JP2007021361A - Water purifier - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water purifier capable of adequately and efficiently washing filter material in back-washing operation by using raw water and clean water and capable of economically washing the filter material while suppressing the use of the clean water to the minimum. <P>SOLUTION: The water purifier permits the switching between: a purifying operation of supplying raw water into a treatment tank 1 in which the filter material 2 is housed through an inflow pipe 4, allowing the raw water to permeate the filter material 2 and, thereby, flowing the raw water out of an outflow pipe 5 as purified clean water; and a back-washing operation of supplying washing water from the outflow pipe 5 into the treatment tank 1 so as to let washing water to flow backward in the tank 1, and flowing washing water out of the inflow pipe 4, as a means of washing the filter material when the filter material 2 is stained above a certain level due to the purifying operation. In the back-washing operation, the raw water is at first used as washing water which is supplied from the outflow pipe 5 into the treatment tank 1 and is caused to flow backward and, thereafter, the clean water is used as washing water. The switching between raw water and clean water is performed by controlling a raw water/clean water switching electromotive valve 23 with a control part 45. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a water purifier that removes impurities such as iron ions and manganese ions contained in raw water taken from a well and purifies the raw water.

  The raw water taken from a well or the like contains impure components such as iron ions and manganese ions. For this reason, a water purification apparatus for removing and purifying the impure components has been proposed in the past, as disclosed in JP 2003-269630 A. It is disclosed in gazettes.

  When raw water such as well water is taken, sodium hypochlorite is injected into the raw water as a pretreatment to precipitate ions such as iron and manganese, and then the raw water is introduced into a water purification device for purification. Like to do.

  The water purifier includes a treatment tank, and a filtering material such as anthracite, filtration sand, manganese sand is accommodated in the treatment tank. The pretreated raw water is introduced into this treatment tank, and when this raw water passes through the filter medium, impure components such as iron and manganese are captured and removed by the filter medium and discharged from the treatment tank as clear purified water. And supplied to a predetermined water supply facility.

  Impurity components such as iron and manganese accumulate in the filter medium in the treatment tank over time. If the purification operation is continued with a certain amount or more of impure components accumulated in the filter medium, impure components exceeding a predetermined water quality standard will be contained in the purified water. For this reason, a backwash operation is performed as a means for removing dirt before impure components are accumulated in a filter medium in a certain amount or more.

In this backwash operation, raw water taken from a well or the like is caused to flow in the treatment tank so that the flow is opposite to that during the purification operation by switching the motorized valve, and the impure components accumulated in the filter medium are removed from the raw water. This is a process of washing away and restoring the function of the filter medium.
JP 2003-269630 A

  At the time of backwashing operation, it is preferable not to flow raw water into the treatment tank, but to flow clean purified water or tap water if possible. This is because the raw water contains impure components. Therefore, if such raw water is caused to flow back into the treatment tank, the filter medium can be efficiently washed at the initial stage of washing, but a certain period of time. This is because after the elapse of time, the efficiency is lowered and it becomes difficult to clean completely. In particular, when the content of impure components contained in the raw water is high, the cleaning efficiency is further reduced.

  For this reason, at the time of backwashing operation, it is preferable to wash the filter medium using clarified water such as purified water and tap water obtained in the clarification operation, but clarified water is expensive and used abundantly clarified water. Then the economic loss will increase.

  On the other hand, at the time of backwashing operation, the filter media collide with each other due to the force of the backflowing water flow, and the impure components such as iron and manganese are peeled off and remain as fine particles. In the initial stage of the purification operation after the backwash operation, the purified water is discarded as so-called waste water for a certain period of time. Loss.

  This invention was made paying attention to such a point, and its purpose is to sufficiently and efficiently wash the filter medium using raw water and clarified water during backwashing operation, An object of the present invention is to provide a water purifier that can be cleaned economically while minimizing the use of the clarified water.

