JP3979118B2 - HEAT EXCHANGER, HEAT EXCHANGER MANUFACTURING METHOD, AND AIR CONDITIONER - Google Patents

HEAT EXCHANGER, HEAT EXCHANGER MANUFACTURING METHOD, AND AIR CONDITIONER Download PDF

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JP3979118B2
JP3979118B2 JP2002042860A JP2002042860A JP3979118B2 JP 3979118 B2 JP3979118 B2 JP 3979118B2 JP 2002042860 A JP2002042860 A JP 2002042860A JP 2002042860 A JP2002042860 A JP 2002042860A JP 3979118 B2 JP3979118 B2 JP 3979118B2
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heat exchanger
plate
fin
heat transfer
tube
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JP2003240472A (en
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繁治 平良
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Daikin Industries Ltd
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Daikin Industries Ltd
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Priority to JP2002042860A priority Critical patent/JP3979118B2/en
Priority to AU2003207046A priority patent/AU2003207046A1/en
Priority to PCT/JP2003/001396 priority patent/WO2003071216A1/en
Priority to CNA03804028XA priority patent/CN1633578A/en
Priority to EP03703315A priority patent/EP1486748A4/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/0408—Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids
    • F28D1/0417—Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids with particular circuits for the same heat exchange medium, e.g. with the heat exchange medium flowing through sections having different heat exchange capacities or for heating/cooling the heat exchange medium at different temperatures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/047—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F28D1/0477—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag the conduits being bent in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • F28F1/32—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • F28F13/08—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by varying the cross-section of the flow channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2215/00—Fins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2215/00—Fins
    • F28F2215/04—Assemblies of fins having different features, e.g. with different fin densities

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Air Filters, Heat-Exchange Apparatuses, And Housings Of Air-Conditioning Units (AREA)

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、熱交換器、熱交換器の製造方法及び空気調和機に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来の熱交換器の一つとして、クロスフィン型の熱交換器がある。クロスフィン型の熱交換器は、空気調和機の室内機や室外機によく用いられており、その一例として、図１に示す空気調和機の室外機に配置されたＬ字形状の熱交換器５１がある。
【０００３】
熱交換器５１は、プロペラファン６１によって、室外機のケーシング６２の背面側から前面側に向かって送風される空気流（矢印Ａ0及びＢ0参照）と熱交換して、伝熱管の管内側を流通する冷媒を蒸発又は凝縮するために用いられている。
【０００４】
熱交換器５１は、板厚方向に所定の間隔を空けて配置された複数のプレートフィン５２と、複数のプレートフィン５２を板厚方向に貫通して装着された複数の伝熱管５３とを備えている。プレートフィン５２は、図１及び図２に示すように、通常、フィン幅Ｗ0が一定の長方形状の薄板であり、その長手方向に沿って複数の伝熱管５３が貫通するための複数の孔５２ａが設けられている。複数の伝熱管５３は一端にヘアピン形状のヘアピン部５３ａを有しており、熱交換器５１では合計１２本の伝熱管５３が配置されている。また、伝熱管５３のヘアピン部５３ａの反対側の管端部は、Ｕ字管５４によって、隣り合う伝熱管５３の管端部に接続されている。
【０００５】
次に、熱交換器５１の製造方法について説明する。熱交換器５１の製造工程は、複数のプレートフィン５２を製造するためのフィン製造工程と、複数の伝熱管５３をプレートフィン５２の板厚方向に貫通して装着して熱交換器を組み立てる組み立て工程とを備えている。
【０００６】
従来のプレートフィン５２を製造するためのフィン製造工程は、薄板からなる板状素材を一方向に送り、金型を用いて所定のフィン形状に型取りして製造する。詳細には、フィン製造工程は、図３に示すように、一方向（矢印Ｅ0方向）に送られる板状素材Ｘ0から長方形状のプレートフィン５２を製造するために、各プレートフィン５２の型取り方式として、Ｅ0方向（板状素材Ｘ0の長手方向）にプレートフィン５２の長辺をとり、Ｅ0方向に直交する方向（板状素材Ｘ0の幅方向）にプレートフィン５２の短辺をとる方式（以下、縦送り方式とする）を採用している。そして、Ｅ0方向に送りながら、板状素材Ｘ0にバーリング加工工程、ミシン目加工工程、サイドカット加工工程及びカットオフ加工工程を順に行い、複数のプレートフィン５２を製造する。
