JP3979503B1 - motor - Google Patents

Abstract

A suitable working example of this invention is a motor provided with a rotor having a magnet and a stator having a magnetic circuit which can be opened and closed or a motor provided with a rotor having a magnetic circuit which can be opened and closed and a stator having a magnet. The magnetic circuit is configured to be opened and closed with rotation of the rotor. When the magnet and the magnetic circuit of the rotor and the stator are in proximity to each other, the magnetic pole of the magnet of the rotor or the stator and that of the magnet of the magnetic circuit are arranged to face each other. Thus, the motor which can continuously rotate for a long time with a small energy is provided.

Description

  The present invention relates to a motor using magnetism.

  Currently, heat engines such as external combustion engines and internal combustion engines and so-called electric motors using electric power are mainly used as devices used as power sources in various machines.

  The external combustion engine is used by converting the pressure of steam generated outside the engine into energy, and a so-called reciprocating engine type and a turbine type are generally known. An internal combustion engine uses the expansion and compression of air generated by burning fuel such as gasoline and light oil to obtain power such as rotational force and propulsive force.

  On the other hand, an electric motor is generally a prime mover that obtains a rotational motion by utilizing an interaction between a magnetic field and an electric current. An electric motor generally has a structure including a rotor, a stator, a rotating shaft, and a bearing that supports the rotor. For example, by periodically applying a varying magnetic field to the stator, It is possible to generate an interaction between the two to obtain a driving force. Further, as an electric motor, a linear motor that directly obtains a linear motion is known in addition to the one that obtains a rotational motion.

  As described above, an internal combustion engine or an electric motor is widely used as a power source, and various devices corresponding to the application have been developed and applied widely in practice. However, in order to obtain power with these devices, it is necessary to supply fuel and electricity to this power source. In recent years, from the viewpoint of energy saving and prevention of global warming, a power source capable of performing work with less fuel and power supply is desired.

The present invention has been made in view of such a background, and an object of the present invention is to provide a motor that can continue to rotate for a long time with less energy .

  As a result of extensive studies by the inventor, the above-mentioned problem is provided with a motor including a rotor including a magnet and a stator including a magnetic circuit that can be opened and closed, or a rotor and a magnet including a magnetic circuit that can be opened and closed. It has been found that this can be solved by a motor having a stator and configured to open and close the magnetic circuit in conjunction with the rotation of the rotor.

  The magnetic circuit is formed by a magnet and a yoke, and has an opening / closing mechanism that can open and close the magnetic circuit in conjunction with the rotation of the rotor. The opening / closing mechanism is configured to open the circuit when the rotor or the stator magnet approaches as the rotor rotates, and to close the circuit when the rotor or the stator magnet moves away. By such an opening / closing mechanism, when the magnetic circuit is separated from the magnet of the rotor or stator, the magnetic circuit becomes a closed circuit, so that the magnetic flux leaking from the circuit becomes very small, and the magnetic circuit as a whole does not generate magnetism. Acts like an uncharged ferromagnet. For this reason, an attractive force acts between the magnetic circuit and the rotor or the magnet of the stator, and this applies a rotational force to the rotor. However, even in the phase where the magnetic circuit and the rotor or stator magnet pass through the closest point and are separated from each other, if an attractive force acts between them, the attractive force naturally acts in a direction to reduce the rotational force of the rotor. End up.

  However, since the motor of the present invention includes the above-described opening / closing mechanism, the magnetic circuit is opened when the magnetic circuit and the rotor or the magnet of the stator approach each other. Then, the magnetic flux leaks from the circuit, and the magnetic circuit behaves as a magnet. For this reason, a repulsive force acts between the magnet of the rotor or the stator and the magnetic circuit, and acts to further apply a rotational force to the rotor.

Thus, when the rotor or stator magnet and the magnetic circuit are separated from each other, the motor of the present invention applies an attractive force between them to apply a rotational force to the rotor, and the rotor or stator magnet. When the magnetic circuit and the magnetic circuit are close to each other, a repulsive force acts between them to apply a rotational force to the rotor. For this reason, once the rotor rotates, the motor of the present invention can continue to rotate without requiring much external energy supply. (Of course, it is impossible to keep rotating more than the supplied energy.) Therefore, the motor according to the present invention is very excellent in power saving performance and can perform work with a small amount of fuel and power. And the motor driven by the above-mentioned principle is not known to the world as far as the inventors of the present application know.

  In order to generate a repulsive force between the rotor or stator magnet and the magnetic circuit, of course, the rotor or stator magnet and the magnetic circuit are close to each other. In addition, it is necessary to arrange the rotor or stator magnet and the magnetic circuit magnet so as to face each other. Further, in order to make maximum use of attractive force and repulsive force, it is preferable that the magnetic circuit is opened when the rotor or stator magnet and the magnetic circuit are closest to each other.

  The magnet used for the motor of the present invention is preferably a permanent magnet from the viewpoint of energy saving. As the permanent magnet, a neodymium magnet, a samarium magnet, a ferrite magnet, an alnico magnet, or the like can be used, but it is desirable to use a neodymium magnet because the strongest driving force can be obtained. The yoke used in the motor of the present invention is preferably a material having high magnetic permeability and saturation magnetic flux density. Examples of such substances include pure iron, soft iron, and silicon iron. Pure iron is particularly preferable.

  The shape of the rotor used in the motor according to the present invention can be various shapes such as a rod shape, a propeller shape, a disk shape, an annular shape, a columnar shape, and a cylindrical shape. Further, a so-called inner rotor type in which a rotor is arranged inside the stator can be used, or an outer rotor type in which a rotor is arranged outside the stator. It is also possible to adopt an embodiment in which both the rotor and the stator are flat, and a plurality of layers are stacked to increase the output.

As a magnetic circuit opening / closing mechanism, a mechanism that mechanically interlocks with the rotation of the rotor, a switch that electrically opens and closes the circuit, or an electromagnetic circuit that opens and closes the magnetic circuit may be employed. Good.

  The motor according to the present invention can be easily reduced in size and thickness by using a magnet having a strong magnetic force such as a neodymium magnet. Further, since the degree of freedom of magnet molding is very high, it is easy to increase the size. For this reason, the present invention provides a rotor that can be built into a portable personal computer, such as a rotor having a diameter of about several centimeters and a thickness of about 1 to 2 centimeters, and a large generator. The present invention can be applied to a motor having a diameter of several tens of centimeters to a meter unit.

  Since the motor according to the present invention can be operated for a long time without requiring much energy supply from the outside, it is very excellent in energy saving and does not involve exhaust. For this reason, it can be applied to a wide range of fields as a power source for personal computers and other portable devices, as a power source for refrigerators and other household devices, and as an industrial power source.

Since the motor according to the present invention can continue to rotate for a long time once the rotor rotates, by applying it to a domestic generator or a medium-sized industrial generator, it is possible to generate power even during parking, By developing as a generator for electric vehicles, it contributes greatly to energy conservation in society as a whole. Of course, it should be noted that the motor according to the present invention is not capable of obtaining more energy than the power input for rotating the motor.

  While examples of preferred embodiments of the present invention are set forth in the appended claims, the present invention covers all features and combinations thereof that are explicitly and implicitly described in this specification and the accompanying drawings. Are also included within the scope.

  In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, a rotor including a first magnet disposed so that a magnetic pole faces in a radial direction, and a circular path along which the first magnet moves as the rotor rotates. Is formed by a second magnet and a yoke that are fixedly adjacent to each other and arranged so that the opposing magnetic poles are the same as each other when the first magnet approaches as the rotor rotates. A stator having a magnetic circuit to be opened, and the first magnet is opened from the magnetic circuit in conjunction with the rotation of the rotor in conjunction with the first magnet approaching the magnetic circuit. There is a motor having an opening / closing means for closing the magnetic circuit in conjunction with the separation.

