the like is prevented. It is used for the purpose of minimizing the decrease in heat retention.
[0021]
The opening / closing device 1 includes a sheet-like opening / closing body 10, a guide rail 20 that surrounds an end of the opening / closing body 10 in the width direction and guides the opening / closing direction, and a winding shaft that winds and unwinds the opening / closing body 10. And the like, and the space is partitioned or opened by the opening / closing body 10 that is fed out from the winding shaft or wound around the winding shaft. (See Figure 1)
[0022]
The opening / closing body 10 includes an opening / closing body main body 11 having a passable opening 11a on the lower end side, and a retaining portion that contacts the guide rail 20 when the opening / closing body 10 moves away from the guide rail 20. 13a, 13b, a door 12 that is suspended from the opening / closing body 11 and opens and closes the opening 11a, and a lower end of the opening / closing body 11 and the opening 11a. And a seat plate member 14.
According to the illustrated opening / closing device 1, the opening / closing body 10 is an opening / closing body that is wound or fed by a winding shaft. However, the opening / closing device 1 folds the opening / closing body 10. It is also possible to employ a configuration in which the opening / closing body is stored, or an opening / closing body that is stored in a flat shape without being wound or folded.
[0023]
The opening / closing body 11 is made of, for example, a flame-retardant fabric such as glass cloth or silica cloth, a vinyl chloride resin sheet material subjected to fluorine processing, a synthetic resin sheet material containing glass fibers, or the like.
The opening / closing body main body 11 includes a plurality of substantially rectangular belt-like sheet materials that are long in the opening / closing body width direction (a direction that is substantially orthogonal to the opening / closing direction of the opening / closing body and not the thickness direction of the opening / closing body). It may be configured to be sewn so as to be connected, or may be configured by cutting a single sheet material into a substantially rectangular shape.
An opening 11a having a substantially rectangular notch shape through which an object such as a person or an object can pass is formed on the lower end side of the opening / closing body main body 11. Further, a seat is formed at the lowermost end of the opening / closing body main body 11. A bag portion 11b for connecting the plate member 14 is formed.
[0024]
The retaining portions 13a and 13b are metal rod-like members that are fixed to the opening / closing body main body 11 in a penetrating manner and project both end sides in the opening / closing body thickness direction. A plurality of them are provided at predetermined intervals in the opening / closing direction of the opening / closing body 10, and are internally provided in the guide rail 20 in the closed state of the opening / closing body 10.
When the opening / closing body 10 moves in a direction away from the guide rail 20, the retaining portions 13 a and 13 b come into contact with the contact portion 21 in the guide rail 20, so that the opening / closing body 10 comes off the guide rail 20. To prevent.
[0025]
That is, when the opening / closing body 10 bends in the thickness direction due to a wind pressure, a pressure difference outside the opening / closing body, or the like, the end in the width direction of the opening / closing body 10 comes out from the guide rail 20 in the opening / closing body width direction. Try to move in the direction. During this movement, the retaining portions 13 a and 13 b abut against the abutment portion 21 in the guide rail 20, thereby preventing the opening / closing body 10 from coming off the guide rail 20.
The moving direction includes a direction in which the opening / closing body 10 simply moves in the width direction, and a direction in which the opening / closing body 10 has both the width direction and the thickness direction due to the influence of wind pressure or the like. Including the direction of the case.
[0026]
Of the retaining portions 13a and 13b, the retaining portion denoted by reference numeral 13a is configured to prevent the amount of movement W1 (see FIG. 2A) when the opening / closing body 10 moves away from the guide rail 20 from other retaining portions. It is set smaller than the similar movement amount W2 (see FIG. 2B) in the part 13b. These movement amounts W1 and W2 are distances between the retaining portions 13a and 13b and the abutting portion 21 in the guide rail 20.
[0027]
According to the retaining portions 13a and 13b configured as described above, when a difference in atmospheric pressure occurs between the inside and outside of the opening / closing body 10 in the closed state, when the central side of the opening / closing body 10 bends and bulges to a low pressure side, the swelling The amount can be reduced (see FIG. 3B).