【０００７】
バーリング加工工程は、板状素材Ｘ0に伝熱管が貫通する複数の貫通孔５２ａを段階的に型取りする工程である。ミシン目加工工程は、板状素材Ｘ0のプレートフィン５２の短辺寸法（フィン幅Ｗ0）に対応する位置にミシン目５９を入れる工程である。サイドカット加工工程は、ミシン目５５の位置で板状素材Ｘ0を切断する工程である。カットオフ加工工程は、サイドカット加工工程において切断された部分の長さがプレートフィン５２の長辺寸法に達した後に、板状素材Ｘ0をＥ0方向に直交する方向で切断し、所定の長辺及び短辺寸法（フィン幅Ｗ0）を有する複数のプレートフィン５２を製造する工程である。
【０００８】
次に、熱交換器５１の動作について、図１を用いて説明する。熱交換器５１は、空気調和機の室内機（図示せず）が冷房運転する場合には冷媒の凝縮器として機能し、空気調和機の室内機（図示せず）が暖房運転する場合には冷媒の蒸発器として機能する。熱交換器５１が凝縮器として機能する場合には、気体状態の冷媒が管端部Ｃ0から伝熱管５３の管内に流入して伝熱管５３内を流通し、伝熱管５３の管外側を流れる空気と熱交換して凝縮し、液体状態の冷媒となって管端部Ｄ0から流出する。逆に、熱交換器５１が蒸発器として機能する場合には、液体状態の冷媒が管端部Ｄ0から伝熱管５３の管内に流入して伝熱管５３内を流通し、伝熱管５３の管外側を流れる空気と熱交換して蒸発し、気体状態の冷媒となって管端部Ｃ0から流出する。
【０００９】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記のように、熱交換器が凝縮器又は蒸発器として機能する場合のいずれにおいても、熱交換器の伝熱管の管内側には、冷媒が気体として流通する部分（ガス側）と、冷媒が液体として流通する部分（液側）とが形成されている。ここで、熱交換器の伝熱管の管径は、熱交換器の圧力損失を抑えるために、ガス側部分の冷媒の流速を基準として、ガス側から液側にわたる伝熱管の全てがガス側に適した管径となるように設計されている。このため、伝熱管の管径は、液側に対して大きな管径となっている。また、熱交換器の管内の熱伝達の観点からすると、伝熱管の管径が小さい方が望ましい。よって、熱交換器の圧力損失の観点と伝熱管の管内の熱伝達の観点とを考慮すると、熱交換器の液側の伝熱管の管径をガス側の伝熱管の管径よりも小さくするのが望ましい。
【００１０】
一方、従来の熱交換器において、伝熱管の管径とプレートフィンのフィン幅とは、管外の熱伝達を考慮して最適な寸法比になるように設計されている。従って、従来の熱交換器において、液側の伝熱管の管径をガス側の管径よりも小さくするだけでは、プレートフィンのフィン幅が長手方向にわたって一定であるために、伝熱管の管径とプレートフィンのフィン幅との関係が最適な寸法比でなくなってしまい、管外の熱伝達率が低下するおそれがある。このため、熱交換器の液側の伝熱管の管径をガス側の伝熱管の管径よりも小さくするとともに、管外の熱伝達率の低下を抑えて熱交換器全体の熱伝達効率を向上させることが望まれる。
【００１１】
さらに、上記のような液側の伝熱管の管径をガス側の管径よりも小さくした熱交換器を製作しようとすると、プレートフィンに伝熱管の管径に応じて異なる孔径の貫通孔をプレートフィンの長辺方向に沿って型取りしなければならない。しかし、従来のプレートフィンの製造方法は縦送り方式を採用しているため、プレートフィンの長辺方向に沿って異なる孔径の貫通孔を型取りすることが難しい。
【００１２】
本発明の課題は、熱交換器の液側の伝熱管の管径をガス側の伝熱管の管径よりも小さくするとともに管外の熱伝達率の低下を抑えて熱伝達効率を向上させた熱交換器を提供すること、及び、それに適する熱交換器の製造方法を提供することにある。
【００１３】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項１に記載の熱交換器は、板厚方向に所定の間隔を空け、かつ、フィン幅方向に空気を通過させるように配置された複数のプレートフィンと、複数のプレートフィンを板厚方向に貫通して装着された複数の伝熱管とを備えている。プレートフィンは、一方から他方に向かって連続的又は段階的にフィン幅が小さくなる形状を有している。複数の伝熱管は、２種類以上の異径管からなるものである。そして、プレートフィンのフィン幅の大きい部分には大径の伝熱管が配置され、フィン幅の小さい部分には前記大径の伝熱管よりも小径の伝熱管が配置されている。
【００１４】
この熱交換器では、プレートフィンのフィン幅が一方から他方に向かって連続的又は段階的に小さくなる形状を有しており、プレートフィンのフィン幅の大きい部分には大径の伝熱管が配置されフィン幅の小さい部分には小径の伝熱管が配置されているため、伝熱管の管径とプレートフィンのフィン幅との寸法比をできるだけに一定に保つことができる。これにより、熱交換器の液側の伝熱管の管径をガス側の伝熱管の管径よりも小さくしつつ、管外の熱伝達率の低下を抑えて熱交換器全体の熱伝達効率を向上させることができる。
【００１５】
請求項２に記載の熱交換器は、請求項１において、プレートフィンのフィン幅の大きい部分に対するフィン幅の小さい部分との比は、０．２５以上、０．６７以下の範囲である。
【００１６】
この熱交換器では、プレートフィンのフィン幅の大きい部分に対するフィン幅の小さい部分との比が０．２５以上、０．６７以下の範囲であるため、管外の熱伝達率の低下を抑えて熱交換器全体の熱伝達効率を向上させる効果がさらに顕著なものとなる。
【００１７】
請求項３に記載の熱交換器は、請求項１又は２において、型取りの際に、プレートフィンは複数のプレートフィンをプレートフィンのフィン幅方向に並べると、プレートフィン同士がフィン幅方向に互いに重なり合うことなく、かつ、フィン幅方向に隙間を空けることなく並べることができる形状を有している。
【００１８】
この熱交換器では、板状素材からプレートフィンを型取りして製造する際に板状素材の材料ロスを少なくすることができる。
【００１９】
請求項４に記載の熱交換器は、請求項３において、プレートフィンは、隣り合うプレートフィンを１８０度回転させて並べることによって、プレートフィン同士がフィン幅方向に互いに重なり合うことなく、かつ、フィン幅方向に隙間を空けることなく並べることができる形状を有している。
【００２０】
請求項５に記載の熱交換器の製造方法は、請求項３又は４に記載の熱交換器の製造方法であって、以下の工程を備えている。
【００２１】
板状素材を一方向に送り、板状素材の送り方向にプレートフィンのフィン幅をとりつつ、プレートフィンの型取り方向を板状素材の送り方向に直交する方向として順次型取りして、プレートフィンを製造するフィン製造工程。
【００２２】
複数の伝熱管をプレートフィンの板厚方向に貫通させて装着して、熱交換器を組み立てる組み立て工程。
【００２３】
この熱交換器の製造方法では、プレートフィンの型取り方向を板状素材の送り方向に直交する方向として順次型取りして製造するため（以下、横送り方式とする）、型取りのための金型の形状をプレートフィンの形状に適合するものを使用することが可能である。これにより、一方から他方に向かって異なる孔径の貫通孔を形成させつつ、フィン幅が連続的又は段階的に小さくなるようなフィン形状を型取りすることができる。
【００２４】
請求項６に記載の空気調和機は、請求項１〜４のいずれかの熱交換器を備えている。
【００２５】
この空気調和機では、熱交換器の熱伝達効率が向上しているため、空気調和機全体の空調性能を向上させることができる。
【００２６】
【発明の実施の形態】
［第１実施形態］
以下、本発明の第１実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。
【００２７】
（１）熱交換器の構造