  In a more specific embodiment of the motor according to the above embodiment, the rotor has a plurality of arm portions extending in the radial direction, and the first magnet is disposed in the radial direction on each of the arm portions. It can be configured to be disposed so as to face the same magnetic pole. The rotor is a disk-shaped member that can rotate around a central axis, and is configured such that a plurality of the first magnets are respectively directed to the same magnetic pole in the radial direction at the peripheral edge of the disk member. May be. Further, the rotor is an annular member that can rotate around a central axis, and a plurality of the first magnets are respectively directed to the same magnetic pole in the radial direction in an annular portion of the annular member. You may comprise.

  The magnetic circuit may be fixed not only on the outer side of the circular path but also on the inner side. When the magnetic circuit is arranged outside the circular path, the rotor rotates inside the stator, and when the magnetic circuit is arranged inside the circular path, the rotor is the stator. Will take the embodiment of rotating outside.

  In a specific embodiment of the motor according to the above embodiment, the first magnet has an arc shape.

  In a more specific embodiment of the motor according to the above embodiment, the magnetic circuit includes a first yoke joined to one pole of the second magnet and the other pole of the second magnet. A second yoke to be joined, a first position proximate to both the first yoke and the second yoke, and a second position spaced from one or both of the first yoke and the second yoke. And a third yoke provided to be rotatable between the first magnet, and the opening / closing means includes a first contact portion provided in the vicinity of the first magnet in the rotor, and the third yoke. A second abutting portion that is directly or indirectly consolidated with the yoke and is provided to abut against the first abutting portion during rotation of the rotor so as to apply a rotational force to the third yoke. And can be configured with

In a more specific embodiment of the motor according to the above embodiment, the magnetic circuit is connected to one pole of the second magnet and the other pole of the second magnet. A second yoke to be joined, a first position proximate to both the first yoke and the second yoke, and a second position spaced from one or both of the first yoke and the second yoke. And a third yoke that is pivotably provided between the first and the second, and the opening / closing means is rotated by rotating the third yoke using one or more of a gear, a cam, a belt, and an electric actuator. You may comprise so that it may move.

  In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a rotor including a magnetic circuit formed by a second magnet and a yoke arranged so that the magnetic poles are directed in the radial direction, and rotation of the rotor Accordingly, the magnetic circuit is fixed adjacent to the moving circular path, and the opposing magnetic poles are arranged so as to have the same polarity when the second magnet comes close as the rotor rotates. A stator including a first magnet, and opening the magnetic circuit in conjunction with the rotation of the rotor, the magnetic circuit approaching the first magnet, and the magnetic circuit from the first magnet There is a motor provided with opening / closing means for closing the magnetic circuit in conjunction with the separation. Also in this embodiment, the first magnet may be fixed outside the circular path of the magnetic circuit, or may be fixed inside. The former is an inner rotor type motor, and the latter is an outer rotor type motor.

  Hereinafter, examples of preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing the structure of a motor 100 which is an example of a motor according to the present invention. The motor 100 includes a rotor 102 and magnetic circuits 104a and 104b fixed to a stator (not shown). The rotor 102 is configured to rotate counterclockwise by the rotation shaft 106, and has two arm portions 108 a and 108 b extending from the rotation shaft 106 in the radial direction. The arm portions 108a and 108b have permanent magnets 110a and 110b arranged so that the magnetic poles are directed in the radial direction, respectively, and these magnets have the same radial magnetic poles as depicted in FIG. It is arranged like this. (As depicted in FIG. 1, in this example, the N poles are arranged in the radial direction).

  The magnetic circuits 104 a and 104 b are installed on a stator (not shown) adjacent to the rotation circumference of the rotor 102. The magnetic circuit 104a includes a permanent magnet 112a, a yoke 114a joined to the south pole of the magnet 112a, and a yoke 116a joined to the north pole of the magnet 112a, and is rotatable between the yoke 114a and the yoke 116a. The yoke 118a provided in the is provided. When the yoke 118a is in a position close to the yoke 114a and the yoke 116a as depicted in FIG. 1B, almost all the magnetic flux generated from the magnet 112a is confined to the yoke 114a, the yoke 118a, and the yoke 116a. The magnetic flux that leaks out is extremely small. Of course, even in this state, the leakage magnetic flux does not become zero, but at least becomes extremely small. Therefore, in this state, that is, in a state where the magnetic circuit 104a is closed, the magnetic circuit 104a behaves like a ferromagnet without magnetism as a whole. On the other hand, when the yoke 118a is located away from the yoke 114a and the yoke 116a as illustrated in FIG. 1C, the magnetic flux generated from the magnet 112a leaks to the outside from the open ends of the yoke 114a and the yoke 116a. Therefore, in this state, that is, in the open state of the magnetic circuit 104a, the magnetic circuit 104a behaves as a magnet with magnetism as a whole. Thus, the yoke 118a rotates or closes or opens the magnetic circuit 104a to change the property of the magnetic circuit 104a from an unmagnetized magnetic material to a magnetized magnetic material.

  As a means for rotating the yoke 118a, a mechanism that rotates mechanically in conjunction with the rotation of the rotor 102 may be employed, or control may be performed so as to electrically rotate the yoke 118a. An example of means for mechanically rotating the yoke 118a will be described later using another embodiment.

  The magnet 112a has a magnetic pole facing the magnet 110a or 110b that is the same as the magnet 110a or 110b when the magnet 110a or 110b of the rotor 102 is in a position close to the magnetic circuit 104a, that is, as shown in FIG. 1A. Arranged to be poles. In FIG. 1A, all of the opposing magnetic poles are depicted as N poles, but of course, the opposing magnetic poles may be arranged as S poles.

  Similarly to the magnetic circuit 104a, the magnetic circuit 104b also includes a permanent magnet 112b and yokes 114b to 118b. The magnetic circuit 104b and the magnetic circuit 104a have the same structure, and the symbols a and b are simply given to distinguish these components in FIG. In the example of FIG. 1, two magnetic circuits are provided, but the number of magnetic circuits may be one or four, or may take various numbers according to a request according to a specific embodiment. it can.

  Next, the operation of the motor 100 will be described with reference to FIG. When the motor 100 is not yet driven, the magnets 110a and 110b of the rotor 102 are located away from the magnetic circuits 104a and 104b, as depicted in FIG. 2A. From this state, it is assumed that the rotor 102 is rotated counterclockwise by some method such as electrical or mechanical (FIG. 2B).

  At this time, since the magnetic circuits 104a and 104b are in a closed state, as described above, they behave like a ferromagnetic material having no magnetism as a whole. Therefore, the magnets 110a and 110b of the rotor 102 are attracted to the magnetic circuits 104a and 104b so that the magnet is attracted to the iron. This attractive force gives a rotational force to the rotor 102, and the rotor further rotates (FIG. 2C).

  When the rotor 102 further rotates and the magnets 110a and 110b reach the positions closest to the magnetic circuits 104a and 104b (see FIG. 2D), the yokes 118a and 118b rotate and the magnetic circuits 104a and 104b are opened. Then, as described above, the magnetic circuits 104a and 104b function as a magnet as a whole. In the arrangement depicted in FIG. 2D, since the magnets 112a and 112b are opposed to the magnets 110a and 110b, a strong repulsive force acts between the magnets 110a and 110b and the magnetic circuits 104a and 104b. A rotational force is applied to 102, and the rotor 102 is further rotated counterclockwise (FIG. 2E). Thereafter, the yokes 118a and 118b return to the positions where the magnetic circuits 104a and 104b are closed, and the magnets 110a and 110b and the magnetic circuits 104a and 104b are attracted again (FIG. 2F).

