JP3984079B2

JP3984079B2 - Hexagonal switching valve and filtration device

Info

Publication number: JP3984079B2
Application number: JP2002067452A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 茂菅沼; 博美村川
Original assignee: 株式会社川本製作所
Priority date: 2002-03-12
Filing date: 2002-03-12
Publication date: 2007-09-26
Anticipated expiration: 2022-03-12
Also published as: JP2003269630A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、例えばろ過器に接続して使用する六方切換弁およびこの六方切換弁を有するろ過装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
井戸水に溶存している不純物、例えば鉄分の除去には、一般に、井戸水に次亜塩素酸ナトリウム液を注入して、含まれる鉄分を酸化処理し、この酸化処理した井戸水（原水）をろ過器でろ過して、井戸水に含まれる鉄分を分離除去すること行われている。
【０００３】
家庭用の除鉄ろ過器では、筒状をなした縦形の収容容器の内部に微粒子状のろ過材を収容し、ろ過材層の上面から井戸水（原水）を供給して、ろ過材層に井戸水を通過させている。そして、井戸水がろ過材を通過する間に、含まれる鉄分がろ過されて分離除去されるようにしている。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、ろ過器のろ過材は、浄水が進むにしたがい目詰まりを起こす。
【０００５】
そこで、この対策として、従来、浄水処理した水を溜める構造を採用して、ろ過材が目詰まりを生じたときには、溜まった処理水をろ過器へ流入させて、ろ過材に付いた鉄分などを洗い流す逆洗運転を行なうようにしていた。
【０００６】
ところが、こうした逆洗浄運転を行なう構造は、ろ過器の原水入口や処理水出口などに弁装置を設けて切換システムを構成することが強いられ、多くの弁装置を用いることによるコスト的な負担が強いられる。
【０００７】
しかも、逆洗運転を終えた後、配管の一部は、汚れた逆洗水が溜まったり、汚れた逆洗水が触れたりしているので、その処置が求められるが、従来では、給水側に別途、排水弁を設けて、浄水運転を再開した直後、排水弁を操作して、汚れた水を捨てさせていた（洗浄）。このため、浄水が使用できるまでには、離れた地点にある多くの弁装置の操作が強いられるために、円滑に浄水運転、逆洗運転、洗浄運転の切換えが行えない難点があった。
【０００８】
そこで、本発明は、１つの弁装置で、浄水運転、原水を用いた逆洗運転、浄水運転を利用した洗浄運転の円滑な切換動作を可能とした六方切換弁およびろ過装置を提供する。
【０００９】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために請求項１、請求項４に記載の発明は、弁箱に、第１ないし第６の外部接続口と、第１ないし第５の流路と、第１ないし第３の弁体と、該第１ないし第３の弁体を所定のモードに切換える切換手段とを設けるというコンパクトに切換機能を集約した六方切換弁の採用により、第２の外部接続口をろ過器の原水供給口にセットし、第４の外部接続口をろ過器の処理水出口にセットして、第１の外部接続口から原水を流入するだけで、切換モードのしたがった各弁体の切換えにより、１つの弁装置だけで、通常の浄水運転、原水による逆洗運転、浄水運転を用いた洗浄運転の円滑な切換えが可能となる。
【００１０】
特に逆洗運転は、処理水による逆洗ではなく、浄水運転のときと同じ原水を用いるので、処理水を溜める設備は不要となり、しかも洗浄運転は浄水運転時の切換えを一部変更させるだけなので、処理水を逆洗運転に使用する場合に比べ、コスト的に安価ですむ。
【００１１】
請求項２に記載の発明は、浄水運転中や停止中のシール性を確保しつつ軽い操作力で流路の切換えが行えるよう、第１ないし第３の弁体は、いずれも弁室に非接触状態で回動可能に収まり、このうちの第１の弁体と第３の弁体には、弁体に追従して弁室内面を移動する球状のストッパ弁を内蔵し、さらに第１の弁体が収まる弁室には、第１の弁体が第１の切換位置に位置決めれるとストッパ弁で塞がる開口を形成した構造を用い、第３の弁体が収まる弁室には、第３の弁体が第５の切換位置に位置決められるとストッパ弁で塞がる開口が形成した構造を用いて、弁体の回動に伴う摺動抵抗を抑えるうえ、弁箱の内外シールが求められる箇所ではストッパ弁に加わる正圧を利用して確実なシールが得られるようにした。
【００１２】
請求項３に記載の発明は、各モードの切換えが自動で行えるよう、所定に位相させた第１の弁体と第２の弁体との相互を軸部材により同軸状に連結するとともにこの連結した弁体を回動させる第１の電動モータと、第３の弁体を回動させる第２の電動モータとを用いた切換構造を採用した。
【００１３】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を図１ないし図８に示す第１の実施形態にもとづいて説明する。
【００１４】
図１〜図３は、例えば一般家庭で用いられる井戸用ろ過装置を示し、図中１は該ろ過装置を構成するろ過器、例えば除鉄用ろ過器である。
【００１５】
このろ過器１は、例えば縦形の円筒形タンクから構成されている。円筒形タンクは、下部が塞がれ、上端が開口した円筒状の胴部３ａと、この胴部３ａの上部端を塞ぐ皿状又は球面状に形成された鏡板３ｂとから構成されている。そして、胴部３ａの上部端と鏡板３ｂの開口端の相互が、それら各開口端の外周部に取着してある環状のフランジ４を用いて着脱可能に締結してある。なお、５はフランジ４，４間に挟まれたガスケット部材、６はフランジ相互を締結するボルト、７はタンク全体を縦向きに据付けるための脚を示す。
【００１６】
胴部３ａ内には、開口寄りの地点から底部に形成されている集溜室８までの間に微粒子のろ過材９（例えばろ過砂など）が収容されている。また集溜室８の直上には、上面が塞がれたフィルター１０が埋め込まれ、ろ過材９、フィルター１０による２段ろ過構造を構成している。
【００１７】
また鏡板３ｂとこれに向き合うろ過材層の上面との間には流入室１１が形成してある。この流入室１１内には、流入配管１２が収められている。流入配管１２は、胴部３ａの開口側の周壁に据付けてある台座１３から胴部３ａ内の中央へ向かう横配管１４ａと、横配管１４ａの端部から鏡板３ｂの内面中央の近くまで立ち上がる縦配管１４ｂとを有している。そして、横配管１４ａの端部が、台座１３に形成してある流入口１５（原水供給口に相当）に接続してある。また縦配管１４ｂの端部は、鏡板３ｂの内面に臨んでいて、出口１６を形成している。
【００１８】
また台座１３には、流入口１５と並んで下側に流出口１７（処理水出口に相当）が形成してある。この流出口１７には、胴部３ａ内へ向かう流出配管１８が接続してある。この流出配管１８は、ろ過材９を貫通して下方へ延びていて、その先端部がフィルター１０を通して集溜室８に接続してある。
【００１９】
ろ過器１の台座１３には、六方切換弁２０が取付けられ、浄水運転、逆洗運転、洗浄運転が切換えられるようにしてある。
【００２０】
図４にはこの六方切換弁２０の模式構造が示され、図５には六方切換弁２０の全体の外観が示され、図６には同じく内部構造が示され、図７には同じく正面図および側面図が示され、図８は断面図が示されている。
【００２１】
この六方切換弁２０の構造について説明すると、図中２１は鋳造成形された弁箱を示す。弁箱２１は、３つの弁箱部２１ａ〜２１ｃから構成されている。このうち弁箱部２１ａは、流入口１５に組付く部分で、弁箱部２１ｂは流出口１７に組付く部分で、弁箱部２１ｃは弁箱部２１ｂに組付く部分である。
【００２２】
弁箱部２１ａは、図５〜図８に示されるように上部に底が形成され、下部に開口が形成された有底円筒状をなしている。
【００２３】
弁箱部２１ｂは、上側にリング状の溝部２５が形成され、その下側に下方へ開口する有底円筒状の空間が形成された本体部２６を有している。本体部２６の上部には、溝部２５の開口を塞ぐよう仕切板２７がねじ止めされる。また本体部２６の下部には、有底円筒状の空間を塞ぐように蓋体２８がねじ止めされ、内部に円筒形の弁室２９を形成している。そして、仕切板２７で弁箱部２１ａの開口を塞ぐよう、弁箱部２１ｂの上部と弁箱部２１ａの下部とが、互いにフランジ結合によって、同心状に直列に締結され、弁箱部２１ａの内部に円筒状の弁室３０を形成している。
【００２４】
