JP3989060B2 - New polyphenol compounds - Google Patents

New polyphenol compounds Download PDF

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JP3989060B2
JP3989060B2 JP23647397A JP23647397A JP3989060B2 JP 3989060 B2 JP3989060 B2 JP 3989060B2 JP 23647397 A JP23647397 A JP 23647397A JP 23647397 A JP23647397 A JP 23647397A JP 3989060 B2 JP3989060 B2 JP 3989060B2
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solution
acid
peak
polyphenol compound
present
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JPH1160591A (en
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康次郎 森光
忍 小池
由美子 鈴木
充克 佐藤
俊彦 大澤
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Mercian Corp
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Mercian Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、活性酸素消去作用および血小板凝集阻害作用を有する新規なポリフェノール化合物に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
動物性脂肪の摂取量と虚血性心疾患による死亡率には、正の相関関係がある。しかしフランス人は、高脂肪、高カロリーの食事をとっているにもかかわらず同様の食事をとっている他の諸国民に比べ虚血性心疾患による死亡率が低いことが疫学的に知られている。この所謂「フレンチ・パラドックス(French paradox)」といわれる現象は、WHOによる大規模な調査によっても裏付けられたが、その後、動物性脂肪の摂取量からワインの消費量にある係数をかけて差し引いてみると、フランス人の場合を含めて極めて高い相関関係があることが明らかにされた[Lancet,339,1523〜26(1992)]。すなわち、多量の動物性脂肪を摂取してもワインを飲んでいれば、虚血性心疾患のリスクが低減されるということである。その後、作用機序に関する研究が進み、ワイン中に含まれるポリフェノール類の優れた活性酸素消去能および血小板凝集抑制作用がその大きな要因となっていることが明らかにされてきている。しかし、天然界に数多くあるポリフェノール類のうち、どの分子種が強い活性を有しているかはあまり明らかにされていない。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、活性酸素消去能および血小板凝集阻害能を有する新規なポリフェノール化合物を提供するものである。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、フレンチ・パラドックスに寄与している物質を化学的に解明するため、赤ワイン中の色素、特に色素の発酵および熟成過程での変化に着目し、赤ワイン中の成分を単純化したモデルワイン溶液を用いてその成分変化について検討を加えた。
【0005】
本発明者らが検討に用いたモデルワイン溶液は、下記式(II)で示されるマルビジン 3−グルコシド(malvidin 3−glucoside)トリフルオロ酢酸塩、下記式(III)で示される(−)−エピカテキン(epicathechin)、およびアセトアルデヒドを含む12%(V/V)エタノール水溶液(pH3.2)である。本発明者らは、この溶液を室温において靜置しておくと、下記の条件下で高速液体クロマトグラフィーにより分析したときに保持時間が24.5分および26.3分に新たなピークが現れることを見出した。
【0006】
【化2】

Figure 0003989060
【0007】
【化3】
Figure 0003989060
【0008】
(条件)
カラム:Develosil ODS−5(8φ×250mm、野村化学製)
移動相:17%アセトニトリル水溶液(0.25%トリフルオロ酢酸含有)
流速:0.8ml/分