  As described above, when the magnets 110a and 110b provided on the rotor 102 are located away from the magnetic circuits 104a and 104b by opening and closing the magnetic circuits 104a and 104b by the yokes 118a and 118b, When the magnets 110a and 110b and the magnetic circuits 104a and 104b are attracted and the magnets 110a and 110b are close to the magnetic circuits 104a and 104b, the magnets 110a and 110b and the magnetic circuits 104a and 104b repel each other. A rotational force is applied to the rotor 102 one after another. For this reason, once the rotor 102 is rotated, it can continue to rotate without requiring much external energy supply. Therefore, the motor 100 is a very energy saving motor.

  Of course, energy is required to open and close the magnetic circuits 104a and 104b, and energy loss due to friction of the system also occurs. Therefore, the motor 100 cannot continue to rotate indefinitely without supplying energy from the outside. . However, in the motor 100 according to the present invention, the attractive force / repulsive force repeatedly acts on the magnet and the magnetic circuit provided in the rotor by the above-described unique configuration, so that the motor 100 itself applies the rotational force to the rotor 102. be able to. For this reason, the motor 100 can be continuously rotated for a long time with less energy than a conventional motor, and it can be said that the motor 100 is very excellent in energy saving.

  As described a little earlier, the shape of the rotor of the motor according to the present invention is not limited to the shape in which the two arms extend from the central axis like the rotor 102, and the number of arm portions is three. There may be four, five, or more. Of course, it is preferable to arrange the magnets on the respective arm portions so that the same magnetic poles are directed in the radial direction. It is also possible to use a disk-shaped or annular rotor. In such a case, a magnet could be placed near the outer edge of the disk or ring. The number and interval of the magnets can be arbitrarily selected depending on the embodiment. Of course, the magnetic poles of the magnets should all be the same in the radial direction. The number of magnets provided on the rotor and the number of magnetic circuits provided on the stator are not limited to two, and may be any number of three, four, five, or more. It is preferable that the number of magnets installed on the rotor and the stator is three, four, or more than two because the amount of attractive force and repulsive force applied to the rotor is large. The shape of the rotor can be a cylindrical shape.

  A motor in which an openable and closable magnetic circuit such as 104a and 104b is arranged on the rotor side and a fixed magnet such as 110a and 110b is arranged on the stator side is also included in the present invention. In such an embodiment, it is preferable to install magnets corresponding to 110a and 110b so as to be movable on the stator in the radial direction of the rotor. If the radial distance between the magnet on the stator and the magnetic circuit on the rotor is reduced, the attractive force / repulsive force acting between them increases, and if the radial distance is increased, the attractive force acting between them is increased.・ Repulsive force decreases. Therefore, in the above embodiment, by moving the magnet on the stator, the attractive force / repulsive force acting between the magnet on the stator and the magnetic circuit on the rotor can be changed. The rotation speed can be changed. Thus, when it is desired to control the rotational speed of the rotor, the embodiment in which the magnetic circuit is installed on the rotor and the magnet installed on the stator can be moved in the radial direction of the rotor is very Useful. Of course, in the motor 100 illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the magnetic circuits 104a and 104b can be configured to be movable. However, rather than moving the entire magnetic circuit, a single magnet such as 110a and 110b is used. It would be easier to configure it to move.

  In the motor 100 according to the present embodiment, the rotor rotates inside the stator. In such a configuration, there is an advantage that the rotor can be made small and light. However, the motor according to the present invention may be configured to rotate the rotor outside the stator. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example of such a motor.

  A motor 300 according to another embodiment of the present invention is fixed at equal intervals to an annular rotor 302 and a stator (not shown) disposed adjacent to the rotor 302 inside the rotor 302. Two magnetic circuits 306a to 306d. The annular rotor 302 includes four arc-shaped magnets 304a to 304d installed at equal intervals along the circumference in the annular portion.

  The arc-shaped magnets 304 a to 304 d are all disposed such that the magnetic poles are directed in the radial direction of rotation of the rotor 302. In other words, the arc-shaped magnets 304a to 304d are magnets having different outer diameter sides and inner diameter sides, and the outer diameter side magnetic poles and the inner diameter side magnetic poles are all arranged to be the same. The magnetic circuits 306a to 306d are the same as the magnetic circuits 104a and 104b described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, and include a magnet, two yokes joined to the respective pole portions, and magnetically connecting these yokes. A magnetic circuit opening / closing switch that can be connected or disconnected is provided. Like the motor 100, the magnetic circuit magnet poles are arranged so that the poles are identical to each other (ie, repel each other) when in proximity to the rotor magnet. The magnetic circuit open / close switch opens the magnetic circuits 306a to 306d in conjunction with the approach of the arc-shaped magnets 304a to 304d, and closes the magnetic circuits 306a to 306d in conjunction with the separation of the arc-shaped magnets 304a to 304d. Similar to the magnetic circuits 104a and 104b, the magnetic circuits 306a to 306d also behave as non-magnetized magnetic bodies when the circuits are closed, and behave as magnets when the circuits are open.

  As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the rotor 302 is configured to be able to rotate counterclockwise. As shown in FIG. 3A, when the arcuate magnets 304a to 304d are located away from the magnetic circuits 306a to 306d, the magnetic circuits 306a to 306d are closed. For this reason, an attractive force acts between the arc-shaped magnets 304 a to 304 d and the magnetic circuits 306 a to 306 d, and this applies a rotational force to the rotor 302. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3B, when the rotor 302 rotates until the arc-shaped magnets 304a to 304d come close to the magnetic circuits 306a to 306d, the magnetic circuits 306a to 306d are opened, and the magnetic circuits 306a to 306d behave as magnets. It becomes like this. In this arrangement, the arc-shaped magnets 304a to 304d and the magnets of the magnetic circuits 306a to 306d are arranged so that the opposing poles are the same. Therefore, in the arrangement depicted in FIG. ˜304d and the magnetic circuits 306a to 306d, a repulsive force acts on the rotor 302.

  As described above, similarly to the motor 100, the motor 300 can apply a rotational force to the rotor 302 itself by repeatedly applying an attractive force and a repulsive force to the magnet and the magnetic circuit provided in the rotor. Therefore, the motor 300 is also a motor that is extremely excellent in energy saving. Further, since the rotor rotates outside the stator, the central part of the stator can be integrated and the rotor can be enlarged.

  Then, the example of the more concrete embodiment of this invention is demonstrated using FIGS.

  FIG. 4 is a plan perspective view of a motor 500 according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a view taken in the direction of arrow A in FIG. The motor 500 includes a disk-like rotor 2 that is rotatably supported on the frame 1 by the rotating shaft 11, and four magnetic circuits 3, 4, 5, and 6 that are fixed to the frame 1. Arc-shaped magnets 16, 17, 18, and 19 are installed at equal intervals on the peripheral edge of the disk-like rotor 2. The arc-shaped magnets 16 to 19 are all magnets having different magnetic poles on the outer diameter side and the inner diameter side, and are all installed so that the same pole is directed in the radial direction.