More specifically, the bulging amount is particularly small in the portion a substantially corresponding to the retaining portion 13a having a small movement amount, but the opening / closing body 10 is a member that is continuous in the width direction and the opening / closing direction. The bulging amount is suppressed to some extent as a whole due to the fact that the bulging amount of the portion a substantially corresponding to the retaining portion 13a is reduced.
[0028]
In the present embodiment, in order to effectively suppress the bulging amount over the entire opening / closing body 10, the retaining portion 13a having a small movement amount is arranged at the center or the center between the end portions in the opening / closing direction of the opening / closing body 10. It is arranged in the vicinity.
[0029]
Further, in the present embodiment, in order to improve the closing performance of the door body 12, the position of the retaining portion 13a with a small amount of movement in the opening / closing body opening / closing direction is set to the fastening portion 12b (opening / closing) on the upper end side of the door body 12. Corresponding to the body).
That is, for example, in the conventional technique shown in FIG. 3A, when the bulging amount in the fastening portion 12b ′ is large, the lower end side of the door body 12 ′ is on the bulging side (left side in FIG. 3) of the opening / closing body 10 ′. Since it hangs down right below, the closing property by the dead weight of the door body 12 'lower end side is impaired, and a gap is generated between the door body 12' and the opening / closing body body 11 '.
However, according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3B, the lower end side of the door body 12 is close to the opening / closing body main body 11 because the bulging amount at the fastening portion 12 b on the upper end side of the door body 12 is small. It is easy to do, and the closing property by the dead weight of the door body 12 lower end side is comparatively good.
[0030]
The door body 12 is a substantially rectangular sheet material provided on both the front surface side and the back surface side of the opening / closing body 10.
Each door body 12 is made of a sheet material that is substantially the same material as the opening / closing body body 11, and similarly to the opening / closing body body 11, a plurality of substantially rectangular belt-like sheet materials that are long in the opening / closing body width direction are sewn so as to be connected in the vertical direction. You may comprise, and you may comprise by cutting a sheet material into a rectangular shape.
Moreover, the lower end side of each door body 12 is formed in a longitudinal cross-section bag shape, and a weight member 12a is attached to the bag-like portion of the door body 12 so as to assist the closing operation by its own weight. It is inherent over the width direction.
[0031]
Each door body 12 is sewn and fixed to the opening / closing body main body 11 so that the fastening portion 12b on the upper end side is along the upper edge of the opening portion 11a, and the end portions other than the fastening portion 12b. The opening 11a is closed by overlapping the side with the surface around the opening 11a.
Specifically, the left and right end sides of each door body 12 are overlapped in the vicinity of the opening 11 a in the opening / closing body main body 11, and the lower end side of each door body 12 is overlapped with the upper side of the seat plate member 14. It has been.
[0032]
Further, a connecting means 30 for connecting the door bodies 12 and 12 so as to be openable and closable is provided between the front and back door bodies 12 and 12 and inside the opening 11a. Is provided.
[0033]
The connecting means 30 may be configured to connect both the door bodies 12 and 12 in the opening 11a so as to be openable and closable. According to a preferred example of the present embodiment, the connecting means 30 is detachable. A so-called velvet fastener composed of a connecting portion 31 and a connected portion 32 is used. The connecting means 30 secures the connecting portion 31 to the inner surface of one door body 12 and connects the connected portion 32 to the inner surface of the other door body 12 so as to be engaged with and disconnected from the connecting portion 31. It is fixed.
[0034]
And this connection means 30 is arrange | positioned in the location used as the left-and-right side edge vicinity of the opening part 11a so that the clearance gap between the inner surface of the left-right side edge side in each door body 12 and the surface of the opening-closing body main body 11 may be made small. It is preferable. Here, the vicinity means, for example, two parts on both ends in the width direction among four parts obtained by dividing the width dimension of the opening part 11a into approximately four parts, and more preferably on the side of the opening part 11a. The part is close to the edge.
Further, when the central side of the opening / closing body 11 bulges to a low pressure side due to the difference between the internal and external pressures, the connection means 30 opens and closes the lower end side of the door body 12 suspended from the bulging side surface. It is preferable that the door body 12 is disposed on the lower end side so that a gap is not easily formed between the body main body 11 and the upper portion of the seat plate member 14.