検出:UV280nm
【0009】
さらにこれらのピークに対応する物質を単離して構造を決定したところ、これらの物質は、マルビジン 3−グルコシドと(−)−エピカテキンがアセトアルデヒドを介して結合した互いに立体異性の関係にある新規なポリフェノール化合物であること、しかもそれらの化合物が優れた活性酸素消去能および血小板凝集阻害能を有することを見出し、本発明を完成した。
【0010】
本発明により提供される活性酸素消去能および血小板凝集阻害能を示す新規物質は、下記式(I)[式中、X-は酸のアニオンを示す]で示されるポリフェノール化合物である。
【化4】
Figure 0003989060
【0011】
式(I)で示されるポリフェノール化合物のうち、前記の条件下で高速液体クロマトグラフィーにより分析したときに保持時間が24.5分を示す化合物(以下、ピーク1というときがある)のトリフルオロ酢酸塩の物理化学的性質は、以下のとおりである。
(1)色および形状:赤色粉末
(2)酸性、塩基性、中性の区別:酸性
(3)マススペクトル:(FAB−MS、マトリックス:NBA):m/z 809(M+
【0012】
(4)紫外部吸収吸収スペクトル:
(4−1)50%メタノール水溶液(塩酸でpH1.0に調整)中で測定した結果は下記のとおりである。
λmax(nm):427(sh)、518
(4−2)12%エタノール水溶液(5g/lの酒石酸を含み、塩酸でpH1.6に調整)中で測定した結果は下記のとおりである。
λmax(nm):453(sh)、534
(4−3)12%エタノール水溶液(5g/lの酒石酸を含み、塩酸でpH3.2に調整)中で測定した結果は下記のとおりである。
λmax(nm):453(sh)、538
(4−4)12%エタノール水溶液(5g/lの酒石酸を含み、塩酸でpH4.8に調整)中で測定した結果は下記のとおりである。
λmax(nm):453(sh)、553
【0013】
(5)溶解性:メタノール、アセトニトリルに易溶。水に可溶。酢酸エチルに難溶。クロロホルム、ヘキサンに不溶。
【0014】
(6)1H−NMRスペクトル(溶媒:重メタノール)
δTMS(ppm):8.80(1H,s)、6.67(1H,s)、7.88(1H,s)、7.88(1H,s)、3.88(1H,s)、3.88(1H,s)、5.28(1H,d,J=7.6Hz)、4.36(1H,s)、2.80(1H,dd,J=16.8Hz,4.4Hz)、2.69(1H,dd,J=16.8Hz,2.6Hz)、6.08(1H,d,J=5.7Hz)、6.34(1H,d,J=8.0Hz)、6.16(1H,d,J=8.0Hz)、5.31(1H,q,J=14.9Hz,7.3Hz)、1.81(3H,d,J=7.6Hz)、3.5〜4.0(6H,m)
【0015】
(11)13C−NMRスペクトル(溶媒:重メタノール)
δTMS(ppm):75.2(d),78.3(d),71.0(d),78.6(d),62.2(t),103.4(d),162.3(s),145.0(s),135.1(d),113.3(s),156.5(s),103.4(d),167.8(s),115.7(s),120.3(s),110.4(d),149.4(s),145.9(s),57.1(q),20.2(q),27.3(d),80.5(d),66.2(d),30.0(t),100.6(s),156.1(s),109.8(d),155.6(s),114.2(s),155.1(s),131.3(s),115.3(d),145.5(s),145.6(s),116.1(d),120.0(d)
【0016】
また式(I)で示されるポリフェノール化合物のうち、前記の条件下で高速液体クロマトグラフィーにより分析したときに保持時間が26.3分を示す化合物(以下、ピーク2というときがある)のトリフルオロ酢酸塩の物理化学的性質は、以下のとおりである。
(1)色および形状:赤色粉末
(2)酸性、塩基性、中性の区別:酸性
(3)マススペクトル:(FAB−MS、マトリックス:NBA):m/z 809(M+
【0017】
(4)紫外部吸収吸収スペクトル:
(4−1)50%メタノール水溶液(塩酸でpH1.0に調整)中で測定した結果は下記のとおりである。
λmax(nm):436(sh)、519
(4−2)12%エタノール水溶液(5g/lの酒石酸を含み、塩酸でpH1.6に調整)中で測定した結果は下記のとおりである。
λmax(nm):453(sh)、536
(4−3)12%エタノール水溶液(5g/lの酒石酸を含み、塩酸でpH3.2に調整)中で測定した結果は下記のとおりである。
λmax(nm):453(sh)、545
(4−4)12%エタノール水溶液(5g/lの酒石酸を含み、塩酸でpH4.8に調整)中で測定した結果は下記のとおりである。