弁室３０内の中央には、軸心方向に向かって延びる弁軸３１（軸部材に相当）が収められている。この弁軸３１の上端部は、弁箱部２１ａの上部から突き出ているボス部３２内に回動可能に嵌まり、下端部は、仕切板２７を貫通して、溝部２５の内周側の周壁で形成されるボス部分２５ａ内に回動可能に嵌まる。この弁軸３１には、例えばゴム部材で形成された弁体３３（第１の弁体に相当）が付いている。この弁体３３には、弁室３０の一部に収まる形状、例えば中心側が狭く、外周側が広くした略扇形状のブロックが用いてある。この弁体３３は、弁室３０とは隙間嵌めとなる形状、すなわち弁室３０の内面（外周面、上下面）との間で、若干の隙間が確保される形状に仕上げてあり、弁軸３１を支点として弁室３０の壁面と非接触を保ちながら該弁室３０内を回動できる構造にしてある。また弁体３３の下面には、軸心方向に延びる円筒状の穴３４が形成されている。この穴３４には、ストッパ弁、例えば球状部材で形成される球状弁体３５が移動自在に収めてある。この球状弁体３５は、穴３４内に収めたコイル状のスプリング部材３４ａにより、開口側、すなわち仕切板２７側へ付勢される構造としてあり、弁体３３の動きに追従して弁室３０の下面沿いに移動（変位）できるようにしてある。
【００２５】
弁室２９内の中央には、軸心方向に向かって延びる弁軸３７（軸部材に相当）が収められている。この弁軸３７の上端部は、弁箱部２１ｂの上部のボス部分２５ａ内に回動可能に嵌まり、下端部は蓋体２８に形成されたボス部２８ａに回動可能に嵌まる。そして、ボス部分２５ａ内で、弁軸３７の上端部と弁軸３１の下端部との相互がジョイント部、例えば凹溝とこれに嵌まる突片部とがなす嵌合部３８によって、同軸に結合させてある。この弁軸３７には、先の弁体３３と同様、略扇形状をなしたゴム部材製の弁体３９（第２の弁体に相当）が付いている。この弁体３９も弁体３３と同様、弁室２９と隙間嵌めとなる形状、すなわち弁室２９の内面（外周面、上下面）との間で、若干の隙間が確保される形状に仕上げてある。つまり、弁体３９も、弁軸３７を支点として弁室２９の壁面と非接触を保ちながら弁室２９内を回動できる構造にしてある。なお、弁体３９にはストッパ弁は付いていない。
【００２６】
弁箱部２１ｃは、上部に底が形成され、下部に開口が形成された有底円筒状の本体部４０を有している。この本体部４０の下端部には、有底円筒状の空間を塞ぐよう蓋体４１がねじ止めされ、内部に円筒形の弁室４３を形成している。この弁箱部２１ｃの側部と弁箱２１ｂの側部とが、各側部に形成された口体部４４同士の接続、具体的には口体部４４の端部同士によるフランジ結合により互いに並列に連なるように締結してある。各口体部４４の内腔は、弁室３０の周壁面、弁室４３の周壁面に開口していて、隣合う弁室３０，４３同士を連通させている。
【００２７】
弁室４３内の中央には、軸心方向に向かって延びる弁軸４５が収められている。この弁軸４５の上端部は、弁箱部２１ｃの上部から突き出るボス部４６内に回動自在に嵌まり、下端部は蓋体４１に形成されたボス部４１ａ（図７（ａ）に図示）内に回動可能に嵌まる。この弁軸３７には、先の弁体３３と同様の略扇形状をなしたゴム部材製の弁体４７（第３の弁体に相当）が付いている。この弁体４７も弁体３３と同様、弁室２９と隙間嵌めとなる形状、すなわち弁室４３の内面（外周面、上下面）との間で、若干の隙間が確保される形状に仕上げてあり、弁軸４５を支点として弁室２９の壁面と非接触を保ちながら弁室４３内を回動できる構造にしてある。この弁体４７の下面にも、先の弁体３３と同じく、ストッパ弁構造、具体的には円筒状の穴４８と、該穴４８に移動自在に収めた球状弁体４９（ストッパ弁）、該球状弁体３５を付勢するコイル状のスプリング部材５０が内蔵してある。
【００２８】
こうした各弁箱部２１ａ〜２１ｃの各部外面には、図５および図６に示されるように６つの外部接続口５１〜５６が形成してある。外部接続口５１は、原水流入用で、同接続口５１には弁箱部２１ａの側部、詳しくは弁箱部２１ａ〜２１ｃの列方向とは略直交する片側の側部から筒状の接続口体６０を突出させた構造が用いられる。そして、接続口体６０の先端部は、原水流入側の器材（原水流入機器につながる配管部材など）が取付くねじ孔としてある。また基端部は弁室３０の周壁面に開口していて、接続口体６０の先端から弁室３０内へ原水が導けるようにしてある。
【００２９】
外部接続口５２は、ろ過器１の流入口接続用で、同接続口５２には先の接続口体６０とは反対側の弁箱部２１ａの側部から、筒状の接続口体６１を突出させた構造が用いられる。そして、この接続口体６１の先端部には台座１３の流入口１５と取付くフランジ部６２が形成され、基端部は弁室３０の周壁面に開口している。つまり、接続口体６１は、弁室３０を通じて、接続口体６０と連通する。これにより、図４に示されるように外部接続口５１と外部接続口５２とを結ぶ流路８１（第１の流路に相当）を形成している。
【００３０】
外部接続口５３は、排水用で、同接続口５３には、弁箱部２１ｂの側部のうち溝部２５の外壁を形成する側部分から、筒状の接続口体６３を突出させた構造が用いられる。この接続口体６４の先端部は、排水配管６４（図１および図２のみ図示）が取付くねじ孔としてある。また基端部は、溝部空間と連通、さらには仕切板２７のうち弁体３３の球状弁体３５が通る軌跡をなす板面部分に形成した弁孔６６と連通している。つまり、接続口体６３は弁室３０と連通する。この弁室３０下面との連通により、図４に示されるように外部接続口５３と流路８１の途中を結ぶ流路８３（第３の流路に相当）を形成している。
【００３１】
外部接続口５４は、ろ過器１の流出口接続用で、同接続口５４には、弁箱部２１ｂの弁室２９の周壁をなす側部分から、筒状の接続口体６８を突出させた構造が用いられる。この接続口体６８は先の流入口接続用の接続口体６１と同方向に突き出ている。そして、接続口体６８の先端部には、台座１３の流出口１７と組付くフランジ部６９が形成してある。また接続口体６８の基端部は弁室２９の周壁面に開口している。
【００３２】
外部接続口５５は、処理水流出用で、同接続口５５には、弁箱部２１ｃの側部から、筒状の接続口体７０を突出させた構造が用いられる。そして、この接続口体７０の先端部には、給水側の器材（給水配管など）が取付く接続部、例えばねじ継ぎ手７１（図７、図８に図示）が組付けてある。また基端部は弁室４３の周壁面に開口している。これにより、図４に示されるように弁室２９、弁室４３を通じて、外部接続口５５と外部接続口５４とを結ぶ流路８２（第２の流路に相当）を形成している。
【００３３】
一方、原水流入用の接続口体６０には、図４、図５および図７に示されるようにその途中から弁箱部２１ｂへ分かれる分岐口体６０ａが形成されている。この分岐口体６０ａの先端部は、接続口体６０と同じ向きで弁箱部２１ｂの側部に取着されている。そして、その先端を弁室３０の周壁面に開口させている。これにより、図４に示されるように原水を弁室３０に導く通路７２を形成している。この通路７２により、図４に示されるように外部接続口５１と流路８２の上流側部分とを結ぶ流路８４を形成している。
【００３４】
外部接続口５６は、排水用で、同接続口５６には、弁室４３の下部をなす蓋体４１から、筒状の接続口体７３を突出させた構造が用いられる。この接続口体７３の先端部は、排水配管６４が取付くねじ孔としてある。また基端部は、弁体４７の球状弁体４９が通る軌跡をなす板面部分に形成した弁孔７５に連通している。この連通構造により、図４に示されるように外部接続口５６と流路８２の下流側部分とを結ぶ流路８５を形成している。
【００３５】
他方、流路８１と流路８３が交わる流路部分に有る弁体３３には、弁室３０に開口する各開口位置と関連づけて、図４（ａ）に示されるように例えば横向姿勢のとき流路８１を連通させるとともに流路８３を遮断させる切換位置Ａと、図４（ｂ）に示されるように例えば９０°位相した縦向姿勢のとき流路８３と外部接続口５２とを連通させるとともに流路８２を遮断させる切換位置Ｂとが設定してある。つまり、弁体３３が各切換位置に回動すると、流路８１と流路８３の切換えが行われるようにしてある。また流路８３の入口をなす弁孔６６は、弁体３３が切換位置Ａに至ると、弁体３３に内蔵の球状弁体３５で塞がれる構造としてあり、球状弁体３５に加わる流体の圧力を利用して、外部に流体が漏れるのを防ぐ構造としてある。
【００３６】
流路８２と流路８４が交わる流路部分にある弁体３９には、弁室２９に開口する各開口位置に関連づけて、図４（ａ）に示されるように例えば縦向姿勢のとき、流路８２を連通させるとともに流路８４を遮断させる切換位置Ｃ、図４（ｂ）に示されるように例えば９０°位相した横向姿勢のとき、流路８４と外部接続口５４とを連通させるとともに流路８４を遮断させる切換位置Ｄが設定してある。つまり、弁体３９が各切換位置に回動すると、流路８２と流路８４の切換えが行われるようにしてある。
【００３７】