本発明の第１実施形態の熱交換器１を採用した空気調和機の室外機を示す概略斜視図を図４に示す。熱交換器１は、Ｌ字形状であり、プロペラファン１１によって、室外機のケーシング１２の背面側から前面側に向かって送風される空気流（矢印Ａ1及びＢ1参照）と熱交換して、伝熱管の管内側を流通する冷媒を蒸発又は凝縮するために用いられている。
【００２８】
熱交換器１は、板厚方向に所定の間隔を空けて配置された複数のプレートフィン２と、複数のプレートフィン２を板厚方向に貫通して装着された複数の伝熱管３とを備えている。プレートフィン２は、図４及び図５に示すように、フィン幅が一方から他方に向かって（具体的には、室外機の上方から下方に向かって）連続的にフィン幅がＷ1からＷ2に小さくなる形状を有している。また、プレートフィン２には、複数の伝熱管３が貫通する複数の貫通孔が設けられている。複数の貫通孔は２種類以上の異径孔からなり、フィン幅の大きい部分には大径の貫通孔が配置され、フィン幅の小さい部分には小径の貫通孔が配置されている。本実施形態では、複数の貫通孔は、３種類の異径孔２ａ、２ｂ、２ｃから構成されている。異径孔２ａは、プレートフィン２の上端部（Ｗ1側）から下方に向かって配置された８つの孔である。異径孔２ｂは、異径孔２ａよりも小径の８つの孔であり、異径孔２ａの下方に配置されている。異径孔２ｃは、異径孔２ｂよりも小径の８つの孔であり、最も下端部側（Ｗ2側）に配置されている。
【００２９】
複数の伝熱管３は、２種類以上の異径管からなり、熱交換器１の上部には大径の伝熱管が配置され、熱交換器１の下部には小径の伝熱管が配置されている。本実施形態では、複数の異径管は、３種類の異径管１３、１４、１５から構成されている。異径管１３、１４、１５は、その一端にヘアピン形状のヘアピン部１３ａ、１４ａ、１５ａをそれぞれ有している。各異径管１３、１４、１５は、プレートフィン２に形成された異径孔２ａ、２ｂ、２ｃにそれぞれ対応するように、４本づつ配置されている。すなわち、異径管１３は最も大径の管径を有し、異径管１４は異径管１３の管径よりも小径であり、異径管１５は異径管１４の管径よりも小径である。異径管１３のヘアピン部１３ａの反対側の管端部は、Ｕ字管４によって隣り合う異径管１３の管端部に接続されている。また、異径管１４の管端部に隣り合う異径管１３の管端部は、Ｕ字管５によって異径管１４の管端部に接続されている。ここで、Ｕ字管５は、異径管１３に対応する管径を有するＵ字管の一端に異径管１４の管径に対応させるためのレジューサを備えたものである。異径管１４の管端部は、Ｕ字管６によって隣り合う異径管１４の管端部に接続されている。異径管１５の管端部に隣り合う異径管１４の反ヘアピン部１４ａ側の管端部は、Ｕ字管５と同様、レジューサを備えたＵ字管７によって異径管１５の管端部に接続されている。異径管１５の管端部は、Ｕ字管８によって隣り合う異径管１５の管端部に接続されている。
【００３０】
これにより、熱交換器１は、プレートフィン２のフィン幅が上部から下部に向かって小さくなる形状を有し、それに対応するように、異径管１３、１４、１５からなる複数の伝熱管３の管径が配置されている。
【００３１】
次に、プレートフィン２のフィン幅の寸法の具体例について説明する。フィン幅Ｗ1（フィン幅の大きい部分）及びフィン幅Ｗ2（フィン幅の小さい部分）は、使用される複数の伝熱管３の管径に応じて設定されている。例えば、フィン幅Ｗ1は１２ｍｍから３０ｍｍのものが採用されており、フィン幅Ｗ2は３ｍｍから２０ｍｍのものが採用されている。すなわち、フィン幅Ｗ1に対するフィン幅Ｗ2の比（Ｗ2／Ｗ1）は、０．２５から０．６７の寸法範囲である。
【００３２】
（２）熱交換器の製造
次に、熱交換器１の製造方法について説明する。熱交換器１の製造工程は、複数のプレートフィン２を製造するためのフィン製造工程と、異径管１３、１４、１５からなる複数の伝熱管３をプレートフィン２の板厚方向に貫通して装着して熱交換器１を組み立てる組み立て工程とを備えている。
【００３３】
プレートフィン２を製造するためのフィン製造工程は、薄板からなる板状素材を一方向に送り、プレス金型を用いて所定のフィン形状に型取りして製造する。詳細には、フィン製造工程は、図６に示すように、一方向（Ｅ1方向）に送られる板状素材Ｘ1からプレートフィン２を製造するために、各プレートフィン２の型取り方式として、Ｅ1方向に直交する方向（板状素材Ｘ1の幅方向）にプレートフィン２の長辺をとり、Ｅ1方向（板状素材Ｘ1の長手方向）にプレートフィン２の短辺（フィン幅Ｗ1及びＷ2）をとる横送り方式を採用している。そして、板状素材Ｘ1をＥ1方向に送りながら、板状素材Ｘ1にバーリング加工工程、ミシン目加工工程、サイドカット加工工程及びカットオフ加工工程を順に行い、複数のプレートフィン２を製造する。
【００３４】
バーリング加工工程は、板状素材Ｘ1に伝熱管が貫通する異径孔２ａ、２ｂ、２ｃを型取りする工程である。具体的には、図５に示される形状のプレートフィン２をフィン幅方向に隙間なく並ぶように型取りする。具体的には、隣り合うプレートフィン２を１８０度回転させた配置にしている。ここで、バーリング加工のための金型は、プレートフィン２を複数枚づつ（本実施形態では、２枚づつ）型取りするものを採用している。
【００３５】
ミシン目加工工程は、板状素材Ｘ1のプレートフィン２のフィン形状に対応する位置にミシン目９を入れる工程である。
【００３６】
サイドカット加工工程は、ミシン目９のうちフィン長手方向の端部に対応する位置で板状素材Ｘ1を切断する。
【００３７】
カットオフ加工工程は、プレートフィン２の幅方向の端部となる部分を板状素材Ｘ1をその送り方向に交差する方向で切断し、所定のフィン形状を有する複数のプレートフィン２を製造する工程である。
【００３８】
その後、組み立て工程において、異径管１３、１４、１５からなる複数の伝熱管３を複数のプレートフィン２の板厚方向に貫通して装着し、伝熱管３の各管端部同士をＵ字管によって接続して熱交換器１を組み立てる。
【００３９】
（３）熱交換器の動作
次に、熱交換器１の動作について、図４を用いて説明する。熱交換器１は、空気調和機の室内機（図示せず）が冷房運転する場合には冷媒の凝縮器として機能し、空気調和機の室内機（図示せず）が暖房運転する場合には冷媒の蒸発器として機能する。熱交換器１が凝縮器として機能する場合には、冷媒ガスが管端部Ｃ1から伝熱管３の管内に流入して伝熱管３内を流通し、伝熱管３の管外側を流れる空気と熱交換して凝縮し、冷媒液となって管端部Ｄ1から流出する。逆に、熱交換器１が蒸発器として機能する場合には、冷媒液が管端部Ｄ1から伝熱管３の管内に流入して伝熱管３内を流通し、伝熱管３の管外側を流れる空気と熱交換して蒸発し、冷媒ガスとなって管端部Ｃ1から流出する。
【００４０】
（４）熱交換器及び製造方法の特徴
本実施形態の熱交換器及び製造方法には、以下のような特徴がある。
【００４１】
（Ａ）熱伝達効率の向上
本実施形態の熱交換器１では、プレートフィン２のフィン幅が一方から他方に向かって連続的に小さくなる形状を有しており、プレートフィン２のフィン幅の大きい部分には大径の伝熱管１３が配置されフィン幅の小さい部分には小径の伝熱管１５が配置されているため、異径管１３、１４、１５からなる伝熱管３の管径とプレートフィン２のフィン幅との寸法関係をできるだけ最適に保つことができる。これにより、熱交換器１の液側の伝熱管１５の管径をガス側の伝熱管１３の管径よりも小さくしつつ、管外の熱伝達率の低下を抑えて熱交換器全体の熱伝達効率を向上させることができる。また、このような熱交換器を備えた空気調和機では、空調性能が向上する。
【００４２】
（Ｂ）伝熱管の管外側の圧力損失の低減
本実施形態の熱交換器１では、図５に示すように、プレートフィン２のガス側のフィン幅Ｗ1は従来の熱交換器５１のフィン幅Ｗ0と同じであるか若しくは少し大きいものであるが（具体的には、フィン幅Ｗ0は１０ｍｍから３０ｍｍの寸法範囲である）、液側のフィン幅Ｗ2は従来の熱交換器５１よりも小さくなっている。これにより、熱交換器１の管外側の圧力損失を従来よりも低減することができる。