λmax(nm):453(sh)、559
【0018】
(5)溶解性:メタノール、アセトニトリルに易溶。水に可溶。酢酸エチルに難溶。クロロホルム、ヘキサンに不溶。
【0019】
(6)1H−NMRスペクトル(溶媒:重メタノール)
δTMS(ppm):8.90(1H,s)、6.61(1H,s)、7.85(1H,s)、7.85(1H,s)、3.95(1H,s)、3.95(1H,s)、5.38(1H,d,J=7.6Hz)、4.62(1H,s)、2.81(1H,dd,J=16.8Hz,4.1Hz)、2.72(1H,dd,J=16.7Hz,2.3Hz)、6.11(1H,d,J=5.7Hz)、6.26(1H,d,J=8.0Hz)、6.02(1H,d,J=8.0Hz)、5.59(1H,q,J=15.2Hz,7.4Hz)、1.77(3H,d,J=7.7Hz)、3.5〜4.0(6H,m)
【0020】
(11)13C−NMRスペクトル(溶媒:重メタノール)
δTMS(ppm):75.0(d),78.2(d),70.7(d),78.5(d),61.9(t),102.9(d),162.4(s),145.4(s),134.7(d),113.4(s),156.7(s),104.3(d),167.4(s),112.7(s),153.6(s),120.1(s),110.4(d),149.1(s),145.6(s),56.9(q),19.3(q),26.5(d),81.0(d),66.5(d),28.9(t),101.0(s),156.5(s),96.2(d),155.3(s),108.0(s),154.8(s),131.4(s),114.9(d),145.0(s),145.3(s),116.0(d),119.3(d)
【0021】
本発明のポリフェノール化合物は、先に述べたとおり、マルビジン 3−グルコシド、(−)−エピカテキンおよびアセトアルデヒドを含むエタノール水溶液を酸性条件下、室温において静置しておくと次第に生成してくる。これらの化合物の生成反応は、上述した条件にて高速液体クロマトグラフィーを行うことにより追跡することができる。
【0022】
図1は以下に示す組成のモデルワイン溶液を室温にて静置したときの各成分の経時変化を示した図である。
(モデルワイン溶液の組成)
マルビジン 3−グルコシド トリフルオロ酢酸塩 0.3mM
(−)−エピカテキン 2mM
アセトアルデヒド 35.8mM
酒石酸 5g/l
エタノール 12%(V/V)
pH3.2
【0023】
図1から明らかなように本発明の化合物の生成量はピーク1およびピーク2いずれについても15〜20日後に最大になり、以降は徐々に減少する。このため本発明のポリフェノール化合物を効率的に取得するためには反応開始後15〜20日経過した時点で精製に付すことが望ましい。
【0024】
本発明のポリフェノール化合物の精製は、反応溶液をあらかじめ濃縮し、分取高速液体クロマトグラフィーを繰返し用いて精製し、最終的に上述した条件で高速液体クロマトグラフィーを行うことにより目的物を純粋に得ることができる。
【0025】
本発明のポリフェノール化合物を構成する酸のアニオンは、無毒性のイオンであれば特に制限はないが、好適なものとして塩化物イオン、臭化物イオンなどのハロゲン化物イオン、硫酸イオン、硝酸イオン、リン酸イオン、酢酸イオン、乳酸イオン、クエン酸イオン、マレイン酸イオンなど各種イオンを挙げることができる。これらの酸のアニオンは、イオン交換等の公知手段により相互に交換することができ、目的のポリフェノール化合物を得ることができる。
【0026】
また本発明のポリフェノール化合物は、ヒポキサンチンオキシダーゼが生産する活性酸素を低濃度で消去するので、活性酸素消去剤として有用である。
(活性酸素消去作用)
いずれも0.1Mリン酸緩衝液(pH7.8)に溶解した2.0mMヒポキサンチン溶液50μl、5.5mM DTPA(diethylenetriamine−N,N,N’,N”,N”−pentaacetic acid)35μl、9.2M DMPO(5,5−dimethyl−1−pyrroline N−oxide)15μlおよびキサンチンオキシダーゼ(0.33U/ml)50μlを混合し、試験試料50μlを加え、室温で1分30秒反応させた。なお、キサンチンオキシダーゼの1酵素単位(U)は、pH7.5、25℃の条件下で、1分間に1.0μmolのキサンチンを尿酸に変換する酵素量である。
【0027】
反応溶液中に存在する活性酸素量はESRスペクトル(装置:型式JES−TE200(日本電子社製)を用い吸収のピークを記録し、ピークの2回積分より面積値を求め、以下の式に従い活性酸素消去活性(%)を算出した。