  The magnetic circuits 3 to 6 fixed at equal intervals adjacent to the outer edge of the rotor 2 are basically the same as the magnetic circuits 104a, 104b and 306a to 306d that appear in the previous example, and the rod-shaped magnet 12 -15 and a yoke material joined to the magnetic pole, and switches 7 to 10 on which a rotatable yoke material is arranged at the cut of the yoke material. The rod-shaped magnets 12 to 15 are arranged so that their magnetic poles are opposite to the magnets 16 to 19 when the magnets 16 to 19 included in the rotor 2 are closest to each other as the rotor 2 rotates. Since the switches 7 to 10 are very close to the yoke joined to the bar magnets 12 to 15 in the closed position, like the yokes 118 a and 118 b described in the previous example, the magnetic flux generated from the bar magnets 12 to 15. Is confined inside the circuit. Therefore, in a state where the switches 7 to 10 are closed, the magnetic circuits 3 to 6 behave like a simple ferromagnet which is not magnetized, like the magnetic circuits 104a and 104b in the closed state. (Of course, the magnetic flux leaking from the magnetic circuits 3 to 6 is not zero, but not many.) When the switches 7 to 10 are rotated to the open position, the magnetic flux generated from the bar magnets 12 to 15 is not generated in the circuit. Thus, the magnetic circuits 3 to 6 can behave like magnets in the same manner as the magnetic circuits 104a and 104b in the open state.

  As the magnets 16 to 19 included in the rotor 2, arc-shaped magnets having different magnetic poles with an outer diameter and an inner diameter can be used, so that the time for approaching the magnetic circuits 3 to 6 during rotation can be lengthened, and attractive force or repulsive force It is possible to take a long time to effectively act. An advantage of using a disk-like or annular member as the rotor 2 is that an arc-shaped magnet having such an advantage can be easily attached.

  Next, details of the opening / closing mechanism of the switches 7 to 10 will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 6, only the state in which the arc-shaped magnet 17 is close to the switch 8 is drawn because of the drawing area of the drawing, but the other arc-shaped magnets 16, 18, 19, and the switches 7, 9, Note that a similar structure is formed for 10.

  The rotor 2 has a pin holding base 25 fixed to the surface of the rotor 2 in the vicinity of the arc-shaped magnet 17 and a pin shape that is held by the pin holding base 25 and protrudes in the radial direction of the rotor 2. The contact portion 38 is provided.

  The opening / closing element 8 includes an opening / closing element support frame 50 formed by projecting in a frame shape from the frame 1, and a shaft 31 a passed between the beam portion of the support frame 50 and the frame 1. The shaft 31a is rotatably supported between yokes 13a and 13b respectively joined to the poles of the magnet 13. As the yoke 28 rotates, the yokes 13a and 13b are magnetically coupled or separated.

  Further, the opening / closing element 8 includes a flat plate 32 passed between the two column portions of the support 50 at the upper portion of the yoke 28, a shaft column 31 integrated with the shaft 31a at the upper portion of the flat plate 32, and the shaft column 31 to the yoke. A rod 29 extended parallel to the shaft 28 on both sides of the shaft, a rotor 30a provided on the rotor side end of the flat plate 32, and a rotatable lever 30a which is stabilized at an initial position by being biased by a spring (not shown) A hook 30 and the like that are coupled to 30 a, protrude from the back of the flat plate 32 to the front, and lock the rod 29 are provided. Since the rod 29 extends parallel to the yoke 28, the rod 29 extends in the radial direction of the rotor 2 when the yoke 28 is in a closed state. Further, the rod 29 has such a length that it abuts against the pin 38 when the pin 38 approaches the opening / closing element 8 as the rotor 2 rotates. The initial position of the lever 30a is also determined so that the pin 38 abuts against the pin 38 when the pin 38 approaches the opening / closing element 8.

  When the rotor 2 rotates counterclockwise and the magnet 17 comes closest to the magnetic circuit 4 as depicted in FIG. 6, first, the pin 38 abuts against the lever 30a, so that the lever 30a falls counterclockwise and the lever The hook 30 coupled to 30 a is retracted below the flat plate 30. Subsequently, the pin 38 hits the rod 29. Then, since the hook 30 is retracted below the flat plate 30, the rod 29 is bounced off and rotates clockwise together with the shaft column 31 and the shaft 31a. Since the yoke 28 is coupled to the rod 29 via the shaft column 31 and the shaft 31a, when the rod 29 rotates, the yoke 28 also rotates and the magnetic circuit 4 is opened. When the magnetic circuit 4 is opened, the magnetic circuit 4 behaves as a magnet, and the magnet 13 of the magnetic circuit 4 is installed so that the pole faces the magnet 17 of the rotor 2. A repulsive force acts between the magnets 17, and a force that further rotates the rotor 2 counterclockwise is applied to the rotor 2.

  When the rotor 2 passes by the vicinity of the magnetic circuit 4 and the pin 38 passes, the lever 30a is biased by a spring (not shown) to return to the initial position, and accordingly the hook 30 also protrudes on the flat plate 32 again. The rod 29 continues to rotate with the shaft column 31 and the yoke 28 after being repelled by the pin 38, but when it rotates 180 degrees, it strikes the hook 30 that has popped out again and stops rotating. This prevents the yoke 28 from continuing to rotate past the circuit closed position. Moreover, since the yoke 28 is magnetically attracted to the yokes 13a and 13b, the yoke 28 can be stably stopped at the circuit closed position.

  In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 6, the lever 30 a and the hook 30 are arranged so as to protrude on the flat plate 32, but they may be arranged so as to protrude below the flat plate 32. In this case, the pin 38 also needs to be configured to pass below the flat plate 32. In such an embodiment, since gravity acts so as to return to the original position with respect to the lever 30a jumped to the pin 38, there is an advantage that it is easy to return the lever 30a and the hook 30 to the initial position. Therefore, as a spring for biasing the lever 30a and the hook 30 to the initial position, an embodiment using a spring having a weaker elastic force than the motor according to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 6 or an embodiment using no spring at all. It is also possible to take.

Thus, the magnetic circuit opening / closing mechanism of the motor 500 can mechanically open and close the magnetic circuits 3 to 6 in conjunction with the rotation of the rotor 2. Further, it is not necessary to separately prepare an actuator for opening and closing the magnetic circuits 3 to 6 and a control circuit for controlling the opening and closing timing, so that the structure becomes simple. In this embodiment, the pin 38 is provided in the vicinity of the magnets 16 to 19 of the rotor 2 without separately providing a timing control circuit or the like, so that the magnets 16 to 19 are closest to the magnetic circuits 3 to 6. The magnetic circuits 3 to 6 can be reliably opened. The motor 500 can accelerate the rotor 2 by attractive force acting between the magnets 16-19 and the magnetic circuits 3-6 until the magnets 16-19 of the rotor 2 are closest to the magnetic circuits 3-6. However, even if the magnets 16 to 19 pass through the vicinity of the magnetic circuits 3 to 6, if the attractive force continues to work between them, the force that causes the magnets 16 to 19 to be pulled back toward the magnetic circuits 3 to 6 works and rotates. The rotation of the child 2 is obstructed. However, as soon as the magnets 16 to 19 are in closest contact with the magnetic circuits 3 to 6, the motor 500 opens the magnetic circuits 3 to 6 and exerts a repulsive force on the magnets 16 to 19, thereby further accelerating the rotor 2. Can do. Therefore, the motor 500 can use the attractive force / repulsive force acting between the rotor 2 and the magnetic circuits 3 to 6 very efficiently to rotate the rotor 2.

  The motor 500 is configured to open the magnetic circuit by causing the rod 29 and the pin 38 to collide with each other. Needless to say, the rod and the pin are examples, but the shape of the collision part such as a plate shape or a bowl shape is used. Various things can be used.