  Invention of Claim 1 has an inflow channel and an outflow channel, supplies raw | natural water through the said inflow channel in the processing tank in which the filter material was accommodated in the inside, and passes this raw | natural water by passing the said raw water through the said filter material. A purification operation for flowing out from the outflow path as clear purified water, and a means for cleaning the filter medium when the filter medium is contaminated more than a certain amount from this purification operation. In the water purifier capable of switching to a backwash operation for supplying water to flow backward and flowing out from the inflow path, during the backwash operation, from the start to the middle of the operation, from the outflow path to the inside of the treatment tank The raw water is used as the washing water to be supplied to the water and backflowed, and the clarified water is used thereafter.

  The invention of claim 2 is characterized in that the raw water is well water and the clarified water is purified water or tap water purified in the treatment tank.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a control means capable of switching between an operation using raw water as cleaning water and an operation using clarified water during the backwash operation.

  The invention of claim 4 is characterized in that the control means has a function of changing a ratio between an operation time using raw water as cleaning water and an operation time using clarified water.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a motorized valve for purification / backwash switching connected across the inflow path and the outflow path of the treatment tank, and a motorized valve for switching between raw water and clarified water connected to the motorized valve. The raw water is supplied into the treatment tank through the motor valve for switching the raw water / clarified water, the motor valve for switching the purification / backwash and the inflow path during the purification operation, Until, the raw water / clarification water switching motor valve, the purification / back washing switching motor valve, and the outflow passage are used to switch the raw water into the treatment tank. After that, by the operation of switching the raw water / clear water switching motor valve, the raw water / clear water switching motor valve, the purification / backwash switching motor valve and the Supply clear water back to the treatment tank through the outflow channel. It is characterized in that.

  The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that the control means performs the switching operation of the motor valve for switching the purification / backwash and the motor valve for switching the raw water / clarified water.

  The invention according to claim 7 is characterized in that the electric valve for switching between the raw water and the clarified water is detachably attached to the electric valve for switching between the purification and backwashing.

  According to the water purification apparatus of the present invention, the filter medium can be washed sufficiently and efficiently using raw water and clarified water during backwashing operation, and the use of the clarified water is suppressed to the minimum necessary for economic efficiency. Can be increased.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional structure seen from the side of the water purifier, and FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional structure seen from the plane. This water purifier is for removing iron and manganese, for example, and includes a treatment tank 1 having a vertical sealed structure. The processing tank 1 is composed of a cylindrical body 1a having a bottom, and an end plate 1b fastened to an opening at the upper end of the body 1a.

  Inside the treatment tank 1, a filter medium 2 such as anthracite, filter sand, manganese sand or the like is accommodated in a layer having a certain height. An inflow pipe 4 constituting an inflow path and an outflow pipe 5 constituting an outflow path are provided on the upper side of the processing tank 1. The inflow pipe 4 and the outflow pipe 5 are horizontally inserted from the outside to the inside of the processing tank 1 so as to penetrate the side surface of the trunk portion 1a.

  A water spray pipe 7 is attached to the end of the inflow pipe 4 inserted into the treatment tank 1, and a guide pipe 8 is attached to the end of the outflow pipe 5. The water sprinkling pipe 7 is disposed above the upper layer surface of the filter medium 2, and its tip end rises as a water sprinkling part 7 a so as to face the center of the inner surface of the end plate 1 b. The guide tube 8 is inserted from the upper layer to the lower layer of the filter medium 2, and a filter 9 is attached to the lower end portion thereof.

  On the outside of the treatment tank 1, there is provided a purification / backwash switching motor-operated valve 11 that is connected to both the inflow pipe 4 and the outflow pipe 5 to switch the flow path of the water to a plurality of channels. The water flow path of the purification / backwash switching electric valve 11 is schematically shown in FIG.

  The purification / backwash switching motor-operated valve 11 includes an inlet 12, a discharge port 13, a second inlet 14, a purified water discharge port 15, a backwash water discharge port 16, a wash water discharge port 17, and water. Motors 18 and 19 for driving a valve mechanism for switching the flow path are provided, the discharge port 13 is connected to the inflow pipe 4, and the second inflow port 14 is connected to the outflow pipe 5.