[1−(試料添加時のピーク面積/試料無添加時のピーク面積)]×100(%)
【0028】
本発明のポリフェノール化合物ピーク1およびピーク2のIC50は、それぞれ20μMおよび16μMであった。同じ条件下で測定したマルビジン 3−グルコシド トリフルオロ酢酸塩および(−)−エピカテキンのIC50は、78μMおよび13μMであった。
【0029】
また本発明のポリフェノール化合物は、ヒト血液より調製した血小板の凝集を低濃度で阻害するので、血小板凝集阻害剤として有用である。
【0030】
(ヒト血液由来の血小板凝集阻害作用)
ヒト血液9.0mlに3.8%(W/V)クエン酸ナトリウムを1.0ml加え、よく混合した後、1000rpm(700g)で10分間遠心分離し、多血小板血漿(PRP)を調製した。PRP200μlに測定試料(メタノール溶液)1μlを加え、37℃で3分間のプレインキュベーションの後、凝集惹起剤(インデューサー)として、アラキドン酸(最終濃度:1mM)またはADP(アデノシン二リン酸、最終濃度:10μM)を20μl添加し、血小板凝集計(ヘマトレーサー、日立バイオサイエンス社製)にて凝集曲線を記録させた。コントロール(試料無添加時)の最大凝集率を100%とし、測定試料の血小板凝集阻害率を求めた。
【0031】
本発明のポリフェノール化合物ピーク1およびピーク2、マルビジン 3−グルコシド トリフルオロ酢酸塩および(−)−エピカテキンのIC50は、以下のとおりである。
【0032】
【表1】
Figure 0003989060
【0033】
以上述べたとおり本発明のポリフェノール化合物は、ヒポキサンチンオキシダーゼの酵素反応により生成する活性酸素を低濃度で消去するので、活性酸素が原因となって引き起こされる疾患、すなわち動脈硬化、肝機能障害、がんなどの予防あるいは治療に適用されることが期待できる。また同様に本発明のポリフェノール化合物は、アラキドン酸またはアデノシン二リン酸(ADP)により誘発される血小板凝集反応を低濃度で阻害するので、血小板の異常凝集が原因となって引き起こされる疾患、すなわち血栓、脳梗塞、心筋梗塞などの予防あるいは治療に適用されることが期待できる。
【0034】
【実施例】
参考例 マルビジン 3−グルコシドの製造
乾燥したぶどう果皮80gに10%ギ酸−メタノール溶液500mlを加え、可溶物を抽出し、果皮を濾過にて除いた後、減圧濃縮して体積を約1/4まで濃縮した。これに蒸留水を加え、総量500mlとした後、酢酸エチル500mlを用いて抽出した。水層を分取し、さらにイソアミルアルコール500mlを用いて抽出した。有機層を分取し、これに5倍量のベンゼンと水をそれぞれ加え、撹拌、抽出した。水層を分取後、約100mlまで減圧濃縮し、得られたアントシアニン単量体混合物を下記の条件による高速液体クロマトグラフィーに付し、保持時間21.0分に溶出するマルビジン 3−グルコシド トリフルオロ酢酸塩を約200mg得た。
【0035】
(HPLC条件)
カラム:Sep−Pak C18(ウォーターズ社製)
移動相:17%アセトニトリル水溶液(0.25%トリフルオロ酢酸を含む)
【0036】
実施例1
12%(V/V)エタノール水溶液500mlにマルビジン 3−グルコシドトリフルオロ酢酸塩0.3mM、アセトアルデヒド35.8mM、(−)−エピカテキン2mMおよび酒石酸5g/lとなるように各成分を溶解し、2Mトリフルオロ酢酸水溶液を用いてpHを3.2に調整し、モデルワイン溶液を調製した。
【0037】
室温中、暗所で15日間放置後、減圧濃縮し、液量を約50mlとした。これをSep−Pak C18カラム(ウォーターズ社製)にチャージし、水50mlで洗浄後、17%アセトニトリル水溶液(0.25%トリフルオロ酢酸含有)で溶出する画分を集めた。減圧濃縮した上記画分を高速液体クロマトグラフィー[カラム:Develosil ODS−5(8φ×250mm、野村化学製)、移動相:17%アセトニトリル水溶液(0.25%トリフルオロ酢酸含有)、流速:0.8ml/分、検出:UV280nm]にて繰り返し分取し、最終的にピーク1を2.0mg、ピーク2を10.0mg得た。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】モデルワイン溶液を室温にて静置したときの各成分の経時変化を示した図である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a novel polyphenol compound having an active oxygen scavenging action and a platelet aggregation inhibiting action.