  The magnetic circuit opening / closing mechanism of the motor 500 further includes an auxiliary mechanism for facilitating opening / closing of the switches 7-10. Referring to FIG. 5, the shaft column 31 is provided with a rod 33 protruding perpendicularly to both the shaft 31 a and the rod 29, and magnets 34 and 35 are attached to both ends of the rod 33. Further, magnets 36 and 37 are attached to the rods protruding from the support frame 50. The magnets 36 and 37 are disposed so as to face the magnets 34 and 35 when the yoke 28 is in a position to close the magnetic circuit 4. The magnets 34 and 35 are attached so that the outer diameter side has the same polarity, and the magnets 36 and 37 are attached so that the poles facing the magnets 34 and 35 are the same polarity as the magnets 34 and 35. Therefore, when the yoke 28 is in a position to close the magnetic circuit 4, a repulsive force acts between the magnets 34 and 35 and the magnets 36 and 37.

  When the yoke 28 is in a position where the magnetic circuit 4 is closed, the yoke 28 is magnetically attracted to the yokes 13a and 13b. Therefore, a large force is required to rotate the yoke 28. However, since repulsive force is acting between the magnets 34 and 35 and the magnets 36 and 37, if the yoke 28 rotates even a little and the horizontal positions of the magnets 34 and 35 and the magnets 36 and 37 can be displaced, these The repulsive force acting during the rotation acts to rotate the yoke 28. For this reason, in the motor 500, compared with the embodiment which does not comprise the magnets 34-37 and the rod 33, the yoke 28 can be rotated with a small force. This means that the rotor 2 continues to rotate for a longer time.

Furthermore, as can be seen from a closer look at FIG. 6, when the yoke 28 is in a position to close the magnetic circuit 4, the horizontal positions of the magnets 34 and 35 and the magnets 36 and 37 are shifted in advance. The repulsive force acting between the magnets 34 and 35 and the magnets 36 and 37 acts in the direction in which the yoke 28 is intended to rotate even when the yoke 28 is in a position to close the magnetic circuit 4. Yes. Of course, when the yoke 28 is in a position to close the magnetic circuit 4, the yoke 28 is attracted to the yokes 13a and 13b, and the rod 29 is locked by the hook 30 and cannot be rotated. It does not rotate. However, the repulsive force acting between the magnets 34 and 35 and the magnets 36 and 37 further reduces the force required to rotate the yoke 28, and the rotor 2 can flip the rod 29 with a smaller force. it can. That is, the energy required for the rotor 2 to open and close the open / close elements 7 to 10 is further reduced, and the external energy supply for the motor 500 to keep rotating the rotor 2 can be further reduced .

  An example of still another opening / closing assist mechanism of the magnetic circuits 3 to 6 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7A is a plan view of a second opening / closing assist mechanism described here, and 76B is a side view. The second opening / closing assist mechanism includes a pulley 41 provided inside the magnetic circuit 4, a pulley 42 fixed to the yoke 28 via a ratchet mechanism, a wire 40, and a ferromagnetic coupled to 43 via the pulley 41. A small member 39 and a spring 42 fixed to the lower portion of the pulley 42. The ratchet mechanism of the pulley 42 transmits the rotational force to the yoke 28 only in the direction in which the yoke 28 is rotated by the rotor 2 (clockwise in FIG. 6A). The spring 43 is configured to apply a rotational force in a direction opposite to the rotational direction of the yoke 28 to the pulley 42. When the yoke 28 closes the magnetic circuit 4, the small magnetic member 39 is held in the vicinity of the yoke 13 b at a position separated from the yoke 13 b by receiving the elastic force of the spring 43 through the wire 40. .

  When the rotor 2 approaches the magnetic circuit 4 due to the rotation of the rotor 2, the magnetic flux of the rotor magnet reaches the magnetic circuit 4 and is added to the magnetic flux in the timing circuit, causing an overflow in the magnetic circuit. Due to the overflowed magnetic force, the small member 39, which is a magnetic body, is attracted to the yoke 13b, pulls the wire 40 and tries to rotate the pulley 42. Then, since the yoke 28 is fixed to the pulley 42, the yoke 28 is also rotated with the rotation of the pulley 42. As described above, the second opening / closing assist mechanism has an effect of assisting the rotation of the yoke 28, so that the kinetic energy consumed by the rotor 2 for rotating the yoke 28 can be reduced. That is, there is an effect that the rotor 2 can continue to rotate for a longer time. When the magnet of the rotor 2 is separated from the magnetic circuit 4 by rotation, the yoke 28 rotates 180 degrees, the hook 30 engages the rod 29, the rotation of the yoke 28 stops, and the magnetic circuit 4 is closed. The magnetic flux leaking from 13b is reduced and the attractive force to the magnetic small member 39 is drastically reduced, and the magnetic small member 39 is pulled back to the initial position by the force of the spring 43. At this time, the pulley 42 rotates in the direction opposite to the previous direction, but since the ratchet mechanism is incorporated, no rotational force in the reverse direction is applied to the yoke 28.

  Since the magnetic small member 39 frequently receives a magnetic force as the magnetic circuit 4 is opened and closed, it is preferable that the magnetic small member 39 is a substance that is not easily magnetized while being a magnetic body. As such a substance, for example, pure iron can be used.

  The operation of the motor 500 will be summarized with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 8, when the arc-shaped magnets 16 to 19 provided in the rotor 2 are located between the magnetic circuits 3 to 6 fixed to the frame 1, the magnetic circuits 3 to 6 are provided. The switches 7 to 10 are in a closed state. When a rotational force is applied to the rotor as an initial motion from the outside to rotate it counterclockwise, the arc-shaped magnets 16 to 19 approach the magnetic circuits 3 to 6 of the stator. At that time, the magnets provided in the rotor 2 and the magnets 12 through 15 provided in the magnetic circuits 3 through 6 and the magnets 12 through 15 have a small leakage flux of the magnetic circuits 3 through 6 even though the same magnetic poles face each other. However, the magnetic circuits 3 to 6 are attracted to the magnets 16 to 19 of the rotor 2 as simple ferromagnetic materials. Due to this attractive force, the rotation of the rotor 2 is accelerated.

  Further, when the magnets 16 to 19 of the rotor 2 are closest to the magnetic circuits 3 to 6, the magnetic circuits 3 to 6 are opened by the opening / closing mechanism described above. Then, the magnets 12 to 15 in the magnetic circuit are disconnected from the magnetic flux and the magnetic poles of the magnets 16 to 19 of the rotor 2 are opposed to each other. Therefore, a repulsive force is exerted on the magnets 16 to 19 of the rotor 2. Furthermore, rotational force is applied. When the magnets 16 to 19 of the rotor 2 further move away from the magnetic circuits 3 to 6 of the frame 1, the magnetic circuits 3 to 6 are closed again by the opening / closing mechanism described above. The pin of the opening / closing mechanism provided in the rotor 2 always repels the rod of the opening / closing element 7-10 at the position where the magnet of the rotor is closest to the magnetic circuit. Is half-turned and hooked. Thus, always, the magnetic circuit opens, coincident with the magnet provided on the rotor closest to the magnetic circuit, and the magnetic circuit closes when the magnet provided on the rotor leaves the magnetic circuit.

  As a magnetic circuit opening / closing mechanism, various methods such as transmission of force to the opening / closing element using a gear, a cam, or a belt can be used in addition to the above-described mechanism using a pin.

  In addition to the magnets described above, various mechanisms such as a spring, a spring, a shape memory alloy, an electromagnet, and an electric actuator can be used as the opening / closing auxiliary mechanism.

