JP3968034B2 - Switchgear - Google Patents

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JP3968034B2
JP3968034B2 JP2003047721A JP2003047721A JP3968034B2 JP 3968034 B2 JP3968034 B2 JP 3968034B2 JP 2003047721 A JP2003047721 A JP 2003047721A JP 2003047721 A JP2003047721 A JP 2003047721A JP 3968034 B2 JP3968034 B2 JP 3968034B2
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JP2004257071A (en
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厚二 中島
一孝 藤澤
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Bunka Shutter Co Ltd
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Bunka Shutter Co Ltd
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Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、開閉可能な開口部を有するシート状の開閉体を開閉動作させることにより、空間を仕切ったり開放したりする開閉装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、この種の装置には、人や物等の物体が通過可能な開口部を有するシート状の開閉体本体と、該開閉体本体に吊り下げ状に固定され前記開口部を開閉可能にするシート状の扉体とから開閉体を構成し、前記扉体を前記開閉体本体の表裏両面に配設することで、前記開口部を前記扉体により閉鎖した際における遮炎性や遮煙性等、前記扉体による前記開口部の閉鎖性を良好にしたものが多々ある。
また、前記閉鎖性を更に良好にするためには、例えば、前記開閉装置の構成において、各扉体における端部側の内面と開閉体本体の面との間に、磁石やベルベットファスナー等からなる着脱手段を設け、各扉体を開閉体本体に対して着脱できるようにすることが提案されている（例えば、特許文献１、図１参照）。
【０００３】
ところで、上記のような開閉装置の設置状況においては、例えば火災の発生等により開閉体の内外に気圧の差を生じた場合、開閉体の中央側が、気圧の低い空間側へ略弓状に撓んで膨れ出る現象が発生する。
詳細には、開閉体の幅方向（開閉体の開閉方向と略直交する方向であって、開閉体の厚さ方向ではない方向）において、その中央側が気圧の低い空間側へ略弓状に撓むようにして膨れ出し、開閉体の開閉方向（前記幅方向に略直交する方向）においても、その中央側が気圧の低い空間側へ略弓状に撓むようにして膨れ出る。そして、開閉体には、開閉体の幅方向及び開閉方向の成分を含んだ張力が作用する。
【０００４】
したがって、上記後者の従来技術によれば、上記着脱手段による扉体と開閉体本体との接続が上記張力によって外されてしまうおそれがある。
そこで、上記着脱手段による接続が上記張力によって外されないようにするためには、上記着脱手段に接続力の強いものを用いるか、あるいは、上記着脱手段が設けられる面積や数量を増加する必要があり、この場合には、扉体を開放するために、強い力を要することになってしまう。
【０００５】
【特許文献１】
特許第３００７５８４号公報 （図１）
【０００６】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は上記従来事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、その課題とする処は、開口部をシート状の扉体により閉鎖した状態で、開閉体に張力が作用した際にも扉体による閉鎖性を良好に維持することができる開閉装置を提供することにある。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するために第一の発明では、少なくともシート状の部位に、開口部を設けている開閉体本体と、該開閉体本体の表面側と裏面側との双方に配設されて前記開口部を閉鎖するシート状の扉体とを備え、これら開閉体本体と扉体とからなる開閉体により空間を仕切るようにした開閉装置において、前記双方の扉体の間には、これら双方の扉体を、開閉可能なように、前記開口部内で接続する接続手段が設けられ、前記各扉体は、上端側を前記開閉体本体に固定することで、該開閉体本体に対し固定されていない部位が捲られて前記開口部を開放するように設けられるとともに、その端部側における前記開閉体本体に固定されていない部位を、前記開閉体本体における前記開口部の周囲の面に重ね合わせて前記開口部を閉鎖していることを特徴とする。
【０００８】
ここで、本発明における開閉装置とは、上記開閉体の開閉動作により空間を仕切ったり開放したりする装置を意味し、この開閉装置には、上記開閉体が開動作のみを行う態様や、上記開閉体が閉動作のみを行う態様、上記開閉体が開動作と閉動作との双方を行う態様等を含む。
尚、上記開閉体の開閉方向は、略垂直方向とするのが好ましく、更には閉鎖方向が下降方向でありことがより好ましいが、略水平方向あるいは斜め方向とすることも可能である。
【０００９】
また、「少なくともシート状の部位に、開口部を形成している開閉体本体」とは、上記開閉体本体が全体的または部分的にシート状の部位を有するとともに、このシート状の部位に、開口部を設けていることを意味し、例えば、略全体的にシート状物からなる上記開閉体本体に上記開口部を設けた態様や、スラットやパネル等とシート状物との組み合わせにより上記開閉体本体を構成し、この開閉体本体のシート状物からなる部位に、上記開口部を設けた態様等を含む。
また、上記シート状の部位及び上記扉体の材質は、可撓性を有するシート材であればよく、特に当該開閉装置を耐火性シャッター装置として用いる場合には、難燃性や耐火性を有するシート状素材、例えば、ガラスクロスやシリカクロス等の難燃性布地や、フッ素加工を施した塩化ビニル樹脂シート材、ガラス繊維を含んだ合成樹脂シート材等であることが好ましい。
【００１０】
また、上記開口部は、上記双方の扉体を上記接続手段により接続可能な貫通状の開口部であればよく、例えば、上記開閉体におけるシート状の部位に、切欠や、切抜き等、貫通状の加工を施すことにより開口される。
この開口部には、比較的大きく形成されて例えば人や物等を通過可能にした開口部や、比較的小さく形成されて例えば覗き窓に用いるようにした開口部等を含む。
【００１１】
また、上記扉体は、上記開口部を開閉可能に閉鎖するシート状の部材であり、上記開閉体本体とは異なるシート材から形成されるものであってもよいが、部品材料の共通化によりコスト低減するためには、上記開閉体本体と略同一の材料から形成されるのが好ましい。
この扉体を上記開閉体本体に装着した具体例としては、該扉体の上端側を上記開閉体本体に固定した態様や、該扉体の上端側と一方の側端側とを上記開閉体本体に固定した態様等が挙げられ、これら態様によれば、前記固定箇所以外の部位が押す、引く、捲る等されることで上記開口部が開放され、また自重やバネ等の付勢手段により上記開口部が閉鎖される。
【００１２】
また、上記接続手段とは、上記双方の扉体を、開閉可能なように、上記開口部内で接続する手段であればよい。
この接続手段の具体例としては、上記双方の扉体の中央側を縫付けや接着等の固定手段により着脱不能に接続し、その扉体の端部側が押す、引く、捲る等の操作により部分的に開閉されるようにし、人や物体等をこの部分的に開放される箇所に通過させるようにした態様や、上記双方の扉体を接着や縫付け等の手段により外すことが可能なように接続し、その接続された箇所が剥がされたり引き千切られたりすることで離脱されて上記扉体が開放され、同扉体が自重により閉鎖されるようにした態様、上記双方の扉体をベルベットファスナーや磁石等の着脱可能な手段により接続し、その接続箇所が離脱されて上記扉体が開放され、同扉体が自重により閉鎖されて再度接続されるようにした態様等が挙げられる。
また、上記「開閉可能なように」とは、上記双方の扉体を常時開閉可能な状態にする場合と、上記双方の扉体を所定の条件に応じて一時的に開閉可能な状態にする場合との双方を含む。
すなわち、上記開閉体は通常時に全開状態となり火災発生時には全閉状態となるが、上記双方の扉体の状態については、人が避難のために通過する可能性がある火災発生初期段階には通過性をより重視して接続していない状態とし、火災が進行し本格的な火災となり温度や煙濃度が増加し、これ以降は人が避難する可能性がほとんどないと判断できる段階には閉鎖性の方をより重視して接続状態にするのが好ましい。
また、他の状況における上記双方の扉体の状態としては、例えば保管室や実験室等で、通常時は気密や温度維持等のために閉鎖性を重視して人や物体等の通過可能な状態を避けて接続状態にし、例えば人や物体等の通過を一時的に許可するために、所定時刻から短時間だけ通過可能な状態である接続しない状態にするのが好ましい。
したがって、上記双方の扉体を所定の条件に応じて一時的に開閉可能な状態にするようにした接続手段には、上記双方の扉体を通常時は接続しないが所定の条件に応じて接続するようにした態様と、逆に上記双方の扉体を通常時は接続しているが所定の条件に応じて離脱するようにした態様とが挙げられる。
そして、これらの態様における上記接続手段の具体例としては、上記双方の扉体間に設けられる係合部と被係合部との内の一方又は双方を、所謂形状記憶合金やバイメタル等の熱影響により変形する部材を用いて形成し、該部材を火災時等の熱により変形させることで前記係合部を前記被係合部に係合又は離脱させるようにした接続手段が挙げられる。
また、前記態様における上記接続手段の他の具体例としては、上記双方の扉体間に設けられる接合部と被接合部との内の一方又は双方を電磁石により構成するとともに、熱や煙、圧力等を検知するセンサーを備え、該センサーの検知信号が所定の条件を満たす場合に、前記一方又は双方の部材が磁化されて接合されるようにして接続手段が挙げられる。なお、この接続手段においては、前記電磁石を用いた接合部と被接合部を、モーター等を用いた他の電動機構により係脱される係合部と被係合部に置換することも可能である。
また、前記態様における上記接続手段の他の具体例としては、上記双方の扉体間に設けられる接合部と被接合部との内の一方又は双方を、熱影響により粘着性を発生する部材（例えば発泡剤等）から構成し、火災時等の熱影響を受けた際の前記部材の粘着力により、前記接合部と前記被接合部とを接合さるようにした接続手段が挙げられる。
また、前記態様における上記接続手段の他の具体例としては、上記双方の扉体間に、所定圧力以上の圧力により押圧された際に係合し合う係合部と被係合部とを設け、上記扉体が受ける所定圧力以上の気圧や物体等の押圧力により、前記係合部と前記被係合部とを係合させるようにした接続手段が挙げられる。
よって、他の好ましい構成としては、上記接続手段は、上記双方の扉体を、所定の条件に応じて接続したり該接続を外したりする手段であることを特徴とする。この構成によれば、上記双方の扉体を、所定の条件に応じて接続したり該接続を外したりできるので、より適切な閉鎖性と通過性を備えることができ、例えば通常時は双方の扉体同士の接続を外 した状態とし、火災時等の所定の条件の際のみに双方の扉体を接続した状態とすることができる。
【００１３】
また、上記「その端部側における前記開閉体本体に固定されていない部位」とは、上記各扉体の端部側の部位であって、且つ上記開閉体本体に固定されていない部位を意味する。すなわち、例えば、上記扉体を上記開閉体本体に吊り下げ状に設けた場合には、その扉体の上端側の上記開閉体本体に接続された部位が固定された部位であり、他の端部側が「前記開閉体本体に固定されていない部位」となる。
また、上記「上記開口部の周囲の面に重ね合わせて」とは、上記各扉体を、上記開閉体本体の表面または裏面や、上記開閉体本体の下端に接続される座板部材の表面または裏面等、上記開口部の周囲の部材の面に、接触または非接触な状態で重ね合わせていることを意味する。