【００４３】
（Ｃ）横送り方式を採用したプレートフィンの製造方法
本実施形態の熱交換器１の製造方法では、プレートフィン２の製造において、プレートフィン２の型取り方向を板状素材Ｘ1の送り方向に直交する方向として順次型取りして製造する横送り方式を採用している。このため、型取りのための金型の形状をプレートフィン２の形状に適合するものを使用することができる。これにより、プレートフィン２の形状を一方から他方に向かって異なる孔径の貫通孔を形成させつつ、フィン幅が連続的に小さくしたフィン形状にすることができる。
また、プレートフィン２が複数のプレートフィン２をプレートフィン２のフィン幅方向に並べる際に、プレートフィン２同士がフィン幅方向に互いに重なり合うことなく、かつ、フィン幅方向に隙間を空けることなく並べることができる形状を有しているので、板状素材Ｘ1の材料ロスを少なくすることができる。プレートフィン２の型取りを複数枚ずつ行っているため、生産性も向上している。
【００４４】
［第２実施形態］
第１実施形態では、図５に示すようにプレートフィン２のフィン幅を連続的に変化させているが、図７に示すプレートフィン２２のように、一方から他方に向かって段階的にフィン幅がＷ1からＷ2まで小さくなるような形状にしてもよい。この場合においても、第１実施形態と同様な効果が得られる。
【００４５】
［第３実施形態］
第１及び第２実施形態では、図５及び図７に示すようにプレートフィン２が幅方向の中心に対して対称な形状であるが、図８に示すプレートフィン３２のように、２つのプレートフィンをフィン幅方向に並べた際に長方形をなす形状にしてもよい。この場合においては、第１及び第２実施形態よりもさらに板状素材の材料ロスを少なくすることができる。
【００４６】
［他の実施形態］
以上、本発明の実施形態について図面に基づいて説明したが、具体的な構成は、これらの実施形態に限られるものではなく、発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で変更可能である。
【００４７】
例えば、熱交換器における伝熱管の本数や異径管の種類は、前記３つの実施形態に限定されない。
【００４８】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明に述べたように、本発明によれば、以下の効果が得られる。
【００４９】
請求項１及び２にかかる発明では、熱交換器の液側の伝熱管の管径をガス側の伝熱管の管径よりも小さくしつつ、管外の熱伝達率の低下を抑えて熱交換器全体の熱伝達効率を向上させることができる。
【００５０】
請求項３及び４にかかる発明では、板状素材からプレートフィンを型取りして製造する際に板状素材の材料ロスを少なくすることができる。
【００５１】
請求項５にかかる発明では、一方から他方に向かって異なる孔径の貫通孔を形成させつつ、フィン幅が連続的又は段階的に小さくなるようなフィン形状のプレートフィンを製造することができる。
【００５２】
請求項６にかかる発明では、熱交換器の熱伝達効率が向上しているため、空気調和機全体の空調性能を向上させることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 従来の熱交換器を採用した空気調和機の室外機を示す概略斜視図。
【図２】 従来の熱交換器のプレートフィンを板厚方向から見た図。
【図３】 従来の熱交換器のプレートフィンの製造工程を示す図。
【図４】 本発明の第１実施形態の熱交換器を採用した空気調和機の室外機を示す概略斜視図。
【図５】 本発明の第１実施形態の熱交換器のプレートフィンを板厚方向から見た図。
【図６】 本発明の第１実施形態の熱交換器のプレートフィンの製造工程を示す図。
【図７】 本発明の第２実施形態の熱交換器のプレートフィンを板厚方向から見た図。
【図８】 本発明の第３実施形態の熱交換器のプレートフィンを板厚方向から見た図。
【符号の説明】
１ 熱交換器
２、２２、３２ プレートフィン
３ 伝熱管
１３、１４、１５ 異径管
Ｘ1 板状素材
Ｗ1 フィン幅
Ｗ2 フィン幅[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a heat exchanger, a heat exchanger manufacturing method, and an air conditioner.
[0002]
[Prior art]
One conventional heat exchanger is a cross fin type heat exchanger. A cross fin type heat exchanger is often used for an indoor unit or an outdoor unit of an air conditioner. As an example, an L-shaped heat exchanger disposed in the outdoor unit of the air conditioner shown in FIG. There are 51.
[0003]
The heat exchanger 51 exchanges heat with an air flow (see arrows A 0 and B 0 ) blown from the back side of the casing 62 of the outdoor unit toward the front side by the propeller fan 61, so that the inside of the heat transfer pipe is inside. It is used to evaporate or condense the refrigerant that flows through.
[0004]
The heat exchanger 51 includes a plurality of plate fins 52 disposed at a predetermined interval in the plate thickness direction, and a plurality of heat transfer tubes 53 that are attached through the plurality of plate fins 52 in the plate thickness direction. ing. Plate fin 52, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, normally, the fin width W 0 is a constant rectangular thin plate, a plurality of holes for the plurality of heat transfer tubes 53 along its longitudinal direction through 52a is provided. The plurality of heat transfer tubes 53 have a hairpin-shaped hairpin portion 53 a at one end, and a total of twelve heat transfer tubes 53 are arranged in the heat exchanger 51. In addition, the tube end portion of the heat transfer tube 53 opposite to the hairpin portion 53 a is connected to the tube end portion of the adjacent heat transfer tube 53 by a U-shaped tube 54.