  This purification / backwash switching motor-operated valve 11 includes a flow path a that leads from the inlet 12 to the discharge port 13, a flow path b that leads from the second inlet 14 to the purified water discharge port 15, and a second inlet from the inlet 12. A flow path c leading to 14, a flow path d leading from the discharge port 13 to the backwash water discharge port 16, a flow channel e leading from the second inlet 14 to the wash water discharge port 17, and the flow paths a to e are selectively selected. The valve mechanisms 20 and 21 are opened and closed, and the valve mechanisms 20 and 21 are driven by the motors 18 and 19, respectively.

  A motor valve 23 for switching between raw water and clarified water is detachably attached to the motor valve 11 for switching purification and backwashing. This raw water / clear water switching motor-operated valve 23 includes a raw water inlet 25, a clarified water inlet 26 and a discharge port 27, and a motor 28 for driving a valve mechanism for switching the flow path of water. -It connects to the inflow port 12 of the motor valve 11 for backwash switching so that attachment or detachment is possible.

  This raw water / clear water switching motor-operated valve 23 selects the flow path f leading from the raw water inlet 25 to the discharge outlet 27, the flow path g leading from the clear water inlet 26 to the discharge outlet 27, and the flow paths f and g. And a valve mechanism 29 composed of a three-way valve that opens and closes automatically. The valve mechanism 29 is driven by the motor 28.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a purified water discharge port 15 of the purification / backwash switching motor-operated valve 11 is connected to a water conduit 34 leading to a water supply facility 33, and a water reservoir 36 is communicated from the middle of the water conduit 34. A branch pipe 37 is led out. A water supply pipe 38 is led out from the water storage tank 36, this water supply pipe 38 is connected to the clarified water inlet 26 of the raw water / clear water switching electric valve 23, and a water supply pump 40 is attached in the middle of the water supply pipe 38. ing.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a suction pipe 42 led out from a well 41 is connected to the raw water inlet 25 of the motor valve 23 for switching between raw water and clarified water, and a water supply pump 43 is attached in the middle of the suction pipe 42. Yes.

  A control unit 45 incorporating a timer is provided outside the processing tank 1 as control means, and the control unit 45 controls the motors 18, 19, 28, the feed water pumps 40, 43, and the like. Yes.

  Next, the effect | action of this water purifier is demonstrated.

(Purification operation)
In FIGS. 1 and 2, the flow of water during the purification operation is indicated by arrows. During the purification operation, the flow path f leading from the raw water inlet 25 of the raw water / clear water switching motor-operated valve 23 to the discharge port 27 is opened, and the inlet 12 of the motor valve 11 for purifying / backwash switching is connected to the inflow pipe 4. The flow path a that leads to and the flow path b that leads from the second inlet 14 to the purified water discharge port 15 are opened, and the other flow paths c, d, e, and g are closed.

  In this state, the feed water pump 43 is driven under the control of the control unit 45, the raw water (well water) in the well 41 is sucked up by the feed water pump 43, and the raw water / clear water switching electric valve 23 is fed through the suction pipe 42. It is sent to the water inlet 25. The raw water sucked up from the well 41 is injected with sodium hypochlorite or the like for precipitating ions such as iron and manganese as a pretreatment.

  The raw water sent to the raw water inlet 25 of the raw water / clear water switching electric valve 23 is sent to the inlet 12 of the purification / backwash switching electric valve 11 through the flow path f, and further used for purification / backwash switching. The electric valve 11 is sent to the water spray pipe 7 through the flow path a and the inflow pipe 4, and water is sprinkled into the treatment tank 1 from the water spray section 7 a of the water spray pipe 7.

  The raw water sprayed into the treatment tank 1 passes through the filter medium 2 and reaches the inner bottom of the treatment tank 1. When the raw water passes through the filter medium 2, impure components such as iron and manganese contained in the raw water are captured and removed by the filter medium 2, and the raw water becomes clear purified water.

  Purified purified water flows into the guide tube 8 through the filter 9 and is discharged from the purified water discharge port 15 through the guide tube 8 through the outflow tube 5 and the flow path b of the purification / backwash switching motor operated valve 11. This purified water is sent to the water supply facility 33 through the water conduit 34 and used for various purposes. At this time, a part of the purified water is stored in the water storage tank 36.