そして、この重ね合わせられた部位は、上記開閉体の内外における気圧の差等により上記開閉体に張力が作用した際に、上記扉体と上記開口部の周囲の面との間のスライドにより、前記張力を逃がすように作用する。
したがって、上記扉体の端部側における前記開閉体本体に固定されていない部位と上記開口部の周囲の面とを重ね合わせた際の重ね合わせ代は、想定される前記スライドの最大幅よりも大きく設定することで、前記スライドにより上記扉体の周囲に隙間（換言すれば上記扉体の端部と上記開口部の縁部との間の隙間）が生じることがないようにするのが好ましい。
また、前記重ね合わせられた部位は、上記開閉体に張力が作用した際に上記扉体と上記開口部の周囲の面との間をスライドさせるようにしていれば、上記扉体と上記開口部の周囲の面とを前記張力によって外されるように接続していてもよい。すなわち、例えば、双方の扉体間の上記接続手段を第一接続手段とするとともに、上記扉体と上記開口部の周囲の面との間にも第二接続手段を設け、前記張力が作用した際に、前記第二接続手段が外され、かつ前記第一接続手段による接続が維持されるようにしても構わない。
【００１４】
更に、第二の発明では、上記接続手段は、上記双方の扉体を着脱可能に接続する手段であることを特徴とする。
【００１５】
ここで、「上記接続手段は、上記双方の扉体を着脱可能に接続する手段である」とは、上記接続手段が、上記双方の扉体を接続したり、その接続を外したりすることができる技術的手段であることを意味する。
この接続手段の好ましい具体例としては、一方の扉体の内面に弾性を有するフック状の係合部を設けるとともに、他方の扉体の内面に、該係合部に係脱可能なように弾性を有するフック状あるいは環状の被係合部を設けた態様（所謂ベルベットファスナーを用いた態様）や、一方の扉体の内面に磁石を設けるとともに、他方の扉体の内面に前記磁石と引き合うように磁石または磁性体を設けた態様等が挙げられる。これらの態様によれば、一方の扉体を、例えば自重により垂れ下がった際に、他方の扉体に接続させることができる。
尚、この接続手段の他例としては、一方の扉体の内面に、衣服等に用いられる所謂ホックの片半部を設けるとともに、他方の扉体の内面に、前記片半部に係脱可能な前記ホックの他半部を設けてなる態様とすることも可能である。
【００１６】
更に、第三の発明では、上記扉体は、上記開閉体本体に対して吊り下げ状に設けられ、上記接続手段は、この扉体における上下端部間の略中央以下の範囲内に配置されていることを特徴とする。
【００１７】
ここで、上記「吊り下げ状に設けられ」とは、上記扉体が部分的に上記開閉体本体に固定されることで、上記扉体の下部側が吊り下げられた状態にあることを意味し、例えば、上記扉体の上端側のみを上記開閉体本体に固定した態様や、上記扉体の上端側と一方の側端側とを上記開閉体本体に固定した態様等を含む。
また、「上記接続手段は、この扉体における上下端部間の略中央以下の範囲内に配置されている」とは、単数もしくは複数の上記接続手段が、上記扉体の上端部と下端部との間における略中央部を含む該中央部よりも下側の範囲内に配置されていることを意味する。
すなわち、上記接続手段の配置は、開閉体の中央側が内外の気圧の差により膨れ出た際、その凸側面（気圧の低い側の面）において、扉体の下端側が下方に垂れ下がることで、該下端側と開閉体本体との間に隙間が生じるのを防止する観点により、上記扉体の下端側に配置されるのが好ましく、また、その際の凹側面（圧力の高い側の面）においては、凹状に撓もうとする開閉体本体に扉体を追従させて撓ませることで、扉体と開閉体本体との間に隙間が生じるのを防止する観点により、上記扉体の上下方向の略中央側に配置されるのが好ましい。
したがって、上記接続手段の特に好ましい態様としては、上記扉体における上下端部間の略中央と、上記扉体における下端側とにそれぞれ配設される。
【００１８】
更に、第四の発明では、上記接続手段は、前記開口部の内側において、上記扉体と上記開口部の周囲の面とが重ね合わせられた部位の近傍となる位置に、少なくとも一箇所配置されていることを特徴とする。
すなわち、上記接続手段は、上記扉体と上記開閉体本体との接続箇所以外の箇所であって、且つ上記開口部内における上記開口部の縁近傍に配置されることになる。
【００１９】
更に、第五の発明では、上記開口部は略矩形状に形成され、上記双方の扉体の各々は、上端側の止着部を、前記開口部の上縁に沿うようにして上記開閉体本体に固定されるとともに、前記止着部以外の端部側を、上記開閉体本体における前記開口部の周囲の面に重ね合わせることで前記開口部を閉鎖し、上記接続手段は、前記開口部の内側において、前記開口部の左右の側縁近傍に対応する位置で上記双方の扉体を接続するように具備されていることを特徴とする。
更に、第六の発明では、上記開口部は略矩形状に形成され、上記双方の扉体の各々は、上端側の止着部を、前記開口部の上縁に沿うようにして上記開閉体本体に固定されるとともに、前記止着部以外の端部側を、上記開閉体本体における前記開口部の周囲の面に重ね合わせることで前記開口部を閉鎖し、上記接続手段は、前記開口部の内側において、前記扉体の下端側に対応する位置で上記双方の扉体を接続するように具備されていることを特徴とする。
【００２０】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。
本実施の形態による開閉装置の一例は、住宅やビル、倉庫、工場などの構築・構造物の出入口などとなる開口部分や、構築・構造物の内部に配設され、この開口部分の閉鎖や、構築・構造物内部の区画を行う所謂スクリーンシャッター装置であって、特に、火災などが発生した際に、煙の拡散や延焼を防止するのに好適な開閉装置として説明するが、前記以外の目的で利用することも可能であり、例えば、合成樹脂製等の開閉体を備え保冷庫などに配設されるシート状シャッター装置としても利用可能であり、この場合、冷気等の流通を防止し、保温性の低下を極力抑える目的等で使用される。
【００２１】
この開閉装置１は、シート状の開閉体１０、該開閉体１０の幅方向の端部を囲み開閉方向へ案内するガイドレール２０、前記開閉体１０を巻取ったり繰出したりする巻取り軸（図示せず）等を備え、該巻取り軸から繰出されたり該巻取り軸に巻き取られたりする前記開閉体１０により、空間を仕切ったり開放したりする。（図１参照）
【００２２】
開閉体１０は、通過可能な開口部１１ａを下端側に有する開閉体本体１１と、該開閉体１０が前記ガイドレール２０から離れる方向へ移動した際に前記ガイドレール２０内に当接させる抜止部１３ａ，１３ｂと、該開閉体本体１１に吊下げ状に設けられて前記開口部１１ａを開閉自在にする扉体１２と、開閉体本体１１及び開口部１１ａの下端部に幅方向にわたって設けられた座板部材１４とを具備してなる。
尚、図示例の開閉装置１によれば、開閉体１０は巻取り軸により巻取られたり繰出されたりする開閉体としているが、上記開閉装置１は、前記開閉体１０を、折畳まれて収納される開閉体や、巻取られたり折畳まれたりすることなく平坦状のまま収納される開閉体等に置換した構成とすることも可能である。
【００２３】
開閉体本体１１は、例えば、ガラスクロスやシリカクロス等の難燃性布地や、フッ素加工を施した塩化ビニル樹脂シート材、ガラス繊維を含んだ合成樹脂シート材等からなる。
この開閉体本体１１は、開閉体幅方向（開閉体の開閉方向と略直交する方向であって、開閉体の厚さ方向ではない方向）に長い略矩形帯状のシート材を、上下方向に複数連接するように縫い付けて構成してもよいし、一枚のシート材を略矩形状に裁断することで構成してもよい。
そして、この開閉体本体１１の下端側には、人や物などの物体が通過可能な略矩形切欠状の開口部１１ａが形成され、更に、同開閉体本体１１の最下端部には、座板部材１４を接続するための袋部１１ｂが形成されている。
【００２４】
また、上記抜止部１３ａ，１３ｂは、開閉体本体１１に貫通状に固定されて両先端側を開閉体厚さ方向へ突出させる金属棒状の部材であり、開閉体１０における幅方向の両端側の各々に、開閉体１０の開閉方向にわたって所定間隔置きに複数配設され、開閉体１０の閉鎖状態においてはガイドレール２０に内在される。
これら抜止部１３ａ，１３ｂは、開閉体１０がガイドレール２０から離れる方向へ移動した際に、ガイドレール２０内の当接部２１に当接することで、開閉体１０がガイドレール２０から抜けてしまうのを防止する。
【００２５】
すなわち、上記開閉体１０が風圧や該開閉体内外の気圧の差等によって厚さ方向へ撓んだ際、この開閉体１０の幅方向の端部は、ガイドレール２０から開閉体幅方向に抜ける方向へ移動しようとする。この移動の際に、抜止部１３ａ，１３ｂは、ガイドレール２０内の当接部２１に当接することで、開閉体１０がガイドレール２０から抜けてしまうのを防止する。
尚、前記移動方向には、開閉体１０が単純に幅方向に移動する場合の方向や、開閉体１０が風圧等の影響により幅方向と厚さ方向との両成分を併せ持った方向へ移動する場合の方向等を含む。
【００２６】
そして、上記抜止部１３ａ，１３ｂの内、符号１３ａで示す抜止部は、開閉体１０がガイドレール２０から離れる方向へ移動した際の移動量Ｗ１（図２（ａ）参照）を、他の抜止部１３ｂにおける同様の移動量Ｗ２（図２（ｂ）参照）よりも小さく設定している。これら移動量Ｗ１，Ｗ２は、抜止部１３ａ，１３ｂとガイドレール２０内の当接部２１との間の距離である。
【００２７】
上記構成の抜止部１３ａ，１３ｂによれば、閉状態にある開閉体１０の内外に気圧の差が生じ、該開閉体１０の中央側が撓んで気圧の低い側へ膨れ出た際、その膨出量を小さくすることができる（図３（ｂ）参照）。
より詳細に説明すれば、前記膨出量は移動量を小さくした抜止部１３ａに略対応する部位ａにおいて特に小さくなるが、開閉体１０は、幅方向および開閉方向に連続する部材であるため、抜止部１３ａに略対応する部位ａの膨出量が小さくなることに影響されて、ある程度全体的に膨出量が抑制されることになる。
【００２８】
尚、本実施の形態では、上記膨出量を開閉体１０の全体にわたって効果的に抑制するために、移動量の小さい抜止部１３ａを、開閉体１０における開閉方向の端部間の中央又は中央近傍に配置している。
【００２９】
更に、本実施の形態では、扉体１２の閉鎖性を良好にするために、移動量の小さい抜止部１３ａの開閉体開閉方向の位置を、扉体１２の上端側の止着部１２ｂ（開閉体本体１１に止着された部位）に対応させている。
すなわち、例えば図３（ａ）に示す従来技術では、止着部１２ｂ’における膨出量が大きい場合、開閉体１０’の膨出側（図３における左側）において、扉体１２’の下端側が真下へ垂れ下がってしまうため、扉体１２’下端側の自重による閉鎖性が損なわれて、扉体１２’と開閉体本体１１’との間に隙間を生じてしまう。
しかしながら、本実施の形態によれば、図３（ｂ）に示すように、扉体１２の上端側の止着部１２ｂにおける膨出量が小さいため、扉体１２下端側が開閉体本体１１に近接し易く、扉体１２下端側の自重による閉鎖性が比較的良好である。
【００３０】
また、扉体１２は、開閉体１０の表面側と裏面側との双方に具備された略矩形状のシート材である。
各扉体１２は、開閉体本体１１と略同材質のシート材からなり、開閉体本体１１同様に、開閉体幅方向に長い略矩形帯状のシート材を、上下方向に複数連接するように縫い付けて構成してもよいし、一枚のシート材を矩形状に裁断することで構成してもよい。
また、各扉体１２の下端側は縦断面袋状に形成され、その袋状部位には、該扉体１２の自重による閉動作を補助するように、錘部材１２ａを、該扉体１２の幅方向にわたって内在している。
【００３１】
そして、各扉体１２は、その上端側の止着部１２ｂが、開口部１１ａの上縁に沿うようにして開閉体本体１１に縫付け固定されるとともに、前記止着部１２ｂ以外の端部側を、開口部１１ａの周囲の面に重ね合わせることで、開口部１１ａを閉鎖している。
詳細には、各扉体１２の左右両端側の各々が、開閉体本体１１における開口部１１ａ近傍に重ね合わせられ、また、各扉体１２の下端側が、座板部材１４の上部側に重ね合わせられている。
【００３２】
また、表面側と裏面側の両扉体１２，１２の間であって、且つ開口部１１ａの内側となる部位には、両扉体１２，１２を開閉可能なように接続する接続手段３０が設けられている。
【００３３】
この接続手段３０は、上記双方の扉体１２，１２を、開閉可能となるように、上記開口部１１ａ内で接続する構成であればよく、本実施の形態の好ましい一例によれば、着脱可能な接続部３１と被接続部３２とからなる所謂ベルベットファスナーを用いている。そして、この接続手段３０は、一方の扉体１２の内面に前記接続部３１を止着するとともに、他方の扉体１２の内面に、前記接続部３１と係脱するように被接続部３２を止着している。