[0005]
Next, a method for manufacturing the heat exchanger 51 will be described. The manufacturing process of the heat exchanger 51 includes a fin manufacturing process for manufacturing a plurality of plate fins 52, and an assembly in which a plurality of heat transfer tubes 53 are attached in the plate thickness direction of the plate fins 52 to assemble the heat exchanger. Process.
[0006]
In the fin manufacturing process for manufacturing the conventional plate fin 52, a plate-shaped material made of a thin plate is fed in one direction, and is molded into a predetermined fin shape using a mold. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, in the fin manufacturing process, in order to manufacture the rectangular plate fins 52 from the plate-shaped material X 0 fed in one direction (arrow E 0 direction) as templating method, E 0 direction (the plate material X 0 lengthwise direction) takes the long side of the plate fin 52, a direction perpendicular to the E 0 direction of the plate fin 52 (plate material width direction of X 0) A system that takes a short side (hereinafter referred to as a vertical feed system) is adopted. A plurality of plate fins 52 are manufactured by sequentially performing a burring process, a perforation process, a side cut process, and a cut-off process on the plate-like material X 0 while feeding in the E 0 direction.
[0007]
Burring step is a step of stepwise templating a plurality of through holes 52a which heat transfer tubes penetrate the plate material X 0. The perforation processing step is a step in which a perforation 59 is formed at a position corresponding to the short side dimension (fin width W 0 ) of the plate fin 52 of the plate-like material X 0 . The side cut processing step is a step of cutting the plate material X 0 at the position of the perforation 55. Cutoff processing step, the length of the cut portions in side-cutting process after reaching the long side dimension of the plate fin 52, was cut in a direction orthogonal to plate material X 0 to E 0 direction, predetermined This is a step of manufacturing a plurality of plate fins 52 having long side and short side dimensions (fin width W 0 ).
[0008]
Next, the operation of the heat exchanger 51 will be described with reference to FIG. The heat exchanger 51 functions as a refrigerant condenser when an air conditioner indoor unit (not shown) performs a cooling operation, and when the air conditioner indoor unit (not shown) performs a heating operation. It functions as a refrigerant evaporator. When the heat exchanger 51 functions as a condenser, gaseous refrigerant flows into the tube end C 0 in the tube of the heat transfer tube 53 flows through the heat transfer tube 53, flows through the tube outside of the heat transfer tube 53 Heat is exchanged with air to condense, and it becomes a liquid refrigerant and flows out from the tube end D 0 . Conversely, when the heat exchanger 51 functions as an evaporator, liquid refrigerant flows from the tube end D 0 into the heat transfer tube 53 and flows through the heat transfer tube 53, and the tube of the heat transfer tube 53. It exchanges heat with the air flowing outside and evaporates to become a gaseous refrigerant and flows out from the tube end C 0 .
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, in any case where the heat exchanger functions as a condenser or an evaporator, a portion (gas side) through which the refrigerant circulates as a gas is disposed inside the heat transfer tube of the heat exchanger, and the refrigerant is A portion (liquid side) that circulates as a liquid is formed. Here, the diameter of the heat exchanger tube of the heat exchanger is such that all of the heat exchanger tubes from the gas side to the liquid side are on the gas side with reference to the refrigerant flow rate in the gas side part in order to suppress the pressure loss of the heat exchanger. Designed to have a suitable pipe diameter. For this reason, the tube diameter of the heat transfer tube is larger than the liquid side. From the viewpoint of heat transfer in the heat exchanger tube, it is desirable that the heat transfer tube has a smaller diameter. Therefore, considering the viewpoint of pressure loss of the heat exchanger and the viewpoint of heat transfer in the heat transfer tube, the diameter of the heat transfer tube on the liquid side of the heat exchanger is made smaller than the diameter of the heat transfer tube on the gas side. Is desirable.
[0010]
On the other hand, in the conventional heat exchanger, the tube diameter of the heat transfer tube and the fin width of the plate fin are designed to have an optimum dimensional ratio in consideration of heat transfer outside the tube. Accordingly, in the conventional heat exchanger, simply by making the tube diameter of the liquid side heat transfer tube smaller than that of the gas side, the fin width of the plate fin is constant over the longitudinal direction. And the fin width of the plate fins is not at an optimal dimensional ratio, and the heat transfer coefficient outside the tube may be reduced. For this reason, the tube diameter of the heat transfer tube on the liquid side of the heat exchanger is made smaller than the tube diameter of the heat transfer tube on the gas side, and the heat transfer efficiency of the entire heat exchanger is reduced by suppressing the decrease in the heat transfer coefficient outside the tube. It is desired to improve.
[0011]
Furthermore, if an attempt is made to produce a heat exchanger in which the tube diameter of the liquid side heat transfer tube is smaller than the gas side tube diameter, through holes with different hole diameters are formed in the plate fins depending on the tube diameter of the heat transfer tube. The mold must be taken along the long side of the plate fin. However, since the conventional plate fin manufacturing method employs a longitudinal feed method, it is difficult to mold through holes having different hole diameters along the long side direction of the plate fin.
[0012]
An object of the present invention is to improve the heat transfer efficiency by making the tube diameter of the heat transfer tube on the liquid side of the heat exchanger smaller than the tube diameter of the heat transfer tube on the gas side and suppressing a decrease in the heat transfer coefficient outside the tube. It is to provide a heat exchanger and to provide a heat exchanger manufacturing method suitable for the heat exchanger.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of plate fins arranged at predetermined intervals in the plate thickness direction and air to pass in the fin width direction and the plurality of plate fins in the plate thickness direction And a plurality of heat transfer tubes that are mounted to pass through. The plate fin has a shape in which the fin width decreases continuously or stepwise from one to the other. The plurality of heat transfer tubes are composed of two or more types of different diameter tubes. Then, a large portion of the fin width of the plate fins is arranged large-diameter heat transfer tubes, the small diameter of the heat transfer tube than the heat transfer tubes of larger diameter is arranged in the lower portion of fin width.
[0014]
In this heat exchanger, the fin width of the plate fin has a shape that decreases continuously or stepwise from one to the other, and a large-diameter heat transfer tube is arranged in a portion where the fin width of the plate fin is large. Since the small-diameter heat transfer tube is disposed in the portion having the small fin width, the dimensional ratio between the tube diameter of the heat transfer tube and the fin width of the plate fin can be kept as constant as possible. As a result, the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger as a whole can be reduced by suppressing the decrease in the heat transfer coefficient outside the tube while making the tube diameter of the heat transfer tube on the liquid side of the heat exchanger smaller than the tube diameter of the heat transfer tube on the gas side. Can be improved.
[0015]
A heat exchanger according to a second aspect is the heat exchanger according to the first aspect, wherein the ratio of the plate fin having a large fin width to the portion having a small fin width is in a range of 0.25 or more and 0.67 or less.