[0002]
[Prior art]
There is a positive correlation between animal fat intake and mortality from ischemic heart disease. However, French people are epidemiologically known to have a lower mortality from ischemic heart disease than other nations who have a similar diet despite having a high-fat, high-calorie diet. Yes. This so-called “French paradox” phenomenon was supported by a large-scale survey by WHO, but after that, the amount of animal fat consumed was subtracted by a factor in wine consumption. When it sees, it became clear that there is a very high correlation including the case of French [Lancet, 339, 1523-26 (1992)]. That is, even if a large amount of animal fat is ingested, drinking wine will reduce the risk of ischemic heart disease. Since then, research on the mechanism of action has progressed, and it has been clarified that the excellent active oxygen scavenging ability and the platelet aggregation inhibitory action of polyphenols contained in wine are the major factors. However, of the many polyphenols in nature, it has not been clarified which molecular species have strong activity.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention provides a novel polyphenol compound having an ability to eliminate active oxygen and an ability to inhibit platelet aggregation.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to chemically elucidate substances contributing to the French paradox, the present inventors have focused on pigments in red wine, particularly changes in the fermentation and ripening process of pigments, and simplified the components in red wine. The change of the component was examined using the model wine solution.
[0005]
The model wine solution used for the study by the present inventors is malvidin 3-glucoside trifluoroacetate salt represented by the following formula (II), and (−)-epi represented by the following formula (III). It is a 12% (V / V) aqueous ethanol solution (pH 3.2) containing catechin (epicathechin) and acetaldehyde. When the inventors left this solution at room temperature, new peaks appeared at retention times of 24.5 minutes and 26.3 minutes when analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography under the following conditions. I found out.
[0006]
[Chemical 2]
Figure 0003989060
[0007]
[Chemical 3]
Figure 0003989060
[0008]
(conditions)
Column: Develosil ODS-5 (8φ × 250 mm, manufactured by Nomura Chemical)
Mobile phase: 17% acetonitrile aqueous solution (containing 0.25% trifluoroacetic acid)
Flow rate: 0.8 ml / min Detection: UV 280 nm
[0009]
Further, when substances corresponding to these peaks were isolated and their structures were determined, these substances were found to be novel with a stereoisomeric relationship with malvidin 3-glucoside and (-)-epicatechin bound via acetaldehyde. The present inventors have found that the compounds are polyphenol compounds, and that these compounds have excellent active oxygen scavenging ability and platelet aggregation inhibiting ability.
[0010]
The novel substance exhibiting the ability to eliminate active oxygen and the ability to inhibit platelet aggregation provided by the present invention is a polyphenol compound represented by the following formula (I) [wherein X represents an anion of an acid].
[Formula 4]
Figure 0003989060
[0011]
Among the polyphenol compounds represented by the formula (I), trifluoroacetic acid which is a compound (hereinafter sometimes referred to as peak 1) showing a retention time of 24.5 minutes when analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography under the above conditions The physicochemical properties of the salt are as follows.
(1) Color and shape: red powder (2) Distinguishing between acidic, basic, and neutral: acidic (3) Mass spectrum: (FAB-MS, matrix: NBA): m / z 809 (M + )
[0012]
(4) UV absorption absorption spectrum:
(4-1) The results of measurement in a 50% aqueous methanol solution (adjusted to pH 1.0 with hydrochloric acid) are as follows.
λmax (nm): 427 (sh), 518
(4-2) The results of measurement in a 12% aqueous ethanol solution (containing 5 g / l tartaric acid and adjusted to pH 1.6 with hydrochloric acid) are as follows.
λmax (nm): 453 (sh), 534
(4-3) The results of measurement in a 12% aqueous ethanol solution (containing 5 g / l tartaric acid and adjusted to pH 3.2 with hydrochloric acid) are as follows.
λmax (nm): 453 (sh), 538
(4-4) The results of measurement in a 12% aqueous ethanol solution (containing 5 g / l tartaric acid and adjusted to pH 4.8 with hydrochloric acid) are as follows.