【００３４】
そして、この接続手段３０は、各扉体１２における左右側端側の内面と開閉体本体１１の面との隙間を小さくするように、開口部１１ａの左右の側縁近傍となる箇所に配置されるのが好ましい。ここで、前記近傍とは、例えば開口部１１ａの幅寸法を略４等分した４つの部位の内、その幅方向の両端部側の二つの部位とし、更に好ましくは、より開口部１１ａの側縁に近い部位とする。
更に、同接続手段３０は、開閉体本体１１の中央側が内外の気圧の差により気圧の低い側へ膨出した際、その膨出側の面に吊り下げられた扉体１２の下端側と開閉体本体１１及び座板部材１４の上部との間に隙間が生じ難いように、扉体１２の下端側に配置されるのが好ましい。
更に、同接続手段３０は、開閉体１０の中央側が内外の気圧の差により膨れ出た際、その凹側面（圧力の高い側の面）に扉体１２を追従させて撓ませることで、扉体１２と開閉体本体１１との間に隙間が生じるのを防止する観点より、扉体１２の上下方向の略中央側に配置されるのが好ましい。
更に、同接続手段３０を複数具備する場合、上述したように、扉体１２の下端側と上下方向端部間の略中央とにそれぞれ配設されるのが好ましい。
また、別の観点からは接続手段３０の配列方向は、開閉体幅方向の成分を有する方向であることが好ましく、この配列方向とした複数の接続手段３０によれば、風圧を受けた際等に扉体１２の幅方向の両端部がばたつくのを抑制することができる。
したがって、本実施の形態の好ましい一例では、上記接続部材３０を、以下に示す少なくとも四箇所に配設するようにしている。すなわち、上記接続手段３０は、開口部１１ａの左右の側縁近傍となる部位において、扉体１２の上下端部間における略中央二箇所に開閉体幅方向に配置され、更に同扉体１２の下端側二箇所にも開閉体幅方向に配置されことで、合計四箇所にそれぞれ配設されている。勿論、上記接続手段は、前記四箇所に加えて更に他の箇所にも配設されていてもよい。
【００３５】
上記構成の接続手段３０によれば、開閉体１０に張力が作用した際にも扉体１２による開口部１１ａの閉鎖性を良好に維持することができる。
すなわち、例えば図５（ａ１）〜（ａ３）に示す従来技術によれば、内外の扉体１２’，１２’をベルベットファスナー等の係脱手段３０’により開閉体本体１１に係合させているため、開閉体１０’に内外の気圧の差等により張力が生じた場合、その張力によって前記係脱手段３０’による係合が外されてしまうおそれがある。
しかしながら、本実施の形態では、図５（ｂ１）及び（ｂ２）に示すように、内外の扉体１２，１２を直接的に接続手段３０によって接続するとともに、扉体１２，１２と開閉体本体１１との重ね合わせ代Ｐを確保しているため、開閉体１０に内外の気圧の差等により張力が生じた場合でも、前記重ね合わせ代Ｐの範囲内における扉体１２，１２と開閉体本体１１との間のスライドにより、前記張力が逃がされることになる。
尚、前記重ね合わせ代Ｐは、開閉体１０に内外の気圧の差等により張力が生じた場合でも、各扉体１２と開閉体本体１１との間に隙間が生じないように、扉体１２，１２と開閉体本体１１との間の想定されるスライドの最大幅よりも大きく設定してある。
また、図示例によれば、開閉体１０の幅方向における作用を示しているが、開閉体１０の開閉方向において張力が生じた場合（図３（ｂ）に示す状態の場合）にも、扉体１２，１２の下端側と座板部材１４の上部及び開閉体本体１１との間のスライドにより、前記張力を逃がす作用を奏する。
【００３６】
また、開閉体本体１１の表面と裏面との内の一方または双方の面には、応力集中箇所を補強するための補強部材１５ａ，１５ｂ，１５ｃ１，１５ｃ２が、止着されている。
そして、これら補強部材１５ａ，１５ｂ，１５ｃ１，１５ｃ２は、開閉体１０が巻取り軸に巻き取られる際に、その巻径がいびつに偏心したり、大きくなったりすることを極力避けるようにシート材から形成され、材質共通化によってコスト削減効果を得るためには、開閉体本体１１または扉体１２と同材質のシート材とするのが好ましい。
【００３７】
また、これら補強部材１５ａ，１５ｂ，１５ｃ１，１５ｃ２を開閉体本体１１に止着する手段は、例えば縫付けや接着等の技術的手段とすることができる。
前記手段を縫付けにした態様では、縫い糸の強度によって開閉体１０に作用する張力に対抗するように、縫い糸の方向を前記張力の方向と交差させないようにすることが好ましく（換言すれば開閉体本体１１が張力により引き裂かれた場合の裂け目方向と交差する方向とすのが好ましく）、特に好ましくは、縫い糸の方向を、前記張力の方向と略平行する方向、具体的には開閉体１０の幅方向または開閉方向とする。
また、前記手段を接着にした態様は、縫い糸により開閉体本体１１を貫通することがないので、開閉体本体１１の強度を低下させ難い好ましい態様であるが、接着された補強部材１５ａ，１５ｂ，１５ｃ１，１５ｃ２が剥がれてしまうことがないように、接着強度、耐候性、及び耐久性等を十分に考慮した接着剤が選定される。
【００３８】
補強部材１５ａは、開口部１１ａ上縁に沿うとともに扉体１２上端の止着部に重ね合わせて設けられることで、開口部１１ａ上縁における左右両側の入隅状の部位ｂ，ｂが、応力集中によって裂けてしまうのを防止する。
すなわち、例えば図４（ａ）に示す従来技術では、開閉体１０が内外の気圧の差によって気圧の低い側へ膨れ出た場合、開口部１１ａ’上縁における左右両端側の入隅状部位ｂ’，ｂ’の近傍が、応力集中により引き裂けてしまう懸念がある。
しかしながら、本実施の形態では、開口部１１ａ上縁の左右両端側の入隅状部位ｂ，ｂの近傍が、扉体１２上端の止着部１２ｂと、該止着部１２ｂに重ね合わせられた補強部材１５ａによって二重に補強されるため、応力集中により引き裂けてしまうのを防止することができる。
【００３９】
更に、同補強部材１５ａは、開閉体１０における幅方向の略全長にわたって設けられることで、開閉体１０全体の幅方向の撓み及び伸びを抑制する。
更に、同補強部材１５ａは、移動量の小さい抜止部１３ａに対応して配置されることで、移動量が小さいために特に張力が大きくなる部位を補強している。
【００４０】
また、補強部材１５ｂは、開閉体１０の左右の端部側各々において、抜止部１３ａ，１３ｂが配設された部位に止着され、抜止部１３ａ，１３ｂの周囲が、応力集中によって損傷するのを防止する。
更に、同補強部材１５ｂは、開閉体１０の開閉方向にわたって連続的に設けられることで、開閉体１０の開閉方向の撓み及び伸びを抑制する上、開閉体１０が巻取られる際に作用する開閉方向の張力に対抗して、開閉体１０を補強している。
【００４１】
また、補強部材１５ｃ１（開口部１１ａ側），１５ｃ２（開閉体本体１１側端側）は、開閉体本体１１における袋部１１ｂ上端側の左右両端部分を補強している。
すなわち、袋部１１ｂは、開閉体本体１１の下端側を二つ折り状に曲げ、その曲げられた上端部を開閉体本体１１の面に縫い付けることで構成されている。したがって、袋部１１ｂ上端側は、縫い付けの際に糸が貫通されることにより、強度が弱くなるおそれがある。補強部材１５ｃ１，１５ｃ２は、袋部１１ｂの上端側の縫い付け部分が、応力集中によって左右両端側から裂けてしまうことがないように補強している。
そして、この補強部材１５ｃ１，１５ｃ２の各々は、二つ折り状に曲げられ、その間に、前記袋部１１ｂの縫い付け部分を挟むようにして、開閉体本体１１に止着される。
【００４２】
また、座板部材１４は、袋部１１ｂ内外に構成される錘部材をカバー部材等によって束ね固定してなり、開閉体１０の閉鎖動作の際、開閉体１０を自重によって下方へ引っ張り、地面や床面等に当接される部材である。
また、ガイドレール２０は、アルミ合金材料を引抜き成形あるいは押し出し成形することで、開閉体１０の幅方向の端部を囲む横断面略コの字状に形成された部材であり、開閉体１０を挿通する開口縁には、該ガイドレール２０から離れる方向へ移動した際の上記抜止部１３ａ，１３ｂに当接させるように、当接部２１，２１を突出させて設けている。
尚、上記構成の開閉装置１によれば、ガイドレール２０は予め固定的に設置されていて開閉体１０を開閉方向へ案内するための部材としているが、当業者間においては、開閉体１０が閉鎖状態になっているときに開閉体１０の幅方向の両側に略直立等してガイドレール２０と同じような状態になり、開閉体１０の撓みやばたつきを抑制する部材であって、開閉体１０の開閉動作に伴って送出された収納されたりする部材（連動タイプ）や、開閉体１０の開閉動作と独立した動作により送出されたり収納されたりする部材（非連動タイプ）等を、ガイドレールと称する場合もあり、上記開閉装置１は、上記ガイドレール２０を、前記のような連動タイプや非連動タイプのガイドレールに置換した構成とすることも可能である。
【００４３】
而して、上記構成の開閉装置１によれば、抜止部１３ａ，１３ｂの構成によって、内外の気圧の差等に起因する開閉体１０の膨れ出しを効果的に抑制できる上、扉体１２の取付け構造により、開閉体１０に張力が作用した際における扉体１２による閉鎖性を良好に維持することができ、更には、補強部材１５ａ，１５ｂ，１５ｃ１，１５ｃ２により、開閉体１０における応力集中箇所を効果的に補強することができる。
【００４４】
尚、上記実施の形態によれば、開口部１１ａにおける上縁と側縁とが出会う箇所に、入隅状部位ｂ，ｂを有するが、前記箇所を上縁と側縁とが曲線で結ばれたＲ加工状に形成することで、前記入隅状部位ｂ，ｂを省き、前記箇所に作用する応力集中を軽減してもよい。
【００４５】
また、上記実施の形態によれば、上記補強部材１５ａ，１５ｂ，１５ｃ１，１５ｃ２を、開口部１１ａの入隅状部位ｂ，ｂの近傍、座板部材１４を接続するための袋部１１ｂの端部、及び抜止部１３ａ，１３ｂの周囲等に配設したが、この補強部材は、開閉体１０における応力集中箇所にシート状の部材を止着した構成であればよく、例えば、図６に示すように、上記開閉体本体１１に比較的小さめの覗き窓用の矩形状開口部１１ｃを形成し、該矩形状開口部１１ｃの四角近傍に、シート状の補強部材１５ｄを止着した構成としてもよい。尚、この態様において、前記矩形状開口部１１ｃは、貫通状であってもよいし、透明なシート材により閉鎖することで開閉体１０による躯体開口部等の閉鎖性を良好にしてもよい。
【００４６】
また、前記構成において、前記開口部１１ａを前記透明なシート材により閉鎖しない貫通状に形成した場合には、その貫通状の開口部１１ａを内外から閉鎖するようにして、上記扉体１２，１２と同様の構成の二枚の扉体（図示せず）、及び上記接続手段３０と同様の構成の接続手段（図示せず）を設けることで、開閉体１０による躯体開口部等の閉鎖性を良好にするとともに、必要に応じて開口部１１ａが開閉されるようにしてもよい。
【００４７】
また、補強部材の他の態様としては、例えば、上記開閉体本体１１に切り込み（図示せず）を形成し、該切り込みに沿う部位が押す、引く、捲る等されることで開放される開口部（図示せず）を構成し、前記切り込みの谷間近傍にシート状の部材を止着した構成であってもよい。
【００４８】
また、上記実施の形態によれば、抜止部１３ａ，１３ｂは、開閉体本体１１の表裏両面から厚さ方向へ突出するようにした好ましい態様を示しているが、ガイドレール２０内に係合することで開閉体１０がガイドレール２０から抜け出ることを防止する構成とすれば、開閉体本体１１の表裏面の内の一方の面から厚さ方向へ突出する態様としてもよい。
【００４９】
また、上記接続手段３０は、上記双方の扉体１２，１２を、開閉可能となるように、上記開口部１１ａ内で接続する構成であれば、上記べルベットファスナーを用いた態様に限定されるものでなく、例えば、磁石や、衣服等に用いられる所謂ホック等を用いた態様であってもよいが、双方の扉体１２，１２の着脱を容易にし、且つ双方の扉体１２，１２が自重により接続されるようにするためには、上記ベルベットファスナーや磁石を用いた態様とするのが好ましい。
【００５０】
また、上記接続手段３０は、図７に示すように、双方の扉体１２，１２を幅方向の中央側で着脱不能に止着した接続手段３０’とすることも可能である。この接続手段３０’によれば、双方の扉体１２，１２は、その側端側が、押す、引く、捲る等することで開放され（図７（ｂ）参照）、開閉体１０に張力が作用した際には、上記実施の形態と同様に、その張力を、両扉体１２，１２と開閉体本体１１との間のスライドにより逃がすことができる（図７（ｃ）参照）。