[0016]
In this heat exchanger, the ratio of the fins with a small fin width to the fins with a small fin width is in the range of 0.25 or more and 0.67 or less. The effect of improving the heat transfer efficiency of the entire heat exchanger becomes even more remarkable.
[0017]
A heat exchanger according to a third aspect is the heat exchanger according to the first or second aspect, wherein the plate fins are arranged in the fin width direction when a plurality of plate fins are arranged in the fin width direction of the plate fins at the time of molding. It has a shape that can be arranged without overlapping each other and without leaving a gap in the fin width direction.
[0018]
In this heat exchanger, it is possible to reduce the material loss of the plate-shaped material when the plate fin is manufactured from the plate-shaped material.
[0019]
A heat exchanger according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the heat exchanger according to the third aspect, wherein the plate fins are arranged by rotating adjacent plate fins 180 degrees so that the plate fins do not overlap each other in the fin width direction. It has a shape that can be arranged without leaving a gap in the width direction.
[0020]
The manufacturing method of the heat exchanger of Claim 5 is a manufacturing method of the heat exchanger of Claim 3 or 4, Comprising: The following processes are provided.
[0021]
The plate material is fed in one direction, the plate fin width is taken in the plate material feed direction, and the plate fin molding direction is taken as the direction perpendicular to the plate material feed direction, and then the plate is taken. Fin manufacturing process for manufacturing fins.
[0022]
An assembly process in which a plurality of heat transfer tubes are inserted through the plate fins in the plate thickness direction to assemble the heat exchanger.
[0023]
In this heat exchanger manufacturing method, the plate fins are made by sequentially taking the plate fins in the direction orthogonal to the feed direction of the plate material (hereinafter referred to as a transverse feed method). It is possible to use a mold that matches the shape of the plate fin. Thereby, it is possible to mold a fin shape in which the fin width decreases continuously or stepwise while forming through holes having different hole diameters from one to the other.
[0024]
The air conditioner of Claim 6 is provided with the heat exchanger in any one of Claims 1-4.
[0025]
In this air conditioner, since the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger is improved, the air conditioning performance of the entire air conditioner can be improved.
[0026]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[First Embodiment]
DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0027]
(1) Structure of heat exchanger FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing an outdoor unit of an air conditioner that employs the heat exchanger 1 of the first embodiment of the present invention. The heat exchanger 1 is L-shaped and exchanges heat with an air flow (see arrows A 1 and B 1 ) blown from the rear side of the casing 12 of the outdoor unit toward the front side by the propeller fan 11. It is used to evaporate or condense the refrigerant flowing inside the heat transfer tube.
[0028]
The heat exchanger 1 includes a plurality of plate fins 2 arranged at a predetermined interval in the plate thickness direction, and a plurality of heat transfer tubes 3 attached through the plurality of plate fins 2 in the plate thickness direction. ing. Plate fin 2, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 (specifically, from the top of the outdoor unit downward) toward the fin width is one to the other continuously W fin width from W 1 It has a shape that decreases to 2 . The plate fin 2 is provided with a plurality of through holes through which the plurality of heat transfer tubes 3 penetrate. The plurality of through holes are composed of two or more types of different diameter holes. A large diameter through hole is disposed in a portion having a large fin width, and a small diameter through hole is disposed in a portion having a small fin width. In the present embodiment, the plurality of through holes are composed of three types of different diameter holes 2a, 2b, and 2c. The different diameter holes 2 a are eight holes arranged downward from the upper end (W 1 side) of the plate fin 2. The different diameter holes 2b are eight holes having a smaller diameter than the different diameter holes 2a, and are arranged below the different diameter holes 2a. The different diameter holes 2c are eight holes having a smaller diameter than the different diameter holes 2b, and are arranged on the lowermost end side (W 2 side).
[0029]
The plurality of heat transfer tubes 3 are composed of two or more types of different diameter tubes. A large-diameter heat transfer tube is disposed in the upper portion of the heat exchanger 1, and a small-diameter heat transfer tube is disposed in the lower portion of the heat exchanger 1. Yes. In the present embodiment, the plurality of different-diameter pipes are composed of three types of different-diameter pipes 13, 14, and 15. The different diameter tubes 13, 14, and 15 have hairpin-shaped hairpin portions 13a, 14a, and 15a, respectively, at one end thereof. Each of the different diameter tubes 13, 14, 15 is arranged four by four so as to correspond to the different diameter holes 2 a, 2 b, 2 c formed in the plate fin 2. That is, the different diameter pipe 13 has the largest diameter, the different diameter pipe 14 has a smaller diameter than the diameter of the different diameter pipe 13, and the different diameter pipe 15 has a smaller diameter than the diameter of the different diameter pipe 14. It is. The tube end portion of the different diameter tube 13 opposite to the hairpin portion 13 a is connected to the tube end portion of the adjacent different diameter tube 13 by the U-shaped tube 4. Further, the tube end portion of the different diameter tube 13 adjacent to the tube end portion of the different diameter tube 14 is connected to the tube end portion of the different diameter tube 14 by the U-shaped tube 5. Here, the U-shaped tube 5 is provided with a reducer for corresponding to the diameter of the different diameter tube 14 at one end of the U-shaped tube having a diameter corresponding to the different diameter tube 13. The tube end portion of the different diameter tube 14 is connected to the tube end portion of the adjacent different diameter tube 14 by the U-shaped tube 6. The tube end on the side opposite to the hairpin portion 14a of the different diameter tube 14 adjacent to the tube end portion of the different diameter tube 15 is the tube end of the different diameter tube 15 by the U-shaped tube 7 provided with a reducer, like the U-shaped tube 5. Connected to the department. The pipe end of the different diameter pipe 15 is connected to the pipe end of the adjacent different diameter pipe 15 by the U-shaped pipe 8.
[0030]
As a result, the heat exchanger 1 has a shape in which the fin width of the plate fins 2 decreases from the upper part toward the lower part, and a plurality of heat transfer tubes 3 including the different-diameter tubes 13, 14, 15 are provided so as to correspond thereto. The tube diameter is arranged.
[0031]
Next, a specific example of the fin width dimension of the plate fin 2 will be described. The fin width W 1 (part with a large fin width) and the fin width W 2 (part with a small fin width) are set according to the tube diameter of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 3 used. For example, the fin width W 1 is 12 mm to 30 mm, and the fin width W 2 is 3 mm to 20 mm. That is, the ratio of the fin width W 2 to the fin width W 1 (W 2 / W 1 ) is in the range of 0.25 to 0.67.