流路８２と流路８５が交わる流路部分にある弁体４７は、弁室４３に開口する各開口位置に関連づけて、図４（ａ）に示されるように縦向姿勢のとき、流路８２を流通させるとともに流路８５を遮断させる切換位置Ｅ、図４（ｂ），（ｃ）に示されるように例えば９０°位相した横向姿勢のとき、流路８２と流路８５とを連通させるとともに流路８２を遮断させる切換位置Ｆが設定してある。つまり、弁体４７が各切換位置に回動すると、流路８２と流路８５の切換えが行われるようにしてある。また流路８５の入口をなす弁孔７５は、弁体４７が切換位置Ｅに至ると、弁体４７に内蔵の球状弁体４９で塞がれる構造としてあり、球状弁体４９に加わる流体の圧力を利用して、外部に流体が漏れるのを防ぐ構造としてある。
【００３８】
そして、弁箱部２１ａのボス部３２の端部には、図８に示されるように電動モータ７７が据え付けてある。なお、３２ａはボス部３２の端部に形成したモータ取付用のフランジ部を示す。そして、電動モータ７７の出力軸は、ボス部３１内の弁軸３２の上端部に、ジョイント部、例えば凹凸嵌合部３２ａを介して接続してあり、位相させてある２つの弁体３３，３９を連携させながら回動できるようにしてある。
【００３９】
また弁箱部２１ｃのボス部４６の端部には、電動モータ７９が据え付けてある。なお、４６ａはボス部４６の端部に形成したモータ取付用のフランジ部を示す。そして、電動モータ７９の出力軸は、ボス部４６内の弁軸４５の上端部に、ジョイント部、例えば凹凸嵌合部４５ａを介して接続してあり、弁体４７を回動できるようにしてある。
【００４０】
こうした六方切換弁２０が、ろ過器１の流入口１５に外部接続口５２が合致、ろ過器１の流出口１７に外部接続口５４とが合致するよう、フランジ部６２，６９を用いて、ろ過器１の台座１３に取付けてある。
【００４１】
そして、電動モータ７７，７９の回動による六方切換弁２０の切換えにより、浄水運転モード、原水による逆洗運転モード、浄水運転を活用した洗浄運転モードの各切換えが行えるようにしている（切換手段）。具体的には、浄水運転モード（第１の切換モード）は、図４（ａ）に示されるように弁体３３が切換位置Ａ、弁体３９が切換位置Ｃ、弁体４７が切換位置Ｅに切換わることで形成され、逆洗運転モード（第２の切換モード）は、図４（ｂ）に示されるように弁体３３が切換位置Ｂ、弁体３９が切換位置Ｄおよび弁体４７が切換位置Ｆに切換わることで形成され、洗浄運転モード（第３の切換モード）は図４（ｃ）に示されるように弁体３３が切換位置Ａ、弁体３９が切換位置Ｃ、弁体４７が切換位置Ｆに切換わることで形成されている。
【００４２】
またろ過器１には、電動モータ７７，７９の制御から、各モードの自動切換えを行う制御部８６が据え付けられていて、通常は浄水運転が行われ、ろ過材９で所定以上の目詰まりが生じると、逆洗運転に切換わり、所定時間経過後、逆洗運転が終了すると、洗浄運転が開始され、該洗浄運転が所定時間経過すると、再び浄水運転に戻る切換制御が行われるようにしてある。
【００４３】
すなわち、ろ過器１で浄水を行なうときは、給水ポンプ（図示しない）の運転により、図１に示されるように六方切換弁２０の外部接続口５１へ酸化処理を終えた原水となる井戸水を供給する。
【００４４】
ここで、六方切換弁２０は、制御部８６の指示で行われる電動モータ７７，７９による弁駆動により、図４（ａ）に示されるように各弁体３３，３９，４７は、浄水運転モードＡに切換わっている。つまり、弁体３３は切換位置Ａに回動され、弁体３９は切換位置Ｃに回動され、弁体４７は切換位置Ｅに回動している。なお、このとき排水側となる弁孔６６，７５は、球状弁体３５，４９で塞がれるうえ、さらに球状弁体３５，４９の上側から加わる圧力（正圧）により球状弁体３５，４９が弁孔６６，６７の開口縁に押付けられるので、高いシール性が確保されている。
【００４５】
すると、井戸水は、流路８１および弁室３０を通じて外部接続口５２から、ろ過器１の流入配管１２へ導入される。すると、井戸水は、流入配管１２の出口１６から流出される。
【００４６】
これにより、図１（ａ）に示されるようにろ過材層の上面へ井戸水が流れ込む。この流れ込んだ井戸水が、ろ過材９の各部を浸透、さらにはフィルター１０を通過する間に、含まれる鉄分がろ過される（鉄分の除去）。ろ過処理を終えた処理水は、集溜室８、流出配管１８を経て、六方切換弁２０の外部接続口５４へ戻される。そして、この処理水が、流路８２、弁室２９，４３を通じて、六方切換弁外、つまり外部接続口５５から、給水設備の給水配管（図示しない）へ導出される（給水側）。
【００４７】
こうした浄水運転が継続され、ろ過材９において目詰まりが生じたとする。
【００４８】
すると、制御部８６により、浄水運転モードから逆洗運転モードへ切換わる。これにより、各弁体３３，３９，４７は、電動モータ７７，７９の弁駆動により、図４（ｂ）に示されるように９０°位相した地点へ回動する。具体的には、弁体３３は切換位置Ｂに切換わり、弁体３９は切換位置Ｄに切換わり、弁体４７は切換位置Ｆに切換わる。
【００４９】
すると、図２および図４（ｂ）に示されるように外部接続口５１から流入した井戸水（原水）は、外部接続口２には向かわずに、流路８４、弁室２９、流路８２の上流側部分を経て、外部接続口５４から流出配管１８へ導出される。
【００５０】
これにより、井戸水は、ろ過器１の底部にある集溜室８へ導かれ、フィルター１０から、過材層へ流れ込む。この井戸水が、ろ過材層を通過するとき、ろ過材９を撹拌して、ろ過材９に付着している鉄分など不純物を洗い流す。
【００５１】
この不純物で汚水となった井戸水は、出口１６から流入配管１２へ流れ込んで、流入口１５から外部接続口５２へ戻される。すると、この汚水が、流路８１、弁室３０を通り、弁孔６６から流路８３通過して、外部接続口５３から排水配管６４へ排出される。これにより、原水を用いた逆洗運転が行われる。
【００５２】
そして、所定時間経過により、ろ過器１の目詰まりが解消されたとすると、制御部８６の指示により、今度は洗浄運転モードに切換わる。すると、図４（ｃ）に示されるように弁体４７の切換位置は変わらず、各弁体３３，３９だけが電動モータ７７の駆動により、浄水運転のときと同じ、９０°位相した地点へ戻る。具体的には、弁体３３は切換位置Ａに切換わり、弁体３９は切換位置Ｃに切換わる。
【００５３】
これにより、図３および図４（ｃ）に示されるように外部接続口５１へ供給された井戸水（原水）は、流路８１、弁室３０を通じて、外部接続口５２から流入口１５、流入配管１２を経て、ろ過材層の上面へ流出される。これにより、原水である井戸水は、逆洗浄時に流路内面や弁室内面や弁体表面などに付着した不純物を洗い流しながら、ろ過材９を通過する。この井戸水は、集溜室８、流出配管１８を経て、六方切換弁２０の外部接続口５４へ戻され、逆洗浄時に流出配管１８の内面などに付着した不純物を洗い流す。続いて、この井戸水は、流路８２を経て、弁孔７５から流路８５へ流れ、逆洗浄時に流路８２の上流部分や弁室内面や弁体表面などに付着した不純物を洗い流す。この汚れを含んだ井戸水が、外部接続口５６から排水配管６４へ排出される。この洗浄運転によって、逆洗浄の後に生じる汚水は給水側へ送られずにすむ。
【００５４】
この洗浄運転が所定時間続くと、制御部８６は、逆洗浄による汚れが解消されたと判断し、電動モータ７９により弁体４７を切換位置Ｅへ回動させ、図１および図４（ａ）に示される浄水運転モードに戻る。これにより、浄水運転が再開され、浄水した井戸水が給水設備へ供給される。
【００５５】
このように六方切換弁２０は、弁箱２１に、外部接続口５１〜５６、流路８１〜８６、弁体３３，３９，４７、該弁体３３，３９，４７を所定のモードに切換える切換構造を設けることによって、通常の浄水運転、原水による逆洗運転、浄水運転を用いた洗浄運転を切換える機能がコンパクトに集約されるから、コンパクトな１つの弁装置で、各運転の円滑な切換えができる。しかも、１つの弁装置ですむから、コスト的な負担が少なくてすむ。そのうえ、ろ過装置は、ろ過器１に六角切換弁２０を組合わせるだけで、簡単に切換機能が確保できる。特にろ過装置の逆洗運転は、処理水による逆洗ではなく、浄水運転のときと同じ原水を用いるので、処理水を溜める設備は不要であり、しかも洗浄運転は浄水運転時の切換えを一部変更させるだけなので、処理水を逆洗運転に使用する場合に比べ、コスト的に安価ですむ。
【００５６】
また弁体３３，３９，４７には、弁室壁面と非接触状態を保ちながら回動変位する弁構造とし、そのうち外部排水の切換えを含む弁体３３，４７には球状弁体３５，４９を内蔵させて、外部排水の切換位置にある弁孔６６，７５を球状弁体３５，４９で塞ぐ構造を採用したので、六方切換弁２０は各弁体３３，３９，４７の回動に伴う摺動抵抗は小さくてすむうえ、弁箱２１の内外シールが求められる箇所にある弁孔６６，６７は、球状弁体３５，４９に加わる正圧を利用して確実にシールされる。つまり、浄水運転中や停止中のシール性を確保しつつ、軽い操作力で流路切換えができ、信頼性と操作性とを両立させたろ過器用の六方切換弁２０が実現できる。