Furthermore, when the central side of the opening / closing body 10 bulges out due to the difference between the internal and external air pressures, the connecting means 30 causes the door body 12 to follow the concave side surface (the surface on the high pressure side) and bends it. From the viewpoint of preventing a gap from being generated between the body 12 and the opening / closing body main body 11, it is preferable that the door body 12 is disposed at a substantially central side in the vertical direction.
Further, when a plurality of the connection means 30 are provided, as described above, it is preferable that they are respectively disposed at the lower end side of the door body 12 and the approximate center between the end portions in the vertical direction.
From another point of view, the arrangement direction of the connection means 30 is preferably a direction having a component in the opening / closing body width direction. According to the plurality of connection means 30 having this arrangement direction, when receiving wind pressure, etc. It can suppress that the both ends of the width direction of the door body 12 flutter.
Therefore, in a preferred example of the present embodiment, the connection member 30 is arranged at least at four locations shown below. That is, the connection means 30 is arranged in the opening / closing body width direction at two substantially central positions between the upper and lower end portions of the door body 12 in the vicinity of the left and right side edges of the opening 11a. It is arrange | positioned at a total of four places by arrange | positioning at the opening-and-closing body width direction also at two places on the lower end side. Needless to say, the connecting means may be arranged at other locations in addition to the four locations.
[0035]
According to the connection means 30 having the above-described configuration, the closing performance of the opening portion 11a by the door body 12 can be favorably maintained even when a tension acts on the opening / closing body 10.
That is, for example, according to the prior art shown in FIGS. 5A1 to 5A3, the inner and outer door bodies 12 ′ and 12 ′ are engaged with the opening / closing body main body 11 by the engagement / disengagement means 30 ′ such as a velvet fastener. Therefore, when a tension is generated in the opening / closing body 10 ′ due to a difference in internal and external pressures, the engagement by the engaging / disengaging means 30 ′ may be released due to the tension.
However, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 5B1 and 5B2, the inner and outer door bodies 12 and 12 are directly connected by the connecting means 30, and the door bodies 12 and 12 and the opening / closing body main body are connected. 11 is secured, the door bodies 12 and 12 and the opening / closing body main body within the range of the overlapping allowance P even when tension is generated in the opening / closing body 10 due to a difference in the internal and external pressures. The above-mentioned tension is released by the slide between the two.
Note that the overlapping margin P is such that no gap is generated between each door body 12 and the opening / closing body main body 11 even when a tension is generated in the opening / closing body 10 due to a difference in internal or external pressure. , 12 and the opening / closing body 11 is set to be larger than the assumed maximum slide width.
Further, according to the illustrated example, the operation in the width direction of the opening / closing body 10 is shown. However, even when tension is generated in the opening / closing direction of the opening / closing body 10 (in the state shown in FIG. 3B), the door The slide between the lower end side of the bodies 12, 12 and the upper portion of the seat plate member 14 and the opening / closing body main body 11 has an effect of releasing the tension.
[0036]
Reinforcing members 15a, 15b, 15c1, and 15c2 for reinforcing stress concentration locations are fixed to one or both of the front and back surfaces of the opening / closing body main body 11.
The reinforcing members 15a, 15b, 15c1, and 15c2 are made of sheet material so as to avoid as much as possible that the winding diameter is eccentric and large when the opening / closing body 10 is wound around the winding shaft. In order to obtain a cost reduction effect by sharing the material, it is preferable to use a sheet material of the same material as the opening / closing body body 11 or the door body 12.
[0037]
The means for fastening these reinforcing members 15a, 15b, 15c1, and 15c2 to the opening / closing body main body 11 may be technical means such as sewing or adhesion.
In the aspect in which the means is sewed, it is preferable that the direction of the sewing thread does not intersect the direction of the tension so as to counter the tension acting on the opening / closing body 10 by the strength of the sewing thread (in other words, the opening / closing body The main body 11 is preferably in a direction that intersects the tear direction when the main body 11 is torn by tension.) Particularly preferably, the direction of the sewing thread is substantially parallel to the direction of the tension. The width direction or the opening / closing direction.