[0032]
(2) Manufacturing of heat exchanger Next, the manufacturing method of the heat exchanger 1 is demonstrated. The manufacturing process of the heat exchanger 1 includes a fin manufacturing process for manufacturing a plurality of plate fins 2 and a plurality of heat transfer tubes 3 made of different diameter tubes 13, 14, 15 in the plate thickness direction of the plate fins 2. Mounting and assembling the heat exchanger 1.
[0033]
In the fin manufacturing process for manufacturing the plate fins 2, a plate-shaped material made of a thin plate is fed in one direction, and is molded into a predetermined fin shape using a press die. In particular, the fin manufacturing step, as shown in FIG. 6, in order from the plate material X 1 that is sent in one direction (E 1 direction) to produce a plate fin 2, as templating method of each plate fin 2 takes a long side of the plate fins 2 in the direction (the width direction of the plate material X 1) which is perpendicular to the E 1 direction, E 1 direction (plate material X 1 in the longitudinal direction) to the short side of the plate fins 2 (fin A lateral feed system having widths W 1 and W 2 ) is adopted. Then, while feeding the plate material X 1 in the E 1 direction, the plate material X 1 is sequentially subjected to a burring process, a perforation process, a side cut process, and a cut-off process, thereby producing a plurality of plate fins 2. To do.
[0034]
Burring process, different-diameter hole 2a of the heat transfer tubes in the plate material X 1 is penetrated, 2b, a step of templating the 2c. Specifically, the plate fins 2 having the shape shown in FIG. 5 are molded so as to be arranged without gaps in the fin width direction. Specifically, the adjacent plate fins 2 are arranged to be rotated 180 degrees. Here, as the metal mold for burring, a mold that molds a plurality of plate fins 2 (in this embodiment, two each) is adopted.
[0035]
Perforation forming step is to place the perforations 9 at a position corresponding to the fin shape of plate fins 2 of plate material X 1.
[0036]
Side cutting step, cutting the plate material X 1 at a position corresponding to the end portion of the fin longitudinal direction of the perforations 9.
[0037]
In the cut-off processing step, the plate fin 2 is cut in the direction that intersects the feeding direction of the plate-like material X 1 to produce a plurality of plate fins 2 having a predetermined fin shape. It is a process.
[0038]
Thereafter, in the assembly process, a plurality of heat transfer tubes 3 composed of different diameter tubes 13, 14, and 15 are mounted so as to penetrate in the plate thickness direction of the plurality of plate fins 2, and the tube ends of the heat transfer tubes 3 are U-shaped. The heat exchanger 1 is assembled by connecting with tubes.
[0039]
(3) Operation of Heat Exchanger Next, the operation of the heat exchanger 1 will be described with reference to FIG. The heat exchanger 1 functions as a refrigerant condenser when an air conditioner indoor unit (not shown) performs a cooling operation, and when the air conditioner indoor unit (not shown) performs a heating operation. It functions as a refrigerant evaporator. When the heat exchanger 1 functions as a condenser, the refrigerant gas flows into the tube of the heat transfer tube 3 from the tube end C 1 , flows through the heat transfer tube 3, and air flows outside the tube of the heat transfer tube 3. It is condensed by heat exchange and flows out from the pipe end D 1 as a refrigerant liquid. On the contrary, when the heat exchanger 1 functions as an evaporator, the refrigerant liquid flows into the tube of the heat transfer tube 3 from the tube end D 1 and flows through the heat transfer tube 3, and passes outside the tube of the heat transfer tube 3. and it evaporated exchanging heat with air flowing through and out of tube end C 1 become refrigerant gas.
[0040]
(4) Features of heat exchanger and manufacturing method The heat exchanger and manufacturing method of the present embodiment have the following features.
[0041]
(A) Improvement of heat transfer efficiency In the heat exchanger 1 of the present embodiment, the fin width of the plate fin 2 has a shape that continuously decreases from one to the other. Since the large-diameter heat transfer tube 13 is arranged in the large portion and the small-diameter heat transfer tube 15 is arranged in the small fin width portion, the tube diameter and plate of the heat transfer tube 3 composed of the different-diameter tubes 13, 14, 15 are arranged. The dimensional relationship with the fin width of the fin 2 can be kept as optimal as possible. Thereby, while making the tube diameter of the heat transfer tube 15 on the liquid side of the heat exchanger 1 smaller than the tube diameter of the heat transfer tube 13 on the gas side, the heat transfer coefficient outside the tube is suppressed and the heat of the entire heat exchanger is reduced. Transmission efficiency can be improved. Moreover, in an air conditioner equipped with such a heat exchanger, air conditioning performance is improved.
[0042]
(B) Reduction of pressure loss outside heat transfer tube In the heat exchanger 1 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the fin width W 1 on the gas side of the plate fin 2 is the fin of the conventional heat exchanger 51. Although the width W 0 is the same as or slightly larger than the width W 0 (specifically, the fin width W 0 is a dimension range of 10 mm to 30 mm), the liquid-side fin width W 2 is equal to the conventional heat exchanger 51. Is smaller than Thereby, the pressure loss of the pipe outer side of the heat exchanger 1 can be reduced more than before.
[0043]
(C) in transverse feed scheme adopted plate fin manufacturing method manufacturing method of the heat exchanger 1 of this embodiment, the in the production of plate fins 2, the feed direction of the templating direction plate material X 1 of the plate fin 2 A lateral feed method is adopted in which the molds are sequentially molded and manufactured in a direction orthogonal to the direction. For this reason, what matches the shape of the metal mold | die for mold taking with the shape of the plate fin 2 can be used. Thereby, it is possible to obtain a fin shape in which the fin width is continuously reduced while the plate fin 2 is formed with through holes having different hole diameters from one to the other.
Further, when the plate fins 2 arrange the plurality of plate fins 2 in the fin width direction of the plate fins 2, the plate fins 2 are arranged without overlapping each other in the fin width direction and without gaps in the fin width direction. because it has a shape that can, it is possible to reduce the material loss of plate material X 1. Since a plurality of plate fins 2 are molded, productivity is improved.
[0044]
[Second Embodiment]
In the first embodiment, the fin width of the plate fin 2 is continuously changed as shown in FIG. 5, but the fin width is gradually increased from one to the other like the plate fin 22 shown in FIG. There may also be shaped to be smaller from W 1 to W 2. Even in this case, the same effect as the first embodiment can be obtained.
[0045]
[Third Embodiment]
In the first and second embodiments, the plate fins 2 have a symmetrical shape with respect to the center in the width direction as shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, but two plates like the plate fin 32 shown in FIG. When the fins are arranged in the fin width direction, they may have a rectangular shape. In this case, the material loss of the plate-like material can be further reduced as compared with the first and second embodiments.
[0046]
[Other Embodiments]
As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described based on drawing, a specific structure is not restricted to these embodiment, It can change in the range which does not deviate from the summary of invention.