【００５７】
しかも、この利点を利用して、六方切換弁２０の切換構造には、弁体３３，３９の相互を弁軸３１，３７で同軸状に結び、該弁軸３１，３７を電動モータ７７に駆動する構造と、弁体４７を電動モータ７９で駆動する構造とを用いたので、コスト的な安価な小形のモータを使用して、自動で各モードの切換えができる。
【００５８】
図９は、本発明の第２の実施形態を示す。
【００５９】
本実施形態は、第１の実施形態の変形例で、電動モータ７７，７９に代えて、各ハンドル部材９０，９１を取付けて、マニュアル操作で、浄水運転モード、逆洗運転モード、洗浄運転モードの切換えが行えるようにしたものである。むろん、各弁体３３，３９，４７には、非接触状態を保ちながら回動可能とした弁体構造が用いられているので、少ない力で滑らかに操作することができる。但し、図９において、先に説明した第１の実施形態と同じ部分には同一符号を附してその説明を省略した。
【００６０】
なお、本発明は上述した各実施形態に限定されることなく、本発明の主旨を逸脱しない範囲内で種々変更して実施しても構わない。例えば上述した実施形態では、六方切換弁をろ過装置の流路切換えに適用したが、それに限らず、その他の流路を切換える際に用いても構わない。もちろん、除鉄ろ過器以外のろ過器に適用してもよい。また六方切換弁の各部の形状や構造についても各実施形態に特定されるものではない。もちろん、３つの弁体の組合わせも、２階建て構造と１階建て構造との併用でなく、他の構造でも構わない。
【００６１】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように請求項１、請求項４の発明によれば、１つの弁装置で、通常の浄水運転、原水による逆洗運転、浄水運転を用いた洗浄運転といった３つの運転を円滑に切換えることができる。特に逆洗運転は、処理水による逆洗ではなく、浄水運転のときと同じ原水を用いた運転で行われることで、処理水を溜める設備は不要であるうえ、洗浄運転は浄水運転時の流路切換えを一部変更させるだけなので、処理水を逆洗運転に使用する場合の流路切換構造に比べ、コスト的に安価ですむ。
【００６２】
請求項２の発明によれば、さらに浄水運転中や停止中のシール性を確保しつつ軽い操作力で流路切換えができる。
【００６３】
請求項３の発明によれば、さらに浄水運転モード、原水による逆洗運転モード、浄水運転モードの切換えが自動でできる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】（ａ）は本発明の第１の実施形態に係る六方切換弁が付いたろ過装置を、該ろ過装置における浄水運転時の水の流れと共に示す断面図。
（ｂ）は同六方切換弁が付いたろ過装置の側面図。
【図２】同ろ過装置における逆洗運転時の水の流れを示す断面図。
【図３】同ろ過装置における洗浄運転時の水の流れを示す断面図。
【図４】（ａ）は、六方切換弁における浄水運転時の水の流れを模式的に示す断面図。
（ｂ）は、同じく逆洗浄運転時の水の流れを模式的に示す断面図。
（ｃ）は、同じく洗浄運転時の水の流れを模式的に示す断面図。
【図５】六方切換弁の全体の外観を示す斜視図。
【図６】同六方切換弁の内部の流路切換構造を示す斜視図。
【図７】（ａ）は、六方切換弁の正面図。
（ｂ）は、同六方切換弁の側面図。
【図８】同六方切換弁の側断面図。
【図９】本発明の第２の実施形態に係る六方切換弁を示す断面図。
【符号の説明】
１…ろ過器
１５…流入口（原水供給口）
１７…流出口（処理水出口）
２０…六方切換弁
２１…弁箱
２９，３０，４３…弁室
３３，３９，４７…弁体
３５，４９…球状弁体（ストッパ弁）
５１〜５６…外部接続口
６６，７５…弁孔（開口）
７７，７９…電動モータ
８１〜８６…流路
９０，９１…ハンドル部材。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a six-way switching valve used by being connected to a filter, for example, and a filtration apparatus having the six-way switching valve.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In order to remove impurities such as iron dissolved in well water, in general, sodium hypochlorite solution is injected into well water to oxidize the contained iron, and this oxidized well water (raw water) is filtered with a filter. Filtration is performed to separate and remove iron contained in well water.
[0003]
Household iron removal filters contain particulate filter media inside a cylindrical vertical container, supply well water (raw water) from the top of the filter media layer, and supply well water to the filter media layer. Pass through. And while well water passes a filter medium, the iron content contained is filtered and separated and removed.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, the filter material of the filter causes clogging as the purified water advances.
[0005]
Therefore, as a countermeasure for this, a conventional structure that collects purified water is used, and when the filter media becomes clogged, the collected treated water is flowed into the filter to remove the iron content on the filter media. A backwash operation was carried out.
[0006]
However, such a structure for performing the reverse cleaning operation is forced to provide a switching system by providing a valve device at the raw water inlet or the treated water outlet of the filter, and there is a cost burden due to the use of many valve devices. Be strong.
[0007]
In addition, after finishing the backwash operation, some of the piping is contaminated with dirty backwash water or is touched with dirty backwash water. In addition, immediately after resuming the water purification operation, the drain valve was operated to throw away dirty water (cleaning). For this reason, since operation of many valve apparatuses in a distant point is forced before water purification can be used, there was a difficulty that smooth water operation, back washing operation, and washing operation cannot be switched.