  Next, some modified examples of the motor 500 will be described. In the first modification, the shape of the movable yoke of the magnetic circuit is changed from a rod shape to a slightly butterfly shape. This modification will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 10A schematically illustrates the shape of the movable yoke. As illustrated in FIG. 10A, the rotating yoke 28 ′ has a butterfly shape as viewed from above, in which two sectors are aligned in opposite directions from each other. The operation of the motor 500 ′, which is a modified example of the motor 500 using the rotating yoke 28 ′, will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The motor 500 ′ is the same as the motor 500 described in FIGS. 4 to 9 except that the shape of the rotary yoke 28 is a butterfly type. The magnetic circuit 4 ′ is the same as the magnetic circuit 4 described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 9 except that the movable yoke is a butterfly yoke 28 ′. Therefore, the same components as those of the motor 500 are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. As illustrated in FIG. 10B, when the arcuate magnet 17 provided on the rotor 2 is at a position away from the magnetic circuit 4 ′, the rotating yoke 28 ′ is at a position to close the magnetic circuit 4 ′. When the rotor 2 rotates and the arc-shaped magnet 17 is closest to the magnetic circuit 4 ′, the rotary yoke 28 ′ is opened by the opening / closing mechanism described in FIG. Then, as depicted in FIG. 10 (d), due to the repulsive force acting between the magnetic circuit 4 and the arc-shaped magnet 17, the arc-shaped magnet 17 is jumped off and a rotational force is applied to the rotor 2. The rotary yoke 28 'also tries to rotate further by the opening / closing mechanism described in FIG.

  As time further advances, the rotary yoke 28 'rotates to a position where the magnetic circuit 4' can be closed. At this time, unlike the rotary yoke 28 depicted in FIG. 7A, the rotary yoke 28 ′ has a butterfly shape, so that the fan-shaped protruding portion enters between the yokes 13 a and 13 b, thereby The magnetic circuit 4 ′ can be closed earlier than 28. Thus, by making the movable yoke into a butterfly shape, it is possible to obtain the effect that the opened magnetic circuit can be quickly closed.

  The modification described below is an example in which the opening / closing mechanism of the magnetic circuit 4 in the motor 500 described with reference to FIGS. This modification will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 11 is a top perspective view and a side view of a motor 1100 according to the present invention. The motor 1100 has the same configuration as the motor 500 except for the opening / closing mechanism of the magnetic circuit 4. Therefore, the same components as those of the motor 500 are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the motor 1100 is fixed to the rotor 2 and is provided with a first gear 1102 provided so as to be able to rotate about the same rotational axis as the rotor 2, and a rotating yoke of the magnetic circuit 4. And a second gear 1104 that is fixed directly or indirectly to the rotary yoke 28 so as to be rotatable about the same rotational axis as the rotary yoke 28. The first gear 1102 and the second gear 1104 are provided so as to mesh with each other, and particularly the arc-shaped magnet on the rotor 2 so that the magnetic circuit 4 can be opened and closed in conjunction with the rotation of the rotor 2. The diameter of the gear and the number of teeth are adjusted so that the rotary yoke 28 opens the magnetic circuit 4 when 17 is closest to the magnetic circuit 4. In the case of a rotor having four magnets at regular intervals, such as the rotor 2, the diameter of the gear connected to the rotary yoke is half that of the rotor.

  In such an embodiment, since the magnetic circuit 4 is opened and closed using a gear, the rotation of the rotor 2 and the opening and closing of the magnetic circuit 4 can be stably linked. Therefore, it is advantageous when the motor must be rotated at high speed. In addition, an opening / closing mechanism using gears has an advantage that the opening / closing mechanism using a gear can be operated more silently than an opening / closing mechanism that collides a contact portion like the opening / closing mechanism in the motor 500.

  The motor 1100 further includes a flywheel 1106 on the gear 1104. Due to the inertial force of the flywheel 1106, the force for rotating the rotary yoke 28 is averaged, and the opening / closing operation of the magnetic circuit 4 can be made more stable.

  The modification described subsequently is an embodiment in which the magnetic circuit is arranged in two upper and lower stages. This embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. Similar to the motor 500, the motor 1200 according to this embodiment includes a disk-shaped rotor 1202, an arc-shaped magnet 1204 installed on the rotor 1202, and a magnetic circuit 1206 that opens and closes in conjunction with the rotation of the rotor 1202. , 1208. Although not shown, four magnets similar to the arc-shaped magnet 1204 are disposed on the rotor 1202 every ¼ turn, as with the rotor 2 described above. Similar to the magnetic circuit 4 described above, the magnetic circuits 1206 and 1208 are composed of a bar magnet, a yoke bonded to both ends thereof, and a yoke that is rotatably provided so as to open and close the magnetic circuit. However, the respective bar magnets 1210 and 1212 are arranged so that the directions of the poles are opposite to each other. The magnetic circuits 1206 and 1208 are installed so as to overlap each other with a predetermined interval so that mutual magnetic forces do not influence each other. Further, the rotary yoke 1214 that opens and closes the magnetic circuit 1206 and the rotary yoke 1216 that opens and closes the magnetic circuit 1208 are arranged so as to cross each other at right angles, and are configured to rotate around the same rotation axis. . For this reason, the magnetic circuits 1206 and 1208 have a positional relationship that when one is closed, the other is open.

  The advantage of such a configuration is that the force to rotate the rotor can be increased. When the arc-shaped magnet 1204 approaches the magnetic circuits 1206 and 1208, the magnetic circuit 1206 is open and the magnetic circuit 1208 is closed, so that the magnetic poles attract each other with the magnetic circuit 1206. And a force to attract the magnetic material acts between the magnetic circuit 1208 and the magnetic circuit 1208. On the other hand, when the magnet 1204 moves away from the magnetic circuits 1206 and 1208, the magnetic circuit 1206 is closed and the magnetic circuit 1208 is open, so that a force to attract the magnetic material to the magnetic circuit 1206 is used. Therefore, a force acts in a direction that prevents rotation, but forces that repel each other with the magnetic circuit 1208 work.

  Therefore, the magnitude of the rotational force acting while the magnetic circuit is opened and closed once is calculated. First, the magnitude of the attractive force acting on the rotor magnet and the magnetic circuit when the magnetic circuit is closed is 1, and the magnitude of the repulsive force or attractive force acting on the rotor magnet and the magnetic circuit when the magnetic circuit is open. This is expressed as 2. The reason why the force is stronger when the magnetic circuit is open is that when the magnetic circuit is closed, the magnetic circuit has no magnetism, whereas when the magnetic circuit is open, the magnetic circuit itself is a magnet. Because it acts as. At the stage where the magnet 1204 approaches the magnetic circuits 1206 and 1208, the rotational force applied by the magnetic circuit 1206 is 2 and the rotational force applied by the magnetic circuit 1208 is 1, for a total of three. At the stage where the magnet 1204 moves away from the magnetic circuits 1206 and 1208, the rotational force applied by the magnetic circuit 1206 is -1, and the rotational force applied by the magnetic circuit 1208 is 2, which is 1. Therefore, in the motor 1200, the magnitude of the rotational force acting while the magnetic circuit is opened and closed once is estimated to be 4.

  On the other hand, when the magnetic circuit is a single layer like the motor 500 described above, the force acting between the rotor and the stator while the magnetic circuit is opened and closed once is the attractive force at the stage where the rotor magnet approaches. The repulsive force when moving away from 1 is 2, which is a total of 3. Thus, it is understood that the force for rotating the rotor can be increased by making the magnetic circuit into two layers.

  In the embodiment such as the motor 1200, it is preferable that the longitudinal width of the magnet of the rotor is increased by the amount corresponding to the two layers of the magnetic circuit as compared with the embodiment such as the motor 500. The above-described mechanism can be applied to other opening / closing mechanisms and opening / closing assist mechanisms.