Further, the mode in which the means is bonded is a preferable mode in which the opening / closing body main body 11 is not penetrated by the sewing thread, and thus the strength of the opening / closing body main body 11 is difficult to be lowered, but the bonded reinforcing members 15a, 15b, An adhesive that sufficiently considers adhesive strength, weather resistance, durability, and the like is selected so that 15c1 and 15c2 are not peeled off.
[0038]
The reinforcing member 15a is provided along the upper edge of the opening portion 11a and overlapped with the fastening portion at the upper end of the door body 12, so that the corner portions b and b on both the left and right sides of the upper edge of the opening portion 11a are stressed. Prevent tearing due to concentration.
That is, in the prior art shown in FIG. 4A, for example, when the opening / closing body 10 bulges to a low pressure side due to the difference between the internal and external atmospheric pressures, the corner-shaped portions b on the left and right ends on the upper edge of the opening 11a ′. There is a concern that the vicinity of ', b' may be torn due to stress concentration.
However, in the present embodiment, the vicinity of the corner portions b, b on the left and right ends of the upper edge of the opening 11a are overlapped with the fastening portion 12b at the upper end of the door body 12 and the fastening portion 12b. Since the reinforcing member 15a is double reinforced, it is possible to prevent tearing due to stress concentration.
[0039]
Further, the reinforcing member 15 a is provided over substantially the entire length in the width direction of the opening / closing body 10, thereby suppressing the bending and elongation of the entire opening / closing body 10 in the width direction.
Further, the reinforcing member 15a is arranged corresponding to the retaining portion 13a having a small movement amount, thereby reinforcing a portion where the tension is particularly large because the movement amount is small.
[0040]
Further, the reinforcing member 15b is fixed to the portions where the retaining portions 13a and 13b are disposed on the left and right end portions of the opening / closing body 10, and the periphery of the retaining portions 13a and 13b is damaged by stress concentration. To prevent.
Furthermore, the reinforcing member 15b is provided continuously over the opening / closing direction of the opening / closing body 10, thereby suppressing the bending / extension of the opening / closing body 10 in the opening / closing direction and acting when the opening / closing body 10 is wound up. The opening / closing body 10 is reinforced against the tension in the direction.
[0041]
Reinforcing members 15c1 (opening 11a side) and 15c2 (opening / closing body main body 11 side end) reinforce left and right end portions of the opening / closing body main body 11 on the upper end side of the bag portion 11b.
That is, the bag portion 11 b is configured by bending the lower end side of the opening / closing body main body 11 in a folded manner and sewing the bent upper end portion to the surface of the opening / closing body main body 11. Therefore, the upper end side of the bag portion 11b may be weakened due to the thread being penetrated during sewing. The reinforcing members 15c1 and 15c2 reinforce the sewn portion on the upper end side of the bag portion 11b so as not to tear from the left and right end sides due to stress concentration.
Each of the reinforcing members 15c1 and 15c2 is bent in two, and is fixed to the openable / closable body 11 with a sewn portion of the bag portion 11b interposed therebetween.
[0042]
The seat plate member 14 is formed by bundling and fixing weight members formed inside and outside the bag portion 11b with a cover member or the like, and when the opening and closing body 10 is closed, the opening and closing body 10 is pulled downward by its own weight, It is a member that comes into contact with the floor surface or the like.
The guide rail 20 is a member formed in a substantially U-shaped cross section surrounding the end of the opening / closing body 10 by drawing or extruding an aluminum alloy material. At the opening edge to be inserted, abutting portions 21 and 21 are provided so as to protrude so as to abut on the retaining portions 13a and 13b when moving away from the guide rail 20.
According to the opening / closing device 1 having the above configuration, the guide rail 20 is fixedly installed in advance and is used as a member for guiding the opening / closing body 10 in the opening / closing direction. A member that is substantially upright on both sides in the width direction of the opening / closing body 10 in a closed state and that is in the same state as the guide rail 20 and suppresses bending and fluttering of the opening / closing body 10. The guide rail is a member that can be stored and received in accordance with the opening / closing operation 10 (interlocking type), and a member that is sent and stored by an operation independent of the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing body 10 (non-interlocking type). The opening / closing device 1 may be configured such that the guide rail 20 is replaced with an interlocking type or non-interlocking type guide rail as described above.