λmax (nm): 453 (sh), 553
[0013]
(5) Solubility: Easily soluble in methanol and acetonitrile. Soluble in water. Insoluble in ethyl acetate. Insoluble in chloroform and hexane.
[0014]
(6) 1 H-NMR spectrum (solvent: deuterated methanol)
δTMS (ppm): 8.80 (1H, s), 6.67 (1H, s), 7.88 (1H, s), 7.88 (1H, s), 3.88 (1H, s), 3.88 (1H, s), 5.28 (1H, d, J = 7.6 Hz), 4.36 (1H, s), 2.80 (1H, dd, J = 16.8 Hz, 4.4 Hz) ), 2.69 (1H, dd, J = 16.8 Hz, 2.6 Hz), 6.08 (1H, d, J = 5.7 Hz), 6.34 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz) 6.16 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz), 5.31 (1H, q, J = 14.9 Hz, 7.3 Hz), 1.81 (3H, d, J = 7.6 Hz), 3.5-4.0 (6H, m)
[0015]
(11) 13 C-NMR spectrum (solvent: deuterated methanol)
δTMS (ppm): 75.2 (d), 78.3 (d), 71.0 (d), 78.6 (d), 62.2 (t), 103.4 (d), 162.3 (S), 145.0 (s), 135.1 (d), 113.3 (s), 156.5 (s), 103.4 (d), 167.8 (s), 115.7 ( s), 120.3 (s), 110.4 (d), 149.4 (s), 145.9 (s), 57.1 (q), 20.2 (q), 27.3 (d) ), 80.5 (d), 66.2 (d), 30.0 (t), 100.6 (s), 156.1 (s), 109.8 (d), 155.6 (s) , 114.2 (s), 155.1 (s), 131.3 (s), 115.3 (d), 145.5 (s), 145.6 (s), 116.1 (d), 120.0 (d)
[0016]
Of the polyphenol compounds represented by the formula (I), trifluoro of a compound (hereinafter sometimes referred to as peak 2) having a retention time of 26.3 minutes when analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography under the above conditions. The physicochemical properties of acetate are as follows.
(1) Color and shape: red powder (2) Distinguishing between acidic, basic, and neutral: acidic (3) Mass spectrum: (FAB-MS, matrix: NBA): m / z 809 (M + )
[0017]
(4) UV absorption absorption spectrum:
(4-1) The results of measurement in a 50% aqueous methanol solution (adjusted to pH 1.0 with hydrochloric acid) are as follows.
λmax (nm): 436 (sh), 519
(4-2) The results of measurement in a 12% aqueous ethanol solution (containing 5 g / l tartaric acid and adjusted to pH 1.6 with hydrochloric acid) are as follows.
λmax (nm): 453 (sh), 536
(4-3) The results of measurement in a 12% aqueous ethanol solution (containing 5 g / l tartaric acid and adjusted to pH 3.2 with hydrochloric acid) are as follows.
λmax (nm): 453 (sh), 545
(4-4) The results of measurement in a 12% aqueous ethanol solution (containing 5 g / l tartaric acid and adjusted to pH 4.8 with hydrochloric acid) are as follows.
λmax (nm): 453 (sh), 559
[0018]
(5) Solubility: Easily soluble in methanol and acetonitrile. Soluble in water. Insoluble in ethyl acetate. Insoluble in chloroform and hexane.