  An example of a generator using the motor according to the present invention will be introduced with reference to FIG. As illustrated in FIG. 14A, the generator 1400 has a structure in which a motor 1402 and a dynamo 1404 are incorporated in a frame 1406. Details of the motor 1402 are depicted in FIGS. 14B and 14C. The motor 1402 includes an annular rotor 1408 having four annular magnets 1410 at equal intervals on the peripheral edge, and a stator having four openable / closable magnetic circuits 1412 similar to the magnetic circuits 4 and 4 ′ described above. 6 are stacked. Each of the motors is a motor similar to the motors 500 and 1100 described above except that the rotor has an annular shape. Each rotor 1408 is configured to be able to rotate about the shaft 1405 as a central axis by being fixed to a frame 1403 fixed to a shaft 1405 rotatably held by a bearing 1405a. Similar to the motors 500 and 1100, each magnetic circuit 1412 is configured to open and close in conjunction with the rotation of the rotor 1408.

  Each magnetic circuit 1412 includes a rotating yoke similar to the above-described rotating yoke 28, and these are connected to rotate around the same rotation axis in the vertical direction. A flywheel 1414 is connected to the top and bottom of the yoke rotation shaft so that the magnetic circuit 1412 can be stably opened and closed by its inertial force. The dynamo 1404 is installed inside the frame 1403 while sharing a rotation axis. When the motor 1402 rotates according to the principle of the present invention already described, power is generated by the dynamo.

  An example of the embodiment of the present invention will be further introduced with reference to FIGS. 15A to 15D. 15A to 15D are top perspective views schematically showing the configuration and operation of a motor 1500 according to an embodiment to be introduced. Similar to the above-described embodiment, the motor 1500 includes a rotor in which four arc-shaped magnets are installed on the circumferential portion, and a stator having four magnetic circuits that can be opened and closed by a rotating yoke. When the magnetic circuit is opened and closed in conjunction with the rotation of the motor, an attractive force or a repulsive force acts between the magnet on the rotor and the magnetic circuit, and this is a motor that gives the rotor a rotational force. 15A to 15D, the same components as those in the above-described embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and the description thereof may be omitted.

  The magnetic circuit 4 ′ is equivalent to the magnetic circuit described with reference to FIG. 10, and has a feature that the shape of the rotary yoke 28 ′ has a butterfly shape. Although only one magnetic circuit is illustrated in FIGS. 15A to 15D, in reality, the same four are provided at equal intervals as in the above-described embodiment. Similarly to the embodiment described with reference to FIG. 11, the motor 1500 includes a gear 1102 that is supported on the same rotational axis as the rotor 2 and a gear 1104 that is supported on the same rotational axis as the rotational yoke 28 ′. Are installed so that these gears mesh with each other, so that the rotation of the rotor and the opening and closing of the magnetic circuit are interlocked. The diameter of the gear 1104 is half that of the gear 1102, and the rotational speed of the gear 1104 is twice that of the gear 1102.

  The motor 1500 includes two magnets 1502 and 1504 at a peripheral portion of a gear 1104 that is pivotally supported by the rotation shaft of the rotary yoke 28 ′. As depicted in FIG. 15A, magnets 1502 and 1504 are placed 180 degrees apart from each other on gear 1104. The direction of the magnetic poles of the magnets 1502 and 1504 is oriented in the tangential direction of the gear 1104 and is oriented parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rotary yoke 28 '. A line connecting the magnets 1502 and 1504 is orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the rotary yoke 28 '. The magnetic poles of the magnets 1502 and 1504 are oriented so that the magnetic pole on the rear side in the rotation direction of the gear 1104 is the same as the magnetic pole on the outer peripheral side of the rotor. 15A, since the rotation direction of the rotor 2 and the gear 1102 is counterclockwise, the rotation direction of the rotation yoke 28 ′ and the gear 1104 is clockwise, and the magnets 16 and 17 of the rotor 2 are The magnetic poles of the magnets 1502 and 1504 are arranged so that the clockwise front is the S pole and the rear is the N pole. The shape of the magnets 1502 and 1504 may be, for example, a small disk shape, and the magnetic force may not be so strong.

  Hereinafter, the operation of the motor 1500 will be described with reference to FIGS. 15A to 15D. In the motor 1500, an angle formed by an arc such as the arc-shaped magnets 16 and 17 and the rotation center of the rotor 2 is 40 degrees. Further, the width of the rotary yoke 28 'is approximately one third of the length at the central portion thereof, and the angle of the butterfly portion is approximately 20 degrees. The rotation radius of the rotary yoke 28 ′ is approximately one tenth of the rotation radius of the rotor 2. Of course, it should be noted that these numbers are only an example.

  FIG. 15A depicts a state in which the magnet 17 is opposed to the magnetic circuit 4 ′ among the four arc-shaped magnets provided in the rotor 2 rotating counterclockwise in the drawing. The gear 1102 provided on the rotating yoke 28 ′ is rotated clockwise by the gear 1102 rotating with the rotor 2, but the rotating yoke 28 ′ is still closed in the state of FIG. 15A. Accordingly, a force is exerted on the rotating yoke 28 'to keep the rotating yoke 28' in the circuit closed position through the yokes 13a and 13b.

  However, in the state of FIG. 15A, the magnet 17 and the magnet 1502 have the same magnetic poles opposite to each other, and the magnet 17 and the magnet 1504 have the opposite magnetic poles different from each other. At the same time, an attractive force acts between the magnet 17 and the magnet 1504, and as a whole, a force acts to rotate the gear 1104 and the rotating yoke 28 'clockwise. That is, the magnetic force acting between the magnet 17 and the magnets 1502 and 1504 works to assist the gear 1102 in rotating the gear 1104. For this reason, the gear 1102 can rotate the gear 1104 with less force than when the magnet 1502 and the magnet 1504 are not provided.

In the embodiment described here, the rotary yoke 28 'is made such that the magnetic circuit 4' begins to open when the magnet 17 rotates more than 20 degrees from the state of FIG. 15A. (Note that this is only an example. See FIG. 15B.) Then, as described above, a strong repulsive force acts between the magnetic circuit 4 ′ and the magnet 17, and a rotational force is applied to the rotor 2. This force also acts to rotate the rotating yoke 28 'clockwise via gears 1102 and 1104. Further, since the magnet 1502 repels the magnetic flux of the opened magnetic circuit 4 ′, the repulsive force also acts to rotate the rotary yoke 28 ′ via the gear 1104. Accordingly, the rotation of the rotary yoke 28 'is further promoted.
Subsequently, when the magnet 17 and the magnet 18 and the like rotate 45 degrees from the position of FIG. 15A, the magnet 1502 and the magnet 1504 rotate 90 degrees, and the magnet 1504 comes just between the magnet 17 and the magnet 18 (FIG. 15C).

  The motor 1500 is configured such that when the magnets 17 and 18 rotate 60 degrees or more from the initial position, the magnetic circuit starts to close again (see FIG. 15D). At this time, since the magnet 1504 is located slightly close to the magnet 18 and the magnetic poles are slightly opposite each other, an attractive force acts between the magnet 1504 and the magnet 18 although it is weak. This is the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the yoke. However, the force that the magnetic circuit 4 ′ pulls the rotary yoke 28 ′ and closes the circuit works clockwise, and the attractive force that acts between the magnet 1502 and the magnet 18 also rotates in the direction that tries to rotate the gear 1104. work. Accordingly, even in the state shown in FIG. 15D, the force acts in the direction in which the rotary yoke is rotated clockwise as a whole.