[0043]
Thus, according to the opening / closing device 1 having the above-described configuration, the configuration of the retaining portions 13a and 13b can effectively suppress the swelling of the opening / closing body 10 due to a difference in internal and external atmospheric pressure, and Due to the mounting structure, it is possible to maintain good closing performance by the door body 12 when tension is applied to the opening / closing body 10, and furthermore, the stress concentration points in the opening / closing body 10 by the reinforcing members 15a, 15b, 15c1, 15c2. Can be effectively reinforced.
[0044]
In addition, according to the said embodiment, although the corner | angular part b and b are provided in the location where the upper edge and side edge in the opening part 11a meet, the upper edge and side edge are connected with the curve by the said part. In addition, by forming it into an R-processed shape, it is possible to omit the corner-entrant portions b and b and reduce the concentration of stress acting on the portion.
[0045]
Further, according to the embodiment, the reinforcing members 15a, 15b, 15c1 and 15c2 are connected to the vicinity of the corner portions b and b of the opening 11a and the end of the bag portion 11b for connecting the seat plate member 14. However, the reinforcing member may have any structure as long as a sheet-like member is fixed to the stress concentration portion of the opening / closing body 10, for example, as shown in FIG. As described above, a relatively small viewing window rectangular opening 11c is formed in the opening / closing body 11, and a sheet-like reinforcing member 15d is fixed in the vicinity of the square of the rectangular opening 11c. Good. In addition, in this aspect, the rectangular opening 11c may have a penetrating shape, or may be closed with a transparent sheet material so as to improve the closing property of the casing opening by the opening / closing body 10.
[0046]
Moreover, in the said structure, when the said opening part 11a is formed in the penetration shape which is not closed with the said transparent sheet | seat material, the said opening bodies 11a are closed from the inside and outside, and the said door bodies 12 and 12 are formed. By providing two door bodies (not shown) having the same configuration as the above and connecting means (not shown) having the same configuration as the connecting means 30, the opening / closing body 10 can be closed by the opening / closing body 10. While making it favorable, you may make it the opening part 11a open and close as needed.
[0047]
Moreover, as another aspect of the reinforcing member, for example, an opening is formed by forming a cut (not shown) in the opening / closing body main body 11 and pressing, pulling, or rolling the portion along the cut. (Not shown) may be configured, and a sheet-like member may be fixed in the vicinity of the cut valley.
[0048]
Moreover, according to the said embodiment, although the securing parts 13a and 13b have shown the preferable aspect which protruded in the thickness direction from the front and back both surfaces of the opening-and-closing body main body 11, it engages in the guide rail 20 If it is set as the structure which prevents that the opening / closing body 10 slips out from the guide rail 20 by this, it is good also as an aspect which protrudes in the thickness direction from one surface of the front and back surfaces of the opening / closing body main body 11.
[0049]
Further, the connecting means 30 is limited to the embodiment using the velvet fastener as long as it is configured to connect both the door bodies 12 and 12 in the opening 11a so as to be openable and closable. For example, a so-called hook used for a magnet or clothes may be used. However, both door bodies 12 and 12 can be easily attached and detached, and both door bodies 12 and 12 are used. In order to be connected by its own weight, it is preferable that the above velvet fastener or magnet is used.
[0050]
Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the connecting means 30 may be a connecting means 30 ′ in which both door bodies 12 and 12 are fixedly attached at the center side in the width direction. According to this connecting means 30 ′, both door bodies 12 and 12 are opened by pushing, pulling, rolling, etc. on the side end sides (see FIG. 7B), and tension is applied to the opening / closing body 10. In this case, as in the above embodiment, the tension can be released by sliding between the door bodies 12 and 12 and the opening / closing body main body 11 (see FIG. 7C).
Further, in this aspect, the connecting means 30 ′ is configured to be detachable or only removable so that it can be removed in an emergency or the like so that the opening 11a is largely opened. Also good.
[0051]
The connecting means 30 may be any means that connects both the door bodies 12 and 12 within the opening 11a so as to be openable and closable. As another specific example of the connecting means 30, Both the door bodies 12 and 12 are connected so that they can be removed by means such as adhesion or sewing, and the connected portions are detached or peeled off so that the door bodies 12 and 12 are separated. The aspect etc. which 12 was open | released and the door bodies 12 and 12 were closed with dead weight may be sufficient.