また、この態様において、前記接続手段３０’を、着脱可能、あるいは外すことのみを可能とした構成とすることで、非常時等には外されて、開口部１１ａが大きく開放されるようにしてもよい。
【００５１】
また、上記接続手段３０は、上記双方の扉体１２，１２を、開閉可能なように、上記開口部１１ａ内で接続する手段であればよく、この接続手段３０の他の具体例としては、上記双方の扉体１２，１２を接着や縫付け等の手段により外すことが可能なように接続し、その接続された箇所が剥がされたり引き千切られたりすることで離脱されて扉体１２，１２が開放され、同扉体１２，１２が自重により閉鎖されるようにした態様等であってもよい。
【００５２】
また、上記接続手段３０は、上記双方の扉体１２，１２を所定の条件に応じて一時的に開閉可能な状態にする接続手段（図示せず）に置換されてもよい。
すなわち、上記開閉体１０は通常時に全開状態となり火災発生時には全閉状態となるが、上記双方の扉体１２，１２の状態については、人が避難のために通過する可能性がある火災発生初期段階には通過性をより重視して接続していない状態とし、火災が進行し本格的な火災となり温度や煙濃度が増加し、これ以降は人が避難する可能性がほとんどないと判断できる段階には閉鎖性の方をより重視して接続状態にするのが好ましい。
また、他の状況における上記双方の扉体１２，１２の状態としては、例えば保管室や実験室等で、通常時は気密や温度維持等のために閉鎖性を重視して人や物体等の通過可能な状態を避けて接続状態にし、例えば人や物体等の通過を一時的に許可するために、所定時刻から短時間だけ通過可能な状態である接続しない状態にするのが好ましい。
したがって、上記双方の扉体１２，１２を所定の条件に応じて一時的に開閉可能な状態にするようにした接続手段には、上記双方の扉体１２，１２を通常時は接続しないが所定の条件に応じて接続するようにした態様と、逆に上記双方の扉体１２，１２を通常時は接続しているが所定の条件に応じて離脱するようにした態様とがあり、使用状況等に応じて適宜選択すればよい。
そして、前記接続手段の具体例としては、上記双方の扉体１２，１２間に設けられる係合部（図示せず）と被係合部（図示せず）との内の一方又は双方を、所謂形状記憶合金やバイメタル等の熱影響により変形する部材を用いて形成し、該部材を火災時等の熱により変形させることで前記係合部を前記被係合部に係合又は離脱させるようにした一例が挙げられる。
また、前記接続手段の他の具体例としては、上記双方の扉体１２，１２間に設けられる接合部（図示せず）と被接合部（図示せず）との内の一方又は双方を電磁石により構成するとともに、熱や煙、圧力等を検知するセンサーを備え、該センサーの検知信号が所定の条件を満たす場合に、前記一方又は双方の部材が磁化されて接合されるようにした一例が挙げられる。なお、この接続手段においては、前記電磁石を用いた接合部と被接合部を、モーター等を用いた他の電動機構により係脱される係合部（図示せず）と被係合部（図示せず）に置換することも可能である。
また、前記接続手段の他の具体例としては、上記双方の扉体１２，１２間に設けられる接合部（図示せず）と被接合部（図示せず）との内の一方又は双方を、熱影響により粘着性を発生する部材（例えば発泡剤等）から構成し、火災時等の熱影響を受けた際の前記部材の粘着力により、前記接合部と前記被接合部とを接合さるようにした一例が挙げられる。
また、前記接続手段の他の具体例としては、上記双方の扉体１２，１２間に、所定圧力以上の圧力により押圧された際に係合し合う係合部（図示せず）と被係合部（図示せず）とを設け、上記扉体１２，１２が受ける所定圧力以上の気圧や物体等の押圧力により、前記係合部と前記被係合部とを係合させるようにした一例が挙げられる。
【００５３】
また、上記実施の形態によれば、開閉体１０に内外の気圧の差等により張力が生じた場合に、上記重ね合わせ代Ｐの範囲内で扉体１２，１２と開閉体本体１１との間をスライドさせるようにしているが、万が一、前記張力が大きすぎる場合でも、扉体１２，１２と開閉体本体１１との間に隙間を生じることがないように、各扉体１２の端部側の内面と、開閉体本体１１における開口部１１ａ近傍の面との間に、扉体１２と開閉体本体１１とのスライド量を規制する規制手段４０（図８参照）を設けてもよい。
この規制手段４０の好ましい態様としては、各扉体１２の端部側の内面に開閉体厚さ方向へ突出する係合部４１を設け、更に開閉体本体１１における開口部１１ａ近傍の面に開閉体厚さ方向へ突出するとともに前記係合部４１に係合可能な被係合部４２を設けてなる。そして、この態様によれば、各扉体１２と開閉体本体１１との間のスライド量が比較的大きい場合でも、そのスライド量が前記係合部４１と前記被係合部４２との当接により規制されるため、各扉体１２と開閉体本体１１との間に隙間が生じるのを防止することができる。
【００５４】
また、上記実施の形態によれば、上記開口部１１ａ及び扉体１２は、開閉体１０の幅方向の中央側に配置したが、開閉体１０の左側または右側であってもよい。
更に、これら開口部１１ａ及び扉体１２は、人や物体等の通過を可能にする必要最小限の面積とするために、本実施の形態のように開閉体１０の下側部位の一部に配置されていることが好ましいが、開閉体１０の開閉方向の全長又は略全長にわたって配設することも可能である。
【００５５】
また、上記実施の形態によれば、上記開口部１１ａは、略矩形状に切り抜かれた形状としたが、円形状や楕円形状、三角形状や逆三角形状その他の多角形状、スリットや切込みとすることも可能であり、特に人や物体等の通過性を向上にするためには、少なくとも下側部位に人や物体等の通過性の良好な広い面積を有する形状や、人や物体等の通過性を良好にするように下端側へ向かって幅広となる形状であることが好ましい。
また、前記したように開口部１１ａを円形状や楕円形状、三角形状や逆三角形状その他の多角形状等、幅寸法が開閉方向に変化する形状とした場合も、上記接続手段３０は、上記実施の形態のように上記扉体１２と上記開口部１１ａの周囲の面とが重ね合わせられた部位の近傍に配置されるのが好ましく、更には、扉体１２による閉鎖性を一層向上するために、開閉方向に変化する前記幅寸法が、より広い部分又は該部分の近傍に配置されるのが好ましい。なお、この場合、前記「より広い部分」とは、例えば、開口部１１ａの最大幅の半分よりも広い部分とするのが好ましい。
【００５６】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、以上説明したように構成されているので、以下に記載されるような作用効果を奏する。
第一の発明によれば、開閉体本体の表面側と裏面側との双方の扉体が接続手段により接続されるため、開口部を扉体により閉鎖した際における遮炎性や遮煙性等の閉鎖性に優れている。
その上、開閉体内外の気圧の影響等により該開閉体に張力が作用した際には、両扉体と開口部の周囲の面との間のスライドにより、前記張力が逃がされ、且つ、各扉体の端部側を開口部の周囲の面に重ね合わせているため、各扉体の周囲に周囲に隙間を生じ難い。
したがって、開口部を扉体により閉鎖した際の閉鎖性に優れている上、開閉体に張力が作用した際にも扉体による閉鎖性を良好に維持することができる。
【００５７】
更に、第二の発明によれば、接続手段による接続を外すことで開口部を大きく開放することができる上、双方の扉体を接続手段により再度接続することも可能となる。
しかも、開閉体に作用する張力が両扉体と開口部の周囲の面との間のスライドにより逃がされるため、接続手段による接続力を、従来技術による着脱手段のように開閉体の張力を考慮して増強する必要がない。
したがって、接続手段による接続力を必要最小限の力に設定して、扉体を開放する際に接続手段による接続が容易に外されるようにすることができる。
【００５８】
更に、第三の発明によれば、開閉体の中央側が内外の圧力差により膨れ出た際にも、扉体を開口部の周囲の面に近接させて、扉体による開口部の閉鎖性を良好にすることができる。
【００５９】
更に、第四乃至第六の発明によれば、扉体と開口部の周囲の面との隙間が小さくなるため、扉体による開口部の閉鎖性を一層向上にすることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 本発明に係わる開閉装置の一例を示す要部正面側斜視図である。
【図２】 同開閉装置の抜止部の構造を示す横断面図であり、（ａ）は移動量を小さく設定した抜止部の構造を示し、（ｂ）はその他の抜止部の構造を示している。
【図３】 同開閉装置の作用を従来技術との比較により示す概略縦断面図であり、（ａ）は従来技術を示し、（ｂ）は本発明に係わる開閉装置の一例を示す。
【図４】 同開閉装置の作用を従来技術との比較により示す概略正面側斜視図であり、（ａ）は従来技術を示し、（ｂ）は本発明に係わる開閉装置の一例を示す。
【図５】 同開閉装置の作用を従来技術との比較により示す横断面図であり、（ａ１）〜（ａ３）は従来技術を示し、（ｂ１）〜（ｂ２）は本発明に係わる開閉装置の一例を示す。
【図６】 補強部材の他例を示す正面側斜視図である。
【図７】 扉体の取付構造の他例を示す横断面図であり、（ａ）は扉体が閉じられた状態を示し、（ｂ）は物体の通過のために扉体が部分的に開放された状態を示し、（ｃ）は開閉体が内外の気圧の差を受けた状態を示す。
【図８】 扉体の取付構造の他例を示す横断面図であり、（ａ）は開閉体が気圧の差を受けていない状態を示し、（ｂ）は開閉体が内外の気圧の差を受けた状態を示す。
【符号の説明】
１：開閉装置
１０：開閉体
１１：開閉体本体
１１ａ：開口部
１２：扉体
３０：接続手段
Ｐ：重ね合わせ代[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an opening / closing device that partitions and opens a space by opening and closing a sheet-like opening / closing body having an opening that can be opened and closed.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in this type of apparatus, a sheet-like opening / closing body having an opening through which an object such as a person or an object can pass, and the opening can be opened / closed by being fixed to the opening / closing body in a suspended manner. An open / close body is formed from the sheet-like door body, and the door body is disposed on both the front and back surfaces of the open / close body main body, so that the opening portion is closed by the door body. For example, many of the doors have good closing properties of the opening.
In order to further improve the closing performance, for example, in the configuration of the opening / closing device, a magnet, a velvet fastener, or the like is provided between the inner surface on the end side of each door body and the surface of the opening / closing body body. It has been proposed that an attaching / detaching means is provided so that each door body can be attached to and detached from the opening / closing body body (for example, see Patent Document 1 and FIG. 1).