  As in the embodiment described here, a magnet is provided on the periphery of the gear connected to the magnetic circuit switch, the angle formed by the arc of the arc-shaped magnet installed on the rotor, the rotor, the magnetic circuit switch, By appropriately determining the difference in rotational speed, the magnet provided on the gear and the magnet of the rotor are repelled and attracted in a timely manner, and the force required to open the switch can be reduced. Such a magnetic circuit open / close assist mechanism obtains a rotational force by opening and closing the magnetic circuit in accordance with the rotation of the magnet of the rotor, and prevents the basic operation of the motor according to the present invention as much as possible without disturbing the magnetic circuit. It has the advantage of reducing the force required for opening and closing.

  16A to 16C, still another embodiment of the magnetic circuit opening / closing auxiliary mechanism will be introduced. In FIGS. 16A to 16C, the same components as those in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. The magnetic circuit opening / closing assisting mechanism according to FIG. 16 has an elongated rod 1604 extending from the shaft to the left and right via a ratchet 1602 on the shaft of the rotary yoke 28, a magnet 1606 attached to one end of the rod 1604, and a balance therewith. In order to remove the magnet 1606, a non-magnetic weight 1608 attached to the other end of the rod 1604 and a pin 1610 for restricting the rotational movement of the magnet 1606 are provided. In addition, a pin 1612 for restricting the rotational movement of the weight 1608 may be provided. The left and right arms of the heel 1604 are slightly longer so as to extend out of the magnetic circuit 4. The ratchet 1602 transmits only a rotational force in one direction to the shaft of the rotary yoke 28. In FIG. 16, this direction is clockwise, and when the rod 1604 rotates counterclockwise, it rotates without transmitting any force to the shaft. The magnet 1606 is attached such that the magnetic pole faces the rotor magnet. The magnet 1606 may be small and need not be a strong magnet.

  Next, the operation of the magnetic circuit open / close assist mechanism (1602 to 1612) will be described. When the arc-shaped magnet of the rotor 2 is away from the magnet 1606, the magnet 1606 is stationary at a predetermined position close to the rotor 2 (FIG. 16A). When the magnet 17 of the rotor 2 approaches due to the rotation of the rotor 2, the magnet 1606 and the magnet 17 repel each other, and the repulsive force gives a rotational force to the rotary yoke 28 via the ratchet 1602 (FIG. 16B). For this reason, the opening / closing mechanism of the magnetic circuit 4 can open / close the magnetic circuit 4 with less force than when the opening / closing assist mechanism (1602 to 1612) introduced here is not provided. As the opening / closing mechanism of the magnetic circuit 4, any mechanism including the mechanism already disclosed in this specification may be used.

  The magnet 1606 rotating by the repulsive force with the magnet 17 collides with the pin 1610 and is bounced back, and returns a little by reaction (FIG. 16C). At this time, since the ratchet 1602 does not transmit the counterclockwise rotational force to the rotating yoke 28, this does not hinder the clockwise rotation of the rotating yoke 28. When the rotor 2 further rotates, the magnet 1606 attracts the opposite pole of the rotor magnet and returns to a predetermined position (FIG. 16A).

  In this way, the force required to open the switch can be reduced by repeating the repetitive motion of the switch and the ratchet in synchronization with the magnet of the approaching rotor. The mechanism for opening and rotating the opening / closing element may be any means including the mechanism already disclosed in the present specification, such as a method using a gear, a belt, and a pulley linked with the rotor. The number of magnets provided in the rotor is not limited.

  Although the present invention has been described in detail using examples, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in various ways without departing from the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that it can take the form.

It is the figure which represented typically the structure of the motor 100 which is an example of the motor according to this invention. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the motor 100. It is the figure which represented typically the structure of the motor 300 which is another Example of this invention. It is a plane perspective view of the motor 500 which concerns on another Example of this invention. It is A arrow directional view of FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the opening / closing mechanism of the magnetic circuits 3-6. It is a figure for demonstrating the example of the opening / closing assistance mechanism of the magnetic circuits 3-6. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the operation of a motor 500. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the operation of a motor 500. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a modified example of a motor 500. FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining another modified example of the motor 500. FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining still another modified example of the motor 500. FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining still another modified example of the motor 500. It is the figure on which the outline of the generator contained in this invention was drawn. It is a figure for demonstrating another Example of the opening / closing assistance mechanism of a magnetic circuit. It is a figure for demonstrating another Example of the switching assistance mechanism of a magnetic circuit.

Explanation of symbols

1 Frame 2 Rotor 3, 4, 5, 6 Magnetic circuit 7, 8, 9, 10 Switch 12, 13, 14, 15 Bar magnet 16, 17, 18, 19 Arc-shaped magnet 25 Pin holder 28 Yoke 29 Rod 30 Hook 30a Lever 31a Shaft 32 Flat plate 34, 35, 36, 37 Magnet 38 Pin-shaped contact portion 50 Opening / closing support frame 100 Motor 102 Rotor 104a, 104b Magnetic circuit 106 Rotating shaft 108a, 108b Arm portion 110a, 110b Permanent Magnet 112a, 112b Permanent magnet 114a, 114b Yoke 116a, 116b Yoke 118a, 118b Yoke 500 Motor

Claims (10)

A rotor comprising a first magnet arranged so that the magnetic poles face in the radial direction;
The first magnet is fixed adjacent to the circular path along which the rotor rotates, and the opposing magnetic poles are the same as each other when the first magnet comes close as the rotor rotates. A stator comprising a magnetic circuit formed by a second magnet and a yoke arranged to be
As the rotor rotates, the magnetic circuit is opened in conjunction with the approach of the first magnet to the magnetic circuit, and the magnetic in conjunction with the separation of the first magnet from the magnetic circuit. Opening and closing means for closing the circuit;
Equipped with,
The magnetic circuit includes: a first yoke bonded to one pole of the second magnet; a second yoke bonded to the other pole of the second magnet; the first yoke; A first yoke adjacent to both of the second yokes, and a third yoke rotatably provided between a second position spaced from one or both of the first and second yokes. Composed of
motor.   2. The rotor according to claim 1, wherein the rotor has a plurality of radially extending arm portions, and the first magnet is disposed on each of the arm portions so that the same magnetic pole is directed in the radial direction. The motor described.   The rotor is a disk-shaped member that can rotate around a central axis, and a plurality of the first magnets are arranged on the periphery of the disk member so as to face the same magnetic pole in the radial direction. The motor according to claim 1.   The rotor is an annular member that can rotate around a central axis, and a plurality of the first magnets are respectively arranged in the annular portion of the annular member so as to face the same magnetic pole in the radial direction. The motor according to claim 1, which is provided.   The motor according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic circuit is fixed adjacent to the inside of the circular path.   The motor according to claim 1, wherein the first magnet has an arc shape.   The motor according to claim 1, wherein the opening / closing means rotates the third yoke by using any one or more of a gear, a cam, a belt, and an electric actuator. A rotor comprising a magnetic circuit formed by a second magnet and a yoke arranged so that the magnetic poles face in the radial direction;
The magnetic circuit is fixed adjacent to a circular path along which the rotor rotates, and the opposing magnetic poles become the same polarity when the second magnet comes close as the rotor rotates. A stator comprising a first magnet disposed on
As the rotor rotates, the magnetic circuit opens as the magnetic circuit approaches the first magnet, and the magnetic circuit moves away from the first magnet as the magnetic circuit moves away from the first magnet. Opening and closing means for closing the circuit;
Equipped with,
The magnetic circuit includes: a first yoke bonded to one pole of the second magnet; a second yoke bonded to the other pole of the second magnet; the first yoke; A first yoke adjacent to both of the second yokes, and a third yoke rotatably provided between a second position spaced from one or both of the first and second yokes. Composed of
motor. Motor constituted by stacking a plurality of the motor according to any one of claims 1 to 8. The generator comprised using the motor in any one of Claim 1 to 9 .