[0008]
Therefore, the present invention provides a six-way switching valve and a filtering device that enable smooth switching operation of water purification operation, backwash operation using raw water, and washing operation using water purification operation with one valve device.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, according to the first and fourth aspects of the present invention, the valve box is provided with first to sixth external connection ports, first to fifth flow paths, and first to third. And a switching means for switching the first to third valve bodies to a predetermined mode are provided, so that the second external connection port is connected to the filter by adopting a compact six-way switching valve. By setting the raw water supply port, setting the fourth external connection port to the treated water outlet of the filter, and simply flowing raw water from the first external connection port, each valve body can be switched according to the switching mode. With only one valve device, it is possible to smoothly switch between normal water purification operation, backwash operation with raw water, and washing operation using water purification operation.
[0010]
In particular, the backwash operation is not backwashed with treated water, but uses the same raw water as in the purified water operation, so facilities for storing treated water are not required, and the washing operation only changes part of the switching during the purified water operation. Compared with the case where treated water is used for backwash operation, the cost is low.
[0011]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the first to third valve bodies are not connected to the valve chamber so that the flow path can be switched with a light operating force while ensuring the sealing performance during the water purification operation or during the stop. The first valve body and the third valve body, which can be rotated in contact with each other, incorporate a spherical stopper valve that moves on the inner surface of the valve following the valve body. The valve chamber in which the valve body is accommodated has a structure in which an opening that is closed by the stopper valve when the first valve body is positioned at the first switching position is used. When the valve body is positioned at the fifth switching position, an opening that is blocked by the stopper valve is used to suppress the sliding resistance associated with the rotation of the valve body, and at locations where the inner and outer seals of the valve box are required. A positive seal applied to the stopper valve is used to ensure a reliable seal.
[0012]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the first valve body and the second valve body, which are phase-shifted in a predetermined phase, are coaxially connected to each other by a shaft member so that the respective modes can be automatically switched. The switching structure using the first electric motor for rotating the valve body and the second electric motor for rotating the third valve body was adopted.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention will be described below based on the first embodiment shown in FIGS.
[0014]
1 to 3 show, for example, a well filtration device used in a general household, and reference numeral 1 in the figure denotes a filter constituting the filtration device, for example, a filter for removing iron.
[0015]
The filter 1 is composed of, for example, a vertical cylindrical tank. The cylindrical tank is composed of a cylindrical body 3a whose bottom is closed and whose upper end is open, and an end plate 3b formed in a dish shape or a spherical shape that closes the upper end of the body 3a. And the upper end of the trunk | drum 3a and the opening end of the end plate 3b are fastened so that attachment or detachment is possible using the annular flange 4 attached to the outer peripheral part of each opening end. In addition, 5 is the gasket member pinched | interposed between the flanges 4 and 4, 6 is the volt | bolt which fastens flanges mutually, 7 shows the leg for installing the whole tank vertically.
[0016]
In the body portion 3a, a particulate filter material 9 (for example, filtration sand) is accommodated between the point near the opening and the collection chamber 8 formed at the bottom. Further, a filter 10 whose upper surface is blocked is embedded immediately above the collection chamber 8 to form a two-stage filtration structure with the filter medium 9 and the filter 10.
[0017]
An inflow chamber 11 is formed between the end plate 3b and the upper surface of the filter medium layer facing the end plate 3b. An inflow pipe 12 is housed in the inflow chamber 11. The inflow pipe 12 rises from the pedestal 13 installed on the peripheral wall on the opening side of the body part 3a toward the center in the body part 3a, and from the end of the horizontal pipe 14a to the vicinity of the center of the inner surface of the end plate 3b. And a pipe 14b. And the edge part of the horizontal piping 14a is connected to the inflow port 15 (equivalent to a raw | natural water supply port) formed in the base 13. FIG. The end of the vertical pipe 14b faces the inner surface of the end plate 3b and forms an outlet 16.
[0018]
The pedestal 13 is formed with an outlet 17 (corresponding to a treated water outlet) on the lower side along with the inlet 15. The outlet 17 is connected to an outlet pipe 18 that extends into the body 3a. This outflow pipe 18 extends downward through the filter medium 9, and its tip is connected to the collection chamber 8 through the filter 10.
[0019]
A hexagonal switching valve 20 is attached to the base 13 of the filter 1 so that the water purification operation, the backwash operation, and the washing operation can be switched.
[0020]
4 shows a schematic structure of the six-way switching valve 20, FIG. 5 shows the overall appearance of the six-way switching valve 20, FIG. 6 also shows the internal structure, and FIG. 7 also shows a front view. And a side view is shown, and FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view.
[0021]
The structure of the six-way switching valve 20 will be described. In the figure, reference numeral 21 denotes a cast valve box. The valve box 21 is comprised from three valve box parts 21a-21c. Among these, the valve box part 21a is a part assembled to the inlet 15, the valve box part 21b is a part assembled to the outlet 17, and the valve box part 21c is a part assembled to the valve box part 21b.
[0022]
As shown in FIGS. 5 to 8, the valve box portion 21 a has a bottomed cylindrical shape in which a bottom is formed at the top and an opening is formed at the bottom.
[0023]
The valve box portion 21b has a main body portion 26 in which a ring-shaped groove portion 25 is formed on the upper side, and a bottomed cylindrical space that opens downward is formed on the lower side. A partition plate 27 is screwed to the upper portion of the main body portion 26 so as to close the opening of the groove portion 25. Further, a lid body 28 is screwed at the lower portion of the main body portion 26 so as to close the bottomed cylindrical space, and a cylindrical valve chamber 29 is formed inside. The upper part of the valve box part 21b and the lower part of the valve box part 21a are fastened concentrically in series by flange connection so as to block the opening of the valve box part 21a with the partition plate 27. A cylindrical valve chamber 30 is formed inside.
[0024]
A valve shaft 31 (corresponding to a shaft member) extending in the axial direction is housed in the center of the valve chamber 30. The upper end portion of the valve shaft 31 is rotatably fitted in the boss portion 32 protruding from the upper portion of the valve box portion 21a, and the lower end portion penetrates the partition plate 27 and is located on the inner peripheral side of the groove portion 25. It fits in a boss portion 25a formed by the peripheral wall so as to be rotatable. The valve shaft 31 is provided with a valve body 33 (corresponding to a first valve body) formed of, for example, a rubber member. The valve body 33 uses a shape that fits in a part of the valve chamber 30, for example, a substantially fan-shaped block having a narrow center side and a wide outer peripheral side. The valve body 33 is finished to have a shape that fits with the valve chamber 30, that is, a shape in which a slight clearance is ensured between the inner surface (outer peripheral surface and upper and lower surfaces) of the valve chamber 30. The valve chamber 30 can be rotated while maintaining non-contact with the wall surface of the valve chamber 30 with 31 as a fulcrum. A cylindrical hole 34 extending in the axial direction is formed on the lower surface of the valve body 33. In this hole 34, a stopper valve, for example, a spherical valve body 35 formed of a spherical member is housed movably. The spherical valve body 35 is configured to be urged toward the opening side, that is, the partition plate 27 side by a coil-shaped spring member 34 a housed in the hole 34, and follows the movement of the valve body 33 to follow the valve chamber 30. It can be moved (displaced) along the lower surface.
[0025]
A valve shaft 37 (corresponding to a shaft member) extending in the axial direction is accommodated in the center of the valve chamber 29. The upper end portion of the valve shaft 37 is rotatably fitted in the boss portion 25a at the upper portion of the valve box portion 21b, and the lower end portion is rotatably fitted to the boss portion 28a formed on the lid body 28. In the boss portion 25a, the upper end portion of the valve shaft 37 and the lower end portion of the valve shaft 31 are coaxially formed by a joint portion 38 formed by a joint portion, for example, a concave groove and a protruding piece portion fitted thereto. Combined. Similar to the previous valve body 33, the valve shaft 37 is provided with a valve body 39 (corresponding to a second valve body) made of a rubber member having a substantially fan shape. Similarly to the valve body 33, the valve body 39 is also shaped so that a clearance fits between the valve chamber 29, that is, a shape in which a slight clearance is secured between the inner surface (outer peripheral surface, upper and lower surfaces) of the valve chamber 29. is there. In other words, the valve body 39 is also configured to be able to rotate in the valve chamber 29 while keeping non-contact with the wall surface of the valve chamber 29 with the valve shaft 37 as a fulcrum. The valve body 39 is not provided with a stopper valve.