[0003]
By the way, in the installation state of the switchgear as described above, for example, when a difference in atmospheric pressure occurs between the inside and outside of the switchgear due to the occurrence of a fire or the like, the center side of the switchgear is bent in a substantially arcuate shape toward the space side where the pressure is low. The phenomenon that bulges out occurs.
Specifically, in the width direction of the opening / closing body (the direction that is substantially orthogonal to the opening / closing direction of the opening / closing body and not the thickness direction of the opening / closing body), the center side is bent in a substantially arcuate shape toward the space side where the atmospheric pressure is low. Even in the opening / closing direction of the opening / closing body (a direction substantially perpendicular to the width direction), the center side of the opening / closing body swells in a substantially arcuate manner toward the space side where the atmospheric pressure is low. A tension including components in the width direction and the opening / closing direction of the opening / closing body acts on the opening / closing body.
[0004]
Therefore, according to the latter prior art, the connection between the door body and the opening / closing body main body by the attaching / detaching means may be released by the tension.
Therefore, in order to prevent the connection by the attaching / detaching means from being removed by the tension, it is necessary to use a member having a strong connecting force for the attaching / detaching means or to increase the area and the number of the attaching / detaching means provided. In this case, a strong force is required to open the door body.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent No. 3007584 (FIG. 1)
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional circumstances, and the problem is that the opening is closed by the door when the opening is closed by the sheet-like door and the tension is applied to the opening / closing body. An object of the present invention is to provide an opening / closing device capable of maintaining good performance.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, in the first invention, at least a sheet-like part is provided with an opening / closing body main body provided with an opening, and on both the front side and the back side of the opening / closing body main body. In an opening / closing device provided with a sheet-like door body for closing the opening, and partitioning the space by an opening / closing body composed of the opening / closing body body and the door body, between both the door bodies, Connection means for connecting within the opening is provided so that the door body can be opened and closed.By fixing the upper end side to the opening / closing body main body, a portion that is not fixed to the opening / closing body main body is beaten and provided to open the opening,The part which is not fixed to the opening / closing body body on the end sidePosition in the body of the opening and closing bodyThe opening is closed by being overlapped with a surface around the opening.
[0008]
Here, the opening / closing device in the present invention means a device that partitions or opens a space by opening / closing operation of the opening / closing body, and the opening / closing device includes an aspect in which the opening / closing body performs only opening operation, A mode in which the opening / closing body performs only a closing operation, a mode in which the opening / closing body performs both an opening operation and a closing operation, and the like are included.
The opening / closing direction of the opening / closing body is preferably a substantially vertical direction, and more preferably the closing direction is a descending direction, but it can also be a substantially horizontal direction or an oblique direction.
[0009]
The "opening / closing body main body forming an opening in at least a sheet-like part" means that the opening / closing body main body has a sheet-like part in whole or in part, and in this sheet-like part, This means that an opening is provided. For example, the opening / closing body may be formed by a mode in which the opening is provided in the opening / closing body main body, which is substantially entirely made of a sheet, or a combination of a slat, a panel, etc. The body main body is comprised and the aspect etc. which provided the said opening part in the site | part which consists of a sheet-like object of this opening-and-closing body main body are included.
Moreover, the material of the said sheet-like site | part and the said door body should just be a sheet material which has flexibility, and when using the said opening / closing apparatus as a fireproof shutter device, it has a flame retardance and fire resistance. A sheet-like material, for example, a flame-retardant fabric such as glass cloth or silica cloth, a vinyl chloride resin sheet material subjected to fluorine processing, a synthetic resin sheet material containing glass fibers, or the like is preferable.
[0010]
Further, the opening may be a through-opening that can connect both the doors by the connecting means. For example, a notch, a cutout, or the like is formed in a sheet-like portion of the opening / closing body. Opening is performed by applying the process.
The opening includes a relatively large opening that allows, for example, a person or an object to pass therethrough, or a relatively small opening that is used for, for example, a viewing window.
[0011]
The door body is a sheet-like member that closes the opening so as to be openable and closable, and may be formed from a sheet material different from the opening and closing body body. In order to reduce the cost, it is preferable that the opening / closing body is made of substantially the same material.
Specific examples of mounting the door body on the opening / closing body main body include a mode in which the upper end side of the door body is fixed to the opening / closing body body, and the upper end side and one side end side of the door body are connected to the opening / closing body. Embodiments fixed to the main body can be mentioned, and according to these embodiments, the opening is opened by pressing, pulling, scoring, etc., other than the fixed portion, and by an urging means such as its own weight or a spring. The opening is closed.
[0012]
  Moreover, the said connection means should just be a means which connects the said both door bodies in the said opening part so that opening and closing is possible.
  As a specific example of this connecting means, the center side of both door bodies is connected detachably by fixing means such as sewing or adhesion, and the end side of the door body is operated by pushing, pulling, turning, etc. It is possible to remove and open both the door body by means such as bonding and sewing, etc. The above-mentioned door body is opened by being removed by being peeled off or torn off, and the door body is closed by its own weight. Examples include an embodiment in which the connection is made by a detachable means such as a velvet fastener, a magnet, etc., the connection part is detached and the door is opened, and the door is closed by its own weight and connected again.
  Further, “to be able to open and close” means that both the door bodies can be opened and closed at all times, and both the door bodies can be temporarily opened and closed according to a predetermined condition. Including both cases.
  In other words, the opening / closing body is fully open during normal operation and is fully closed when a fire breaks out. In a state where it is judged that there is almost no possibility of evacuation after this, the fire progresses and becomes a full-scale fire, the temperature and smoke concentration increase, and after that, it is judged that there is little possibility of evacuation It is preferable to place more importance on the connection state.
  In addition, as the state of both the doors in other situations, for example, in a storage room or a laboratory, it is possible to pass a person or an object with an emphasis on closeability in order to maintain airtightness and temperature at normal times. In order to avoid the state and establish a connection state, for example, to temporarily permit passage of a person, an object, or the like, it is preferable that the connection state that is allowed to pass for a short time from a predetermined time is not connected.
  Therefore, both the doors are not normally connected to the connection means that allows both the doors to be temporarily opened and closed according to predetermined conditions, but connected according to the predetermined conditions. The aspect which did it and the aspect which connected both said door bodies by the normal time, but were made to detach | leave according to predetermined conditions conversely are mentioned.
  As a specific example of the connecting means in these aspects, one or both of the engaging portion and the engaged portion provided between the both door bodies is heated by a so-called shape memory alloy or bimetal. Examples of the connecting means include: a member that is deformed by an influence; and the member is deformed by heat during a fire or the like so that the engaging portion is engaged with or disengaged from the engaged portion.
  In addition, as another specific example of the connecting means in the above aspect, one or both of the joined portion and the joined portion provided between the both door bodies is constituted by an electromagnet, and heat, smoke, pressure When the detection signal of the sensor satisfies a predetermined condition, the one or both members are magnetized and joined so as to be connected. In this connection means, it is also possible to replace the joined portion and the joined portion using the electromagnet with an engaging portion and an engaged portion that are engaged and disengaged by another electric mechanism using a motor or the like. is there.
  Moreover, as another specific example of the connection means in the aspect, a member that generates adhesiveness due to a thermal effect on one or both of the joint portion and the joint portion provided between the both door bodies ( For example, there is a connecting means that is made of a foaming agent or the like and that joins the joining portion and the joined portion by the adhesive force of the member when subjected to a thermal influence such as a fire.
  Further, as another specific example of the connecting means in the aspect, an engaging portion and an engaged portion that are engaged when pressed by a pressure equal to or higher than a predetermined pressure are provided between both the door bodies. There is a connecting means for engaging the engaging portion and the engaged portion by a pressure higher than a predetermined pressure received by the door body or a pressing force of an object or the like.
  Therefore, as another preferred configuration, the connecting means is a means for connecting or disconnecting both the doors according to a predetermined condition. According to this configuration, since both the door bodies can be connected or disconnected according to predetermined conditions, it is possible to provide more appropriate closing properties and passage properties. Disconnect the doors from each other The doors can be connected to each other only in a predetermined condition such as a fire.
[0013]
In addition, the above-mentioned “part not fixed to the opening / closing body main body on the end side” means a part on the end side of each door body and not fixed to the opening / closing body main body. To do. That is, for example, when the door body is provided in a suspended manner on the opening / closing body main body, the portion connected to the opening / closing body main body on the upper end side of the door body is a fixed portion, and the other end The part side is “a part not fixed to the opening / closing body”.
In addition, the “superimposing on the surface around the opening” means that each door is connected to the front or back surface of the opening / closing body main body or the surface of the seat plate member connected to the lower end of the opening / closing body main body. Or it means that it is superimposed on the surface of the member around the opening, such as the back surface, in a contact or non-contact state.
And when this tension | tensile_strength acted on the said opening / closing body by the difference of the atmospheric | air pressure in the inside and outside of the said opening / closing body etc., this overlap | superposed site | part is slid by the slide between the said door body and the surrounding surface of the said opening part, It acts to release the tension.
Therefore, the overlap margin when the portion that is not fixed to the opening / closing body main body on the end side of the door and the surface around the opening is overlapped is larger than the assumed maximum width of the slide. By setting it large, it is preferable to prevent a gap (in other words, a gap between the end of the door body and the edge of the opening) from being generated by the slide. .
Further, if the overlapped portion slides between the door body and the surface around the opening when a tension acts on the opening / closing body, the door body and the opening May be connected so as to be removed by the tension. That is, for example, the connecting means between the door bodies is used as the first connecting means, and the second connecting means is provided between the door body and the surface around the opening, and the tension is applied. At this time, the second connecting means may be removed and the connection by the first connecting means may be maintained.
[0014]
Furthermore, in the second invention, the connecting means is a means for detachably connecting both the door bodies.
[0015]
Here, “the connecting means is means for detachably connecting both the door bodies” means that the connecting means connects or disconnects both the door bodies. It means a technical means that can be done.
As a preferred specific example of this connection means, an elastic hook-like engaging portion is provided on the inner surface of one door body, and the inner surface of the other door body is elastic so that it can be engaged with and disengaged from the engaging portion. A mode in which a hook-like or annular engaged portion having a ring shape is provided (a mode in which a so-called velvet fastener is used), a magnet is provided on the inner surface of one door body, and the magnet is attracted to the inner surface of the other door body. And the like in which a magnet or a magnetic material is provided. According to these aspects, when one door body hangs down by its own weight, for example, it can be connected to the other door body.
As another example of this connection means, a half portion of a so-called hook used for clothes or the like is provided on the inner surface of one door body, and the half portion can be engaged with or disengaged on the inner surface of the other door body. It is also possible to adopt a mode in which the other half of the hook is provided.
[0016]
Furthermore, in the third invention, the door body is provided in a suspended form with respect to the opening / closing body body, and the connecting means is disposed within a range substantially below the center between the upper and lower ends of the door body. It is characterized by.
[0017]
Here, the term “provided in a suspended manner” means that the lower side of the door body is in a suspended state by partially fixing the door body to the opening / closing body body. For example, a mode in which only the upper end side of the door body is fixed to the opening / closing body main body, a mode in which the upper end side and one side end side of the door body are fixed to the opening / closing body main body, and the like are included.
In addition, “the connecting means is disposed within a range substantially below the center between the upper and lower ends of the door” means that one or more of the connecting means are the upper end and the lower end of the door. It means that it is arrange | positioned in the range below this center part including the substantially center part between.
That is, the arrangement of the connecting means is such that when the center side of the opening / closing body bulges due to the difference between the internal and external air pressure, the lower end side of the door body hangs down on the convex side surface (surface on the low air pressure side), From the viewpoint of preventing a gap from forming between the lower end side and the opening / closing body body, it is preferable that the door body is disposed on the lower end side, and the concave side surface (surface on the higher pressure side) at that time The door body is caused to follow the opening / closing body main body which is to be bent into a concave shape and bent, thereby preventing a gap from being generated between the door body and the opening / closing body main body. It is preferable that it is arranged on the substantially central side.