  As the purification operation continues, impure components such as iron and manganese are gradually accumulated in the filter medium 2. The amount of impure components accumulated in the filter medium 2 is detected, for example, when the control unit 45 measures the purification operation time. When the accumulation amount of impure components reaches a certain amount and is detected by the control unit 45, the purification operation is switched to the backwash operation based on a signal from the control unit 45.

(Backwash operation)
In FIGS. 3 and 4, the flow of water during the backwash operation is indicated by arrows. During the backwash operation, first, the motors 18 and 19 of the purification / backwash switching electric valve 11 are driven based on a signal from the control unit 45, and the flow from the inlet 12 to the inflow pipe 4 is performed by the operation of the valve mechanisms 20 and 21. The channel a is closed, the channel c leading from the inlet 12 to the outflow pipe 5 is opened, and the channel b leading from the outlet pipe 5 to the purified water discharge port 15 is closed. The flow path d leading to the water discharge port 16 is opened.

  The raw water sucked up from the well 41 is sent to the raw water inlet 25 of the raw water / clear water switching electric valve 23 via the feed pump 43, and the raw water is supplied to the raw water / clear water switching electric valve 23. It is sent to the inflow port 12 of the motor valve 11 for purification / backwash switching through the flow path f, and is sent from the inflow port 12 to the outflow pipe 5 through the flow path c.

  The raw water sent to the outflow pipe 5 passes through the guide pipe 8 and is ejected from the filter 9 to the inner bottom of the treatment tank 1. The jetted raw water flows from the lower layer to the upper layer of the filter medium 2 and flows into the sprinkling pipe 7 from the sprinkling part 7a.

  As described above, during the backwash operation, the raw water flows so as to flow backward from the lower layer to the upper layer of the filter medium 2 in reverse to the purification operation, and thus the impure components attached to the filter medium 2 flow backward. Separated and removed by raw water. The raw water becomes sewage due to the inclusion of impure components, and this sewage flows into the water spray pipe 7 and further from the backwash water discharge port 16 of the purification / backwash switching electric valve 11 through the flow path d from the inflow pipe 4. It is discharged and discarded in a predetermined disposal unit.

  Such backwashing operation using raw water is continued for a predetermined time under the control of the control unit 45, and most of the impure components adhering to the filter medium 2 are removed during this process. In this step, raw water is used for cleaning the filter medium 2, but the raw water itself has an impure component, so that a certain amount of impure component remains in the filter medium 2.

  So, in this invention, the backwash operation using clarified water is started by control of the control part 45 after the process of the backwash operation using raw | natural water. 5 and 6 show the flow of water during the backwash operation using clarified water.

  At the time of backwashing operation using clarified water, first, the motor 28 of the raw water / clarified water switching electric valve 23 is driven based on a signal from the control unit 45, and the flow path f leading from the raw water inlet 25 to the outlet 27 is closed. At the same time, the flow path g leading from the clarified water inlet 26 to the outlet 27 is opened, and the water supply pump 43 for the well is stopped, and the water supply pump 40 for purified water is switched to operate instead.

  Then, the purified water in the water storage tank 36 is sent to the clarified water inlet 26 of the raw water / clarified water switching motor valve 23 as clarified water by the operation of the purified water feed pump 40, and the clarified water is purified and backwashed. It is sent to the outflow pipe 5 through the flow path c of the switching motor operated valve 11.

  The clarified water sent to the outflow pipe 5 passes through the guide pipe 8 and is ejected from the filter 9 to the inner bottom portion of the treatment tank 1 and circulates from the lower layer to the upper layer of the filter medium 2 and from the sprinkling portion 7a. 7 flows into.

In this way, when the clarified water flows from the lower layer to the upper layer of the filter medium 2, the filter medium 2 is rinsed with the clarified water, and most of the impure components are separated and removed. Then, the clarified water that has flowed into the water spray pipe 7 is discharged from the backwash water discharge port 16 of the purification / backwash switching electric valve 11 through the inflow pipe 4 and is discarded to a predetermined disposal section.
The backwash operation with clarified water is performed for a predetermined time under the control of the control unit 45. And after predetermined time passes, it switches to washing | cleaning driving | operation by control by the control part 45. FIG.