[0026]
The valve box portion 21c has a bottomed cylindrical main body portion 40 having a bottom formed at the top and an opening formed at the bottom. A lid body 41 is screwed to the lower end portion of the main body portion 40 so as to close the bottomed cylindrical space, and a cylindrical valve chamber 43 is formed inside. The side part of the valve box part 21c and the side part of the valve box 21b are connected to each other by the connection between the mouth parts 44 formed on each side part, specifically, the flange connection between the end parts of the mouth part 44. It is fastened to be connected in parallel. The lumens of the mouth portions 44 open to the peripheral wall surface of the valve chamber 30 and the peripheral wall surface of the valve chamber 43, and allow the adjacent valve chambers 30, 43 to communicate with each other.
[0027]
A valve shaft 45 extending in the axial direction is accommodated in the center of the valve chamber 43. An upper end portion of the valve shaft 45 is rotatably fitted in a boss portion 46 protruding from the upper portion of the valve box portion 21c, and a lower end portion is shown in a boss portion 41a formed on the lid body 41 (shown in FIG. 7A). ) Is pivotably fitted inside. The valve shaft 37 is provided with a valve body 47 (corresponding to a third valve body) made of a rubber member having a substantially fan shape similar to the previous valve body 33. Similarly to the valve body 33, the valve body 47 is also shaped so as to fit into the gap between the valve chamber 29, that is, a shape in which a slight gap is secured between the inner surface (outer peripheral surface, upper and lower surfaces) of the valve chamber 43. There is a structure in which the inside of the valve chamber 43 can be rotated while keeping non-contact with the wall surface of the valve chamber 29 with the valve shaft 45 as a fulcrum. Also on the lower surface of the valve body 47, as with the previous valve body 33, a stopper valve structure, specifically a cylindrical hole 48, and a spherical valve body 49 (stopper valve) movably accommodated in the hole 48, A coiled spring member 50 for energizing the spherical valve body 35 is incorporated.
[0028]
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, six external connection ports 51 to 56 are formed on the outer surfaces of the respective valve box portions 21a to 21c. The external connection port 51 is for inflow of raw water, and is connected to the connection port 51 from a side portion of the valve box portion 21a, more specifically, from one side portion substantially perpendicular to the row direction of the valve box portions 21a to 21c. A structure in which the mouth body 60 protrudes is used. And the front-end | tip part of the connection port body 60 is used as the screw hole which the equipment (piping member etc. which are connected to raw | natural water inflow apparatus) by the side of raw | natural water inflow attaches. Further, the base end portion is opened in the peripheral wall surface of the valve chamber 30 so that raw water can be introduced into the valve chamber 30 from the tip of the connection port body 60.
[0029]
The external connection port 52 is used for connecting the inlet of the filter 1, and a cylindrical connection port body 61 is connected to the connection port 52 from the side of the valve box portion 21 a opposite to the previous connection port body 60. A protruding structure is used. A flange portion 62 that is attached to the inflow port 15 of the pedestal 13 is formed at the distal end portion of the connection port body 61, and the proximal end portion opens to the peripheral wall surface of the valve chamber 30. That is, the connection port body 61 communicates with the connection port body 60 through the valve chamber 30. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 4, a flow path 81 (corresponding to the first flow path) connecting the external connection port 51 and the external connection port 52 is formed.
[0030]
The external connection port 53 is for drainage, and the connection port 53 has a structure in which a cylindrical connection port body 63 protrudes from a side portion of the side portion of the valve box portion 21b that forms the outer wall of the groove portion 25. Used. The distal end portion of the connection port body 64 is a screw hole to which a drain pipe 64 (shown only in FIGS. 1 and 2) is attached. Further, the base end portion communicates with the groove portion space, and further communicates with a valve hole 66 formed in a plate surface portion of the partition plate 27 that forms a trajectory through which the spherical valve body 35 of the valve body 33 passes. That is, the connection port body 63 communicates with the valve chamber 30. Due to the communication with the lower surface of the valve chamber 30, a flow path 83 (corresponding to a third flow path) connecting the external connection port 53 and the middle of the flow path 81 is formed as shown in FIG. 4.
[0031]
The external connection port 54 is for connecting the outlet of the filter 1, and a cylindrical connection port body 68 is projected from the side portion forming the peripheral wall of the valve chamber 29 of the valve box portion 21 b to the connection port 54. Structure is used. The connection port body 68 protrudes in the same direction as the connection port body 61 for connecting the previous inlet. A flange portion 69 that is assembled with the outlet 17 of the base 13 is formed at the tip of the connection port body 68. Further, the base end portion of the connection port body 68 is open to the peripheral wall surface of the valve chamber 29.
[0032]
The external connection port 55 is for outflow of treated water, and the connection port 55 has a structure in which a cylindrical connection port body 70 protrudes from the side of the valve box portion 21c. A connecting portion to which equipment on the water supply side (water supply piping or the like) is attached, for example, a screw joint 71 (shown in FIGS. 7 and 8) is assembled to the distal end portion of the connection port body 70. Further, the base end portion is open to the peripheral wall surface of the valve chamber 43. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, a flow path 82 (corresponding to the second flow path) connecting the external connection port 55 and the external connection port 54 is formed through the valve chamber 29 and the valve chamber 43.
[0033]
On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 4, 5, and 7, the connection port body 60 for inflowing raw water is formed with a branch port body 60a that divides into the valve box portion 21b from the middle thereof. The distal end portion of the branch port body 60 a is attached to the side portion of the valve box portion 21 b in the same direction as the connection port body 60. The tip is opened in the peripheral wall surface of the valve chamber 30. As a result, a passage 72 for guiding the raw water to the valve chamber 30 is formed as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the passage 72 forms a flow path 84 that connects the external connection port 51 and the upstream portion of the flow path 82.
[0034]
The external connection port 56 is for drainage, and the connection port 56 has a structure in which a cylindrical connection port body 73 protrudes from the lid body 41 that forms the lower part of the valve chamber 43. The tip of the connection port 73 is a screw hole to which the drain pipe 64 is attached. Further, the base end portion communicates with a valve hole 75 formed in a plate surface portion forming a locus through which the spherical valve body 49 of the valve body 47 passes. With this communication structure, a flow path 85 that connects the external connection port 56 and the downstream portion of the flow path 82 is formed as shown in FIG.
[0035]
On the other hand, the valve element 33 in the flow path portion where the flow path 81 and the flow path 83 cross each other is associated with each opening position opening in the valve chamber 30 as shown in FIG. The switching position A for connecting the flow path 81 and blocking the flow path 83 is communicated with the external connection port 52 when the vertical position is 90 °, for example, as shown in FIG. 4B. In addition, a switching position B for blocking the flow path 82 is set. That is, when the valve body 33 is rotated to each switching position, the flow path 81 and the flow path 83 are switched. In addition, the valve hole 66 that forms the inlet of the flow path 83 has a structure in which when the valve element 33 reaches the switching position A, the valve element 33 is blocked by the spherical valve element 35 built in the valve element 33, and fluid that is added to the spherical valve element 35. The structure prevents the fluid from leaking to the outside using pressure.
[0036]
In the valve body 39 in the flow path portion where the flow path 82 and the flow path 84 intersect, in association with each opening position that opens to the valve chamber 29, as shown in FIG. In the switching position C where the flow path 82 is communicated and the flow path 84 is shut off, as shown in FIG. 4B, for example, when the sideways posture is 90 °, the flow path 84 and the external connection port 54 are communicated. A switching position D for blocking the flow path 84 is set. That is, when the valve body 39 rotates to each switching position, the flow path 82 and the flow path 84 are switched.
[0037]
When the valve element 47 in the flow path portion where the flow path 82 and the flow path 85 intersect is associated with each opening position opened in the valve chamber 43, as shown in FIG. The switching position E that circulates 82 and shuts off the flow path 85, as shown in FIGS. 4B and 4C, for example, in the horizontal orientation with a phase of 90 °, allows the flow path 82 and the flow path 85 to communicate with each other. At the same time, a switching position F for blocking the flow path 82 is set. That is, when the valve body 47 is rotated to each switching position, the flow path 82 and the flow path 85 are switched. Further, the valve hole 75 forming the inlet of the flow path 85 has a structure in which when the valve body 47 reaches the switching position E, the valve body 47 is closed by the spherical valve body 49 built in the valve body 47, and the fluid added to the spherical valve body 49 is blocked. The structure prevents the fluid from leaking to the outside using pressure.