[0019]
(6) 1 H-NMR spectrum (solvent: deuterated methanol)
δTMS (ppm): 8.90 (1H, s), 6.61 (1H, s), 7.85 (1H, s), 7.85 (1H, s), 3.95 (1H, s), 3.95 (1H, s), 5.38 (1H, d, J = 7.6 Hz), 4.62 (1H, s), 2.81 (1H, dd, J = 16.8 Hz, 4.1 Hz) ), 2.72 (1H, dd, J = 16.7 Hz, 2.3 Hz), 6.11 (1H, d, J = 5.7 Hz), 6.26 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz) 6.02 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz), 5.59 (1H, q, J = 15.2 Hz, 7.4 Hz), 1.77 (3H, d, J = 7.7 Hz), 3.5-4.0 (6H, m)
[0020]
(11) 13 C-NMR spectrum (solvent: deuterated methanol)
δTMS (ppm): 75.0 (d), 78.2 (d), 70.7 (d), 78.5 (d), 61.9 (t), 102.9 (d), 162.4 (S), 145.4 (s), 134.7 (d), 113.4 (s), 156.7 (s), 104.3 (d), 167.4 (s), 112.7 ( s), 153.6 (s), 120.1 (s), 110.4 (d), 149.1 (s), 145.6 (s), 56.9 (q), 19.3 (q ), 26.5 (d), 81.0 (d), 66.5 (d), 28.9 (t), 101.0 (s), 156.5 (s), 96.2 (d) , 155.3 (s), 108.0 (s), 154.8 (s), 131.4 (s), 114.9 (d), 145.0 (s), 145.3 (s), 116.0 (d), 119.3 (d)
[0021]
As described above, the polyphenol compound of the present invention is gradually formed when an aqueous ethanol solution containing malvidin 3-glucoside, (−)-epicatechin and acetaldehyde is allowed to stand at room temperature under acidic conditions. The production reaction of these compounds can be followed by performing high performance liquid chromatography under the above-mentioned conditions.
[0022]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the change over time of each component when a model wine solution having the following composition is allowed to stand at room temperature.
(Composition of model wine solution)
Malvidin 3-glucoside trifluoroacetate 0.3 mM
(−)-Epicatechin 2 mM
Acetaldehyde 35.8 mM
Tartaric acid 5g / l
Ethanol 12% (V / V)
pH 3.2
[0023]
As is apparent from FIG. 1, the amount of the compound of the present invention is maximized after 15 to 20 days for both peak 1 and peak 2, and gradually decreases thereafter. For this reason, in order to efficiently obtain the polyphenol compound of the present invention, it is desirable to carry out purification when 15 to 20 days have elapsed after the start of the reaction.
[0024]
The polyphenol compound of the present invention is purified by concentrating the reaction solution in advance, purifying by repeatedly using preparative high performance liquid chromatography, and finally performing high performance liquid chromatography under the above-mentioned conditions to obtain the target product purely. be able to.
[0025]
The anion of the acid constituting the polyphenol compound of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a non-toxic ion. However, halide ions such as chloride ion and bromide ion, sulfate ion, nitrate ion, and phosphoric acid are preferable. Various ions such as ions, acetate ions, lactate ions, citrate ions and maleate ions can be mentioned. These acid anions can be exchanged with each other by known means such as ion exchange to obtain the desired polyphenol compound.
[0026]
The polyphenol compound of the present invention is useful as an active oxygen scavenger because it eliminates the active oxygen produced by hypoxanthine oxidase at a low concentration.
(Reactive oxygen scavenging action)
All are 50 μl of 2.0 mM hypoxanthine solution dissolved in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.8), 35 μl of 5.5 mM DTPA (diethylethyleneamine-N, N, N ′, N ″, N ″ -pentaacetic acid), 9.2 M DMPO (5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide) 15 μl and xanthine oxidase (0.33 U / ml) 50 μl were mixed, test sample 50 μl was added, and the mixture was reacted at room temperature for 1 minute 30 seconds. One enzyme unit (U) of xanthine oxidase is the amount of enzyme that converts 1.0 μmol of xanthine to uric acid per minute under the conditions of pH 7.5 and 25 ° C.
[0027]
The amount of active oxygen present in the reaction solution is recorded as an absorption peak using an ESR spectrum (apparatus: model JES-TE200 (manufactured by JEOL Ltd.), and an area value is obtained by integrating the peak twice. The oxygen scavenging activity (%) was calculated.
[1- (peak area when sample is added / peak area when sample is not added)] × 100 (%)
[0028]
The IC 50 of polyphenol compound peak 1 and peak 2 of the present invention were 20 μM and 16 μM, respectively. The IC 50 of malvidin 3-glucoside trifluoroacetate and (−)-epicatechin measured under the same conditions was 78 μM and 13 μM.
[0029]
The polyphenol compound of the present invention is useful as a platelet aggregation inhibitor because it inhibits aggregation of platelets prepared from human blood at a low concentration.