(Washing operation)
7 and 8 show the flow of water during the cleaning operation. During the washing operation, the motor 28 of the raw water / clear water switching electric valve 23 is driven by the control of the control unit 45, and the flow path g leading from the clear water inlet 26 to the discharge outlet 27 is closed by the operation of the valve mechanism 29, The flow path f leading from the raw water inlet 25 to the discharge outlet 27 is opened, and the motors 18 and 19 of the purification / backwash switching motor operated valve 11 are driven. The flow path c leading to the inlet 14 is closed, the flow path a leading from the inlet 12 to the discharge port 13 is opened, and the flow path d leading from the discharge port 13 to the backwash water discharge port 16 is closed, The flow path e leading from the second inlet 14 to the washing water discharge port 17 is opened, and the feed water pump 40 for clarified water is further stopped, and the well feed pump 43 is switched to operate instead.

  The raw water sucked up from the well 41 is sent to the raw water inlet 25 of the raw water / clear water switching motor-operated valve 23 via the feed water pump 43, and this raw water flows from the purification / backwash switching motor-operated valve 11 into the inflow pipe. 4 is sent to the sprinkling pipe 7, sprinkled into the treatment tank 1, passes through the filter medium 2, reaches the inner bottom of the treatment tank 1, passes through the outflow pipe 5 from the guide pipe 8, and is used for purification / backwash switching. It is discharged from the washing water discharge port 17 of the motor-operated valve 11 and discarded in a predetermined disposal part.

  In this way, when the raw water flows in the forward direction, the flow path and the filter medium 2 are washed to a final finished state. This cleaning operation is performed for a very short time, and after this cleaning operation, the motor 19 of the purification / backwash switching electric valve 11 is driven by the control of the control unit 45, and the second inlet 14 is operated by the operation of the valve mechanism 21. Is closed, and the flow path b leading from the second inlet 14 to the purified water discharge port 15 is opened to switch to the purification operation. And the purified water processed with the processing tank 1 is discharged from the purified water discharge outlet 15, is sent to the water supply equipment 33, and is used for a predetermined use.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the filter medium 2 in the treatment tank 1 is washed to some extent (coarse washing) by backwashing operation using raw water, and then the filter medium 2 is thoroughly washed by backwashing operation using clarified water. Since the filter medium is rinsed (rinse washed), the filter medium 2 can be efficiently washed with a high degree of washing.

  If the filter medium 2 is washed from the beginning using the clarified water during the backwash operation, the filter medium 2 can be washed with such a high degree of cleanliness. Loss occurs.

  In this embodiment, in the first half of the backwash operation in which a large amount of impure components are attached to the filter medium 2, the filter medium 2 is roughly washed using raw water at a low cost, and then the filter medium is used with clarified water. 2 is washed in a thorough manner. Therefore, the consumption of high-cost clarified water can be suppressed to be low and the economic efficiency can be improved.

  The ratio of the time of the backwash operation using the raw water and the time of the backwash operation using the clarified water can be arbitrarily set by the control by the control unit 45 in accordance with the degree of adhesion of the impure components attached to the filter medium 2. it can. Further, as the clarified water, tap water can be used in addition to the purified water treated in the treatment tank 1.

  When the concentration of impure components in the raw water is low and the backwash operation using the clear water is not required, the time of the backwash operation using the clear water is set to zero by changing the setting of the control unit 45 and the raw water is used. It is also possible to take a form in which the filter medium 2 is washed only by the backwash operation.

  By the way, the water purifier which has only the motor valve 11 for purification | cleaning / backwash switching is generally installed conventionally as a standard product. In this case, the raw water is directly fed from the well to the inlet 12 of the purification / backwash switching electric valve 11, and the purification operation for purifying with the raw water by switching the valve mechanisms 20, 21 and the raw water are caused to flow back to the treatment tank 1. When the backwashing operation for washing the filter medium 2 is performed, the water purifier is used only when the backwashing operation using the raw water is insufficient due to the high concentration of impure components in the raw water. It is also possible to adopt a form in which a washing operation using clear water is added by attaching the raw water / clear water switching electric valve 23 to the purification / backwash switching electric valve 11.