[0052]
Further, the connection means 30 may be replaced with connection means (not shown) for temporarily opening and closing both the door bodies 12 and 12 according to a predetermined condition.
That is, the opening / closing body 10 is in a fully open state in a normal state and in a fully closed state in the event of a fire, but the state of both the door bodies 12 and 12 is the initial stage of fire occurrence in which a person may pass for evacuation. At this stage, it is considered that there is almost no possibility of people evacuating after the fire progresses and becomes a full-scale fire, the temperature and smoke concentration increase, with the passage being more focused on the passage. For this, it is preferable to place the closed state with more importance on the closed state.
Further, as the state of the doors 12 and 12 in other situations, for example, in a storage room, a laboratory, etc. In order to avoid a passable state and to establish a connection state, for example, to temporarily permit passage of a person, an object, or the like, it is preferable to set the connection state in a state where it can pass only for a short time from a predetermined time.
Therefore, although the doors 12 and 12 are not normally connected to the connection means that allows both the doors 12 and 12 to be temporarily opened and closed according to predetermined conditions, There is a mode in which the two door bodies 12 and 12 are connected in a normal state but are disconnected in accordance with a predetermined condition. What is necessary is just to select suitably according to etc.
As a specific example of the connecting means, one or both of an engaging portion (not shown) and an engaged portion (not shown) provided between the both door bodies 12 and 12 described above, It is formed by using a member that is deformed by the influence of heat such as a so-called shape memory alloy or bimetal, and the member is deformed by heat during a fire or the like so that the engaging portion is engaged with or disengaged from the engaged portion. An example is given.
As another specific example of the connecting means, one or both of a joint portion (not shown) and a joint portion (not shown) provided between the both door bodies 12 and 12 are electromagnets. An example in which a sensor for detecting heat, smoke, pressure, or the like is provided, and when the detection signal of the sensor satisfies a predetermined condition, the one or both members are magnetized and joined together. Can be mentioned. In this connection means, the joining portion using the electromagnet and the joined portion are engaged and disengaged by another electric mechanism using a motor or the like (not shown) and the engaged portion (see FIG. (Not shown) can be substituted.
In addition, as another specific example of the connecting means, one or both of a joint portion (not shown) and a joint portion (not shown) provided between the door bodies 12 and 12 described above, It is composed of a member (for example, a foaming agent) that generates adhesiveness due to thermal influence, and the joining portion and the joined portion are joined by the adhesive force of the member when subjected to thermal influence during a fire or the like. An example is given.
Further, as another specific example of the connecting means, an engaging portion (not shown) that engages when pressed by a pressure equal to or higher than a predetermined pressure between the door bodies 12 and 12 and the engaged member. A joint portion (not shown) is provided, and the engagement portion and the engaged portion are engaged with each other by a pressure higher than a predetermined pressure received by the door bodies 12 and 12 or a pressing force of an object or the like. An example is given.
[0053]
Further, according to the above-described embodiment, when tension is generated in the opening / closing body 10 due to a difference in atmospheric pressure between the inside and outside, the door bodies 12 and 12 and the opening / closing body main body 11 are within the range of the overlap allowance P. However, in the unlikely event that the tension is too large, the end of each door 12 is not provided with a gap between the doors 12 and 12 and the opening / closing body 11. A regulating means 40 (see FIG. 8) for regulating the sliding amount of the door body 12 and the opening / closing body main body 11 may be provided between the inner surface of the opening / closing body main body 11 and the surface of the opening / closing body main body 11 near the opening 11a.
As a preferable mode of the restricting means 40, an engagement portion 41 that projects in the opening / closing body thickness direction is provided on the inner surface of each door body 12 on the end side, and the opening / closing body main body 11 is opened / closed on the surface near the opening 11 a. An engaged portion 42 that protrudes in the body thickness direction and can be engaged with the engaging portion 41 is provided. And according to this aspect, even when the sliding amount between each door body 12 and the opening-and-closing body main body 11 is comparatively large, the sliding amount is contact | abutting with the said engaging part 41 and the said to-be-engaged part 42. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a gap from being generated between each door body 12 and the opening / closing body main body 11.