[0030]
(Inhibition of human blood-derived platelet aggregation)
1.0 ml of 3.8% (W / V) sodium citrate was added to 9.0 ml of human blood, mixed well, and then centrifuged at 1000 rpm (700 g) for 10 minutes to prepare platelet-rich plasma (PRP). 1 μl of a measurement sample (methanol solution) is added to 200 μl of PRP, and after preincubation at 37 ° C. for 3 minutes, arachidonic acid (final concentration: 1 mM) or ADP (adenosine diphosphate, final concentration) is used as an inducing agent (inducer). : 10 μM) was added, and the aggregation curve was recorded with a platelet aggregometer (Hematracer, manufactured by Hitachi Bioscience). The maximum aggregation rate of the control (when no sample was added) was 100%, and the platelet aggregation inhibition rate of the measurement sample was determined.
[0031]
The IC 50 of polyphenol compound peak 1 and peak 2, malvidin 3-glucoside trifluoroacetate salt and (−)-epicatechin of the present invention is as follows.
[0032]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003989060
[0033]
As described above, since the polyphenol compound of the present invention eliminates the active oxygen produced by the enzyme reaction of hypoxanthine oxidase at a low concentration, diseases caused by the active oxygen, that is, arteriosclerosis, liver dysfunction, It can be expected to be applied to the prevention or treatment of cancer. Similarly, since the polyphenol compound of the present invention inhibits the platelet aggregation reaction induced by arachidonic acid or adenosine diphosphate (ADP) at a low concentration, a disease caused by abnormal platelet aggregation, ie, thrombus It can be expected to be applied to the prevention or treatment of cerebral infarction, myocardial infarction and the like.
[0034]
【Example】
Reference Example Manufacture of Malvidin 3-Glucoside To 80 g of dried grape skin, 500 ml of 10% formic acid-methanol solution was added to extract soluble matter, the skin was removed by filtration, and concentrated under reduced pressure to reduce the volume to about 1/4. Until concentrated. Distilled water was added thereto to make a total volume of 500 ml, followed by extraction with 500 ml of ethyl acetate. The aqueous layer was separated and extracted with 500 ml of isoamyl alcohol. The organic layer was separated, 5 times the amount of benzene and water were added thereto, and the mixture was stirred and extracted. The aqueous layer is collected and concentrated to about 100 ml under reduced pressure. The resulting anthocyanin monomer mixture is subjected to high performance liquid chromatography under the following conditions, and malvidin 3-glucoside trifluoro eluted at a retention time of 21.0 minutes. About 200 mg of acetate was obtained.
[0035]
(HPLC conditions)
Column: Sep-Pak C18 (manufactured by Waters)
Mobile phase: 17% acetonitrile aqueous solution (containing 0.25% trifluoroacetic acid)
[0036]
Example 1
Each component was dissolved in 500 ml of 12% (V / V) aqueous ethanol solution so that malvidin 3-glucoside trifluoroacetate 0.3 mM, acetaldehyde 35.8 mM, (−)-epicatechin 2 mM and tartaric acid 5 g / l, The pH was adjusted to 3.2 using 2M trifluoroacetic acid aqueous solution to prepare a model wine solution.
[0037]
After standing at room temperature in a dark place for 15 days, the solution was concentrated under reduced pressure to make the liquid volume about 50 ml. This was charged into a Sep-Pak C18 column (manufactured by Waters), washed with 50 ml of water, and fractions eluted with a 17% acetonitrile aqueous solution (containing 0.25% trifluoroacetic acid) were collected. The fractions concentrated under reduced pressure were subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography [column: Develosil ODS-5 (8φ × 250 mm, manufactured by Nomura Chemical), mobile phase: 17% acetonitrile aqueous solution (containing 0.25% trifluoroacetic acid), flow rate: 0. 8 ml / min, detection: UV 280 nm] repeatedly, and finally 2.0 mg of peak 1 and 10.0 mg of peak 2 were obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a graph showing changes with time of each component when a model wine solution is allowed to stand at room temperature.

Claims (1)

下記式(I)〔式中、X-は酸のアニオンを示す〕で示されるポリフェノール化合物を有効成分とする血小板凝集阻害剤。
Figure 0003989060
Formula (I) wherein, X - represents an anion of an acid] platelet aggregation inhibitor comprising as an active ingredient a polyphenol compound represented by the.
Figure 0003989060
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