[0038]
And the electric motor 77 is installed in the edge part of the boss | hub part 32 of the valve box part 21a as FIG. 8 shows. Reference numeral 32 a denotes a motor mounting flange portion formed at the end of the boss portion 32. The output shaft of the electric motor 77 is connected to the upper end portion of the valve shaft 32 in the boss portion 31 via a joint portion, for example, a concave / convex fitting portion 32a, and the two valve bodies 33 are phased. 39 can be rotated while being linked.
[0039]
An electric motor 79 is installed at the end of the boss portion 46 of the valve box portion 21c. In addition, 46a shows the flange part for motor attachment formed in the edge part of the boss | hub part 46. FIG. The output shaft of the electric motor 79 is connected to the upper end portion of the valve shaft 45 in the boss portion 46 via a joint portion, for example, an uneven fitting portion 45a, so that the valve body 47 can be rotated. is there.
[0040]
Such a six-way switching valve 20 is filtered using flange portions 62 and 69 so that the external connection port 52 matches the inlet 15 of the filter 1 and the external connection port 54 matches the outlet 17 of the filter 1. It is attached to the base 13 of the vessel 1.
[0041]
By switching the six-way switching valve 20 by the rotation of the electric motors 77 and 79, the water purification operation mode, the back washing operation mode using raw water, and the washing operation mode utilizing the water purification operation can be switched (switching means). ). Specifically, in the water purification operation mode (first switching mode), as shown in FIG. 4A, the valve body 33 is the switching position A, the valve body 39 is the switching position C, and the valve body 47 is the switching position E. In the backwash operation mode (second switching mode), the valve body 33 is switched to the switching position B, the valve body 39 is switched to the switching position D, and the valve body 47, as shown in FIG. Is switched to the switching position F, and the cleaning operation mode (third switching mode) is formed by switching the valve body 33 to the switching position A, the valve body 39 to the switching position C, and the valve as shown in FIG. The body 47 is formed by switching to the switching position F.
[0042]
Further, the filter 1 is provided with a control unit 86 for automatically switching each mode from the control of the electric motors 77 and 79, and usually the water purification operation is performed, and the filter medium 9 is clogged more than a predetermined amount. When it occurs, the operation is switched to the backwash operation, and after the predetermined time has elapsed, the backwash operation is completed, the cleaning operation is started, and when the predetermined time has elapsed, the switching control is performed to return to the water purification operation again. is there.
[0043]
That is, when water is purified by the filter 1, well water as raw water that has undergone oxidation treatment is supplied to the external connection port 51 of the six-way switching valve 20 as shown in FIG. 1 by operation of a water supply pump (not shown). To do.
[0044]
Here, the six-way switching valve 20 is driven by the electric motors 77 and 79 in accordance with an instruction from the control unit 86, so that the valve bodies 33, 39, and 47 are in the water purification operation mode as shown in FIG. It is switched to A. That is, the valve body 33 is rotated to the switching position A, the valve body 39 is rotated to the switching position C, and the valve body 47 is rotated to the switching position E. At this time, the valve holes 66 and 75 on the drain side are closed by the spherical valve bodies 35 and 49, and further, the spherical valve bodies 35 and 49 are applied by pressure (positive pressure) applied from the upper side of the spherical valve bodies 35 and 49. Is pressed against the opening edges of the valve holes 66 and 67, so that high sealing performance is ensured.
[0045]
Then, the well water is introduced from the external connection port 52 to the inflow pipe 12 of the filter 1 through the flow path 81 and the valve chamber 30. Then, the well water flows out from the outlet 16 of the inflow pipe 12.
[0046]
Thereby, the well water flows into the upper surface of the filter medium layer as shown in FIG. While the flowing well water penetrates through each part of the filter medium 9 and further passes through the filter 10, the contained iron content is filtered (removal of iron content). The treated water that has been filtered is returned to the external connection port 54 of the six-way switching valve 20 through the collection chamber 8 and the outflow pipe 18. Then, this treated water is led out from the hexagonal switching valve, that is, from the external connection port 55 to the water supply pipe (not shown) of the water supply facility through the flow path 82 and the valve chambers 29 and 43 (water supply side).
[0047]
It is assumed that such water purification operation is continued and clogging occurs in the filter medium 9.
[0048]
Then, the controller 86 switches from the water purification operation mode to the backwash operation mode. Thereby, each valve body 33, 39, 47 is rotated to a point that is phased by 90 ° as shown in FIG. 4B by the valve drive of the electric motors 77, 79. Specifically, the valve body 33 is switched to the switching position B, the valve body 39 is switched to the switching position D, and the valve body 47 is switched to the switching position F.
[0049]
Then, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 4B, the well water (raw water) flowing from the external connection port 51 does not go to the external connection port 2, but flows into the flow path 84, the valve chamber 29, and the flow path 82. It is led out from the external connection port 54 to the outflow pipe 18 through the upstream portion.
[0050]
Thereby, well water is guide | induced to the collection chamber 8 in the bottom part of the filter 1, and flows into the excess material layer from the filter 10. FIG. When this well water passes through the filter medium layer, the filter medium 9 is stirred to wash away impurities such as iron adhering to the filter medium 9.
[0051]
The well water that has become sewage due to the impurities flows into the inflow pipe 12 from the outlet 16 and is returned from the inlet 15 to the external connection port 52. Then, the sewage passes through the flow path 81 and the valve chamber 30, passes through the flow path 83 from the valve hole 66, and is discharged from the external connection port 53 to the drain pipe 64. Thereby, the backwash operation using raw water is performed.
[0052]
Then, if the clogging of the filter 1 is resolved after a predetermined time has elapsed, the control unit 86 then switches to the cleaning operation mode. Then, the switching position of the valve body 47 does not change as shown in FIG. 4C, and only the valve bodies 33 and 39 are driven by the electric motor 77 to the same 90 ° phase point as in the water purification operation. Return. Specifically, the valve body 33 is switched to the switching position A, and the valve body 39 is switched to the switching position C.
[0053]
Thereby, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4C, the well water (raw water) supplied to the external connection port 51 passes through the flow path 81 and the valve chamber 30 from the external connection port 52 to the inflow port 15 and the inflow pipe. 12 is discharged to the upper surface of the filter medium layer. As a result, the well water, which is the raw water, passes through the filter medium 9 while washing away impurities adhering to the inner surface of the flow path, the inner surface of the valve chamber, the surface of the valve body, and the like during reverse cleaning. This well water is returned to the external connection port 54 of the six-way switching valve 20 through the collection chamber 8 and the outflow pipe 18 to wash away impurities adhering to the inner surface of the outflow pipe 18 and the like during backwashing. Subsequently, the well water flows through the flow path 82 from the valve hole 75 to the flow path 85, and wash away impurities adhering to the upstream portion of the flow path 82, the valve chamber inner surface, the valve body surface, and the like during backwashing. The well water containing the dirt is discharged from the external connection port 56 to the drain pipe 64. By this washing operation, the sewage generated after the reverse washing is not sent to the water supply side.
[0054]
When this cleaning operation continues for a predetermined time, the controller 86 determines that the dirt due to the reverse cleaning has been eliminated, and the electric motor 79 rotates the valve body 47 to the switching position E, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4A. Return to the water purification mode shown. Thereby, the water purification operation is resumed, and the purified well water is supplied to the water supply facility.
[0055]
Thus, the six-way switching valve 20 switches the valve box 21 to switch the external connection ports 51 to 56, the flow paths 81 to 86, the valve bodies 33, 39, 47, and the valve bodies 33, 39, 47 to a predetermined mode. By providing a structure, the functions of switching between normal water purification operation, backwashing operation using raw water, and washing operation using water purification operation are integrated in a compact manner, so that each operation can be smoothly switched with one compact valve device. it can. In addition, since only one valve device is required, the cost burden can be reduced. In addition, the filtration device can easily ensure the switching function by simply combining the hexagonal switching valve 20 with the filter 1. In particular, the backwash operation of the filtration device is not backwashed with treated water, but uses the same raw water as in the purified water operation, so there is no need for facilities for storing treated water, and the washing operation is partly switched during the purified water operation. Since only the change is required, the cost is lower than when the treated water is used for backwash operation.