Therefore, as a particularly preferable aspect of the connection means, the connection means is disposed at the approximate center between the upper and lower ends of the door body and the lower end side of the door body.
[0018]
  Furthermore, in the fourth invention, the connecting means isInside the opening,In the vicinity of a portion where the door body and the surface around the opening are overlappedIn the position whereAt least oneArrangementIt is characterized by being placed.
  That is, the connection means is disposed at a location other than the connection location between the door body and the opening / closing body main body and in the vicinity of the edge of the opening in the opening.
[0019]
  Furthermore, in the fifth invention,The opening is formed in a substantially rectangular shape, and each of the two door bodies is fixed to the opening / closing body main body with the fastening portion on the upper end side along the upper edge of the opening, The opening portion is closed by overlapping an end portion side other than the fastening portion with a surface around the opening portion in the opening / closing body main body, and the connecting means is disposed on the inner side of the opening portion. It is provided to connect both the doors at positions corresponding to the vicinity of the left and right side edges.It is characterized by that.
Further, in the sixth invention, the opening is formed in a substantially rectangular shape, and each of the two door bodies has the opening / closing body with a fastening portion on the upper end side along the upper edge of the opening. The opening is closed by overlapping an end side other than the fastening part on a surface around the opening in the opening / closing body main body, and the connecting means is fixed to the body. The doors are connected to each other at a position corresponding to the lower end side of the door body.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
An example of the switchgear according to the present embodiment is an opening part that is used as an entrance / exit of a construction / structure such as a house, building, warehouse, factory, etc., and is disposed inside the construction / structure. This is a so-called screen shutter device for partitioning the inside of the construction / structure, particularly as an opening / closing device suitable for preventing the diffusion and spread of smoke when a fire or the like occurs. For example, it can also be used as a sheet-like shutter device provided with an opening / closing body made of synthetic resin or the like and disposed in a cool box, etc. In this case, the circulation of cold air or the like is prevented. It is used for the purpose of minimizing the decrease in heat retention.
[0021]
The opening / closing device 1 includes a sheet-like opening / closing body 10, a guide rail 20 that surrounds an end of the opening / closing body 10 in the width direction and guides the opening / closing direction, and a winding shaft that winds and unwinds the opening / closing body 10. And the like, and the space is partitioned or opened by the opening / closing body 10 that is fed out from the winding shaft or wound around the winding shaft. (See Figure 1)
[0022]
The opening / closing body 10 includes an opening / closing body main body 11 having a passable opening 11a on the lower end side, and a retaining portion that contacts the guide rail 20 when the opening / closing body 10 moves away from the guide rail 20. 13a, 13b, a door 12 that is suspended from the opening / closing body 11 and opens and closes the opening 11a, and a lower end of the opening / closing body 11 and the opening 11a. And a seat plate member 14.
According to the illustrated opening / closing device 1, the opening / closing body 10 is an opening / closing body that is wound or fed by a winding shaft. However, the opening / closing device 1 folds the opening / closing body 10. It is also possible to employ a configuration in which the opening / closing body is stored, or an opening / closing body that is stored in a flat shape without being wound or folded.
[0023]
The opening / closing body 11 is made of, for example, a flame-retardant fabric such as glass cloth or silica cloth, a vinyl chloride resin sheet material subjected to fluorine processing, a synthetic resin sheet material containing glass fibers, or the like.
The opening / closing body main body 11 includes a plurality of substantially rectangular belt-like sheet materials that are long in the opening / closing body width direction (a direction that is substantially orthogonal to the opening / closing direction of the opening / closing body and not the thickness direction of the opening / closing body). It may be configured to be sewn so as to be connected, or may be configured by cutting a single sheet material into a substantially rectangular shape.
An opening 11a having a substantially rectangular notch shape through which an object such as a person or an object can pass is formed on the lower end side of the opening / closing body main body 11. Further, a seat is formed at the lowermost end of the opening / closing body main body 11. A bag portion 11b for connecting the plate member 14 is formed.
[0024]
The retaining portions 13a and 13b are metal rod-like members that are fixed to the opening / closing body main body 11 in a penetrating manner and project both end sides in the opening / closing body thickness direction. A plurality of them are provided at predetermined intervals in the opening / closing direction of the opening / closing body 10, and are internally provided in the guide rail 20 in the closed state of the opening / closing body 10.
When the opening / closing body 10 moves in a direction away from the guide rail 20, the retaining portions 13 a and 13 b come into contact with the contact portion 21 in the guide rail 20, so that the opening / closing body 10 comes off the guide rail 20. To prevent.
[0025]
That is, when the opening / closing body 10 bends in the thickness direction due to a wind pressure, a pressure difference outside the opening / closing body, or the like, the end in the width direction of the opening / closing body 10 comes out from the guide rail 20 in the opening / closing body width direction. Try to move in the direction. During this movement, the retaining portions 13 a and 13 b abut against the abutment portion 21 in the guide rail 20, thereby preventing the opening / closing body 10 from coming off the guide rail 20.
The moving direction includes a direction in which the opening / closing body 10 simply moves in the width direction, and a direction in which the opening / closing body 10 has both the width direction and the thickness direction due to the influence of wind pressure or the like. Including the direction of the case.
[0026]
Of the retaining portions 13a and 13b, the retaining portion denoted by reference numeral 13a is configured to prevent the amount of movement W1 (see FIG. 2A) when the opening / closing body 10 moves away from the guide rail 20 from other retaining portions. It is set smaller than the similar movement amount W2 (see FIG. 2B) in the part 13b. These movement amounts W1 and W2 are distances between the retaining portions 13a and 13b and the abutting portion 21 in the guide rail 20.
[0027]
According to the retaining portions 13a and 13b configured as described above, when a difference in atmospheric pressure occurs between the inside and outside of the opening / closing body 10 in the closed state, when the central side of the opening / closing body 10 bends and bulges to a low pressure side, the swelling The amount can be reduced (see FIG. 3B).
More specifically, the bulging amount is particularly small in the portion a substantially corresponding to the retaining portion 13a having a small movement amount, but the opening / closing body 10 is a member that is continuous in the width direction and the opening / closing direction. The bulging amount is suppressed to some extent as a whole due to the fact that the bulging amount of the portion a substantially corresponding to the retaining portion 13a is reduced.
[0028]
In the present embodiment, in order to effectively suppress the bulging amount over the entire opening / closing body 10, the retaining portion 13a having a small movement amount is arranged at the center or the center between the end portions in the opening / closing direction of the opening / closing body 10. It is arranged in the vicinity.
[0029]
Further, in the present embodiment, in order to improve the closing performance of the door body 12, the position of the retaining portion 13a with a small amount of movement in the opening / closing body opening / closing direction is set to the fastening portion 12b (opening / closing) on the upper end side of the door body 12. Corresponding to the body).
That is, for example, in the conventional technique shown in FIG. 3A, when the bulging amount in the fastening portion 12b ′ is large, the lower end side of the door body 12 ′ is on the bulging side (left side in FIG. 3) of the opening / closing body 10 ′. Since it hangs down right below, the closing property by the dead weight of the door body 12 'lower end side is impaired, and a gap is generated between the door body 12' and the opening / closing body body 11 '.
However, according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3B, the lower end side of the door body 12 is close to the opening / closing body main body 11 because the bulging amount at the fastening portion 12 b on the upper end side of the door body 12 is small. It is easy to do, and the closing property by the dead weight of the door body 12 lower end side is comparatively good.
[0030]
The door body 12 is a substantially rectangular sheet material provided on both the front surface side and the back surface side of the opening / closing body 10.
Each door body 12 is made of a sheet material that is substantially the same material as the opening / closing body body 11, and similarly to the opening / closing body body 11, a plurality of substantially rectangular belt-like sheet materials that are long in the opening / closing body width direction are sewn so as to be connected in the vertical direction. You may comprise, and you may comprise by cutting a sheet material into a rectangular shape.
Moreover, the lower end side of each door body 12 is formed in a longitudinal cross-section bag shape, and a weight member 12a is attached to the bag-like portion of the door body 12 so as to assist the closing operation by its own weight. It is inherent over the width direction.
[0031]
Each door body 12 is sewn and fixed to the opening / closing body main body 11 so that the fastening portion 12b on the upper end side is along the upper edge of the opening portion 11a, and the end portions other than the fastening portion 12b. The opening 11a is closed by overlapping the side with the surface around the opening 11a.
Specifically, the left and right end sides of each door body 12 are overlapped in the vicinity of the opening 11 a in the opening / closing body main body 11, and the lower end side of each door body 12 is overlapped with the upper side of the seat plate member 14. It has been.
[0032]
Further, a connecting means 30 for connecting the door bodies 12 and 12 so as to be openable and closable is provided between the front and back door bodies 12 and 12 and inside the opening 11a. Is provided.
[0033]
The connecting means 30 may be configured to connect both the door bodies 12 and 12 in the opening 11a so as to be openable and closable. According to a preferred example of the present embodiment, the connecting means 30 is detachable. A so-called velvet fastener composed of a connecting portion 31 and a connected portion 32 is used. The connecting means 30 secures the connecting portion 31 to the inner surface of one door body 12 and connects the connected portion 32 to the inner surface of the other door body 12 so as to be engaged with and disconnected from the connecting portion 31. It is fixed.
[0034]
And this connection means 30 is arrange | positioned in the location used as the left-and-right side edge vicinity of the opening part 11a so that the clearance gap between the inner surface of the left-right side edge side in each door body 12 and the surface of the opening-closing body main body 11 may be made small. It is preferable. Here, the vicinity means, for example, two parts on both ends in the width direction among four parts obtained by dividing the width dimension of the opening part 11a into approximately four parts, and more preferably on the side of the opening part 11a. The part is close to the edge.
Further, when the central side of the opening / closing body 11 bulges to a low pressure side due to the difference between the internal and external pressures, the connection means 30 opens and closes the lower end side of the door body 12 suspended from the bulging side surface. It is preferable that the door body 12 is disposed on the lower end side so that a gap is not easily formed between the body main body 11 and the upper portion of the seat plate member 14.
Furthermore, when the central side of the opening / closing body 10 bulges out due to the difference between the internal and external air pressures, the connecting means 30 causes the door body 12 to follow the concave side surface (the surface on the high pressure side) and bends it. From the viewpoint of preventing a gap from being generated between the body 12 and the opening / closing body main body 11, it is preferable that the door body 12 is disposed at a substantially central side in the vertical direction.
Further, when a plurality of the connection means 30 are provided, as described above, it is preferable that they are respectively disposed at the lower end side of the door body 12 and the approximate center between the end portions in the vertical direction.
From another point of view, the arrangement direction of the connection means 30 is preferably a direction having a component in the opening / closing body width direction. According to the plurality of connection means 30 having this arrangement direction, when receiving wind pressure, etc. It can suppress that the both ends of the width direction of the door body 12 flutter.
Therefore, in a preferred example of the present embodiment, the connection member 30 is arranged at least at four locations shown below. That is, the connection means 30 is arranged in the opening / closing body width direction at two substantially central positions between the upper and lower end portions of the door body 12 in the vicinity of the left and right side edges of the opening 11a. It is arrange | positioned at a total of four places by arrange | positioning at the opening-and-closing body width direction also at two places on the lower end side. Needless to say, the connecting means may be arranged at other locations in addition to the four locations.
[0035]
According to the connection means 30 having the above-described configuration, the closing performance of the opening portion 11a by the door body 12 can be favorably maintained even when a tension acts on the opening / closing body 10.
That is, for example, according to the prior art shown in FIGS. 5A1 to 5A3, the inner and outer door bodies 12 ′ and 12 ′ are engaged with the opening / closing body main body 11 by the engagement / disengagement means 30 ′ such as a velvet fastener. Therefore, when a tension is generated in the opening / closing body 10 ′ due to a difference in internal and external pressures, the engagement by the engaging / disengaging means 30 ′ may be released due to the tension.
However, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 5B1 and 5B2, the inner and outer door bodies 12 and 12 are directly connected by the connecting means 30, and the door bodies 12 and 12 and the opening / closing body main body are connected. 11 is secured, the door bodies 12 and 12 and the opening / closing body main body within the range of the overlapping allowance P even when tension is generated in the opening / closing body 10 due to a difference in the internal and external pressures. The above-mentioned tension is released by the slide between the two.
Note that the overlapping margin P is such that no gap is generated between each door body 12 and the opening / closing body main body 11 even when a tension is generated in the opening / closing body 10 due to a difference in internal or external pressure. , 12 and the opening / closing body 11 is set to be larger than the assumed maximum slide width.
Further, according to the illustrated example, the operation in the width direction of the opening / closing body 10 is shown. However, even when tension is generated in the opening / closing direction of the opening / closing body 10 (in the state shown in FIG. 3B), the door The slide between the lower end side of the bodies 12, 12 and the upper portion of the seat plate member 14 and the opening / closing body main body 11 has an effect of releasing the tension.
[0036]
Reinforcing members 15a, 15b, 15c1, and 15c2 for reinforcing stress concentration locations are fixed to one or both of the front and back surfaces of the opening / closing body main body 11.
The reinforcing members 15a, 15b, 15c1 and 15c2 are made of a sheet material so as to avoid as much as possible that the winding diameter is eccentric and large when the opening / closing body 10 is wound around the winding shaft. In order to obtain a cost reduction effect by sharing the material, it is preferable to use a sheet material of the same material as the opening / closing body body 11 or the door body 12.
[0037]
The means for fastening these reinforcing members 15a, 15b, 15c1, and 15c2 to the opening / closing body main body 11 may be technical means such as sewing or adhesion.
In the aspect in which the means is sewn, it is preferable that the direction of the sewing thread is not made to intersect the direction of the tension so as to oppose the tension acting on the opening / closing body 10 by the strength of the sewing thread (in other words, the opening / closing body The main body 11 is preferably in a direction that intersects the tear direction when the main body 11 is torn by tension.) Particularly preferably, the direction of the sewing thread is substantially parallel to the direction of the tension. The width direction or the opening / closing direction.
Further, the mode in which the means is bonded is a preferable mode in which the opening / closing body main body 11 is not penetrated by the sewing thread, and thus the strength of the opening / closing body main body 11 is difficult to be lowered, but the bonded reinforcing members 15a, 15b, An adhesive that sufficiently considers adhesive strength, weather resistance, durability, and the like is selected so that 15c1 and 15c2 are not peeled off.
[0038]
The reinforcing member 15a is provided along the upper edge of the opening portion 11a and overlapped with the fastening portion at the upper end of the door body 12, so that the corner portions b and b on both the left and right sides of the upper edge of the opening portion 11a are stressed. Prevent tearing due to concentration.
That is, in the prior art shown in FIG. 4A, for example, when the opening / closing body 10 bulges to a low pressure side due to the difference between the internal and external atmospheric pressures, the corner-shaped portions b on the left and right ends on the upper edge of the opening 11a ′. There is a concern that the vicinity of ', b' may be torn due to stress concentration.
However, in the present embodiment, the vicinity of the corner portions b, b on the left and right ends of the upper edge of the opening 11a are overlapped with the fastening portion 12b at the upper end of the door body 12 and the fastening portion 12b. Since the reinforcing member 15a is double reinforced, it is possible to prevent tearing due to stress concentration.
[0039]
Further, the reinforcing member 15 a is provided over substantially the entire length in the width direction of the opening / closing body 10, thereby suppressing the bending and elongation of the entire opening / closing body 10 in the width direction.
Further, the reinforcing member 15a is arranged corresponding to the retaining portion 13a having a small movement amount, thereby reinforcing a portion where the tension is particularly large because the movement amount is small.
[0040]
Further, the reinforcing member 15b is fixed to the portions where the retaining portions 13a and 13b are disposed on the left and right end portions of the opening / closing body 10, and the periphery of the retaining portions 13a and 13b is damaged by stress concentration. To prevent.
Furthermore, the reinforcing member 15b is provided continuously over the opening / closing direction of the opening / closing body 10, thereby suppressing the bending / extension of the opening / closing body 10 in the opening / closing direction and acting when the opening / closing body 10 is wound up. The opening / closing body 10 is reinforced against the tension in the direction.
[0041]
Reinforcing members 15c1 (opening 11a side) and 15c2 (opening / closing body main body 11 side end) reinforce left and right end portions of the opening / closing body main body 11 on the upper end side of the bag portion 11b.
That is, the bag portion 11 b is configured by bending the lower end side of the opening / closing body main body 11 in a folded manner and sewing the bent upper end portion to the surface of the opening / closing body main body 11. Therefore, the upper end side of the bag portion 11b may be weakened due to the thread being penetrated during sewing. The reinforcing members 15c1 and 15c2 reinforce the sewn portion on the upper end side of the bag portion 11b so as not to tear from the left and right end sides due to stress concentration.
Each of the reinforcing members 15c1 and 15c2 is bent in two, and is fixed to the openable / closable body 11 with a sewn portion of the bag portion 11b interposed therebetween.
[0042]
The seat plate member 14 is formed by bundling and fixing weight members formed inside and outside the bag portion 11b with a cover member or the like, and when the opening and closing body 10 is closed, the opening and closing body 10 is pulled downward by its own weight, It is a member that comes into contact with the floor surface or the like.
The guide rail 20 is a member formed in a substantially U-shaped cross section surrounding the end of the opening / closing body 10 by drawing or extruding an aluminum alloy material. At the opening edge to be inserted, abutting portions 21 and 21 are provided so as to protrude so as to abut on the retaining portions 13a and 13b when moving away from the guide rail 20.
According to the opening / closing device 1 having the above configuration, the guide rail 20 is fixedly installed in advance and is used as a member for guiding the opening / closing body 10 in the opening / closing direction. A member that is substantially upright on both sides in the width direction of the opening / closing body 10 in a closed state and that is in the same state as the guide rail 20 and suppresses bending and fluttering of the opening / closing body 10. The guide rail is a member that can be stored and received in response to the opening / closing operation 10 (interlocking type), and a member that is sent and stored by an operation independent of the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing body 10 (non-interlocking type). The opening / closing device 1 may be configured such that the guide rail 20 is replaced with an interlocking type or non-interlocking type guide rail as described above.
[0043]
Thus, according to the opening / closing device 1 having the above-described configuration, the configuration of the retaining portions 13a and 13b can effectively suppress the swelling of the opening / closing body 10 due to a difference in internal and external atmospheric pressure, and Due to the mounting structure, it is possible to maintain good closing performance by the door body 12 when tension is applied to the opening / closing body 10, and furthermore, the stress concentration points in the opening / closing body 10 by the reinforcing members 15a, 15b, 15c1, 15c2. Can be effectively reinforced.
[0044]
In addition, according to the said embodiment, although the corner | angular part b and b are provided in the location where the upper edge and side edge in the opening part 11a meet, the upper edge and side edge are connected with the curve by the said part. In addition, by forming it into an R-processed shape, it is possible to omit the corner-like portions b and b and reduce the stress concentration acting on the location.
[0045]
Further, according to the embodiment, the reinforcing members 15a, 15b, 15c1 and 15c2 are connected to the vicinity of the corner portions b and b of the opening 11a and the end of the bag portion 11b for connecting the seat plate member 14. However, the reinforcing member may have any structure as long as a sheet-like member is fixed to the stress concentration portion of the opening / closing body 10, for example, as shown in FIG. As described above, a relatively small viewing window rectangular opening 11c is formed in the opening / closing body 11, and a sheet-like reinforcing member 15d is fixed in the vicinity of the square of the rectangular opening 11c. Good. In addition, in this aspect, the rectangular opening 11c may have a penetrating shape, or may be closed with a transparent sheet material so as to improve the closing property of the casing opening by the opening / closing body 10.
[0046]
Moreover, in the said structure, when the said opening part 11a is formed in the penetration shape which is not closed with the said transparent sheet | seat material, the said opening bodies 11a are closed from the inside and outside, and the said door bodies 12 and 12 are formed. By providing two door bodies (not shown) having the same configuration as the above and connecting means (not shown) having the same configuration as the connecting means 30, the opening / closing body 10 can be closed by the opening / closing body 10. While making it favorable, you may make it the opening part 11a open and close as needed.
[0047]
Moreover, as another aspect of the reinforcing member, for example, an opening is formed by forming a cut (not shown) in the opening / closing body main body 11 and pressing, pulling, or rolling the portion along the cut. (Not shown) may be configured, and a sheet-like member may be fixed in the vicinity of the cut valley.
[0048]
Moreover, according to the said embodiment, although the securing parts 13a and 13b have shown the preferable aspect which protruded in the thickness direction from the front and back both surfaces of the opening-and-closing body main body 11, it engages in the guide rail 20 If it is set as the structure which prevents that the opening / closing body 10 slips out from the guide rail 20 by this, it is good also as an aspect which protrudes in the thickness direction from one surface of the front and back surfaces of the opening / closing body main body 11.
[0049]
Further, the connecting means 30 is limited to the embodiment using the velvet fastener as long as it is configured to connect both the door bodies 12 and 12 in the opening 11a so as to be openable and closable. For example, a so-called hook used for a magnet or clothes may be used. However, both door bodies 12 and 12 can be easily attached and detached, and both door bodies 12 and 12 are used. In order to be connected by its own weight, it is preferable that the above velvet fastener or magnet is used.
[0050]
Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the connecting means 30 may be a connecting means 30 ′ in which both door bodies 12, 12 are fixedly attached at the central side in the width direction. According to this connecting means 30 ′, both door bodies 12 and 12 are opened by pushing, pulling, rolling, etc. on the side end sides (see FIG. 7B), and tension is applied to the opening / closing body 10. In this case, as in the above embodiment, the tension can be released by sliding between the door bodies 12 and 12 and the opening / closing body main body 11 (see FIG. 7C).
Further, in this aspect, the connecting means 30 ′ is configured to be detachable or only removable so that it can be removed in an emergency or the like so that the opening 11a is largely opened. Also good.
[0051]
The connecting means 30 may be any means that connects both the door bodies 12 and 12 within the opening 11a so as to be openable and closable. As another specific example of the connecting means 30, Both the door bodies 12 and 12 are connected so that they can be removed by means such as adhesion or sewing, and the connected portions are detached or peeled off so that the door bodies 12 and 12 are separated. The aspect etc. which 12 was open | released and the door bodies 12 and 12 were closed with dead weight may be sufficient.
[0052]
Further, the connection means 30 may be replaced with connection means (not shown) for temporarily opening and closing both the door bodies 12 and 12 according to a predetermined condition.
That is, the opening / closing body 10 is in a fully open state in a normal state and in a fully closed state in the event of a fire, but the state of both the door bodies 12 and 12 is the initial stage of fire occurrence in which a person may pass for evacuation. At this stage, it is considered that there is almost no possibility of people evacuating after the fire progresses and becomes a full-scale fire, the temperature and smoke concentration increase, with the passage being more focused on the passage. For this, it is preferable to place the closed state with more importance on the closed state.
Further, as the state of the doors 12 and 12 in other situations, for example, in a storage room, a laboratory, etc. In order to avoid a passable state and to establish a connection state, for example, to temporarily permit passage of a person, an object, or the like, it is preferable to set the connection state in a state where it can pass only for a short time from a predetermined time.
Therefore, although the doors 12 and 12 are not normally connected to the connection means that allows both the doors 12 and 12 to be temporarily opened and closed according to predetermined conditions, There is a mode in which the two door bodies 12 and 12 are connected in a normal state but are disconnected in accordance with a predetermined condition. What is necessary is just to select suitably according to etc.
As a specific example of the connecting means, one or both of an engaging portion (not shown) and an engaged portion (not shown) provided between the both door bodies 12 and 12 described above, It is formed by using a member that is deformed by the influence of heat such as a so-called shape memory alloy or bimetal, and the member is deformed by heat during a fire or the like so that the engaging portion is engaged with or disengaged from the engaged portion. An example is given.