[0054]
Moreover, according to the said embodiment, although the said opening part 11a and the door body 12 were arrange | positioned in the center side of the width direction of the opening / closing body 10, the left side or right side of the opening / closing body 10 may be sufficient.
Further, the opening 11a and the door 12 are formed in a part of the lower part of the opening / closing body 10 as in the present embodiment in order to have a necessary minimum area allowing passage of a person or an object. However, it is also possible to arrange the opening / closing body 10 over the entire length or substantially the entire length in the opening / closing direction.
[0055]
Moreover, according to the said embodiment, although the said opening part 11a was made into the shape cut out in the substantially rectangular shape, it is set as a circular shape, an ellipse shape, a triangular shape, an inverted triangular shape, other polygonal shapes, a slit, and a notch | incision. In particular, in order to improve the passage of people and objects, at least the lower part has a shape with a wide area with good passage of people and objects, and the passage of people and objects. It is preferable that it is a shape which becomes wide toward the lower end side so that property may be made favorable.
In addition, as described above, the connection means 30 is also provided when the opening 11a has a shape whose width dimension changes in the opening and closing direction, such as a circular shape, an elliptical shape, a triangular shape, an inverted triangular shape, or other polygonal shapes. It is preferable that the door body 12 and the peripheral surface of the opening 11a are disposed in the vicinity of the overlapped portion as in the form of, and further, in order to further improve the closing performance by the door body 12 The width dimension changing in the opening / closing direction is preferably arranged in a wider part or in the vicinity of the part. In this case, the “wider portion” is preferably a portion wider than half of the maximum width of the opening 11a, for example.
[0056]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained.
According to each of the first and fourth inventions, when a difference in atmospheric pressure occurs between the inside and outside of the opening / closing body in the closed state, when the central side of the opening / closing body bends and bulges to the low pressure side, Can be small.
More specifically, the bulging amount is particularly small in a portion substantially corresponding to the part of the retaining portion, but the opening / closing body is a member that is continuous in the width direction and the opening / closing direction, so The amount of bulging of the part that substantially corresponds to the portion is affected, and the amount of bulging is suppressed to some extent over the entire opening / closing body.
Therefore, for example, when there is an object in the space on the low pressure side, the contact between the object and the bulging opening / closing body can be prevented, and as a result, the contact sound between the opening / closing body and the object is generated. Further, it is possible to prevent the opening / closing body and the object from being damaged by the contact. Further, since the bulging amount is reduced, it is possible to relatively reduce the fluttering sound generated when the opening / closing body flutters by receiving wind pressure from inside and outside.
Also, as if the amount of movement of all retaining parts is reduced, the tension of the entire opening / closing body increases, and this tension causes the vicinity of each retaining part and the corners of the openings formed in the opening / closing body. It is possible to prevent other unpredictable parts from being damaged.
According to the present invention, although the tension is partially increased in the vicinity of a part of the retaining parts where the amount of movement of the retaining part is reduced, the vicinity of the part of the retaining parts is partially reinforced. Since the damage to the opening and closing body due to the tension can be avoided, the reinforcing structure can be made simple and low cost.
Accordingly, it is possible to provide an opening / closing device that can suppress the swelling of the opening / closing body due to a difference in internal and external pressures and the like, and that can avoid damage to the opening / closing body due to tension, with a low-cost simple structure.
[0057]
In particular, the effect of suppressing Rise volume, around the site of the central portion of the opening and closing direction of the opening and closing member, effective to be able to span the entire閉閉body.
[0058]
Further, according to the second invention, cause air pressure difference in and out of the opening-case having a door to the lower side surface of pressure at the opening and closing member, the upper end of the door body by retaining part of the portion above the guide Since the door body is pulled toward the rail side, it is easy to bring the door body close to the surface surrounding the opening in the opening / closing body, and the bulging of the entire opening / closing body is suppressed by the part of the retaining portion as described above. A gap generated between the lower end side of the door body and the surface around the opening can be reduced.
In addition, when the door body has a door on the high pressure side surface of the opening / closing body, the door body has a small bulging amount in the vicinity of the fastening portion on the upper end side of the door body, so It is pushed by the higher air pressure and tends to approach the surface around the opening in the opening / closing body.