[0056]
The valve bodies 33, 39, and 47 have a valve structure that is rotationally displaced while maintaining a non-contact state with the wall surface of the valve chamber. Among the valve bodies 33 and 47 including switching of the external drainage, spherical valve bodies 35 and 49 are provided. Since the valve holes 66 and 75 at the switching position of the external drainage are closed by the spherical valve bodies 35 and 49, the six-way switching valve 20 is slid along with the rotation of the valve bodies 33, 39 and 47. The dynamic resistance is small, and the valve holes 66 and 67 at locations where the inner and outer seals of the valve box 21 are required are securely sealed by using the positive pressure applied to the spherical valve bodies 35 and 49. That is, the flow path can be switched with a light operating force while ensuring the sealing performance during the water purification operation or during the stop, and the six-way switching valve 20 for a filter that achieves both reliability and operability can be realized.
[0057]
In addition, by utilizing this advantage, the switching structure of the six-way switching valve 20 is configured such that the valve bodies 33 and 39 are connected to each other coaxially by the valve shafts 31 and 37, and the valve shafts 31 and 37 are driven by the electric motor 77. And the structure in which the valve body 47 is driven by the electric motor 79 can be used to automatically switch between the modes using a small, inexpensive motor.
[0058]
FIG. 9 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
[0059]
This embodiment is a modification of the first embodiment, and instead of the electric motors 77 and 79, the handle members 90 and 91 are attached, and the water purifying operation mode, the back washing operation mode, and the washing operation mode are performed manually. Can be switched. Of course, since each valve element 33, 39, 47 has a valve element structure that can be rotated while maintaining a non-contact state, it can be operated smoothly with a small force. However, in FIG. 9, the same parts as those of the first embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
[0060]
In addition, this invention is not limited to each embodiment mentioned above, You may implement in various changes within the range which does not deviate from the main point of this invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the six-way switching valve is applied to the switching of the flow path of the filtration device. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be used when switching other flow paths. Of course, you may apply to filters other than a iron removal filter. Further, the shape and structure of each part of the six-way switching valve are not specified in each embodiment. Of course, the combination of the three valve bodies is not limited to the combined use of the two-story structure and the one-story structure, but may have another structure.
[0061]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the first and fourth aspects of the invention, one valve device can smoothly switch between three operations such as a normal water purification operation, a backwash operation using raw water, and a washing operation using the water purification operation. be able to. In particular, the backwash operation is not backwashed with treated water, but is performed using the same raw water as in the water purification operation. Since only part of the path switching is changed, the cost can be reduced compared to the channel switching structure when treated water is used for backwashing operation.
[0062]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the flow path can be switched with a light operating force while further ensuring the sealing performance during the water purification operation or during the stop.
[0063]
According to the invention of claim 3, the water purification operation mode, the backwash operation mode using raw water, and the water purification operation mode can be automatically switched.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view showing a filtration device with a six-way switching valve according to a first embodiment of the present invention, along with the flow of water during water purification operation in the filtration device.
(B) is a side view of a filtration device with the same six-way switching valve.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the flow of water during backwashing operation in the filtration device.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the flow of water during a cleaning operation in the filtration device.
FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the flow of water during water purification operation in a six-way switching valve.
(B) is sectional drawing which shows typically the flow of the water at the time of backwashing operation similarly.
(C) is sectional drawing which shows typically the flow of the water at the time of washing | cleaning operation similarly.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the overall appearance of a six-way switching valve.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a flow path switching structure inside the hexagonal switching valve.
FIG. 7A is a front view of a six-way switching valve.
(B) is a side view of the hexagonal switching valve.
FIG. 8 is a side sectional view of the same six-way switching valve.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a six-way switching valve according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... Filter
15 ... Inlet (raw water supply port)
17 ... Outlet (treated water outlet)
20 ... Six-way selector valve
21 ... Valve box
29, 30, 43 ... Valve chamber
33,39,47 ... Valve
35, 49 ... Spherical valve (stopper valve)
51-56 ... External connection port
66,75 ... Valve hole (opening)
77, 79 ... Electric motor
81-86 ... flow path
90, 91: Handle member.

Claims

A valve box having first to sixth external connection ports to which fluid is supplied to the first external connection port;
A first flow path formed in the valve box and connecting the first external connection port and the second external connection port;
A second flow path formed in the valve box, and a fluid connecting the fourth external connection port and the fifth external connection port flows from the fourth external connection port toward the fifth external connection port; A third flow path formed in the valve box and connecting the third external connection port and the middle of the first flow path;
A fourth flow path formed in the valve box and connecting the first external connection port and the upstream side portion of the second flow path;
A fifth flow path formed in the valve box and connecting the sixth external connection port and a downstream portion of the second flow path;
A first switching position that is provided in a flow path portion where the first flow path and the third flow path intersect, and communicates with the first flow path; the third flow path; and the second flow path. A pivotable first valve body switchable over a second switching position for communicating with an external connection port;
A third switching position that is disposed in a flow path portion where the second flow path and the fourth flow path intersect, and that communicates the second flow path; and the fourth flow path and the fourth flow path. A pivotable second valve body that can be switched over to a fourth switching position for communicating with the external connection port;
A fifth switching position that is disposed in a flow path portion where the second flow path and the fifth flow path intersect, communicates the second flow path, the second flow path, and the fifth flow path; A pivotable third valve body switchable over a sixth switching position for communicating with the flow path;
The first to third valve bodies are configured such that the first valve body is a first switching position, the second valve body is a third switching position, and the third valve body is a fifth switching position. The first switching mode, the first valve body is the second switching position, the second valve body is the fourth switching position, and the third valve body is the sixth switching position. A second switching mode, a third switching position in which the first valve body is a first switching position, the second valve body is a third switching position, and the third valve body is a sixth switching position. 6. A six-way switching valve characterized by comprising switching means for pivotally switching between modes.

The first to third valve bodies are all rotatably accommodated in the valve chamber in a non-contact state, and the first and third valve bodies follow the valve body. A spherical stopper valve that moves on the inner surface of the valve chamber is incorporated, and the valve chamber in which the first valve body is accommodated communicates with the third flow path, and the first valve body is positioned at the first switching position. When opened, an opening that is closed by the stopper valve is formed, and a valve chamber in which the third valve body is accommodated communicates with the fifth flow path, and the third valve body is positioned at the fifth switching position. The six-way switching valve according to claim 1, wherein an opening that is closed by the stopper valve is formed.

The switching means connects the first valve body and the second valve body, which are phased in a predetermined phase, to each other in a coaxial manner by a shaft member and rotates the connected valve body. And a second electric motor for rotating the third valve body. The six-way switching valve according to claim 1 or 2, wherein

A filter having a raw water supply port and a treated water outlet from which treated water after filtration of the raw water by the filter medium is derived;
A filtration device comprising a raw water supply port of this filter and a six-way switching valve connected to a treated water outlet,
The six-way switching valve is
A first external connection port for supplying raw water, a second external connection port connected to the raw water supply port, a third external connection port for drainage, a fourth external connection port connected to the treated water outlet, and for drainage A valve box having a sixth external connection port;
A first flow path formed in the valve box and connecting the first external connection port and the second external connection port;
A second flow path formed in the valve box and connecting the fourth external connection port and the fifth external connection port;
A third flow path formed in the valve box and connecting the third external connection port and the middle of the first flow path;
A fourth flow path formed in the valve box and connecting the first external connection port and the upstream side portion of the second flow path;
A fifth flow path formed in the valve box and connecting the sixth external connection port and a downstream portion of the second flow path;
A first switching position that is provided in a flow path portion where the first flow path and the third flow path intersect, and communicates with the first flow path; the third flow path; and the second flow path. A pivotable first valve body switchable over a second switching position for communicating with an external connection port;
A third switching position that is disposed in a flow path portion where the second flow path and the fourth flow path intersect, and that communicates the second flow path; and the fourth flow path and the fourth flow path. A pivotable second valve body that can be switched over to a fourth switching position for communicating with the external connection port;
A fifth switching position that is disposed in a flow path portion where the second flow path and the fifth flow path intersect, communicates the second flow path, the second flow path, and the fifth flow path; A pivotable third valve body switchable over a sixth switching position for communicating with the flow path;
The first to third valve bodies are configured such that the first valve body is a first switching position, the second valve body is a third switching position, and the third valve body is a fifth switching position. The water purifying operation mode in which the first valve body is in the second switching position, the second valve body is in the fourth switching position, and the third valve body is in the sixth switching position. And a cleaning operation mode in which the first valve body is in the first switching position, the second valve body is in the third switching position, and the third valve body is in the sixth switching position. A filtration device comprising switching means for enabling rotation.