[0047]
For example, the number of heat transfer tubes and the types of different diameter tubes in the heat exchanger are not limited to the three embodiments.
[0048]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
[0049]
In the invention according to claims 1 and 2, heat exchange is performed by suppressing the decrease in the heat transfer coefficient outside the tube while making the tube diameter of the heat transfer tube on the liquid side of the heat exchanger smaller than the tube diameter of the heat transfer tube on the gas side. The heat transfer efficiency of the entire vessel can be improved.
[0050]
In the inventions according to claims 3 and 4, when the plate fin is made from the plate material and manufactured, the material loss of the plate material can be reduced.
[0051]
In the invention according to claim 5, it is possible to manufacture fin-shaped plate fins in which the fin width decreases continuously or stepwise while forming through holes having different hole diameters from one to the other.
[0052]
In the invention concerning Claim 6, since the heat transfer efficiency of a heat exchanger is improving, the air conditioning performance of the whole air conditioner can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing an outdoor unit of an air conditioner that employs a conventional heat exchanger.
FIG. 2 is a view of a plate fin of a conventional heat exchanger as viewed from the plate thickness direction.
FIG. 3 is a view showing a manufacturing process of a plate fin of a conventional heat exchanger.
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing an outdoor unit of an air conditioner that employs the heat exchanger according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a view of plate fins of the heat exchanger according to the first embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the plate thickness direction.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a manufacturing process of plate fins of the heat exchanger according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a view of plate fins of a heat exchanger according to a second embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the plate thickness direction.
FIG. 8 is a view of plate fins of a heat exchanger according to a third embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the plate thickness direction.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Heat Exchanger 2, 22, 32 Plate Fin 3 Heat Transfer Tube 13, 14, 15 Different Diameter Tube X 1 Plate Material W 1 Fin Width W 2 Fin Width

Claims (6)

一方から他方に向かって連続的又は段階的にフィン幅が小さくなる形状を有し、板厚方向に所定の間隔を空け、かつ、フィン幅方向に空気を通過させるように配置された複数のプレートフィン（２、２２、３２）と、
前記複数のプレートフィン（２、２２、３２）を板厚方向に貫通して装着された２種類以上の異径管（１３、１４、１５）からなる複数の伝熱管（３）とを備え、
前記プレートフィン（２、２２、３２）のフィン幅の大きい部分には大径の伝熱管が配置され、フィン幅の小さい部分には前記大径の伝熱管よりも小径の伝熱管が配置されている、
熱交換器。A plurality of plates having a shape in which the fin width decreases continuously or stepwise from one side to the other, with a predetermined interval in the plate thickness direction , and arranged to allow air to pass in the fin width direction Fins (2, 22, 32);
A plurality of heat transfer tubes (3) composed of two or more types of different diameter tubes (13, 14, 15) mounted through the plurality of plate fins (2, 22, 32) in the thickness direction;
A large-diameter heat transfer tube is disposed in a portion of the plate fin (2, 22, 32) having a large fin width, and a small-diameter heat transfer tube is disposed in a portion having a small fin width than the large-diameter heat transfer tube. Yes,
Heat exchanger. 前記プレートフィン（２、２２、３２）のフィン幅の大きい部分（Ｗ1）に対するフィン幅の小さい部分（Ｗ2）との比（Ｗ2／Ｗ1）は、０．２５以上、０．６７以下の範囲である、請求項１に記載の熱交換器。Wherein the ratio of the small portion of the fin width (W 2) for a large portion of the fin width of the plate fins (2,22,32) (W 1) ( W 2 / W 1) is 0.25 or more, 0.67 The heat exchanger according to claim 1, which is in the following range. 前記プレートフィン（２、２２、３２）は、型取りの際に、前記複数のプレートフィン（２、２２、３２）を前記プレートフィン（２、２２、３２）のフィン幅方向に並べると、前記プレートフィン（２、２２、３２）同士がフィン幅方向に互いに重なり合うことなく、かつ、フィン幅方向に隙間を空けることなく並べることができる形状を有している、
請求項１又は２に記載の熱交換器。When the plate fins (2, 22, 32) are arranged in the fin width direction of the plate fins (2, 22, 32) when the molds are taken, The plate fins (2, 22, 32) have a shape that can be arranged without overlapping each other in the fin width direction and without a gap in the fin width direction.
The heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2. 前記プレートフィン（２、２２、３２）は、隣り合うプレートフィン（２、２２、３２）を１８０度回転させて並べることによって、前記プレートフィン（２、２２、３２）同士がフィン幅方向に互いに重なり合うことなく、かつ、フィン幅方向に隙間を空けることなく並べることができる形状を有している、
請求項３に記載の熱交換器。The plate fins (2, 22, 32) are arranged by rotating adjacent plate fins (2, 22, 32) by 180 degrees so that the plate fins (2, 22, 32) are aligned with each other in the fin width direction. It has a shape that can be arranged without overlapping and without leaving a gap in the fin width direction,
The heat exchanger according to claim 3. 請求項３又は４に記載の熱交換器の製造方法であって、
板状素材（Ｘ1）を一方向に送り、前記板状素材（Ｘ 1 ）の送り方向にプレートフィン（２、２２、３２）のフィン幅をとりつつ、プレートフィン（２、２２、３２）の型取り方向を前記板状素材（Ｘ1）の送り方向に直交する方向として順次型取りして、プレートフィン（２、２２、３２）を製造するフィン製造工程と、
複数の伝熱管（３）を前記プレートフィン（２、２２、３２）の板厚方向に貫通させて装着して、熱交換器を組み立てる組み立て工程と、
を備えた熱交換器の製造方法。It is a manufacturing method of the heat exchanger of Claim 3 or 4,
The plate material (X 1 ) is fed in one direction, and the fin width of the plate fins (2, 22, 32) is taken in the feed direction of the plate material (X 1 ), while the plate fins (2, 22, 32). A fin manufacturing step of manufacturing plate fins (2, 22, 32) by sequentially taking the mold forming direction as a direction orthogonal to the feeding direction of the plate material (X 1 ),
An assembly step of assembling a heat exchanger by attaching a plurality of heat transfer tubes (3) through the plate fins (2, 22, 32) in the thickness direction;
The manufacturing method of the heat exchanger provided with. 請求項１〜４のいずれかの熱交換器を備えた空気調和機。  The air conditioner provided with the heat exchanger in any one of Claims 1-4.
JP2002042860A 2002-02-20 2002-02-20 HEAT EXCHANGER, HEAT EXCHANGER MANUFACTURING METHOD, AND AIR CONDITIONER Expired - Fee Related JP3979118B2 (en)

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