It is sectional drawing seen from the side of the water purifier which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, and the flow of the water at the time of purification operation is shown by the arrow. It is sectional drawing seen from the plane of the water purifier, and the flow of the water at the time of purification operation is shown by the arrow. It is sectional drawing seen from the side of the water purifier, and the flow of water in the first half of the backwash operation is indicated by arrows. It is sectional drawing seen from the plane of the water purifier, and the flow of water in the first half of the backwash operation is indicated by arrows. It is sectional drawing seen from the side of the water purifier, and the flow of water at the second half of the backwash operation is indicated by arrows. It is sectional drawing seen from the plane of the water purifier, and the flow of water at the second half of the backwash operation is indicated by arrows. It is sectional drawing seen from the side surface of the water purifier, and the flow of water at the time of washing | cleaning operation is shown by the arrow. It is sectional drawing seen from the plane of the water purifier, and the flow of water at the time of washing | cleaning operation is shown by the arrow. Explanatory drawing which shows typically the distribution channel of the water of a water purifier.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Treatment tank 2 ... Filter material 4 ... Inflow pipe 5 ... Outflow pipe 7 ... Sprinkling pipe 8 ... Guide pipe 9 ... Filter 11 ... Electric valve for switching between purification and backwashing 12 ... Inlet 13 ... Discharge port 14 ... Second flow Inlet 15: Purified water discharge port 16 ... Backwash water discharge port 17 ... Wash water discharge port 18.19 ... Motor 20.21 ... Valve mechanism 23 ... Electric valve for switching between raw water and clear water 25 ... Raw water inlet 26 ... Clear water flow Inlet 27 ... Discharge port 28 ... Motor 29 ... Valve mechanism 33 ... Water supply equipment 36 ... Water storage tank 40.43 ... Water supply pump 41 ... Well 42 ... Suction pipe 45 ... Control unit

Claims (7)

The raw water is supplied through the inflow path into a treatment tank having an inflow path and an outflow path, and the filter medium is accommodated therein, and the raw water is passed through the filter medium to make the raw water as clear purified water. Purifying operation for flowing out from the passage, and supplying water for washing back from the outflow passage into the treatment tank as a means for washing the filtering material when the filtering material becomes more than a certain level from the purification operation. In a water purifier that can be switched to backwash operation to flow out from the inflow path,
At the time of the backwash operation, from the start to the middle of the operation, raw water is used as washing water to be fed back into the treatment tank from the outflow passage and backflowed, and then clarified water is used. apparatus.   The water purification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the raw water is well water, and the clarified water is purified water or tap water purified in the treatment tank.   3. The water purifier according to claim 1, further comprising a control unit capable of switching between an operation using raw water as cleaning water and an operation using clarified water during the backwash operation.   The water purification apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the control means has a function of changing a ratio between an operation time using raw water as cleaning water and an operation time using clarified water.   An electric valve for switching between purification and backwashing connected across the inflow path and outflow path of the treatment tank, and an electric valve for switching between raw water and clarified water connected to this motor operated valve, during purification operation Raw water is supplied into the treatment tank through the motorized valve for switching the raw water / clarified water, the motorized valve for switching the purification / backwash, and the inflow passage. Supplying the raw water back to the treatment tank through the motor valve for switching the raw water / clarified water, the motor valve for switching the purification / backwash, and the outflow path by the switching operation of the motor valve for switching the washing. Thereafter, by the operation of switching the raw water / clear water switching motorized valve, the raw water / clarified water switching motor valve, the purification / backwash switching motor operated valve and the outflow passage into the treatment tank. It is characterized by supplying clear water in a reverse flow Water purification device according to any one of Motomeko 1-4.   6. The water purifier according to claim 5, wherein the operation of switching the electric valve for switching the purification / backwash and the electric valve for switching the raw water / clarified water is performed by the control means.   The water purifier according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the electric valve for switching between raw water and clarified water is detachably attached to the electric valve for switching between purification and backwashing.

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