[0059]
Further, according to the third invention, when the opening / closing body bulges due to a difference between the internal and external air pressures, the opening / closing body is within the range in the opening / closing body width direction substantially corresponding to the partial retaining portion having a small movement amount. The tension is higher than other ranges.
According to the third aspect of the present invention, the opening and closing body due to the tension is prevented from being damaged by reinforcing the range of the opening and closing body in the width direction that is relatively high in tension.
Furthermore, according to the third aspect of the invention, since the bending and elongation are suppressed by the reinforcing member in the range of the opening / closing body width direction with relatively high tension, the swelling of the opening / closing body is more effectively suppressed. Can do.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front perspective view of an essential part showing an example of a switchgear according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the retaining portion of the switchgear, wherein (a) shows the structure of the retaining portion with a small amount of movement, and (b) shows the structure of the other retaining portions. Yes.
3A and 3B are schematic longitudinal sectional views showing the operation of the switchgear by comparison with the prior art, in which FIG. 3A shows the prior art, and FIG. 3B shows an example of the switchgear according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic front perspective view showing the operation of the switchgear in comparison with the prior art, (a) showing the prior art, and (b) showing an example of the switchgear according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the operation of the switchgear by comparison with the prior art, (a1) to (a3) show the prior art, and (b1) to (b2) are the switchgear according to the present invention. An example is shown.
FIG. 6 is a front perspective view showing another example of a reinforcing member.
FIGS. 7A and 7B are cross-sectional views showing other examples of the door body mounting structure, in which FIG. 7A shows a state in which the door body is closed, and FIG. 7B shows a state in which the door body is partially opened; , (C) shows a state in which the opening / closing body has received a difference in internal and external atmospheric pressure.
FIGS. 8A and 8B are cross-sectional views showing another example of a door body mounting structure, in which FIG. 8A shows a state where the opening / closing body is not subjected to a difference in atmospheric pressure, and FIG. 8B is a difference between atmospheric pressures inside and outside the opening / closing body. The state that received.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: Opening / closing device 10: Opening / closing body 11a: Opening portion 12: Door 12b: Fastening portion 20: Guide rails 13a, 13b: Stopping portion 15a: Reinforcing members W1, W2: Amount of movement

Claims

A flexible sheet-like opening / closing body, a guide rail surrounding the widthwise end of the opening / closing body when closed by the opening / closing body, and an opening / closing direction spaced apart from the widthwise end of the opening / closing body A plurality of opening and closing devices including a retaining portion that engages in the guide rail when the opening and closing body moves in a direction away from the guide rail.
Some of the retaining portions of the plurality of retaining portions are set such that the amount of movement in the direction away from the guide rail is smaller than the amount of movement in the same direction in the other retaining portions,
The opening / closing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the part of the retaining portion is disposed at or near the center of the opening / closing body in the opening / closing direction.

Flexible and sheet-shaped closing member having a guide rail which surrounds the end portion in the width direction of the opening and closing member when closed by said opening and closing member, the distance to the opening and closing direction on the end side in the width direction of the closing body In the opening and closing device provided with a plurality, and provided with a retaining portion that engages in the guide rail when the opening and closing body moves in a direction away from the guide rail,
Some of the retaining portions of the plurality of retaining portions are set such that the amount of movement in the direction away from the guide rail is smaller than the amount of movement in the same direction in the other retaining portions,
The opening / closing body includes an opening and a door suspended to be able to open / close the opening,
The portion of the retaining portion, the door of the upper side of the fastening part substantially corresponding closing member opening and closing direction of the opening and closing device characterized in that is set position to the.

A reinforcing member across the opening / closing body width direction is fixed to the opening / closing body,
The part of the retaining portion is set in the opening / closing body opening / closing direction so as to substantially correspond to the reinforcing member, and protrudes in the opening / closing body thickness direction through the reinforcing member, and the both end sides projecting The switchgear according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the guide rail is brought into contact with the guide rail.

Among the plurality of retaining portions, the part of the retaining portions is provided at the center or near the center in the opening / closing direction of the opening / closing body, and the other retaining portions are closed with the opening direction side of the retaining portions. The switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the switchgear is disposed at a distance from the direction side.