As another specific example of the connecting means, one or both of a joint portion (not shown) and a joint portion (not shown) provided between the both door bodies 12 and 12 are electromagnets. An example in which a sensor for detecting heat, smoke, pressure, or the like is provided, and when the detection signal of the sensor satisfies a predetermined condition, the one or both members are magnetized and joined together. Can be mentioned. In this connection means, the joining portion using the electromagnet and the joined portion are engaged and disengaged by another electric mechanism using a motor or the like (not shown) and the engaged portion (see FIG. (Not shown) can be substituted.
In addition, as another specific example of the connecting means, one or both of a joint portion (not shown) and a joint portion (not shown) provided between the door bodies 12 and 12 described above, It is composed of a member (for example, a foaming agent) that generates adhesiveness due to thermal influence, and the joining portion and the joined portion are joined by the adhesive force of the member when subjected to thermal influence during a fire or the like. An example is given.
Further, as another specific example of the connecting means, an engaging portion (not shown) that engages when pressed by a pressure equal to or higher than a predetermined pressure between the door bodies 12 and 12 and the engaged member. A joint portion (not shown) is provided, and the engagement portion and the engaged portion are engaged with each other by a pressure higher than a predetermined pressure received by the door bodies 12 and 12 or a pressing force of an object or the like. An example is given.
[0053]
Further, according to the above-described embodiment, when tension is generated in the opening / closing body 10 due to a difference in atmospheric pressure between the inside and outside, the door bodies 12 and 12 and the opening / closing body main body 11 are within the range of the overlap allowance P. However, in the unlikely event that the tension is too large, the end of each door 12 is not provided with a gap between the doors 12 and 12 and the opening / closing body 11. A regulating means 40 (see FIG. 8) for regulating the sliding amount of the door body 12 and the opening / closing body main body 11 may be provided between the inner surface of the opening / closing body main body 11 and the surface of the opening / closing body main body 11 near the opening 11a.
As a preferable mode of the restricting means 40, an engagement portion 41 that projects in the opening / closing body thickness direction is provided on the inner surface of each door body 12 on the end side, and the opening / closing body main body 11 is opened / closed on the surface near the opening 11 a. An engaged portion 42 that protrudes in the body thickness direction and can be engaged with the engaging portion 41 is provided. And according to this aspect, even when the sliding amount between each door body 12 and the opening-and-closing body main body 11 is comparatively large, the sliding amount is contact | abutting with the said engaging part 41 and the said to-be-engaged part 42. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a gap from being generated between each door body 12 and the opening / closing body main body 11.
[0054]
Moreover, according to the said embodiment, although the said opening part 11a and the door body 12 were arrange | positioned in the center side of the width direction of the opening / closing body 10, the left side or right side of the opening / closing body 10 may be sufficient.
Further, the opening 11a and the door 12 are formed in a part of the lower part of the opening / closing body 10 as in the present embodiment in order to have a necessary minimum area allowing passage of a person or an object. However, it is also possible to arrange the opening / closing body 10 over the entire length or substantially the entire length in the opening / closing direction.
[0055]
Moreover, according to the said embodiment, although the said opening part 11a was made into the shape cut out in the substantially rectangular shape, it is set as a circular shape, an ellipse shape, a triangular shape, an inverted triangular shape, other polygonal shapes, a slit, and a notch | incision. In particular, in order to improve the passage of people and objects, at least the lower part has a shape with a wide area with good passage of people and objects, and the passage of people and objects. It is preferable that it is a shape which becomes wide toward the lower end side so that property may be made favorable.
In addition, as described above, the connection means 30 is also provided when the opening 11a has a shape whose width dimension changes in the opening and closing direction, such as a circular shape, an elliptical shape, a triangular shape, an inverted triangular shape, or other polygonal shapes. It is preferable that the door body 12 and the peripheral surface of the opening 11a are disposed in the vicinity of the overlapped portion as in the form of, and further, in order to further improve the closing performance by the door body 12 The width dimension changing in the opening / closing direction is preferably arranged in a wider part or in the vicinity of the part. In this case, the “wider portion” is preferably a portion wider than half of the maximum width of the opening 11a, for example.
[0056]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained.
According to the first invention, since the door body on both the front surface side and the back surface side of the opening / closing body main body is connected by the connecting means, flameproofness, smokeproofness, etc. when the opening is closed by the door body It has excellent closeability.
In addition, when tension is applied to the opening / closing body due to the effect of atmospheric pressure outside the opening / closing body, the tension is released by sliding between the door bodies and the surface around the opening, and Since the end side of each door body is overlapped with the surface around the opening, it is difficult to create a gap around each door body.
Therefore, in addition to being excellent in closing property when the opening is closed by the door body, the closing property by the door body can be maintained well even when a tension acts on the opening / closing body.
[0057]
Further, according to the second invention, it is possible to open the opening greatly by disconnecting the connection means, and it is also possible to reconnect both door bodies by the connection means.
Moreover, since the tension acting on the opening / closing body is released by sliding between the door body and the surface surrounding the opening, the connection force by the connecting means is taken into consideration as the opening / closing body tension like the conventional attaching / detaching means. There is no need to strengthen it.
Therefore, the connection force by the connection means can be set to a necessary minimum force so that the connection by the connection means can be easily disconnected when the door body is opened.
[0058]
Further, according to the third invention, even when the central side of the opening / closing body bulges due to the pressure difference between the inside and outside, the door body is brought close to the surface around the opening portion, thereby making the opening portion close by the door body. Can be good.
[0059]
  In addition, the fourthThru sixthAccording to this invention, since the clearance gap between a door body and the surrounding surface of an opening part becomes small, the closing property of the opening part by a door body can be improved further.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front perspective view of an essential part showing an example of a switchgear according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the retaining portion of the switchgear, wherein (a) shows the structure of the retaining portion with a small amount of movement, and (b) shows the structure of the other retaining portions. Yes.
3A and 3B are schematic longitudinal sectional views showing the operation of the switchgear by comparison with the prior art, in which FIG. 3A shows the prior art, and FIG. 3B shows an example of the switchgear according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic front perspective view showing the operation of the switchgear in comparison with the prior art, (a) showing the prior art, and (b) showing an example of the switchgear according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the operation of the switchgear by comparison with the prior art, (a1) to (a3) show the prior art, and (b1) to (b2) are the switchgear according to the present invention. An example is shown.
FIG. 6 is a front perspective view showing another example of a reinforcing member.
FIGS. 7A and 7B are cross-sectional views showing another example of the door body mounting structure, in which FIG. 7A shows a state in which the door body is closed, and FIG. 7B shows the door body partially due to the passage of an object. The opened state is shown, and (c) shows the state where the opening / closing body has received a difference in pressure between the inside and outside.
FIGS. 8A and 8B are cross-sectional views showing another example of a door body mounting structure, in which FIG. 8A shows a state where the opening / closing body is not subjected to a difference in atmospheric pressure, and FIG. 8B is a difference between atmospheric pressures inside and outside the opening / closing body. The state that received.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: Opening and closing device
10: Opening and closing body
11: Opening / closing body
11a: opening
12: Door
30: Connection means
P: Overlay allowance

Claims (6)

少なくともシート状の部位に、開口部を設けている開閉体本体と、該開閉体本体の表面側と裏面側との双方に配設されて前記開口部を閉鎖するシート状の扉体とを備え、これら開閉体本体と扉体とからなる開閉体により空間を仕切るようにした開閉装置において、
前記双方の扉体の間には、これら双方の扉体を、開閉可能なように、前記開口部内で接続する接続手段が設けられ、
前記各扉体は、上端側を前記開閉体本体に固定することで、該開閉体本体に対し固定されていない部位が捲られて前記開口部を開放するように設けられるとともに、その端部側における前記開閉体本体に固定されていない部位を、前記開閉体本体における前記開口部の周囲の面に重ね合わせて前記開口部を閉鎖していることを特徴とする開閉装置。An opening / closing body main body provided with an opening at least in a sheet-like portion, and a sheet-like door body disposed on both the front side and the back side of the opening / closing body main body to close the opening. In the opening / closing device that partitions the space by the opening / closing body composed of the opening / closing body main body and the door body,
Between the two door bodies, there is provided a connecting means for connecting the door bodies in the opening so as to be opened and closed.
Each door body is provided with an upper end side fixed to the opening / closing body main body so that a portion not fixed to the opening / closing body main body is rolled and the opening is opened, and the end side switchgear, characterized in that said part position which is not fixed to the opening and closing body, and superimposed on the surface around the opening in the closing body closes the opening in. 上記接続手段は、上記双方の扉体を着脱可能に接続する手段であることを特徴とする請求項１記載の開閉装置。  2. The switchgear according to claim 1, wherein the connecting means is a means for detachably connecting both the door bodies. 上記扉体は、上記開閉体本体に対して吊り下げ状に設けられ、上記接続手段は、この扉体における上下端部間の略中央以下の範囲内に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載の開閉装置。  The door body is provided in a suspended form with respect to the opening / closing body main body, and the connecting means is disposed within a range approximately equal to or less than the center between the upper and lower ends of the door body. Item 3. The switchgear according to item 1 or 2. 上記接続手段は、前記開口部の内側において、上記扉体と上記開口部の周囲の面とが重ね合わせられた部位の近傍となる位置に、少なくとも一箇所配置されていることを特徴とする請求項１乃至３何れか１記載の開閉装置。Said connecting means, inside of the opening, at a position in the vicinity of the site where the surface of the periphery of the door body and the opening portion is superimposed, and characterized in that it is at least Ichi箇Tokorohai location The switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 3. 上記開口部は略矩形状に形成され、
上記双方の扉体の各々は、上端側の止着部を、前記開口部の上縁に沿うようにして上記開閉体本体に固定されるとともに、前記止着部以外の端部側を、上記開閉体本体における前記開口部の周囲の面に重ね合わせることで前記開口部を閉鎖し、
上記接続手段は、前記開口部の内側において、前記開口部の左右の側縁近傍に対応する位置で上記双方の扉体を接続するように具備されていることを特徴とする請求項１乃至４何れか１項記載の開閉装置。 The opening is formed in a substantially rectangular shape,
Each of the two door bodies is fixed to the opening / closing body main body so that the fastening portion on the upper end side is along the upper edge of the opening, and the end side other than the fastening portion is Closing the opening by overlapping the surface around the opening in the opening / closing body,
The said connection means is comprised so that the said both door bodies may be connected in the position corresponding to the side edge vicinity of the said opening part inside the said opening part. The opening / closing apparatus of any one of Claims. 上記開口部は略矩形状に形成され、The opening is formed in a substantially rectangular shape,
上記双方の扉体の各々は、上端側の止着部を、前記開口部の上縁に沿うようにして上記開閉体本体に固定されるとともに、前記止着部以外の端部側を、上記開閉体本体における前記開口部の周囲の面に重ね合わせることで前記開口部を閉鎖し、  Each of the two door bodies is fixed to the opening / closing body main body so that the fastening portion on the upper end side is along the upper edge of the opening, and the end side other than the fastening portion is Closing the opening by overlapping the surface around the opening in the opening and closing body,
上記接続手段は、前記開口部の内側において、前記扉体の下端側に対応する位置で上記双方の扉体を接続するように具備されていることを特徴とする請求項１乃至４何れか１項記載の開閉装置。  The said connection means is comprised so that the said both door bodies may be connected in the position corresponding to the lower end side of the said door body inside the said opening part. The switchgear according to item.
JP2003047721A 2003-02-25 2003-02-25 Switchgear Expired - Fee Related JP3968034B2 (en)

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JP4169765B2 (en) * 2006-05-22 2008-10-22 株式会社ノハラガードシステム Fireproof smoke shield
US8037921B2 (en) 2006-06-05 2011-10-18 Rite-Hite Holding Corporation Track and guide system for a door
US7748431B2 (en) 2006-06-05 2010-07-06 Rite-Hite Holding Corporation Track and guide system for a door
KR101283203B1 (en) 2010-12-20 2013-07-05 이기철 Apparatus to insulate in the window frame
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